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Biographies Russian Artists 19th Century Late 19th Century National Romantic Isaac Levitan
Isaac Levitan
Born: 1860, Kybartai (Lithuania)
Died: 1900, Moscow
National Romanticism
Painter, graphic artist, teacher. Born to a poor Jewish family in the town of Kybartai near Kovno in Lithuania (1860). Moved with his family to Moscow (1870). Studied under Alexei Savrasov, Vasily Polenov and Vasily Perov at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture (1873–85). Member of the Wednesday Art Club (1886–89), Moscow Society of Lovers of the Arts (1888), Society of Travelling Art Exhibitions (1891) and Munich Sezession (1897). Academician of painting (1898). Headed the landscape class at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture (1898–1900). Worked in Ostankino near Moscow (1880–84) and painted sets for Savva Mamontov's Private Russian Opera (1884–86). Lived in the village of Maximovka in Moscow Province, where he met Anton Chekhov, who was a guest at an estate in nearby Babkino (1885). Travelled to the Crimea to rest after suffering from heart disease and manic depression brought on by constant poverty and stress (1886). Painted melancholic "mood landscapes" which were considered a reflection of his own troubled psyche. Never married, but had many affairs and was suspected of being in love with Anton Chekhov's sister Maria. Lived and worked in the small town of Plyos in Kostroma Province (1888–90), where he painted two hundred landscapes. Visited France and Italy (1889–90), where he was influenced by the works of the Barbizon school and the Impressionists. Fell out with Anton Chekhov (1892–95) after the writer used his liaison with married student Sofia Kuvshinnikova as the plot for his short story The Grasshopper (1892). Broke up with Sofia after having an affair with Anna Turchaninova, wife of the governor of St Petersburg (1894), which led to another love triangle when Anna's eldest daughter also fell in love with him (1895). Mother and daughter fought over the artist, who attempted to commit suicide by shooting himself in Gorki (1895). Visited by Anton Chekhov, who further angered the artist by depicting him as the suicidal playwright Konstantin Treplyov in The Seagull (1895). Lived and worked in Finland (1896). Contracted typhoid and diagnosed as suffering from aneurysms (1896). Visited the town of Courmayeur in the Italian Alps (1897) and lived at the house of Anton Chekhov in Yalta (1899). Returned to Moscow (1900), where he remained housebound and died of tuberculosis shortly before his fortieth birthday (1900). Buried at Dorogomilovo Jewish Cemetery (1900) and reburied next to Anton Chekhov at the Novodevichy Cemetery (1941). Contributed to exhibitions (from 1880). Contributed to the exhibitions of the Society of Travelling Art Exhibitions (1884–1900), Moscow Society of Lovers of the Arts (1887–1900), Fellowship of South Russian Artists (1892), Moscow Fellowship of Artists (1893), Munich Sezession (1896, 1898, 1899), Exhibition of Russian and Finnish Artists (1898), World of Art (1899, 1900), Pan-Russian Exhibition in Nizhny Novgorod (1896), World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago (1893), Kraft- und Arbeitsmaschinen-Ausstellung in Munich (1898), Exposition Universelle in Paris (1900) and posthumous one-man shows in St Petersburg and Moscow (1901).
Eudoxia Lopukhina
When Peter the Great was sixteen, his mother married him to the nineteen-year-old daughter of Illar...
Nicholas II was the first child and eldest son of Alexander III and Maria Fyodorovna. He was born a...
Pyotr Pnin
Painter. Son of the writer Ivan Pnin (1773–1805). Studied at the Imperial Academy of Arts (1809–24)...
Yefim Cheptsov
Painter, teacher. Born in the family of icon-painter Mikhail Cheptsov in Medvenka in Kursk Province...
The Arrest of Christ
Christ's arrest is described in all four Gospels: "Then Jesus said unto the chief priests, and capt... | {
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Run Redbourn! is a running group based in Redbourn, Hertfordshire. We have runs to suit all abilities at many different times during the week.
We are a Run & Talk running group. This means we promote the power of running for improving mental health as well as physical health. We have 6 Mental Health Champions who run wearing a red 'run and talk' wristband. One run per month will be designated an official 'run and talk' run. | {
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Exotica Volume II was the second album by Martin Denny, released in 1958.
Track listing
"Soshu Night Serenade" (Ryōichi Hattori) – 2:08
"Island of Dreams" (Laine, Denny) – 2:53
"Japanese Farewell Song (Sayonara)" (Yoshda, Morgan) – 2:21
"Singing Bamboos" (Madeline Lamb) – 2:07
"The Queen Chant (E Lili Ua E)" (John Kaladana) – 2:46
"Wedding Song" (Ke Kali Ne Au) (Charles E. King) – 2:44
"Escales" (Jacques Ibert) – 2:39
"When First I Love" (Denny) – 2:22
"August Bells" (Gil Baumgart, Denny) – 2:14
"Bacoa" (Les Baxter) – 1:59
"Ebb Tide" (Robert Maxwell) – 3:11
"Rush Hour in Hong Kong" (Abram Chasins) – 1:58
Personnel
Martin Denny – piano, celeste, arrangements
Arthur Lyman – vibes, marimba, xylophone, percussion
Augie Colon – bongos, congas, Latin effects, bird calls
Bernard Miller – string bass
Jack Shoop – alto flute, baritone saxophone
Roy Harte – drums, percussion
Gil Baumgart – arranger, percussion
Si Waronker – producer
Ted Keep – engineer
Val Valentin – engineer (uncredited)
Garrett-Howard – cover design
Sandy Warner – cover model
References
1958 albums
Exotica albums
Martin Denny albums
Liberty Records albums
Albums produced by Simon Waronker
Albums arranged by Martin Denny | {
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Karen and I recently went to Conyngham, Pennsylvania to revisit one of the best breweries we've found on our camping trips, Conyngham Brewing Co. Now before you go crazy trying to figure out how to say it just keep it simple, it is pronounced Cunningham. Owner/Brewmaster Marc Eble and Assistant Brewer Darren Wolfe applied for their license in November 2012 and opened their doors in May of 2013. In comparison to here in New Jersey, I would have to say the process is a little easier in PA. The building that houses the Brewery was a general store dating back to the early 1800's and was once owned by Darren's grandparents. Marc and Darren took it down to the studs, and upgraded everything except for the old meat cooler with the original antique door. What once housed meat now is the home for the kegs for the taproom. They opened up with a 1 BBL system with a Kölsch being the first beer they brewed. Within 6 months they needed to move up to a 2 BBL system, and then up to their current brew house which is a 5 BBL system with 12 assorted 5 & 10 BBL fermenters. That jump made the beer making much faster. They both joked that what used to take 22 hours to brew now takes 6. The taproom itself is one of the warmest and welcoming ones we've been in. It has a 30"+ wide U-shaped bar that is made from reclaimed floorboards from the front of the building which were the living quarters that sits about 12 comfortably.
The bar area has a nice fireplace, and restrooms are nicer than most custom homes. As you travel through the doorway from the taproom, you enter what was once Darren's grandmothers kitchen which has been transformed into a nice area with high tables, oversized brown leather couches, and a dartboard. Through a sliding door to your right, you enter what was the living quarters which is now adorned with more high tables, and oversized brown leather couches. Across the front of the room are about a dozen barrels filled with assorted styles including 1-2 year old sours in various flavors. It's hard to truly appreciate what a great find this is, so you need to plan a weekend and experience true Artisan beer making. When you do go, try to catch a weekend with the Sunday brunch. As you could imagine everything is farm to table. They do it about once a month so do your research, and you won't be disappointed.
1. What was the first beer you brewed, and how was it?
I only homebrewed once in my life, and it was in Hawaii. I built my own mash tun out of coolers, and did an all grain Belgium inspired Chocolate Mint Stout. It was ok, but I knew what I did wrong. I used fresh mint, and did not remove the stems which gave it a bittering aspect. I did get the chocolate part right with the timing of the coco nibs, and the underlying beer was quite tasty.
2. What is your favorite style to brew, and why?
The favorite style I like to brew because of the ease and the great final product would be our Kölsch. Now my favorite to brew to drink is our Bourbon Barrel Stout. I lived in Hawaii for 8 years, and still have friends there who send me fresh coffee which I put in the barrels.
3. Do you look at ratings on Untappd, Beer Advocate, or Rate Beer, and does it influence your recipes?
Once in a while I look at Untappd because you kind of have to. I mainly log in to keep the beers up to date. It in no way affects my recipes in any way.
4. How do you stay connected to the local area in relation to sourcing ingredients?
We have our own 20 acre farm about 8 minutes away. We grow our own hops, but not 100% of our hop bill is from that. We source local oats. All the fruit in our sours are grown on our farm. The honey for our Mint Tea Honey Saison comes from our hives.
5. What is one tip you would give home brewers to make better beer?
Remember you have the advantage. You can buy whatever you want because you don't have to worry about sales so don't skimp on the ingredients. I hate t give the typical answer, but sanitizing is a huge part of it which can be extremely hard in the homebrew environment. Keep it simple. If you try to complicate things you run the risk of things going wrong.
6. What is the one piece of advice you would give someone who wants to open a brewery?
I get this answer 95% of the time. DON'T! I say that knowing if it's your true passion nothing will discourage you. You will need to double, and triple the time you think it will take. You will need to be resourceful. Our Glycol chiller went down, and Darren was able to get it operational, and I went and took the EPA test, and now I'm certified in HVAC. For me it's my life, and I've had to make sacrifices in my social life, friends, and sometimes relationships because it's that important to me. I used to love going to breweries, but that is very rare since I opened up. If you're going to other breweries for "research" then you're just ripping them off, and that's not respectful, and you probably won't make it.
7. If there is one beer you could brew with no regards to cost, production, or sales, what would it be?
I've actually already have done it. It's our Imperial Dessert Stout which comes in at 17.5% ABV. We went one step further and put it into a Cognac barrel which should amp it up to about 21% when it comes out. We made that beer just to see if we could. We weren't worried about cost, sales or time. We just wanted to see how big we could go.
8. Looking back to opening day forward, what was the one thing that happened that surprised you?
The change in the market. We opened up at the tail end of the first boom, and yes we are seeing another resurgence now. When we started bars and distributors were hounding us, but we weren't ready, and by the time we were the market got very competitive to the point that it's a challenge to get into bars and taverns.
9. Other than your beer, what is your go to after a long day at the brewery?
It's hard to say our beer since I live upstairs (laugh). I would have to say when I'm lucky enough to find it is Traquair House Scottish Ale. It's a Brewery that only makes 2 beers to support their castle in Scotland.
10. Where do you see the brewery in a year? In 5 Years?
Darren chimed in right away "Key West". Which I quickly said "I'm in". Seriously I want to do more distribution. That's my main goal because it's all about the beer. 5 Years. If the distribution doesn't work out then we will move somewhere where we will have a better opportunity to distribute.
Bonus 1. What's the best beer you ever had?
The Traquair House definitely comes to mind. There was also a great experience we had in Philly at the Brewers Conference where we went to a bar after and found Kosmic Mother Funk Grand Cru from Sam Adams on tap for $6 a pint. We had no choice but to kill the sixtel.
Bonus 2. What do you listen to when you're brewing?
A lot of Van Halen when we're brewing and country when we are bottling.
To say we enjoyed our visit would be an understatement. I can't wait until the next visit which will be in early July. If you are a fan of craft beer then you need to punch Conyngham Brewing into your GPS and start driving.
10 Questions With Bonsaw Brewing Company's Brewmaster A.J. Stoll!
We finally made it to Bonesaw Brewing Company in Glassboro, N.J. to do our "10 Questions with the Brewer" Brewmaster AJ Stoll. If you are like us, you have been following construction of this Brewery over the last year or so. Bonesaw was one of the first breweries in our area to be built from the ground up and we were curious about what it would look like, and more importantly how good the beer would be. From the moment you pull into the parking lot, to entering into the massive taproom, to the first sip of beer, one word comes to mind: Craftsmanship. What Dr. Rich DeVerniero, and brother-in laws David & Allen Doe, and Brewmaster AJ Stoll have created is a total sensory overload. From the custom light fixtures crafted by Dr. Rich himself to the impressive live edge bar, and wood work done by Randy P. Goodman of Random 8 Woodworks. All 4 owners were heavily involved with every single phase of construction. Bonesaw Brewing consists of a 17 BBL (20HL) brewhouse with 10-50 BBL (60HL) fermenters and 2-50 BBL (60HL) Brite tanks. He also has a few freshly filled barrels that I can't wait to try.
Brewmaster AJ Stoll took the long way to get to N.J… He is originally from Orange County, California, where his brewing journey started at Seven Bridges Organic Homebrew Supply in Santa Cruz. AJ got the bug early, and the supply store gave him a way to stay in touch with it (Plus the discounts didn't hurt either). While at Seven Bridges he actually worked with Tim Clifford and Jason Hansen who went on to open Santé Adairius Rustic Ales in 2012, and are really making some great beers. After college, AJ got an assistant brewer job with Seabright Brewery. After a short stint there, he moved on to his first Head Brewer job at Ukiah Brewing Co. From there he moved to Figueroa Mountain Brewing where his Imperial IPA Lizard's Mouth was nominated for best new beer in 2014. Along with dozens of awards he helped Figueroa grow from 1,200 BBL to 20,000 BBL per year in production.
Later on in 2014 AJ got the opportunity to go to Kerry, Ireland where he helped start-up Killarney Brewing Company which has become well-respected in the beer world. Although AJ joked that it only rains twice for 6 months at a time he was taken by the beauty, and the 40 shades of green. Something else that was surprising to him was that most of the 10,000 BBL they produced sold in just a 10 mile radius which confirms that the Irish love their beer.
The time at Killarney lasted about a year, and it was time for AJ to come back to the states. In 2015 he found himself at Funky Buddha in Florida where he helped get their Brewhouse in order before it was sold to Constellation Brands. Then like the song say's, I'm going back to Cali. When he got back to California he started working as a consultant with the plan to work with as many different breweries of all sizes to absorb as much experience as he could. He helped start new breweries, and helped tweak existing ones until he got the call to be the Brewmaster at Bonesaw.
It was an all grain Belgium double kit which I brewed twice before I wrote my own recipe for a Maple Buckwheat Brown Ale, and my love for brewing spiraled out of control from there. The first batch didn't come out exactly like I hoped, but all the next ones came out good, and drinkable.
I'm a chameleon when it comes to that. I like to brew darker beers because it makes the whole brewery smell good. Being from California I do love to brew IPA's, but if I had to pick a favorite it would have to be Lagers. They are the hardest, and most transparent. If something goes wrong everyone knows it. I also like Pilsners for the same reason.
3. Do you look at ratings on Untapped, Beer Advocate, or Rate Beer, and does it influence your recipes?
I do look at them from time to time just as a quality control check to see if there's a problem. I'm really not looking to see if someone liked the beer, but more if they went into one of our accounts and got a beer that tasted funny. It does not affect my recipes at all. We have 16 beers on tap right now with all different styles, so if you can't find something it may be you just don't like beer.
That's one of my favorite things to do everywhere I've been is to use local ingredients. We use local honey for some of our beers as well as malts from Rabbit Hill Farms which has been a nice recurring theme to this question. Our peaches, and pumpkins are all local, and our coffee is roasted right in Pitman. It's not just the freshness, and quality, but supporting local businesses that support us.
Don't be afraid to dump a batch and start over if you're not happy with it. With all the books and internet it's much easier to get it right the first time than it was 20 years ago.
6. What is the one piece of advice you would give to someone who wants to open a brewery?
Don't assume that because you are a home brewer that you're a brewer. I'm not saying you can't make the leap to a 3 BBL system, but it would be a good idea to bring someone in who has big system experience. Try to get some professional schooling or an internship with a bigger brewery. Make sure it's your passion.
7. If there was a beer you could brew with no regards to cost, production, or sales, what would it be?
I would probably brew a Triple IPA with some of the more expensive, and hard to get hops like Galaxy etc. I would also love to try an Ice Bock (Eisbock) which is where you freeze and remove a percentage of the water to increase the alcohol content, and turn it into a Triple Bock. I can't legally do it in New Jersey because it's distillation, but it would be pretty cool to do. A Stone Beer would be interesting to try also. It's when you super heat rocks and put them in the kettle to get it to boil.
How many people showed up to drink beer, and support us. We obviously wanted to be successful, and built this place for the consumer, but the response was very humbling. We only had 2 beers for the first 2 weeks, but the place was packed, and we were extremely grateful for it.
I still love Yuengling. It was hard to get in California and Florida so it was a treat when I could get it.
We are planning on growth of course. Our taproom is our most important thing right now, but we want to expand out with our accounts to more of New Jersey and Philadelphia. We also have plans for a second building in the back lot where we can not only make more beer, but more interesting beer. We just filled our first set of barrels which is something we want to continue to do more of. In 5 years we would love to build another Bonesaw probably in South Carolina somewhere. Rich, Dave, Allen, and I really enjoyed building this one, and our fingerprints are on almost everything in here. We are not the kind of guys to stand around with clipboards, and would love to do this again.
Bonus: What's the best beer you ever had?
I have a couple ones. I would have to say a Rodenbach Grand Cru for sure. I had a 10 year vertical of Bigfoot Barleywine from Sierra Nevada that was really good. It's also an experience that makes a beer the best one. If I really had to pick one it would be the Augustiner Helles' Lager I had sitting in the Augustiner Beer Hall in Munich.
Bonus 2: What do you listen to when you're brewing?
I have to have music playing when I'm brewing. I'm all over the place when it comes to music. The other day I listened to The Killers all day. Some days I listen to older country music, or I'll get on a Peter Gabriel or Genesis kick. You can never go wrong with 80's heavy metal either.
I would like to thank AJ, Rich, Dave, and Allen for being such gracious hosts, and taking time out of their day to sit down with me. One other thing I noticed was that the entire staff was extremely friendly and knowledgeable which was the cherry on top of the whole experience. Do yourself a favor and stop by if you're in the area. They also have nitro cold brew coffee on tap as well as homemade sodas for you non beer people.
We have been sitting on this article for quite some time. Not because it wasn't done well, we just wanted to hold onto it until Slack Tide Brewing Company was ready to release their first run of cans. While we were awaiting the boys to let us know, something very cool happened, they went out and one a Bronze Medal at The Great American Beer Festival for Avalon Amber Ale! So as this article goes to press their cans of Angry Osprey, Bell Buoy, and Tipsy Dipsy are available in 12 oz 6 packs at the brewery and select locations around South Jersey. Without further adieu, here is Tom's article born of sweat and hard work while yours truly sat in air conditioning!
I recently spent a couple days with Tadhg Campbell of Slack Tide Brewing Company to experience what a brew day consists of. The first day started with cleaning and sanitizing the equipment that will be used for the day. On day one Tadhg and assistant brewer Shawn Karge were going to be brewing a BBL batch one of mine and my wife's favorite, Avalon Amber Ale. Apparently we are not the only ones who think that.3 This beer just took home the Bronze in the American-Style Amber/Red category for the Avalon at the Great American Beer Festival. Tadhg mentioned to me that it's not a popular style, but I don't understand why. It has beautiful color, and a nice toasty, malty flavor. For this batch we milled 110 lbs of base grain, and another 90lbs of specialty malt grains. While the grains did their thing in the Mash Tun we started cleaning kegs, and getting things set up to transfer Sand Spike Session IPA from the fermenter to the Brite tank. While the Sand Spike transfer was taking place I was able to clean 12 half kegs and 19 sixtels in their Keg Commander cleaner. We will be filling those the next day with Sand Spike, their Session IPA. My first day was only about 3 hours, but it was a great warm-up for what was to come on day 2.
Day 2 started out at a balmy 86 degrees in the brew house at 6am. That day Tadhg and assistant brewer Chuck Wieland were going to be brewing a double 10 BBL batch of Bell Buoy, their award wining Belgian Blonde . The grain bill for each batch will be a little over 700 lbs. While the first batch of Bell Buoy was in the Mash Tun we started kegging the delicious Sand Spike out of the Brite Tank which yielded 12 half kegs, and 19 sixtels which I had cleaned yesterday. By 8:30 we had the first 10 BBL batch of Bell Buoy in the Brew Kettle and all of the Sand Spike in kegs. It is balmy in the brew house, currently in the low 90's, thankfully the cloud cover is saving us. As I thought about the process of brewing, the one word that keeps popping into my head is "multitasking". As Forrest Gump said "There's always something to do and somewhere to go". It's 9 am, and we start to sanitize the 20 BBL fermenter that housed Sand Spike the day before, and will be the new home for the double batch of Bell Buoy for a couple of weeks. At around 10 am we add the hop bill to the first batch of Bell Buoy and start to pull out the spent grains from the Mash Tun which will be picked up by a local farmer to feed his livestock. I also took some of the spent grain and made a batch of chocolate chip cookies with them that turned out really good (Editor's Note: They were good!). The sun is out, and it's about 100 degrees inside the metal building which houses the brewing operation. so much for me and my big mouth talking about the cloud cover. As we finished removing the first batch of spent grain, Tadhg started pumping the Bell Buoy through the heat exchanger, and into the freshly sanitized 20 BBL fermenter.
As always there is something to sanitize, and prep for the next stage. It's like a grain, hops, water, and sanitizing symphony that is kind of special to be a part of. It's now 11:25 am and is about 110 degrees in the brew house, Chuck is moving to the taproom, and we are joined by sales representative Jordi Nicolau to finish up the day in the brew house. We are now ready to move the second batch from the Mash Tun to the Brew Kettle, and we are still sanitizing the Brite Tank to get it ready for the next batch of liquid gold to go in it. Time check is now 12:45 pm, and I just pulled out the second batch of grain from the Mash which comes in at about 1800 lbs when saturated, and the second batch is boiling. Although Tadhg's day is far from over I'm ready to taste test some of the Sand Spike we kegged, and grab a few crowlers for the 4th. I can't thank Tadhg, and his brother Jason, and everyone at Slack Tide that I worked with over the 2 days. It was an awesome experience, and it was hot, and hard work, but if you love what you do you never work a day in your life. I can't wait to do this at another brewery, and have another great experience.
I recently sat down with the new Head Brewer of Tuckahoe Brewing Co. Ingrid Epoch to talk about her past, and present with Tuckahoe Brewing. Ingrid started out her professional brewing career with Devil's Creek Brewing in Collingswood in the spring of 2016. In September of 2017, she brought her skills to Forgotten Boardwalk Brewing where she brewed until April of this year when she became Head Brewer of Tuckahoe Brewing Co. Although I only had a short time to interview Ingrid due to a rigorous brewing schedule, I got the impression that this is going to be a good fit. While she will continue to brew our favorite recipes we have enjoyed over the last 7 years, she will also bring in some new styles for us to enjoy. I'm really excited to see what the future holds for Tuckahoe Brewing. To learn a little more about Ingrid I asked her our 10 questions which is one of my favorite assignments because of the great tips and knowledge they produce.
What was the first beer you brewed, and how was it?
After reading "The Complete Joy of Home Brewing" by Charlie Papazian AKA "The Bible" to most homebrewers I knew I was going to love to brew. I started out more ambitious than most and made an all grain Barrel Aged Russian Imperial Stout. It had some off flavors and didn't come out as I had hoped, but my friends liked it. They were not as experienced at the time with craft beer so they were not as critical as I was.
What is your favorite style to brew, and why?
Although I really love to brew Belgium beers there is such a broad range of answers to that question. I love brewing all the seasonal beers for the variety. I love a great Quad in the winter, and a good Saison in the summer, but my favorite time is fall when my first run of Stouts start to come out.
Do you look at ratings on Untapped, Beer Advocate, or Rate Beer, and does it influence your recipes?
More than I really should. I don't mean to sound pretentious, but I know what I want from my recipe better than someone who is reviewing it. In the end, I want to make beer that I like to drink, and it seems most people like to drink it as well. I do like it for legitimate concerns like bad draft lines, and if there is any out of date kegs floating around out there. The best piece of advice I got was to lose my Untapped account.
How do you stay connected to the local area in relation to ingredients?
Great question right at this time. We are using malts from Rabbit Hill Farms in a collaboration beer with Slack Tide Brewing that will be out soon. We try to get local hops to do small wet hop collaboration batches. Even more local I'm trying to grow hops on the side of the building. Of course, we are using some blueberries for a Saison that we are making, and we use local produce in the Firkins we do every 3rd Thursday.
What is one tip you would give home brewers to make better beer?
Get the right equipment to measure things properly. Do not rely on the old school eyeball method for anything. Although cleaning is the biggest part, monitoring your recipes should not take a back seat. The one thing that helped me make the jump from a home brewer to a professional brewer was keeping good records. I have sheets that I write down every possible thing so I can consistently hit those marks every time. Repeatability is the difference between home brewing and professional brewing.
What is the one piece of advice you would give to someone who wants to open a brewery?
Save up twice as much money as you think you will need. Also, you need to realize you will need at least 6 months from the time you brew your first beer to the time you sell your first beer. What has become a common answer in New Jersey is be prepared to wait for permits, licenses, and whatever else comes up. Have your brand, know your brand, and understand it. There are a lot of great breweries making really good beer so you need to know how you're going to sell it, and who you're going to market it to. That needs to be part of your package from day one. The label on the outside is just as important as the beer on the inside.
If there was a beer you could brew with no regards to cost, production, or sales what would it be?
I would do a high ABV Scottish Export Stout, but barrel age it in Oloroso Sherry Barrels that they use for scotch. It would be a Scotch on Scotch. The barrels are extremely expensive, and the grain bill I have written up for it is prohibitively expensive too.
Looking back at your first day forward, what was the one thing that surprised you?
Having an insane amount of good, knowledgeable help was great. Everyone was so into the program I wanted to put into place. A lot of time when a brewer leaves everyone follows, but that wasn't the case here.
Other than your beer, what is your go-to after a long day at the brewery?
Not to sound cliché for the area, but Tonewood's Fuego. It's so great, and I only live a couple blocks from the brewery so it's easy to pop in and fill my growler.
Where do you see the brewery in a year? In 5 years?
We want to double the capacity by adding 2 more 30 BBL fermenters, and 2 additional 30 BBL Brite Tanks. In 5 years I would love to see us distributing in all of New Jersey, in Philadelphia, and beyond. I want us to be in Delaware, and possibly the eastern shore of Maryland.
Bonus 1: What was the best beer you ever had?
It was a Foudre Aged Sour Saison from Stone Brewing that I had at a dinner they hosted at The Blue Monkey in Merchantville.
Bonus 2: What do you listen to when you brew?
Almost always listen to 36 Chambers by Wu-Tang when I boil because the album is about an hour so it's a mental focus thing since I know when the end is coming. Other than that we self DJ and someone puts on an album and we rock and roll.
Join us at South Jersey Beer Scene in welcoming Ingrid to Tuckahoe Brewing, and stop in to say hi, and have a beer. I'm really excited to try one of her recipes. | {
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The West Reservoir Centre is a beautiful, versatile and historical 1930s red-brick tower that features fascinating structural design elements, flooded by natural light.
The Centre is situated close to Manor House tube station and is one of the most unique spaces in London.
Doubling up as a sailing centre, the space can be converted by night into a stylish and quirky event venue perfect for business receptions, meetings and functions.
The four-storey Main Tower features original water processing equipment, high above the heads of the guests, adding drama and intrigue to any event.
On either side of the Main Tower are two wooden terraces providing space for summer entertaining.
The venue also has three additional meeting rooms overlooking the water facilities outside are ideal for seminars and away days with a difference. | {
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Home»Hot Copy»Lucas Garrett: GF musician's Caffe Lena solo debut, album, unique sound
Lucas Garrett: GF musician's Caffe Lena solo debut, album, unique sound
December 1, 2022 Hot Copy
Lucas Garrett graduated from Glens Falls Hall in 2011, went to SUNY Adirondack for Science and earned his Bachelor's degree in applied mathematics from SUNY Empire in 2017 — but music is his passion and his career.
He has his solo debut at Caffe Lena, the storied coffeehouse in Saratoga Springs, tonight, Thursday, Dec. 1.
The 7 p.m. show is a release party for Reaching Through Dreams, Lucas' latest album, what he describes as a very personal collection of six original songs. (Tix: $16, $8 child; info: caffelena.org.)
'No one knows how it works'
It so happens Lucas has Pompe disease. The ventilator and wheelchair he depends on are part of the picture, not the definition of it, although it has informed his work in unique musical ways.
Growing up, Lucas says, "Like any kid, I was all over the place, into something new every day. Then, I heard my dad playing the White Album by the Beatles when I was really little, about 7, and I was like, What the hell am I hearing? I was instantly into it."
Lucas studied guitar briefly as a kid with local Mike Flores, but says he is largely self-taught. He's recently begun additional lessons with acoustic blues player Thomasina Winslow of Albany.
Reaching Through Dreams has a sound reminiscent of 70s concept artists Peter Gabriel or David Byrne. Lucas' unique baritone voice has an ethereal quality, high on the outside edge. His songs are both complex and catchy.
"I never took vocal lessons," Lucas says, "but I sing practically every day."
"Absolutely no one including myself knows how the hell I'm singing on a ventilator," he says. "Even my doctor asks, how do you do it?
"The long answer is, I breathe with the ventilator in a way that incorporates the muscles."
He's in a wheelchair, but he's not paralyzed, Lucas notes. "The only difference between me and a typical person is, my muscles don't work as well. But they do work."
"When I was young, I was a lot weaker than I am now. When people say, they've never seen anyone play the guitar quite like I do," he says, "I had to learn a lot of different patterns. I didn't have the strength to go up and down the neck. In that sense, my weakness at the time informed my playing.
"Now I'm older, stronger and healthier. I can play the way the guitar is usually played."
The modifications he developed are "not unprecedented," Lucas says, but more common to jazz players. He calls his guitar style "the best of both: Conventionality, and some unconventionalness."
"Even though I have a math and science background," and opportunity to pursue a related career, he says, "I know what I need to be doing. It just feels right to be doing music. At the end of the day you have to do the career that is meaningful to you."
Today, he says, "All the income I make is from music making or music activities," including teaching guitar and writing about music for Nippertown, the online Capital Region music site.
'Music is an equalizer'
"Music is an equalizer," Lucas says. "People see me with a guitar in my hand, they take me a lot more seriously than they do if they just see me out and about."
That's both fortunate and unfortunate, he says.
"Stereotypes are lazy. Speaking just from my experience," he says he sees less "ableism" from younger people than older — maybe a sign the world is changing.
And, he says, "When it comes to music, I see the least ableism. They don't care what your problem is. They just want to make some music. There are lots of other messed up things in the music industry, but looking at me as an equal, it's nice to have that."
"I don't like to pigeonhole myself," Lucas says of his sound. "Overall, I call it alternative rock. It's broad, allows me to do whatever I want."
Influences, Beatles to locals
"Influences," he says: "I started with the Beatles. Cat Stevens, Jethro Tull, Peter Gabriel, Jack White of the White Stripes. I listen to a lot of different things, all the way back to 1500s Celtic music."
He appreciates local musicians he's worked with citing, among others, Girl Blue and Candy Ambulance — longtime collaborators he played with earlier this fall at the Park Theater in Glens Falls.
"I'm thankful to be part of a great community of musicians," he says. "Now to be playing Caffe Lena as a headliner…."
His Lucas Garrett Band members are Kevin Kosach on bass, Madison Lewis on vocals, and rotating drummers — Sam Zucchini for the Lena gig.
The local who's-who of album collaborators includes Eric Braymer on bass, Paul Guay on drums, Tania Susi on violin, Jonathan Newell on keys, the late Bob Bates on cello, and producers Marc Clayton and Alan Dunham.
Pandemic-born album 'Reaching'
Reaching Through Dreams had its start in August 2020, "when the pandemic was at its worst," Lucas says. "I thought I was done with music. We had so much going and then, like so many of my friends, lost it all overnight. I was a guitar teacher, performing out and working at various studios. I had all this money coming in, and it all went away overnight. I sat down and wrote the first song, 'So Many Times.' It's really a story about anxiety."
He put it aside, he said, until 2021.
"As the world started opening, slowly, I found it again."
"At the same time someone came into my life that changed how I view love. I'm not old, but when you are 29 and someone changes your entire view on what love is — a lot of songs on the album deal with that as well," he says.
"The first lyric on the album is 'I'm going crazy, what is under my bed?' The last lyric of the last song is 'You lay your head on my shoulder of stone, it turns into clouds.' I think that's very indicative of what the album is about."
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By Zander Frost, Chronicle Staff Writer Two years ago, when Dick Mead was still living, … | {
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Vance class sets record with 8 female pilots
VANCE AIR FORCE BASE, Okla. — Vance Air Force Base set a new record Dec. 3 as eight of the student pilots graduating in Class 22-03 were women. That broke the previous record of seven women graduating with Class 17-06 in March 2017.
The eight women and 22 men in Class 22-03 embraced their diversity by celebrating women throughout their entire time training in the T-6A Texan II. In fact, their class patch, an identifier worn by all members of the class, embraced female pop culture.
"We're the 'girl class,'" said 2nd Lt. Caitlin Bitting, now in follow-on training with the 25th Flying Training Squadron at Vance. "So we made our class patch based off of the movie 'Mean Girls' to tell people to 'get in… we're going flying.'"
2nd Lt. Raily Duffy, with Class 22-03, is the creative genius behind the iconic patch.
"The guys ate it up, they even got mad when we tried to use the color yellow instead of pink," Duffy said.
While Class 22-03 was a record-breaking class, members of the class described the experience as normal.
"When I walked in and saw that many girls, I didn't think anything of it," said 2nd Lt. Shinryu Aoyama, a male student pilot in the class. "I mean, we like to brag when we're different, and being different isn't a weakness, it's a strength that we got to share as a class. With different ways of thinking and different backgrounds, it can only make us better."
The mission at Vance continues to be to train the world's best pilots. Class 22-03 members made sure that even with a record-breaking class, they brought just as much to the table as every other class.
"Being in this profession, it's important to know that standards don't change based on gender," said 1st Lt. Kaitlyn Cook, a student now in follow-on training with the 25th FTS.
In addition to the patch, the women brought a since of camaraderie that the other classes didn't seem to have. They looked at pilot training as a "team sport."
"Our flight commander emphasized that if we worked together, we would succeed," Cook said. "We really took that to heart, even to go as far as to have weekly dinners and breakfasts together."
Duffy also thought the brunches their class enjoyed were a unique twist that the women brought.
Whether it was the brunches or the teamwork, Cook and Duffy's recipe for success paid off. They both graduated as two of the three distinguished graduates from Class 22-03.
"I would tell young girls that want to fly, to go for it," Cook said. "It's hard for a reason. We need our Air Force pilots to know how to do complex things. Don't let that deter you from being a part of such an awesome group."
The other five females graduating with Class 22-03 were 2nd Lt. Abby deVarennes, 2nd Lt. Mary Luking, 2nd Lt. Melanie Sundahl, 2nd Lt. Mariah Waters and 2nd Lt. Kayla Wofford.
Article by: 2nd Lt. Alyssa Letts 71st Training Wing Public Affairs | {
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Brooklyn és un dels cinc districtes que conformen la ciutat de Nova York. Va ser una ciutat independent fins a la seva inclusió dins del conglomerat urbà de Nova York el 1898. Actualment, Brooklyn és el barri més poblat de la ciutat amb prop de 2,5 milions d'habitants.
El borough de Brooklyn concorda amb els límits del comtat de Kings (comtat de Reis), el qual és a més el comtat més poblat de l'Estat de Nova York. Si fos una ciutat independent, Brooklyn seria de les quatre ciutats més poblades dels Estats Units. Brooklyn va obtenir el seu nom en honor del rei Carles II d'Anglaterra, a causa d'això també rep l'apel·latiu de "Ciutat de Reis".
Malgrat la unió amb Nova York, Brooklyn manté una forta identitat. Ha estat anomenada City of Trees (Ciutat dels Arbres), City of Homes (Ciutat de les Cases) o també City of Churches (Ciutat de les Esglésies) i al , Brooklyn és de vegades anomenat "Borough of Homes and Churches" (Districte de Cases i Esglésies).
Com un intent de promoció, l'Administració Local ha col·locat senyals de trànsit al llarg de les avingudes més transitades en els límits de Brooklyn. S'han col·locat acolorides expressions associades amb Brooklyn com per exemple: "Fugheddaboudit" (Forget about it: oblida-ho), "Oy vey" (Oh dear: volgut) i "How Sweet it is" (Com és de dolç això). Un senyal identifica a Brooklyn com: "Home to Everyone From Everywhere" (Llar per a qualsevol de qualsevol lloc).
El seu nom prové de la ciutat neerlandesa de Breukelen, per una característica comuna entre aquestes, en ambdues existia un petit pantà (broek o breuk -pronunciat [bruk]: pantà; més el sufix diminutiu neerlandès elen), de manera que el significat original de Brooklyn és "Pantanet".
Esports
Brooklyn ha estat llar de moltes figures conegudes com a Joe Patern, Joe Torre, Larry Brown, Mike Tyson, Paul Lo Duca, Bobby Fischer, Michael Jordan i Vince Lombardi. Els parcs que es troben a través de Brooklyn com Prospect Park, Marine Park i la comunitat de complexos esportius en Floyd Bennett Field proveeixen als residents de l'oportunitat de practicar els seus esports preferits.
L'equip més famós de Brooklyn són els antics Brooklyn Dodgers que jugaven al Ebbets Field, van ser malnomenats els "trolley dodgers" com una referència als tramvies que alguna vegada van travessar el borough.
El més gran èxit dels Dodgers va tenir lloc el 1947 quan Jackie Robinson entrà al camp vestint l'uniforme dels Dodgers, constituint-se així en el primer afroamericà a participar en la Lliga Major de Beisbol Nord-americà. El 1955, els Dodgers van guanyar la seva primera i única Sèrie Mundial a Brooklyn contra el seu clàssic rival els New York Yankees. L'esdeveniment és recordat, ja que va ser celebrat massivament pels habitants del borough. Dos anys després els Dodgers van canviar la seva seu a Los Angeles.
Després de 43 anys sense beisbol, aquest esport va tornar a Brooklyn al conformar-se l'equip dels Brooklyn Cyclones, un equip de les lligues menors de beisbol que van començar a jugar a Coney Island.
Personatges il·lustres
Michael Jordan, ex-jugador de bàsquet.
Carl Sagan, reconegut astrònom i divulgador científic.
Jay-Z, raper.
Woody Allen, director i guionista.
Carmelo Anthony, jugador de bàsquet.
Al Capone, gàngster.
Jennifer Connelly, actriu.
Marion Davies actriu
Mickey Rooney actor
Barry Manilow, compositor, músic i intèrpret.
Paul Auster, escriptor
Mike Tyson, boxejador
Corbin Bleu, actor
Tazz ex-lluitador ECW i actual comentarista
Larry Brown, exjugador i entrenador de bàsquet.
Emil Mollenhauer, (1855-1927), violinista i compositor.
Ruth Bader Ginsburg (1933 - 2020) jurista
Lee Krasner (1908 - 1984) pintora
Referències
Enllaços externs
Fotografia social centrada en Brooklyn - Boogie
Llocs d'interès en Brooklyn | {
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Q: Error: Content Security Policy: The page's settings blocked the loading of a resource I've been trying to move a simple program I made in jQuery/HTML to a Firefox WebExtension for easy deployment. The error I am getting is:
Content Security Policy: The page's settings blocked the loading of a resource at https://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.12.4.js ("script-src moz-extension://ef8f1295-1912-4912-ab2e-121053b6781a").
I'm sure I'm just not doing the manifest.json file right, but for the life of me I don't know where:
{
"description": "Makes tasks from different underwriters uniform",
"manifest_version": 2,
"name": "Task Creator",
"version": ".5",
"permissions": [
"http://*/*", "tabs", "https://*/*"
],
"icons": {
"48": "icons/page-48.png"
},
"web_accessible_resources": [
"style/popUpStyle.css",
"script/popUpTask.js",
"script/logicTaskFiller.js",
"js/autosize.js",
"style/https://code.jquery.com/ui/1.12.1/themes/base/jquery-ui.css",
"js/https://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.12.4.js",
"js/https://code.jquery.com/ui/1.12.1/jquery-ui.js"
],
"background": {
"scripts": ["background.js"]
},
"browser_action": {
"default_icon": "icons/page-32.png"
}
}
A: By default, extensions cannot load scripts, or other object resources, from the Internet. All CSS and JavaScript content used by your extension should be part of the extension package.
(This documentation is from Chrome, but the exact same policies apply to Firefox WebExtensions.)
It's possible to relax these restrictions somewhat, but this should generally be avoided -- loading resources from a remote server will make your extension fail to work properly if the user does not have Internet access, or if they are behind a restrictive firewall. Additionally, addons.mozilla.org will not accept addons which execute remotely hosted Javascript.
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webpackJsonp([1],{
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return this;
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try {
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g = g || Function("return this")() || (1,eval)("this");
} catch(e) {
// This works if the window reference is available
if(typeof window === "object")
g = window;
}
// g can still be undefined, but nothing to do about it...
// We return undefined, instead of nothing here, so it's
// easier to handle this case. if(!global) { ...}
module.exports = g;
/***/ }),
/***/ 3:
/***/ (function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
var __WEBPACK_AMD_DEFINE_ARRAY__, __WEBPACK_AMD_DEFINE_RESULT__;/*!
* jQuery JavaScript Library v3.2.1
* https://jquery.com/
*
* Includes Sizzle.js
* https://sizzlejs.com/
*
* Copyright JS Foundation and other contributors
* Released under the MIT license
* https://jquery.org/license
*
* Date: 2017-03-20T18:59Z
*/
( function( global, factory ) {
"use strict";
if ( typeof module === "object" && typeof module.exports === "object" ) {
// For CommonJS and CommonJS-like environments where a proper `window`
// is present, execute the factory and get jQuery.
// For environments that do not have a `window` with a `document`
// (such as Node.js), expose a factory as module.exports.
// This accentuates the need for the creation of a real `window`.
// e.g. var jQuery = require("jquery")(window);
// See ticket #14549 for more info.
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factory( global, true ) :
function( w ) {
if ( !w.document ) {
throw new Error( "jQuery requires a window with a document" );
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var fnToString = hasOwn.toString;
var ObjectFunctionString = fnToString.call( Object );
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function DOMEval( code, doc ) {
doc = doc || document;
var script = doc.createElement( "script" );
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fcamelCase = function( all, letter ) {
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jQuery.fn = jQuery.prototype = {
// The current version of jQuery being used
jquery: version,
constructor: jQuery,
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toArray: function() {
return slice.call( this );
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// Get the Nth element in the matched element set OR
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get: function( num ) {
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},
// Take an array of elements and push it onto the stack
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pushStack: function( elems ) {
// Build a new jQuery matched element set
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ret.prevObject = this;
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return jQuery.each( this, callback );
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map: function( callback ) {
return this.pushStack( jQuery.map( this, function( elem, i ) {
return callback.call( elem, i, elem );
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return this.pushStack( slice.apply( this, arguments ) );
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return this.eq( 0 );
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end: function() {
return this.prevObject || this.constructor();
},
// For internal use only.
// Behaves like an Array's method, not like a jQuery method.
push: push,
sort: arr.sort,
splice: arr.splice
};
jQuery.extend = jQuery.fn.extend = function() {
var options, name, src, copy, copyIsArray, clone,
target = arguments[ 0 ] || {},
i = 1,
length = arguments.length,
deep = false;
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if ( typeof target === "boolean" ) {
deep = target;
// Skip the boolean and the target
target = arguments[ i ] || {};
i++;
}
// Handle case when target is a string or something (possible in deep copy)
if ( typeof target !== "object" && !jQuery.isFunction( target ) ) {
target = {};
}
// Extend jQuery itself if only one argument is passed
if ( i === length ) {
target = this;
i--;
}
for ( ; i < length; i++ ) {
// Only deal with non-null/undefined values
if ( ( options = arguments[ i ] ) != null ) {
// Extend the base object
for ( name in options ) {
src = target[ name ];
copy = options[ name ];
// Prevent never-ending loop
if ( target === copy ) {
continue;
}
// Recurse if we're merging plain objects or arrays
if ( deep && copy && ( jQuery.isPlainObject( copy ) ||
( copyIsArray = Array.isArray( copy ) ) ) ) {
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copyIsArray = false;
clone = src && Array.isArray( src ) ? src : [];
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clone = src && jQuery.isPlainObject( src ) ? src : {};
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jQuery.extend( {
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expando: "jQuery" + ( version + Math.random() ).replace( /\D/g, "" ),
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isReady: true,
error: function( msg ) {
throw new Error( msg );
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noop: function() {},
isFunction: function( obj ) {
return jQuery.type( obj ) === "function";
},
isWindow: function( obj ) {
return obj != null && obj === obj.window;
},
isNumeric: function( obj ) {
// As of jQuery 3.0, isNumeric is limited to
// strings and numbers (primitives or objects)
// that can be coerced to finite numbers (gh-2662)
var type = jQuery.type( obj );
return ( type === "number" || type === "string" ) &&
// parseFloat NaNs numeric-cast false positives ("")
// ...but misinterprets leading-number strings, particularly hex literals ("0x...")
// subtraction forces infinities to NaN
!isNaN( obj - parseFloat( obj ) );
},
isPlainObject: function( obj ) {
var proto, Ctor;
// Detect obvious negatives
// Use toString instead of jQuery.type to catch host objects
if ( !obj || toString.call( obj ) !== "[object Object]" ) {
return false;
}
proto = getProto( obj );
// Objects with no prototype (e.g., `Object.create( null )`) are plain
if ( !proto ) {
return true;
}
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return typeof Ctor === "function" && fnToString.call( Ctor ) === ObjectFunctionString;
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length = obj.length;
for ( ; i < length; i++ ) {
if ( callback.call( obj[ i ], i, obj[ i ] ) === false ) {
break;
}
}
} else {
for ( i in obj ) {
if ( callback.call( obj[ i ], i, obj[ i ] ) === false ) {
break;
}
}
}
return obj;
},
// Support: Android <=4.0 only
trim: function( text ) {
return text == null ?
"" :
( text + "" ).replace( rtrim, "" );
},
// results is for internal usage only
makeArray: function( arr, results ) {
var ret = results || [];
if ( arr != null ) {
if ( isArrayLike( Object( arr ) ) ) {
jQuery.merge( ret,
typeof arr === "string" ?
[ arr ] : arr
);
} else {
push.call( ret, arr );
}
}
return ret;
},
inArray: function( elem, arr, i ) {
return arr == null ? -1 : indexOf.call( arr, elem, i );
},
// Support: Android <=4.0 only, PhantomJS 1 only
// push.apply(_, arraylike) throws on ancient WebKit
merge: function( first, second ) {
var len = +second.length,
j = 0,
i = first.length;
for ( ; j < len; j++ ) {
first[ i++ ] = second[ j ];
}
first.length = i;
return first;
},
grep: function( elems, callback, invert ) {
var callbackInverse,
matches = [],
i = 0,
length = elems.length,
callbackExpect = !invert;
// Go through the array, only saving the items
// that pass the validator function
for ( ; i < length; i++ ) {
callbackInverse = !callback( elems[ i ], i );
if ( callbackInverse !== callbackExpect ) {
matches.push( elems[ i ] );
}
}
return matches;
},
// arg is for internal usage only
map: function( elems, callback, arg ) {
var length, value,
i = 0,
ret = [];
// Go through the array, translating each of the items to their new values
if ( isArrayLike( elems ) ) {
length = elems.length;
for ( ; i < length; i++ ) {
value = callback( elems[ i ], i, arg );
if ( value != null ) {
ret.push( value );
}
}
// Go through every key on the object,
} else {
for ( i in elems ) {
value = callback( elems[ i ], i, arg );
if ( value != null ) {
ret.push( value );
}
}
}
// Flatten any nested arrays
return concat.apply( [], ret );
},
// A global GUID counter for objects
guid: 1,
// Bind a function to a context, optionally partially applying any
// arguments.
proxy: function( fn, context ) {
var tmp, args, proxy;
if ( typeof context === "string" ) {
tmp = fn[ context ];
context = fn;
fn = tmp;
}
// Quick check to determine if target is callable, in the spec
// this throws a TypeError, but we will just return undefined.
if ( !jQuery.isFunction( fn ) ) {
return undefined;
}
// Simulated bind
args = slice.call( arguments, 2 );
proxy = function() {
return fn.apply( context || this, args.concat( slice.call( arguments ) ) );
};
// Set the guid of unique handler to the same of original handler, so it can be removed
proxy.guid = fn.guid = fn.guid || jQuery.guid++;
return proxy;
},
now: Date.now,
// jQuery.support is not used in Core but other projects attach their
// properties to it so it needs to exist.
support: support
} );
if ( typeof Symbol === "function" ) {
jQuery.fn[ Symbol.iterator ] = arr[ Symbol.iterator ];
}
// Populate the class2type map
jQuery.each( "Boolean Number String Function Array Date RegExp Object Error Symbol".split( " " ),
function( i, name ) {
class2type[ "[object " + name + "]" ] = name.toLowerCase();
} );
function isArrayLike( obj ) {
// Support: real iOS 8.2 only (not reproducible in simulator)
// `in` check used to prevent JIT error (gh-2145)
// hasOwn isn't used here due to false negatives
// regarding Nodelist length in IE
var length = !!obj && "length" in obj && obj.length,
type = jQuery.type( obj );
if ( type === "function" || jQuery.isWindow( obj ) ) {
return false;
}
return type === "array" || length === 0 ||
typeof length === "number" && length > 0 && ( length - 1 ) in obj;
}
var Sizzle =
/*!
* Sizzle CSS Selector Engine v2.3.3
* https://sizzlejs.com/
*
* Copyright jQuery Foundation and other contributors
* Released under the MIT license
* http://jquery.org/license
*
* Date: 2016-08-08
*/
(function( window ) {
var i,
support,
Expr,
getText,
isXML,
tokenize,
compile,
select,
outermostContext,
sortInput,
hasDuplicate,
// Local document vars
setDocument,
document,
docElem,
documentIsHTML,
rbuggyQSA,
rbuggyMatches,
matches,
contains,
// Instance-specific data
expando = "sizzle" + 1 * new Date(),
preferredDoc = window.document,
dirruns = 0,
done = 0,
classCache = createCache(),
tokenCache = createCache(),
compilerCache = createCache(),
sortOrder = function( a, b ) {
if ( a === b ) {
hasDuplicate = true;
}
return 0;
},
// Instance methods
hasOwn = ({}).hasOwnProperty,
arr = [],
pop = arr.pop,
push_native = arr.push,
push = arr.push,
slice = arr.slice,
// Use a stripped-down indexOf as it's faster than native
// https://jsperf.com/thor-indexof-vs-for/5
indexOf = function( list, elem ) {
var i = 0,
len = list.length;
for ( ; i < len; i++ ) {
if ( list[i] === elem ) {
return i;
}
}
return -1;
},
booleans = "checked|selected|async|autofocus|autoplay|controls|defer|disabled|hidden|ismap|loop|multiple|open|readonly|required|scoped",
// Regular expressions
// http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#whitespace
whitespace = "[\\x20\\t\\r\\n\\f]",
// http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/syndata.html#value-def-identifier
identifier = "(?:\\\\.|[\\w-]|[^\0-\\xa0])+",
// Attribute selectors: http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors/#attribute-selectors
attributes = "\\[" + whitespace + "*(" + identifier + ")(?:" + whitespace +
// Operator (capture 2)
"*([*^$|!~]?=)" + whitespace +
// "Attribute values must be CSS identifiers [capture 5] or strings [capture 3 or capture 4]"
"*(?:'((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\'])*)'|\"((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\\"])*)\"|(" + identifier + "))|)" + whitespace +
"*\\]",
pseudos = ":(" + identifier + ")(?:\\((" +
// To reduce the number of selectors needing tokenize in the preFilter, prefer arguments:
// 1. quoted (capture 3; capture 4 or capture 5)
"('((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\'])*)'|\"((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\\"])*)\")|" +
// 2. simple (capture 6)
"((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\()[\\]]|" + attributes + ")*)|" +
// 3. anything else (capture 2)
".*" +
")\\)|)",
// Leading and non-escaped trailing whitespace, capturing some non-whitespace characters preceding the latter
rwhitespace = new RegExp( whitespace + "+", "g" ),
rtrim = new RegExp( "^" + whitespace + "+|((?:^|[^\\\\])(?:\\\\.)*)" + whitespace + "+$", "g" ),
rcomma = new RegExp( "^" + whitespace + "*," + whitespace + "*" ),
rcombinators = new RegExp( "^" + whitespace + "*([>+~]|" + whitespace + ")" + whitespace + "*" ),
rattributeQuotes = new RegExp( "=" + whitespace + "*([^\\]'\"]*?)" + whitespace + "*\\]", "g" ),
rpseudo = new RegExp( pseudos ),
ridentifier = new RegExp( "^" + identifier + "$" ),
matchExpr = {
"ID": new RegExp( "^#(" + identifier + ")" ),
"CLASS": new RegExp( "^\\.(" + identifier + ")" ),
"TAG": new RegExp( "^(" + identifier + "|[*])" ),
"ATTR": new RegExp( "^" + attributes ),
"PSEUDO": new RegExp( "^" + pseudos ),
"CHILD": new RegExp( "^:(only|first|last|nth|nth-last)-(child|of-type)(?:\\(" + whitespace +
"*(even|odd|(([+-]|)(\\d*)n|)" + whitespace + "*(?:([+-]|)" + whitespace +
"*(\\d+)|))" + whitespace + "*\\)|)", "i" ),
"bool": new RegExp( "^(?:" + booleans + ")$", "i" ),
// For use in libraries implementing .is()
// We use this for POS matching in `select`
"needsContext": new RegExp( "^" + whitespace + "*[>+~]|:(even|odd|eq|gt|lt|nth|first|last)(?:\\(" +
whitespace + "*((?:-\\d)?\\d*)" + whitespace + "*\\)|)(?=[^-]|$)", "i" )
},
rinputs = /^(?:input|select|textarea|button)$/i,
rheader = /^h\d$/i,
rnative = /^[^{]+\{\s*\[native \w/,
// Easily-parseable/retrievable ID or TAG or CLASS selectors
rquickExpr = /^(?:#([\w-]+)|(\w+)|\.([\w-]+))$/,
rsibling = /[+~]/,
// CSS escapes
// http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/syndata.html#escaped-characters
runescape = new RegExp( "\\\\([\\da-f]{1,6}" + whitespace + "?|(" + whitespace + ")|.)", "ig" ),
funescape = function( _, escaped, escapedWhitespace ) {
var high = "0x" + escaped - 0x10000;
// NaN means non-codepoint
// Support: Firefox<24
// Workaround erroneous numeric interpretation of +"0x"
return high !== high || escapedWhitespace ?
escaped :
high < 0 ?
// BMP codepoint
String.fromCharCode( high + 0x10000 ) :
// Supplemental Plane codepoint (surrogate pair)
String.fromCharCode( high >> 10 | 0xD800, high & 0x3FF | 0xDC00 );
},
// CSS string/identifier serialization
// https://drafts.csswg.org/cssom/#common-serializing-idioms
rcssescape = /([\0-\x1f\x7f]|^-?\d)|^-$|[^\0-\x1f\x7f-\uFFFF\w-]/g,
fcssescape = function( ch, asCodePoint ) {
if ( asCodePoint ) {
// U+0000 NULL becomes U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER
if ( ch === "\0" ) {
return "\uFFFD";
}
// Control characters and (dependent upon position) numbers get escaped as code points
return ch.slice( 0, -1 ) + "\\" + ch.charCodeAt( ch.length - 1 ).toString( 16 ) + " ";
}
// Other potentially-special ASCII characters get backslash-escaped
return "\\" + ch;
},
// Used for iframes
// See setDocument()
// Removing the function wrapper causes a "Permission Denied"
// error in IE
unloadHandler = function() {
setDocument();
},
disabledAncestor = addCombinator(
function( elem ) {
return elem.disabled === true && ("form" in elem || "label" in elem);
},
{ dir: "parentNode", next: "legend" }
);
// Optimize for push.apply( _, NodeList )
try {
push.apply(
(arr = slice.call( preferredDoc.childNodes )),
preferredDoc.childNodes
);
// Support: Android<4.0
// Detect silently failing push.apply
arr[ preferredDoc.childNodes.length ].nodeType;
} catch ( e ) {
push = { apply: arr.length ?
// Leverage slice if possible
function( target, els ) {
push_native.apply( target, slice.call(els) );
} :
// Support: IE<9
// Otherwise append directly
function( target, els ) {
var j = target.length,
i = 0;
// Can't trust NodeList.length
while ( (target[j++] = els[i++]) ) {}
target.length = j - 1;
}
};
}
function Sizzle( selector, context, results, seed ) {
var m, i, elem, nid, match, groups, newSelector,
newContext = context && context.ownerDocument,
// nodeType defaults to 9, since context defaults to document
nodeType = context ? context.nodeType : 9;
results = results || [];
// Return early from calls with invalid selector or context
if ( typeof selector !== "string" || !selector ||
nodeType !== 1 && nodeType !== 9 && nodeType !== 11 ) {
return results;
}
// Try to shortcut find operations (as opposed to filters) in HTML documents
if ( !seed ) {
if ( ( context ? context.ownerDocument || context : preferredDoc ) !== document ) {
setDocument( context );
}
context = context || document;
if ( documentIsHTML ) {
// If the selector is sufficiently simple, try using a "get*By*" DOM method
// (excepting DocumentFragment context, where the methods don't exist)
if ( nodeType !== 11 && (match = rquickExpr.exec( selector )) ) {
// ID selector
if ( (m = match[1]) ) {
// Document context
if ( nodeType === 9 ) {
if ( (elem = context.getElementById( m )) ) {
// Support: IE, Opera, Webkit
// TODO: identify versions
// getElementById can match elements by name instead of ID
if ( elem.id === m ) {
results.push( elem );
return results;
}
} else {
return results;
}
// Element context
} else {
// Support: IE, Opera, Webkit
// TODO: identify versions
// getElementById can match elements by name instead of ID
if ( newContext && (elem = newContext.getElementById( m )) &&
contains( context, elem ) &&
elem.id === m ) {
results.push( elem );
return results;
}
}
// Type selector
} else if ( match[2] ) {
push.apply( results, context.getElementsByTagName( selector ) );
return results;
// Class selector
} else if ( (m = match[3]) && support.getElementsByClassName &&
context.getElementsByClassName ) {
push.apply( results, context.getElementsByClassName( m ) );
return results;
}
}
// Take advantage of querySelectorAll
if ( support.qsa &&
!compilerCache[ selector + " " ] &&
(!rbuggyQSA || !rbuggyQSA.test( selector )) ) {
if ( nodeType !== 1 ) {
newContext = context;
newSelector = selector;
// qSA looks outside Element context, which is not what we want
// Thanks to Andrew Dupont for this workaround technique
// Support: IE <=8
// Exclude object elements
} else if ( context.nodeName.toLowerCase() !== "object" ) {
// Capture the context ID, setting it first if necessary
if ( (nid = context.getAttribute( "id" )) ) {
nid = nid.replace( rcssescape, fcssescape );
} else {
context.setAttribute( "id", (nid = expando) );
}
// Prefix every selector in the list
groups = tokenize( selector );
i = groups.length;
while ( i-- ) {
groups[i] = "#" + nid + " " + toSelector( groups[i] );
}
newSelector = groups.join( "," );
// Expand context for sibling selectors
newContext = rsibling.test( selector ) && testContext( context.parentNode ) ||
context;
}
if ( newSelector ) {
try {
push.apply( results,
newContext.querySelectorAll( newSelector )
);
return results;
} catch ( qsaError ) {
} finally {
if ( nid === expando ) {
context.removeAttribute( "id" );
}
}
}
}
}
}
// All others
return select( selector.replace( rtrim, "$1" ), context, results, seed );
}
/**
* Create key-value caches of limited size
* @returns {function(string, object)} Returns the Object data after storing it on itself with
* property name the (space-suffixed) string and (if the cache is larger than Expr.cacheLength)
* deleting the oldest entry
*/
function createCache() {
var keys = [];
function cache( key, value ) {
// Use (key + " ") to avoid collision with native prototype properties (see Issue #157)
if ( keys.push( key + " " ) > Expr.cacheLength ) {
// Only keep the most recent entries
delete cache[ keys.shift() ];
}
return (cache[ key + " " ] = value);
}
return cache;
}
/**
* Mark a function for special use by Sizzle
* @param {Function} fn The function to mark
*/
function markFunction( fn ) {
fn[ expando ] = true;
return fn;
}
/**
* Support testing using an element
* @param {Function} fn Passed the created element and returns a boolean result
*/
function assert( fn ) {
var el = document.createElement("fieldset");
try {
return !!fn( el );
} catch (e) {
return false;
} finally {
// Remove from its parent by default
if ( el.parentNode ) {
el.parentNode.removeChild( el );
}
// release memory in IE
el = null;
}
}
/**
* Adds the same handler for all of the specified attrs
* @param {String} attrs Pipe-separated list of attributes
* @param {Function} handler The method that will be applied
*/
function addHandle( attrs, handler ) {
var arr = attrs.split("|"),
i = arr.length;
while ( i-- ) {
Expr.attrHandle[ arr[i] ] = handler;
}
}
/**
* Checks document order of two siblings
* @param {Element} a
* @param {Element} b
* @returns {Number} Returns less than 0 if a precedes b, greater than 0 if a follows b
*/
function siblingCheck( a, b ) {
var cur = b && a,
diff = cur && a.nodeType === 1 && b.nodeType === 1 &&
a.sourceIndex - b.sourceIndex;
// Use IE sourceIndex if available on both nodes
if ( diff ) {
return diff;
}
// Check if b follows a
if ( cur ) {
while ( (cur = cur.nextSibling) ) {
if ( cur === b ) {
return -1;
}
}
}
return a ? 1 : -1;
}
/**
* Returns a function to use in pseudos for input types
* @param {String} type
*/
function createInputPseudo( type ) {
return function( elem ) {
var name = elem.nodeName.toLowerCase();
return name === "input" && elem.type === type;
};
}
/**
* Returns a function to use in pseudos for buttons
* @param {String} type
*/
function createButtonPseudo( type ) {
return function( elem ) {
var name = elem.nodeName.toLowerCase();
return (name === "input" || name === "button") && elem.type === type;
};
}
/**
* Returns a function to use in pseudos for :enabled/:disabled
* @param {Boolean} disabled true for :disabled; false for :enabled
*/
function createDisabledPseudo( disabled ) {
// Known :disabled false positives: fieldset[disabled] > legend:nth-of-type(n+2) :can-disable
return function( elem ) {
// Only certain elements can match :enabled or :disabled
// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/scripting.html#selector-enabled
// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/scripting.html#selector-disabled
if ( "form" in elem ) {
// Check for inherited disabledness on relevant non-disabled elements:
// * listed form-associated elements in a disabled fieldset
// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/forms.html#category-listed
// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/forms.html#concept-fe-disabled
// * option elements in a disabled optgroup
// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/forms.html#concept-option-disabled
// All such elements have a "form" property.
if ( elem.parentNode && elem.disabled === false ) {
// Option elements defer to a parent optgroup if present
if ( "label" in elem ) {
if ( "label" in elem.parentNode ) {
return elem.parentNode.disabled === disabled;
} else {
return elem.disabled === disabled;
}
}
// Support: IE 6 - 11
// Use the isDisabled shortcut property to check for disabled fieldset ancestors
return elem.isDisabled === disabled ||
// Where there is no isDisabled, check manually
/* jshint -W018 */
elem.isDisabled !== !disabled &&
disabledAncestor( elem ) === disabled;
}
return elem.disabled === disabled;
// Try to winnow out elements that can't be disabled before trusting the disabled property.
// Some victims get caught in our net (label, legend, menu, track), but it shouldn't
// even exist on them, let alone have a boolean value.
} else if ( "label" in elem ) {
return elem.disabled === disabled;
}
// Remaining elements are neither :enabled nor :disabled
return false;
};
}
/**
* Returns a function to use in pseudos for positionals
* @param {Function} fn
*/
function createPositionalPseudo( fn ) {
return markFunction(function( argument ) {
argument = +argument;
return markFunction(function( seed, matches ) {
var j,
matchIndexes = fn( [], seed.length, argument ),
i = matchIndexes.length;
// Match elements found at the specified indexes
while ( i-- ) {
if ( seed[ (j = matchIndexes[i]) ] ) {
seed[j] = !(matches[j] = seed[j]);
}
}
});
});
}
/**
* Checks a node for validity as a Sizzle context
* @param {Element|Object=} context
* @returns {Element|Object|Boolean} The input node if acceptable, otherwise a falsy value
*/
function testContext( context ) {
return context && typeof context.getElementsByTagName !== "undefined" && context;
}
// Expose support vars for convenience
support = Sizzle.support = {};
/**
* Detects XML nodes
* @param {Element|Object} elem An element or a document
* @returns {Boolean} True iff elem is a non-HTML XML node
*/
isXML = Sizzle.isXML = function( elem ) {
// documentElement is verified for cases where it doesn't yet exist
// (such as loading iframes in IE - #4833)
var documentElement = elem && (elem.ownerDocument || elem).documentElement;
return documentElement ? documentElement.nodeName !== "HTML" : false;
};
/**
* Sets document-related variables once based on the current document
* @param {Element|Object} [doc] An element or document object to use to set the document
* @returns {Object} Returns the current document
*/
setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) {
var hasCompare, subWindow,
doc = node ? node.ownerDocument || node : preferredDoc;
// Return early if doc is invalid or already selected
if ( doc === document || doc.nodeType !== 9 || !doc.documentElement ) {
return document;
}
// Update global variables
document = doc;
docElem = document.documentElement;
documentIsHTML = !isXML( document );
// Support: IE 9-11, Edge
// Accessing iframe documents after unload throws "permission denied" errors (jQuery #13936)
if ( preferredDoc !== document &&
(subWindow = document.defaultView) && subWindow.top !== subWindow ) {
// Support: IE 11, Edge
if ( subWindow.addEventListener ) {
subWindow.addEventListener( "unload", unloadHandler, false );
// Support: IE 9 - 10 only
} else if ( subWindow.attachEvent ) {
subWindow.attachEvent( "onunload", unloadHandler );
}
}
/* Attributes
---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Support: IE<8
// Verify that getAttribute really returns attributes and not properties
// (excepting IE8 booleans)
support.attributes = assert(function( el ) {
el.className = "i";
return !el.getAttribute("className");
});
/* getElement(s)By*
---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Check if getElementsByTagName("*") returns only elements
support.getElementsByTagName = assert(function( el ) {
el.appendChild( document.createComment("") );
return !el.getElementsByTagName("*").length;
});
// Support: IE<9
support.getElementsByClassName = rnative.test( document.getElementsByClassName );
// Support: IE<10
// Check if getElementById returns elements by name
// The broken getElementById methods don't pick up programmatically-set names,
// so use a roundabout getElementsByName test
support.getById = assert(function( el ) {
docElem.appendChild( el ).id = expando;
return !document.getElementsByName || !document.getElementsByName( expando ).length;
});
// ID filter and find
if ( support.getById ) {
Expr.filter["ID"] = function( id ) {
var attrId = id.replace( runescape, funescape );
return function( elem ) {
return elem.getAttribute("id") === attrId;
};
};
Expr.find["ID"] = function( id, context ) {
if ( typeof context.getElementById !== "undefined" && documentIsHTML ) {
var elem = context.getElementById( id );
return elem ? [ elem ] : [];
}
};
} else {
Expr.filter["ID"] = function( id ) {
var attrId = id.replace( runescape, funescape );
return function( elem ) {
var node = typeof elem.getAttributeNode !== "undefined" &&
elem.getAttributeNode("id");
return node && node.value === attrId;
};
};
// Support: IE 6 - 7 only
// getElementById is not reliable as a find shortcut
Expr.find["ID"] = function( id, context ) {
if ( typeof context.getElementById !== "undefined" && documentIsHTML ) {
var node, i, elems,
elem = context.getElementById( id );
if ( elem ) {
// Verify the id attribute
node = elem.getAttributeNode("id");
if ( node && node.value === id ) {
return [ elem ];
}
// Fall back on getElementsByName
elems = context.getElementsByName( id );
i = 0;
while ( (elem = elems[i++]) ) {
node = elem.getAttributeNode("id");
if ( node && node.value === id ) {
return [ elem ];
}
}
}
return [];
}
};
}
// Tag
Expr.find["TAG"] = support.getElementsByTagName ?
function( tag, context ) {
if ( typeof context.getElementsByTagName !== "undefined" ) {
return context.getElementsByTagName( tag );
// DocumentFragment nodes don't have gEBTN
} else if ( support.qsa ) {
return context.querySelectorAll( tag );
}
} :
function( tag, context ) {
var elem,
tmp = [],
i = 0,
// By happy coincidence, a (broken) gEBTN appears on DocumentFragment nodes too
results = context.getElementsByTagName( tag );
// Filter out possible comments
if ( tag === "*" ) {
while ( (elem = results[i++]) ) {
if ( elem.nodeType === 1 ) {
tmp.push( elem );
}
}
return tmp;
}
return results;
};
// Class
Expr.find["CLASS"] = support.getElementsByClassName && function( className, context ) {
if ( typeof context.getElementsByClassName !== "undefined" && documentIsHTML ) {
return context.getElementsByClassName( className );
}
};
/* QSA/matchesSelector
---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// QSA and matchesSelector support
// matchesSelector(:active) reports false when true (IE9/Opera 11.5)
rbuggyMatches = [];
// qSa(:focus) reports false when true (Chrome 21)
// We allow this because of a bug in IE8/9 that throws an error
// whenever `document.activeElement` is accessed on an iframe
// So, we allow :focus to pass through QSA all the time to avoid the IE error
// See https://bugs.jquery.com/ticket/13378
rbuggyQSA = [];
if ( (support.qsa = rnative.test( document.querySelectorAll )) ) {
// Build QSA regex
// Regex strategy adopted from Diego Perini
assert(function( el ) {
// Select is set to empty string on purpose
// This is to test IE's treatment of not explicitly
// setting a boolean content attribute,
// since its presence should be enough
// https://bugs.jquery.com/ticket/12359
docElem.appendChild( el ).innerHTML = "<a id='" + expando + "'></a>" +
"<select id='" + expando + "-\r\\' msallowcapture=''>" +
"<option selected=''></option></select>";
// Support: IE8, Opera 11-12.16
// Nothing should be selected when empty strings follow ^= or $= or *=
// The test attribute must be unknown in Opera but "safe" for WinRT
// https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ie/hh465388.aspx#attribute_section
if ( el.querySelectorAll("[msallowcapture^='']").length ) {
rbuggyQSA.push( "[*^$]=" + whitespace + "*(?:''|\"\")" );
}
// Support: IE8
// Boolean attributes and "value" are not treated correctly
if ( !el.querySelectorAll("[selected]").length ) {
rbuggyQSA.push( "\\[" + whitespace + "*(?:value|" + booleans + ")" );
}
// Support: Chrome<29, Android<4.4, Safari<7.0+, iOS<7.0+, PhantomJS<1.9.8+
if ( !el.querySelectorAll( "[id~=" + expando + "-]" ).length ) {
rbuggyQSA.push("~=");
}
// Webkit/Opera - :checked should return selected option elements
// http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-css3-selectors-20110929/#checked
// IE8 throws error here and will not see later tests
if ( !el.querySelectorAll(":checked").length ) {
rbuggyQSA.push(":checked");
}
// Support: Safari 8+, iOS 8+
// https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=136851
// In-page `selector#id sibling-combinator selector` fails
if ( !el.querySelectorAll( "a#" + expando + "+*" ).length ) {
rbuggyQSA.push(".#.+[+~]");
}
});
assert(function( el ) {
el.innerHTML = "<a href='' disabled='disabled'></a>" +
"<select disabled='disabled'><option/></select>";
// Support: Windows 8 Native Apps
// The type and name attributes are restricted during .innerHTML assignment
var input = document.createElement("input");
input.setAttribute( "type", "hidden" );
el.appendChild( input ).setAttribute( "name", "D" );
// Support: IE8
// Enforce case-sensitivity of name attribute
if ( el.querySelectorAll("[name=d]").length ) {
rbuggyQSA.push( "name" + whitespace + "*[*^$|!~]?=" );
}
// FF 3.5 - :enabled/:disabled and hidden elements (hidden elements are still enabled)
// IE8 throws error here and will not see later tests
if ( el.querySelectorAll(":enabled").length !== 2 ) {
rbuggyQSA.push( ":enabled", ":disabled" );
}
// Support: IE9-11+
// IE's :disabled selector does not pick up the children of disabled fieldsets
docElem.appendChild( el ).disabled = true;
if ( el.querySelectorAll(":disabled").length !== 2 ) {
rbuggyQSA.push( ":enabled", ":disabled" );
}
// Opera 10-11 does not throw on post-comma invalid pseudos
el.querySelectorAll("*,:x");
rbuggyQSA.push(",.*:");
});
}
if ( (support.matchesSelector = rnative.test( (matches = docElem.matches ||
docElem.webkitMatchesSelector ||
docElem.mozMatchesSelector ||
docElem.oMatchesSelector ||
docElem.msMatchesSelector) )) ) {
assert(function( el ) {
// Check to see if it's possible to do matchesSelector
// on a disconnected node (IE 9)
support.disconnectedMatch = matches.call( el, "*" );
// This should fail with an exception
// Gecko does not error, returns false instead
matches.call( el, "[s!='']:x" );
rbuggyMatches.push( "!=", pseudos );
});
}
rbuggyQSA = rbuggyQSA.length && new RegExp( rbuggyQSA.join("|") );
rbuggyMatches = rbuggyMatches.length && new RegExp( rbuggyMatches.join("|") );
/* Contains
---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
hasCompare = rnative.test( docElem.compareDocumentPosition );
// Element contains another
// Purposefully self-exclusive
// As in, an element does not contain itself
contains = hasCompare || rnative.test( docElem.contains ) ?
function( a, b ) {
var adown = a.nodeType === 9 ? a.documentElement : a,
bup = b && b.parentNode;
return a === bup || !!( bup && bup.nodeType === 1 && (
adown.contains ?
adown.contains( bup ) :
a.compareDocumentPosition && a.compareDocumentPosition( bup ) & 16
));
} :
function( a, b ) {
if ( b ) {
while ( (b = b.parentNode) ) {
if ( b === a ) {
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
};
/* Sorting
---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
// Document order sorting
sortOrder = hasCompare ?
function( a, b ) {
// Flag for duplicate removal
if ( a === b ) {
hasDuplicate = true;
return 0;
}
// Sort on method existence if only one input has compareDocumentPosition
var compare = !a.compareDocumentPosition - !b.compareDocumentPosition;
if ( compare ) {
return compare;
}
// Calculate position if both inputs belong to the same document
compare = ( a.ownerDocument || a ) === ( b.ownerDocument || b ) ?
a.compareDocumentPosition( b ) :
// Otherwise we know they are disconnected
1;
// Disconnected nodes
if ( compare & 1 ||
(!support.sortDetached && b.compareDocumentPosition( a ) === compare) ) {
// Choose the first element that is related to our preferred document
if ( a === document || a.ownerDocument === preferredDoc && contains(preferredDoc, a) ) {
return -1;
}
if ( b === document || b.ownerDocument === preferredDoc && contains(preferredDoc, b) ) {
return 1;
}
// Maintain original order
return sortInput ?
( indexOf( sortInput, a ) - indexOf( sortInput, b ) ) :
0;
}
return compare & 4 ? -1 : 1;
} :
function( a, b ) {
// Exit early if the nodes are identical
if ( a === b ) {
hasDuplicate = true;
return 0;
}
var cur,
i = 0,
aup = a.parentNode,
bup = b.parentNode,
ap = [ a ],
bp = [ b ];
// Parentless nodes are either documents or disconnected
if ( !aup || !bup ) {
return a === document ? -1 :
b === document ? 1 :
aup ? -1 :
bup ? 1 :
sortInput ?
( indexOf( sortInput, a ) - indexOf( sortInput, b ) ) :
0;
// If the nodes are siblings, we can do a quick check
} else if ( aup === bup ) {
return siblingCheck( a, b );
}
// Otherwise we need full lists of their ancestors for comparison
cur = a;
while ( (cur = cur.parentNode) ) {
ap.unshift( cur );
}
cur = b;
while ( (cur = cur.parentNode) ) {
bp.unshift( cur );
}
// Walk down the tree looking for a discrepancy
while ( ap[i] === bp[i] ) {
i++;
}
return i ?
// Do a sibling check if the nodes have a common ancestor
siblingCheck( ap[i], bp[i] ) :
// Otherwise nodes in our document sort first
ap[i] === preferredDoc ? -1 :
bp[i] === preferredDoc ? 1 :
0;
};
return document;
};
Sizzle.matches = function( expr, elements ) {
return Sizzle( expr, null, null, elements );
};
Sizzle.matchesSelector = function( elem, expr ) {
// Set document vars if needed
if ( ( elem.ownerDocument || elem ) !== document ) {
setDocument( elem );
}
// Make sure that attribute selectors are quoted
expr = expr.replace( rattributeQuotes, "='$1']" );
if ( support.matchesSelector && documentIsHTML &&
!compilerCache[ expr + " " ] &&
( !rbuggyMatches || !rbuggyMatches.test( expr ) ) &&
( !rbuggyQSA || !rbuggyQSA.test( expr ) ) ) {
try {
var ret = matches.call( elem, expr );
// IE 9's matchesSelector returns false on disconnected nodes
if ( ret || support.disconnectedMatch ||
// As well, disconnected nodes are said to be in a document
// fragment in IE 9
elem.document && elem.document.nodeType !== 11 ) {
return ret;
}
} catch (e) {}
}
return Sizzle( expr, document, null, [ elem ] ).length > 0;
};
Sizzle.contains = function( context, elem ) {
// Set document vars if needed
if ( ( context.ownerDocument || context ) !== document ) {
setDocument( context );
}
return contains( context, elem );
};
Sizzle.attr = function( elem, name ) {
// Set document vars if needed
if ( ( elem.ownerDocument || elem ) !== document ) {
setDocument( elem );
}
var fn = Expr.attrHandle[ name.toLowerCase() ],
// Don't get fooled by Object.prototype properties (jQuery #13807)
val = fn && hasOwn.call( Expr.attrHandle, name.toLowerCase() ) ?
fn( elem, name, !documentIsHTML ) :
undefined;
return val !== undefined ?
val :
support.attributes || !documentIsHTML ?
elem.getAttribute( name ) :
(val = elem.getAttributeNode(name)) && val.specified ?
val.value :
null;
};
Sizzle.escape = function( sel ) {
return (sel + "").replace( rcssescape, fcssescape );
};
Sizzle.error = function( msg ) {
throw new Error( "Syntax error, unrecognized expression: " + msg );
};
/**
* Document sorting and removing duplicates
* @param {ArrayLike} results
*/
Sizzle.uniqueSort = function( results ) {
var elem,
duplicates = [],
j = 0,
i = 0;
// Unless we *know* we can detect duplicates, assume their presence
hasDuplicate = !support.detectDuplicates;
sortInput = !support.sortStable && results.slice( 0 );
results.sort( sortOrder );
if ( hasDuplicate ) {
while ( (elem = results[i++]) ) {
if ( elem === results[ i ] ) {
j = duplicates.push( i );
}
}
while ( j-- ) {
results.splice( duplicates[ j ], 1 );
}
}
// Clear input after sorting to release objects
// See https://github.com/jquery/sizzle/pull/225
sortInput = null;
return results;
};
/**
* Utility function for retrieving the text value of an array of DOM nodes
* @param {Array|Element} elem
*/
getText = Sizzle.getText = function( elem ) {
var node,
ret = "",
i = 0,
nodeType = elem.nodeType;
if ( !nodeType ) {
// If no nodeType, this is expected to be an array
while ( (node = elem[i++]) ) {
// Do not traverse comment nodes
ret += getText( node );
}
} else if ( nodeType === 1 || nodeType === 9 || nodeType === 11 ) {
// Use textContent for elements
// innerText usage removed for consistency of new lines (jQuery #11153)
if ( typeof elem.textContent === "string" ) {
return elem.textContent;
} else {
// Traverse its children
for ( elem = elem.firstChild; elem; elem = elem.nextSibling ) {
ret += getText( elem );
}
}
} else if ( nodeType === 3 || nodeType === 4 ) {
return elem.nodeValue;
}
// Do not include comment or processing instruction nodes
return ret;
};
Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
// Can be adjusted by the user
cacheLength: 50,
createPseudo: markFunction,
match: matchExpr,
attrHandle: {},
find: {},
relative: {
">": { dir: "parentNode", first: true },
" ": { dir: "parentNode" },
"+": { dir: "previousSibling", first: true },
"~": { dir: "previousSibling" }
},
preFilter: {
"ATTR": function( match ) {
match[1] = match[1].replace( runescape, funescape );
// Move the given value to match[3] whether quoted or unquoted
match[3] = ( match[3] || match[4] || match[5] || "" ).replace( runescape, funescape );
if ( match[2] === "~=" ) {
match[3] = " " + match[3] + " ";
}
return match.slice( 0, 4 );
},
"CHILD": function( match ) {
/* matches from matchExpr["CHILD"]
1 type (only|nth|...)
2 what (child|of-type)
3 argument (even|odd|\d*|\d*n([+-]\d+)?|...)
4 xn-component of xn+y argument ([+-]?\d*n|)
5 sign of xn-component
6 x of xn-component
7 sign of y-component
8 y of y-component
*/
match[1] = match[1].toLowerCase();
if ( match[1].slice( 0, 3 ) === "nth" ) {
// nth-* requires argument
if ( !match[3] ) {
Sizzle.error( match[0] );
}
// numeric x and y parameters for Expr.filter.CHILD
// remember that false/true cast respectively to 0/1
match[4] = +( match[4] ? match[5] + (match[6] || 1) : 2 * ( match[3] === "even" || match[3] === "odd" ) );
match[5] = +( ( match[7] + match[8] ) || match[3] === "odd" );
// other types prohibit arguments
} else if ( match[3] ) {
Sizzle.error( match[0] );
}
return match;
},
"PSEUDO": function( match ) {
var excess,
unquoted = !match[6] && match[2];
if ( matchExpr["CHILD"].test( match[0] ) ) {
return null;
}
// Accept quoted arguments as-is
if ( match[3] ) {
match[2] = match[4] || match[5] || "";
// Strip excess characters from unquoted arguments
} else if ( unquoted && rpseudo.test( unquoted ) &&
// Get excess from tokenize (recursively)
(excess = tokenize( unquoted, true )) &&
// advance to the next closing parenthesis
(excess = unquoted.indexOf( ")", unquoted.length - excess ) - unquoted.length) ) {
// excess is a negative index
match[0] = match[0].slice( 0, excess );
match[2] = unquoted.slice( 0, excess );
}
// Return only captures needed by the pseudo filter method (type and argument)
return match.slice( 0, 3 );
}
},
filter: {
"TAG": function( nodeNameSelector ) {
var nodeName = nodeNameSelector.replace( runescape, funescape ).toLowerCase();
return nodeNameSelector === "*" ?
function() { return true; } :
function( elem ) {
return elem.nodeName && elem.nodeName.toLowerCase() === nodeName;
};
},
"CLASS": function( className ) {
var pattern = classCache[ className + " " ];
return pattern ||
(pattern = new RegExp( "(^|" + whitespace + ")" + className + "(" + whitespace + "|$)" )) &&
classCache( className, function( elem ) {
return pattern.test( typeof elem.className === "string" && elem.className || typeof elem.getAttribute !== "undefined" && elem.getAttribute("class") || "" );
});
},
"ATTR": function( name, operator, check ) {
return function( elem ) {
var result = Sizzle.attr( elem, name );
if ( result == null ) {
return operator === "!=";
}
if ( !operator ) {
return true;
}
result += "";
return operator === "=" ? result === check :
operator === "!=" ? result !== check :
operator === "^=" ? check && result.indexOf( check ) === 0 :
operator === "*=" ? check && result.indexOf( check ) > -1 :
operator === "$=" ? check && result.slice( -check.length ) === check :
operator === "~=" ? ( " " + result.replace( rwhitespace, " " ) + " " ).indexOf( check ) > -1 :
operator === "|=" ? result === check || result.slice( 0, check.length + 1 ) === check + "-" :
false;
};
},
"CHILD": function( type, what, argument, first, last ) {
var simple = type.slice( 0, 3 ) !== "nth",
forward = type.slice( -4 ) !== "last",
ofType = what === "of-type";
return first === 1 && last === 0 ?
// Shortcut for :nth-*(n)
function( elem ) {
return !!elem.parentNode;
} :
function( elem, context, xml ) {
var cache, uniqueCache, outerCache, node, nodeIndex, start,
dir = simple !== forward ? "nextSibling" : "previousSibling",
parent = elem.parentNode,
name = ofType && elem.nodeName.toLowerCase(),
useCache = !xml && !ofType,
diff = false;
if ( parent ) {
// :(first|last|only)-(child|of-type)
if ( simple ) {
while ( dir ) {
node = elem;
while ( (node = node[ dir ]) ) {
if ( ofType ?
node.nodeName.toLowerCase() === name :
node.nodeType === 1 ) {
return false;
}
}
// Reverse direction for :only-* (if we haven't yet done so)
start = dir = type === "only" && !start && "nextSibling";
}
return true;
}
start = [ forward ? parent.firstChild : parent.lastChild ];
// non-xml :nth-child(...) stores cache data on `parent`
if ( forward && useCache ) {
// Seek `elem` from a previously-cached index
// ...in a gzip-friendly way
node = parent;
outerCache = node[ expando ] || (node[ expando ] = {});
// Support: IE <9 only
// Defend against cloned attroperties (jQuery gh-1709)
uniqueCache = outerCache[ node.uniqueID ] ||
(outerCache[ node.uniqueID ] = {});
cache = uniqueCache[ type ] || [];
nodeIndex = cache[ 0 ] === dirruns && cache[ 1 ];
diff = nodeIndex && cache[ 2 ];
node = nodeIndex && parent.childNodes[ nodeIndex ];
while ( (node = ++nodeIndex && node && node[ dir ] ||
// Fallback to seeking `elem` from the start
(diff = nodeIndex = 0) || start.pop()) ) {
// When found, cache indexes on `parent` and break
if ( node.nodeType === 1 && ++diff && node === elem ) {
uniqueCache[ type ] = [ dirruns, nodeIndex, diff ];
break;
}
}
} else {
// Use previously-cached element index if available
if ( useCache ) {
// ...in a gzip-friendly way
node = elem;
outerCache = node[ expando ] || (node[ expando ] = {});
// Support: IE <9 only
// Defend against cloned attroperties (jQuery gh-1709)
uniqueCache = outerCache[ node.uniqueID ] ||
(outerCache[ node.uniqueID ] = {});
cache = uniqueCache[ type ] || [];
nodeIndex = cache[ 0 ] === dirruns && cache[ 1 ];
diff = nodeIndex;
}
// xml :nth-child(...)
// or :nth-last-child(...) or :nth(-last)?-of-type(...)
if ( diff === false ) {
// Use the same loop as above to seek `elem` from the start
while ( (node = ++nodeIndex && node && node[ dir ] ||
(diff = nodeIndex = 0) || start.pop()) ) {
if ( ( ofType ?
node.nodeName.toLowerCase() === name :
node.nodeType === 1 ) &&
++diff ) {
// Cache the index of each encountered element
if ( useCache ) {
outerCache = node[ expando ] || (node[ expando ] = {});
// Support: IE <9 only
// Defend against cloned attroperties (jQuery gh-1709)
uniqueCache = outerCache[ node.uniqueID ] ||
(outerCache[ node.uniqueID ] = {});
uniqueCache[ type ] = [ dirruns, diff ];
}
if ( node === elem ) {
break;
}
}
}
}
}
// Incorporate the offset, then check against cycle size
diff -= last;
return diff === first || ( diff % first === 0 && diff / first >= 0 );
}
};
},
"PSEUDO": function( pseudo, argument ) {
// pseudo-class names are case-insensitive
// http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors/#pseudo-classes
// Prioritize by case sensitivity in case custom pseudos are added with uppercase letters
// Remember that setFilters inherits from pseudos
var args,
fn = Expr.pseudos[ pseudo ] || Expr.setFilters[ pseudo.toLowerCase() ] ||
Sizzle.error( "unsupported pseudo: " + pseudo );
// The user may use createPseudo to indicate that
// arguments are needed to create the filter function
// just as Sizzle does
if ( fn[ expando ] ) {
return fn( argument );
}
// But maintain support for old signatures
if ( fn.length > 1 ) {
args = [ pseudo, pseudo, "", argument ];
return Expr.setFilters.hasOwnProperty( pseudo.toLowerCase() ) ?
markFunction(function( seed, matches ) {
var idx,
matched = fn( seed, argument ),
i = matched.length;
while ( i-- ) {
idx = indexOf( seed, matched[i] );
seed[ idx ] = !( matches[ idx ] = matched[i] );
}
}) :
function( elem ) {
return fn( elem, 0, args );
};
}
return fn;
}
},
pseudos: {
// Potentially complex pseudos
"not": markFunction(function( selector ) {
// Trim the selector passed to compile
// to avoid treating leading and trailing
// spaces as combinators
var input = [],
results = [],
matcher = compile( selector.replace( rtrim, "$1" ) );
return matcher[ expando ] ?
markFunction(function( seed, matches, context, xml ) {
var elem,
unmatched = matcher( seed, null, xml, [] ),
i = seed.length;
// Match elements unmatched by `matcher`
while ( i-- ) {
if ( (elem = unmatched[i]) ) {
seed[i] = !(matches[i] = elem);
}
}
}) :
function( elem, context, xml ) {
input[0] = elem;
matcher( input, null, xml, results );
// Don't keep the element (issue #299)
input[0] = null;
return !results.pop();
};
}),
"has": markFunction(function( selector ) {
return function( elem ) {
return Sizzle( selector, elem ).length > 0;
};
}),
"contains": markFunction(function( text ) {
text = text.replace( runescape, funescape );
return function( elem ) {
return ( elem.textContent || elem.innerText || getText( elem ) ).indexOf( text ) > -1;
};
}),
// "Whether an element is represented by a :lang() selector
// is based solely on the element's language value
// being equal to the identifier C,
// or beginning with the identifier C immediately followed by "-".
// The matching of C against the element's language value is performed case-insensitively.
// The identifier C does not have to be a valid language name."
// http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors/#lang-pseudo
"lang": markFunction( function( lang ) {
// lang value must be a valid identifier
if ( !ridentifier.test(lang || "") ) {
Sizzle.error( "unsupported lang: " + lang );
}
lang = lang.replace( runescape, funescape ).toLowerCase();
return function( elem ) {
var elemLang;
do {
if ( (elemLang = documentIsHTML ?
elem.lang :
elem.getAttribute("xml:lang") || elem.getAttribute("lang")) ) {
elemLang = elemLang.toLowerCase();
return elemLang === lang || elemLang.indexOf( lang + "-" ) === 0;
}
} while ( (elem = elem.parentNode) && elem.nodeType === 1 );
return false;
};
}),
// Miscellaneous
"target": function( elem ) {
var hash = window.location && window.location.hash;
return hash && hash.slice( 1 ) === elem.id;
},
"root": function( elem ) {
return elem === docElem;
},
"focus": function( elem ) {
return elem === document.activeElement && (!document.hasFocus || document.hasFocus()) && !!(elem.type || elem.href || ~elem.tabIndex);
},
// Boolean properties
"enabled": createDisabledPseudo( false ),
"disabled": createDisabledPseudo( true ),
"checked": function( elem ) {
// In CSS3, :checked should return both checked and selected elements
// http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-css3-selectors-20110929/#checked
var nodeName = elem.nodeName.toLowerCase();
return (nodeName === "input" && !!elem.checked) || (nodeName === "option" && !!elem.selected);
},
"selected": function( elem ) {
// Accessing this property makes selected-by-default
// options in Safari work properly
if ( elem.parentNode ) {
elem.parentNode.selectedIndex;
}
return elem.selected === true;
},
// Contents
"empty": function( elem ) {
// http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors/#empty-pseudo
// :empty is negated by element (1) or content nodes (text: 3; cdata: 4; entity ref: 5),
// but not by others (comment: 8; processing instruction: 7; etc.)
// nodeType < 6 works because attributes (2) do not appear as children
for ( elem = elem.firstChild; elem; elem = elem.nextSibling ) {
if ( elem.nodeType < 6 ) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
},
"parent": function( elem ) {
return !Expr.pseudos["empty"]( elem );
},
// Element/input types
"header": function( elem ) {
return rheader.test( elem.nodeName );
},
"input": function( elem ) {
return rinputs.test( elem.nodeName );
},
"button": function( elem ) {
var name = elem.nodeName.toLowerCase();
return name === "input" && elem.type === "button" || name === "button";
},
"text": function( elem ) {
var attr;
return elem.nodeName.toLowerCase() === "input" &&
elem.type === "text" &&
// Support: IE<8
// New HTML5 attribute values (e.g., "search") appear with elem.type === "text"
( (attr = elem.getAttribute("type")) == null || attr.toLowerCase() === "text" );
},
// Position-in-collection
"first": createPositionalPseudo(function() {
return [ 0 ];
}),
"last": createPositionalPseudo(function( matchIndexes, length ) {
return [ length - 1 ];
}),
"eq": createPositionalPseudo(function( matchIndexes, length, argument ) {
return [ argument < 0 ? argument + length : argument ];
}),
"even": createPositionalPseudo(function( matchIndexes, length ) {
var i = 0;
for ( ; i < length; i += 2 ) {
matchIndexes.push( i );
}
return matchIndexes;
}),
"odd": createPositionalPseudo(function( matchIndexes, length ) {
var i = 1;
for ( ; i < length; i += 2 ) {
matchIndexes.push( i );
}
return matchIndexes;
}),
"lt": createPositionalPseudo(function( matchIndexes, length, argument ) {
var i = argument < 0 ? argument + length : argument;
for ( ; --i >= 0; ) {
matchIndexes.push( i );
}
return matchIndexes;
}),
"gt": createPositionalPseudo(function( matchIndexes, length, argument ) {
var i = argument < 0 ? argument + length : argument;
for ( ; ++i < length; ) {
matchIndexes.push( i );
}
return matchIndexes;
})
}
};
Expr.pseudos["nth"] = Expr.pseudos["eq"];
// Add button/input type pseudos
for ( i in { radio: true, checkbox: true, file: true, password: true, image: true } ) {
Expr.pseudos[ i ] = createInputPseudo( i );
}
for ( i in { submit: true, reset: true } ) {
Expr.pseudos[ i ] = createButtonPseudo( i );
}
// Easy API for creating new setFilters
function setFilters() {}
setFilters.prototype = Expr.filters = Expr.pseudos;
Expr.setFilters = new setFilters();
tokenize = Sizzle.tokenize = function( selector, parseOnly ) {
var matched, match, tokens, type,
soFar, groups, preFilters,
cached = tokenCache[ selector + " " ];
if ( cached ) {
return parseOnly ? 0 : cached.slice( 0 );
}
soFar = selector;
groups = [];
preFilters = Expr.preFilter;
while ( soFar ) {
// Comma and first run
if ( !matched || (match = rcomma.exec( soFar )) ) {
if ( match ) {
// Don't consume trailing commas as valid
soFar = soFar.slice( match[0].length ) || soFar;
}
groups.push( (tokens = []) );
}
matched = false;
// Combinators
if ( (match = rcombinators.exec( soFar )) ) {
matched = match.shift();
tokens.push({
value: matched,
// Cast descendant combinators to space
type: match[0].replace( rtrim, " " )
});
soFar = soFar.slice( matched.length );
}
// Filters
for ( type in Expr.filter ) {
if ( (match = matchExpr[ type ].exec( soFar )) && (!preFilters[ type ] ||
(match = preFilters[ type ]( match ))) ) {
matched = match.shift();
tokens.push({
value: matched,
type: type,
matches: match
});
soFar = soFar.slice( matched.length );
}
}
if ( !matched ) {
break;
}
}
// Return the length of the invalid excess
// if we're just parsing
// Otherwise, throw an error or return tokens
return parseOnly ?
soFar.length :
soFar ?
Sizzle.error( selector ) :
// Cache the tokens
tokenCache( selector, groups ).slice( 0 );
};
function toSelector( tokens ) {
var i = 0,
len = tokens.length,
selector = "";
for ( ; i < len; i++ ) {
selector += tokens[i].value;
}
return selector;
}
function addCombinator( matcher, combinator, base ) {
var dir = combinator.dir,
skip = combinator.next,
key = skip || dir,
checkNonElements = base && key === "parentNode",
doneName = done++;
return combinator.first ?
// Check against closest ancestor/preceding element
function( elem, context, xml ) {
while ( (elem = elem[ dir ]) ) {
if ( elem.nodeType === 1 || checkNonElements ) {
return matcher( elem, context, xml );
}
}
return false;
} :
// Check against all ancestor/preceding elements
function( elem, context, xml ) {
var oldCache, uniqueCache, outerCache,
newCache = [ dirruns, doneName ];
// We can't set arbitrary data on XML nodes, so they don't benefit from combinator caching
if ( xml ) {
while ( (elem = elem[ dir ]) ) {
if ( elem.nodeType === 1 || checkNonElements ) {
if ( matcher( elem, context, xml ) ) {
return true;
}
}
}
} else {
while ( (elem = elem[ dir ]) ) {
if ( elem.nodeType === 1 || checkNonElements ) {
outerCache = elem[ expando ] || (elem[ expando ] = {});
// Support: IE <9 only
// Defend against cloned attroperties (jQuery gh-1709)
uniqueCache = outerCache[ elem.uniqueID ] || (outerCache[ elem.uniqueID ] = {});
if ( skip && skip === elem.nodeName.toLowerCase() ) {
elem = elem[ dir ] || elem;
} else if ( (oldCache = uniqueCache[ key ]) &&
oldCache[ 0 ] === dirruns && oldCache[ 1 ] === doneName ) {
// Assign to newCache so results back-propagate to previous elements
return (newCache[ 2 ] = oldCache[ 2 ]);
} else {
// Reuse newcache so results back-propagate to previous elements
uniqueCache[ key ] = newCache;
// A match means we're done; a fail means we have to keep checking
if ( (newCache[ 2 ] = matcher( elem, context, xml )) ) {
return true;
}
}
}
}
}
return false;
};
}
function elementMatcher( matchers ) {
return matchers.length > 1 ?
function( elem, context, xml ) {
var i = matchers.length;
while ( i-- ) {
if ( !matchers[i]( elem, context, xml ) ) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
} :
matchers[0];
}
function multipleContexts( selector, contexts, results ) {
var i = 0,
len = contexts.length;
for ( ; i < len; i++ ) {
Sizzle( selector, contexts[i], results );
}
return results;
}
function condense( unmatched, map, filter, context, xml ) {
var elem,
newUnmatched = [],
i = 0,
len = unmatched.length,
mapped = map != null;
for ( ; i < len; i++ ) {
if ( (elem = unmatched[i]) ) {
if ( !filter || filter( elem, context, xml ) ) {
newUnmatched.push( elem );
if ( mapped ) {
map.push( i );
}
}
}
}
return newUnmatched;
}
function setMatcher( preFilter, selector, matcher, postFilter, postFinder, postSelector ) {
if ( postFilter && !postFilter[ expando ] ) {
postFilter = setMatcher( postFilter );
}
if ( postFinder && !postFinder[ expando ] ) {
postFinder = setMatcher( postFinder, postSelector );
}
return markFunction(function( seed, results, context, xml ) {
var temp, i, elem,
preMap = [],
postMap = [],
preexisting = results.length,
// Get initial elements from seed or context
elems = seed || multipleContexts( selector || "*", context.nodeType ? [ context ] : context, [] ),
// Prefilter to get matcher input, preserving a map for seed-results synchronization
matcherIn = preFilter && ( seed || !selector ) ?
condense( elems, preMap, preFilter, context, xml ) :
elems,
matcherOut = matcher ?
// If we have a postFinder, or filtered seed, or non-seed postFilter or preexisting results,
postFinder || ( seed ? preFilter : preexisting || postFilter ) ?
// ...intermediate processing is necessary
[] :
// ...otherwise use results directly
results :
matcherIn;
// Find primary matches
if ( matcher ) {
matcher( matcherIn, matcherOut, context, xml );
}
// Apply postFilter
if ( postFilter ) {
temp = condense( matcherOut, postMap );
postFilter( temp, [], context, xml );
// Un-match failing elements by moving them back to matcherIn
i = temp.length;
while ( i-- ) {
if ( (elem = temp[i]) ) {
matcherOut[ postMap[i] ] = !(matcherIn[ postMap[i] ] = elem);
}
}
}
if ( seed ) {
if ( postFinder || preFilter ) {
if ( postFinder ) {
// Get the final matcherOut by condensing this intermediate into postFinder contexts
temp = [];
i = matcherOut.length;
while ( i-- ) {
if ( (elem = matcherOut[i]) ) {
// Restore matcherIn since elem is not yet a final match
temp.push( (matcherIn[i] = elem) );
}
}
postFinder( null, (matcherOut = []), temp, xml );
}
// Move matched elements from seed to results to keep them synchronized
i = matcherOut.length;
while ( i-- ) {
if ( (elem = matcherOut[i]) &&
(temp = postFinder ? indexOf( seed, elem ) : preMap[i]) > -1 ) {
seed[temp] = !(results[temp] = elem);
}
}
}
// Add elements to results, through postFinder if defined
} else {
matcherOut = condense(
matcherOut === results ?
matcherOut.splice( preexisting, matcherOut.length ) :
matcherOut
);
if ( postFinder ) {
postFinder( null, results, matcherOut, xml );
} else {
push.apply( results, matcherOut );
}
}
});
}
function matcherFromTokens( tokens ) {
var checkContext, matcher, j,
len = tokens.length,
leadingRelative = Expr.relative[ tokens[0].type ],
implicitRelative = leadingRelative || Expr.relative[" "],
i = leadingRelative ? 1 : 0,
// The foundational matcher ensures that elements are reachable from top-level context(s)
matchContext = addCombinator( function( elem ) {
return elem === checkContext;
}, implicitRelative, true ),
matchAnyContext = addCombinator( function( elem ) {
return indexOf( checkContext, elem ) > -1;
}, implicitRelative, true ),
matchers = [ function( elem, context, xml ) {
var ret = ( !leadingRelative && ( xml || context !== outermostContext ) ) || (
(checkContext = context).nodeType ?
matchContext( elem, context, xml ) :
matchAnyContext( elem, context, xml ) );
// Avoid hanging onto element (issue #299)
checkContext = null;
return ret;
} ];
for ( ; i < len; i++ ) {
if ( (matcher = Expr.relative[ tokens[i].type ]) ) {
matchers = [ addCombinator(elementMatcher( matchers ), matcher) ];
} else {
matcher = Expr.filter[ tokens[i].type ].apply( null, tokens[i].matches );
// Return special upon seeing a positional matcher
if ( matcher[ expando ] ) {
// Find the next relative operator (if any) for proper handling
j = ++i;
for ( ; j < len; j++ ) {
if ( Expr.relative[ tokens[j].type ] ) {
break;
}
}
return setMatcher(
i > 1 && elementMatcher( matchers ),
i > 1 && toSelector(
// If the preceding token was a descendant combinator, insert an implicit any-element `*`
tokens.slice( 0, i - 1 ).concat({ value: tokens[ i - 2 ].type === " " ? "*" : "" })
).replace( rtrim, "$1" ),
matcher,
i < j && matcherFromTokens( tokens.slice( i, j ) ),
j < len && matcherFromTokens( (tokens = tokens.slice( j )) ),
j < len && toSelector( tokens )
);
}
matchers.push( matcher );
}
}
return elementMatcher( matchers );
}
function matcherFromGroupMatchers( elementMatchers, setMatchers ) {
var bySet = setMatchers.length > 0,
byElement = elementMatchers.length > 0,
superMatcher = function( seed, context, xml, results, outermost ) {
var elem, j, matcher,
matchedCount = 0,
i = "0",
unmatched = seed && [],
setMatched = [],
contextBackup = outermostContext,
// We must always have either seed elements or outermost context
elems = seed || byElement && Expr.find["TAG"]( "*", outermost ),
// Use integer dirruns iff this is the outermost matcher
dirrunsUnique = (dirruns += contextBackup == null ? 1 : Math.random() || 0.1),
len = elems.length;
if ( outermost ) {
outermostContext = context === document || context || outermost;
}
// Add elements passing elementMatchers directly to results
// Support: IE<9, Safari
// Tolerate NodeList properties (IE: "length"; Safari: <number>) matching elements by id
for ( ; i !== len && (elem = elems[i]) != null; i++ ) {
if ( byElement && elem ) {
j = 0;
if ( !context && elem.ownerDocument !== document ) {
setDocument( elem );
xml = !documentIsHTML;
}
while ( (matcher = elementMatchers[j++]) ) {
if ( matcher( elem, context || document, xml) ) {
results.push( elem );
break;
}
}
if ( outermost ) {
dirruns = dirrunsUnique;
}
}
// Track unmatched elements for set filters
if ( bySet ) {
// They will have gone through all possible matchers
if ( (elem = !matcher && elem) ) {
matchedCount--;
}
// Lengthen the array for every element, matched or not
if ( seed ) {
unmatched.push( elem );
}
}
}
// `i` is now the count of elements visited above, and adding it to `matchedCount`
// makes the latter nonnegative.
matchedCount += i;
// Apply set filters to unmatched elements
// NOTE: This can be skipped if there are no unmatched elements (i.e., `matchedCount`
// equals `i`), unless we didn't visit _any_ elements in the above loop because we have
// no element matchers and no seed.
// Incrementing an initially-string "0" `i` allows `i` to remain a string only in that
// case, which will result in a "00" `matchedCount` that differs from `i` but is also
// numerically zero.
if ( bySet && i !== matchedCount ) {
j = 0;
while ( (matcher = setMatchers[j++]) ) {
matcher( unmatched, setMatched, context, xml );
}
if ( seed ) {
// Reintegrate element matches to eliminate the need for sorting
if ( matchedCount > 0 ) {
while ( i-- ) {
if ( !(unmatched[i] || setMatched[i]) ) {
setMatched[i] = pop.call( results );
}
}
}
// Discard index placeholder values to get only actual matches
setMatched = condense( setMatched );
}
// Add matches to results
push.apply( results, setMatched );
// Seedless set matches succeeding multiple successful matchers stipulate sorting
if ( outermost && !seed && setMatched.length > 0 &&
( matchedCount + setMatchers.length ) > 1 ) {
Sizzle.uniqueSort( results );
}
}
// Override manipulation of globals by nested matchers
if ( outermost ) {
dirruns = dirrunsUnique;
outermostContext = contextBackup;
}
return unmatched;
};
return bySet ?
markFunction( superMatcher ) :
superMatcher;
}
compile = Sizzle.compile = function( selector, match /* Internal Use Only */ ) {
var i,
setMatchers = [],
elementMatchers = [],
cached = compilerCache[ selector + " " ];
if ( !cached ) {
// Generate a function of recursive functions that can be used to check each element
if ( !match ) {
match = tokenize( selector );
}
i = match.length;
while ( i-- ) {
cached = matcherFromTokens( match[i] );
if ( cached[ expando ] ) {
setMatchers.push( cached );
} else {
elementMatchers.push( cached );
}
}
// Cache the compiled function
cached = compilerCache( selector, matcherFromGroupMatchers( elementMatchers, setMatchers ) );
// Save selector and tokenization
cached.selector = selector;
}
return cached;
};
/**
* A low-level selection function that works with Sizzle's compiled
* selector functions
* @param {String|Function} selector A selector or a pre-compiled
* selector function built with Sizzle.compile
* @param {Element} context
* @param {Array} [results]
* @param {Array} [seed] A set of elements to match against
*/
select = Sizzle.select = function( selector, context, results, seed ) {
var i, tokens, token, type, find,
compiled = typeof selector === "function" && selector,
match = !seed && tokenize( (selector = compiled.selector || selector) );
results = results || [];
// Try to minimize operations if there is only one selector in the list and no seed
// (the latter of which guarantees us context)
if ( match.length === 1 ) {
// Reduce context if the leading compound selector is an ID
tokens = match[0] = match[0].slice( 0 );
if ( tokens.length > 2 && (token = tokens[0]).type === "ID" &&
context.nodeType === 9 && documentIsHTML && Expr.relative[ tokens[1].type ] ) {
context = ( Expr.find["ID"]( token.matches[0].replace(runescape, funescape), context ) || [] )[0];
if ( !context ) {
return results;
// Precompiled matchers will still verify ancestry, so step up a level
} else if ( compiled ) {
context = context.parentNode;
}
selector = selector.slice( tokens.shift().value.length );
}
// Fetch a seed set for right-to-left matching
i = matchExpr["needsContext"].test( selector ) ? 0 : tokens.length;
while ( i-- ) {
token = tokens[i];
// Abort if we hit a combinator
if ( Expr.relative[ (type = token.type) ] ) {
break;
}
if ( (find = Expr.find[ type ]) ) {
// Search, expanding context for leading sibling combinators
if ( (seed = find(
token.matches[0].replace( runescape, funescape ),
rsibling.test( tokens[0].type ) && testContext( context.parentNode ) || context
)) ) {
// If seed is empty or no tokens remain, we can return early
tokens.splice( i, 1 );
selector = seed.length && toSelector( tokens );
if ( !selector ) {
push.apply( results, seed );
return results;
}
break;
}
}
}
}
// Compile and execute a filtering function if one is not provided
// Provide `match` to avoid retokenization if we modified the selector above
( compiled || compile( selector, match ) )(
seed,
context,
!documentIsHTML,
results,
!context || rsibling.test( selector ) && testContext( context.parentNode ) || context
);
return results;
};
// One-time assignments
// Sort stability
support.sortStable = expando.split("").sort( sortOrder ).join("") === expando;
// Support: Chrome 14-35+
// Always assume duplicates if they aren't passed to the comparison function
support.detectDuplicates = !!hasDuplicate;
// Initialize against the default document
setDocument();
// Support: Webkit<537.32 - Safari 6.0.3/Chrome 25 (fixed in Chrome 27)
// Detached nodes confoundingly follow *each other*
support.sortDetached = assert(function( el ) {
// Should return 1, but returns 4 (following)
return el.compareDocumentPosition( document.createElement("fieldset") ) & 1;
});
// Support: IE<8
// Prevent attribute/property "interpolation"
// https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms536429%28VS.85%29.aspx
if ( !assert(function( el ) {
el.innerHTML = "<a href='#'></a>";
return el.firstChild.getAttribute("href") === "#" ;
}) ) {
addHandle( "type|href|height|width", function( elem, name, isXML ) {
if ( !isXML ) {
return elem.getAttribute( name, name.toLowerCase() === "type" ? 1 : 2 );
}
});
}
// Support: IE<9
// Use defaultValue in place of getAttribute("value")
if ( !support.attributes || !assert(function( el ) {
el.innerHTML = "<input/>";
el.firstChild.setAttribute( "value", "" );
return el.firstChild.getAttribute( "value" ) === "";
}) ) {
addHandle( "value", function( elem, name, isXML ) {
if ( !isXML && elem.nodeName.toLowerCase() === "input" ) {
return elem.defaultValue;
}
});
}
// Support: IE<9
// Use getAttributeNode to fetch booleans when getAttribute lies
if ( !assert(function( el ) {
return el.getAttribute("disabled") == null;
}) ) {
addHandle( booleans, function( elem, name, isXML ) {
var val;
if ( !isXML ) {
return elem[ name ] === true ? name.toLowerCase() :
(val = elem.getAttributeNode( name )) && val.specified ?
val.value :
null;
}
});
}
return Sizzle;
})( window );
jQuery.find = Sizzle;
jQuery.expr = Sizzle.selectors;
// Deprecated
jQuery.expr[ ":" ] = jQuery.expr.pseudos;
jQuery.uniqueSort = jQuery.unique = Sizzle.uniqueSort;
jQuery.text = Sizzle.getText;
jQuery.isXMLDoc = Sizzle.isXML;
jQuery.contains = Sizzle.contains;
jQuery.escapeSelector = Sizzle.escape;
var dir = function( elem, dir, until ) {
var matched = [],
truncate = until !== undefined;
while ( ( elem = elem[ dir ] ) && elem.nodeType !== 9 ) {
if ( elem.nodeType === 1 ) {
if ( truncate && jQuery( elem ).is( until ) ) {
break;
}
matched.push( elem );
}
}
return matched;
};
var siblings = function( n, elem ) {
var matched = [];
for ( ; n; n = n.nextSibling ) {
if ( n.nodeType === 1 && n !== elem ) {
matched.push( n );
}
}
return matched;
};
var rneedsContext = jQuery.expr.match.needsContext;
function nodeName( elem, name ) {
return elem.nodeName && elem.nodeName.toLowerCase() === name.toLowerCase();
};
var rsingleTag = ( /^<([a-z][^\/\0>:\x20\t\r\n\f]*)[\x20\t\r\n\f]*\/?>(?:<\/\1>|)$/i );
var risSimple = /^.[^:#\[\.,]*$/;
// Implement the identical functionality for filter and not
function winnow( elements, qualifier, not ) {
if ( jQuery.isFunction( qualifier ) ) {
return jQuery.grep( elements, function( elem, i ) {
return !!qualifier.call( elem, i, elem ) !== not;
} );
}
// Single element
if ( qualifier.nodeType ) {
return jQuery.grep( elements, function( elem ) {
return ( elem === qualifier ) !== not;
} );
}
// Arraylike of elements (jQuery, arguments, Array)
if ( typeof qualifier !== "string" ) {
return jQuery.grep( elements, function( elem ) {
return ( indexOf.call( qualifier, elem ) > -1 ) !== not;
} );
}
// Simple selector that can be filtered directly, removing non-Elements
if ( risSimple.test( qualifier ) ) {
return jQuery.filter( qualifier, elements, not );
}
// Complex selector, compare the two sets, removing non-Elements
qualifier = jQuery.filter( qualifier, elements );
return jQuery.grep( elements, function( elem ) {
return ( indexOf.call( qualifier, elem ) > -1 ) !== not && elem.nodeType === 1;
} );
}
jQuery.filter = function( expr, elems, not ) {
var elem = elems[ 0 ];
if ( not ) {
expr = ":not(" + expr + ")";
}
if ( elems.length === 1 && elem.nodeType === 1 ) {
return jQuery.find.matchesSelector( elem, expr ) ? [ elem ] : [];
}
return jQuery.find.matches( expr, jQuery.grep( elems, function( elem ) {
return elem.nodeType === 1;
} ) );
};
jQuery.fn.extend( {
find: function( selector ) {
var i, ret,
len = this.length,
self = this;
if ( typeof selector !== "string" ) {
return this.pushStack( jQuery( selector ).filter( function() {
for ( i = 0; i < len; i++ ) {
if ( jQuery.contains( self[ i ], this ) ) {
return true;
}
}
} ) );
}
ret = this.pushStack( [] );
for ( i = 0; i < len; i++ ) {
jQuery.find( selector, self[ i ], ret );
}
return len > 1 ? jQuery.uniqueSort( ret ) : ret;
},
filter: function( selector ) {
return this.pushStack( winnow( this, selector || [], false ) );
},
not: function( selector ) {
return this.pushStack( winnow( this, selector || [], true ) );
},
is: function( selector ) {
return !!winnow(
this,
// If this is a positional/relative selector, check membership in the returned set
// so $("p:first").is("p:last") won't return true for a doc with two "p".
typeof selector === "string" && rneedsContext.test( selector ) ?
jQuery( selector ) :
selector || [],
false
).length;
}
} );
// Initialize a jQuery object
// A central reference to the root jQuery(document)
var rootjQuery,
// A simple way to check for HTML strings
// Prioritize #id over <tag> to avoid XSS via location.hash (#9521)
// Strict HTML recognition (#11290: must start with <)
// Shortcut simple #id case for speed
rquickExpr = /^(?:\s*(<[\w\W]+>)[^>]*|#([\w-]+))$/,
init = jQuery.fn.init = function( selector, context, root ) {
var match, elem;
// HANDLE: $(""), $(null), $(undefined), $(false)
if ( !selector ) {
return this;
}
// Method init() accepts an alternate rootjQuery
// so migrate can support jQuery.sub (gh-2101)
root = root || rootjQuery;
// Handle HTML strings
if ( typeof selector === "string" ) {
if ( selector[ 0 ] === "<" &&
selector[ selector.length - 1 ] === ">" &&
selector.length >= 3 ) {
// Assume that strings that start and end with <> are HTML and skip the regex check
match = [ null, selector, null ];
} else {
match = rquickExpr.exec( selector );
}
// Match html or make sure no context is specified for #id
if ( match && ( match[ 1 ] || !context ) ) {
// HANDLE: $(html) -> $(array)
if ( match[ 1 ] ) {
context = context instanceof jQuery ? context[ 0 ] : context;
// Option to run scripts is true for back-compat
// Intentionally let the error be thrown if parseHTML is not present
jQuery.merge( this, jQuery.parseHTML(
match[ 1 ],
context && context.nodeType ? context.ownerDocument || context : document,
true
) );
// HANDLE: $(html, props)
if ( rsingleTag.test( match[ 1 ] ) && jQuery.isPlainObject( context ) ) {
for ( match in context ) {
// Properties of context are called as methods if possible
if ( jQuery.isFunction( this[ match ] ) ) {
this[ match ]( context[ match ] );
// ...and otherwise set as attributes
} else {
this.attr( match, context[ match ] );
}
}
}
return this;
// HANDLE: $(#id)
} else {
elem = document.getElementById( match[ 2 ] );
if ( elem ) {
// Inject the element directly into the jQuery object
this[ 0 ] = elem;
this.length = 1;
}
return this;
}
// HANDLE: $(expr, $(...))
} else if ( !context || context.jquery ) {
return ( context || root ).find( selector );
// HANDLE: $(expr, context)
// (which is just equivalent to: $(context).find(expr)
} else {
return this.constructor( context ).find( selector );
}
// HANDLE: $(DOMElement)
} else if ( selector.nodeType ) {
this[ 0 ] = selector;
this.length = 1;
return this;
// HANDLE: $(function)
// Shortcut for document ready
} else if ( jQuery.isFunction( selector ) ) {
return root.ready !== undefined ?
root.ready( selector ) :
// Execute immediately if ready is not present
selector( jQuery );
}
return jQuery.makeArray( selector, this );
};
// Give the init function the jQuery prototype for later instantiation
init.prototype = jQuery.fn;
// Initialize central reference
rootjQuery = jQuery( document );
var rparentsprev = /^(?:parents|prev(?:Until|All))/,
// Methods guaranteed to produce a unique set when starting from a unique set
guaranteedUnique = {
children: true,
contents: true,
next: true,
prev: true
};
jQuery.fn.extend( {
has: function( target ) {
var targets = jQuery( target, this ),
l = targets.length;
return this.filter( function() {
var i = 0;
for ( ; i < l; i++ ) {
if ( jQuery.contains( this, targets[ i ] ) ) {
return true;
}
}
} );
},
closest: function( selectors, context ) {
var cur,
i = 0,
l = this.length,
matched = [],
targets = typeof selectors !== "string" && jQuery( selectors );
// Positional selectors never match, since there's no _selection_ context
if ( !rneedsContext.test( selectors ) ) {
for ( ; i < l; i++ ) {
for ( cur = this[ i ]; cur && cur !== context; cur = cur.parentNode ) {
// Always skip document fragments
if ( cur.nodeType < 11 && ( targets ?
targets.index( cur ) > -1 :
// Don't pass non-elements to Sizzle
cur.nodeType === 1 &&
jQuery.find.matchesSelector( cur, selectors ) ) ) {
matched.push( cur );
break;
}
}
}
}
return this.pushStack( matched.length > 1 ? jQuery.uniqueSort( matched ) : matched );
},
// Determine the position of an element within the set
index: function( elem ) {
// No argument, return index in parent
if ( !elem ) {
return ( this[ 0 ] && this[ 0 ].parentNode ) ? this.first().prevAll().length : -1;
}
// Index in selector
if ( typeof elem === "string" ) {
return indexOf.call( jQuery( elem ), this[ 0 ] );
}
// Locate the position of the desired element
return indexOf.call( this,
// If it receives a jQuery object, the first element is used
elem.jquery ? elem[ 0 ] : elem
);
},
add: function( selector, context ) {
return this.pushStack(
jQuery.uniqueSort(
jQuery.merge( this.get(), jQuery( selector, context ) )
)
);
},
addBack: function( selector ) {
return this.add( selector == null ?
this.prevObject : this.prevObject.filter( selector )
);
}
} );
function sibling( cur, dir ) {
while ( ( cur = cur[ dir ] ) && cur.nodeType !== 1 ) {}
return cur;
}
jQuery.each( {
parent: function( elem ) {
var parent = elem.parentNode;
return parent && parent.nodeType !== 11 ? parent : null;
},
parents: function( elem ) {
return dir( elem, "parentNode" );
},
parentsUntil: function( elem, i, until ) {
return dir( elem, "parentNode", until );
},
next: function( elem ) {
return sibling( elem, "nextSibling" );
},
prev: function( elem ) {
return sibling( elem, "previousSibling" );
},
nextAll: function( elem ) {
return dir( elem, "nextSibling" );
},
prevAll: function( elem ) {
return dir( elem, "previousSibling" );
},
nextUntil: function( elem, i, until ) {
return dir( elem, "nextSibling", until );
},
prevUntil: function( elem, i, until ) {
return dir( elem, "previousSibling", until );
},
siblings: function( elem ) {
return siblings( ( elem.parentNode || {} ).firstChild, elem );
},
children: function( elem ) {
return siblings( elem.firstChild );
},
contents: function( elem ) {
if ( nodeName( elem, "iframe" ) ) {
return elem.contentDocument;
}
// Support: IE 9 - 11 only, iOS 7 only, Android Browser <=4.3 only
// Treat the template element as a regular one in browsers that
// don't support it.
if ( nodeName( elem, "template" ) ) {
elem = elem.content || elem;
}
return jQuery.merge( [], elem.childNodes );
}
}, function( name, fn ) {
jQuery.fn[ name ] = function( until, selector ) {
var matched = jQuery.map( this, fn, until );
if ( name.slice( -5 ) !== "Until" ) {
selector = until;
}
if ( selector && typeof selector === "string" ) {
matched = jQuery.filter( selector, matched );
}
if ( this.length > 1 ) {
// Remove duplicates
if ( !guaranteedUnique[ name ] ) {
jQuery.uniqueSort( matched );
}
// Reverse order for parents* and prev-derivatives
if ( rparentsprev.test( name ) ) {
matched.reverse();
}
}
return this.pushStack( matched );
};
} );
var rnothtmlwhite = ( /[^\x20\t\r\n\f]+/g );
// Convert String-formatted options into Object-formatted ones
function createOptions( options ) {
var object = {};
jQuery.each( options.match( rnothtmlwhite ) || [], function( _, flag ) {
object[ flag ] = true;
} );
return object;
}
/*
* Create a callback list using the following parameters:
*
* options: an optional list of space-separated options that will change how
* the callback list behaves or a more traditional option object
*
* By default a callback list will act like an event callback list and can be
* "fired" multiple times.
*
* Possible options:
*
* once: will ensure the callback list can only be fired once (like a Deferred)
*
* memory: will keep track of previous values and will call any callback added
* after the list has been fired right away with the latest "memorized"
* values (like a Deferred)
*
* unique: will ensure a callback can only be added once (no duplicate in the list)
*
* stopOnFalse: interrupt callings when a callback returns false
*
*/
jQuery.Callbacks = function( options ) {
// Convert options from String-formatted to Object-formatted if needed
// (we check in cache first)
options = typeof options === "string" ?
createOptions( options ) :
jQuery.extend( {}, options );
var // Flag to know if list is currently firing
firing,
// Last fire value for non-forgettable lists
memory,
// Flag to know if list was already fired
fired,
// Flag to prevent firing
locked,
// Actual callback list
list = [],
// Queue of execution data for repeatable lists
queue = [],
// Index of currently firing callback (modified by add/remove as needed)
firingIndex = -1,
// Fire callbacks
fire = function() {
// Enforce single-firing
locked = locked || options.once;
// Execute callbacks for all pending executions,
// respecting firingIndex overrides and runtime changes
fired = firing = true;
for ( ; queue.length; firingIndex = -1 ) {
memory = queue.shift();
while ( ++firingIndex < list.length ) {
// Run callback and check for early termination
if ( list[ firingIndex ].apply( memory[ 0 ], memory[ 1 ] ) === false &&
options.stopOnFalse ) {
// Jump to end and forget the data so .add doesn't re-fire
firingIndex = list.length;
memory = false;
}
}
}
// Forget the data if we're done with it
if ( !options.memory ) {
memory = false;
}
firing = false;
// Clean up if we're done firing for good
if ( locked ) {
// Keep an empty list if we have data for future add calls
if ( memory ) {
list = [];
// Otherwise, this object is spent
} else {
list = "";
}
}
},
// Actual Callbacks object
self = {
// Add a callback or a collection of callbacks to the list
add: function() {
if ( list ) {
// If we have memory from a past run, we should fire after adding
if ( memory && !firing ) {
firingIndex = list.length - 1;
queue.push( memory );
}
( function add( args ) {
jQuery.each( args, function( _, arg ) {
if ( jQuery.isFunction( arg ) ) {
if ( !options.unique || !self.has( arg ) ) {
list.push( arg );
}
} else if ( arg && arg.length && jQuery.type( arg ) !== "string" ) {
// Inspect recursively
add( arg );
}
} );
} )( arguments );
if ( memory && !firing ) {
fire();
}
}
return this;
},
// Remove a callback from the list
remove: function() {
jQuery.each( arguments, function( _, arg ) {
var index;
while ( ( index = jQuery.inArray( arg, list, index ) ) > -1 ) {
list.splice( index, 1 );
// Handle firing indexes
if ( index <= firingIndex ) {
firingIndex--;
}
}
} );
return this;
},
// Check if a given callback is in the list.
// If no argument is given, return whether or not list has callbacks attached.
has: function( fn ) {
return fn ?
jQuery.inArray( fn, list ) > -1 :
list.length > 0;
},
// Remove all callbacks from the list
empty: function() {
if ( list ) {
list = [];
}
return this;
},
// Disable .fire and .add
// Abort any current/pending executions
// Clear all callbacks and values
disable: function() {
locked = queue = [];
list = memory = "";
return this;
},
disabled: function() {
return !list;
},
// Disable .fire
// Also disable .add unless we have memory (since it would have no effect)
// Abort any pending executions
lock: function() {
locked = queue = [];
if ( !memory && !firing ) {
list = memory = "";
}
return this;
},
locked: function() {
return !!locked;
},
// Call all callbacks with the given context and arguments
fireWith: function( context, args ) {
if ( !locked ) {
args = args || [];
args = [ context, args.slice ? args.slice() : args ];
queue.push( args );
if ( !firing ) {
fire();
}
}
return this;
},
// Call all the callbacks with the given arguments
fire: function() {
self.fireWith( this, arguments );
return this;
},
// To know if the callbacks have already been called at least once
fired: function() {
return !!fired;
}
};
return self;
};
function Identity( v ) {
return v;
}
function Thrower( ex ) {
throw ex;
}
function adoptValue( value, resolve, reject, noValue ) {
var method;
try {
// Check for promise aspect first to privilege synchronous behavior
if ( value && jQuery.isFunction( ( method = value.promise ) ) ) {
method.call( value ).done( resolve ).fail( reject );
// Other thenables
} else if ( value && jQuery.isFunction( ( method = value.then ) ) ) {
method.call( value, resolve, reject );
// Other non-thenables
} else {
// Control `resolve` arguments by letting Array#slice cast boolean `noValue` to integer:
// * false: [ value ].slice( 0 ) => resolve( value )
// * true: [ value ].slice( 1 ) => resolve()
resolve.apply( undefined, [ value ].slice( noValue ) );
}
// For Promises/A+, convert exceptions into rejections
// Since jQuery.when doesn't unwrap thenables, we can skip the extra checks appearing in
// Deferred#then to conditionally suppress rejection.
} catch ( value ) {
// Support: Android 4.0 only
// Strict mode functions invoked without .call/.apply get global-object context
reject.apply( undefined, [ value ] );
}
}
jQuery.extend( {
Deferred: function( func ) {
var tuples = [
// action, add listener, callbacks,
// ... .then handlers, argument index, [final state]
[ "notify", "progress", jQuery.Callbacks( "memory" ),
jQuery.Callbacks( "memory" ), 2 ],
[ "resolve", "done", jQuery.Callbacks( "once memory" ),
jQuery.Callbacks( "once memory" ), 0, "resolved" ],
[ "reject", "fail", jQuery.Callbacks( "once memory" ),
jQuery.Callbacks( "once memory" ), 1, "rejected" ]
],
state = "pending",
promise = {
state: function() {
return state;
},
always: function() {
deferred.done( arguments ).fail( arguments );
return this;
},
"catch": function( fn ) {
return promise.then( null, fn );
},
// Keep pipe for back-compat
pipe: function( /* fnDone, fnFail, fnProgress */ ) {
var fns = arguments;
return jQuery.Deferred( function( newDefer ) {
jQuery.each( tuples, function( i, tuple ) {
// Map tuples (progress, done, fail) to arguments (done, fail, progress)
var fn = jQuery.isFunction( fns[ tuple[ 4 ] ] ) && fns[ tuple[ 4 ] ];
// deferred.progress(function() { bind to newDefer or newDefer.notify })
// deferred.done(function() { bind to newDefer or newDefer.resolve })
// deferred.fail(function() { bind to newDefer or newDefer.reject })
deferred[ tuple[ 1 ] ]( function() {
var returned = fn && fn.apply( this, arguments );
if ( returned && jQuery.isFunction( returned.promise ) ) {
returned.promise()
.progress( newDefer.notify )
.done( newDefer.resolve )
.fail( newDefer.reject );
} else {
newDefer[ tuple[ 0 ] + "With" ](
this,
fn ? [ returned ] : arguments
);
}
} );
} );
fns = null;
} ).promise();
},
then: function( onFulfilled, onRejected, onProgress ) {
var maxDepth = 0;
function resolve( depth, deferred, handler, special ) {
return function() {
var that = this,
args = arguments,
mightThrow = function() {
var returned, then;
// Support: Promises/A+ section 2.3.3.3.3
// https://promisesaplus.com/#point-59
// Ignore double-resolution attempts
if ( depth < maxDepth ) {
return;
}
returned = handler.apply( that, args );
// Support: Promises/A+ section 2.3.1
// https://promisesaplus.com/#point-48
if ( returned === deferred.promise() ) {
throw new TypeError( "Thenable self-resolution" );
}
// Support: Promises/A+ sections 2.3.3.1, 3.5
// https://promisesaplus.com/#point-54
// https://promisesaplus.com/#point-75
// Retrieve `then` only once
then = returned &&
// Support: Promises/A+ section 2.3.4
// https://promisesaplus.com/#point-64
// Only check objects and functions for thenability
( typeof returned === "object" ||
typeof returned === "function" ) &&
returned.then;
// Handle a returned thenable
if ( jQuery.isFunction( then ) ) {
// Special processors (notify) just wait for resolution
if ( special ) {
then.call(
returned,
resolve( maxDepth, deferred, Identity, special ),
resolve( maxDepth, deferred, Thrower, special )
);
// Normal processors (resolve) also hook into progress
} else {
// ...and disregard older resolution values
maxDepth++;
then.call(
returned,
resolve( maxDepth, deferred, Identity, special ),
resolve( maxDepth, deferred, Thrower, special ),
resolve( maxDepth, deferred, Identity,
deferred.notifyWith )
);
}
// Handle all other returned values
} else {
// Only substitute handlers pass on context
// and multiple values (non-spec behavior)
if ( handler !== Identity ) {
that = undefined;
args = [ returned ];
}
// Process the value(s)
// Default process is resolve
( special || deferred.resolveWith )( that, args );
}
},
// Only normal processors (resolve) catch and reject exceptions
process = special ?
mightThrow :
function() {
try {
mightThrow();
} catch ( e ) {
if ( jQuery.Deferred.exceptionHook ) {
jQuery.Deferred.exceptionHook( e,
process.stackTrace );
}
// Support: Promises/A+ section 2.3.3.3.4.1
// https://promisesaplus.com/#point-61
// Ignore post-resolution exceptions
if ( depth + 1 >= maxDepth ) {
// Only substitute handlers pass on context
// and multiple values (non-spec behavior)
if ( handler !== Thrower ) {
that = undefined;
args = [ e ];
}
deferred.rejectWith( that, args );
}
}
};
// Support: Promises/A+ section 2.3.3.3.1
// https://promisesaplus.com/#point-57
// Re-resolve promises immediately to dodge false rejection from
// subsequent errors
if ( depth ) {
process();
} else {
// Call an optional hook to record the stack, in case of exception
// since it's otherwise lost when execution goes async
if ( jQuery.Deferred.getStackHook ) {
process.stackTrace = jQuery.Deferred.getStackHook();
}
window.setTimeout( process );
}
};
}
return jQuery.Deferred( function( newDefer ) {
// progress_handlers.add( ... )
tuples[ 0 ][ 3 ].add(
resolve(
0,
newDefer,
jQuery.isFunction( onProgress ) ?
onProgress :
Identity,
newDefer.notifyWith
)
);
// fulfilled_handlers.add( ... )
tuples[ 1 ][ 3 ].add(
resolve(
0,
newDefer,
jQuery.isFunction( onFulfilled ) ?
onFulfilled :
Identity
)
);
// rejected_handlers.add( ... )
tuples[ 2 ][ 3 ].add(
resolve(
0,
newDefer,
jQuery.isFunction( onRejected ) ?
onRejected :
Thrower
)
);
} ).promise();
},
// Get a promise for this deferred
// If obj is provided, the promise aspect is added to the object
promise: function( obj ) {
return obj != null ? jQuery.extend( obj, promise ) : promise;
}
},
deferred = {};
// Add list-specific methods
jQuery.each( tuples, function( i, tuple ) {
var list = tuple[ 2 ],
stateString = tuple[ 5 ];
// promise.progress = list.add
// promise.done = list.add
// promise.fail = list.add
promise[ tuple[ 1 ] ] = list.add;
// Handle state
if ( stateString ) {
list.add(
function() {
// state = "resolved" (i.e., fulfilled)
// state = "rejected"
state = stateString;
},
// rejected_callbacks.disable
// fulfilled_callbacks.disable
tuples[ 3 - i ][ 2 ].disable,
// progress_callbacks.lock
tuples[ 0 ][ 2 ].lock
);
}
// progress_handlers.fire
// fulfilled_handlers.fire
// rejected_handlers.fire
list.add( tuple[ 3 ].fire );
// deferred.notify = function() { deferred.notifyWith(...) }
// deferred.resolve = function() { deferred.resolveWith(...) }
// deferred.reject = function() { deferred.rejectWith(...) }
deferred[ tuple[ 0 ] ] = function() {
deferred[ tuple[ 0 ] + "With" ]( this === deferred ? undefined : this, arguments );
return this;
};
// deferred.notifyWith = list.fireWith
// deferred.resolveWith = list.fireWith
// deferred.rejectWith = list.fireWith
deferred[ tuple[ 0 ] + "With" ] = list.fireWith;
} );
// Make the deferred a promise
promise.promise( deferred );
// Call given func if any
if ( func ) {
func.call( deferred, deferred );
}
// All done!
return deferred;
},
// Deferred helper
when: function( singleValue ) {
var
// count of uncompleted subordinates
remaining = arguments.length,
// count of unprocessed arguments
i = remaining,
// subordinate fulfillment data
resolveContexts = Array( i ),
resolveValues = slice.call( arguments ),
// the master Deferred
master = jQuery.Deferred(),
// subordinate callback factory
updateFunc = function( i ) {
return function( value ) {
resolveContexts[ i ] = this;
resolveValues[ i ] = arguments.length > 1 ? slice.call( arguments ) : value;
if ( !( --remaining ) ) {
master.resolveWith( resolveContexts, resolveValues );
}
};
};
// Single- and empty arguments are adopted like Promise.resolve
if ( remaining <= 1 ) {
adoptValue( singleValue, master.done( updateFunc( i ) ).resolve, master.reject,
!remaining );
// Use .then() to unwrap secondary thenables (cf. gh-3000)
if ( master.state() === "pending" ||
jQuery.isFunction( resolveValues[ i ] && resolveValues[ i ].then ) ) {
return master.then();
}
}
// Multiple arguments are aggregated like Promise.all array elements
while ( i-- ) {
adoptValue( resolveValues[ i ], updateFunc( i ), master.reject );
}
return master.promise();
}
} );
// These usually indicate a programmer mistake during development,
// warn about them ASAP rather than swallowing them by default.
var rerrorNames = /^(Eval|Internal|Range|Reference|Syntax|Type|URI)Error$/;
jQuery.Deferred.exceptionHook = function( error, stack ) {
// Support: IE 8 - 9 only
// Console exists when dev tools are open, which can happen at any time
if ( window.console && window.console.warn && error && rerrorNames.test( error.name ) ) {
window.console.warn( "jQuery.Deferred exception: " + error.message, error.stack, stack );
}
};
jQuery.readyException = function( error ) {
window.setTimeout( function() {
throw error;
} );
};
// The deferred used on DOM ready
var readyList = jQuery.Deferred();
jQuery.fn.ready = function( fn ) {
readyList
.then( fn )
// Wrap jQuery.readyException in a function so that the lookup
// happens at the time of error handling instead of callback
// registration.
.catch( function( error ) {
jQuery.readyException( error );
} );
return this;
};
jQuery.extend( {
// Is the DOM ready to be used? Set to true once it occurs.
isReady: false,
// A counter to track how many items to wait for before
// the ready event fires. See #6781
readyWait: 1,
// Handle when the DOM is ready
ready: function( wait ) {
// Abort if there are pending holds or we're already ready
if ( wait === true ? --jQuery.readyWait : jQuery.isReady ) {
return;
}
// Remember that the DOM is ready
jQuery.isReady = true;
// If a normal DOM Ready event fired, decrement, and wait if need be
if ( wait !== true && --jQuery.readyWait > 0 ) {
return;
}
// If there are functions bound, to execute
readyList.resolveWith( document, [ jQuery ] );
}
} );
jQuery.ready.then = readyList.then;
// The ready event handler and self cleanup method
function completed() {
document.removeEventListener( "DOMContentLoaded", completed );
window.removeEventListener( "load", completed );
jQuery.ready();
}
// Catch cases where $(document).ready() is called
// after the browser event has already occurred.
// Support: IE <=9 - 10 only
// Older IE sometimes signals "interactive" too soon
if ( document.readyState === "complete" ||
( document.readyState !== "loading" && !document.documentElement.doScroll ) ) {
// Handle it asynchronously to allow scripts the opportunity to delay ready
window.setTimeout( jQuery.ready );
} else {
// Use the handy event callback
document.addEventListener( "DOMContentLoaded", completed );
// A fallback to window.onload, that will always work
window.addEventListener( "load", completed );
}
// Multifunctional method to get and set values of a collection
// The value/s can optionally be executed if it's a function
var access = function( elems, fn, key, value, chainable, emptyGet, raw ) {
var i = 0,
len = elems.length,
bulk = key == null;
// Sets many values
if ( jQuery.type( key ) === "object" ) {
chainable = true;
for ( i in key ) {
access( elems, fn, i, key[ i ], true, emptyGet, raw );
}
// Sets one value
} else if ( value !== undefined ) {
chainable = true;
if ( !jQuery.isFunction( value ) ) {
raw = true;
}
if ( bulk ) {
// Bulk operations run against the entire set
if ( raw ) {
fn.call( elems, value );
fn = null;
// ...except when executing function values
} else {
bulk = fn;
fn = function( elem, key, value ) {
return bulk.call( jQuery( elem ), value );
};
}
}
if ( fn ) {
for ( ; i < len; i++ ) {
fn(
elems[ i ], key, raw ?
value :
value.call( elems[ i ], i, fn( elems[ i ], key ) )
);
}
}
}
if ( chainable ) {
return elems;
}
// Gets
if ( bulk ) {
return fn.call( elems );
}
return len ? fn( elems[ 0 ], key ) : emptyGet;
};
var acceptData = function( owner ) {
// Accepts only:
// - Node
// - Node.ELEMENT_NODE
// - Node.DOCUMENT_NODE
// - Object
// - Any
return owner.nodeType === 1 || owner.nodeType === 9 || !( +owner.nodeType );
};
function Data() {
this.expando = jQuery.expando + Data.uid++;
}
Data.uid = 1;
Data.prototype = {
cache: function( owner ) {
// Check if the owner object already has a cache
var value = owner[ this.expando ];
// If not, create one
if ( !value ) {
value = {};
// We can accept data for non-element nodes in modern browsers,
// but we should not, see #8335.
// Always return an empty object.
if ( acceptData( owner ) ) {
// If it is a node unlikely to be stringify-ed or looped over
// use plain assignment
if ( owner.nodeType ) {
owner[ this.expando ] = value;
// Otherwise secure it in a non-enumerable property
// configurable must be true to allow the property to be
// deleted when data is removed
} else {
Object.defineProperty( owner, this.expando, {
value: value,
configurable: true
} );
}
}
}
return value;
},
set: function( owner, data, value ) {
var prop,
cache = this.cache( owner );
// Handle: [ owner, key, value ] args
// Always use camelCase key (gh-2257)
if ( typeof data === "string" ) {
cache[ jQuery.camelCase( data ) ] = value;
// Handle: [ owner, { properties } ] args
} else {
// Copy the properties one-by-one to the cache object
for ( prop in data ) {
cache[ jQuery.camelCase( prop ) ] = data[ prop ];
}
}
return cache;
},
get: function( owner, key ) {
return key === undefined ?
this.cache( owner ) :
// Always use camelCase key (gh-2257)
owner[ this.expando ] && owner[ this.expando ][ jQuery.camelCase( key ) ];
},
access: function( owner, key, value ) {
// In cases where either:
//
// 1. No key was specified
// 2. A string key was specified, but no value provided
//
// Take the "read" path and allow the get method to determine
// which value to return, respectively either:
//
// 1. The entire cache object
// 2. The data stored at the key
//
if ( key === undefined ||
( ( key && typeof key === "string" ) && value === undefined ) ) {
return this.get( owner, key );
}
// When the key is not a string, or both a key and value
// are specified, set or extend (existing objects) with either:
//
// 1. An object of properties
// 2. A key and value
//
this.set( owner, key, value );
// Since the "set" path can have two possible entry points
// return the expected data based on which path was taken[*]
return value !== undefined ? value : key;
},
remove: function( owner, key ) {
var i,
cache = owner[ this.expando ];
if ( cache === undefined ) {
return;
}
if ( key !== undefined ) {
// Support array or space separated string of keys
if ( Array.isArray( key ) ) {
// If key is an array of keys...
// We always set camelCase keys, so remove that.
key = key.map( jQuery.camelCase );
} else {
key = jQuery.camelCase( key );
// If a key with the spaces exists, use it.
// Otherwise, create an array by matching non-whitespace
key = key in cache ?
[ key ] :
( key.match( rnothtmlwhite ) || [] );
}
i = key.length;
while ( i-- ) {
delete cache[ key[ i ] ];
}
}
// Remove the expando if there's no more data
if ( key === undefined || jQuery.isEmptyObject( cache ) ) {
// Support: Chrome <=35 - 45
// Webkit & Blink performance suffers when deleting properties
// from DOM nodes, so set to undefined instead
// https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=378607 (bug restricted)
if ( owner.nodeType ) {
owner[ this.expando ] = undefined;
} else {
delete owner[ this.expando ];
}
}
},
hasData: function( owner ) {
var cache = owner[ this.expando ];
return cache !== undefined && !jQuery.isEmptyObject( cache );
}
};
var dataPriv = new Data();
var dataUser = new Data();
// Implementation Summary
//
// 1. Enforce API surface and semantic compatibility with 1.9.x branch
// 2. Improve the module's maintainability by reducing the storage
// paths to a single mechanism.
// 3. Use the same single mechanism to support "private" and "user" data.
// 4. _Never_ expose "private" data to user code (TODO: Drop _data, _removeData)
// 5. Avoid exposing implementation details on user objects (eg. expando properties)
// 6. Provide a clear path for implementation upgrade to WeakMap in 2014
var rbrace = /^(?:\{[\w\W]*\}|\[[\w\W]*\])$/,
rmultiDash = /[A-Z]/g;
function getData( data ) {
if ( data === "true" ) {
return true;
}
if ( data === "false" ) {
return false;
}
if ( data === "null" ) {
return null;
}
// Only convert to a number if it doesn't change the string
if ( data === +data + "" ) {
return +data;
}
if ( rbrace.test( data ) ) {
return JSON.parse( data );
}
return data;
}
function dataAttr( elem, key, data ) {
var name;
// If nothing was found internally, try to fetch any
// data from the HTML5 data-* attribute
if ( data === undefined && elem.nodeType === 1 ) {
name = "data-" + key.replace( rmultiDash, "-$&" ).toLowerCase();
data = elem.getAttribute( name );
if ( typeof data === "string" ) {
try {
data = getData( data );
} catch ( e ) {}
// Make sure we set the data so it isn't changed later
dataUser.set( elem, key, data );
} else {
data = undefined;
}
}
return data;
}
jQuery.extend( {
hasData: function( elem ) {
return dataUser.hasData( elem ) || dataPriv.hasData( elem );
},
data: function( elem, name, data ) {
return dataUser.access( elem, name, data );
},
removeData: function( elem, name ) {
dataUser.remove( elem, name );
},
// TODO: Now that all calls to _data and _removeData have been replaced
// with direct calls to dataPriv methods, these can be deprecated.
_data: function( elem, name, data ) {
return dataPriv.access( elem, name, data );
},
_removeData: function( elem, name ) {
dataPriv.remove( elem, name );
}
} );
jQuery.fn.extend( {
data: function( key, value ) {
var i, name, data,
elem = this[ 0 ],
attrs = elem && elem.attributes;
// Gets all values
if ( key === undefined ) {
if ( this.length ) {
data = dataUser.get( elem );
if ( elem.nodeType === 1 && !dataPriv.get( elem, "hasDataAttrs" ) ) {
i = attrs.length;
while ( i-- ) {
// Support: IE 11 only
// The attrs elements can be null (#14894)
if ( attrs[ i ] ) {
name = attrs[ i ].name;
if ( name.indexOf( "data-" ) === 0 ) {
name = jQuery.camelCase( name.slice( 5 ) );
dataAttr( elem, name, data[ name ] );
}
}
}
dataPriv.set( elem, "hasDataAttrs", true );
}
}
return data;
}
// Sets multiple values
if ( typeof key === "object" ) {
return this.each( function() {
dataUser.set( this, key );
} );
}
return access( this, function( value ) {
var data;
// The calling jQuery object (element matches) is not empty
// (and therefore has an element appears at this[ 0 ]) and the
// `value` parameter was not undefined. An empty jQuery object
// will result in `undefined` for elem = this[ 0 ] which will
// throw an exception if an attempt to read a data cache is made.
if ( elem && value === undefined ) {
// Attempt to get data from the cache
// The key will always be camelCased in Data
data = dataUser.get( elem, key );
if ( data !== undefined ) {
return data;
}
// Attempt to "discover" the data in
// HTML5 custom data-* attrs
data = dataAttr( elem, key );
if ( data !== undefined ) {
return data;
}
// We tried really hard, but the data doesn't exist.
return;
}
// Set the data...
this.each( function() {
// We always store the camelCased key
dataUser.set( this, key, value );
} );
}, null, value, arguments.length > 1, null, true );
},
removeData: function( key ) {
return this.each( function() {
dataUser.remove( this, key );
} );
}
} );
jQuery.extend( {
queue: function( elem, type, data ) {
var queue;
if ( elem ) {
type = ( type || "fx" ) + "queue";
queue = dataPriv.get( elem, type );
// Speed up dequeue by getting out quickly if this is just a lookup
if ( data ) {
if ( !queue || Array.isArray( data ) ) {
queue = dataPriv.access( elem, type, jQuery.makeArray( data ) );
} else {
queue.push( data );
}
}
return queue || [];
}
},
dequeue: function( elem, type ) {
type = type || "fx";
var queue = jQuery.queue( elem, type ),
startLength = queue.length,
fn = queue.shift(),
hooks = jQuery._queueHooks( elem, type ),
next = function() {
jQuery.dequeue( elem, type );
};
// If the fx queue is dequeued, always remove the progress sentinel
if ( fn === "inprogress" ) {
fn = queue.shift();
startLength--;
}
if ( fn ) {
// Add a progress sentinel to prevent the fx queue from being
// automatically dequeued
if ( type === "fx" ) {
queue.unshift( "inprogress" );
}
// Clear up the last queue stop function
delete hooks.stop;
fn.call( elem, next, hooks );
}
if ( !startLength && hooks ) {
hooks.empty.fire();
}
},
// Not public - generate a queueHooks object, or return the current one
_queueHooks: function( elem, type ) {
var key = type + "queueHooks";
return dataPriv.get( elem, key ) || dataPriv.access( elem, key, {
empty: jQuery.Callbacks( "once memory" ).add( function() {
dataPriv.remove( elem, [ type + "queue", key ] );
} )
} );
}
} );
jQuery.fn.extend( {
queue: function( type, data ) {
var setter = 2;
if ( typeof type !== "string" ) {
data = type;
type = "fx";
setter--;
}
if ( arguments.length < setter ) {
return jQuery.queue( this[ 0 ], type );
}
return data === undefined ?
this :
this.each( function() {
var queue = jQuery.queue( this, type, data );
// Ensure a hooks for this queue
jQuery._queueHooks( this, type );
if ( type === "fx" && queue[ 0 ] !== "inprogress" ) {
jQuery.dequeue( this, type );
}
} );
},
dequeue: function( type ) {
return this.each( function() {
jQuery.dequeue( this, type );
} );
},
clearQueue: function( type ) {
return this.queue( type || "fx", [] );
},
// Get a promise resolved when queues of a certain type
// are emptied (fx is the type by default)
promise: function( type, obj ) {
var tmp,
count = 1,
defer = jQuery.Deferred(),
elements = this,
i = this.length,
resolve = function() {
if ( !( --count ) ) {
defer.resolveWith( elements, [ elements ] );
}
};
if ( typeof type !== "string" ) {
obj = type;
type = undefined;
}
type = type || "fx";
while ( i-- ) {
tmp = dataPriv.get( elements[ i ], type + "queueHooks" );
if ( tmp && tmp.empty ) {
count++;
tmp.empty.add( resolve );
}
}
resolve();
return defer.promise( obj );
}
} );
var pnum = ( /[+-]?(?:\d*\.|)\d+(?:[eE][+-]?\d+|)/ ).source;
var rcssNum = new RegExp( "^(?:([+-])=|)(" + pnum + ")([a-z%]*)$", "i" );
var cssExpand = [ "Top", "Right", "Bottom", "Left" ];
var isHiddenWithinTree = function( elem, el ) {
// isHiddenWithinTree might be called from jQuery#filter function;
// in that case, element will be second argument
elem = el || elem;
// Inline style trumps all
return elem.style.display === "none" ||
elem.style.display === "" &&
// Otherwise, check computed style
// Support: Firefox <=43 - 45
// Disconnected elements can have computed display: none, so first confirm that elem is
// in the document.
jQuery.contains( elem.ownerDocument, elem ) &&
jQuery.css( elem, "display" ) === "none";
};
var swap = function( elem, options, callback, args ) {
var ret, name,
old = {};
// Remember the old values, and insert the new ones
for ( name in options ) {
old[ name ] = elem.style[ name ];
elem.style[ name ] = options[ name ];
}
ret = callback.apply( elem, args || [] );
// Revert the old values
for ( name in options ) {
elem.style[ name ] = old[ name ];
}
return ret;
};
function adjustCSS( elem, prop, valueParts, tween ) {
var adjusted,
scale = 1,
maxIterations = 20,
currentValue = tween ?
function() {
return tween.cur();
} :
function() {
return jQuery.css( elem, prop, "" );
},
initial = currentValue(),
unit = valueParts && valueParts[ 3 ] || ( jQuery.cssNumber[ prop ] ? "" : "px" ),
// Starting value computation is required for potential unit mismatches
initialInUnit = ( jQuery.cssNumber[ prop ] || unit !== "px" && +initial ) &&
rcssNum.exec( jQuery.css( elem, prop ) );
if ( initialInUnit && initialInUnit[ 3 ] !== unit ) {
// Trust units reported by jQuery.css
unit = unit || initialInUnit[ 3 ];
// Make sure we update the tween properties later on
valueParts = valueParts || [];
// Iteratively approximate from a nonzero starting point
initialInUnit = +initial || 1;
do {
// If previous iteration zeroed out, double until we get *something*.
// Use string for doubling so we don't accidentally see scale as unchanged below
scale = scale || ".5";
// Adjust and apply
initialInUnit = initialInUnit / scale;
jQuery.style( elem, prop, initialInUnit + unit );
// Update scale, tolerating zero or NaN from tween.cur()
// Break the loop if scale is unchanged or perfect, or if we've just had enough.
} while (
scale !== ( scale = currentValue() / initial ) && scale !== 1 && --maxIterations
);
}
if ( valueParts ) {
initialInUnit = +initialInUnit || +initial || 0;
// Apply relative offset (+=/-=) if specified
adjusted = valueParts[ 1 ] ?
initialInUnit + ( valueParts[ 1 ] + 1 ) * valueParts[ 2 ] :
+valueParts[ 2 ];
if ( tween ) {
tween.unit = unit;
tween.start = initialInUnit;
tween.end = adjusted;
}
}
return adjusted;
}
var defaultDisplayMap = {};
function getDefaultDisplay( elem ) {
var temp,
doc = elem.ownerDocument,
nodeName = elem.nodeName,
display = defaultDisplayMap[ nodeName ];
if ( display ) {
return display;
}
temp = doc.body.appendChild( doc.createElement( nodeName ) );
display = jQuery.css( temp, "display" );
temp.parentNode.removeChild( temp );
if ( display === "none" ) {
display = "block";
}
defaultDisplayMap[ nodeName ] = display;
return display;
}
function showHide( elements, show ) {
var display, elem,
values = [],
index = 0,
length = elements.length;
// Determine new display value for elements that need to change
for ( ; index < length; index++ ) {
elem = elements[ index ];
if ( !elem.style ) {
continue;
}
display = elem.style.display;
if ( show ) {
// Since we force visibility upon cascade-hidden elements, an immediate (and slow)
// check is required in this first loop unless we have a nonempty display value (either
// inline or about-to-be-restored)
if ( display === "none" ) {
values[ index ] = dataPriv.get( elem, "display" ) || null;
if ( !values[ index ] ) {
elem.style.display = "";
}
}
if ( elem.style.display === "" && isHiddenWithinTree( elem ) ) {
values[ index ] = getDefaultDisplay( elem );
}
} else {
if ( display !== "none" ) {
values[ index ] = "none";
// Remember what we're overwriting
dataPriv.set( elem, "display", display );
}
}
}
// Set the display of the elements in a second loop to avoid constant reflow
for ( index = 0; index < length; index++ ) {
if ( values[ index ] != null ) {
elements[ index ].style.display = values[ index ];
}
}
return elements;
}
jQuery.fn.extend( {
show: function() {
return showHide( this, true );
},
hide: function() {
return showHide( this );
},
toggle: function( state ) {
if ( typeof state === "boolean" ) {
return state ? this.show() : this.hide();
}
return this.each( function() {
if ( isHiddenWithinTree( this ) ) {
jQuery( this ).show();
} else {
jQuery( this ).hide();
}
} );
}
} );
var rcheckableType = ( /^(?:checkbox|radio)$/i );
var rtagName = ( /<([a-z][^\/\0>\x20\t\r\n\f]+)/i );
var rscriptType = ( /^$|\/(?:java|ecma)script/i );
// We have to close these tags to support XHTML (#13200)
var wrapMap = {
// Support: IE <=9 only
option: [ 1, "<select multiple='multiple'>", "</select>" ],
// XHTML parsers do not magically insert elements in the
// same way that tag soup parsers do. So we cannot shorten
// this by omitting <tbody> or other required elements.
thead: [ 1, "<table>", "</table>" ],
col: [ 2, "<table><colgroup>", "</colgroup></table>" ],
tr: [ 2, "<table><tbody>", "</tbody></table>" ],
td: [ 3, "<table><tbody><tr>", "</tr></tbody></table>" ],
_default: [ 0, "", "" ]
};
// Support: IE <=9 only
wrapMap.optgroup = wrapMap.option;
wrapMap.tbody = wrapMap.tfoot = wrapMap.colgroup = wrapMap.caption = wrapMap.thead;
wrapMap.th = wrapMap.td;
function getAll( context, tag ) {
// Support: IE <=9 - 11 only
// Use typeof to avoid zero-argument method invocation on host objects (#15151)
var ret;
if ( typeof context.getElementsByTagName !== "undefined" ) {
ret = context.getElementsByTagName( tag || "*" );
} else if ( typeof context.querySelectorAll !== "undefined" ) {
ret = context.querySelectorAll( tag || "*" );
} else {
ret = [];
}
if ( tag === undefined || tag && nodeName( context, tag ) ) {
return jQuery.merge( [ context ], ret );
}
return ret;
}
// Mark scripts as having already been evaluated
function setGlobalEval( elems, refElements ) {
var i = 0,
l = elems.length;
for ( ; i < l; i++ ) {
dataPriv.set(
elems[ i ],
"globalEval",
!refElements || dataPriv.get( refElements[ i ], "globalEval" )
);
}
}
var rhtml = /<|&#?\w+;/;
function buildFragment( elems, context, scripts, selection, ignored ) {
var elem, tmp, tag, wrap, contains, j,
fragment = context.createDocumentFragment(),
nodes = [],
i = 0,
l = elems.length;
for ( ; i < l; i++ ) {
elem = elems[ i ];
if ( elem || elem === 0 ) {
// Add nodes directly
if ( jQuery.type( elem ) === "object" ) {
// Support: Android <=4.0 only, PhantomJS 1 only
// push.apply(_, arraylike) throws on ancient WebKit
jQuery.merge( nodes, elem.nodeType ? [ elem ] : elem );
// Convert non-html into a text node
} else if ( !rhtml.test( elem ) ) {
nodes.push( context.createTextNode( elem ) );
// Convert html into DOM nodes
} else {
tmp = tmp || fragment.appendChild( context.createElement( "div" ) );
// Deserialize a standard representation
tag = ( rtagName.exec( elem ) || [ "", "" ] )[ 1 ].toLowerCase();
wrap = wrapMap[ tag ] || wrapMap._default;
tmp.innerHTML = wrap[ 1 ] + jQuery.htmlPrefilter( elem ) + wrap[ 2 ];
// Descend through wrappers to the right content
j = wrap[ 0 ];
while ( j-- ) {
tmp = tmp.lastChild;
}
// Support: Android <=4.0 only, PhantomJS 1 only
// push.apply(_, arraylike) throws on ancient WebKit
jQuery.merge( nodes, tmp.childNodes );
// Remember the top-level container
tmp = fragment.firstChild;
// Ensure the created nodes are orphaned (#12392)
tmp.textContent = "";
}
}
}
// Remove wrapper from fragment
fragment.textContent = "";
i = 0;
while ( ( elem = nodes[ i++ ] ) ) {
// Skip elements already in the context collection (trac-4087)
if ( selection && jQuery.inArray( elem, selection ) > -1 ) {
if ( ignored ) {
ignored.push( elem );
}
continue;
}
contains = jQuery.contains( elem.ownerDocument, elem );
// Append to fragment
tmp = getAll( fragment.appendChild( elem ), "script" );
// Preserve script evaluation history
if ( contains ) {
setGlobalEval( tmp );
}
// Capture executables
if ( scripts ) {
j = 0;
while ( ( elem = tmp[ j++ ] ) ) {
if ( rscriptType.test( elem.type || "" ) ) {
scripts.push( elem );
}
}
}
}
return fragment;
}
( function() {
var fragment = document.createDocumentFragment(),
div = fragment.appendChild( document.createElement( "div" ) ),
input = document.createElement( "input" );
// Support: Android 4.0 - 4.3 only
// Check state lost if the name is set (#11217)
// Support: Windows Web Apps (WWA)
// `name` and `type` must use .setAttribute for WWA (#14901)
input.setAttribute( "type", "radio" );
input.setAttribute( "checked", "checked" );
input.setAttribute( "name", "t" );
div.appendChild( input );
// Support: Android <=4.1 only
// Older WebKit doesn't clone checked state correctly in fragments
support.checkClone = div.cloneNode( true ).cloneNode( true ).lastChild.checked;
// Support: IE <=11 only
// Make sure textarea (and checkbox) defaultValue is properly cloned
div.innerHTML = "<textarea>x</textarea>";
support.noCloneChecked = !!div.cloneNode( true ).lastChild.defaultValue;
} )();
var documentElement = document.documentElement;
var
rkeyEvent = /^key/,
rmouseEvent = /^(?:mouse|pointer|contextmenu|drag|drop)|click/,
rtypenamespace = /^([^.]*)(?:\.(.+)|)/;
function returnTrue() {
return true;
}
function returnFalse() {
return false;
}
// Support: IE <=9 only
// See #13393 for more info
function safeActiveElement() {
try {
return document.activeElement;
} catch ( err ) { }
}
function on( elem, types, selector, data, fn, one ) {
var origFn, type;
// Types can be a map of types/handlers
if ( typeof types === "object" ) {
// ( types-Object, selector, data )
if ( typeof selector !== "string" ) {
// ( types-Object, data )
data = data || selector;
selector = undefined;
}
for ( type in types ) {
on( elem, type, selector, data, types[ type ], one );
}
return elem;
}
if ( data == null && fn == null ) {
// ( types, fn )
fn = selector;
data = selector = undefined;
} else if ( fn == null ) {
if ( typeof selector === "string" ) {
// ( types, selector, fn )
fn = data;
data = undefined;
} else {
// ( types, data, fn )
fn = data;
data = selector;
selector = undefined;
}
}
if ( fn === false ) {
fn = returnFalse;
} else if ( !fn ) {
return elem;
}
if ( one === 1 ) {
origFn = fn;
fn = function( event ) {
// Can use an empty set, since event contains the info
jQuery().off( event );
return origFn.apply( this, arguments );
};
// Use same guid so caller can remove using origFn
fn.guid = origFn.guid || ( origFn.guid = jQuery.guid++ );
}
return elem.each( function() {
jQuery.event.add( this, types, fn, data, selector );
} );
}
/*
* Helper functions for managing events -- not part of the public interface.
* Props to Dean Edwards' addEvent library for many of the ideas.
*/
jQuery.event = {
global: {},
add: function( elem, types, handler, data, selector ) {
var handleObjIn, eventHandle, tmp,
events, t, handleObj,
special, handlers, type, namespaces, origType,
elemData = dataPriv.get( elem );
// Don't attach events to noData or text/comment nodes (but allow plain objects)
if ( !elemData ) {
return;
}
// Caller can pass in an object of custom data in lieu of the handler
if ( handler.handler ) {
handleObjIn = handler;
handler = handleObjIn.handler;
selector = handleObjIn.selector;
}
// Ensure that invalid selectors throw exceptions at attach time
// Evaluate against documentElement in case elem is a non-element node (e.g., document)
if ( selector ) {
jQuery.find.matchesSelector( documentElement, selector );
}
// Make sure that the handler has a unique ID, used to find/remove it later
if ( !handler.guid ) {
handler.guid = jQuery.guid++;
}
// Init the element's event structure and main handler, if this is the first
if ( !( events = elemData.events ) ) {
events = elemData.events = {};
}
if ( !( eventHandle = elemData.handle ) ) {
eventHandle = elemData.handle = function( e ) {
// Discard the second event of a jQuery.event.trigger() and
// when an event is called after a page has unloaded
return typeof jQuery !== "undefined" && jQuery.event.triggered !== e.type ?
jQuery.event.dispatch.apply( elem, arguments ) : undefined;
};
}
// Handle multiple events separated by a space
types = ( types || "" ).match( rnothtmlwhite ) || [ "" ];
t = types.length;
while ( t-- ) {
tmp = rtypenamespace.exec( types[ t ] ) || [];
type = origType = tmp[ 1 ];
namespaces = ( tmp[ 2 ] || "" ).split( "." ).sort();
// There *must* be a type, no attaching namespace-only handlers
if ( !type ) {
continue;
}
// If event changes its type, use the special event handlers for the changed type
special = jQuery.event.special[ type ] || {};
// If selector defined, determine special event api type, otherwise given type
type = ( selector ? special.delegateType : special.bindType ) || type;
// Update special based on newly reset type
special = jQuery.event.special[ type ] || {};
// handleObj is passed to all event handlers
handleObj = jQuery.extend( {
type: type,
origType: origType,
data: data,
handler: handler,
guid: handler.guid,
selector: selector,
needsContext: selector && jQuery.expr.match.needsContext.test( selector ),
namespace: namespaces.join( "." )
}, handleObjIn );
// Init the event handler queue if we're the first
if ( !( handlers = events[ type ] ) ) {
handlers = events[ type ] = [];
handlers.delegateCount = 0;
// Only use addEventListener if the special events handler returns false
if ( !special.setup ||
special.setup.call( elem, data, namespaces, eventHandle ) === false ) {
if ( elem.addEventListener ) {
elem.addEventListener( type, eventHandle );
}
}
}
if ( special.add ) {
special.add.call( elem, handleObj );
if ( !handleObj.handler.guid ) {
handleObj.handler.guid = handler.guid;
}
}
// Add to the element's handler list, delegates in front
if ( selector ) {
handlers.splice( handlers.delegateCount++, 0, handleObj );
} else {
handlers.push( handleObj );
}
// Keep track of which events have ever been used, for event optimization
jQuery.event.global[ type ] = true;
}
},
// Detach an event or set of events from an element
remove: function( elem, types, handler, selector, mappedTypes ) {
var j, origCount, tmp,
events, t, handleObj,
special, handlers, type, namespaces, origType,
elemData = dataPriv.hasData( elem ) && dataPriv.get( elem );
if ( !elemData || !( events = elemData.events ) ) {
return;
}
// Once for each type.namespace in types; type may be omitted
types = ( types || "" ).match( rnothtmlwhite ) || [ "" ];
t = types.length;
while ( t-- ) {
tmp = rtypenamespace.exec( types[ t ] ) || [];
type = origType = tmp[ 1 ];
namespaces = ( tmp[ 2 ] || "" ).split( "." ).sort();
// Unbind all events (on this namespace, if provided) for the element
if ( !type ) {
for ( type in events ) {
jQuery.event.remove( elem, type + types[ t ], handler, selector, true );
}
continue;
}
special = jQuery.event.special[ type ] || {};
type = ( selector ? special.delegateType : special.bindType ) || type;
handlers = events[ type ] || [];
tmp = tmp[ 2 ] &&
new RegExp( "(^|\\.)" + namespaces.join( "\\.(?:.*\\.|)" ) + "(\\.|$)" );
// Remove matching events
origCount = j = handlers.length;
while ( j-- ) {
handleObj = handlers[ j ];
if ( ( mappedTypes || origType === handleObj.origType ) &&
( !handler || handler.guid === handleObj.guid ) &&
( !tmp || tmp.test( handleObj.namespace ) ) &&
( !selector || selector === handleObj.selector ||
selector === "**" && handleObj.selector ) ) {
handlers.splice( j, 1 );
if ( handleObj.selector ) {
handlers.delegateCount--;
}
if ( special.remove ) {
special.remove.call( elem, handleObj );
}
}
}
// Remove generic event handler if we removed something and no more handlers exist
// (avoids potential for endless recursion during removal of special event handlers)
if ( origCount && !handlers.length ) {
if ( !special.teardown ||
special.teardown.call( elem, namespaces, elemData.handle ) === false ) {
jQuery.removeEvent( elem, type, elemData.handle );
}
delete events[ type ];
}
}
// Remove data and the expando if it's no longer used
if ( jQuery.isEmptyObject( events ) ) {
dataPriv.remove( elem, "handle events" );
}
},
dispatch: function( nativeEvent ) {
// Make a writable jQuery.Event from the native event object
var event = jQuery.event.fix( nativeEvent );
var i, j, ret, matched, handleObj, handlerQueue,
args = new Array( arguments.length ),
handlers = ( dataPriv.get( this, "events" ) || {} )[ event.type ] || [],
special = jQuery.event.special[ event.type ] || {};
// Use the fix-ed jQuery.Event rather than the (read-only) native event
args[ 0 ] = event;
for ( i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++ ) {
args[ i ] = arguments[ i ];
}
event.delegateTarget = this;
// Call the preDispatch hook for the mapped type, and let it bail if desired
if ( special.preDispatch && special.preDispatch.call( this, event ) === false ) {
return;
}
// Determine handlers
handlerQueue = jQuery.event.handlers.call( this, event, handlers );
// Run delegates first; they may want to stop propagation beneath us
i = 0;
while ( ( matched = handlerQueue[ i++ ] ) && !event.isPropagationStopped() ) {
event.currentTarget = matched.elem;
j = 0;
while ( ( handleObj = matched.handlers[ j++ ] ) &&
!event.isImmediatePropagationStopped() ) {
// Triggered event must either 1) have no namespace, or 2) have namespace(s)
// a subset or equal to those in the bound event (both can have no namespace).
if ( !event.rnamespace || event.rnamespace.test( handleObj.namespace ) ) {
event.handleObj = handleObj;
event.data = handleObj.data;
ret = ( ( jQuery.event.special[ handleObj.origType ] || {} ).handle ||
handleObj.handler ).apply( matched.elem, args );
if ( ret !== undefined ) {
if ( ( event.result = ret ) === false ) {
event.preventDefault();
event.stopPropagation();
}
}
}
}
}
// Call the postDispatch hook for the mapped type
if ( special.postDispatch ) {
special.postDispatch.call( this, event );
}
return event.result;
},
handlers: function( event, handlers ) {
var i, handleObj, sel, matchedHandlers, matchedSelectors,
handlerQueue = [],
delegateCount = handlers.delegateCount,
cur = event.target;
// Find delegate handlers
if ( delegateCount &&
// Support: IE <=9
// Black-hole SVG <use> instance trees (trac-13180)
cur.nodeType &&
// Support: Firefox <=42
// Suppress spec-violating clicks indicating a non-primary pointer button (trac-3861)
// https://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-3-Events/#event-type-click
// Support: IE 11 only
// ...but not arrow key "clicks" of radio inputs, which can have `button` -1 (gh-2343)
!( event.type === "click" && event.button >= 1 ) ) {
for ( ; cur !== this; cur = cur.parentNode || this ) {
// Don't check non-elements (#13208)
// Don't process clicks on disabled elements (#6911, #8165, #11382, #11764)
if ( cur.nodeType === 1 && !( event.type === "click" && cur.disabled === true ) ) {
matchedHandlers = [];
matchedSelectors = {};
for ( i = 0; i < delegateCount; i++ ) {
handleObj = handlers[ i ];
// Don't conflict with Object.prototype properties (#13203)
sel = handleObj.selector + " ";
if ( matchedSelectors[ sel ] === undefined ) {
matchedSelectors[ sel ] = handleObj.needsContext ?
jQuery( sel, this ).index( cur ) > -1 :
jQuery.find( sel, this, null, [ cur ] ).length;
}
if ( matchedSelectors[ sel ] ) {
matchedHandlers.push( handleObj );
}
}
if ( matchedHandlers.length ) {
handlerQueue.push( { elem: cur, handlers: matchedHandlers } );
}
}
}
}
// Add the remaining (directly-bound) handlers
cur = this;
if ( delegateCount < handlers.length ) {
handlerQueue.push( { elem: cur, handlers: handlers.slice( delegateCount ) } );
}
return handlerQueue;
},
addProp: function( name, hook ) {
Object.defineProperty( jQuery.Event.prototype, name, {
enumerable: true,
configurable: true,
get: jQuery.isFunction( hook ) ?
function() {
if ( this.originalEvent ) {
return hook( this.originalEvent );
}
} :
function() {
if ( this.originalEvent ) {
return this.originalEvent[ name ];
}
},
set: function( value ) {
Object.defineProperty( this, name, {
enumerable: true,
configurable: true,
writable: true,
value: value
} );
}
} );
},
fix: function( originalEvent ) {
return originalEvent[ jQuery.expando ] ?
originalEvent :
new jQuery.Event( originalEvent );
},
special: {
load: {
// Prevent triggered image.load events from bubbling to window.load
noBubble: true
},
focus: {
// Fire native event if possible so blur/focus sequence is correct
trigger: function() {
if ( this !== safeActiveElement() && this.focus ) {
this.focus();
return false;
}
},
delegateType: "focusin"
},
blur: {
trigger: function() {
if ( this === safeActiveElement() && this.blur ) {
this.blur();
return false;
}
},
delegateType: "focusout"
},
click: {
// For checkbox, fire native event so checked state will be right
trigger: function() {
if ( this.type === "checkbox" && this.click && nodeName( this, "input" ) ) {
this.click();
return false;
}
},
// For cross-browser consistency, don't fire native .click() on links
_default: function( event ) {
return nodeName( event.target, "a" );
}
},
beforeunload: {
postDispatch: function( event ) {
// Support: Firefox 20+
// Firefox doesn't alert if the returnValue field is not set.
if ( event.result !== undefined && event.originalEvent ) {
event.originalEvent.returnValue = event.result;
}
}
}
}
};
jQuery.removeEvent = function( elem, type, handle ) {
// This "if" is needed for plain objects
if ( elem.removeEventListener ) {
elem.removeEventListener( type, handle );
}
};
jQuery.Event = function( src, props ) {
// Allow instantiation without the 'new' keyword
if ( !( this instanceof jQuery.Event ) ) {
return new jQuery.Event( src, props );
}
// Event object
if ( src && src.type ) {
this.originalEvent = src;
this.type = src.type;
// Events bubbling up the document may have been marked as prevented
// by a handler lower down the tree; reflect the correct value.
this.isDefaultPrevented = src.defaultPrevented ||
src.defaultPrevented === undefined &&
// Support: Android <=2.3 only
src.returnValue === false ?
returnTrue :
returnFalse;
// Create target properties
// Support: Safari <=6 - 7 only
// Target should not be a text node (#504, #13143)
this.target = ( src.target && src.target.nodeType === 3 ) ?
src.target.parentNode :
src.target;
this.currentTarget = src.currentTarget;
this.relatedTarget = src.relatedTarget;
// Event type
} else {
this.type = src;
}
// Put explicitly provided properties onto the event object
if ( props ) {
jQuery.extend( this, props );
}
// Create a timestamp if incoming event doesn't have one
this.timeStamp = src && src.timeStamp || jQuery.now();
// Mark it as fixed
this[ jQuery.expando ] = true;
};
// jQuery.Event is based on DOM3 Events as specified by the ECMAScript Language Binding
// https://www.w3.org/TR/2003/WD-DOM-Level-3-Events-20030331/ecma-script-binding.html
jQuery.Event.prototype = {
constructor: jQuery.Event,
isDefaultPrevented: returnFalse,
isPropagationStopped: returnFalse,
isImmediatePropagationStopped: returnFalse,
isSimulated: false,
preventDefault: function() {
var e = this.originalEvent;
this.isDefaultPrevented = returnTrue;
if ( e && !this.isSimulated ) {
e.preventDefault();
}
},
stopPropagation: function() {
var e = this.originalEvent;
this.isPropagationStopped = returnTrue;
if ( e && !this.isSimulated ) {
e.stopPropagation();
}
},
stopImmediatePropagation: function() {
var e = this.originalEvent;
this.isImmediatePropagationStopped = returnTrue;
if ( e && !this.isSimulated ) {
e.stopImmediatePropagation();
}
this.stopPropagation();
}
};
// Includes all common event props including KeyEvent and MouseEvent specific props
jQuery.each( {
altKey: true,
bubbles: true,
cancelable: true,
changedTouches: true,
ctrlKey: true,
detail: true,
eventPhase: true,
metaKey: true,
pageX: true,
pageY: true,
shiftKey: true,
view: true,
"char": true,
charCode: true,
key: true,
keyCode: true,
button: true,
buttons: true,
clientX: true,
clientY: true,
offsetX: true,
offsetY: true,
pointerId: true,
pointerType: true,
screenX: true,
screenY: true,
targetTouches: true,
toElement: true,
touches: true,
which: function( event ) {
var button = event.button;
// Add which for key events
if ( event.which == null && rkeyEvent.test( event.type ) ) {
return event.charCode != null ? event.charCode : event.keyCode;
}
// Add which for click: 1 === left; 2 === middle; 3 === right
if ( !event.which && button !== undefined && rmouseEvent.test( event.type ) ) {
if ( button & 1 ) {
return 1;
}
if ( button & 2 ) {
return 3;
}
if ( button & 4 ) {
return 2;
}
return 0;
}
return event.which;
}
}, jQuery.event.addProp );
// Create mouseenter/leave events using mouseover/out and event-time checks
// so that event delegation works in jQuery.
// Do the same for pointerenter/pointerleave and pointerover/pointerout
//
// Support: Safari 7 only
// Safari sends mouseenter too often; see:
// https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=470258
// for the description of the bug (it existed in older Chrome versions as well).
jQuery.each( {
mouseenter: "mouseover",
mouseleave: "mouseout",
pointerenter: "pointerover",
pointerleave: "pointerout"
}, function( orig, fix ) {
jQuery.event.special[ orig ] = {
delegateType: fix,
bindType: fix,
handle: function( event ) {
var ret,
target = this,
related = event.relatedTarget,
handleObj = event.handleObj;
// For mouseenter/leave call the handler if related is outside the target.
// NB: No relatedTarget if the mouse left/entered the browser window
if ( !related || ( related !== target && !jQuery.contains( target, related ) ) ) {
event.type = handleObj.origType;
ret = handleObj.handler.apply( this, arguments );
event.type = fix;
}
return ret;
}
};
} );
jQuery.fn.extend( {
on: function( types, selector, data, fn ) {
return on( this, types, selector, data, fn );
},
one: function( types, selector, data, fn ) {
return on( this, types, selector, data, fn, 1 );
},
off: function( types, selector, fn ) {
var handleObj, type;
if ( types && types.preventDefault && types.handleObj ) {
// ( event ) dispatched jQuery.Event
handleObj = types.handleObj;
jQuery( types.delegateTarget ).off(
handleObj.namespace ?
handleObj.origType + "." + handleObj.namespace :
handleObj.origType,
handleObj.selector,
handleObj.handler
);
return this;
}
if ( typeof types === "object" ) {
// ( types-object [, selector] )
for ( type in types ) {
this.off( type, selector, types[ type ] );
}
return this;
}
if ( selector === false || typeof selector === "function" ) {
// ( types [, fn] )
fn = selector;
selector = undefined;
}
if ( fn === false ) {
fn = returnFalse;
}
return this.each( function() {
jQuery.event.remove( this, types, fn, selector );
} );
}
} );
var
/* eslint-disable max-len */
// See https://github.com/eslint/eslint/issues/3229
rxhtmlTag = /<(?!area|br|col|embed|hr|img|input|link|meta|param)(([a-z][^\/\0>\x20\t\r\n\f]*)[^>]*)\/>/gi,
/* eslint-enable */
// Support: IE <=10 - 11, Edge 12 - 13
// In IE/Edge using regex groups here causes severe slowdowns.
// See https://connect.microsoft.com/IE/feedback/details/1736512/
rnoInnerhtml = /<script|<style|<link/i,
// checked="checked" or checked
rchecked = /checked\s*(?:[^=]|=\s*.checked.)/i,
rscriptTypeMasked = /^true\/(.*)/,
rcleanScript = /^\s*<!(?:\[CDATA\[|--)|(?:\]\]|--)>\s*$/g;
// Prefer a tbody over its parent table for containing new rows
function manipulationTarget( elem, content ) {
if ( nodeName( elem, "table" ) &&
nodeName( content.nodeType !== 11 ? content : content.firstChild, "tr" ) ) {
return jQuery( ">tbody", elem )[ 0 ] || elem;
}
return elem;
}
// Replace/restore the type attribute of script elements for safe DOM manipulation
function disableScript( elem ) {
elem.type = ( elem.getAttribute( "type" ) !== null ) + "/" + elem.type;
return elem;
}
function restoreScript( elem ) {
var match = rscriptTypeMasked.exec( elem.type );
if ( match ) {
elem.type = match[ 1 ];
} else {
elem.removeAttribute( "type" );
}
return elem;
}
function cloneCopyEvent( src, dest ) {
var i, l, type, pdataOld, pdataCur, udataOld, udataCur, events;
if ( dest.nodeType !== 1 ) {
return;
}
// 1. Copy private data: events, handlers, etc.
if ( dataPriv.hasData( src ) ) {
pdataOld = dataPriv.access( src );
pdataCur = dataPriv.set( dest, pdataOld );
events = pdataOld.events;
if ( events ) {
delete pdataCur.handle;
pdataCur.events = {};
for ( type in events ) {
for ( i = 0, l = events[ type ].length; i < l; i++ ) {
jQuery.event.add( dest, type, events[ type ][ i ] );
}
}
}
}
// 2. Copy user data
if ( dataUser.hasData( src ) ) {
udataOld = dataUser.access( src );
udataCur = jQuery.extend( {}, udataOld );
dataUser.set( dest, udataCur );
}
}
// Fix IE bugs, see support tests
function fixInput( src, dest ) {
var nodeName = dest.nodeName.toLowerCase();
// Fails to persist the checked state of a cloned checkbox or radio button.
if ( nodeName === "input" && rcheckableType.test( src.type ) ) {
dest.checked = src.checked;
// Fails to return the selected option to the default selected state when cloning options
} else if ( nodeName === "input" || nodeName === "textarea" ) {
dest.defaultValue = src.defaultValue;
}
}
function domManip( collection, args, callback, ignored ) {
// Flatten any nested arrays
args = concat.apply( [], args );
var fragment, first, scripts, hasScripts, node, doc,
i = 0,
l = collection.length,
iNoClone = l - 1,
value = args[ 0 ],
isFunction = jQuery.isFunction( value );
// We can't cloneNode fragments that contain checked, in WebKit
if ( isFunction ||
( l > 1 && typeof value === "string" &&
!support.checkClone && rchecked.test( value ) ) ) {
return collection.each( function( index ) {
var self = collection.eq( index );
if ( isFunction ) {
args[ 0 ] = value.call( this, index, self.html() );
}
domManip( self, args, callback, ignored );
} );
}
if ( l ) {
fragment = buildFragment( args, collection[ 0 ].ownerDocument, false, collection, ignored );
first = fragment.firstChild;
if ( fragment.childNodes.length === 1 ) {
fragment = first;
}
// Require either new content or an interest in ignored elements to invoke the callback
if ( first || ignored ) {
scripts = jQuery.map( getAll( fragment, "script" ), disableScript );
hasScripts = scripts.length;
// Use the original fragment for the last item
// instead of the first because it can end up
// being emptied incorrectly in certain situations (#8070).
for ( ; i < l; i++ ) {
node = fragment;
if ( i !== iNoClone ) {
node = jQuery.clone( node, true, true );
// Keep references to cloned scripts for later restoration
if ( hasScripts ) {
// Support: Android <=4.0 only, PhantomJS 1 only
// push.apply(_, arraylike) throws on ancient WebKit
jQuery.merge( scripts, getAll( node, "script" ) );
}
}
callback.call( collection[ i ], node, i );
}
if ( hasScripts ) {
doc = scripts[ scripts.length - 1 ].ownerDocument;
// Reenable scripts
jQuery.map( scripts, restoreScript );
// Evaluate executable scripts on first document insertion
for ( i = 0; i < hasScripts; i++ ) {
node = scripts[ i ];
if ( rscriptType.test( node.type || "" ) &&
!dataPriv.access( node, "globalEval" ) &&
jQuery.contains( doc, node ) ) {
if ( node.src ) {
// Optional AJAX dependency, but won't run scripts if not present
if ( jQuery._evalUrl ) {
jQuery._evalUrl( node.src );
}
} else {
DOMEval( node.textContent.replace( rcleanScript, "" ), doc );
}
}
}
}
}
}
return collection;
}
function remove( elem, selector, keepData ) {
var node,
nodes = selector ? jQuery.filter( selector, elem ) : elem,
i = 0;
for ( ; ( node = nodes[ i ] ) != null; i++ ) {
if ( !keepData && node.nodeType === 1 ) {
jQuery.cleanData( getAll( node ) );
}
if ( node.parentNode ) {
if ( keepData && jQuery.contains( node.ownerDocument, node ) ) {
setGlobalEval( getAll( node, "script" ) );
}
node.parentNode.removeChild( node );
}
}
return elem;
}
jQuery.extend( {
htmlPrefilter: function( html ) {
return html.replace( rxhtmlTag, "<$1></$2>" );
},
clone: function( elem, dataAndEvents, deepDataAndEvents ) {
var i, l, srcElements, destElements,
clone = elem.cloneNode( true ),
inPage = jQuery.contains( elem.ownerDocument, elem );
// Fix IE cloning issues
if ( !support.noCloneChecked && ( elem.nodeType === 1 || elem.nodeType === 11 ) &&
!jQuery.isXMLDoc( elem ) ) {
// We eschew Sizzle here for performance reasons: https://jsperf.com/getall-vs-sizzle/2
destElements = getAll( clone );
srcElements = getAll( elem );
for ( i = 0, l = srcElements.length; i < l; i++ ) {
fixInput( srcElements[ i ], destElements[ i ] );
}
}
// Copy the events from the original to the clone
if ( dataAndEvents ) {
if ( deepDataAndEvents ) {
srcElements = srcElements || getAll( elem );
destElements = destElements || getAll( clone );
for ( i = 0, l = srcElements.length; i < l; i++ ) {
cloneCopyEvent( srcElements[ i ], destElements[ i ] );
}
} else {
cloneCopyEvent( elem, clone );
}
}
// Preserve script evaluation history
destElements = getAll( clone, "script" );
if ( destElements.length > 0 ) {
setGlobalEval( destElements, !inPage && getAll( elem, "script" ) );
}
// Return the cloned set
return clone;
},
cleanData: function( elems ) {
var data, elem, type,
special = jQuery.event.special,
i = 0;
for ( ; ( elem = elems[ i ] ) !== undefined; i++ ) {
if ( acceptData( elem ) ) {
if ( ( data = elem[ dataPriv.expando ] ) ) {
if ( data.events ) {
for ( type in data.events ) {
if ( special[ type ] ) {
jQuery.event.remove( elem, type );
// This is a shortcut to avoid jQuery.event.remove's overhead
} else {
jQuery.removeEvent( elem, type, data.handle );
}
}
}
// Support: Chrome <=35 - 45+
// Assign undefined instead of using delete, see Data#remove
elem[ dataPriv.expando ] = undefined;
}
if ( elem[ dataUser.expando ] ) {
// Support: Chrome <=35 - 45+
// Assign undefined instead of using delete, see Data#remove
elem[ dataUser.expando ] = undefined;
}
}
}
}
} );
jQuery.fn.extend( {
detach: function( selector ) {
return remove( this, selector, true );
},
remove: function( selector ) {
return remove( this, selector );
},
text: function( value ) {
return access( this, function( value ) {
return value === undefined ?
jQuery.text( this ) :
this.empty().each( function() {
if ( this.nodeType === 1 || this.nodeType === 11 || this.nodeType === 9 ) {
this.textContent = value;
}
} );
}, null, value, arguments.length );
},
append: function() {
return domManip( this, arguments, function( elem ) {
if ( this.nodeType === 1 || this.nodeType === 11 || this.nodeType === 9 ) {
var target = manipulationTarget( this, elem );
target.appendChild( elem );
}
} );
},
prepend: function() {
return domManip( this, arguments, function( elem ) {
if ( this.nodeType === 1 || this.nodeType === 11 || this.nodeType === 9 ) {
var target = manipulationTarget( this, elem );
target.insertBefore( elem, target.firstChild );
}
} );
},
before: function() {
return domManip( this, arguments, function( elem ) {
if ( this.parentNode ) {
this.parentNode.insertBefore( elem, this );
}
} );
},
after: function() {
return domManip( this, arguments, function( elem ) {
if ( this.parentNode ) {
this.parentNode.insertBefore( elem, this.nextSibling );
}
} );
},
empty: function() {
var elem,
i = 0;
for ( ; ( elem = this[ i ] ) != null; i++ ) {
if ( elem.nodeType === 1 ) {
// Prevent memory leaks
jQuery.cleanData( getAll( elem, false ) );
// Remove any remaining nodes
elem.textContent = "";
}
}
return this;
},
clone: function( dataAndEvents, deepDataAndEvents ) {
dataAndEvents = dataAndEvents == null ? false : dataAndEvents;
deepDataAndEvents = deepDataAndEvents == null ? dataAndEvents : deepDataAndEvents;
return this.map( function() {
return jQuery.clone( this, dataAndEvents, deepDataAndEvents );
} );
},
html: function( value ) {
return access( this, function( value ) {
var elem = this[ 0 ] || {},
i = 0,
l = this.length;
if ( value === undefined && elem.nodeType === 1 ) {
return elem.innerHTML;
}
// See if we can take a shortcut and just use innerHTML
if ( typeof value === "string" && !rnoInnerhtml.test( value ) &&
!wrapMap[ ( rtagName.exec( value ) || [ "", "" ] )[ 1 ].toLowerCase() ] ) {
value = jQuery.htmlPrefilter( value );
try {
for ( ; i < l; i++ ) {
elem = this[ i ] || {};
// Remove element nodes and prevent memory leaks
if ( elem.nodeType === 1 ) {
jQuery.cleanData( getAll( elem, false ) );
elem.innerHTML = value;
}
}
elem = 0;
// If using innerHTML throws an exception, use the fallback method
} catch ( e ) {}
}
if ( elem ) {
this.empty().append( value );
}
}, null, value, arguments.length );
},
replaceWith: function() {
var ignored = [];
// Make the changes, replacing each non-ignored context element with the new content
return domManip( this, arguments, function( elem ) {
var parent = this.parentNode;
if ( jQuery.inArray( this, ignored ) < 0 ) {
jQuery.cleanData( getAll( this ) );
if ( parent ) {
parent.replaceChild( elem, this );
}
}
// Force callback invocation
}, ignored );
}
} );
jQuery.each( {
appendTo: "append",
prependTo: "prepend",
insertBefore: "before",
insertAfter: "after",
replaceAll: "replaceWith"
}, function( name, original ) {
jQuery.fn[ name ] = function( selector ) {
var elems,
ret = [],
insert = jQuery( selector ),
last = insert.length - 1,
i = 0;
for ( ; i <= last; i++ ) {
elems = i === last ? this : this.clone( true );
jQuery( insert[ i ] )[ original ]( elems );
// Support: Android <=4.0 only, PhantomJS 1 only
// .get() because push.apply(_, arraylike) throws on ancient WebKit
push.apply( ret, elems.get() );
}
return this.pushStack( ret );
};
} );
var rmargin = ( /^margin/ );
var rnumnonpx = new RegExp( "^(" + pnum + ")(?!px)[a-z%]+$", "i" );
var getStyles = function( elem ) {
// Support: IE <=11 only, Firefox <=30 (#15098, #14150)
// IE throws on elements created in popups
// FF meanwhile throws on frame elements through "defaultView.getComputedStyle"
var view = elem.ownerDocument.defaultView;
if ( !view || !view.opener ) {
view = window;
}
return view.getComputedStyle( elem );
};
( function() {
// Executing both pixelPosition & boxSizingReliable tests require only one layout
// so they're executed at the same time to save the second computation.
function computeStyleTests() {
// This is a singleton, we need to execute it only once
if ( !div ) {
return;
}
div.style.cssText =
"box-sizing:border-box;" +
"position:relative;display:block;" +
"margin:auto;border:1px;padding:1px;" +
"top:1%;width:50%";
div.innerHTML = "";
documentElement.appendChild( container );
var divStyle = window.getComputedStyle( div );
pixelPositionVal = divStyle.top !== "1%";
// Support: Android 4.0 - 4.3 only, Firefox <=3 - 44
reliableMarginLeftVal = divStyle.marginLeft === "2px";
boxSizingReliableVal = divStyle.width === "4px";
// Support: Android 4.0 - 4.3 only
// Some styles come back with percentage values, even though they shouldn't
div.style.marginRight = "50%";
pixelMarginRightVal = divStyle.marginRight === "4px";
documentElement.removeChild( container );
// Nullify the div so it wouldn't be stored in the memory and
// it will also be a sign that checks already performed
div = null;
}
var pixelPositionVal, boxSizingReliableVal, pixelMarginRightVal, reliableMarginLeftVal,
container = document.createElement( "div" ),
div = document.createElement( "div" );
// Finish early in limited (non-browser) environments
if ( !div.style ) {
return;
}
// Support: IE <=9 - 11 only
// Style of cloned element affects source element cloned (#8908)
div.style.backgroundClip = "content-box";
div.cloneNode( true ).style.backgroundClip = "";
support.clearCloneStyle = div.style.backgroundClip === "content-box";
container.style.cssText = "border:0;width:8px;height:0;top:0;left:-9999px;" +
"padding:0;margin-top:1px;position:absolute";
container.appendChild( div );
jQuery.extend( support, {
pixelPosition: function() {
computeStyleTests();
return pixelPositionVal;
},
boxSizingReliable: function() {
computeStyleTests();
return boxSizingReliableVal;
},
pixelMarginRight: function() {
computeStyleTests();
return pixelMarginRightVal;
},
reliableMarginLeft: function() {
computeStyleTests();
return reliableMarginLeftVal;
}
} );
} )();
function curCSS( elem, name, computed ) {
var width, minWidth, maxWidth, ret,
// Support: Firefox 51+
// Retrieving style before computed somehow
// fixes an issue with getting wrong values
// on detached elements
style = elem.style;
computed = computed || getStyles( elem );
// getPropertyValue is needed for:
// .css('filter') (IE 9 only, #12537)
// .css('--customProperty) (#3144)
if ( computed ) {
ret = computed.getPropertyValue( name ) || computed[ name ];
if ( ret === "" && !jQuery.contains( elem.ownerDocument, elem ) ) {
ret = jQuery.style( elem, name );
}
// A tribute to the "awesome hack by Dean Edwards"
// Android Browser returns percentage for some values,
// but width seems to be reliably pixels.
// This is against the CSSOM draft spec:
// https://drafts.csswg.org/cssom/#resolved-values
if ( !support.pixelMarginRight() && rnumnonpx.test( ret ) && rmargin.test( name ) ) {
// Remember the original values
width = style.width;
minWidth = style.minWidth;
maxWidth = style.maxWidth;
// Put in the new values to get a computed value out
style.minWidth = style.maxWidth = style.width = ret;
ret = computed.width;
// Revert the changed values
style.width = width;
style.minWidth = minWidth;
style.maxWidth = maxWidth;
}
}
return ret !== undefined ?
// Support: IE <=9 - 11 only
// IE returns zIndex value as an integer.
ret + "" :
ret;
}
function addGetHookIf( conditionFn, hookFn ) {
// Define the hook, we'll check on the first run if it's really needed.
return {
get: function() {
if ( conditionFn() ) {
// Hook not needed (or it's not possible to use it due
// to missing dependency), remove it.
delete this.get;
return;
}
// Hook needed; redefine it so that the support test is not executed again.
return ( this.get = hookFn ).apply( this, arguments );
}
};
}
var
// Swappable if display is none or starts with table
// except "table", "table-cell", or "table-caption"
// See here for display values: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/CSS/display
rdisplayswap = /^(none|table(?!-c[ea]).+)/,
rcustomProp = /^--/,
cssShow = { position: "absolute", visibility: "hidden", display: "block" },
cssNormalTransform = {
letterSpacing: "0",
fontWeight: "400"
},
cssPrefixes = [ "Webkit", "Moz", "ms" ],
emptyStyle = document.createElement( "div" ).style;
// Return a css property mapped to a potentially vendor prefixed property
function vendorPropName( name ) {
// Shortcut for names that are not vendor prefixed
if ( name in emptyStyle ) {
return name;
}
// Check for vendor prefixed names
var capName = name[ 0 ].toUpperCase() + name.slice( 1 ),
i = cssPrefixes.length;
while ( i-- ) {
name = cssPrefixes[ i ] + capName;
if ( name in emptyStyle ) {
return name;
}
}
}
// Return a property mapped along what jQuery.cssProps suggests or to
// a vendor prefixed property.
function finalPropName( name ) {
var ret = jQuery.cssProps[ name ];
if ( !ret ) {
ret = jQuery.cssProps[ name ] = vendorPropName( name ) || name;
}
return ret;
}
function setPositiveNumber( elem, value, subtract ) {
// Any relative (+/-) values have already been
// normalized at this point
var matches = rcssNum.exec( value );
return matches ?
// Guard against undefined "subtract", e.g., when used as in cssHooks
Math.max( 0, matches[ 2 ] - ( subtract || 0 ) ) + ( matches[ 3 ] || "px" ) :
value;
}
function augmentWidthOrHeight( elem, name, extra, isBorderBox, styles ) {
var i,
val = 0;
// If we already have the right measurement, avoid augmentation
if ( extra === ( isBorderBox ? "border" : "content" ) ) {
i = 4;
// Otherwise initialize for horizontal or vertical properties
} else {
i = name === "width" ? 1 : 0;
}
for ( ; i < 4; i += 2 ) {
// Both box models exclude margin, so add it if we want it
if ( extra === "margin" ) {
val += jQuery.css( elem, extra + cssExpand[ i ], true, styles );
}
if ( isBorderBox ) {
// border-box includes padding, so remove it if we want content
if ( extra === "content" ) {
val -= jQuery.css( elem, "padding" + cssExpand[ i ], true, styles );
}
// At this point, extra isn't border nor margin, so remove border
if ( extra !== "margin" ) {
val -= jQuery.css( elem, "border" + cssExpand[ i ] + "Width", true, styles );
}
} else {
// At this point, extra isn't content, so add padding
val += jQuery.css( elem, "padding" + cssExpand[ i ], true, styles );
// At this point, extra isn't content nor padding, so add border
if ( extra !== "padding" ) {
val += jQuery.css( elem, "border" + cssExpand[ i ] + "Width", true, styles );
}
}
}
return val;
}
function getWidthOrHeight( elem, name, extra ) {
// Start with computed style
var valueIsBorderBox,
styles = getStyles( elem ),
val = curCSS( elem, name, styles ),
isBorderBox = jQuery.css( elem, "boxSizing", false, styles ) === "border-box";
// Computed unit is not pixels. Stop here and return.
if ( rnumnonpx.test( val ) ) {
return val;
}
// Check for style in case a browser which returns unreliable values
// for getComputedStyle silently falls back to the reliable elem.style
valueIsBorderBox = isBorderBox &&
( support.boxSizingReliable() || val === elem.style[ name ] );
// Fall back to offsetWidth/Height when value is "auto"
// This happens for inline elements with no explicit setting (gh-3571)
if ( val === "auto" ) {
val = elem[ "offset" + name[ 0 ].toUpperCase() + name.slice( 1 ) ];
}
// Normalize "", auto, and prepare for extra
val = parseFloat( val ) || 0;
// Use the active box-sizing model to add/subtract irrelevant styles
return ( val +
augmentWidthOrHeight(
elem,
name,
extra || ( isBorderBox ? "border" : "content" ),
valueIsBorderBox,
styles
)
) + "px";
}
jQuery.extend( {
// Add in style property hooks for overriding the default
// behavior of getting and setting a style property
cssHooks: {
opacity: {
get: function( elem, computed ) {
if ( computed ) {
// We should always get a number back from opacity
var ret = curCSS( elem, "opacity" );
return ret === "" ? "1" : ret;
}
}
}
},
// Don't automatically add "px" to these possibly-unitless properties
cssNumber: {
"animationIterationCount": true,
"columnCount": true,
"fillOpacity": true,
"flexGrow": true,
"flexShrink": true,
"fontWeight": true,
"lineHeight": true,
"opacity": true,
"order": true,
"orphans": true,
"widows": true,
"zIndex": true,
"zoom": true
},
// Add in properties whose names you wish to fix before
// setting or getting the value
cssProps: {
"float": "cssFloat"
},
// Get and set the style property on a DOM Node
style: function( elem, name, value, extra ) {
// Don't set styles on text and comment nodes
if ( !elem || elem.nodeType === 3 || elem.nodeType === 8 || !elem.style ) {
return;
}
// Make sure that we're working with the right name
var ret, type, hooks,
origName = jQuery.camelCase( name ),
isCustomProp = rcustomProp.test( name ),
style = elem.style;
// Make sure that we're working with the right name. We don't
// want to query the value if it is a CSS custom property
// since they are user-defined.
if ( !isCustomProp ) {
name = finalPropName( origName );
}
// Gets hook for the prefixed version, then unprefixed version
hooks = jQuery.cssHooks[ name ] || jQuery.cssHooks[ origName ];
// Check if we're setting a value
if ( value !== undefined ) {
type = typeof value;
// Convert "+=" or "-=" to relative numbers (#7345)
if ( type === "string" && ( ret = rcssNum.exec( value ) ) && ret[ 1 ] ) {
value = adjustCSS( elem, name, ret );
// Fixes bug #9237
type = "number";
}
// Make sure that null and NaN values aren't set (#7116)
if ( value == null || value !== value ) {
return;
}
// If a number was passed in, add the unit (except for certain CSS properties)
if ( type === "number" ) {
value += ret && ret[ 3 ] || ( jQuery.cssNumber[ origName ] ? "" : "px" );
}
// background-* props affect original clone's values
if ( !support.clearCloneStyle && value === "" && name.indexOf( "background" ) === 0 ) {
style[ name ] = "inherit";
}
// If a hook was provided, use that value, otherwise just set the specified value
if ( !hooks || !( "set" in hooks ) ||
( value = hooks.set( elem, value, extra ) ) !== undefined ) {
if ( isCustomProp ) {
style.setProperty( name, value );
} else {
style[ name ] = value;
}
}
} else {
// If a hook was provided get the non-computed value from there
if ( hooks && "get" in hooks &&
( ret = hooks.get( elem, false, extra ) ) !== undefined ) {
return ret;
}
// Otherwise just get the value from the style object
return style[ name ];
}
},
css: function( elem, name, extra, styles ) {
var val, num, hooks,
origName = jQuery.camelCase( name ),
isCustomProp = rcustomProp.test( name );
// Make sure that we're working with the right name. We don't
// want to modify the value if it is a CSS custom property
// since they are user-defined.
if ( !isCustomProp ) {
name = finalPropName( origName );
}
// Try prefixed name followed by the unprefixed name
hooks = jQuery.cssHooks[ name ] || jQuery.cssHooks[ origName ];
// If a hook was provided get the computed value from there
if ( hooks && "get" in hooks ) {
val = hooks.get( elem, true, extra );
}
// Otherwise, if a way to get the computed value exists, use that
if ( val === undefined ) {
val = curCSS( elem, name, styles );
}
// Convert "normal" to computed value
if ( val === "normal" && name in cssNormalTransform ) {
val = cssNormalTransform[ name ];
}
// Make numeric if forced or a qualifier was provided and val looks numeric
if ( extra === "" || extra ) {
num = parseFloat( val );
return extra === true || isFinite( num ) ? num || 0 : val;
}
return val;
}
} );
jQuery.each( [ "height", "width" ], function( i, name ) {
jQuery.cssHooks[ name ] = {
get: function( elem, computed, extra ) {
if ( computed ) {
// Certain elements can have dimension info if we invisibly show them
// but it must have a current display style that would benefit
return rdisplayswap.test( jQuery.css( elem, "display" ) ) &&
// Support: Safari 8+
// Table columns in Safari have non-zero offsetWidth & zero
// getBoundingClientRect().width unless display is changed.
// Support: IE <=11 only
// Running getBoundingClientRect on a disconnected node
// in IE throws an error.
( !elem.getClientRects().length || !elem.getBoundingClientRect().width ) ?
swap( elem, cssShow, function() {
return getWidthOrHeight( elem, name, extra );
} ) :
getWidthOrHeight( elem, name, extra );
}
},
set: function( elem, value, extra ) {
var matches,
styles = extra && getStyles( elem ),
subtract = extra && augmentWidthOrHeight(
elem,
name,
extra,
jQuery.css( elem, "boxSizing", false, styles ) === "border-box",
styles
);
// Convert to pixels if value adjustment is needed
if ( subtract && ( matches = rcssNum.exec( value ) ) &&
( matches[ 3 ] || "px" ) !== "px" ) {
elem.style[ name ] = value;
value = jQuery.css( elem, name );
}
return setPositiveNumber( elem, value, subtract );
}
};
} );
jQuery.cssHooks.marginLeft = addGetHookIf( support.reliableMarginLeft,
function( elem, computed ) {
if ( computed ) {
return ( parseFloat( curCSS( elem, "marginLeft" ) ) ||
elem.getBoundingClientRect().left -
swap( elem, { marginLeft: 0 }, function() {
return elem.getBoundingClientRect().left;
} )
) + "px";
}
}
);
// These hooks are used by animate to expand properties
jQuery.each( {
margin: "",
padding: "",
border: "Width"
}, function( prefix, suffix ) {
jQuery.cssHooks[ prefix + suffix ] = {
expand: function( value ) {
var i = 0,
expanded = {},
// Assumes a single number if not a string
parts = typeof value === "string" ? value.split( " " ) : [ value ];
for ( ; i < 4; i++ ) {
expanded[ prefix + cssExpand[ i ] + suffix ] =
parts[ i ] || parts[ i - 2 ] || parts[ 0 ];
}
return expanded;
}
};
if ( !rmargin.test( prefix ) ) {
jQuery.cssHooks[ prefix + suffix ].set = setPositiveNumber;
}
} );
jQuery.fn.extend( {
css: function( name, value ) {
return access( this, function( elem, name, value ) {
var styles, len,
map = {},
i = 0;
if ( Array.isArray( name ) ) {
styles = getStyles( elem );
len = name.length;
for ( ; i < len; i++ ) {
map[ name[ i ] ] = jQuery.css( elem, name[ i ], false, styles );
}
return map;
}
return value !== undefined ?
jQuery.style( elem, name, value ) :
jQuery.css( elem, name );
}, name, value, arguments.length > 1 );
}
} );
function Tween( elem, options, prop, end, easing ) {
return new Tween.prototype.init( elem, options, prop, end, easing );
}
jQuery.Tween = Tween;
Tween.prototype = {
constructor: Tween,
init: function( elem, options, prop, end, easing, unit ) {
this.elem = elem;
this.prop = prop;
this.easing = easing || jQuery.easing._default;
this.options = options;
this.start = this.now = this.cur();
this.end = end;
this.unit = unit || ( jQuery.cssNumber[ prop ] ? "" : "px" );
},
cur: function() {
var hooks = Tween.propHooks[ this.prop ];
return hooks && hooks.get ?
hooks.get( this ) :
Tween.propHooks._default.get( this );
},
run: function( percent ) {
var eased,
hooks = Tween.propHooks[ this.prop ];
if ( this.options.duration ) {
this.pos = eased = jQuery.easing[ this.easing ](
percent, this.options.duration * percent, 0, 1, this.options.duration
);
} else {
this.pos = eased = percent;
}
this.now = ( this.end - this.start ) * eased + this.start;
if ( this.options.step ) {
this.options.step.call( this.elem, this.now, this );
}
if ( hooks && hooks.set ) {
hooks.set( this );
} else {
Tween.propHooks._default.set( this );
}
return this;
}
};
Tween.prototype.init.prototype = Tween.prototype;
Tween.propHooks = {
_default: {
get: function( tween ) {
var result;
// Use a property on the element directly when it is not a DOM element,
// or when there is no matching style property that exists.
if ( tween.elem.nodeType !== 1 ||
tween.elem[ tween.prop ] != null && tween.elem.style[ tween.prop ] == null ) {
return tween.elem[ tween.prop ];
}
// Passing an empty string as a 3rd parameter to .css will automatically
// attempt a parseFloat and fallback to a string if the parse fails.
// Simple values such as "10px" are parsed to Float;
// complex values such as "rotate(1rad)" are returned as-is.
result = jQuery.css( tween.elem, tween.prop, "" );
// Empty strings, null, undefined and "auto" are converted to 0.
return !result || result === "auto" ? 0 : result;
},
set: function( tween ) {
// Use step hook for back compat.
// Use cssHook if its there.
// Use .style if available and use plain properties where available.
if ( jQuery.fx.step[ tween.prop ] ) {
jQuery.fx.step[ tween.prop ]( tween );
} else if ( tween.elem.nodeType === 1 &&
( tween.elem.style[ jQuery.cssProps[ tween.prop ] ] != null ||
jQuery.cssHooks[ tween.prop ] ) ) {
jQuery.style( tween.elem, tween.prop, tween.now + tween.unit );
} else {
tween.elem[ tween.prop ] = tween.now;
}
}
}
};
// Support: IE <=9 only
// Panic based approach to setting things on disconnected nodes
Tween.propHooks.scrollTop = Tween.propHooks.scrollLeft = {
set: function( tween ) {
if ( tween.elem.nodeType && tween.elem.parentNode ) {
tween.elem[ tween.prop ] = tween.now;
}
}
};
jQuery.easing = {
linear: function( p ) {
return p;
},
swing: function( p ) {
return 0.5 - Math.cos( p * Math.PI ) / 2;
},
_default: "swing"
};
jQuery.fx = Tween.prototype.init;
// Back compat <1.8 extension point
jQuery.fx.step = {};
var
fxNow, inProgress,
rfxtypes = /^(?:toggle|show|hide)$/,
rrun = /queueHooks$/;
function schedule() {
if ( inProgress ) {
if ( document.hidden === false && window.requestAnimationFrame ) {
window.requestAnimationFrame( schedule );
} else {
window.setTimeout( schedule, jQuery.fx.interval );
}
jQuery.fx.tick();
}
}
// Animations created synchronously will run synchronously
function createFxNow() {
window.setTimeout( function() {
fxNow = undefined;
} );
return ( fxNow = jQuery.now() );
}
// Generate parameters to create a standard animation
function genFx( type, includeWidth ) {
var which,
i = 0,
attrs = { height: type };
// If we include width, step value is 1 to do all cssExpand values,
// otherwise step value is 2 to skip over Left and Right
includeWidth = includeWidth ? 1 : 0;
for ( ; i < 4; i += 2 - includeWidth ) {
which = cssExpand[ i ];
attrs[ "margin" + which ] = attrs[ "padding" + which ] = type;
}
if ( includeWidth ) {
attrs.opacity = attrs.width = type;
}
return attrs;
}
function createTween( value, prop, animation ) {
var tween,
collection = ( Animation.tweeners[ prop ] || [] ).concat( Animation.tweeners[ "*" ] ),
index = 0,
length = collection.length;
for ( ; index < length; index++ ) {
if ( ( tween = collection[ index ].call( animation, prop, value ) ) ) {
// We're done with this property
return tween;
}
}
}
function defaultPrefilter( elem, props, opts ) {
var prop, value, toggle, hooks, oldfire, propTween, restoreDisplay, display,
isBox = "width" in props || "height" in props,
anim = this,
orig = {},
style = elem.style,
hidden = elem.nodeType && isHiddenWithinTree( elem ),
dataShow = dataPriv.get( elem, "fxshow" );
// Queue-skipping animations hijack the fx hooks
if ( !opts.queue ) {
hooks = jQuery._queueHooks( elem, "fx" );
if ( hooks.unqueued == null ) {
hooks.unqueued = 0;
oldfire = hooks.empty.fire;
hooks.empty.fire = function() {
if ( !hooks.unqueued ) {
oldfire();
}
};
}
hooks.unqueued++;
anim.always( function() {
// Ensure the complete handler is called before this completes
anim.always( function() {
hooks.unqueued--;
if ( !jQuery.queue( elem, "fx" ).length ) {
hooks.empty.fire();
}
} );
} );
}
// Detect show/hide animations
for ( prop in props ) {
value = props[ prop ];
if ( rfxtypes.test( value ) ) {
delete props[ prop ];
toggle = toggle || value === "toggle";
if ( value === ( hidden ? "hide" : "show" ) ) {
// Pretend to be hidden if this is a "show" and
// there is still data from a stopped show/hide
if ( value === "show" && dataShow && dataShow[ prop ] !== undefined ) {
hidden = true;
// Ignore all other no-op show/hide data
} else {
continue;
}
}
orig[ prop ] = dataShow && dataShow[ prop ] || jQuery.style( elem, prop );
}
}
// Bail out if this is a no-op like .hide().hide()
propTween = !jQuery.isEmptyObject( props );
if ( !propTween && jQuery.isEmptyObject( orig ) ) {
return;
}
// Restrict "overflow" and "display" styles during box animations
if ( isBox && elem.nodeType === 1 ) {
// Support: IE <=9 - 11, Edge 12 - 13
// Record all 3 overflow attributes because IE does not infer the shorthand
// from identically-valued overflowX and overflowY
opts.overflow = [ style.overflow, style.overflowX, style.overflowY ];
// Identify a display type, preferring old show/hide data over the CSS cascade
restoreDisplay = dataShow && dataShow.display;
if ( restoreDisplay == null ) {
restoreDisplay = dataPriv.get( elem, "display" );
}
display = jQuery.css( elem, "display" );
if ( display === "none" ) {
if ( restoreDisplay ) {
display = restoreDisplay;
} else {
// Get nonempty value(s) by temporarily forcing visibility
showHide( [ elem ], true );
restoreDisplay = elem.style.display || restoreDisplay;
display = jQuery.css( elem, "display" );
showHide( [ elem ] );
}
}
// Animate inline elements as inline-block
if ( display === "inline" || display === "inline-block" && restoreDisplay != null ) {
if ( jQuery.css( elem, "float" ) === "none" ) {
// Restore the original display value at the end of pure show/hide animations
if ( !propTween ) {
anim.done( function() {
style.display = restoreDisplay;
} );
if ( restoreDisplay == null ) {
display = style.display;
restoreDisplay = display === "none" ? "" : display;
}
}
style.display = "inline-block";
}
}
}
if ( opts.overflow ) {
style.overflow = "hidden";
anim.always( function() {
style.overflow = opts.overflow[ 0 ];
style.overflowX = opts.overflow[ 1 ];
style.overflowY = opts.overflow[ 2 ];
} );
}
// Implement show/hide animations
propTween = false;
for ( prop in orig ) {
// General show/hide setup for this element animation
if ( !propTween ) {
if ( dataShow ) {
if ( "hidden" in dataShow ) {
hidden = dataShow.hidden;
}
} else {
dataShow = dataPriv.access( elem, "fxshow", { display: restoreDisplay } );
}
// Store hidden/visible for toggle so `.stop().toggle()` "reverses"
if ( toggle ) {
dataShow.hidden = !hidden;
}
// Show elements before animating them
if ( hidden ) {
showHide( [ elem ], true );
}
/* eslint-disable no-loop-func */
anim.done( function() {
/* eslint-enable no-loop-func */
// The final step of a "hide" animation is actually hiding the element
if ( !hidden ) {
showHide( [ elem ] );
}
dataPriv.remove( elem, "fxshow" );
for ( prop in orig ) {
jQuery.style( elem, prop, orig[ prop ] );
}
} );
}
// Per-property setup
propTween = createTween( hidden ? dataShow[ prop ] : 0, prop, anim );
if ( !( prop in dataShow ) ) {
dataShow[ prop ] = propTween.start;
if ( hidden ) {
propTween.end = propTween.start;
propTween.start = 0;
}
}
}
}
function propFilter( props, specialEasing ) {
var index, name, easing, value, hooks;
// camelCase, specialEasing and expand cssHook pass
for ( index in props ) {
name = jQuery.camelCase( index );
easing = specialEasing[ name ];
value = props[ index ];
if ( Array.isArray( value ) ) {
easing = value[ 1 ];
value = props[ index ] = value[ 0 ];
}
if ( index !== name ) {
props[ name ] = value;
delete props[ index ];
}
hooks = jQuery.cssHooks[ name ];
if ( hooks && "expand" in hooks ) {
value = hooks.expand( value );
delete props[ name ];
// Not quite $.extend, this won't overwrite existing keys.
// Reusing 'index' because we have the correct "name"
for ( index in value ) {
if ( !( index in props ) ) {
props[ index ] = value[ index ];
specialEasing[ index ] = easing;
}
}
} else {
specialEasing[ name ] = easing;
}
}
}
function Animation( elem, properties, options ) {
var result,
stopped,
index = 0,
length = Animation.prefilters.length,
deferred = jQuery.Deferred().always( function() {
// Don't match elem in the :animated selector
delete tick.elem;
} ),
tick = function() {
if ( stopped ) {
return false;
}
var currentTime = fxNow || createFxNow(),
remaining = Math.max( 0, animation.startTime + animation.duration - currentTime ),
// Support: Android 2.3 only
// Archaic crash bug won't allow us to use `1 - ( 0.5 || 0 )` (#12497)
temp = remaining / animation.duration || 0,
percent = 1 - temp,
index = 0,
length = animation.tweens.length;
for ( ; index < length; index++ ) {
animation.tweens[ index ].run( percent );
}
deferred.notifyWith( elem, [ animation, percent, remaining ] );
// If there's more to do, yield
if ( percent < 1 && length ) {
return remaining;
}
// If this was an empty animation, synthesize a final progress notification
if ( !length ) {
deferred.notifyWith( elem, [ animation, 1, 0 ] );
}
// Resolve the animation and report its conclusion
deferred.resolveWith( elem, [ animation ] );
return false;
},
animation = deferred.promise( {
elem: elem,
props: jQuery.extend( {}, properties ),
opts: jQuery.extend( true, {
specialEasing: {},
easing: jQuery.easing._default
}, options ),
originalProperties: properties,
originalOptions: options,
startTime: fxNow || createFxNow(),
duration: options.duration,
tweens: [],
createTween: function( prop, end ) {
var tween = jQuery.Tween( elem, animation.opts, prop, end,
animation.opts.specialEasing[ prop ] || animation.opts.easing );
animation.tweens.push( tween );
return tween;
},
stop: function( gotoEnd ) {
var index = 0,
// If we are going to the end, we want to run all the tweens
// otherwise we skip this part
length = gotoEnd ? animation.tweens.length : 0;
if ( stopped ) {
return this;
}
stopped = true;
for ( ; index < length; index++ ) {
animation.tweens[ index ].run( 1 );
}
// Resolve when we played the last frame; otherwise, reject
if ( gotoEnd ) {
deferred.notifyWith( elem, [ animation, 1, 0 ] );
deferred.resolveWith( elem, [ animation, gotoEnd ] );
} else {
deferred.rejectWith( elem, [ animation, gotoEnd ] );
}
return this;
}
} ),
props = animation.props;
propFilter( props, animation.opts.specialEasing );
for ( ; index < length; index++ ) {
result = Animation.prefilters[ index ].call( animation, elem, props, animation.opts );
if ( result ) {
if ( jQuery.isFunction( result.stop ) ) {
jQuery._queueHooks( animation.elem, animation.opts.queue ).stop =
jQuery.proxy( result.stop, result );
}
return result;
}
}
jQuery.map( props, createTween, animation );
if ( jQuery.isFunction( animation.opts.start ) ) {
animation.opts.start.call( elem, animation );
}
// Attach callbacks from options
animation
.progress( animation.opts.progress )
.done( animation.opts.done, animation.opts.complete )
.fail( animation.opts.fail )
.always( animation.opts.always );
jQuery.fx.timer(
jQuery.extend( tick, {
elem: elem,
anim: animation,
queue: animation.opts.queue
} )
);
return animation;
}
jQuery.Animation = jQuery.extend( Animation, {
tweeners: {
"*": [ function( prop, value ) {
var tween = this.createTween( prop, value );
adjustCSS( tween.elem, prop, rcssNum.exec( value ), tween );
return tween;
} ]
},
tweener: function( props, callback ) {
if ( jQuery.isFunction( props ) ) {
callback = props;
props = [ "*" ];
} else {
props = props.match( rnothtmlwhite );
}
var prop,
index = 0,
length = props.length;
for ( ; index < length; index++ ) {
prop = props[ index ];
Animation.tweeners[ prop ] = Animation.tweeners[ prop ] || [];
Animation.tweeners[ prop ].unshift( callback );
}
},
prefilters: [ defaultPrefilter ],
prefilter: function( callback, prepend ) {
if ( prepend ) {
Animation.prefilters.unshift( callback );
} else {
Animation.prefilters.push( callback );
}
}
} );
jQuery.speed = function( speed, easing, fn ) {
var opt = speed && typeof speed === "object" ? jQuery.extend( {}, speed ) : {
complete: fn || !fn && easing ||
jQuery.isFunction( speed ) && speed,
duration: speed,
easing: fn && easing || easing && !jQuery.isFunction( easing ) && easing
};
// Go to the end state if fx are off
if ( jQuery.fx.off ) {
opt.duration = 0;
} else {
if ( typeof opt.duration !== "number" ) {
if ( opt.duration in jQuery.fx.speeds ) {
opt.duration = jQuery.fx.speeds[ opt.duration ];
} else {
opt.duration = jQuery.fx.speeds._default;
}
}
}
// Normalize opt.queue - true/undefined/null -> "fx"
if ( opt.queue == null || opt.queue === true ) {
opt.queue = "fx";
}
// Queueing
opt.old = opt.complete;
opt.complete = function() {
if ( jQuery.isFunction( opt.old ) ) {
opt.old.call( this );
}
if ( opt.queue ) {
jQuery.dequeue( this, opt.queue );
}
};
return opt;
};
jQuery.fn.extend( {
fadeTo: function( speed, to, easing, callback ) {
// Show any hidden elements after setting opacity to 0
return this.filter( isHiddenWithinTree ).css( "opacity", 0 ).show()
// Animate to the value specified
.end().animate( { opacity: to }, speed, easing, callback );
},
animate: function( prop, speed, easing, callback ) {
var empty = jQuery.isEmptyObject( prop ),
optall = jQuery.speed( speed, easing, callback ),
doAnimation = function() {
// Operate on a copy of prop so per-property easing won't be lost
var anim = Animation( this, jQuery.extend( {}, prop ), optall );
// Empty animations, or finishing resolves immediately
if ( empty || dataPriv.get( this, "finish" ) ) {
anim.stop( true );
}
};
doAnimation.finish = doAnimation;
return empty || optall.queue === false ?
this.each( doAnimation ) :
this.queue( optall.queue, doAnimation );
},
stop: function( type, clearQueue, gotoEnd ) {
var stopQueue = function( hooks ) {
var stop = hooks.stop;
delete hooks.stop;
stop( gotoEnd );
};
if ( typeof type !== "string" ) {
gotoEnd = clearQueue;
clearQueue = type;
type = undefined;
}
if ( clearQueue && type !== false ) {
this.queue( type || "fx", [] );
}
return this.each( function() {
var dequeue = true,
index = type != null && type + "queueHooks",
timers = jQuery.timers,
data = dataPriv.get( this );
if ( index ) {
if ( data[ index ] && data[ index ].stop ) {
stopQueue( data[ index ] );
}
} else {
for ( index in data ) {
if ( data[ index ] && data[ index ].stop && rrun.test( index ) ) {
stopQueue( data[ index ] );
}
}
}
for ( index = timers.length; index--; ) {
if ( timers[ index ].elem === this &&
( type == null || timers[ index ].queue === type ) ) {
timers[ index ].anim.stop( gotoEnd );
dequeue = false;
timers.splice( index, 1 );
}
}
// Start the next in the queue if the last step wasn't forced.
// Timers currently will call their complete callbacks, which
// will dequeue but only if they were gotoEnd.
if ( dequeue || !gotoEnd ) {
jQuery.dequeue( this, type );
}
} );
},
finish: function( type ) {
if ( type !== false ) {
type = type || "fx";
}
return this.each( function() {
var index,
data = dataPriv.get( this ),
queue = data[ type + "queue" ],
hooks = data[ type + "queueHooks" ],
timers = jQuery.timers,
length = queue ? queue.length : 0;
// Enable finishing flag on private data
data.finish = true;
// Empty the queue first
jQuery.queue( this, type, [] );
if ( hooks && hooks.stop ) {
hooks.stop.call( this, true );
}
// Look for any active animations, and finish them
for ( index = timers.length; index--; ) {
if ( timers[ index ].elem === this && timers[ index ].queue === type ) {
timers[ index ].anim.stop( true );
timers.splice( index, 1 );
}
}
// Look for any animations in the old queue and finish them
for ( index = 0; index < length; index++ ) {
if ( queue[ index ] && queue[ index ].finish ) {
queue[ index ].finish.call( this );
}
}
// Turn off finishing flag
delete data.finish;
} );
}
} );
jQuery.each( [ "toggle", "show", "hide" ], function( i, name ) {
var cssFn = jQuery.fn[ name ];
jQuery.fn[ name ] = function( speed, easing, callback ) {
return speed == null || typeof speed === "boolean" ?
cssFn.apply( this, arguments ) :
this.animate( genFx( name, true ), speed, easing, callback );
};
} );
// Generate shortcuts for custom animations
jQuery.each( {
slideDown: genFx( "show" ),
slideUp: genFx( "hide" ),
slideToggle: genFx( "toggle" ),
fadeIn: { opacity: "show" },
fadeOut: { opacity: "hide" },
fadeToggle: { opacity: "toggle" }
}, function( name, props ) {
jQuery.fn[ name ] = function( speed, easing, callback ) {
return this.animate( props, speed, easing, callback );
};
} );
jQuery.timers = [];
jQuery.fx.tick = function() {
var timer,
i = 0,
timers = jQuery.timers;
fxNow = jQuery.now();
for ( ; i < timers.length; i++ ) {
timer = timers[ i ];
// Run the timer and safely remove it when done (allowing for external removal)
if ( !timer() && timers[ i ] === timer ) {
timers.splice( i--, 1 );
}
}
if ( !timers.length ) {
jQuery.fx.stop();
}
fxNow = undefined;
};
jQuery.fx.timer = function( timer ) {
jQuery.timers.push( timer );
jQuery.fx.start();
};
jQuery.fx.interval = 13;
jQuery.fx.start = function() {
if ( inProgress ) {
return;
}
inProgress = true;
schedule();
};
jQuery.fx.stop = function() {
inProgress = null;
};
jQuery.fx.speeds = {
slow: 600,
fast: 200,
// Default speed
_default: 400
};
// Based off of the plugin by Clint Helfers, with permission.
// https://web.archive.org/web/20100324014747/http://blindsignals.com/index.php/2009/07/jquery-delay/
jQuery.fn.delay = function( time, type ) {
time = jQuery.fx ? jQuery.fx.speeds[ time ] || time : time;
type = type || "fx";
return this.queue( type, function( next, hooks ) {
var timeout = window.setTimeout( next, time );
hooks.stop = function() {
window.clearTimeout( timeout );
};
} );
};
( function() {
var input = document.createElement( "input" ),
select = document.createElement( "select" ),
opt = select.appendChild( document.createElement( "option" ) );
input.type = "checkbox";
// Support: Android <=4.3 only
// Default value for a checkbox should be "on"
support.checkOn = input.value !== "";
// Support: IE <=11 only
// Must access selectedIndex to make default options select
support.optSelected = opt.selected;
// Support: IE <=11 only
// An input loses its value after becoming a radio
input = document.createElement( "input" );
input.value = "t";
input.type = "radio";
support.radioValue = input.value === "t";
} )();
var boolHook,
attrHandle = jQuery.expr.attrHandle;
jQuery.fn.extend( {
attr: function( name, value ) {
return access( this, jQuery.attr, name, value, arguments.length > 1 );
},
removeAttr: function( name ) {
return this.each( function() {
jQuery.removeAttr( this, name );
} );
}
} );
jQuery.extend( {
attr: function( elem, name, value ) {
var ret, hooks,
nType = elem.nodeType;
// Don't get/set attributes on text, comment and attribute nodes
if ( nType === 3 || nType === 8 || nType === 2 ) {
return;
}
// Fallback to prop when attributes are not supported
if ( typeof elem.getAttribute === "undefined" ) {
return jQuery.prop( elem, name, value );
}
// Attribute hooks are determined by the lowercase version
// Grab necessary hook if one is defined
if ( nType !== 1 || !jQuery.isXMLDoc( elem ) ) {
hooks = jQuery.attrHooks[ name.toLowerCase() ] ||
( jQuery.expr.match.bool.test( name ) ? boolHook : undefined );
}
if ( value !== undefined ) {
if ( value === null ) {
jQuery.removeAttr( elem, name );
return;
}
if ( hooks && "set" in hooks &&
( ret = hooks.set( elem, value, name ) ) !== undefined ) {
return ret;
}
elem.setAttribute( name, value + "" );
return value;
}
if ( hooks && "get" in hooks && ( ret = hooks.get( elem, name ) ) !== null ) {
return ret;
}
ret = jQuery.find.attr( elem, name );
// Non-existent attributes return null, we normalize to undefined
return ret == null ? undefined : ret;
},
attrHooks: {
type: {
set: function( elem, value ) {
if ( !support.radioValue && value === "radio" &&
nodeName( elem, "input" ) ) {
var val = elem.value;
elem.setAttribute( "type", value );
if ( val ) {
elem.value = val;
}
return value;
}
}
}
},
removeAttr: function( elem, value ) {
var name,
i = 0,
// Attribute names can contain non-HTML whitespace characters
// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/syntax.html#attributes-2
attrNames = value && value.match( rnothtmlwhite );
if ( attrNames && elem.nodeType === 1 ) {
while ( ( name = attrNames[ i++ ] ) ) {
elem.removeAttribute( name );
}
}
}
} );
// Hooks for boolean attributes
boolHook = {
set: function( elem, value, name ) {
if ( value === false ) {
// Remove boolean attributes when set to false
jQuery.removeAttr( elem, name );
} else {
elem.setAttribute( name, name );
}
return name;
}
};
jQuery.each( jQuery.expr.match.bool.source.match( /\w+/g ), function( i, name ) {
var getter = attrHandle[ name ] || jQuery.find.attr;
attrHandle[ name ] = function( elem, name, isXML ) {
var ret, handle,
lowercaseName = name.toLowerCase();
if ( !isXML ) {
// Avoid an infinite loop by temporarily removing this function from the getter
handle = attrHandle[ lowercaseName ];
attrHandle[ lowercaseName ] = ret;
ret = getter( elem, name, isXML ) != null ?
lowercaseName :
null;
attrHandle[ lowercaseName ] = handle;
}
return ret;
};
} );
var rfocusable = /^(?:input|select|textarea|button)$/i,
rclickable = /^(?:a|area)$/i;
jQuery.fn.extend( {
prop: function( name, value ) {
return access( this, jQuery.prop, name, value, arguments.length > 1 );
},
removeProp: function( name ) {
return this.each( function() {
delete this[ jQuery.propFix[ name ] || name ];
} );
}
} );
jQuery.extend( {
prop: function( elem, name, value ) {
var ret, hooks,
nType = elem.nodeType;
// Don't get/set properties on text, comment and attribute nodes
if ( nType === 3 || nType === 8 || nType === 2 ) {
return;
}
if ( nType !== 1 || !jQuery.isXMLDoc( elem ) ) {
// Fix name and attach hooks
name = jQuery.propFix[ name ] || name;
hooks = jQuery.propHooks[ name ];
}
if ( value !== undefined ) {
if ( hooks && "set" in hooks &&
( ret = hooks.set( elem, value, name ) ) !== undefined ) {
return ret;
}
return ( elem[ name ] = value );
}
if ( hooks && "get" in hooks && ( ret = hooks.get( elem, name ) ) !== null ) {
return ret;
}
return elem[ name ];
},
propHooks: {
tabIndex: {
get: function( elem ) {
// Support: IE <=9 - 11 only
// elem.tabIndex doesn't always return the
// correct value when it hasn't been explicitly set
// https://web.archive.org/web/20141116233347/http://fluidproject.org/blog/2008/01/09/getting-setting-and-removing-tabindex-values-with-javascript/
// Use proper attribute retrieval(#12072)
var tabindex = jQuery.find.attr( elem, "tabindex" );
if ( tabindex ) {
return parseInt( tabindex, 10 );
}
if (
rfocusable.test( elem.nodeName ) ||
rclickable.test( elem.nodeName ) &&
elem.href
) {
return 0;
}
return -1;
}
}
},
propFix: {
"for": "htmlFor",
"class": "className"
}
} );
// Support: IE <=11 only
// Accessing the selectedIndex property
// forces the browser to respect setting selected
// on the option
// The getter ensures a default option is selected
// when in an optgroup
// eslint rule "no-unused-expressions" is disabled for this code
// since it considers such accessions noop
if ( !support.optSelected ) {
jQuery.propHooks.selected = {
get: function( elem ) {
/* eslint no-unused-expressions: "off" */
var parent = elem.parentNode;
if ( parent && parent.parentNode ) {
parent.parentNode.selectedIndex;
}
return null;
},
set: function( elem ) {
/* eslint no-unused-expressions: "off" */
var parent = elem.parentNode;
if ( parent ) {
parent.selectedIndex;
if ( parent.parentNode ) {
parent.parentNode.selectedIndex;
}
}
}
};
}
jQuery.each( [
"tabIndex",
"readOnly",
"maxLength",
"cellSpacing",
"cellPadding",
"rowSpan",
"colSpan",
"useMap",
"frameBorder",
"contentEditable"
], function() {
jQuery.propFix[ this.toLowerCase() ] = this;
} );
// Strip and collapse whitespace according to HTML spec
// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/infrastructure.html#strip-and-collapse-whitespace
function stripAndCollapse( value ) {
var tokens = value.match( rnothtmlwhite ) || [];
return tokens.join( " " );
}
function getClass( elem ) {
return elem.getAttribute && elem.getAttribute( "class" ) || "";
}
jQuery.fn.extend( {
addClass: function( value ) {
var classes, elem, cur, curValue, clazz, j, finalValue,
i = 0;
if ( jQuery.isFunction( value ) ) {
return this.each( function( j ) {
jQuery( this ).addClass( value.call( this, j, getClass( this ) ) );
} );
}
if ( typeof value === "string" && value ) {
classes = value.match( rnothtmlwhite ) || [];
while ( ( elem = this[ i++ ] ) ) {
curValue = getClass( elem );
cur = elem.nodeType === 1 && ( " " + stripAndCollapse( curValue ) + " " );
if ( cur ) {
j = 0;
while ( ( clazz = classes[ j++ ] ) ) {
if ( cur.indexOf( " " + clazz + " " ) < 0 ) {
cur += clazz + " ";
}
}
// Only assign if different to avoid unneeded rendering.
finalValue = stripAndCollapse( cur );
if ( curValue !== finalValue ) {
elem.setAttribute( "class", finalValue );
}
}
}
}
return this;
},
removeClass: function( value ) {
var classes, elem, cur, curValue, clazz, j, finalValue,
i = 0;
if ( jQuery.isFunction( value ) ) {
return this.each( function( j ) {
jQuery( this ).removeClass( value.call( this, j, getClass( this ) ) );
} );
}
if ( !arguments.length ) {
return this.attr( "class", "" );
}
if ( typeof value === "string" && value ) {
classes = value.match( rnothtmlwhite ) || [];
while ( ( elem = this[ i++ ] ) ) {
curValue = getClass( elem );
// This expression is here for better compressibility (see addClass)
cur = elem.nodeType === 1 && ( " " + stripAndCollapse( curValue ) + " " );
if ( cur ) {
j = 0;
while ( ( clazz = classes[ j++ ] ) ) {
// Remove *all* instances
while ( cur.indexOf( " " + clazz + " " ) > -1 ) {
cur = cur.replace( " " + clazz + " ", " " );
}
}
// Only assign if different to avoid unneeded rendering.
finalValue = stripAndCollapse( cur );
if ( curValue !== finalValue ) {
elem.setAttribute( "class", finalValue );
}
}
}
}
return this;
},
toggleClass: function( value, stateVal ) {
var type = typeof value;
if ( typeof stateVal === "boolean" && type === "string" ) {
return stateVal ? this.addClass( value ) : this.removeClass( value );
}
if ( jQuery.isFunction( value ) ) {
return this.each( function( i ) {
jQuery( this ).toggleClass(
value.call( this, i, getClass( this ), stateVal ),
stateVal
);
} );
}
return this.each( function() {
var className, i, self, classNames;
if ( type === "string" ) {
// Toggle individual class names
i = 0;
self = jQuery( this );
classNames = value.match( rnothtmlwhite ) || [];
while ( ( className = classNames[ i++ ] ) ) {
// Check each className given, space separated list
if ( self.hasClass( className ) ) {
self.removeClass( className );
} else {
self.addClass( className );
}
}
// Toggle whole class name
} else if ( value === undefined || type === "boolean" ) {
className = getClass( this );
if ( className ) {
// Store className if set
dataPriv.set( this, "__className__", className );
}
// If the element has a class name or if we're passed `false`,
// then remove the whole classname (if there was one, the above saved it).
// Otherwise bring back whatever was previously saved (if anything),
// falling back to the empty string if nothing was stored.
if ( this.setAttribute ) {
this.setAttribute( "class",
className || value === false ?
"" :
dataPriv.get( this, "__className__" ) || ""
);
}
}
} );
},
hasClass: function( selector ) {
var className, elem,
i = 0;
className = " " + selector + " ";
while ( ( elem = this[ i++ ] ) ) {
if ( elem.nodeType === 1 &&
( " " + stripAndCollapse( getClass( elem ) ) + " " ).indexOf( className ) > -1 ) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
} );
var rreturn = /\r/g;
jQuery.fn.extend( {
val: function( value ) {
var hooks, ret, isFunction,
elem = this[ 0 ];
if ( !arguments.length ) {
if ( elem ) {
hooks = jQuery.valHooks[ elem.type ] ||
jQuery.valHooks[ elem.nodeName.toLowerCase() ];
if ( hooks &&
"get" in hooks &&
( ret = hooks.get( elem, "value" ) ) !== undefined
) {
return ret;
}
ret = elem.value;
// Handle most common string cases
if ( typeof ret === "string" ) {
return ret.replace( rreturn, "" );
}
// Handle cases where value is null/undef or number
return ret == null ? "" : ret;
}
return;
}
isFunction = jQuery.isFunction( value );
return this.each( function( i ) {
var val;
if ( this.nodeType !== 1 ) {
return;
}
if ( isFunction ) {
val = value.call( this, i, jQuery( this ).val() );
} else {
val = value;
}
// Treat null/undefined as ""; convert numbers to string
if ( val == null ) {
val = "";
} else if ( typeof val === "number" ) {
val += "";
} else if ( Array.isArray( val ) ) {
val = jQuery.map( val, function( value ) {
return value == null ? "" : value + "";
} );
}
hooks = jQuery.valHooks[ this.type ] || jQuery.valHooks[ this.nodeName.toLowerCase() ];
// If set returns undefined, fall back to normal setting
if ( !hooks || !( "set" in hooks ) || hooks.set( this, val, "value" ) === undefined ) {
this.value = val;
}
} );
}
} );
jQuery.extend( {
valHooks: {
option: {
get: function( elem ) {
var val = jQuery.find.attr( elem, "value" );
return val != null ?
val :
// Support: IE <=10 - 11 only
// option.text throws exceptions (#14686, #14858)
// Strip and collapse whitespace
// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/#strip-and-collapse-whitespace
stripAndCollapse( jQuery.text( elem ) );
}
},
select: {
get: function( elem ) {
var value, option, i,
options = elem.options,
index = elem.selectedIndex,
one = elem.type === "select-one",
values = one ? null : [],
max = one ? index + 1 : options.length;
if ( index < 0 ) {
i = max;
} else {
i = one ? index : 0;
}
// Loop through all the selected options
for ( ; i < max; i++ ) {
option = options[ i ];
// Support: IE <=9 only
// IE8-9 doesn't update selected after form reset (#2551)
if ( ( option.selected || i === index ) &&
// Don't return options that are disabled or in a disabled optgroup
!option.disabled &&
( !option.parentNode.disabled ||
!nodeName( option.parentNode, "optgroup" ) ) ) {
// Get the specific value for the option
value = jQuery( option ).val();
// We don't need an array for one selects
if ( one ) {
return value;
}
// Multi-Selects return an array
values.push( value );
}
}
return values;
},
set: function( elem, value ) {
var optionSet, option,
options = elem.options,
values = jQuery.makeArray( value ),
i = options.length;
while ( i-- ) {
option = options[ i ];
/* eslint-disable no-cond-assign */
if ( option.selected =
jQuery.inArray( jQuery.valHooks.option.get( option ), values ) > -1
) {
optionSet = true;
}
/* eslint-enable no-cond-assign */
}
// Force browsers to behave consistently when non-matching value is set
if ( !optionSet ) {
elem.selectedIndex = -1;
}
return values;
}
}
}
} );
// Radios and checkboxes getter/setter
jQuery.each( [ "radio", "checkbox" ], function() {
jQuery.valHooks[ this ] = {
set: function( elem, value ) {
if ( Array.isArray( value ) ) {
return ( elem.checked = jQuery.inArray( jQuery( elem ).val(), value ) > -1 );
}
}
};
if ( !support.checkOn ) {
jQuery.valHooks[ this ].get = function( elem ) {
return elem.getAttribute( "value" ) === null ? "on" : elem.value;
};
}
} );
// Return jQuery for attributes-only inclusion
var rfocusMorph = /^(?:focusinfocus|focusoutblur)$/;
jQuery.extend( jQuery.event, {
trigger: function( event, data, elem, onlyHandlers ) {
var i, cur, tmp, bubbleType, ontype, handle, special,
eventPath = [ elem || document ],
type = hasOwn.call( event, "type" ) ? event.type : event,
namespaces = hasOwn.call( event, "namespace" ) ? event.namespace.split( "." ) : [];
cur = tmp = elem = elem || document;
// Don't do events on text and comment nodes
if ( elem.nodeType === 3 || elem.nodeType === 8 ) {
return;
}
// focus/blur morphs to focusin/out; ensure we're not firing them right now
if ( rfocusMorph.test( type + jQuery.event.triggered ) ) {
return;
}
if ( type.indexOf( "." ) > -1 ) {
// Namespaced trigger; create a regexp to match event type in handle()
namespaces = type.split( "." );
type = namespaces.shift();
namespaces.sort();
}
ontype = type.indexOf( ":" ) < 0 && "on" + type;
// Caller can pass in a jQuery.Event object, Object, or just an event type string
event = event[ jQuery.expando ] ?
event :
new jQuery.Event( type, typeof event === "object" && event );
// Trigger bitmask: & 1 for native handlers; & 2 for jQuery (always true)
event.isTrigger = onlyHandlers ? 2 : 3;
event.namespace = namespaces.join( "." );
event.rnamespace = event.namespace ?
new RegExp( "(^|\\.)" + namespaces.join( "\\.(?:.*\\.|)" ) + "(\\.|$)" ) :
null;
// Clean up the event in case it is being reused
event.result = undefined;
if ( !event.target ) {
event.target = elem;
}
// Clone any incoming data and prepend the event, creating the handler arg list
data = data == null ?
[ event ] :
jQuery.makeArray( data, [ event ] );
// Allow special events to draw outside the lines
special = jQuery.event.special[ type ] || {};
if ( !onlyHandlers && special.trigger && special.trigger.apply( elem, data ) === false ) {
return;
}
// Determine event propagation path in advance, per W3C events spec (#9951)
// Bubble up to document, then to window; watch for a global ownerDocument var (#9724)
if ( !onlyHandlers && !special.noBubble && !jQuery.isWindow( elem ) ) {
bubbleType = special.delegateType || type;
if ( !rfocusMorph.test( bubbleType + type ) ) {
cur = cur.parentNode;
}
for ( ; cur; cur = cur.parentNode ) {
eventPath.push( cur );
tmp = cur;
}
// Only add window if we got to document (e.g., not plain obj or detached DOM)
if ( tmp === ( elem.ownerDocument || document ) ) {
eventPath.push( tmp.defaultView || tmp.parentWindow || window );
}
}
// Fire handlers on the event path
i = 0;
while ( ( cur = eventPath[ i++ ] ) && !event.isPropagationStopped() ) {
event.type = i > 1 ?
bubbleType :
special.bindType || type;
// jQuery handler
handle = ( dataPriv.get( cur, "events" ) || {} )[ event.type ] &&
dataPriv.get( cur, "handle" );
if ( handle ) {
handle.apply( cur, data );
}
// Native handler
handle = ontype && cur[ ontype ];
if ( handle && handle.apply && acceptData( cur ) ) {
event.result = handle.apply( cur, data );
if ( event.result === false ) {
event.preventDefault();
}
}
}
event.type = type;
// If nobody prevented the default action, do it now
if ( !onlyHandlers && !event.isDefaultPrevented() ) {
if ( ( !special._default ||
special._default.apply( eventPath.pop(), data ) === false ) &&
acceptData( elem ) ) {
// Call a native DOM method on the target with the same name as the event.
// Don't do default actions on window, that's where global variables be (#6170)
if ( ontype && jQuery.isFunction( elem[ type ] ) && !jQuery.isWindow( elem ) ) {
// Don't re-trigger an onFOO event when we call its FOO() method
tmp = elem[ ontype ];
if ( tmp ) {
elem[ ontype ] = null;
}
// Prevent re-triggering of the same event, since we already bubbled it above
jQuery.event.triggered = type;
elem[ type ]();
jQuery.event.triggered = undefined;
if ( tmp ) {
elem[ ontype ] = tmp;
}
}
}
}
return event.result;
},
// Piggyback on a donor event to simulate a different one
// Used only for `focus(in | out)` events
simulate: function( type, elem, event ) {
var e = jQuery.extend(
new jQuery.Event(),
event,
{
type: type,
isSimulated: true
}
);
jQuery.event.trigger( e, null, elem );
}
} );
jQuery.fn.extend( {
trigger: function( type, data ) {
return this.each( function() {
jQuery.event.trigger( type, data, this );
} );
},
triggerHandler: function( type, data ) {
var elem = this[ 0 ];
if ( elem ) {
return jQuery.event.trigger( type, data, elem, true );
}
}
} );
jQuery.each( ( "blur focus focusin focusout resize scroll click dblclick " +
"mousedown mouseup mousemove mouseover mouseout mouseenter mouseleave " +
"change select submit keydown keypress keyup contextmenu" ).split( " " ),
function( i, name ) {
// Handle event binding
jQuery.fn[ name ] = function( data, fn ) {
return arguments.length > 0 ?
this.on( name, null, data, fn ) :
this.trigger( name );
};
} );
jQuery.fn.extend( {
hover: function( fnOver, fnOut ) {
return this.mouseenter( fnOver ).mouseleave( fnOut || fnOver );
}
} );
support.focusin = "onfocusin" in window;
// Support: Firefox <=44
// Firefox doesn't have focus(in | out) events
// Related ticket - https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=687787
//
// Support: Chrome <=48 - 49, Safari <=9.0 - 9.1
// focus(in | out) events fire after focus & blur events,
// which is spec violation - http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-3-Events/#events-focusevent-event-order
// Related ticket - https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=449857
if ( !support.focusin ) {
jQuery.each( { focus: "focusin", blur: "focusout" }, function( orig, fix ) {
// Attach a single capturing handler on the document while someone wants focusin/focusout
var handler = function( event ) {
jQuery.event.simulate( fix, event.target, jQuery.event.fix( event ) );
};
jQuery.event.special[ fix ] = {
setup: function() {
var doc = this.ownerDocument || this,
attaches = dataPriv.access( doc, fix );
if ( !attaches ) {
doc.addEventListener( orig, handler, true );
}
dataPriv.access( doc, fix, ( attaches || 0 ) + 1 );
},
teardown: function() {
var doc = this.ownerDocument || this,
attaches = dataPriv.access( doc, fix ) - 1;
if ( !attaches ) {
doc.removeEventListener( orig, handler, true );
dataPriv.remove( doc, fix );
} else {
dataPriv.access( doc, fix, attaches );
}
}
};
} );
}
var location = window.location;
var nonce = jQuery.now();
var rquery = ( /\?/ );
// Cross-browser xml parsing
jQuery.parseXML = function( data ) {
var xml;
if ( !data || typeof data !== "string" ) {
return null;
}
// Support: IE 9 - 11 only
// IE throws on parseFromString with invalid input.
try {
xml = ( new window.DOMParser() ).parseFromString( data, "text/xml" );
} catch ( e ) {
xml = undefined;
}
if ( !xml || xml.getElementsByTagName( "parsererror" ).length ) {
jQuery.error( "Invalid XML: " + data );
}
return xml;
};
var
rbracket = /\[\]$/,
rCRLF = /\r?\n/g,
rsubmitterTypes = /^(?:submit|button|image|reset|file)$/i,
rsubmittable = /^(?:input|select|textarea|keygen)/i;
function buildParams( prefix, obj, traditional, add ) {
var name;
if ( Array.isArray( obj ) ) {
// Serialize array item.
jQuery.each( obj, function( i, v ) {
if ( traditional || rbracket.test( prefix ) ) {
// Treat each array item as a scalar.
add( prefix, v );
} else {
// Item is non-scalar (array or object), encode its numeric index.
buildParams(
prefix + "[" + ( typeof v === "object" && v != null ? i : "" ) + "]",
v,
traditional,
add
);
}
} );
} else if ( !traditional && jQuery.type( obj ) === "object" ) {
// Serialize object item.
for ( name in obj ) {
buildParams( prefix + "[" + name + "]", obj[ name ], traditional, add );
}
} else {
// Serialize scalar item.
add( prefix, obj );
}
}
// Serialize an array of form elements or a set of
// key/values into a query string
jQuery.param = function( a, traditional ) {
var prefix,
s = [],
add = function( key, valueOrFunction ) {
// If value is a function, invoke it and use its return value
var value = jQuery.isFunction( valueOrFunction ) ?
valueOrFunction() :
valueOrFunction;
s[ s.length ] = encodeURIComponent( key ) + "=" +
encodeURIComponent( value == null ? "" : value );
};
// If an array was passed in, assume that it is an array of form elements.
if ( Array.isArray( a ) || ( a.jquery && !jQuery.isPlainObject( a ) ) ) {
// Serialize the form elements
jQuery.each( a, function() {
add( this.name, this.value );
} );
} else {
// If traditional, encode the "old" way (the way 1.3.2 or older
// did it), otherwise encode params recursively.
for ( prefix in a ) {
buildParams( prefix, a[ prefix ], traditional, add );
}
}
// Return the resulting serialization
return s.join( "&" );
};
jQuery.fn.extend( {
serialize: function() {
return jQuery.param( this.serializeArray() );
},
serializeArray: function() {
return this.map( function() {
// Can add propHook for "elements" to filter or add form elements
var elements = jQuery.prop( this, "elements" );
return elements ? jQuery.makeArray( elements ) : this;
} )
.filter( function() {
var type = this.type;
// Use .is( ":disabled" ) so that fieldset[disabled] works
return this.name && !jQuery( this ).is( ":disabled" ) &&
rsubmittable.test( this.nodeName ) && !rsubmitterTypes.test( type ) &&
( this.checked || !rcheckableType.test( type ) );
} )
.map( function( i, elem ) {
var val = jQuery( this ).val();
if ( val == null ) {
return null;
}
if ( Array.isArray( val ) ) {
return jQuery.map( val, function( val ) {
return { name: elem.name, value: val.replace( rCRLF, "\r\n" ) };
} );
}
return { name: elem.name, value: val.replace( rCRLF, "\r\n" ) };
} ).get();
}
} );
var
r20 = /%20/g,
rhash = /#.*$/,
rantiCache = /([?&])_=[^&]*/,
rheaders = /^(.*?):[ \t]*([^\r\n]*)$/mg,
// #7653, #8125, #8152: local protocol detection
rlocalProtocol = /^(?:about|app|app-storage|.+-extension|file|res|widget):$/,
rnoContent = /^(?:GET|HEAD)$/,
rprotocol = /^\/\//,
/* Prefilters
* 1) They are useful to introduce custom dataTypes (see ajax/jsonp.js for an example)
* 2) These are called:
* - BEFORE asking for a transport
* - AFTER param serialization (s.data is a string if s.processData is true)
* 3) key is the dataType
* 4) the catchall symbol "*" can be used
* 5) execution will start with transport dataType and THEN continue down to "*" if needed
*/
prefilters = {},
/* Transports bindings
* 1) key is the dataType
* 2) the catchall symbol "*" can be used
* 3) selection will start with transport dataType and THEN go to "*" if needed
*/
transports = {},
// Avoid comment-prolog char sequence (#10098); must appease lint and evade compression
allTypes = "*/".concat( "*" ),
// Anchor tag for parsing the document origin
originAnchor = document.createElement( "a" );
originAnchor.href = location.href;
// Base "constructor" for jQuery.ajaxPrefilter and jQuery.ajaxTransport
function addToPrefiltersOrTransports( structure ) {
// dataTypeExpression is optional and defaults to "*"
return function( dataTypeExpression, func ) {
if ( typeof dataTypeExpression !== "string" ) {
func = dataTypeExpression;
dataTypeExpression = "*";
}
var dataType,
i = 0,
dataTypes = dataTypeExpression.toLowerCase().match( rnothtmlwhite ) || [];
if ( jQuery.isFunction( func ) ) {
// For each dataType in the dataTypeExpression
while ( ( dataType = dataTypes[ i++ ] ) ) {
// Prepend if requested
if ( dataType[ 0 ] === "+" ) {
dataType = dataType.slice( 1 ) || "*";
( structure[ dataType ] = structure[ dataType ] || [] ).unshift( func );
// Otherwise append
} else {
( structure[ dataType ] = structure[ dataType ] || [] ).push( func );
}
}
}
};
}
// Base inspection function for prefilters and transports
function inspectPrefiltersOrTransports( structure, options, originalOptions, jqXHR ) {
var inspected = {},
seekingTransport = ( structure === transports );
function inspect( dataType ) {
var selected;
inspected[ dataType ] = true;
jQuery.each( structure[ dataType ] || [], function( _, prefilterOrFactory ) {
var dataTypeOrTransport = prefilterOrFactory( options, originalOptions, jqXHR );
if ( typeof dataTypeOrTransport === "string" &&
!seekingTransport && !inspected[ dataTypeOrTransport ] ) {
options.dataTypes.unshift( dataTypeOrTransport );
inspect( dataTypeOrTransport );
return false;
} else if ( seekingTransport ) {
return !( selected = dataTypeOrTransport );
}
} );
return selected;
}
return inspect( options.dataTypes[ 0 ] ) || !inspected[ "*" ] && inspect( "*" );
}
// A special extend for ajax options
// that takes "flat" options (not to be deep extended)
// Fixes #9887
function ajaxExtend( target, src ) {
var key, deep,
flatOptions = jQuery.ajaxSettings.flatOptions || {};
for ( key in src ) {
if ( src[ key ] !== undefined ) {
( flatOptions[ key ] ? target : ( deep || ( deep = {} ) ) )[ key ] = src[ key ];
}
}
if ( deep ) {
jQuery.extend( true, target, deep );
}
return target;
}
/* Handles responses to an ajax request:
* - finds the right dataType (mediates between content-type and expected dataType)
* - returns the corresponding response
*/
function ajaxHandleResponses( s, jqXHR, responses ) {
var ct, type, finalDataType, firstDataType,
contents = s.contents,
dataTypes = s.dataTypes;
// Remove auto dataType and get content-type in the process
while ( dataTypes[ 0 ] === "*" ) {
dataTypes.shift();
if ( ct === undefined ) {
ct = s.mimeType || jqXHR.getResponseHeader( "Content-Type" );
}
}
// Check if we're dealing with a known content-type
if ( ct ) {
for ( type in contents ) {
if ( contents[ type ] && contents[ type ].test( ct ) ) {
dataTypes.unshift( type );
break;
}
}
}
// Check to see if we have a response for the expected dataType
if ( dataTypes[ 0 ] in responses ) {
finalDataType = dataTypes[ 0 ];
} else {
// Try convertible dataTypes
for ( type in responses ) {
if ( !dataTypes[ 0 ] || s.converters[ type + " " + dataTypes[ 0 ] ] ) {
finalDataType = type;
break;
}
if ( !firstDataType ) {
firstDataType = type;
}
}
// Or just use first one
finalDataType = finalDataType || firstDataType;
}
// If we found a dataType
// We add the dataType to the list if needed
// and return the corresponding response
if ( finalDataType ) {
if ( finalDataType !== dataTypes[ 0 ] ) {
dataTypes.unshift( finalDataType );
}
return responses[ finalDataType ];
}
}
/* Chain conversions given the request and the original response
* Also sets the responseXXX fields on the jqXHR instance
*/
function ajaxConvert( s, response, jqXHR, isSuccess ) {
var conv2, current, conv, tmp, prev,
converters = {},
// Work with a copy of dataTypes in case we need to modify it for conversion
dataTypes = s.dataTypes.slice();
// Create converters map with lowercased keys
if ( dataTypes[ 1 ] ) {
for ( conv in s.converters ) {
converters[ conv.toLowerCase() ] = s.converters[ conv ];
}
}
current = dataTypes.shift();
// Convert to each sequential dataType
while ( current ) {
if ( s.responseFields[ current ] ) {
jqXHR[ s.responseFields[ current ] ] = response;
}
// Apply the dataFilter if provided
if ( !prev && isSuccess && s.dataFilter ) {
response = s.dataFilter( response, s.dataType );
}
prev = current;
current = dataTypes.shift();
if ( current ) {
// There's only work to do if current dataType is non-auto
if ( current === "*" ) {
current = prev;
// Convert response if prev dataType is non-auto and differs from current
} else if ( prev !== "*" && prev !== current ) {
// Seek a direct converter
conv = converters[ prev + " " + current ] || converters[ "* " + current ];
// If none found, seek a pair
if ( !conv ) {
for ( conv2 in converters ) {
// If conv2 outputs current
tmp = conv2.split( " " );
if ( tmp[ 1 ] === current ) {
// If prev can be converted to accepted input
conv = converters[ prev + " " + tmp[ 0 ] ] ||
converters[ "* " + tmp[ 0 ] ];
if ( conv ) {
// Condense equivalence converters
if ( conv === true ) {
conv = converters[ conv2 ];
// Otherwise, insert the intermediate dataType
} else if ( converters[ conv2 ] !== true ) {
current = tmp[ 0 ];
dataTypes.unshift( tmp[ 1 ] );
}
break;
}
}
}
}
// Apply converter (if not an equivalence)
if ( conv !== true ) {
// Unless errors are allowed to bubble, catch and return them
if ( conv && s.throws ) {
response = conv( response );
} else {
try {
response = conv( response );
} catch ( e ) {
return {
state: "parsererror",
error: conv ? e : "No conversion from " + prev + " to " + current
};
}
}
}
}
}
}
return { state: "success", data: response };
}
jQuery.extend( {
// Counter for holding the number of active queries
active: 0,
// Last-Modified header cache for next request
lastModified: {},
etag: {},
ajaxSettings: {
url: location.href,
type: "GET",
isLocal: rlocalProtocol.test( location.protocol ),
global: true,
processData: true,
async: true,
contentType: "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8",
/*
timeout: 0,
data: null,
dataType: null,
username: null,
password: null,
cache: null,
throws: false,
traditional: false,
headers: {},
*/
accepts: {
"*": allTypes,
text: "text/plain",
html: "text/html",
xml: "application/xml, text/xml",
json: "application/json, text/javascript"
},
contents: {
xml: /\bxml\b/,
html: /\bhtml/,
json: /\bjson\b/
},
responseFields: {
xml: "responseXML",
text: "responseText",
json: "responseJSON"
},
// Data converters
// Keys separate source (or catchall "*") and destination types with a single space
converters: {
// Convert anything to text
"* text": String,
// Text to html (true = no transformation)
"text html": true,
// Evaluate text as a json expression
"text json": JSON.parse,
// Parse text as xml
"text xml": jQuery.parseXML
},
// For options that shouldn't be deep extended:
// you can add your own custom options here if
// and when you create one that shouldn't be
// deep extended (see ajaxExtend)
flatOptions: {
url: true,
context: true
}
},
// Creates a full fledged settings object into target
// with both ajaxSettings and settings fields.
// If target is omitted, writes into ajaxSettings.
ajaxSetup: function( target, settings ) {
return settings ?
// Building a settings object
ajaxExtend( ajaxExtend( target, jQuery.ajaxSettings ), settings ) :
// Extending ajaxSettings
ajaxExtend( jQuery.ajaxSettings, target );
},
ajaxPrefilter: addToPrefiltersOrTransports( prefilters ),
ajaxTransport: addToPrefiltersOrTransports( transports ),
// Main method
ajax: function( url, options ) {
// If url is an object, simulate pre-1.5 signature
if ( typeof url === "object" ) {
options = url;
url = undefined;
}
// Force options to be an object
options = options || {};
var transport,
// URL without anti-cache param
cacheURL,
// Response headers
responseHeadersString,
responseHeaders,
// timeout handle
timeoutTimer,
// Url cleanup var
urlAnchor,
// Request state (becomes false upon send and true upon completion)
completed,
// To know if global events are to be dispatched
fireGlobals,
// Loop variable
i,
// uncached part of the url
uncached,
// Create the final options object
s = jQuery.ajaxSetup( {}, options ),
// Callbacks context
callbackContext = s.context || s,
// Context for global events is callbackContext if it is a DOM node or jQuery collection
globalEventContext = s.context &&
( callbackContext.nodeType || callbackContext.jquery ) ?
jQuery( callbackContext ) :
jQuery.event,
// Deferreds
deferred = jQuery.Deferred(),
completeDeferred = jQuery.Callbacks( "once memory" ),
// Status-dependent callbacks
statusCode = s.statusCode || {},
// Headers (they are sent all at once)
requestHeaders = {},
requestHeadersNames = {},
// Default abort message
strAbort = "canceled",
// Fake xhr
jqXHR = {
readyState: 0,
// Builds headers hashtable if needed
getResponseHeader: function( key ) {
var match;
if ( completed ) {
if ( !responseHeaders ) {
responseHeaders = {};
while ( ( match = rheaders.exec( responseHeadersString ) ) ) {
responseHeaders[ match[ 1 ].toLowerCase() ] = match[ 2 ];
}
}
match = responseHeaders[ key.toLowerCase() ];
}
return match == null ? null : match;
},
// Raw string
getAllResponseHeaders: function() {
return completed ? responseHeadersString : null;
},
// Caches the header
setRequestHeader: function( name, value ) {
if ( completed == null ) {
name = requestHeadersNames[ name.toLowerCase() ] =
requestHeadersNames[ name.toLowerCase() ] || name;
requestHeaders[ name ] = value;
}
return this;
},
// Overrides response content-type header
overrideMimeType: function( type ) {
if ( completed == null ) {
s.mimeType = type;
}
return this;
},
// Status-dependent callbacks
statusCode: function( map ) {
var code;
if ( map ) {
if ( completed ) {
// Execute the appropriate callbacks
jqXHR.always( map[ jqXHR.status ] );
} else {
// Lazy-add the new callbacks in a way that preserves old ones
for ( code in map ) {
statusCode[ code ] = [ statusCode[ code ], map[ code ] ];
}
}
}
return this;
},
// Cancel the request
abort: function( statusText ) {
var finalText = statusText || strAbort;
if ( transport ) {
transport.abort( finalText );
}
done( 0, finalText );
return this;
}
};
// Attach deferreds
deferred.promise( jqXHR );
// Add protocol if not provided (prefilters might expect it)
// Handle falsy url in the settings object (#10093: consistency with old signature)
// We also use the url parameter if available
s.url = ( ( url || s.url || location.href ) + "" )
.replace( rprotocol, location.protocol + "//" );
// Alias method option to type as per ticket #12004
s.type = options.method || options.type || s.method || s.type;
// Extract dataTypes list
s.dataTypes = ( s.dataType || "*" ).toLowerCase().match( rnothtmlwhite ) || [ "" ];
// A cross-domain request is in order when the origin doesn't match the current origin.
if ( s.crossDomain == null ) {
urlAnchor = document.createElement( "a" );
// Support: IE <=8 - 11, Edge 12 - 13
// IE throws exception on accessing the href property if url is malformed,
// e.g. http://example.com:80x/
try {
urlAnchor.href = s.url;
// Support: IE <=8 - 11 only
// Anchor's host property isn't correctly set when s.url is relative
urlAnchor.href = urlAnchor.href;
s.crossDomain = originAnchor.protocol + "//" + originAnchor.host !==
urlAnchor.protocol + "//" + urlAnchor.host;
} catch ( e ) {
// If there is an error parsing the URL, assume it is crossDomain,
// it can be rejected by the transport if it is invalid
s.crossDomain = true;
}
}
// Convert data if not already a string
if ( s.data && s.processData && typeof s.data !== "string" ) {
s.data = jQuery.param( s.data, s.traditional );
}
// Apply prefilters
inspectPrefiltersOrTransports( prefilters, s, options, jqXHR );
// If request was aborted inside a prefilter, stop there
if ( completed ) {
return jqXHR;
}
// We can fire global events as of now if asked to
// Don't fire events if jQuery.event is undefined in an AMD-usage scenario (#15118)
fireGlobals = jQuery.event && s.global;
// Watch for a new set of requests
if ( fireGlobals && jQuery.active++ === 0 ) {
jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStart" );
}
// Uppercase the type
s.type = s.type.toUpperCase();
// Determine if request has content
s.hasContent = !rnoContent.test( s.type );
// Save the URL in case we're toying with the If-Modified-Since
// and/or If-None-Match header later on
// Remove hash to simplify url manipulation
cacheURL = s.url.replace( rhash, "" );
// More options handling for requests with no content
if ( !s.hasContent ) {
// Remember the hash so we can put it back
uncached = s.url.slice( cacheURL.length );
// If data is available, append data to url
if ( s.data ) {
cacheURL += ( rquery.test( cacheURL ) ? "&" : "?" ) + s.data;
// #9682: remove data so that it's not used in an eventual retry
delete s.data;
}
// Add or update anti-cache param if needed
if ( s.cache === false ) {
cacheURL = cacheURL.replace( rantiCache, "$1" );
uncached = ( rquery.test( cacheURL ) ? "&" : "?" ) + "_=" + ( nonce++ ) + uncached;
}
// Put hash and anti-cache on the URL that will be requested (gh-1732)
s.url = cacheURL + uncached;
// Change '%20' to '+' if this is encoded form body content (gh-2658)
} else if ( s.data && s.processData &&
( s.contentType || "" ).indexOf( "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" ) === 0 ) {
s.data = s.data.replace( r20, "+" );
}
// Set the If-Modified-Since and/or If-None-Match header, if in ifModified mode.
if ( s.ifModified ) {
if ( jQuery.lastModified[ cacheURL ] ) {
jqXHR.setRequestHeader( "If-Modified-Since", jQuery.lastModified[ cacheURL ] );
}
if ( jQuery.etag[ cacheURL ] ) {
jqXHR.setRequestHeader( "If-None-Match", jQuery.etag[ cacheURL ] );
}
}
// Set the correct header, if data is being sent
if ( s.data && s.hasContent && s.contentType !== false || options.contentType ) {
jqXHR.setRequestHeader( "Content-Type", s.contentType );
}
// Set the Accepts header for the server, depending on the dataType
jqXHR.setRequestHeader(
"Accept",
s.dataTypes[ 0 ] && s.accepts[ s.dataTypes[ 0 ] ] ?
s.accepts[ s.dataTypes[ 0 ] ] +
( s.dataTypes[ 0 ] !== "*" ? ", " + allTypes + "; q=0.01" : "" ) :
s.accepts[ "*" ]
);
// Check for headers option
for ( i in s.headers ) {
jqXHR.setRequestHeader( i, s.headers[ i ] );
}
// Allow custom headers/mimetypes and early abort
if ( s.beforeSend &&
( s.beforeSend.call( callbackContext, jqXHR, s ) === false || completed ) ) {
// Abort if not done already and return
return jqXHR.abort();
}
// Aborting is no longer a cancellation
strAbort = "abort";
// Install callbacks on deferreds
completeDeferred.add( s.complete );
jqXHR.done( s.success );
jqXHR.fail( s.error );
// Get transport
transport = inspectPrefiltersOrTransports( transports, s, options, jqXHR );
// If no transport, we auto-abort
if ( !transport ) {
done( -1, "No Transport" );
} else {
jqXHR.readyState = 1;
// Send global event
if ( fireGlobals ) {
globalEventContext.trigger( "ajaxSend", [ jqXHR, s ] );
}
// If request was aborted inside ajaxSend, stop there
if ( completed ) {
return jqXHR;
}
// Timeout
if ( s.async && s.timeout > 0 ) {
timeoutTimer = window.setTimeout( function() {
jqXHR.abort( "timeout" );
}, s.timeout );
}
try {
completed = false;
transport.send( requestHeaders, done );
} catch ( e ) {
// Rethrow post-completion exceptions
if ( completed ) {
throw e;
}
// Propagate others as results
done( -1, e );
}
}
// Callback for when everything is done
function done( status, nativeStatusText, responses, headers ) {
var isSuccess, success, error, response, modified,
statusText = nativeStatusText;
// Ignore repeat invocations
if ( completed ) {
return;
}
completed = true;
// Clear timeout if it exists
if ( timeoutTimer ) {
window.clearTimeout( timeoutTimer );
}
// Dereference transport for early garbage collection
// (no matter how long the jqXHR object will be used)
transport = undefined;
// Cache response headers
responseHeadersString = headers || "";
// Set readyState
jqXHR.readyState = status > 0 ? 4 : 0;
// Determine if successful
isSuccess = status >= 200 && status < 300 || status === 304;
// Get response data
if ( responses ) {
response = ajaxHandleResponses( s, jqXHR, responses );
}
// Convert no matter what (that way responseXXX fields are always set)
response = ajaxConvert( s, response, jqXHR, isSuccess );
// If successful, handle type chaining
if ( isSuccess ) {
// Set the If-Modified-Since and/or If-None-Match header, if in ifModified mode.
if ( s.ifModified ) {
modified = jqXHR.getResponseHeader( "Last-Modified" );
if ( modified ) {
jQuery.lastModified[ cacheURL ] = modified;
}
modified = jqXHR.getResponseHeader( "etag" );
if ( modified ) {
jQuery.etag[ cacheURL ] = modified;
}
}
// if no content
if ( status === 204 || s.type === "HEAD" ) {
statusText = "nocontent";
// if not modified
} else if ( status === 304 ) {
statusText = "notmodified";
// If we have data, let's convert it
} else {
statusText = response.state;
success = response.data;
error = response.error;
isSuccess = !error;
}
} else {
// Extract error from statusText and normalize for non-aborts
error = statusText;
if ( status || !statusText ) {
statusText = "error";
if ( status < 0 ) {
status = 0;
}
}
}
// Set data for the fake xhr object
jqXHR.status = status;
jqXHR.statusText = ( nativeStatusText || statusText ) + "";
// Success/Error
if ( isSuccess ) {
deferred.resolveWith( callbackContext, [ success, statusText, jqXHR ] );
} else {
deferred.rejectWith( callbackContext, [ jqXHR, statusText, error ] );
}
// Status-dependent callbacks
jqXHR.statusCode( statusCode );
statusCode = undefined;
if ( fireGlobals ) {
globalEventContext.trigger( isSuccess ? "ajaxSuccess" : "ajaxError",
[ jqXHR, s, isSuccess ? success : error ] );
}
// Complete
completeDeferred.fireWith( callbackContext, [ jqXHR, statusText ] );
if ( fireGlobals ) {
globalEventContext.trigger( "ajaxComplete", [ jqXHR, s ] );
// Handle the global AJAX counter
if ( !( --jQuery.active ) ) {
jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStop" );
}
}
}
return jqXHR;
},
getJSON: function( url, data, callback ) {
return jQuery.get( url, data, callback, "json" );
},
getScript: function( url, callback ) {
return jQuery.get( url, undefined, callback, "script" );
}
} );
jQuery.each( [ "get", "post" ], function( i, method ) {
jQuery[ method ] = function( url, data, callback, type ) {
// Shift arguments if data argument was omitted
if ( jQuery.isFunction( data ) ) {
type = type || callback;
callback = data;
data = undefined;
}
// The url can be an options object (which then must have .url)
return jQuery.ajax( jQuery.extend( {
url: url,
type: method,
dataType: type,
data: data,
success: callback
}, jQuery.isPlainObject( url ) && url ) );
};
} );
jQuery._evalUrl = function( url ) {
return jQuery.ajax( {
url: url,
// Make this explicit, since user can override this through ajaxSetup (#11264)
type: "GET",
dataType: "script",
cache: true,
async: false,
global: false,
"throws": true
} );
};
jQuery.fn.extend( {
wrapAll: function( html ) {
var wrap;
if ( this[ 0 ] ) {
if ( jQuery.isFunction( html ) ) {
html = html.call( this[ 0 ] );
}
// The elements to wrap the target around
wrap = jQuery( html, this[ 0 ].ownerDocument ).eq( 0 ).clone( true );
if ( this[ 0 ].parentNode ) {
wrap.insertBefore( this[ 0 ] );
}
wrap.map( function() {
var elem = this;
while ( elem.firstElementChild ) {
elem = elem.firstElementChild;
}
return elem;
} ).append( this );
}
return this;
},
wrapInner: function( html ) {
if ( jQuery.isFunction( html ) ) {
return this.each( function( i ) {
jQuery( this ).wrapInner( html.call( this, i ) );
} );
}
return this.each( function() {
var self = jQuery( this ),
contents = self.contents();
if ( contents.length ) {
contents.wrapAll( html );
} else {
self.append( html );
}
} );
},
wrap: function( html ) {
var isFunction = jQuery.isFunction( html );
return this.each( function( i ) {
jQuery( this ).wrapAll( isFunction ? html.call( this, i ) : html );
} );
},
unwrap: function( selector ) {
this.parent( selector ).not( "body" ).each( function() {
jQuery( this ).replaceWith( this.childNodes );
} );
return this;
}
} );
jQuery.expr.pseudos.hidden = function( elem ) {
return !jQuery.expr.pseudos.visible( elem );
};
jQuery.expr.pseudos.visible = function( elem ) {
return !!( elem.offsetWidth || elem.offsetHeight || elem.getClientRects().length );
};
jQuery.ajaxSettings.xhr = function() {
try {
return new window.XMLHttpRequest();
} catch ( e ) {}
};
var xhrSuccessStatus = {
// File protocol always yields status code 0, assume 200
0: 200,
// Support: IE <=9 only
// #1450: sometimes IE returns 1223 when it should be 204
1223: 204
},
xhrSupported = jQuery.ajaxSettings.xhr();
support.cors = !!xhrSupported && ( "withCredentials" in xhrSupported );
support.ajax = xhrSupported = !!xhrSupported;
jQuery.ajaxTransport( function( options ) {
var callback, errorCallback;
// Cross domain only allowed if supported through XMLHttpRequest
if ( support.cors || xhrSupported && !options.crossDomain ) {
return {
send: function( headers, complete ) {
var i,
xhr = options.xhr();
xhr.open(
options.type,
options.url,
options.async,
options.username,
options.password
);
// Apply custom fields if provided
if ( options.xhrFields ) {
for ( i in options.xhrFields ) {
xhr[ i ] = options.xhrFields[ i ];
}
}
// Override mime type if needed
if ( options.mimeType && xhr.overrideMimeType ) {
xhr.overrideMimeType( options.mimeType );
}
// X-Requested-With header
// For cross-domain requests, seeing as conditions for a preflight are
// akin to a jigsaw puzzle, we simply never set it to be sure.
// (it can always be set on a per-request basis or even using ajaxSetup)
// For same-domain requests, won't change header if already provided.
if ( !options.crossDomain && !headers[ "X-Requested-With" ] ) {
headers[ "X-Requested-With" ] = "XMLHttpRequest";
}
// Set headers
for ( i in headers ) {
xhr.setRequestHeader( i, headers[ i ] );
}
// Callback
callback = function( type ) {
return function() {
if ( callback ) {
callback = errorCallback = xhr.onload =
xhr.onerror = xhr.onabort = xhr.onreadystatechange = null;
if ( type === "abort" ) {
xhr.abort();
} else if ( type === "error" ) {
// Support: IE <=9 only
// On a manual native abort, IE9 throws
// errors on any property access that is not readyState
if ( typeof xhr.status !== "number" ) {
complete( 0, "error" );
} else {
complete(
// File: protocol always yields status 0; see #8605, #14207
xhr.status,
xhr.statusText
);
}
} else {
complete(
xhrSuccessStatus[ xhr.status ] || xhr.status,
xhr.statusText,
// Support: IE <=9 only
// IE9 has no XHR2 but throws on binary (trac-11426)
// For XHR2 non-text, let the caller handle it (gh-2498)
( xhr.responseType || "text" ) !== "text" ||
typeof xhr.responseText !== "string" ?
{ binary: xhr.response } :
{ text: xhr.responseText },
xhr.getAllResponseHeaders()
);
}
}
};
};
// Listen to events
xhr.onload = callback();
errorCallback = xhr.onerror = callback( "error" );
// Support: IE 9 only
// Use onreadystatechange to replace onabort
// to handle uncaught aborts
if ( xhr.onabort !== undefined ) {
xhr.onabort = errorCallback;
} else {
xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
// Check readyState before timeout as it changes
if ( xhr.readyState === 4 ) {
// Allow onerror to be called first,
// but that will not handle a native abort
// Also, save errorCallback to a variable
// as xhr.onerror cannot be accessed
window.setTimeout( function() {
if ( callback ) {
errorCallback();
}
} );
}
};
}
// Create the abort callback
callback = callback( "abort" );
try {
// Do send the request (this may raise an exception)
xhr.send( options.hasContent && options.data || null );
} catch ( e ) {
// #14683: Only rethrow if this hasn't been notified as an error yet
if ( callback ) {
throw e;
}
}
},
abort: function() {
if ( callback ) {
callback();
}
}
};
}
} );
// Prevent auto-execution of scripts when no explicit dataType was provided (See gh-2432)
jQuery.ajaxPrefilter( function( s ) {
if ( s.crossDomain ) {
s.contents.script = false;
}
} );
// Install script dataType
jQuery.ajaxSetup( {
accepts: {
script: "text/javascript, application/javascript, " +
"application/ecmascript, application/x-ecmascript"
},
contents: {
script: /\b(?:java|ecma)script\b/
},
converters: {
"text script": function( text ) {
jQuery.globalEval( text );
return text;
}
}
} );
// Handle cache's special case and crossDomain
jQuery.ajaxPrefilter( "script", function( s ) {
if ( s.cache === undefined ) {
s.cache = false;
}
if ( s.crossDomain ) {
s.type = "GET";
}
} );
// Bind script tag hack transport
jQuery.ajaxTransport( "script", function( s ) {
// This transport only deals with cross domain requests
if ( s.crossDomain ) {
var script, callback;
return {
send: function( _, complete ) {
script = jQuery( "<script>" ).prop( {
charset: s.scriptCharset,
src: s.url
} ).on(
"load error",
callback = function( evt ) {
script.remove();
callback = null;
if ( evt ) {
complete( evt.type === "error" ? 404 : 200, evt.type );
}
}
);
// Use native DOM manipulation to avoid our domManip AJAX trickery
document.head.appendChild( script[ 0 ] );
},
abort: function() {
if ( callback ) {
callback();
}
}
};
}
} );
var oldCallbacks = [],
rjsonp = /(=)\?(?=&|$)|\?\?/;
// Default jsonp settings
jQuery.ajaxSetup( {
jsonp: "callback",
jsonpCallback: function() {
var callback = oldCallbacks.pop() || ( jQuery.expando + "_" + ( nonce++ ) );
this[ callback ] = true;
return callback;
}
} );
// Detect, normalize options and install callbacks for jsonp requests
jQuery.ajaxPrefilter( "json jsonp", function( s, originalSettings, jqXHR ) {
var callbackName, overwritten, responseContainer,
jsonProp = s.jsonp !== false && ( rjsonp.test( s.url ) ?
"url" :
typeof s.data === "string" &&
( s.contentType || "" )
.indexOf( "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" ) === 0 &&
rjsonp.test( s.data ) && "data"
);
// Handle iff the expected data type is "jsonp" or we have a parameter to set
if ( jsonProp || s.dataTypes[ 0 ] === "jsonp" ) {
// Get callback name, remembering preexisting value associated with it
callbackName = s.jsonpCallback = jQuery.isFunction( s.jsonpCallback ) ?
s.jsonpCallback() :
s.jsonpCallback;
// Insert callback into url or form data
if ( jsonProp ) {
s[ jsonProp ] = s[ jsonProp ].replace( rjsonp, "$1" + callbackName );
} else if ( s.jsonp !== false ) {
s.url += ( rquery.test( s.url ) ? "&" : "?" ) + s.jsonp + "=" + callbackName;
}
// Use data converter to retrieve json after script execution
s.converters[ "script json" ] = function() {
if ( !responseContainer ) {
jQuery.error( callbackName + " was not called" );
}
return responseContainer[ 0 ];
};
// Force json dataType
s.dataTypes[ 0 ] = "json";
// Install callback
overwritten = window[ callbackName ];
window[ callbackName ] = function() {
responseContainer = arguments;
};
// Clean-up function (fires after converters)
jqXHR.always( function() {
// If previous value didn't exist - remove it
if ( overwritten === undefined ) {
jQuery( window ).removeProp( callbackName );
// Otherwise restore preexisting value
} else {
window[ callbackName ] = overwritten;
}
// Save back as free
if ( s[ callbackName ] ) {
// Make sure that re-using the options doesn't screw things around
s.jsonpCallback = originalSettings.jsonpCallback;
// Save the callback name for future use
oldCallbacks.push( callbackName );
}
// Call if it was a function and we have a response
if ( responseContainer && jQuery.isFunction( overwritten ) ) {
overwritten( responseContainer[ 0 ] );
}
responseContainer = overwritten = undefined;
} );
// Delegate to script
return "script";
}
} );
// Support: Safari 8 only
// In Safari 8 documents created via document.implementation.createHTMLDocument
// collapse sibling forms: the second one becomes a child of the first one.
// Because of that, this security measure has to be disabled in Safari 8.
// https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=137337
support.createHTMLDocument = ( function() {
var body = document.implementation.createHTMLDocument( "" ).body;
body.innerHTML = "<form></form><form></form>";
return body.childNodes.length === 2;
} )();
// Argument "data" should be string of html
// context (optional): If specified, the fragment will be created in this context,
// defaults to document
// keepScripts (optional): If true, will include scripts passed in the html string
jQuery.parseHTML = function( data, context, keepScripts ) {
if ( typeof data !== "string" ) {
return [];
}
if ( typeof context === "boolean" ) {
keepScripts = context;
context = false;
}
var base, parsed, scripts;
if ( !context ) {
// Stop scripts or inline event handlers from being executed immediately
// by using document.implementation
if ( support.createHTMLDocument ) {
context = document.implementation.createHTMLDocument( "" );
// Set the base href for the created document
// so any parsed elements with URLs
// are based on the document's URL (gh-2965)
base = context.createElement( "base" );
base.href = document.location.href;
context.head.appendChild( base );
} else {
context = document;
}
}
parsed = rsingleTag.exec( data );
scripts = !keepScripts && [];
// Single tag
if ( parsed ) {
return [ context.createElement( parsed[ 1 ] ) ];
}
parsed = buildFragment( [ data ], context, scripts );
if ( scripts && scripts.length ) {
jQuery( scripts ).remove();
}
return jQuery.merge( [], parsed.childNodes );
};
/**
* Load a url into a page
*/
jQuery.fn.load = function( url, params, callback ) {
var selector, type, response,
self = this,
off = url.indexOf( " " );
if ( off > -1 ) {
selector = stripAndCollapse( url.slice( off ) );
url = url.slice( 0, off );
}
// If it's a function
if ( jQuery.isFunction( params ) ) {
// We assume that it's the callback
callback = params;
params = undefined;
// Otherwise, build a param string
} else if ( params && typeof params === "object" ) {
type = "POST";
}
// If we have elements to modify, make the request
if ( self.length > 0 ) {
jQuery.ajax( {
url: url,
// If "type" variable is undefined, then "GET" method will be used.
// Make value of this field explicit since
// user can override it through ajaxSetup method
type: type || "GET",
dataType: "html",
data: params
} ).done( function( responseText ) {
// Save response for use in complete callback
response = arguments;
self.html( selector ?
// If a selector was specified, locate the right elements in a dummy div
// Exclude scripts to avoid IE 'Permission Denied' errors
jQuery( "<div>" ).append( jQuery.parseHTML( responseText ) ).find( selector ) :
// Otherwise use the full result
responseText );
// If the request succeeds, this function gets "data", "status", "jqXHR"
// but they are ignored because response was set above.
// If it fails, this function gets "jqXHR", "status", "error"
} ).always( callback && function( jqXHR, status ) {
self.each( function() {
callback.apply( this, response || [ jqXHR.responseText, status, jqXHR ] );
} );
} );
}
return this;
};
// Attach a bunch of functions for handling common AJAX events
jQuery.each( [
"ajaxStart",
"ajaxStop",
"ajaxComplete",
"ajaxError",
"ajaxSuccess",
"ajaxSend"
], function( i, type ) {
jQuery.fn[ type ] = function( fn ) {
return this.on( type, fn );
};
} );
jQuery.expr.pseudos.animated = function( elem ) {
return jQuery.grep( jQuery.timers, function( fn ) {
return elem === fn.elem;
} ).length;
};
jQuery.offset = {
setOffset: function( elem, options, i ) {
var curPosition, curLeft, curCSSTop, curTop, curOffset, curCSSLeft, calculatePosition,
position = jQuery.css( elem, "position" ),
curElem = jQuery( elem ),
props = {};
// Set position first, in-case top/left are set even on static elem
if ( position === "static" ) {
elem.style.position = "relative";
}
curOffset = curElem.offset();
curCSSTop = jQuery.css( elem, "top" );
curCSSLeft = jQuery.css( elem, "left" );
calculatePosition = ( position === "absolute" || position === "fixed" ) &&
( curCSSTop + curCSSLeft ).indexOf( "auto" ) > -1;
// Need to be able to calculate position if either
// top or left is auto and position is either absolute or fixed
if ( calculatePosition ) {
curPosition = curElem.position();
curTop = curPosition.top;
curLeft = curPosition.left;
} else {
curTop = parseFloat( curCSSTop ) || 0;
curLeft = parseFloat( curCSSLeft ) || 0;
}
if ( jQuery.isFunction( options ) ) {
// Use jQuery.extend here to allow modification of coordinates argument (gh-1848)
options = options.call( elem, i, jQuery.extend( {}, curOffset ) );
}
if ( options.top != null ) {
props.top = ( options.top - curOffset.top ) + curTop;
}
if ( options.left != null ) {
props.left = ( options.left - curOffset.left ) + curLeft;
}
if ( "using" in options ) {
options.using.call( elem, props );
} else {
curElem.css( props );
}
}
};
jQuery.fn.extend( {
offset: function( options ) {
// Preserve chaining for setter
if ( arguments.length ) {
return options === undefined ?
this :
this.each( function( i ) {
jQuery.offset.setOffset( this, options, i );
} );
}
var doc, docElem, rect, win,
elem = this[ 0 ];
if ( !elem ) {
return;
}
// Return zeros for disconnected and hidden (display: none) elements (gh-2310)
// Support: IE <=11 only
// Running getBoundingClientRect on a
// disconnected node in IE throws an error
if ( !elem.getClientRects().length ) {
return { top: 0, left: 0 };
}
rect = elem.getBoundingClientRect();
doc = elem.ownerDocument;
docElem = doc.documentElement;
win = doc.defaultView;
return {
top: rect.top + win.pageYOffset - docElem.clientTop,
left: rect.left + win.pageXOffset - docElem.clientLeft
};
},
position: function() {
if ( !this[ 0 ] ) {
return;
}
var offsetParent, offset,
elem = this[ 0 ],
parentOffset = { top: 0, left: 0 };
// Fixed elements are offset from window (parentOffset = {top:0, left: 0},
// because it is its only offset parent
if ( jQuery.css( elem, "position" ) === "fixed" ) {
// Assume getBoundingClientRect is there when computed position is fixed
offset = elem.getBoundingClientRect();
} else {
// Get *real* offsetParent
offsetParent = this.offsetParent();
// Get correct offsets
offset = this.offset();
if ( !nodeName( offsetParent[ 0 ], "html" ) ) {
parentOffset = offsetParent.offset();
}
// Add offsetParent borders
parentOffset = {
top: parentOffset.top + jQuery.css( offsetParent[ 0 ], "borderTopWidth", true ),
left: parentOffset.left + jQuery.css( offsetParent[ 0 ], "borderLeftWidth", true )
};
}
// Subtract parent offsets and element margins
return {
top: offset.top - parentOffset.top - jQuery.css( elem, "marginTop", true ),
left: offset.left - parentOffset.left - jQuery.css( elem, "marginLeft", true )
};
},
// This method will return documentElement in the following cases:
// 1) For the element inside the iframe without offsetParent, this method will return
// documentElement of the parent window
// 2) For the hidden or detached element
// 3) For body or html element, i.e. in case of the html node - it will return itself
//
// but those exceptions were never presented as a real life use-cases
// and might be considered as more preferable results.
//
// This logic, however, is not guaranteed and can change at any point in the future
offsetParent: function() {
return this.map( function() {
var offsetParent = this.offsetParent;
while ( offsetParent && jQuery.css( offsetParent, "position" ) === "static" ) {
offsetParent = offsetParent.offsetParent;
}
return offsetParent || documentElement;
} );
}
} );
// Create scrollLeft and scrollTop methods
jQuery.each( { scrollLeft: "pageXOffset", scrollTop: "pageYOffset" }, function( method, prop ) {
var top = "pageYOffset" === prop;
jQuery.fn[ method ] = function( val ) {
return access( this, function( elem, method, val ) {
// Coalesce documents and windows
var win;
if ( jQuery.isWindow( elem ) ) {
win = elem;
} else if ( elem.nodeType === 9 ) {
win = elem.defaultView;
}
if ( val === undefined ) {
return win ? win[ prop ] : elem[ method ];
}
if ( win ) {
win.scrollTo(
!top ? val : win.pageXOffset,
top ? val : win.pageYOffset
);
} else {
elem[ method ] = val;
}
}, method, val, arguments.length );
};
} );
// Support: Safari <=7 - 9.1, Chrome <=37 - 49
// Add the top/left cssHooks using jQuery.fn.position
// Webkit bug: https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=29084
// Blink bug: https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=589347
// getComputedStyle returns percent when specified for top/left/bottom/right;
// rather than make the css module depend on the offset module, just check for it here
jQuery.each( [ "top", "left" ], function( i, prop ) {
jQuery.cssHooks[ prop ] = addGetHookIf( support.pixelPosition,
function( elem, computed ) {
if ( computed ) {
computed = curCSS( elem, prop );
// If curCSS returns percentage, fallback to offset
return rnumnonpx.test( computed ) ?
jQuery( elem ).position()[ prop ] + "px" :
computed;
}
}
);
} );
// Create innerHeight, innerWidth, height, width, outerHeight and outerWidth methods
jQuery.each( { Height: "height", Width: "width" }, function( name, type ) {
jQuery.each( { padding: "inner" + name, content: type, "": "outer" + name },
function( defaultExtra, funcName ) {
// Margin is only for outerHeight, outerWidth
jQuery.fn[ funcName ] = function( margin, value ) {
var chainable = arguments.length && ( defaultExtra || typeof margin !== "boolean" ),
extra = defaultExtra || ( margin === true || value === true ? "margin" : "border" );
return access( this, function( elem, type, value ) {
var doc;
if ( jQuery.isWindow( elem ) ) {
// $( window ).outerWidth/Height return w/h including scrollbars (gh-1729)
return funcName.indexOf( "outer" ) === 0 ?
elem[ "inner" + name ] :
elem.document.documentElement[ "client" + name ];
}
// Get document width or height
if ( elem.nodeType === 9 ) {
doc = elem.documentElement;
// Either scroll[Width/Height] or offset[Width/Height] or client[Width/Height],
// whichever is greatest
return Math.max(
elem.body[ "scroll" + name ], doc[ "scroll" + name ],
elem.body[ "offset" + name ], doc[ "offset" + name ],
doc[ "client" + name ]
);
}
return value === undefined ?
// Get width or height on the element, requesting but not forcing parseFloat
jQuery.css( elem, type, extra ) :
// Set width or height on the element
jQuery.style( elem, type, value, extra );
}, type, chainable ? margin : undefined, chainable );
};
} );
} );
jQuery.fn.extend( {
bind: function( types, data, fn ) {
return this.on( types, null, data, fn );
},
unbind: function( types, fn ) {
return this.off( types, null, fn );
},
delegate: function( selector, types, data, fn ) {
return this.on( types, selector, data, fn );
},
undelegate: function( selector, types, fn ) {
// ( namespace ) or ( selector, types [, fn] )
return arguments.length === 1 ?
this.off( selector, "**" ) :
this.off( types, selector || "**", fn );
}
} );
jQuery.holdReady = function( hold ) {
if ( hold ) {
jQuery.readyWait++;
} else {
jQuery.ready( true );
}
};
jQuery.isArray = Array.isArray;
jQuery.parseJSON = JSON.parse;
jQuery.nodeName = nodeName;
// Register as a named AMD module, since jQuery can be concatenated with other
// files that may use define, but not via a proper concatenation script that
// understands anonymous AMD modules. A named AMD is safest and most robust
// way to register. Lowercase jquery is used because AMD module names are
// derived from file names, and jQuery is normally delivered in a lowercase
// file name. Do this after creating the global so that if an AMD module wants
// to call noConflict to hide this version of jQuery, it will work.
// Note that for maximum portability, libraries that are not jQuery should
// declare themselves as anonymous modules, and avoid setting a global if an
// AMD loader is present. jQuery is a special case. For more information, see
// https://github.com/jrburke/requirejs/wiki/Updating-existing-libraries#wiki-anon
if ( true ) {
!(__WEBPACK_AMD_DEFINE_ARRAY__ = [], __WEBPACK_AMD_DEFINE_RESULT__ = function() {
return jQuery;
}.apply(exports, __WEBPACK_AMD_DEFINE_ARRAY__),
__WEBPACK_AMD_DEFINE_RESULT__ !== undefined && (module.exports = __WEBPACK_AMD_DEFINE_RESULT__));
}
var
// Map over jQuery in case of overwrite
_jQuery = window.jQuery,
// Map over the $ in case of overwrite
_$ = window.$;
jQuery.noConflict = function( deep ) {
if ( window.$ === jQuery ) {
window.$ = _$;
}
if ( deep && window.jQuery === jQuery ) {
window.jQuery = _jQuery;
}
return jQuery;
};
// Expose jQuery and $ identifiers, even in AMD
// (#7102#comment:10, https://github.com/jquery/jquery/pull/557)
// and CommonJS for browser emulators (#13566)
if ( !noGlobal ) {
window.jQuery = window.$ = jQuery;
}
return jQuery;
} );
/***/ }),
/***/ 41:
/***/ (function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
__webpack_require__(9);
module.exports = __webpack_require__(3);
/***/ }),
/***/ 9:
/***/ (function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {
"use strict";
/* WEBPACK VAR INJECTION */(function(global) {/*!
* Vue.js v2.4.2
* (c) 2014-2017 Evan You
* Released under the MIT License.
*/
/* */
// these helpers produces better vm code in JS engines due to their
// explicitness and function inlining
function isUndef (v) {
return v === undefined || v === null
}
function isDef (v) {
return v !== undefined && v !== null
}
function isTrue (v) {
return v === true
}
function isFalse (v) {
return v === false
}
/**
* Check if value is primitive
*/
function isPrimitive (value) {
return (
typeof value === 'string' ||
typeof value === 'number' ||
typeof value === 'boolean'
)
}
/**
* Quick object check - this is primarily used to tell
* Objects from primitive values when we know the value
* is a JSON-compliant type.
*/
function isObject (obj) {
return obj !== null && typeof obj === 'object'
}
var _toString = Object.prototype.toString;
/**
* Strict object type check. Only returns true
* for plain JavaScript objects.
*/
function isPlainObject (obj) {
return _toString.call(obj) === '[object Object]'
}
function isRegExp (v) {
return _toString.call(v) === '[object RegExp]'
}
/**
* Check if val is a valid array index.
*/
function isValidArrayIndex (val) {
var n = parseFloat(val);
return n >= 0 && Math.floor(n) === n && isFinite(val)
}
/**
* Convert a value to a string that is actually rendered.
*/
function toString (val) {
return val == null
? ''
: typeof val === 'object'
? JSON.stringify(val, null, 2)
: String(val)
}
/**
* Convert a input value to a number for persistence.
* If the conversion fails, return original string.
*/
function toNumber (val) {
var n = parseFloat(val);
return isNaN(n) ? val : n
}
/**
* Make a map and return a function for checking if a key
* is in that map.
*/
function makeMap (
str,
expectsLowerCase
) {
var map = Object.create(null);
var list = str.split(',');
for (var i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
map[list[i]] = true;
}
return expectsLowerCase
? function (val) { return map[val.toLowerCase()]; }
: function (val) { return map[val]; }
}
/**
* Check if a tag is a built-in tag.
*/
var isBuiltInTag = makeMap('slot,component', true);
/**
* Check if a attribute is a reserved attribute.
*/
var isReservedAttribute = makeMap('key,ref,slot,is');
/**
* Remove an item from an array
*/
function remove (arr, item) {
if (arr.length) {
var index = arr.indexOf(item);
if (index > -1) {
return arr.splice(index, 1)
}
}
}
/**
* Check whether the object has the property.
*/
var hasOwnProperty = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;
function hasOwn (obj, key) {
return hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)
}
/**
* Create a cached version of a pure function.
*/
function cached (fn) {
var cache = Object.create(null);
return (function cachedFn (str) {
var hit = cache[str];
return hit || (cache[str] = fn(str))
})
}
/**
* Camelize a hyphen-delimited string.
*/
var camelizeRE = /-(\w)/g;
var camelize = cached(function (str) {
return str.replace(camelizeRE, function (_, c) { return c ? c.toUpperCase() : ''; })
});
/**
* Capitalize a string.
*/
var capitalize = cached(function (str) {
return str.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str.slice(1)
});
/**
* Hyphenate a camelCase string.
*/
var hyphenateRE = /([^-])([A-Z])/g;
var hyphenate = cached(function (str) {
return str
.replace(hyphenateRE, '$1-$2')
.replace(hyphenateRE, '$1-$2')
.toLowerCase()
});
/**
* Simple bind, faster than native
*/
function bind (fn, ctx) {
function boundFn (a) {
var l = arguments.length;
return l
? l > 1
? fn.apply(ctx, arguments)
: fn.call(ctx, a)
: fn.call(ctx)
}
// record original fn length
boundFn._length = fn.length;
return boundFn
}
/**
* Convert an Array-like object to a real Array.
*/
function toArray (list, start) {
start = start || 0;
var i = list.length - start;
var ret = new Array(i);
while (i--) {
ret[i] = list[i + start];
}
return ret
}
/**
* Mix properties into target object.
*/
function extend (to, _from) {
for (var key in _from) {
to[key] = _from[key];
}
return to
}
/**
* Merge an Array of Objects into a single Object.
*/
function toObject (arr) {
var res = {};
for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
if (arr[i]) {
extend(res, arr[i]);
}
}
return res
}
/**
* Perform no operation.
* Stubbing args to make Flow happy without leaving useless transpiled code
* with ...rest (https://flow.org/blog/2017/05/07/Strict-Function-Call-Arity/)
*/
function noop (a, b, c) {}
/**
* Always return false.
*/
var no = function (a, b, c) { return false; };
/**
* Return same value
*/
var identity = function (_) { return _; };
/**
* Generate a static keys string from compiler modules.
*/
function genStaticKeys (modules) {
return modules.reduce(function (keys, m) {
return keys.concat(m.staticKeys || [])
}, []).join(',')
}
/**
* Check if two values are loosely equal - that is,
* if they are plain objects, do they have the same shape?
*/
function looseEqual (a, b) {
if (a === b) { return true }
var isObjectA = isObject(a);
var isObjectB = isObject(b);
if (isObjectA && isObjectB) {
try {
var isArrayA = Array.isArray(a);
var isArrayB = Array.isArray(b);
if (isArrayA && isArrayB) {
return a.length === b.length && a.every(function (e, i) {
return looseEqual(e, b[i])
})
} else if (!isArrayA && !isArrayB) {
var keysA = Object.keys(a);
var keysB = Object.keys(b);
return keysA.length === keysB.length && keysA.every(function (key) {
return looseEqual(a[key], b[key])
})
} else {
/* istanbul ignore next */
return false
}
} catch (e) {
/* istanbul ignore next */
return false
}
} else if (!isObjectA && !isObjectB) {
return String(a) === String(b)
} else {
return false
}
}
function looseIndexOf (arr, val) {
for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
if (looseEqual(arr[i], val)) { return i }
}
return -1
}
/**
* Ensure a function is called only once.
*/
function once (fn) {
var called = false;
return function () {
if (!called) {
called = true;
fn.apply(this, arguments);
}
}
}
var SSR_ATTR = 'data-server-rendered';
var ASSET_TYPES = [
'component',
'directive',
'filter'
];
var LIFECYCLE_HOOKS = [
'beforeCreate',
'created',
'beforeMount',
'mounted',
'beforeUpdate',
'updated',
'beforeDestroy',
'destroyed',
'activated',
'deactivated'
];
/* */
var config = ({
/**
* Option merge strategies (used in core/util/options)
*/
optionMergeStrategies: Object.create(null),
/**
* Whether to suppress warnings.
*/
silent: false,
/**
* Show production mode tip message on boot?
*/
productionTip: "development" !== 'production',
/**
* Whether to enable devtools
*/
devtools: "development" !== 'production',
/**
* Whether to record perf
*/
performance: false,
/**
* Error handler for watcher errors
*/
errorHandler: null,
/**
* Warn handler for watcher warns
*/
warnHandler: null,
/**
* Ignore certain custom elements
*/
ignoredElements: [],
/**
* Custom user key aliases for v-on
*/
keyCodes: Object.create(null),
/**
* Check if a tag is reserved so that it cannot be registered as a
* component. This is platform-dependent and may be overwritten.
*/
isReservedTag: no,
/**
* Check if an attribute is reserved so that it cannot be used as a component
* prop. This is platform-dependent and may be overwritten.
*/
isReservedAttr: no,
/**
* Check if a tag is an unknown element.
* Platform-dependent.
*/
isUnknownElement: no,
/**
* Get the namespace of an element
*/
getTagNamespace: noop,
/**
* Parse the real tag name for the specific platform.
*/
parsePlatformTagName: identity,
/**
* Check if an attribute must be bound using property, e.g. value
* Platform-dependent.
*/
mustUseProp: no,
/**
* Exposed for legacy reasons
*/
_lifecycleHooks: LIFECYCLE_HOOKS
});
/* */
var emptyObject = Object.freeze({});
/**
* Check if a string starts with $ or _
*/
function isReserved (str) {
var c = (str + '').charCodeAt(0);
return c === 0x24 || c === 0x5F
}
/**
* Define a property.
*/
function def (obj, key, val, enumerable) {
Object.defineProperty(obj, key, {
value: val,
enumerable: !!enumerable,
writable: true,
configurable: true
});
}
/**
* Parse simple path.
*/
var bailRE = /[^\w.$]/;
function parsePath (path) {
if (bailRE.test(path)) {
return
}
var segments = path.split('.');
return function (obj) {
for (var i = 0; i < segments.length; i++) {
if (!obj) { return }
obj = obj[segments[i]];
}
return obj
}
}
/* */
var warn = noop;
var tip = noop;
var formatComponentName = (null); // work around flow check
if (true) {
var hasConsole = typeof console !== 'undefined';
var classifyRE = /(?:^|[-_])(\w)/g;
var classify = function (str) { return str
.replace(classifyRE, function (c) { return c.toUpperCase(); })
.replace(/[-_]/g, ''); };
warn = function (msg, vm) {
var trace = vm ? generateComponentTrace(vm) : '';
if (config.warnHandler) {
config.warnHandler.call(null, msg, vm, trace);
} else if (hasConsole && (!config.silent)) {
console.error(("[Vue warn]: " + msg + trace));
}
};
tip = function (msg, vm) {
if (hasConsole && (!config.silent)) {
console.warn("[Vue tip]: " + msg + (
vm ? generateComponentTrace(vm) : ''
));
}
};
formatComponentName = function (vm, includeFile) {
if (vm.$root === vm) {
return '<Root>'
}
var name = typeof vm === 'string'
? vm
: typeof vm === 'function' && vm.options
? vm.options.name
: vm._isVue
? vm.$options.name || vm.$options._componentTag
: vm.name;
var file = vm._isVue && vm.$options.__file;
if (!name && file) {
var match = file.match(/([^/\\]+)\.vue$/);
name = match && match[1];
}
return (
(name ? ("<" + (classify(name)) + ">") : "<Anonymous>") +
(file && includeFile !== false ? (" at " + file) : '')
)
};
var repeat = function (str, n) {
var res = '';
while (n) {
if (n % 2 === 1) { res += str; }
if (n > 1) { str += str; }
n >>= 1;
}
return res
};
var generateComponentTrace = function (vm) {
if (vm._isVue && vm.$parent) {
var tree = [];
var currentRecursiveSequence = 0;
while (vm) {
if (tree.length > 0) {
var last = tree[tree.length - 1];
if (last.constructor === vm.constructor) {
currentRecursiveSequence++;
vm = vm.$parent;
continue
} else if (currentRecursiveSequence > 0) {
tree[tree.length - 1] = [last, currentRecursiveSequence];
currentRecursiveSequence = 0;
}
}
tree.push(vm);
vm = vm.$parent;
}
return '\n\nfound in\n\n' + tree
.map(function (vm, i) { return ("" + (i === 0 ? '---> ' : repeat(' ', 5 + i * 2)) + (Array.isArray(vm)
? ((formatComponentName(vm[0])) + "... (" + (vm[1]) + " recursive calls)")
: formatComponentName(vm))); })
.join('\n')
} else {
return ("\n\n(found in " + (formatComponentName(vm)) + ")")
}
};
}
/* */
function handleError (err, vm, info) {
if (config.errorHandler) {
config.errorHandler.call(null, err, vm, info);
} else {
if (true) {
warn(("Error in " + info + ": \"" + (err.toString()) + "\""), vm);
}
/* istanbul ignore else */
if (inBrowser && typeof console !== 'undefined') {
console.error(err);
} else {
throw err
}
}
}
/* */
/* globals MutationObserver */
// can we use __proto__?
var hasProto = '__proto__' in {};
// Browser environment sniffing
var inBrowser = typeof window !== 'undefined';
var UA = inBrowser && window.navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase();
var isIE = UA && /msie|trident/.test(UA);
var isIE9 = UA && UA.indexOf('msie 9.0') > 0;
var isEdge = UA && UA.indexOf('edge/') > 0;
var isAndroid = UA && UA.indexOf('android') > 0;
var isIOS = UA && /iphone|ipad|ipod|ios/.test(UA);
var isChrome = UA && /chrome\/\d+/.test(UA) && !isEdge;
// Firefix has a "watch" function on Object.prototype...
var nativeWatch = ({}).watch;
var supportsPassive = false;
if (inBrowser) {
try {
var opts = {};
Object.defineProperty(opts, 'passive', ({
get: function get () {
/* istanbul ignore next */
supportsPassive = true;
}
})); // https://github.com/facebook/flow/issues/285
window.addEventListener('test-passive', null, opts);
} catch (e) {}
}
// this needs to be lazy-evaled because vue may be required before
// vue-server-renderer can set VUE_ENV
var _isServer;
var isServerRendering = function () {
if (_isServer === undefined) {
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (!inBrowser && typeof global !== 'undefined') {
// detect presence of vue-server-renderer and avoid
// Webpack shimming the process
_isServer = global['process'].env.VUE_ENV === 'server';
} else {
_isServer = false;
}
}
return _isServer
};
// detect devtools
var devtools = inBrowser && window.__VUE_DEVTOOLS_GLOBAL_HOOK__;
/* istanbul ignore next */
function isNative (Ctor) {
return typeof Ctor === 'function' && /native code/.test(Ctor.toString())
}
var hasSymbol =
typeof Symbol !== 'undefined' && isNative(Symbol) &&
typeof Reflect !== 'undefined' && isNative(Reflect.ownKeys);
/**
* Defer a task to execute it asynchronously.
*/
var nextTick = (function () {
var callbacks = [];
var pending = false;
var timerFunc;
function nextTickHandler () {
pending = false;
var copies = callbacks.slice(0);
callbacks.length = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < copies.length; i++) {
copies[i]();
}
}
// the nextTick behavior leverages the microtask queue, which can be accessed
// via either native Promise.then or MutationObserver.
// MutationObserver has wider support, however it is seriously bugged in
// UIWebView in iOS >= 9.3.3 when triggered in touch event handlers. It
// completely stops working after triggering a few times... so, if native
// Promise is available, we will use it:
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (typeof Promise !== 'undefined' && isNative(Promise)) {
var p = Promise.resolve();
var logError = function (err) { console.error(err); };
timerFunc = function () {
p.then(nextTickHandler).catch(logError);
// in problematic UIWebViews, Promise.then doesn't completely break, but
// it can get stuck in a weird state where callbacks are pushed into the
// microtask queue but the queue isn't being flushed, until the browser
// needs to do some other work, e.g. handle a timer. Therefore we can
// "force" the microtask queue to be flushed by adding an empty timer.
if (isIOS) { setTimeout(noop); }
};
} else if (typeof MutationObserver !== 'undefined' && (
isNative(MutationObserver) ||
// PhantomJS and iOS 7.x
MutationObserver.toString() === '[object MutationObserverConstructor]'
)) {
// use MutationObserver where native Promise is not available,
// e.g. PhantomJS IE11, iOS7, Android 4.4
var counter = 1;
var observer = new MutationObserver(nextTickHandler);
var textNode = document.createTextNode(String(counter));
observer.observe(textNode, {
characterData: true
});
timerFunc = function () {
counter = (counter + 1) % 2;
textNode.data = String(counter);
};
} else {
// fallback to setTimeout
/* istanbul ignore next */
timerFunc = function () {
setTimeout(nextTickHandler, 0);
};
}
return function queueNextTick (cb, ctx) {
var _resolve;
callbacks.push(function () {
if (cb) {
try {
cb.call(ctx);
} catch (e) {
handleError(e, ctx, 'nextTick');
}
} else if (_resolve) {
_resolve(ctx);
}
});
if (!pending) {
pending = true;
timerFunc();
}
if (!cb && typeof Promise !== 'undefined') {
return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
_resolve = resolve;
})
}
}
})();
var _Set;
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (typeof Set !== 'undefined' && isNative(Set)) {
// use native Set when available.
_Set = Set;
} else {
// a non-standard Set polyfill that only works with primitive keys.
_Set = (function () {
function Set () {
this.set = Object.create(null);
}
Set.prototype.has = function has (key) {
return this.set[key] === true
};
Set.prototype.add = function add (key) {
this.set[key] = true;
};
Set.prototype.clear = function clear () {
this.set = Object.create(null);
};
return Set;
}());
}
/* */
var uid = 0;
/**
* A dep is an observable that can have multiple
* directives subscribing to it.
*/
var Dep = function Dep () {
this.id = uid++;
this.subs = [];
};
Dep.prototype.addSub = function addSub (sub) {
this.subs.push(sub);
};
Dep.prototype.removeSub = function removeSub (sub) {
remove(this.subs, sub);
};
Dep.prototype.depend = function depend () {
if (Dep.target) {
Dep.target.addDep(this);
}
};
Dep.prototype.notify = function notify () {
// stabilize the subscriber list first
var subs = this.subs.slice();
for (var i = 0, l = subs.length; i < l; i++) {
subs[i].update();
}
};
// the current target watcher being evaluated.
// this is globally unique because there could be only one
// watcher being evaluated at any time.
Dep.target = null;
var targetStack = [];
function pushTarget (_target) {
if (Dep.target) { targetStack.push(Dep.target); }
Dep.target = _target;
}
function popTarget () {
Dep.target = targetStack.pop();
}
/*
* not type checking this file because flow doesn't play well with
* dynamically accessing methods on Array prototype
*/
var arrayProto = Array.prototype;
var arrayMethods = Object.create(arrayProto);[
'push',
'pop',
'shift',
'unshift',
'splice',
'sort',
'reverse'
]
.forEach(function (method) {
// cache original method
var original = arrayProto[method];
def(arrayMethods, method, function mutator () {
var args = [], len = arguments.length;
while ( len-- ) args[ len ] = arguments[ len ];
var result = original.apply(this, args);
var ob = this.__ob__;
var inserted;
switch (method) {
case 'push':
case 'unshift':
inserted = args;
break
case 'splice':
inserted = args.slice(2);
break
}
if (inserted) { ob.observeArray(inserted); }
// notify change
ob.dep.notify();
return result
});
});
/* */
var arrayKeys = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(arrayMethods);
/**
* By default, when a reactive property is set, the new value is
* also converted to become reactive. However when passing down props,
* we don't want to force conversion because the value may be a nested value
* under a frozen data structure. Converting it would defeat the optimization.
*/
var observerState = {
shouldConvert: true
};
/**
* Observer class that are attached to each observed
* object. Once attached, the observer converts target
* object's property keys into getter/setters that
* collect dependencies and dispatches updates.
*/
var Observer = function Observer (value) {
this.value = value;
this.dep = new Dep();
this.vmCount = 0;
def(value, '__ob__', this);
if (Array.isArray(value)) {
var augment = hasProto
? protoAugment
: copyAugment;
augment(value, arrayMethods, arrayKeys);
this.observeArray(value);
} else {
this.walk(value);
}
};
/**
* Walk through each property and convert them into
* getter/setters. This method should only be called when
* value type is Object.
*/
Observer.prototype.walk = function walk (obj) {
var keys = Object.keys(obj);
for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
defineReactive$$1(obj, keys[i], obj[keys[i]]);
}
};
/**
* Observe a list of Array items.
*/
Observer.prototype.observeArray = function observeArray (items) {
for (var i = 0, l = items.length; i < l; i++) {
observe(items[i]);
}
};
// helpers
/**
* Augment an target Object or Array by intercepting
* the prototype chain using __proto__
*/
function protoAugment (target, src, keys) {
/* eslint-disable no-proto */
target.__proto__ = src;
/* eslint-enable no-proto */
}
/**
* Augment an target Object or Array by defining
* hidden properties.
*/
/* istanbul ignore next */
function copyAugment (target, src, keys) {
for (var i = 0, l = keys.length; i < l; i++) {
var key = keys[i];
def(target, key, src[key]);
}
}
/**
* Attempt to create an observer instance for a value,
* returns the new observer if successfully observed,
* or the existing observer if the value already has one.
*/
function observe (value, asRootData) {
if (!isObject(value)) {
return
}
var ob;
if (hasOwn(value, '__ob__') && value.__ob__ instanceof Observer) {
ob = value.__ob__;
} else if (
observerState.shouldConvert &&
!isServerRendering() &&
(Array.isArray(value) || isPlainObject(value)) &&
Object.isExtensible(value) &&
!value._isVue
) {
ob = new Observer(value);
}
if (asRootData && ob) {
ob.vmCount++;
}
return ob
}
/**
* Define a reactive property on an Object.
*/
function defineReactive$$1 (
obj,
key,
val,
customSetter,
shallow
) {
var dep = new Dep();
var property = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(obj, key);
if (property && property.configurable === false) {
return
}
// cater for pre-defined getter/setters
var getter = property && property.get;
var setter = property && property.set;
var childOb = !shallow && observe(val);
Object.defineProperty(obj, key, {
enumerable: true,
configurable: true,
get: function reactiveGetter () {
var value = getter ? getter.call(obj) : val;
if (Dep.target) {
dep.depend();
if (childOb) {
childOb.dep.depend();
}
if (Array.isArray(value)) {
dependArray(value);
}
}
return value
},
set: function reactiveSetter (newVal) {
var value = getter ? getter.call(obj) : val;
/* eslint-disable no-self-compare */
if (newVal === value || (newVal !== newVal && value !== value)) {
return
}
/* eslint-enable no-self-compare */
if ("development" !== 'production' && customSetter) {
customSetter();
}
if (setter) {
setter.call(obj, newVal);
} else {
val = newVal;
}
childOb = !shallow && observe(newVal);
dep.notify();
}
});
}
/**
* Set a property on an object. Adds the new property and
* triggers change notification if the property doesn't
* already exist.
*/
function set (target, key, val) {
if (Array.isArray(target) && isValidArrayIndex(key)) {
target.length = Math.max(target.length, key);
target.splice(key, 1, val);
return val
}
if (hasOwn(target, key)) {
target[key] = val;
return val
}
var ob = (target).__ob__;
if (target._isVue || (ob && ob.vmCount)) {
"development" !== 'production' && warn(
'Avoid adding reactive properties to a Vue instance or its root $data ' +
'at runtime - declare it upfront in the data option.'
);
return val
}
if (!ob) {
target[key] = val;
return val
}
defineReactive$$1(ob.value, key, val);
ob.dep.notify();
return val
}
/**
* Delete a property and trigger change if necessary.
*/
function del (target, key) {
if (Array.isArray(target) && isValidArrayIndex(key)) {
target.splice(key, 1);
return
}
var ob = (target).__ob__;
if (target._isVue || (ob && ob.vmCount)) {
"development" !== 'production' && warn(
'Avoid deleting properties on a Vue instance or its root $data ' +
'- just set it to null.'
);
return
}
if (!hasOwn(target, key)) {
return
}
delete target[key];
if (!ob) {
return
}
ob.dep.notify();
}
/**
* Collect dependencies on array elements when the array is touched, since
* we cannot intercept array element access like property getters.
*/
function dependArray (value) {
for (var e = (void 0), i = 0, l = value.length; i < l; i++) {
e = value[i];
e && e.__ob__ && e.__ob__.dep.depend();
if (Array.isArray(e)) {
dependArray(e);
}
}
}
/* */
/**
* Option overwriting strategies are functions that handle
* how to merge a parent option value and a child option
* value into the final value.
*/
var strats = config.optionMergeStrategies;
/**
* Options with restrictions
*/
if (true) {
strats.el = strats.propsData = function (parent, child, vm, key) {
if (!vm) {
warn(
"option \"" + key + "\" can only be used during instance " +
'creation with the `new` keyword.'
);
}
return defaultStrat(parent, child)
};
}
/**
* Helper that recursively merges two data objects together.
*/
function mergeData (to, from) {
if (!from) { return to }
var key, toVal, fromVal;
var keys = Object.keys(from);
for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
key = keys[i];
toVal = to[key];
fromVal = from[key];
if (!hasOwn(to, key)) {
set(to, key, fromVal);
} else if (isPlainObject(toVal) && isPlainObject(fromVal)) {
mergeData(toVal, fromVal);
}
}
return to
}
/**
* Data
*/
function mergeDataOrFn (
parentVal,
childVal,
vm
) {
if (!vm) {
// in a Vue.extend merge, both should be functions
if (!childVal) {
return parentVal
}
if (!parentVal) {
return childVal
}
// when parentVal & childVal are both present,
// we need to return a function that returns the
// merged result of both functions... no need to
// check if parentVal is a function here because
// it has to be a function to pass previous merges.
return function mergedDataFn () {
return mergeData(
typeof childVal === 'function' ? childVal.call(this) : childVal,
typeof parentVal === 'function' ? parentVal.call(this) : parentVal
)
}
} else if (parentVal || childVal) {
return function mergedInstanceDataFn () {
// instance merge
var instanceData = typeof childVal === 'function'
? childVal.call(vm)
: childVal;
var defaultData = typeof parentVal === 'function'
? parentVal.call(vm)
: undefined;
if (instanceData) {
return mergeData(instanceData, defaultData)
} else {
return defaultData
}
}
}
}
strats.data = function (
parentVal,
childVal,
vm
) {
if (!vm) {
if (childVal && typeof childVal !== 'function') {
"development" !== 'production' && warn(
'The "data" option should be a function ' +
'that returns a per-instance value in component ' +
'definitions.',
vm
);
return parentVal
}
return mergeDataOrFn.call(this, parentVal, childVal)
}
return mergeDataOrFn(parentVal, childVal, vm)
};
/**
* Hooks and props are merged as arrays.
*/
function mergeHook (
parentVal,
childVal
) {
return childVal
? parentVal
? parentVal.concat(childVal)
: Array.isArray(childVal)
? childVal
: [childVal]
: parentVal
}
LIFECYCLE_HOOKS.forEach(function (hook) {
strats[hook] = mergeHook;
});
/**
* Assets
*
* When a vm is present (instance creation), we need to do
* a three-way merge between constructor options, instance
* options and parent options.
*/
function mergeAssets (parentVal, childVal) {
var res = Object.create(parentVal || null);
return childVal
? extend(res, childVal)
: res
}
ASSET_TYPES.forEach(function (type) {
strats[type + 's'] = mergeAssets;
});
/**
* Watchers.
*
* Watchers hashes should not overwrite one
* another, so we merge them as arrays.
*/
strats.watch = function (parentVal, childVal) {
// work around Firefox's Object.prototype.watch...
if (parentVal === nativeWatch) { parentVal = undefined; }
if (childVal === nativeWatch) { childVal = undefined; }
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (!childVal) { return Object.create(parentVal || null) }
if (!parentVal) { return childVal }
var ret = {};
extend(ret, parentVal);
for (var key in childVal) {
var parent = ret[key];
var child = childVal[key];
if (parent && !Array.isArray(parent)) {
parent = [parent];
}
ret[key] = parent
? parent.concat(child)
: Array.isArray(child) ? child : [child];
}
return ret
};
/**
* Other object hashes.
*/
strats.props =
strats.methods =
strats.inject =
strats.computed = function (parentVal, childVal) {
if (!parentVal) { return childVal }
var ret = Object.create(null);
extend(ret, parentVal);
if (childVal) { extend(ret, childVal); }
return ret
};
strats.provide = mergeDataOrFn;
/**
* Default strategy.
*/
var defaultStrat = function (parentVal, childVal) {
return childVal === undefined
? parentVal
: childVal
};
/**
* Validate component names
*/
function checkComponents (options) {
for (var key in options.components) {
var lower = key.toLowerCase();
if (isBuiltInTag(lower) || config.isReservedTag(lower)) {
warn(
'Do not use built-in or reserved HTML elements as component ' +
'id: ' + key
);
}
}
}
/**
* Ensure all props option syntax are normalized into the
* Object-based format.
*/
function normalizeProps (options) {
var props = options.props;
if (!props) { return }
var res = {};
var i, val, name;
if (Array.isArray(props)) {
i = props.length;
while (i--) {
val = props[i];
if (typeof val === 'string') {
name = camelize(val);
res[name] = { type: null };
} else if (true) {
warn('props must be strings when using array syntax.');
}
}
} else if (isPlainObject(props)) {
for (var key in props) {
val = props[key];
name = camelize(key);
res[name] = isPlainObject(val)
? val
: { type: val };
}
}
options.props = res;
}
/**
* Normalize all injections into Object-based format
*/
function normalizeInject (options) {
var inject = options.inject;
if (Array.isArray(inject)) {
var normalized = options.inject = {};
for (var i = 0; i < inject.length; i++) {
normalized[inject[i]] = inject[i];
}
}
}
/**
* Normalize raw function directives into object format.
*/
function normalizeDirectives (options) {
var dirs = options.directives;
if (dirs) {
for (var key in dirs) {
var def = dirs[key];
if (typeof def === 'function') {
dirs[key] = { bind: def, update: def };
}
}
}
}
/**
* Merge two option objects into a new one.
* Core utility used in both instantiation and inheritance.
*/
function mergeOptions (
parent,
child,
vm
) {
if (true) {
checkComponents(child);
}
if (typeof child === 'function') {
child = child.options;
}
normalizeProps(child);
normalizeInject(child);
normalizeDirectives(child);
var extendsFrom = child.extends;
if (extendsFrom) {
parent = mergeOptions(parent, extendsFrom, vm);
}
if (child.mixins) {
for (var i = 0, l = child.mixins.length; i < l; i++) {
parent = mergeOptions(parent, child.mixins[i], vm);
}
}
var options = {};
var key;
for (key in parent) {
mergeField(key);
}
for (key in child) {
if (!hasOwn(parent, key)) {
mergeField(key);
}
}
function mergeField (key) {
var strat = strats[key] || defaultStrat;
options[key] = strat(parent[key], child[key], vm, key);
}
return options
}
/**
* Resolve an asset.
* This function is used because child instances need access
* to assets defined in its ancestor chain.
*/
function resolveAsset (
options,
type,
id,
warnMissing
) {
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (typeof id !== 'string') {
return
}
var assets = options[type];
// check local registration variations first
if (hasOwn(assets, id)) { return assets[id] }
var camelizedId = camelize(id);
if (hasOwn(assets, camelizedId)) { return assets[camelizedId] }
var PascalCaseId = capitalize(camelizedId);
if (hasOwn(assets, PascalCaseId)) { return assets[PascalCaseId] }
// fallback to prototype chain
var res = assets[id] || assets[camelizedId] || assets[PascalCaseId];
if ("development" !== 'production' && warnMissing && !res) {
warn(
'Failed to resolve ' + type.slice(0, -1) + ': ' + id,
options
);
}
return res
}
/* */
function validateProp (
key,
propOptions,
propsData,
vm
) {
var prop = propOptions[key];
var absent = !hasOwn(propsData, key);
var value = propsData[key];
// handle boolean props
if (isType(Boolean, prop.type)) {
if (absent && !hasOwn(prop, 'default')) {
value = false;
} else if (!isType(String, prop.type) && (value === '' || value === hyphenate(key))) {
value = true;
}
}
// check default value
if (value === undefined) {
value = getPropDefaultValue(vm, prop, key);
// since the default value is a fresh copy,
// make sure to observe it.
var prevShouldConvert = observerState.shouldConvert;
observerState.shouldConvert = true;
observe(value);
observerState.shouldConvert = prevShouldConvert;
}
if (true) {
assertProp(prop, key, value, vm, absent);
}
return value
}
/**
* Get the default value of a prop.
*/
function getPropDefaultValue (vm, prop, key) {
// no default, return undefined
if (!hasOwn(prop, 'default')) {
return undefined
}
var def = prop.default;
// warn against non-factory defaults for Object & Array
if ("development" !== 'production' && isObject(def)) {
warn(
'Invalid default value for prop "' + key + '": ' +
'Props with type Object/Array must use a factory function ' +
'to return the default value.',
vm
);
}
// the raw prop value was also undefined from previous render,
// return previous default value to avoid unnecessary watcher trigger
if (vm && vm.$options.propsData &&
vm.$options.propsData[key] === undefined &&
vm._props[key] !== undefined
) {
return vm._props[key]
}
// call factory function for non-Function types
// a value is Function if its prototype is function even across different execution context
return typeof def === 'function' && getType(prop.type) !== 'Function'
? def.call(vm)
: def
}
/**
* Assert whether a prop is valid.
*/
function assertProp (
prop,
name,
value,
vm,
absent
) {
if (prop.required && absent) {
warn(
'Missing required prop: "' + name + '"',
vm
);
return
}
if (value == null && !prop.required) {
return
}
var type = prop.type;
var valid = !type || type === true;
var expectedTypes = [];
if (type) {
if (!Array.isArray(type)) {
type = [type];
}
for (var i = 0; i < type.length && !valid; i++) {
var assertedType = assertType(value, type[i]);
expectedTypes.push(assertedType.expectedType || '');
valid = assertedType.valid;
}
}
if (!valid) {
warn(
'Invalid prop: type check failed for prop "' + name + '".' +
' Expected ' + expectedTypes.map(capitalize).join(', ') +
', got ' + Object.prototype.toString.call(value).slice(8, -1) + '.',
vm
);
return
}
var validator = prop.validator;
if (validator) {
if (!validator(value)) {
warn(
'Invalid prop: custom validator check failed for prop "' + name + '".',
vm
);
}
}
}
var simpleCheckRE = /^(String|Number|Boolean|Function|Symbol)$/;
function assertType (value, type) {
var valid;
var expectedType = getType(type);
if (simpleCheckRE.test(expectedType)) {
valid = typeof value === expectedType.toLowerCase();
} else if (expectedType === 'Object') {
valid = isPlainObject(value);
} else if (expectedType === 'Array') {
valid = Array.isArray(value);
} else {
valid = value instanceof type;
}
return {
valid: valid,
expectedType: expectedType
}
}
/**
* Use function string name to check built-in types,
* because a simple equality check will fail when running
* across different vms / iframes.
*/
function getType (fn) {
var match = fn && fn.toString().match(/^\s*function (\w+)/);
return match ? match[1] : ''
}
function isType (type, fn) {
if (!Array.isArray(fn)) {
return getType(fn) === getType(type)
}
for (var i = 0, len = fn.length; i < len; i++) {
if (getType(fn[i]) === getType(type)) {
return true
}
}
/* istanbul ignore next */
return false
}
/* */
var mark;
var measure;
if (true) {
var perf = inBrowser && window.performance;
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (
perf &&
perf.mark &&
perf.measure &&
perf.clearMarks &&
perf.clearMeasures
) {
mark = function (tag) { return perf.mark(tag); };
measure = function (name, startTag, endTag) {
perf.measure(name, startTag, endTag);
perf.clearMarks(startTag);
perf.clearMarks(endTag);
perf.clearMeasures(name);
};
}
}
/* not type checking this file because flow doesn't play well with Proxy */
var initProxy;
if (true) {
var allowedGlobals = makeMap(
'Infinity,undefined,NaN,isFinite,isNaN,' +
'parseFloat,parseInt,decodeURI,decodeURIComponent,encodeURI,encodeURIComponent,' +
'Math,Number,Date,Array,Object,Boolean,String,RegExp,Map,Set,JSON,Intl,' +
'require' // for Webpack/Browserify
);
var warnNonPresent = function (target, key) {
warn(
"Property or method \"" + key + "\" is not defined on the instance but " +
"referenced during render. Make sure to declare reactive data " +
"properties in the data option.",
target
);
};
var hasProxy =
typeof Proxy !== 'undefined' &&
Proxy.toString().match(/native code/);
if (hasProxy) {
var isBuiltInModifier = makeMap('stop,prevent,self,ctrl,shift,alt,meta');
config.keyCodes = new Proxy(config.keyCodes, {
set: function set (target, key, value) {
if (isBuiltInModifier(key)) {
warn(("Avoid overwriting built-in modifier in config.keyCodes: ." + key));
return false
} else {
target[key] = value;
return true
}
}
});
}
var hasHandler = {
has: function has (target, key) {
var has = key in target;
var isAllowed = allowedGlobals(key) || key.charAt(0) === '_';
if (!has && !isAllowed) {
warnNonPresent(target, key);
}
return has || !isAllowed
}
};
var getHandler = {
get: function get (target, key) {
if (typeof key === 'string' && !(key in target)) {
warnNonPresent(target, key);
}
return target[key]
}
};
initProxy = function initProxy (vm) {
if (hasProxy) {
// determine which proxy handler to use
var options = vm.$options;
var handlers = options.render && options.render._withStripped
? getHandler
: hasHandler;
vm._renderProxy = new Proxy(vm, handlers);
} else {
vm._renderProxy = vm;
}
};
}
/* */
var VNode = function VNode (
tag,
data,
children,
text,
elm,
context,
componentOptions,
asyncFactory
) {
this.tag = tag;
this.data = data;
this.children = children;
this.text = text;
this.elm = elm;
this.ns = undefined;
this.context = context;
this.functionalContext = undefined;
this.key = data && data.key;
this.componentOptions = componentOptions;
this.componentInstance = undefined;
this.parent = undefined;
this.raw = false;
this.isStatic = false;
this.isRootInsert = true;
this.isComment = false;
this.isCloned = false;
this.isOnce = false;
this.asyncFactory = asyncFactory;
this.asyncMeta = undefined;
this.isAsyncPlaceholder = false;
};
var prototypeAccessors = { child: {} };
// DEPRECATED: alias for componentInstance for backwards compat.
/* istanbul ignore next */
prototypeAccessors.child.get = function () {
return this.componentInstance
};
Object.defineProperties( VNode.prototype, prototypeAccessors );
var createEmptyVNode = function (text) {
if ( text === void 0 ) text = '';
var node = new VNode();
node.text = text;
node.isComment = true;
return node
};
function createTextVNode (val) {
return new VNode(undefined, undefined, undefined, String(val))
}
// optimized shallow clone
// used for static nodes and slot nodes because they may be reused across
// multiple renders, cloning them avoids errors when DOM manipulations rely
// on their elm reference.
function cloneVNode (vnode) {
var cloned = new VNode(
vnode.tag,
vnode.data,
vnode.children,
vnode.text,
vnode.elm,
vnode.context,
vnode.componentOptions,
vnode.asyncFactory
);
cloned.ns = vnode.ns;
cloned.isStatic = vnode.isStatic;
cloned.key = vnode.key;
cloned.isComment = vnode.isComment;
cloned.isCloned = true;
return cloned
}
function cloneVNodes (vnodes) {
var len = vnodes.length;
var res = new Array(len);
for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
res[i] = cloneVNode(vnodes[i]);
}
return res
}
/* */
var normalizeEvent = cached(function (name) {
var passive = name.charAt(0) === '&';
name = passive ? name.slice(1) : name;
var once$$1 = name.charAt(0) === '~'; // Prefixed last, checked first
name = once$$1 ? name.slice(1) : name;
var capture = name.charAt(0) === '!';
name = capture ? name.slice(1) : name;
return {
name: name,
once: once$$1,
capture: capture,
passive: passive
}
});
function createFnInvoker (fns) {
function invoker () {
var arguments$1 = arguments;
var fns = invoker.fns;
if (Array.isArray(fns)) {
var cloned = fns.slice();
for (var i = 0; i < cloned.length; i++) {
cloned[i].apply(null, arguments$1);
}
} else {
// return handler return value for single handlers
return fns.apply(null, arguments)
}
}
invoker.fns = fns;
return invoker
}
function updateListeners (
on,
oldOn,
add,
remove$$1,
vm
) {
var name, cur, old, event;
for (name in on) {
cur = on[name];
old = oldOn[name];
event = normalizeEvent(name);
if (isUndef(cur)) {
"development" !== 'production' && warn(
"Invalid handler for event \"" + (event.name) + "\": got " + String(cur),
vm
);
} else if (isUndef(old)) {
if (isUndef(cur.fns)) {
cur = on[name] = createFnInvoker(cur);
}
add(event.name, cur, event.once, event.capture, event.passive);
} else if (cur !== old) {
old.fns = cur;
on[name] = old;
}
}
for (name in oldOn) {
if (isUndef(on[name])) {
event = normalizeEvent(name);
remove$$1(event.name, oldOn[name], event.capture);
}
}
}
/* */
function mergeVNodeHook (def, hookKey, hook) {
var invoker;
var oldHook = def[hookKey];
function wrappedHook () {
hook.apply(this, arguments);
// important: remove merged hook to ensure it's called only once
// and prevent memory leak
remove(invoker.fns, wrappedHook);
}
if (isUndef(oldHook)) {
// no existing hook
invoker = createFnInvoker([wrappedHook]);
} else {
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (isDef(oldHook.fns) && isTrue(oldHook.merged)) {
// already a merged invoker
invoker = oldHook;
invoker.fns.push(wrappedHook);
} else {
// existing plain hook
invoker = createFnInvoker([oldHook, wrappedHook]);
}
}
invoker.merged = true;
def[hookKey] = invoker;
}
/* */
function extractPropsFromVNodeData (
data,
Ctor,
tag
) {
// we are only extracting raw values here.
// validation and default values are handled in the child
// component itself.
var propOptions = Ctor.options.props;
if (isUndef(propOptions)) {
return
}
var res = {};
var attrs = data.attrs;
var props = data.props;
if (isDef(attrs) || isDef(props)) {
for (var key in propOptions) {
var altKey = hyphenate(key);
if (true) {
var keyInLowerCase = key.toLowerCase();
if (
key !== keyInLowerCase &&
attrs && hasOwn(attrs, keyInLowerCase)
) {
tip(
"Prop \"" + keyInLowerCase + "\" is passed to component " +
(formatComponentName(tag || Ctor)) + ", but the declared prop name is" +
" \"" + key + "\". " +
"Note that HTML attributes are case-insensitive and camelCased " +
"props need to use their kebab-case equivalents when using in-DOM " +
"templates. You should probably use \"" + altKey + "\" instead of \"" + key + "\"."
);
}
}
checkProp(res, props, key, altKey, true) ||
checkProp(res, attrs, key, altKey, false);
}
}
return res
}
function checkProp (
res,
hash,
key,
altKey,
preserve
) {
if (isDef(hash)) {
if (hasOwn(hash, key)) {
res[key] = hash[key];
if (!preserve) {
delete hash[key];
}
return true
} else if (hasOwn(hash, altKey)) {
res[key] = hash[altKey];
if (!preserve) {
delete hash[altKey];
}
return true
}
}
return false
}
/* */
// The template compiler attempts to minimize the need for normalization by
// statically analyzing the template at compile time.
//
// For plain HTML markup, normalization can be completely skipped because the
// generated render function is guaranteed to return Array<VNode>. There are
// two cases where extra normalization is needed:
// 1. When the children contains components - because a functional component
// may return an Array instead of a single root. In this case, just a simple
// normalization is needed - if any child is an Array, we flatten the whole
// thing with Array.prototype.concat. It is guaranteed to be only 1-level deep
// because functional components already normalize their own children.
function simpleNormalizeChildren (children) {
for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
if (Array.isArray(children[i])) {
return Array.prototype.concat.apply([], children)
}
}
return children
}
// 2. When the children contains constructs that always generated nested Arrays,
// e.g. <template>, <slot>, v-for, or when the children is provided by user
// with hand-written render functions / JSX. In such cases a full normalization
// is needed to cater to all possible types of children values.
function normalizeChildren (children) {
return isPrimitive(children)
? [createTextVNode(children)]
: Array.isArray(children)
? normalizeArrayChildren(children)
: undefined
}
function isTextNode (node) {
return isDef(node) && isDef(node.text) && isFalse(node.isComment)
}
function normalizeArrayChildren (children, nestedIndex) {
var res = [];
var i, c, last;
for (i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
c = children[i];
if (isUndef(c) || typeof c === 'boolean') { continue }
last = res[res.length - 1];
// nested
if (Array.isArray(c)) {
res.push.apply(res, normalizeArrayChildren(c, ((nestedIndex || '') + "_" + i)));
} else if (isPrimitive(c)) {
if (isTextNode(last)) {
// merge adjacent text nodes
// this is necessary for SSR hydration because text nodes are
// essentially merged when rendered to HTML strings
(last).text += String(c);
} else if (c !== '') {
// convert primitive to vnode
res.push(createTextVNode(c));
}
} else {
if (isTextNode(c) && isTextNode(last)) {
// merge adjacent text nodes
res[res.length - 1] = createTextVNode(last.text + c.text);
} else {
// default key for nested array children (likely generated by v-for)
if (isTrue(children._isVList) &&
isDef(c.tag) &&
isUndef(c.key) &&
isDef(nestedIndex)) {
c.key = "__vlist" + nestedIndex + "_" + i + "__";
}
res.push(c);
}
}
}
return res
}
/* */
function ensureCtor (comp, base) {
if (comp.__esModule && comp.default) {
comp = comp.default;
}
return isObject(comp)
? base.extend(comp)
: comp
}
function createAsyncPlaceholder (
factory,
data,
context,
children,
tag
) {
var node = createEmptyVNode();
node.asyncFactory = factory;
node.asyncMeta = { data: data, context: context, children: children, tag: tag };
return node
}
function resolveAsyncComponent (
factory,
baseCtor,
context
) {
if (isTrue(factory.error) && isDef(factory.errorComp)) {
return factory.errorComp
}
if (isDef(factory.resolved)) {
return factory.resolved
}
if (isTrue(factory.loading) && isDef(factory.loadingComp)) {
return factory.loadingComp
}
if (isDef(factory.contexts)) {
// already pending
factory.contexts.push(context);
} else {
var contexts = factory.contexts = [context];
var sync = true;
var forceRender = function () {
for (var i = 0, l = contexts.length; i < l; i++) {
contexts[i].$forceUpdate();
}
};
var resolve = once(function (res) {
// cache resolved
factory.resolved = ensureCtor(res, baseCtor);
// invoke callbacks only if this is not a synchronous resolve
// (async resolves are shimmed as synchronous during SSR)
if (!sync) {
forceRender();
}
});
var reject = once(function (reason) {
"development" !== 'production' && warn(
"Failed to resolve async component: " + (String(factory)) +
(reason ? ("\nReason: " + reason) : '')
);
if (isDef(factory.errorComp)) {
factory.error = true;
forceRender();
}
});
var res = factory(resolve, reject);
if (isObject(res)) {
if (typeof res.then === 'function') {
// () => Promise
if (isUndef(factory.resolved)) {
res.then(resolve, reject);
}
} else if (isDef(res.component) && typeof res.component.then === 'function') {
res.component.then(resolve, reject);
if (isDef(res.error)) {
factory.errorComp = ensureCtor(res.error, baseCtor);
}
if (isDef(res.loading)) {
factory.loadingComp = ensureCtor(res.loading, baseCtor);
if (res.delay === 0) {
factory.loading = true;
} else {
setTimeout(function () {
if (isUndef(factory.resolved) && isUndef(factory.error)) {
factory.loading = true;
forceRender();
}
}, res.delay || 200);
}
}
if (isDef(res.timeout)) {
setTimeout(function () {
if (isUndef(factory.resolved)) {
reject(
true
? ("timeout (" + (res.timeout) + "ms)")
: null
);
}
}, res.timeout);
}
}
}
sync = false;
// return in case resolved synchronously
return factory.loading
? factory.loadingComp
: factory.resolved
}
}
/* */
function getFirstComponentChild (children) {
if (Array.isArray(children)) {
for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
var c = children[i];
if (isDef(c) && isDef(c.componentOptions)) {
return c
}
}
}
}
/* */
/* */
function initEvents (vm) {
vm._events = Object.create(null);
vm._hasHookEvent = false;
// init parent attached events
var listeners = vm.$options._parentListeners;
if (listeners) {
updateComponentListeners(vm, listeners);
}
}
var target;
function add (event, fn, once$$1) {
if (once$$1) {
target.$once(event, fn);
} else {
target.$on(event, fn);
}
}
function remove$1 (event, fn) {
target.$off(event, fn);
}
function updateComponentListeners (
vm,
listeners,
oldListeners
) {
target = vm;
updateListeners(listeners, oldListeners || {}, add, remove$1, vm);
}
function eventsMixin (Vue) {
var hookRE = /^hook:/;
Vue.prototype.$on = function (event, fn) {
var this$1 = this;
var vm = this;
if (Array.isArray(event)) {
for (var i = 0, l = event.length; i < l; i++) {
this$1.$on(event[i], fn);
}
} else {
(vm._events[event] || (vm._events[event] = [])).push(fn);
// optimize hook:event cost by using a boolean flag marked at registration
// instead of a hash lookup
if (hookRE.test(event)) {
vm._hasHookEvent = true;
}
}
return vm
};
Vue.prototype.$once = function (event, fn) {
var vm = this;
function on () {
vm.$off(event, on);
fn.apply(vm, arguments);
}
on.fn = fn;
vm.$on(event, on);
return vm
};
Vue.prototype.$off = function (event, fn) {
var this$1 = this;
var vm = this;
// all
if (!arguments.length) {
vm._events = Object.create(null);
return vm
}
// array of events
if (Array.isArray(event)) {
for (var i$1 = 0, l = event.length; i$1 < l; i$1++) {
this$1.$off(event[i$1], fn);
}
return vm
}
// specific event
var cbs = vm._events[event];
if (!cbs) {
return vm
}
if (arguments.length === 1) {
vm._events[event] = null;
return vm
}
// specific handler
var cb;
var i = cbs.length;
while (i--) {
cb = cbs[i];
if (cb === fn || cb.fn === fn) {
cbs.splice(i, 1);
break
}
}
return vm
};
Vue.prototype.$emit = function (event) {
var vm = this;
if (true) {
var lowerCaseEvent = event.toLowerCase();
if (lowerCaseEvent !== event && vm._events[lowerCaseEvent]) {
tip(
"Event \"" + lowerCaseEvent + "\" is emitted in component " +
(formatComponentName(vm)) + " but the handler is registered for \"" + event + "\". " +
"Note that HTML attributes are case-insensitive and you cannot use " +
"v-on to listen to camelCase events when using in-DOM templates. " +
"You should probably use \"" + (hyphenate(event)) + "\" instead of \"" + event + "\"."
);
}
}
var cbs = vm._events[event];
if (cbs) {
cbs = cbs.length > 1 ? toArray(cbs) : cbs;
var args = toArray(arguments, 1);
for (var i = 0, l = cbs.length; i < l; i++) {
try {
cbs[i].apply(vm, args);
} catch (e) {
handleError(e, vm, ("event handler for \"" + event + "\""));
}
}
}
return vm
};
}
/* */
/**
* Runtime helper for resolving raw children VNodes into a slot object.
*/
function resolveSlots (
children,
context
) {
var slots = {};
if (!children) {
return slots
}
var defaultSlot = [];
for (var i = 0, l = children.length; i < l; i++) {
var child = children[i];
// named slots should only be respected if the vnode was rendered in the
// same context.
if ((child.context === context || child.functionalContext === context) &&
child.data && child.data.slot != null
) {
var name = child.data.slot;
var slot = (slots[name] || (slots[name] = []));
if (child.tag === 'template') {
slot.push.apply(slot, child.children);
} else {
slot.push(child);
}
} else {
defaultSlot.push(child);
}
}
// ignore whitespace
if (!defaultSlot.every(isWhitespace)) {
slots.default = defaultSlot;
}
return slots
}
function isWhitespace (node) {
return node.isComment || node.text === ' '
}
function resolveScopedSlots (
fns, // see flow/vnode
res
) {
res = res || {};
for (var i = 0; i < fns.length; i++) {
if (Array.isArray(fns[i])) {
resolveScopedSlots(fns[i], res);
} else {
res[fns[i].key] = fns[i].fn;
}
}
return res
}
/* */
var activeInstance = null;
var isUpdatingChildComponent = false;
function initLifecycle (vm) {
var options = vm.$options;
// locate first non-abstract parent
var parent = options.parent;
if (parent && !options.abstract) {
while (parent.$options.abstract && parent.$parent) {
parent = parent.$parent;
}
parent.$children.push(vm);
}
vm.$parent = parent;
vm.$root = parent ? parent.$root : vm;
vm.$children = [];
vm.$refs = {};
vm._watcher = null;
vm._inactive = null;
vm._directInactive = false;
vm._isMounted = false;
vm._isDestroyed = false;
vm._isBeingDestroyed = false;
}
function lifecycleMixin (Vue) {
Vue.prototype._update = function (vnode, hydrating) {
var vm = this;
if (vm._isMounted) {
callHook(vm, 'beforeUpdate');
}
var prevEl = vm.$el;
var prevVnode = vm._vnode;
var prevActiveInstance = activeInstance;
activeInstance = vm;
vm._vnode = vnode;
// Vue.prototype.__patch__ is injected in entry points
// based on the rendering backend used.
if (!prevVnode) {
// initial render
vm.$el = vm.__patch__(
vm.$el, vnode, hydrating, false /* removeOnly */,
vm.$options._parentElm,
vm.$options._refElm
);
// no need for the ref nodes after initial patch
// this prevents keeping a detached DOM tree in memory (#5851)
vm.$options._parentElm = vm.$options._refElm = null;
} else {
// updates
vm.$el = vm.__patch__(prevVnode, vnode);
}
activeInstance = prevActiveInstance;
// update __vue__ reference
if (prevEl) {
prevEl.__vue__ = null;
}
if (vm.$el) {
vm.$el.__vue__ = vm;
}
// if parent is an HOC, update its $el as well
if (vm.$vnode && vm.$parent && vm.$vnode === vm.$parent._vnode) {
vm.$parent.$el = vm.$el;
}
// updated hook is called by the scheduler to ensure that children are
// updated in a parent's updated hook.
};
Vue.prototype.$forceUpdate = function () {
var vm = this;
if (vm._watcher) {
vm._watcher.update();
}
};
Vue.prototype.$destroy = function () {
var vm = this;
if (vm._isBeingDestroyed) {
return
}
callHook(vm, 'beforeDestroy');
vm._isBeingDestroyed = true;
// remove self from parent
var parent = vm.$parent;
if (parent && !parent._isBeingDestroyed && !vm.$options.abstract) {
remove(parent.$children, vm);
}
// teardown watchers
if (vm._watcher) {
vm._watcher.teardown();
}
var i = vm._watchers.length;
while (i--) {
vm._watchers[i].teardown();
}
// remove reference from data ob
// frozen object may not have observer.
if (vm._data.__ob__) {
vm._data.__ob__.vmCount--;
}
// call the last hook...
vm._isDestroyed = true;
// invoke destroy hooks on current rendered tree
vm.__patch__(vm._vnode, null);
// fire destroyed hook
callHook(vm, 'destroyed');
// turn off all instance listeners.
vm.$off();
// remove __vue__ reference
if (vm.$el) {
vm.$el.__vue__ = null;
}
};
}
function mountComponent (
vm,
el,
hydrating
) {
vm.$el = el;
if (!vm.$options.render) {
vm.$options.render = createEmptyVNode;
if (true) {
/* istanbul ignore if */
if ((vm.$options.template && vm.$options.template.charAt(0) !== '#') ||
vm.$options.el || el) {
warn(
'You are using the runtime-only build of Vue where the template ' +
'compiler is not available. Either pre-compile the templates into ' +
'render functions, or use the compiler-included build.',
vm
);
} else {
warn(
'Failed to mount component: template or render function not defined.',
vm
);
}
}
}
callHook(vm, 'beforeMount');
var updateComponent;
/* istanbul ignore if */
if ("development" !== 'production' && config.performance && mark) {
updateComponent = function () {
var name = vm._name;
var id = vm._uid;
var startTag = "vue-perf-start:" + id;
var endTag = "vue-perf-end:" + id;
mark(startTag);
var vnode = vm._render();
mark(endTag);
measure((name + " render"), startTag, endTag);
mark(startTag);
vm._update(vnode, hydrating);
mark(endTag);
measure((name + " patch"), startTag, endTag);
};
} else {
updateComponent = function () {
vm._update(vm._render(), hydrating);
};
}
vm._watcher = new Watcher(vm, updateComponent, noop);
hydrating = false;
// manually mounted instance, call mounted on self
// mounted is called for render-created child components in its inserted hook
if (vm.$vnode == null) {
vm._isMounted = true;
callHook(vm, 'mounted');
}
return vm
}
function updateChildComponent (
vm,
propsData,
listeners,
parentVnode,
renderChildren
) {
if (true) {
isUpdatingChildComponent = true;
}
// determine whether component has slot children
// we need to do this before overwriting $options._renderChildren
var hasChildren = !!(
renderChildren || // has new static slots
vm.$options._renderChildren || // has old static slots
parentVnode.data.scopedSlots || // has new scoped slots
vm.$scopedSlots !== emptyObject // has old scoped slots
);
vm.$options._parentVnode = parentVnode;
vm.$vnode = parentVnode; // update vm's placeholder node without re-render
if (vm._vnode) { // update child tree's parent
vm._vnode.parent = parentVnode;
}
vm.$options._renderChildren = renderChildren;
// update $attrs and $listensers hash
// these are also reactive so they may trigger child update if the child
// used them during render
vm.$attrs = parentVnode.data && parentVnode.data.attrs;
vm.$listeners = listeners;
// update props
if (propsData && vm.$options.props) {
observerState.shouldConvert = false;
var props = vm._props;
var propKeys = vm.$options._propKeys || [];
for (var i = 0; i < propKeys.length; i++) {
var key = propKeys[i];
props[key] = validateProp(key, vm.$options.props, propsData, vm);
}
observerState.shouldConvert = true;
// keep a copy of raw propsData
vm.$options.propsData = propsData;
}
// update listeners
if (listeners) {
var oldListeners = vm.$options._parentListeners;
vm.$options._parentListeners = listeners;
updateComponentListeners(vm, listeners, oldListeners);
}
// resolve slots + force update if has children
if (hasChildren) {
vm.$slots = resolveSlots(renderChildren, parentVnode.context);
vm.$forceUpdate();
}
if (true) {
isUpdatingChildComponent = false;
}
}
function isInInactiveTree (vm) {
while (vm && (vm = vm.$parent)) {
if (vm._inactive) { return true }
}
return false
}
function activateChildComponent (vm, direct) {
if (direct) {
vm._directInactive = false;
if (isInInactiveTree(vm)) {
return
}
} else if (vm._directInactive) {
return
}
if (vm._inactive || vm._inactive === null) {
vm._inactive = false;
for (var i = 0; i < vm.$children.length; i++) {
activateChildComponent(vm.$children[i]);
}
callHook(vm, 'activated');
}
}
function deactivateChildComponent (vm, direct) {
if (direct) {
vm._directInactive = true;
if (isInInactiveTree(vm)) {
return
}
}
if (!vm._inactive) {
vm._inactive = true;
for (var i = 0; i < vm.$children.length; i++) {
deactivateChildComponent(vm.$children[i]);
}
callHook(vm, 'deactivated');
}
}
function callHook (vm, hook) {
var handlers = vm.$options[hook];
if (handlers) {
for (var i = 0, j = handlers.length; i < j; i++) {
try {
handlers[i].call(vm);
} catch (e) {
handleError(e, vm, (hook + " hook"));
}
}
}
if (vm._hasHookEvent) {
vm.$emit('hook:' + hook);
}
}
/* */
var MAX_UPDATE_COUNT = 100;
var queue = [];
var activatedChildren = [];
var has = {};
var circular = {};
var waiting = false;
var flushing = false;
var index = 0;
/**
* Reset the scheduler's state.
*/
function resetSchedulerState () {
index = queue.length = activatedChildren.length = 0;
has = {};
if (true) {
circular = {};
}
waiting = flushing = false;
}
/**
* Flush both queues and run the watchers.
*/
function flushSchedulerQueue () {
flushing = true;
var watcher, id;
// Sort queue before flush.
// This ensures that:
// 1. Components are updated from parent to child. (because parent is always
// created before the child)
// 2. A component's user watchers are run before its render watcher (because
// user watchers are created before the render watcher)
// 3. If a component is destroyed during a parent component's watcher run,
// its watchers can be skipped.
queue.sort(function (a, b) { return a.id - b.id; });
// do not cache length because more watchers might be pushed
// as we run existing watchers
for (index = 0; index < queue.length; index++) {
watcher = queue[index];
id = watcher.id;
has[id] = null;
watcher.run();
// in dev build, check and stop circular updates.
if ("development" !== 'production' && has[id] != null) {
circular[id] = (circular[id] || 0) + 1;
if (circular[id] > MAX_UPDATE_COUNT) {
warn(
'You may have an infinite update loop ' + (
watcher.user
? ("in watcher with expression \"" + (watcher.expression) + "\"")
: "in a component render function."
),
watcher.vm
);
break
}
}
}
// keep copies of post queues before resetting state
var activatedQueue = activatedChildren.slice();
var updatedQueue = queue.slice();
resetSchedulerState();
// call component updated and activated hooks
callActivatedHooks(activatedQueue);
callUpdatedHooks(updatedQueue);
// devtool hook
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (devtools && config.devtools) {
devtools.emit('flush');
}
}
function callUpdatedHooks (queue) {
var i = queue.length;
while (i--) {
var watcher = queue[i];
var vm = watcher.vm;
if (vm._watcher === watcher && vm._isMounted) {
callHook(vm, 'updated');
}
}
}
/**
* Queue a kept-alive component that was activated during patch.
* The queue will be processed after the entire tree has been patched.
*/
function queueActivatedComponent (vm) {
// setting _inactive to false here so that a render function can
// rely on checking whether it's in an inactive tree (e.g. router-view)
vm._inactive = false;
activatedChildren.push(vm);
}
function callActivatedHooks (queue) {
for (var i = 0; i < queue.length; i++) {
queue[i]._inactive = true;
activateChildComponent(queue[i], true /* true */);
}
}
/**
* Push a watcher into the watcher queue.
* Jobs with duplicate IDs will be skipped unless it's
* pushed when the queue is being flushed.
*/
function queueWatcher (watcher) {
var id = watcher.id;
if (has[id] == null) {
has[id] = true;
if (!flushing) {
queue.push(watcher);
} else {
// if already flushing, splice the watcher based on its id
// if already past its id, it will be run next immediately.
var i = queue.length - 1;
while (i > index && queue[i].id > watcher.id) {
i--;
}
queue.splice(i + 1, 0, watcher);
}
// queue the flush
if (!waiting) {
waiting = true;
nextTick(flushSchedulerQueue);
}
}
}
/* */
var uid$2 = 0;
/**
* A watcher parses an expression, collects dependencies,
* and fires callback when the expression value changes.
* This is used for both the $watch() api and directives.
*/
var Watcher = function Watcher (
vm,
expOrFn,
cb,
options
) {
this.vm = vm;
vm._watchers.push(this);
// options
if (options) {
this.deep = !!options.deep;
this.user = !!options.user;
this.lazy = !!options.lazy;
this.sync = !!options.sync;
} else {
this.deep = this.user = this.lazy = this.sync = false;
}
this.cb = cb;
this.id = ++uid$2; // uid for batching
this.active = true;
this.dirty = this.lazy; // for lazy watchers
this.deps = [];
this.newDeps = [];
this.depIds = new _Set();
this.newDepIds = new _Set();
this.expression = true
? expOrFn.toString()
: '';
// parse expression for getter
if (typeof expOrFn === 'function') {
this.getter = expOrFn;
} else {
this.getter = parsePath(expOrFn);
if (!this.getter) {
this.getter = function () {};
"development" !== 'production' && warn(
"Failed watching path: \"" + expOrFn + "\" " +
'Watcher only accepts simple dot-delimited paths. ' +
'For full control, use a function instead.',
vm
);
}
}
this.value = this.lazy
? undefined
: this.get();
};
/**
* Evaluate the getter, and re-collect dependencies.
*/
Watcher.prototype.get = function get () {
pushTarget(this);
var value;
var vm = this.vm;
try {
value = this.getter.call(vm, vm);
} catch (e) {
if (this.user) {
handleError(e, vm, ("getter for watcher \"" + (this.expression) + "\""));
} else {
throw e
}
} finally {
// "touch" every property so they are all tracked as
// dependencies for deep watching
if (this.deep) {
traverse(value);
}
popTarget();
this.cleanupDeps();
}
return value
};
/**
* Add a dependency to this directive.
*/
Watcher.prototype.addDep = function addDep (dep) {
var id = dep.id;
if (!this.newDepIds.has(id)) {
this.newDepIds.add(id);
this.newDeps.push(dep);
if (!this.depIds.has(id)) {
dep.addSub(this);
}
}
};
/**
* Clean up for dependency collection.
*/
Watcher.prototype.cleanupDeps = function cleanupDeps () {
var this$1 = this;
var i = this.deps.length;
while (i--) {
var dep = this$1.deps[i];
if (!this$1.newDepIds.has(dep.id)) {
dep.removeSub(this$1);
}
}
var tmp = this.depIds;
this.depIds = this.newDepIds;
this.newDepIds = tmp;
this.newDepIds.clear();
tmp = this.deps;
this.deps = this.newDeps;
this.newDeps = tmp;
this.newDeps.length = 0;
};
/**
* Subscriber interface.
* Will be called when a dependency changes.
*/
Watcher.prototype.update = function update () {
/* istanbul ignore else */
if (this.lazy) {
this.dirty = true;
} else if (this.sync) {
this.run();
} else {
queueWatcher(this);
}
};
/**
* Scheduler job interface.
* Will be called by the scheduler.
*/
Watcher.prototype.run = function run () {
if (this.active) {
var value = this.get();
if (
value !== this.value ||
// Deep watchers and watchers on Object/Arrays should fire even
// when the value is the same, because the value may
// have mutated.
isObject(value) ||
this.deep
) {
// set new value
var oldValue = this.value;
this.value = value;
if (this.user) {
try {
this.cb.call(this.vm, value, oldValue);
} catch (e) {
handleError(e, this.vm, ("callback for watcher \"" + (this.expression) + "\""));
}
} else {
this.cb.call(this.vm, value, oldValue);
}
}
}
};
/**
* Evaluate the value of the watcher.
* This only gets called for lazy watchers.
*/
Watcher.prototype.evaluate = function evaluate () {
this.value = this.get();
this.dirty = false;
};
/**
* Depend on all deps collected by this watcher.
*/
Watcher.prototype.depend = function depend () {
var this$1 = this;
var i = this.deps.length;
while (i--) {
this$1.deps[i].depend();
}
};
/**
* Remove self from all dependencies' subscriber list.
*/
Watcher.prototype.teardown = function teardown () {
var this$1 = this;
if (this.active) {
// remove self from vm's watcher list
// this is a somewhat expensive operation so we skip it
// if the vm is being destroyed.
if (!this.vm._isBeingDestroyed) {
remove(this.vm._watchers, this);
}
var i = this.deps.length;
while (i--) {
this$1.deps[i].removeSub(this$1);
}
this.active = false;
}
};
/**
* Recursively traverse an object to evoke all converted
* getters, so that every nested property inside the object
* is collected as a "deep" dependency.
*/
var seenObjects = new _Set();
function traverse (val) {
seenObjects.clear();
_traverse(val, seenObjects);
}
function _traverse (val, seen) {
var i, keys;
var isA = Array.isArray(val);
if ((!isA && !isObject(val)) || !Object.isExtensible(val)) {
return
}
if (val.__ob__) {
var depId = val.__ob__.dep.id;
if (seen.has(depId)) {
return
}
seen.add(depId);
}
if (isA) {
i = val.length;
while (i--) { _traverse(val[i], seen); }
} else {
keys = Object.keys(val);
i = keys.length;
while (i--) { _traverse(val[keys[i]], seen); }
}
}
/* */
var sharedPropertyDefinition = {
enumerable: true,
configurable: true,
get: noop,
set: noop
};
function proxy (target, sourceKey, key) {
sharedPropertyDefinition.get = function proxyGetter () {
return this[sourceKey][key]
};
sharedPropertyDefinition.set = function proxySetter (val) {
this[sourceKey][key] = val;
};
Object.defineProperty(target, key, sharedPropertyDefinition);
}
function initState (vm) {
vm._watchers = [];
var opts = vm.$options;
if (opts.props) { initProps(vm, opts.props); }
if (opts.methods) { initMethods(vm, opts.methods); }
if (opts.data) {
initData(vm);
} else {
observe(vm._data = {}, true /* asRootData */);
}
if (opts.computed) { initComputed(vm, opts.computed); }
if (opts.watch && opts.watch !== nativeWatch) {
initWatch(vm, opts.watch);
}
}
function checkOptionType (vm, name) {
var option = vm.$options[name];
if (!isPlainObject(option)) {
warn(
("component option \"" + name + "\" should be an object."),
vm
);
}
}
function initProps (vm, propsOptions) {
var propsData = vm.$options.propsData || {};
var props = vm._props = {};
// cache prop keys so that future props updates can iterate using Array
// instead of dynamic object key enumeration.
var keys = vm.$options._propKeys = [];
var isRoot = !vm.$parent;
// root instance props should be converted
observerState.shouldConvert = isRoot;
var loop = function ( key ) {
keys.push(key);
var value = validateProp(key, propsOptions, propsData, vm);
/* istanbul ignore else */
if (true) {
if (isReservedAttribute(key) || config.isReservedAttr(key)) {
warn(
("\"" + key + "\" is a reserved attribute and cannot be used as component prop."),
vm
);
}
defineReactive$$1(props, key, value, function () {
if (vm.$parent && !isUpdatingChildComponent) {
warn(
"Avoid mutating a prop directly since the value will be " +
"overwritten whenever the parent component re-renders. " +
"Instead, use a data or computed property based on the prop's " +
"value. Prop being mutated: \"" + key + "\"",
vm
);
}
});
} else {
defineReactive$$1(props, key, value);
}
// static props are already proxied on the component's prototype
// during Vue.extend(). We only need to proxy props defined at
// instantiation here.
if (!(key in vm)) {
proxy(vm, "_props", key);
}
};
for (var key in propsOptions) loop( key );
observerState.shouldConvert = true;
}
function initData (vm) {
var data = vm.$options.data;
data = vm._data = typeof data === 'function'
? getData(data, vm)
: data || {};
if (!isPlainObject(data)) {
data = {};
"development" !== 'production' && warn(
'data functions should return an object:\n' +
'https://vuejs.org/v2/guide/components.html#data-Must-Be-a-Function',
vm
);
}
// proxy data on instance
var keys = Object.keys(data);
var props = vm.$options.props;
var methods = vm.$options.methods;
var i = keys.length;
while (i--) {
var key = keys[i];
if (true) {
if (methods && hasOwn(methods, key)) {
warn(
("method \"" + key + "\" has already been defined as a data property."),
vm
);
}
}
if (props && hasOwn(props, key)) {
"development" !== 'production' && warn(
"The data property \"" + key + "\" is already declared as a prop. " +
"Use prop default value instead.",
vm
);
} else if (!isReserved(key)) {
proxy(vm, "_data", key);
}
}
// observe data
observe(data, true /* asRootData */);
}
function getData (data, vm) {
try {
return data.call(vm)
} catch (e) {
handleError(e, vm, "data()");
return {}
}
}
var computedWatcherOptions = { lazy: true };
function initComputed (vm, computed) {
"development" !== 'production' && checkOptionType(vm, 'computed');
var watchers = vm._computedWatchers = Object.create(null);
for (var key in computed) {
var userDef = computed[key];
var getter = typeof userDef === 'function' ? userDef : userDef.get;
if ("development" !== 'production' && getter == null) {
warn(
("Getter is missing for computed property \"" + key + "\"."),
vm
);
}
// create internal watcher for the computed property.
watchers[key] = new Watcher(vm, getter || noop, noop, computedWatcherOptions);
// component-defined computed properties are already defined on the
// component prototype. We only need to define computed properties defined
// at instantiation here.
if (!(key in vm)) {
defineComputed(vm, key, userDef);
} else if (true) {
if (key in vm.$data) {
warn(("The computed property \"" + key + "\" is already defined in data."), vm);
} else if (vm.$options.props && key in vm.$options.props) {
warn(("The computed property \"" + key + "\" is already defined as a prop."), vm);
}
}
}
}
function defineComputed (target, key, userDef) {
if (typeof userDef === 'function') {
sharedPropertyDefinition.get = createComputedGetter(key);
sharedPropertyDefinition.set = noop;
} else {
sharedPropertyDefinition.get = userDef.get
? userDef.cache !== false
? createComputedGetter(key)
: userDef.get
: noop;
sharedPropertyDefinition.set = userDef.set
? userDef.set
: noop;
}
if ("development" !== 'production' &&
sharedPropertyDefinition.set === noop) {
sharedPropertyDefinition.set = function () {
warn(
("Computed property \"" + key + "\" was assigned to but it has no setter."),
this
);
};
}
Object.defineProperty(target, key, sharedPropertyDefinition);
}
function createComputedGetter (key) {
return function computedGetter () {
var watcher = this._computedWatchers && this._computedWatchers[key];
if (watcher) {
if (watcher.dirty) {
watcher.evaluate();
}
if (Dep.target) {
watcher.depend();
}
return watcher.value
}
}
}
function initMethods (vm, methods) {
"development" !== 'production' && checkOptionType(vm, 'methods');
var props = vm.$options.props;
for (var key in methods) {
vm[key] = methods[key] == null ? noop : bind(methods[key], vm);
if (true) {
if (methods[key] == null) {
warn(
"method \"" + key + "\" has an undefined value in the component definition. " +
"Did you reference the function correctly?",
vm
);
}
if (props && hasOwn(props, key)) {
warn(
("method \"" + key + "\" has already been defined as a prop."),
vm
);
}
}
}
}
function initWatch (vm, watch) {
"development" !== 'production' && checkOptionType(vm, 'watch');
for (var key in watch) {
var handler = watch[key];
if (Array.isArray(handler)) {
for (var i = 0; i < handler.length; i++) {
createWatcher(vm, key, handler[i]);
}
} else {
createWatcher(vm, key, handler);
}
}
}
function createWatcher (
vm,
keyOrFn,
handler,
options
) {
if (isPlainObject(handler)) {
options = handler;
handler = handler.handler;
}
if (typeof handler === 'string') {
handler = vm[handler];
}
return vm.$watch(keyOrFn, handler, options)
}
function stateMixin (Vue) {
// flow somehow has problems with directly declared definition object
// when using Object.defineProperty, so we have to procedurally build up
// the object here.
var dataDef = {};
dataDef.get = function () { return this._data };
var propsDef = {};
propsDef.get = function () { return this._props };
if (true) {
dataDef.set = function (newData) {
warn(
'Avoid replacing instance root $data. ' +
'Use nested data properties instead.',
this
);
};
propsDef.set = function () {
warn("$props is readonly.", this);
};
}
Object.defineProperty(Vue.prototype, '$data', dataDef);
Object.defineProperty(Vue.prototype, '$props', propsDef);
Vue.prototype.$set = set;
Vue.prototype.$delete = del;
Vue.prototype.$watch = function (
expOrFn,
cb,
options
) {
var vm = this;
if (isPlainObject(cb)) {
return createWatcher(vm, expOrFn, cb, options)
}
options = options || {};
options.user = true;
var watcher = new Watcher(vm, expOrFn, cb, options);
if (options.immediate) {
cb.call(vm, watcher.value);
}
return function unwatchFn () {
watcher.teardown();
}
};
}
/* */
function initProvide (vm) {
var provide = vm.$options.provide;
if (provide) {
vm._provided = typeof provide === 'function'
? provide.call(vm)
: provide;
}
}
function initInjections (vm) {
var result = resolveInject(vm.$options.inject, vm);
if (result) {
observerState.shouldConvert = false;
Object.keys(result).forEach(function (key) {
/* istanbul ignore else */
if (true) {
defineReactive$$1(vm, key, result[key], function () {
warn(
"Avoid mutating an injected value directly since the changes will be " +
"overwritten whenever the provided component re-renders. " +
"injection being mutated: \"" + key + "\"",
vm
);
});
} else {
defineReactive$$1(vm, key, result[key]);
}
});
observerState.shouldConvert = true;
}
}
function resolveInject (inject, vm) {
if (inject) {
// inject is :any because flow is not smart enough to figure out cached
var result = Object.create(null);
var keys = hasSymbol
? Reflect.ownKeys(inject)
: Object.keys(inject);
for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
var key = keys[i];
var provideKey = inject[key];
var source = vm;
while (source) {
if (source._provided && provideKey in source._provided) {
result[key] = source._provided[provideKey];
break
}
source = source.$parent;
}
if ("development" !== 'production' && !source) {
warn(("Injection \"" + key + "\" not found"), vm);
}
}
return result
}
}
/* */
function createFunctionalComponent (
Ctor,
propsData,
data,
context,
children
) {
var props = {};
var propOptions = Ctor.options.props;
if (isDef(propOptions)) {
for (var key in propOptions) {
props[key] = validateProp(key, propOptions, propsData || {});
}
} else {
if (isDef(data.attrs)) { mergeProps(props, data.attrs); }
if (isDef(data.props)) { mergeProps(props, data.props); }
}
// ensure the createElement function in functional components
// gets a unique context - this is necessary for correct named slot check
var _context = Object.create(context);
var h = function (a, b, c, d) { return createElement(_context, a, b, c, d, true); };
var vnode = Ctor.options.render.call(null, h, {
data: data,
props: props,
children: children,
parent: context,
listeners: data.on || {},
injections: resolveInject(Ctor.options.inject, context),
slots: function () { return resolveSlots(children, context); }
});
if (vnode instanceof VNode) {
vnode.functionalContext = context;
vnode.functionalOptions = Ctor.options;
if (data.slot) {
(vnode.data || (vnode.data = {})).slot = data.slot;
}
}
return vnode
}
function mergeProps (to, from) {
for (var key in from) {
to[camelize(key)] = from[key];
}
}
/* */
// hooks to be invoked on component VNodes during patch
var componentVNodeHooks = {
init: function init (
vnode,
hydrating,
parentElm,
refElm
) {
if (!vnode.componentInstance || vnode.componentInstance._isDestroyed) {
var child = vnode.componentInstance = createComponentInstanceForVnode(
vnode,
activeInstance,
parentElm,
refElm
);
child.$mount(hydrating ? vnode.elm : undefined, hydrating);
} else if (vnode.data.keepAlive) {
// kept-alive components, treat as a patch
var mountedNode = vnode; // work around flow
componentVNodeHooks.prepatch(mountedNode, mountedNode);
}
},
prepatch: function prepatch (oldVnode, vnode) {
var options = vnode.componentOptions;
var child = vnode.componentInstance = oldVnode.componentInstance;
updateChildComponent(
child,
options.propsData, // updated props
options.listeners, // updated listeners
vnode, // new parent vnode
options.children // new children
);
},
insert: function insert (vnode) {
var context = vnode.context;
var componentInstance = vnode.componentInstance;
if (!componentInstance._isMounted) {
componentInstance._isMounted = true;
callHook(componentInstance, 'mounted');
}
if (vnode.data.keepAlive) {
if (context._isMounted) {
// vue-router#1212
// During updates, a kept-alive component's child components may
// change, so directly walking the tree here may call activated hooks
// on incorrect children. Instead we push them into a queue which will
// be processed after the whole patch process ended.
queueActivatedComponent(componentInstance);
} else {
activateChildComponent(componentInstance, true /* direct */);
}
}
},
destroy: function destroy (vnode) {
var componentInstance = vnode.componentInstance;
if (!componentInstance._isDestroyed) {
if (!vnode.data.keepAlive) {
componentInstance.$destroy();
} else {
deactivateChildComponent(componentInstance, true /* direct */);
}
}
}
};
var hooksToMerge = Object.keys(componentVNodeHooks);
function createComponent (
Ctor,
data,
context,
children,
tag
) {
if (isUndef(Ctor)) {
return
}
var baseCtor = context.$options._base;
// plain options object: turn it into a constructor
if (isObject(Ctor)) {
Ctor = baseCtor.extend(Ctor);
}
// if at this stage it's not a constructor or an async component factory,
// reject.
if (typeof Ctor !== 'function') {
if (true) {
warn(("Invalid Component definition: " + (String(Ctor))), context);
}
return
}
// async component
var asyncFactory;
if (isUndef(Ctor.cid)) {
asyncFactory = Ctor;
Ctor = resolveAsyncComponent(asyncFactory, baseCtor, context);
if (Ctor === undefined) {
// return a placeholder node for async component, which is rendered
// as a comment node but preserves all the raw information for the node.
// the information will be used for async server-rendering and hydration.
return createAsyncPlaceholder(
asyncFactory,
data,
context,
children,
tag
)
}
}
data = data || {};
// resolve constructor options in case global mixins are applied after
// component constructor creation
resolveConstructorOptions(Ctor);
// transform component v-model data into props & events
if (isDef(data.model)) {
transformModel(Ctor.options, data);
}
// extract props
var propsData = extractPropsFromVNodeData(data, Ctor, tag);
// functional component
if (isTrue(Ctor.options.functional)) {
return createFunctionalComponent(Ctor, propsData, data, context, children)
}
// extract listeners, since these needs to be treated as
// child component listeners instead of DOM listeners
var listeners = data.on;
// replace with listeners with .native modifier
// so it gets processed during parent component patch.
data.on = data.nativeOn;
if (isTrue(Ctor.options.abstract)) {
// abstract components do not keep anything
// other than props & listeners & slot
// work around flow
var slot = data.slot;
data = {};
if (slot) {
data.slot = slot;
}
}
// merge component management hooks onto the placeholder node
mergeHooks(data);
// return a placeholder vnode
var name = Ctor.options.name || tag;
var vnode = new VNode(
("vue-component-" + (Ctor.cid) + (name ? ("-" + name) : '')),
data, undefined, undefined, undefined, context,
{ Ctor: Ctor, propsData: propsData, listeners: listeners, tag: tag, children: children },
asyncFactory
);
return vnode
}
function createComponentInstanceForVnode (
vnode, // we know it's MountedComponentVNode but flow doesn't
parent, // activeInstance in lifecycle state
parentElm,
refElm
) {
var vnodeComponentOptions = vnode.componentOptions;
var options = {
_isComponent: true,
parent: parent,
propsData: vnodeComponentOptions.propsData,
_componentTag: vnodeComponentOptions.tag,
_parentVnode: vnode,
_parentListeners: vnodeComponentOptions.listeners,
_renderChildren: vnodeComponentOptions.children,
_parentElm: parentElm || null,
_refElm: refElm || null
};
// check inline-template render functions
var inlineTemplate = vnode.data.inlineTemplate;
if (isDef(inlineTemplate)) {
options.render = inlineTemplate.render;
options.staticRenderFns = inlineTemplate.staticRenderFns;
}
return new vnodeComponentOptions.Ctor(options)
}
function mergeHooks (data) {
if (!data.hook) {
data.hook = {};
}
for (var i = 0; i < hooksToMerge.length; i++) {
var key = hooksToMerge[i];
var fromParent = data.hook[key];
var ours = componentVNodeHooks[key];
data.hook[key] = fromParent ? mergeHook$1(ours, fromParent) : ours;
}
}
function mergeHook$1 (one, two) {
return function (a, b, c, d) {
one(a, b, c, d);
two(a, b, c, d);
}
}
// transform component v-model info (value and callback) into
// prop and event handler respectively.
function transformModel (options, data) {
var prop = (options.model && options.model.prop) || 'value';
var event = (options.model && options.model.event) || 'input';(data.props || (data.props = {}))[prop] = data.model.value;
var on = data.on || (data.on = {});
if (isDef(on[event])) {
on[event] = [data.model.callback].concat(on[event]);
} else {
on[event] = data.model.callback;
}
}
/* */
var SIMPLE_NORMALIZE = 1;
var ALWAYS_NORMALIZE = 2;
// wrapper function for providing a more flexible interface
// without getting yelled at by flow
function createElement (
context,
tag,
data,
children,
normalizationType,
alwaysNormalize
) {
if (Array.isArray(data) || isPrimitive(data)) {
normalizationType = children;
children = data;
data = undefined;
}
if (isTrue(alwaysNormalize)) {
normalizationType = ALWAYS_NORMALIZE;
}
return _createElement(context, tag, data, children, normalizationType)
}
function _createElement (
context,
tag,
data,
children,
normalizationType
) {
if (isDef(data) && isDef((data).__ob__)) {
"development" !== 'production' && warn(
"Avoid using observed data object as vnode data: " + (JSON.stringify(data)) + "\n" +
'Always create fresh vnode data objects in each render!',
context
);
return createEmptyVNode()
}
// object syntax in v-bind
if (isDef(data) && isDef(data.is)) {
tag = data.is;
}
if (!tag) {
// in case of component :is set to falsy value
return createEmptyVNode()
}
// warn against non-primitive key
if ("development" !== 'production' &&
isDef(data) && isDef(data.key) && !isPrimitive(data.key)
) {
warn(
'Avoid using non-primitive value as key, ' +
'use string/number value instead.',
context
);
}
// support single function children as default scoped slot
if (Array.isArray(children) &&
typeof children[0] === 'function'
) {
data = data || {};
data.scopedSlots = { default: children[0] };
children.length = 0;
}
if (normalizationType === ALWAYS_NORMALIZE) {
children = normalizeChildren(children);
} else if (normalizationType === SIMPLE_NORMALIZE) {
children = simpleNormalizeChildren(children);
}
var vnode, ns;
if (typeof tag === 'string') {
var Ctor;
ns = config.getTagNamespace(tag);
if (config.isReservedTag(tag)) {
// platform built-in elements
vnode = new VNode(
config.parsePlatformTagName(tag), data, children,
undefined, undefined, context
);
} else if (isDef(Ctor = resolveAsset(context.$options, 'components', tag))) {
// component
vnode = createComponent(Ctor, data, context, children, tag);
} else {
// unknown or unlisted namespaced elements
// check at runtime because it may get assigned a namespace when its
// parent normalizes children
vnode = new VNode(
tag, data, children,
undefined, undefined, context
);
}
} else {
// direct component options / constructor
vnode = createComponent(tag, data, context, children);
}
if (isDef(vnode)) {
if (ns) { applyNS(vnode, ns); }
return vnode
} else {
return createEmptyVNode()
}
}
function applyNS (vnode, ns) {
vnode.ns = ns;
if (vnode.tag === 'foreignObject') {
// use default namespace inside foreignObject
return
}
if (isDef(vnode.children)) {
for (var i = 0, l = vnode.children.length; i < l; i++) {
var child = vnode.children[i];
if (isDef(child.tag) && isUndef(child.ns)) {
applyNS(child, ns);
}
}
}
}
/* */
/**
* Runtime helper for rendering v-for lists.
*/
function renderList (
val,
render
) {
var ret, i, l, keys, key;
if (Array.isArray(val) || typeof val === 'string') {
ret = new Array(val.length);
for (i = 0, l = val.length; i < l; i++) {
ret[i] = render(val[i], i);
}
} else if (typeof val === 'number') {
ret = new Array(val);
for (i = 0; i < val; i++) {
ret[i] = render(i + 1, i);
}
} else if (isObject(val)) {
keys = Object.keys(val);
ret = new Array(keys.length);
for (i = 0, l = keys.length; i < l; i++) {
key = keys[i];
ret[i] = render(val[key], key, i);
}
}
if (isDef(ret)) {
(ret)._isVList = true;
}
return ret
}
/* */
/**
* Runtime helper for rendering <slot>
*/
function renderSlot (
name,
fallback,
props,
bindObject
) {
var scopedSlotFn = this.$scopedSlots[name];
if (scopedSlotFn) { // scoped slot
props = props || {};
if (bindObject) {
props = extend(extend({}, bindObject), props);
}
return scopedSlotFn(props) || fallback
} else {
var slotNodes = this.$slots[name];
// warn duplicate slot usage
if (slotNodes && "development" !== 'production') {
slotNodes._rendered && warn(
"Duplicate presence of slot \"" + name + "\" found in the same render tree " +
"- this will likely cause render errors.",
this
);
slotNodes._rendered = true;
}
return slotNodes || fallback
}
}
/* */
/**
* Runtime helper for resolving filters
*/
function resolveFilter (id) {
return resolveAsset(this.$options, 'filters', id, true) || identity
}
/* */
/**
* Runtime helper for checking keyCodes from config.
*/
function checkKeyCodes (
eventKeyCode,
key,
builtInAlias
) {
var keyCodes = config.keyCodes[key] || builtInAlias;
if (Array.isArray(keyCodes)) {
return keyCodes.indexOf(eventKeyCode) === -1
} else {
return keyCodes !== eventKeyCode
}
}
/* */
/**
* Runtime helper for merging v-bind="object" into a VNode's data.
*/
function bindObjectProps (
data,
tag,
value,
asProp,
isSync
) {
if (value) {
if (!isObject(value)) {
"development" !== 'production' && warn(
'v-bind without argument expects an Object or Array value',
this
);
} else {
if (Array.isArray(value)) {
value = toObject(value);
}
var hash;
var loop = function ( key ) {
if (
key === 'class' ||
key === 'style' ||
isReservedAttribute(key)
) {
hash = data;
} else {
var type = data.attrs && data.attrs.type;
hash = asProp || config.mustUseProp(tag, type, key)
? data.domProps || (data.domProps = {})
: data.attrs || (data.attrs = {});
}
if (!(key in hash)) {
hash[key] = value[key];
if (isSync) {
var on = data.on || (data.on = {});
on[("update:" + key)] = function ($event) {
value[key] = $event;
};
}
}
};
for (var key in value) loop( key );
}
}
return data
}
/* */
/**
* Runtime helper for rendering static trees.
*/
function renderStatic (
index,
isInFor
) {
var tree = this._staticTrees[index];
// if has already-rendered static tree and not inside v-for,
// we can reuse the same tree by doing a shallow clone.
if (tree && !isInFor) {
return Array.isArray(tree)
? cloneVNodes(tree)
: cloneVNode(tree)
}
// otherwise, render a fresh tree.
tree = this._staticTrees[index] =
this.$options.staticRenderFns[index].call(this._renderProxy);
markStatic(tree, ("__static__" + index), false);
return tree
}
/**
* Runtime helper for v-once.
* Effectively it means marking the node as static with a unique key.
*/
function markOnce (
tree,
index,
key
) {
markStatic(tree, ("__once__" + index + (key ? ("_" + key) : "")), true);
return tree
}
function markStatic (
tree,
key,
isOnce
) {
if (Array.isArray(tree)) {
for (var i = 0; i < tree.length; i++) {
if (tree[i] && typeof tree[i] !== 'string') {
markStaticNode(tree[i], (key + "_" + i), isOnce);
}
}
} else {
markStaticNode(tree, key, isOnce);
}
}
function markStaticNode (node, key, isOnce) {
node.isStatic = true;
node.key = key;
node.isOnce = isOnce;
}
/* */
function bindObjectListeners (data, value) {
if (value) {
if (!isPlainObject(value)) {
"development" !== 'production' && warn(
'v-on without argument expects an Object value',
this
);
} else {
var on = data.on = data.on ? extend({}, data.on) : {};
for (var key in value) {
var existing = on[key];
var ours = value[key];
on[key] = existing ? [].concat(ours, existing) : ours;
}
}
}
return data
}
/* */
function initRender (vm) {
vm._vnode = null; // the root of the child tree
vm._staticTrees = null;
var parentVnode = vm.$vnode = vm.$options._parentVnode; // the placeholder node in parent tree
var renderContext = parentVnode && parentVnode.context;
vm.$slots = resolveSlots(vm.$options._renderChildren, renderContext);
vm.$scopedSlots = emptyObject;
// bind the createElement fn to this instance
// so that we get proper render context inside it.
// args order: tag, data, children, normalizationType, alwaysNormalize
// internal version is used by render functions compiled from templates
vm._c = function (a, b, c, d) { return createElement(vm, a, b, c, d, false); };
// normalization is always applied for the public version, used in
// user-written render functions.
vm.$createElement = function (a, b, c, d) { return createElement(vm, a, b, c, d, true); };
// $attrs & $listeners are exposed for easier HOC creation.
// they need to be reactive so that HOCs using them are always updated
var parentData = parentVnode && parentVnode.data;
/* istanbul ignore else */
if (true) {
defineReactive$$1(vm, '$attrs', parentData && parentData.attrs, function () {
!isUpdatingChildComponent && warn("$attrs is readonly.", vm);
}, true);
defineReactive$$1(vm, '$listeners', vm.$options._parentListeners, function () {
!isUpdatingChildComponent && warn("$listeners is readonly.", vm);
}, true);
} else {
defineReactive$$1(vm, '$attrs', parentData && parentData.attrs, null, true);
defineReactive$$1(vm, '$listeners', vm.$options._parentListeners, null, true);
}
}
function renderMixin (Vue) {
Vue.prototype.$nextTick = function (fn) {
return nextTick(fn, this)
};
Vue.prototype._render = function () {
var vm = this;
var ref = vm.$options;
var render = ref.render;
var staticRenderFns = ref.staticRenderFns;
var _parentVnode = ref._parentVnode;
if (vm._isMounted) {
// clone slot nodes on re-renders
for (var key in vm.$slots) {
vm.$slots[key] = cloneVNodes(vm.$slots[key]);
}
}
vm.$scopedSlots = (_parentVnode && _parentVnode.data.scopedSlots) || emptyObject;
if (staticRenderFns && !vm._staticTrees) {
vm._staticTrees = [];
}
// set parent vnode. this allows render functions to have access
// to the data on the placeholder node.
vm.$vnode = _parentVnode;
// render self
var vnode;
try {
vnode = render.call(vm._renderProxy, vm.$createElement);
} catch (e) {
handleError(e, vm, "render function");
// return error render result,
// or previous vnode to prevent render error causing blank component
/* istanbul ignore else */
if (true) {
vnode = vm.$options.renderError
? vm.$options.renderError.call(vm._renderProxy, vm.$createElement, e)
: vm._vnode;
} else {
vnode = vm._vnode;
}
}
// return empty vnode in case the render function errored out
if (!(vnode instanceof VNode)) {
if ("development" !== 'production' && Array.isArray(vnode)) {
warn(
'Multiple root nodes returned from render function. Render function ' +
'should return a single root node.',
vm
);
}
vnode = createEmptyVNode();
}
// set parent
vnode.parent = _parentVnode;
return vnode
};
// internal render helpers.
// these are exposed on the instance prototype to reduce generated render
// code size.
Vue.prototype._o = markOnce;
Vue.prototype._n = toNumber;
Vue.prototype._s = toString;
Vue.prototype._l = renderList;
Vue.prototype._t = renderSlot;
Vue.prototype._q = looseEqual;
Vue.prototype._i = looseIndexOf;
Vue.prototype._m = renderStatic;
Vue.prototype._f = resolveFilter;
Vue.prototype._k = checkKeyCodes;
Vue.prototype._b = bindObjectProps;
Vue.prototype._v = createTextVNode;
Vue.prototype._e = createEmptyVNode;
Vue.prototype._u = resolveScopedSlots;
Vue.prototype._g = bindObjectListeners;
}
/* */
var uid$1 = 0;
function initMixin (Vue) {
Vue.prototype._init = function (options) {
var vm = this;
// a uid
vm._uid = uid$1++;
var startTag, endTag;
/* istanbul ignore if */
if ("development" !== 'production' && config.performance && mark) {
startTag = "vue-perf-init:" + (vm._uid);
endTag = "vue-perf-end:" + (vm._uid);
mark(startTag);
}
// a flag to avoid this being observed
vm._isVue = true;
// merge options
if (options && options._isComponent) {
// optimize internal component instantiation
// since dynamic options merging is pretty slow, and none of the
// internal component options needs special treatment.
initInternalComponent(vm, options);
} else {
vm.$options = mergeOptions(
resolveConstructorOptions(vm.constructor),
options || {},
vm
);
}
/* istanbul ignore else */
if (true) {
initProxy(vm);
} else {
vm._renderProxy = vm;
}
// expose real self
vm._self = vm;
initLifecycle(vm);
initEvents(vm);
initRender(vm);
callHook(vm, 'beforeCreate');
initInjections(vm); // resolve injections before data/props
initState(vm);
initProvide(vm); // resolve provide after data/props
callHook(vm, 'created');
/* istanbul ignore if */
if ("development" !== 'production' && config.performance && mark) {
vm._name = formatComponentName(vm, false);
mark(endTag);
measure(((vm._name) + " init"), startTag, endTag);
}
if (vm.$options.el) {
vm.$mount(vm.$options.el);
}
};
}
function initInternalComponent (vm, options) {
var opts = vm.$options = Object.create(vm.constructor.options);
// doing this because it's faster than dynamic enumeration.
opts.parent = options.parent;
opts.propsData = options.propsData;
opts._parentVnode = options._parentVnode;
opts._parentListeners = options._parentListeners;
opts._renderChildren = options._renderChildren;
opts._componentTag = options._componentTag;
opts._parentElm = options._parentElm;
opts._refElm = options._refElm;
if (options.render) {
opts.render = options.render;
opts.staticRenderFns = options.staticRenderFns;
}
}
function resolveConstructorOptions (Ctor) {
var options = Ctor.options;
if (Ctor.super) {
var superOptions = resolveConstructorOptions(Ctor.super);
var cachedSuperOptions = Ctor.superOptions;
if (superOptions !== cachedSuperOptions) {
// super option changed,
// need to resolve new options.
Ctor.superOptions = superOptions;
// check if there are any late-modified/attached options (#4976)
var modifiedOptions = resolveModifiedOptions(Ctor);
// update base extend options
if (modifiedOptions) {
extend(Ctor.extendOptions, modifiedOptions);
}
options = Ctor.options = mergeOptions(superOptions, Ctor.extendOptions);
if (options.name) {
options.components[options.name] = Ctor;
}
}
}
return options
}
function resolveModifiedOptions (Ctor) {
var modified;
var latest = Ctor.options;
var extended = Ctor.extendOptions;
var sealed = Ctor.sealedOptions;
for (var key in latest) {
if (latest[key] !== sealed[key]) {
if (!modified) { modified = {}; }
modified[key] = dedupe(latest[key], extended[key], sealed[key]);
}
}
return modified
}
function dedupe (latest, extended, sealed) {
// compare latest and sealed to ensure lifecycle hooks won't be duplicated
// between merges
if (Array.isArray(latest)) {
var res = [];
sealed = Array.isArray(sealed) ? sealed : [sealed];
extended = Array.isArray(extended) ? extended : [extended];
for (var i = 0; i < latest.length; i++) {
// push original options and not sealed options to exclude duplicated options
if (extended.indexOf(latest[i]) >= 0 || sealed.indexOf(latest[i]) < 0) {
res.push(latest[i]);
}
}
return res
} else {
return latest
}
}
function Vue$3 (options) {
if ("development" !== 'production' &&
!(this instanceof Vue$3)
) {
warn('Vue is a constructor and should be called with the `new` keyword');
}
this._init(options);
}
initMixin(Vue$3);
stateMixin(Vue$3);
eventsMixin(Vue$3);
lifecycleMixin(Vue$3);
renderMixin(Vue$3);
/* */
function initUse (Vue) {
Vue.use = function (plugin) {
var installedPlugins = (this._installedPlugins || (this._installedPlugins = []));
if (installedPlugins.indexOf(plugin) > -1) {
return this
}
// additional parameters
var args = toArray(arguments, 1);
args.unshift(this);
if (typeof plugin.install === 'function') {
plugin.install.apply(plugin, args);
} else if (typeof plugin === 'function') {
plugin.apply(null, args);
}
installedPlugins.push(plugin);
return this
};
}
/* */
function initMixin$1 (Vue) {
Vue.mixin = function (mixin) {
this.options = mergeOptions(this.options, mixin);
return this
};
}
/* */
function initExtend (Vue) {
/**
* Each instance constructor, including Vue, has a unique
* cid. This enables us to create wrapped "child
* constructors" for prototypal inheritance and cache them.
*/
Vue.cid = 0;
var cid = 1;
/**
* Class inheritance
*/
Vue.extend = function (extendOptions) {
extendOptions = extendOptions || {};
var Super = this;
var SuperId = Super.cid;
var cachedCtors = extendOptions._Ctor || (extendOptions._Ctor = {});
if (cachedCtors[SuperId]) {
return cachedCtors[SuperId]
}
var name = extendOptions.name || Super.options.name;
if (true) {
if (!/^[a-zA-Z][\w-]*$/.test(name)) {
warn(
'Invalid component name: "' + name + '". Component names ' +
'can only contain alphanumeric characters and the hyphen, ' +
'and must start with a letter.'
);
}
}
var Sub = function VueComponent (options) {
this._init(options);
};
Sub.prototype = Object.create(Super.prototype);
Sub.prototype.constructor = Sub;
Sub.cid = cid++;
Sub.options = mergeOptions(
Super.options,
extendOptions
);
Sub['super'] = Super;
// For props and computed properties, we define the proxy getters on
// the Vue instances at extension time, on the extended prototype. This
// avoids Object.defineProperty calls for each instance created.
if (Sub.options.props) {
initProps$1(Sub);
}
if (Sub.options.computed) {
initComputed$1(Sub);
}
// allow further extension/mixin/plugin usage
Sub.extend = Super.extend;
Sub.mixin = Super.mixin;
Sub.use = Super.use;
// create asset registers, so extended classes
// can have their private assets too.
ASSET_TYPES.forEach(function (type) {
Sub[type] = Super[type];
});
// enable recursive self-lookup
if (name) {
Sub.options.components[name] = Sub;
}
// keep a reference to the super options at extension time.
// later at instantiation we can check if Super's options have
// been updated.
Sub.superOptions = Super.options;
Sub.extendOptions = extendOptions;
Sub.sealedOptions = extend({}, Sub.options);
// cache constructor
cachedCtors[SuperId] = Sub;
return Sub
};
}
function initProps$1 (Comp) {
var props = Comp.options.props;
for (var key in props) {
proxy(Comp.prototype, "_props", key);
}
}
function initComputed$1 (Comp) {
var computed = Comp.options.computed;
for (var key in computed) {
defineComputed(Comp.prototype, key, computed[key]);
}
}
/* */
function initAssetRegisters (Vue) {
/**
* Create asset registration methods.
*/
ASSET_TYPES.forEach(function (type) {
Vue[type] = function (
id,
definition
) {
if (!definition) {
return this.options[type + 's'][id]
} else {
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (true) {
if (type === 'component' && config.isReservedTag(id)) {
warn(
'Do not use built-in or reserved HTML elements as component ' +
'id: ' + id
);
}
}
if (type === 'component' && isPlainObject(definition)) {
definition.name = definition.name || id;
definition = this.options._base.extend(definition);
}
if (type === 'directive' && typeof definition === 'function') {
definition = { bind: definition, update: definition };
}
this.options[type + 's'][id] = definition;
return definition
}
};
});
}
/* */
var patternTypes = [String, RegExp, Array];
function getComponentName (opts) {
return opts && (opts.Ctor.options.name || opts.tag)
}
function matches (pattern, name) {
if (Array.isArray(pattern)) {
return pattern.indexOf(name) > -1
} else if (typeof pattern === 'string') {
return pattern.split(',').indexOf(name) > -1
} else if (isRegExp(pattern)) {
return pattern.test(name)
}
/* istanbul ignore next */
return false
}
function pruneCache (cache, current, filter) {
for (var key in cache) {
var cachedNode = cache[key];
if (cachedNode) {
var name = getComponentName(cachedNode.componentOptions);
if (name && !filter(name)) {
if (cachedNode !== current) {
pruneCacheEntry(cachedNode);
}
cache[key] = null;
}
}
}
}
function pruneCacheEntry (vnode) {
if (vnode) {
vnode.componentInstance.$destroy();
}
}
var KeepAlive = {
name: 'keep-alive',
abstract: true,
props: {
include: patternTypes,
exclude: patternTypes
},
created: function created () {
this.cache = Object.create(null);
},
destroyed: function destroyed () {
var this$1 = this;
for (var key in this$1.cache) {
pruneCacheEntry(this$1.cache[key]);
}
},
watch: {
include: function include (val) {
pruneCache(this.cache, this._vnode, function (name) { return matches(val, name); });
},
exclude: function exclude (val) {
pruneCache(this.cache, this._vnode, function (name) { return !matches(val, name); });
}
},
render: function render () {
var vnode = getFirstComponentChild(this.$slots.default);
var componentOptions = vnode && vnode.componentOptions;
if (componentOptions) {
// check pattern
var name = getComponentName(componentOptions);
if (name && (
(this.include && !matches(this.include, name)) ||
(this.exclude && matches(this.exclude, name))
)) {
return vnode
}
var key = vnode.key == null
// same constructor may get registered as different local components
// so cid alone is not enough (#3269)
? componentOptions.Ctor.cid + (componentOptions.tag ? ("::" + (componentOptions.tag)) : '')
: vnode.key;
if (this.cache[key]) {
vnode.componentInstance = this.cache[key].componentInstance;
} else {
this.cache[key] = vnode;
}
vnode.data.keepAlive = true;
}
return vnode
}
};
var builtInComponents = {
KeepAlive: KeepAlive
};
/* */
function initGlobalAPI (Vue) {
// config
var configDef = {};
configDef.get = function () { return config; };
if (true) {
configDef.set = function () {
warn(
'Do not replace the Vue.config object, set individual fields instead.'
);
};
}
Object.defineProperty(Vue, 'config', configDef);
// exposed util methods.
// NOTE: these are not considered part of the public API - avoid relying on
// them unless you are aware of the risk.
Vue.util = {
warn: warn,
extend: extend,
mergeOptions: mergeOptions,
defineReactive: defineReactive$$1
};
Vue.set = set;
Vue.delete = del;
Vue.nextTick = nextTick;
Vue.options = Object.create(null);
ASSET_TYPES.forEach(function (type) {
Vue.options[type + 's'] = Object.create(null);
});
// this is used to identify the "base" constructor to extend all plain-object
// components with in Weex's multi-instance scenarios.
Vue.options._base = Vue;
extend(Vue.options.components, builtInComponents);
initUse(Vue);
initMixin$1(Vue);
initExtend(Vue);
initAssetRegisters(Vue);
}
initGlobalAPI(Vue$3);
Object.defineProperty(Vue$3.prototype, '$isServer', {
get: isServerRendering
});
Object.defineProperty(Vue$3.prototype, '$ssrContext', {
get: function get () {
/* istanbul ignore next */
return this.$vnode && this.$vnode.ssrContext
}
});
Vue$3.version = '2.4.2';
/* */
// these are reserved for web because they are directly compiled away
// during template compilation
var isReservedAttr = makeMap('style,class');
// attributes that should be using props for binding
var acceptValue = makeMap('input,textarea,option,select');
var mustUseProp = function (tag, type, attr) {
return (
(attr === 'value' && acceptValue(tag)) && type !== 'button' ||
(attr === 'selected' && tag === 'option') ||
(attr === 'checked' && tag === 'input') ||
(attr === 'muted' && tag === 'video')
)
};
var isEnumeratedAttr = makeMap('contenteditable,draggable,spellcheck');
var isBooleanAttr = makeMap(
'allowfullscreen,async,autofocus,autoplay,checked,compact,controls,declare,' +
'default,defaultchecked,defaultmuted,defaultselected,defer,disabled,' +
'enabled,formnovalidate,hidden,indeterminate,inert,ismap,itemscope,loop,multiple,' +
'muted,nohref,noresize,noshade,novalidate,nowrap,open,pauseonexit,readonly,' +
'required,reversed,scoped,seamless,selected,sortable,translate,' +
'truespeed,typemustmatch,visible'
);
var xlinkNS = 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink';
var isXlink = function (name) {
return name.charAt(5) === ':' && name.slice(0, 5) === 'xlink'
};
var getXlinkProp = function (name) {
return isXlink(name) ? name.slice(6, name.length) : ''
};
var isFalsyAttrValue = function (val) {
return val == null || val === false
};
/* */
function genClassForVnode (vnode) {
var data = vnode.data;
var parentNode = vnode;
var childNode = vnode;
while (isDef(childNode.componentInstance)) {
childNode = childNode.componentInstance._vnode;
if (childNode.data) {
data = mergeClassData(childNode.data, data);
}
}
while (isDef(parentNode = parentNode.parent)) {
if (parentNode.data) {
data = mergeClassData(data, parentNode.data);
}
}
return renderClass(data.staticClass, data.class)
}
function mergeClassData (child, parent) {
return {
staticClass: concat(child.staticClass, parent.staticClass),
class: isDef(child.class)
? [child.class, parent.class]
: parent.class
}
}
function renderClass (
staticClass,
dynamicClass
) {
if (isDef(staticClass) || isDef(dynamicClass)) {
return concat(staticClass, stringifyClass(dynamicClass))
}
/* istanbul ignore next */
return ''
}
function concat (a, b) {
return a ? b ? (a + ' ' + b) : a : (b || '')
}
function stringifyClass (value) {
if (Array.isArray(value)) {
return stringifyArray(value)
}
if (isObject(value)) {
return stringifyObject(value)
}
if (typeof value === 'string') {
return value
}
/* istanbul ignore next */
return ''
}
function stringifyArray (value) {
var res = '';
var stringified;
for (var i = 0, l = value.length; i < l; i++) {
if (isDef(stringified = stringifyClass(value[i])) && stringified !== '') {
if (res) { res += ' '; }
res += stringified;
}
}
return res
}
function stringifyObject (value) {
var res = '';
for (var key in value) {
if (value[key]) {
if (res) { res += ' '; }
res += key;
}
}
return res
}
/* */
var namespaceMap = {
svg: 'http://www.w3.org/2000/svg',
math: 'http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML'
};
var isHTMLTag = makeMap(
'html,body,base,head,link,meta,style,title,' +
'address,article,aside,footer,header,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,hgroup,nav,section,' +
'div,dd,dl,dt,figcaption,figure,picture,hr,img,li,main,ol,p,pre,ul,' +
'a,b,abbr,bdi,bdo,br,cite,code,data,dfn,em,i,kbd,mark,q,rp,rt,rtc,ruby,' +
's,samp,small,span,strong,sub,sup,time,u,var,wbr,area,audio,map,track,video,' +
'embed,object,param,source,canvas,script,noscript,del,ins,' +
'caption,col,colgroup,table,thead,tbody,td,th,tr,' +
'button,datalist,fieldset,form,input,label,legend,meter,optgroup,option,' +
'output,progress,select,textarea,' +
'details,dialog,menu,menuitem,summary,' +
'content,element,shadow,template,blockquote,iframe,tfoot'
);
// this map is intentionally selective, only covering SVG elements that may
// contain child elements.
var isSVG = makeMap(
'svg,animate,circle,clippath,cursor,defs,desc,ellipse,filter,font-face,' +
'foreignObject,g,glyph,image,line,marker,mask,missing-glyph,path,pattern,' +
'polygon,polyline,rect,switch,symbol,text,textpath,tspan,use,view',
true
);
var isPreTag = function (tag) { return tag === 'pre'; };
var isReservedTag = function (tag) {
return isHTMLTag(tag) || isSVG(tag)
};
function getTagNamespace (tag) {
if (isSVG(tag)) {
return 'svg'
}
// basic support for MathML
// note it doesn't support other MathML elements being component roots
if (tag === 'math') {
return 'math'
}
}
var unknownElementCache = Object.create(null);
function isUnknownElement (tag) {
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (!inBrowser) {
return true
}
if (isReservedTag(tag)) {
return false
}
tag = tag.toLowerCase();
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (unknownElementCache[tag] != null) {
return unknownElementCache[tag]
}
var el = document.createElement(tag);
if (tag.indexOf('-') > -1) {
// http://stackoverflow.com/a/28210364/1070244
return (unknownElementCache[tag] = (
el.constructor === window.HTMLUnknownElement ||
el.constructor === window.HTMLElement
))
} else {
return (unknownElementCache[tag] = /HTMLUnknownElement/.test(el.toString()))
}
}
/* */
/**
* Query an element selector if it's not an element already.
*/
function query (el) {
if (typeof el === 'string') {
var selected = document.querySelector(el);
if (!selected) {
"development" !== 'production' && warn(
'Cannot find element: ' + el
);
return document.createElement('div')
}
return selected
} else {
return el
}
}
/* */
function createElement$1 (tagName, vnode) {
var elm = document.createElement(tagName);
if (tagName !== 'select') {
return elm
}
// false or null will remove the attribute but undefined will not
if (vnode.data && vnode.data.attrs && vnode.data.attrs.multiple !== undefined) {
elm.setAttribute('multiple', 'multiple');
}
return elm
}
function createElementNS (namespace, tagName) {
return document.createElementNS(namespaceMap[namespace], tagName)
}
function createTextNode (text) {
return document.createTextNode(text)
}
function createComment (text) {
return document.createComment(text)
}
function insertBefore (parentNode, newNode, referenceNode) {
parentNode.insertBefore(newNode, referenceNode);
}
function removeChild (node, child) {
node.removeChild(child);
}
function appendChild (node, child) {
node.appendChild(child);
}
function parentNode (node) {
return node.parentNode
}
function nextSibling (node) {
return node.nextSibling
}
function tagName (node) {
return node.tagName
}
function setTextContent (node, text) {
node.textContent = text;
}
function setAttribute (node, key, val) {
node.setAttribute(key, val);
}
var nodeOps = Object.freeze({
createElement: createElement$1,
createElementNS: createElementNS,
createTextNode: createTextNode,
createComment: createComment,
insertBefore: insertBefore,
removeChild: removeChild,
appendChild: appendChild,
parentNode: parentNode,
nextSibling: nextSibling,
tagName: tagName,
setTextContent: setTextContent,
setAttribute: setAttribute
});
/* */
var ref = {
create: function create (_, vnode) {
registerRef(vnode);
},
update: function update (oldVnode, vnode) {
if (oldVnode.data.ref !== vnode.data.ref) {
registerRef(oldVnode, true);
registerRef(vnode);
}
},
destroy: function destroy (vnode) {
registerRef(vnode, true);
}
};
function registerRef (vnode, isRemoval) {
var key = vnode.data.ref;
if (!key) { return }
var vm = vnode.context;
var ref = vnode.componentInstance || vnode.elm;
var refs = vm.$refs;
if (isRemoval) {
if (Array.isArray(refs[key])) {
remove(refs[key], ref);
} else if (refs[key] === ref) {
refs[key] = undefined;
}
} else {
if (vnode.data.refInFor) {
if (!Array.isArray(refs[key])) {
refs[key] = [ref];
} else if (refs[key].indexOf(ref) < 0) {
// $flow-disable-line
refs[key].push(ref);
}
} else {
refs[key] = ref;
}
}
}
/**
* Virtual DOM patching algorithm based on Snabbdom by
* Simon Friis Vindum (@paldepind)
* Licensed under the MIT License
* https://github.com/paldepind/snabbdom/blob/master/LICENSE
*
* modified by Evan You (@yyx990803)
*
/*
* Not type-checking this because this file is perf-critical and the cost
* of making flow understand it is not worth it.
*/
var emptyNode = new VNode('', {}, []);
var hooks = ['create', 'activate', 'update', 'remove', 'destroy'];
function sameVnode (a, b) {
return (
a.key === b.key && (
(
a.tag === b.tag &&
a.isComment === b.isComment &&
isDef(a.data) === isDef(b.data) &&
sameInputType(a, b)
) || (
isTrue(a.isAsyncPlaceholder) &&
a.asyncFactory === b.asyncFactory &&
isUndef(b.asyncFactory.error)
)
)
)
}
// Some browsers do not support dynamically changing type for <input>
// so they need to be treated as different nodes
function sameInputType (a, b) {
if (a.tag !== 'input') { return true }
var i;
var typeA = isDef(i = a.data) && isDef(i = i.attrs) && i.type;
var typeB = isDef(i = b.data) && isDef(i = i.attrs) && i.type;
return typeA === typeB
}
function createKeyToOldIdx (children, beginIdx, endIdx) {
var i, key;
var map = {};
for (i = beginIdx; i <= endIdx; ++i) {
key = children[i].key;
if (isDef(key)) { map[key] = i; }
}
return map
}
function createPatchFunction (backend) {
var i, j;
var cbs = {};
var modules = backend.modules;
var nodeOps = backend.nodeOps;
for (i = 0; i < hooks.length; ++i) {
cbs[hooks[i]] = [];
for (j = 0; j < modules.length; ++j) {
if (isDef(modules[j][hooks[i]])) {
cbs[hooks[i]].push(modules[j][hooks[i]]);
}
}
}
function emptyNodeAt (elm) {
return new VNode(nodeOps.tagName(elm).toLowerCase(), {}, [], undefined, elm)
}
function createRmCb (childElm, listeners) {
function remove$$1 () {
if (--remove$$1.listeners === 0) {
removeNode(childElm);
}
}
remove$$1.listeners = listeners;
return remove$$1
}
function removeNode (el) {
var parent = nodeOps.parentNode(el);
// element may have already been removed due to v-html / v-text
if (isDef(parent)) {
nodeOps.removeChild(parent, el);
}
}
var inPre = 0;
function createElm (vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, parentElm, refElm, nested) {
vnode.isRootInsert = !nested; // for transition enter check
if (createComponent(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, parentElm, refElm)) {
return
}
var data = vnode.data;
var children = vnode.children;
var tag = vnode.tag;
if (isDef(tag)) {
if (true) {
if (data && data.pre) {
inPre++;
}
if (
!inPre &&
!vnode.ns &&
!(config.ignoredElements.length && config.ignoredElements.indexOf(tag) > -1) &&
config.isUnknownElement(tag)
) {
warn(
'Unknown custom element: <' + tag + '> - did you ' +
'register the component correctly? For recursive components, ' +
'make sure to provide the "name" option.',
vnode.context
);
}
}
vnode.elm = vnode.ns
? nodeOps.createElementNS(vnode.ns, tag)
: nodeOps.createElement(tag, vnode);
setScope(vnode);
/* istanbul ignore if */
{
createChildren(vnode, children, insertedVnodeQueue);
if (isDef(data)) {
invokeCreateHooks(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue);
}
insert(parentElm, vnode.elm, refElm);
}
if ("development" !== 'production' && data && data.pre) {
inPre--;
}
} else if (isTrue(vnode.isComment)) {
vnode.elm = nodeOps.createComment(vnode.text);
insert(parentElm, vnode.elm, refElm);
} else {
vnode.elm = nodeOps.createTextNode(vnode.text);
insert(parentElm, vnode.elm, refElm);
}
}
function createComponent (vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, parentElm, refElm) {
var i = vnode.data;
if (isDef(i)) {
var isReactivated = isDef(vnode.componentInstance) && i.keepAlive;
if (isDef(i = i.hook) && isDef(i = i.init)) {
i(vnode, false /* hydrating */, parentElm, refElm);
}
// after calling the init hook, if the vnode is a child component
// it should've created a child instance and mounted it. the child
// component also has set the placeholder vnode's elm.
// in that case we can just return the element and be done.
if (isDef(vnode.componentInstance)) {
initComponent(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue);
if (isTrue(isReactivated)) {
reactivateComponent(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, parentElm, refElm);
}
return true
}
}
}
function initComponent (vnode, insertedVnodeQueue) {
if (isDef(vnode.data.pendingInsert)) {
insertedVnodeQueue.push.apply(insertedVnodeQueue, vnode.data.pendingInsert);
vnode.data.pendingInsert = null;
}
vnode.elm = vnode.componentInstance.$el;
if (isPatchable(vnode)) {
invokeCreateHooks(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue);
setScope(vnode);
} else {
// empty component root.
// skip all element-related modules except for ref (#3455)
registerRef(vnode);
// make sure to invoke the insert hook
insertedVnodeQueue.push(vnode);
}
}
function reactivateComponent (vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, parentElm, refElm) {
var i;
// hack for #4339: a reactivated component with inner transition
// does not trigger because the inner node's created hooks are not called
// again. It's not ideal to involve module-specific logic in here but
// there doesn't seem to be a better way to do it.
var innerNode = vnode;
while (innerNode.componentInstance) {
innerNode = innerNode.componentInstance._vnode;
if (isDef(i = innerNode.data) && isDef(i = i.transition)) {
for (i = 0; i < cbs.activate.length; ++i) {
cbs.activate[i](emptyNode, innerNode);
}
insertedVnodeQueue.push(innerNode);
break
}
}
// unlike a newly created component,
// a reactivated keep-alive component doesn't insert itself
insert(parentElm, vnode.elm, refElm);
}
function insert (parent, elm, ref$$1) {
if (isDef(parent)) {
if (isDef(ref$$1)) {
if (ref$$1.parentNode === parent) {
nodeOps.insertBefore(parent, elm, ref$$1);
}
} else {
nodeOps.appendChild(parent, elm);
}
}
}
function createChildren (vnode, children, insertedVnodeQueue) {
if (Array.isArray(children)) {
for (var i = 0; i < children.length; ++i) {
createElm(children[i], insertedVnodeQueue, vnode.elm, null, true);
}
} else if (isPrimitive(vnode.text)) {
nodeOps.appendChild(vnode.elm, nodeOps.createTextNode(vnode.text));
}
}
function isPatchable (vnode) {
while (vnode.componentInstance) {
vnode = vnode.componentInstance._vnode;
}
return isDef(vnode.tag)
}
function invokeCreateHooks (vnode, insertedVnodeQueue) {
for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < cbs.create.length; ++i$1) {
cbs.create[i$1](emptyNode, vnode);
}
i = vnode.data.hook; // Reuse variable
if (isDef(i)) {
if (isDef(i.create)) { i.create(emptyNode, vnode); }
if (isDef(i.insert)) { insertedVnodeQueue.push(vnode); }
}
}
// set scope id attribute for scoped CSS.
// this is implemented as a special case to avoid the overhead
// of going through the normal attribute patching process.
function setScope (vnode) {
var i;
var ancestor = vnode;
while (ancestor) {
if (isDef(i = ancestor.context) && isDef(i = i.$options._scopeId)) {
nodeOps.setAttribute(vnode.elm, i, '');
}
ancestor = ancestor.parent;
}
// for slot content they should also get the scopeId from the host instance.
if (isDef(i = activeInstance) &&
i !== vnode.context &&
isDef(i = i.$options._scopeId)
) {
nodeOps.setAttribute(vnode.elm, i, '');
}
}
function addVnodes (parentElm, refElm, vnodes, startIdx, endIdx, insertedVnodeQueue) {
for (; startIdx <= endIdx; ++startIdx) {
createElm(vnodes[startIdx], insertedVnodeQueue, parentElm, refElm);
}
}
function invokeDestroyHook (vnode) {
var i, j;
var data = vnode.data;
if (isDef(data)) {
if (isDef(i = data.hook) && isDef(i = i.destroy)) { i(vnode); }
for (i = 0; i < cbs.destroy.length; ++i) { cbs.destroy[i](vnode); }
}
if (isDef(i = vnode.children)) {
for (j = 0; j < vnode.children.length; ++j) {
invokeDestroyHook(vnode.children[j]);
}
}
}
function removeVnodes (parentElm, vnodes, startIdx, endIdx) {
for (; startIdx <= endIdx; ++startIdx) {
var ch = vnodes[startIdx];
if (isDef(ch)) {
if (isDef(ch.tag)) {
removeAndInvokeRemoveHook(ch);
invokeDestroyHook(ch);
} else { // Text node
removeNode(ch.elm);
}
}
}
}
function removeAndInvokeRemoveHook (vnode, rm) {
if (isDef(rm) || isDef(vnode.data)) {
var i;
var listeners = cbs.remove.length + 1;
if (isDef(rm)) {
// we have a recursively passed down rm callback
// increase the listeners count
rm.listeners += listeners;
} else {
// directly removing
rm = createRmCb(vnode.elm, listeners);
}
// recursively invoke hooks on child component root node
if (isDef(i = vnode.componentInstance) && isDef(i = i._vnode) && isDef(i.data)) {
removeAndInvokeRemoveHook(i, rm);
}
for (i = 0; i < cbs.remove.length; ++i) {
cbs.remove[i](vnode, rm);
}
if (isDef(i = vnode.data.hook) && isDef(i = i.remove)) {
i(vnode, rm);
} else {
rm();
}
} else {
removeNode(vnode.elm);
}
}
function updateChildren (parentElm, oldCh, newCh, insertedVnodeQueue, removeOnly) {
var oldStartIdx = 0;
var newStartIdx = 0;
var oldEndIdx = oldCh.length - 1;
var oldStartVnode = oldCh[0];
var oldEndVnode = oldCh[oldEndIdx];
var newEndIdx = newCh.length - 1;
var newStartVnode = newCh[0];
var newEndVnode = newCh[newEndIdx];
var oldKeyToIdx, idxInOld, elmToMove, refElm;
// removeOnly is a special flag used only by <transition-group>
// to ensure removed elements stay in correct relative positions
// during leaving transitions
var canMove = !removeOnly;
while (oldStartIdx <= oldEndIdx && newStartIdx <= newEndIdx) {
if (isUndef(oldStartVnode)) {
oldStartVnode = oldCh[++oldStartIdx]; // Vnode has been moved left
} else if (isUndef(oldEndVnode)) {
oldEndVnode = oldCh[--oldEndIdx];
} else if (sameVnode(oldStartVnode, newStartVnode)) {
patchVnode(oldStartVnode, newStartVnode, insertedVnodeQueue);
oldStartVnode = oldCh[++oldStartIdx];
newStartVnode = newCh[++newStartIdx];
} else if (sameVnode(oldEndVnode, newEndVnode)) {
patchVnode(oldEndVnode, newEndVnode, insertedVnodeQueue);
oldEndVnode = oldCh[--oldEndIdx];
newEndVnode = newCh[--newEndIdx];
} else if (sameVnode(oldStartVnode, newEndVnode)) { // Vnode moved right
patchVnode(oldStartVnode, newEndVnode, insertedVnodeQueue);
canMove && nodeOps.insertBefore(parentElm, oldStartVnode.elm, nodeOps.nextSibling(oldEndVnode.elm));
oldStartVnode = oldCh[++oldStartIdx];
newEndVnode = newCh[--newEndIdx];
} else if (sameVnode(oldEndVnode, newStartVnode)) { // Vnode moved left
patchVnode(oldEndVnode, newStartVnode, insertedVnodeQueue);
canMove && nodeOps.insertBefore(parentElm, oldEndVnode.elm, oldStartVnode.elm);
oldEndVnode = oldCh[--oldEndIdx];
newStartVnode = newCh[++newStartIdx];
} else {
if (isUndef(oldKeyToIdx)) { oldKeyToIdx = createKeyToOldIdx(oldCh, oldStartIdx, oldEndIdx); }
idxInOld = isDef(newStartVnode.key) ? oldKeyToIdx[newStartVnode.key] : null;
if (isUndef(idxInOld)) { // New element
createElm(newStartVnode, insertedVnodeQueue, parentElm, oldStartVnode.elm);
newStartVnode = newCh[++newStartIdx];
} else {
elmToMove = oldCh[idxInOld];
/* istanbul ignore if */
if ("development" !== 'production' && !elmToMove) {
warn(
'It seems there are duplicate keys that is causing an update error. ' +
'Make sure each v-for item has a unique key.'
);
}
if (sameVnode(elmToMove, newStartVnode)) {
patchVnode(elmToMove, newStartVnode, insertedVnodeQueue);
oldCh[idxInOld] = undefined;
canMove && nodeOps.insertBefore(parentElm, elmToMove.elm, oldStartVnode.elm);
newStartVnode = newCh[++newStartIdx];
} else {
// same key but different element. treat as new element
createElm(newStartVnode, insertedVnodeQueue, parentElm, oldStartVnode.elm);
newStartVnode = newCh[++newStartIdx];
}
}
}
}
if (oldStartIdx > oldEndIdx) {
refElm = isUndef(newCh[newEndIdx + 1]) ? null : newCh[newEndIdx + 1].elm;
addVnodes(parentElm, refElm, newCh, newStartIdx, newEndIdx, insertedVnodeQueue);
} else if (newStartIdx > newEndIdx) {
removeVnodes(parentElm, oldCh, oldStartIdx, oldEndIdx);
}
}
function patchVnode (oldVnode, vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, removeOnly) {
if (oldVnode === vnode) {
return
}
var elm = vnode.elm = oldVnode.elm;
if (isTrue(oldVnode.isAsyncPlaceholder)) {
if (isDef(vnode.asyncFactory.resolved)) {
hydrate(oldVnode.elm, vnode, insertedVnodeQueue);
} else {
vnode.isAsyncPlaceholder = true;
}
return
}
// reuse element for static trees.
// note we only do this if the vnode is cloned -
// if the new node is not cloned it means the render functions have been
// reset by the hot-reload-api and we need to do a proper re-render.
if (isTrue(vnode.isStatic) &&
isTrue(oldVnode.isStatic) &&
vnode.key === oldVnode.key &&
(isTrue(vnode.isCloned) || isTrue(vnode.isOnce))
) {
vnode.componentInstance = oldVnode.componentInstance;
return
}
var i;
var data = vnode.data;
if (isDef(data) && isDef(i = data.hook) && isDef(i = i.prepatch)) {
i(oldVnode, vnode);
}
var oldCh = oldVnode.children;
var ch = vnode.children;
if (isDef(data) && isPatchable(vnode)) {
for (i = 0; i < cbs.update.length; ++i) { cbs.update[i](oldVnode, vnode); }
if (isDef(i = data.hook) && isDef(i = i.update)) { i(oldVnode, vnode); }
}
if (isUndef(vnode.text)) {
if (isDef(oldCh) && isDef(ch)) {
if (oldCh !== ch) { updateChildren(elm, oldCh, ch, insertedVnodeQueue, removeOnly); }
} else if (isDef(ch)) {
if (isDef(oldVnode.text)) { nodeOps.setTextContent(elm, ''); }
addVnodes(elm, null, ch, 0, ch.length - 1, insertedVnodeQueue);
} else if (isDef(oldCh)) {
removeVnodes(elm, oldCh, 0, oldCh.length - 1);
} else if (isDef(oldVnode.text)) {
nodeOps.setTextContent(elm, '');
}
} else if (oldVnode.text !== vnode.text) {
nodeOps.setTextContent(elm, vnode.text);
}
if (isDef(data)) {
if (isDef(i = data.hook) && isDef(i = i.postpatch)) { i(oldVnode, vnode); }
}
}
function invokeInsertHook (vnode, queue, initial) {
// delay insert hooks for component root nodes, invoke them after the
// element is really inserted
if (isTrue(initial) && isDef(vnode.parent)) {
vnode.parent.data.pendingInsert = queue;
} else {
for (var i = 0; i < queue.length; ++i) {
queue[i].data.hook.insert(queue[i]);
}
}
}
var bailed = false;
// list of modules that can skip create hook during hydration because they
// are already rendered on the client or has no need for initialization
var isRenderedModule = makeMap('attrs,style,class,staticClass,staticStyle,key');
// Note: this is a browser-only function so we can assume elms are DOM nodes.
function hydrate (elm, vnode, insertedVnodeQueue) {
if (isTrue(vnode.isComment) && isDef(vnode.asyncFactory)) {
vnode.elm = elm;
vnode.isAsyncPlaceholder = true;
return true
}
if (true) {
if (!assertNodeMatch(elm, vnode)) {
return false
}
}
vnode.elm = elm;
var tag = vnode.tag;
var data = vnode.data;
var children = vnode.children;
if (isDef(data)) {
if (isDef(i = data.hook) && isDef(i = i.init)) { i(vnode, true /* hydrating */); }
if (isDef(i = vnode.componentInstance)) {
// child component. it should have hydrated its own tree.
initComponent(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue);
return true
}
}
if (isDef(tag)) {
if (isDef(children)) {
// empty element, allow client to pick up and populate children
if (!elm.hasChildNodes()) {
createChildren(vnode, children, insertedVnodeQueue);
} else {
var childrenMatch = true;
var childNode = elm.firstChild;
for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < children.length; i$1++) {
if (!childNode || !hydrate(childNode, children[i$1], insertedVnodeQueue)) {
childrenMatch = false;
break
}
childNode = childNode.nextSibling;
}
// if childNode is not null, it means the actual childNodes list is
// longer than the virtual children list.
if (!childrenMatch || childNode) {
if ("development" !== 'production' &&
typeof console !== 'undefined' &&
!bailed
) {
bailed = true;
console.warn('Parent: ', elm);
console.warn('Mismatching childNodes vs. VNodes: ', elm.childNodes, children);
}
return false
}
}
}
if (isDef(data)) {
for (var key in data) {
if (!isRenderedModule(key)) {
invokeCreateHooks(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue);
break
}
}
}
} else if (elm.data !== vnode.text) {
elm.data = vnode.text;
}
return true
}
function assertNodeMatch (node, vnode) {
if (isDef(vnode.tag)) {
return (
vnode.tag.indexOf('vue-component') === 0 ||
vnode.tag.toLowerCase() === (node.tagName && node.tagName.toLowerCase())
)
} else {
return node.nodeType === (vnode.isComment ? 8 : 3)
}
}
return function patch (oldVnode, vnode, hydrating, removeOnly, parentElm, refElm) {
if (isUndef(vnode)) {
if (isDef(oldVnode)) { invokeDestroyHook(oldVnode); }
return
}
var isInitialPatch = false;
var insertedVnodeQueue = [];
if (isUndef(oldVnode)) {
// empty mount (likely as component), create new root element
isInitialPatch = true;
createElm(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, parentElm, refElm);
} else {
var isRealElement = isDef(oldVnode.nodeType);
if (!isRealElement && sameVnode(oldVnode, vnode)) {
// patch existing root node
patchVnode(oldVnode, vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, removeOnly);
} else {
if (isRealElement) {
// mounting to a real element
// check if this is server-rendered content and if we can perform
// a successful hydration.
if (oldVnode.nodeType === 1 && oldVnode.hasAttribute(SSR_ATTR)) {
oldVnode.removeAttribute(SSR_ATTR);
hydrating = true;
}
if (isTrue(hydrating)) {
if (hydrate(oldVnode, vnode, insertedVnodeQueue)) {
invokeInsertHook(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, true);
return oldVnode
} else if (true) {
warn(
'The client-side rendered virtual DOM tree is not matching ' +
'server-rendered content. This is likely caused by incorrect ' +
'HTML markup, for example nesting block-level elements inside ' +
'<p>, or missing <tbody>. Bailing hydration and performing ' +
'full client-side render.'
);
}
}
// either not server-rendered, or hydration failed.
// create an empty node and replace it
oldVnode = emptyNodeAt(oldVnode);
}
// replacing existing element
var oldElm = oldVnode.elm;
var parentElm$1 = nodeOps.parentNode(oldElm);
createElm(
vnode,
insertedVnodeQueue,
// extremely rare edge case: do not insert if old element is in a
// leaving transition. Only happens when combining transition +
// keep-alive + HOCs. (#4590)
oldElm._leaveCb ? null : parentElm$1,
nodeOps.nextSibling(oldElm)
);
if (isDef(vnode.parent)) {
// component root element replaced.
// update parent placeholder node element, recursively
var ancestor = vnode.parent;
while (ancestor) {
ancestor.elm = vnode.elm;
ancestor = ancestor.parent;
}
if (isPatchable(vnode)) {
for (var i = 0; i < cbs.create.length; ++i) {
cbs.create[i](emptyNode, vnode.parent);
}
}
}
if (isDef(parentElm$1)) {
removeVnodes(parentElm$1, [oldVnode], 0, 0);
} else if (isDef(oldVnode.tag)) {
invokeDestroyHook(oldVnode);
}
}
}
invokeInsertHook(vnode, insertedVnodeQueue, isInitialPatch);
return vnode.elm
}
}
/* */
var directives = {
create: updateDirectives,
update: updateDirectives,
destroy: function unbindDirectives (vnode) {
updateDirectives(vnode, emptyNode);
}
};
function updateDirectives (oldVnode, vnode) {
if (oldVnode.data.directives || vnode.data.directives) {
_update(oldVnode, vnode);
}
}
function _update (oldVnode, vnode) {
var isCreate = oldVnode === emptyNode;
var isDestroy = vnode === emptyNode;
var oldDirs = normalizeDirectives$1(oldVnode.data.directives, oldVnode.context);
var newDirs = normalizeDirectives$1(vnode.data.directives, vnode.context);
var dirsWithInsert = [];
var dirsWithPostpatch = [];
var key, oldDir, dir;
for (key in newDirs) {
oldDir = oldDirs[key];
dir = newDirs[key];
if (!oldDir) {
// new directive, bind
callHook$1(dir, 'bind', vnode, oldVnode);
if (dir.def && dir.def.inserted) {
dirsWithInsert.push(dir);
}
} else {
// existing directive, update
dir.oldValue = oldDir.value;
callHook$1(dir, 'update', vnode, oldVnode);
if (dir.def && dir.def.componentUpdated) {
dirsWithPostpatch.push(dir);
}
}
}
if (dirsWithInsert.length) {
var callInsert = function () {
for (var i = 0; i < dirsWithInsert.length; i++) {
callHook$1(dirsWithInsert[i], 'inserted', vnode, oldVnode);
}
};
if (isCreate) {
mergeVNodeHook(vnode.data.hook || (vnode.data.hook = {}), 'insert', callInsert);
} else {
callInsert();
}
}
if (dirsWithPostpatch.length) {
mergeVNodeHook(vnode.data.hook || (vnode.data.hook = {}), 'postpatch', function () {
for (var i = 0; i < dirsWithPostpatch.length; i++) {
callHook$1(dirsWithPostpatch[i], 'componentUpdated', vnode, oldVnode);
}
});
}
if (!isCreate) {
for (key in oldDirs) {
if (!newDirs[key]) {
// no longer present, unbind
callHook$1(oldDirs[key], 'unbind', oldVnode, oldVnode, isDestroy);
}
}
}
}
var emptyModifiers = Object.create(null);
function normalizeDirectives$1 (
dirs,
vm
) {
var res = Object.create(null);
if (!dirs) {
return res
}
var i, dir;
for (i = 0; i < dirs.length; i++) {
dir = dirs[i];
if (!dir.modifiers) {
dir.modifiers = emptyModifiers;
}
res[getRawDirName(dir)] = dir;
dir.def = resolveAsset(vm.$options, 'directives', dir.name, true);
}
return res
}
function getRawDirName (dir) {
return dir.rawName || ((dir.name) + "." + (Object.keys(dir.modifiers || {}).join('.')))
}
function callHook$1 (dir, hook, vnode, oldVnode, isDestroy) {
var fn = dir.def && dir.def[hook];
if (fn) {
try {
fn(vnode.elm, dir, vnode, oldVnode, isDestroy);
} catch (e) {
handleError(e, vnode.context, ("directive " + (dir.name) + " " + hook + " hook"));
}
}
}
var baseModules = [
ref,
directives
];
/* */
function updateAttrs (oldVnode, vnode) {
var opts = vnode.componentOptions;
if (isDef(opts) && opts.Ctor.options.inheritAttrs === false) {
return
}
if (isUndef(oldVnode.data.attrs) && isUndef(vnode.data.attrs)) {
return
}
var key, cur, old;
var elm = vnode.elm;
var oldAttrs = oldVnode.data.attrs || {};
var attrs = vnode.data.attrs || {};
// clone observed objects, as the user probably wants to mutate it
if (isDef(attrs.__ob__)) {
attrs = vnode.data.attrs = extend({}, attrs);
}
for (key in attrs) {
cur = attrs[key];
old = oldAttrs[key];
if (old !== cur) {
setAttr(elm, key, cur);
}
}
// #4391: in IE9, setting type can reset value for input[type=radio]
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (isIE9 && attrs.value !== oldAttrs.value) {
setAttr(elm, 'value', attrs.value);
}
for (key in oldAttrs) {
if (isUndef(attrs[key])) {
if (isXlink(key)) {
elm.removeAttributeNS(xlinkNS, getXlinkProp(key));
} else if (!isEnumeratedAttr(key)) {
elm.removeAttribute(key);
}
}
}
}
function setAttr (el, key, value) {
if (isBooleanAttr(key)) {
// set attribute for blank value
// e.g. <option disabled>Select one</option>
if (isFalsyAttrValue(value)) {
el.removeAttribute(key);
} else {
el.setAttribute(key, key);
}
} else if (isEnumeratedAttr(key)) {
el.setAttribute(key, isFalsyAttrValue(value) || value === 'false' ? 'false' : 'true');
} else if (isXlink(key)) {
if (isFalsyAttrValue(value)) {
el.removeAttributeNS(xlinkNS, getXlinkProp(key));
} else {
el.setAttributeNS(xlinkNS, key, value);
}
} else {
if (isFalsyAttrValue(value)) {
el.removeAttribute(key);
} else {
el.setAttribute(key, value);
}
}
}
var attrs = {
create: updateAttrs,
update: updateAttrs
};
/* */
function updateClass (oldVnode, vnode) {
var el = vnode.elm;
var data = vnode.data;
var oldData = oldVnode.data;
if (
isUndef(data.staticClass) &&
isUndef(data.class) && (
isUndef(oldData) || (
isUndef(oldData.staticClass) &&
isUndef(oldData.class)
)
)
) {
return
}
var cls = genClassForVnode(vnode);
// handle transition classes
var transitionClass = el._transitionClasses;
if (isDef(transitionClass)) {
cls = concat(cls, stringifyClass(transitionClass));
}
// set the class
if (cls !== el._prevClass) {
el.setAttribute('class', cls);
el._prevClass = cls;
}
}
var klass = {
create: updateClass,
update: updateClass
};
/* */
var validDivisionCharRE = /[\w).+\-_$\]]/;
function parseFilters (exp) {
var inSingle = false;
var inDouble = false;
var inTemplateString = false;
var inRegex = false;
var curly = 0;
var square = 0;
var paren = 0;
var lastFilterIndex = 0;
var c, prev, i, expression, filters;
for (i = 0; i < exp.length; i++) {
prev = c;
c = exp.charCodeAt(i);
if (inSingle) {
if (c === 0x27 && prev !== 0x5C) { inSingle = false; }
} else if (inDouble) {
if (c === 0x22 && prev !== 0x5C) { inDouble = false; }
} else if (inTemplateString) {
if (c === 0x60 && prev !== 0x5C) { inTemplateString = false; }
} else if (inRegex) {
if (c === 0x2f && prev !== 0x5C) { inRegex = false; }
} else if (
c === 0x7C && // pipe
exp.charCodeAt(i + 1) !== 0x7C &&
exp.charCodeAt(i - 1) !== 0x7C &&
!curly && !square && !paren
) {
if (expression === undefined) {
// first filter, end of expression
lastFilterIndex = i + 1;
expression = exp.slice(0, i).trim();
} else {
pushFilter();
}
} else {
switch (c) {
case 0x22: inDouble = true; break // "
case 0x27: inSingle = true; break // '
case 0x60: inTemplateString = true; break // `
case 0x28: paren++; break // (
case 0x29: paren--; break // )
case 0x5B: square++; break // [
case 0x5D: square--; break // ]
case 0x7B: curly++; break // {
case 0x7D: curly--; break // }
}
if (c === 0x2f) { // /
var j = i - 1;
var p = (void 0);
// find first non-whitespace prev char
for (; j >= 0; j--) {
p = exp.charAt(j);
if (p !== ' ') { break }
}
if (!p || !validDivisionCharRE.test(p)) {
inRegex = true;
}
}
}
}
if (expression === undefined) {
expression = exp.slice(0, i).trim();
} else if (lastFilterIndex !== 0) {
pushFilter();
}
function pushFilter () {
(filters || (filters = [])).push(exp.slice(lastFilterIndex, i).trim());
lastFilterIndex = i + 1;
}
if (filters) {
for (i = 0; i < filters.length; i++) {
expression = wrapFilter(expression, filters[i]);
}
}
return expression
}
function wrapFilter (exp, filter) {
var i = filter.indexOf('(');
if (i < 0) {
// _f: resolveFilter
return ("_f(\"" + filter + "\")(" + exp + ")")
} else {
var name = filter.slice(0, i);
var args = filter.slice(i + 1);
return ("_f(\"" + name + "\")(" + exp + "," + args)
}
}
/* */
function baseWarn (msg) {
console.error(("[Vue compiler]: " + msg));
}
function pluckModuleFunction (
modules,
key
) {
return modules
? modules.map(function (m) { return m[key]; }).filter(function (_) { return _; })
: []
}
function addProp (el, name, value) {
(el.props || (el.props = [])).push({ name: name, value: value });
}
function addAttr (el, name, value) {
(el.attrs || (el.attrs = [])).push({ name: name, value: value });
}
function addDirective (
el,
name,
rawName,
value,
arg,
modifiers
) {
(el.directives || (el.directives = [])).push({ name: name, rawName: rawName, value: value, arg: arg, modifiers: modifiers });
}
function addHandler (
el,
name,
value,
modifiers,
important,
warn
) {
// warn prevent and passive modifier
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (
"development" !== 'production' && warn &&
modifiers && modifiers.prevent && modifiers.passive
) {
warn(
'passive and prevent can\'t be used together. ' +
'Passive handler can\'t prevent default event.'
);
}
// check capture modifier
if (modifiers && modifiers.capture) {
delete modifiers.capture;
name = '!' + name; // mark the event as captured
}
if (modifiers && modifiers.once) {
delete modifiers.once;
name = '~' + name; // mark the event as once
}
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (modifiers && modifiers.passive) {
delete modifiers.passive;
name = '&' + name; // mark the event as passive
}
var events;
if (modifiers && modifiers.native) {
delete modifiers.native;
events = el.nativeEvents || (el.nativeEvents = {});
} else {
events = el.events || (el.events = {});
}
var newHandler = { value: value, modifiers: modifiers };
var handlers = events[name];
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (Array.isArray(handlers)) {
important ? handlers.unshift(newHandler) : handlers.push(newHandler);
} else if (handlers) {
events[name] = important ? [newHandler, handlers] : [handlers, newHandler];
} else {
events[name] = newHandler;
}
}
function getBindingAttr (
el,
name,
getStatic
) {
var dynamicValue =
getAndRemoveAttr(el, ':' + name) ||
getAndRemoveAttr(el, 'v-bind:' + name);
if (dynamicValue != null) {
return parseFilters(dynamicValue)
} else if (getStatic !== false) {
var staticValue = getAndRemoveAttr(el, name);
if (staticValue != null) {
return JSON.stringify(staticValue)
}
}
}
function getAndRemoveAttr (el, name) {
var val;
if ((val = el.attrsMap[name]) != null) {
var list = el.attrsList;
for (var i = 0, l = list.length; i < l; i++) {
if (list[i].name === name) {
list.splice(i, 1);
break
}
}
}
return val
}
/* */
/**
* Cross-platform code generation for component v-model
*/
function genComponentModel (
el,
value,
modifiers
) {
var ref = modifiers || {};
var number = ref.number;
var trim = ref.trim;
var baseValueExpression = '$$v';
var valueExpression = baseValueExpression;
if (trim) {
valueExpression =
"(typeof " + baseValueExpression + " === 'string'" +
"? " + baseValueExpression + ".trim()" +
": " + baseValueExpression + ")";
}
if (number) {
valueExpression = "_n(" + valueExpression + ")";
}
var assignment = genAssignmentCode(value, valueExpression);
el.model = {
value: ("(" + value + ")"),
expression: ("\"" + value + "\""),
callback: ("function (" + baseValueExpression + ") {" + assignment + "}")
};
}
/**
* Cross-platform codegen helper for generating v-model value assignment code.
*/
function genAssignmentCode (
value,
assignment
) {
var modelRs = parseModel(value);
if (modelRs.idx === null) {
return (value + "=" + assignment)
} else {
return ("$set(" + (modelRs.exp) + ", " + (modelRs.idx) + ", " + assignment + ")")
}
}
/**
* parse directive model to do the array update transform. a[idx] = val => $$a.splice($$idx, 1, val)
*
* for loop possible cases:
*
* - test
* - test[idx]
* - test[test1[idx]]
* - test["a"][idx]
* - xxx.test[a[a].test1[idx]]
* - test.xxx.a["asa"][test1[idx]]
*
*/
var len;
var str;
var chr;
var index$1;
var expressionPos;
var expressionEndPos;
function parseModel (val) {
str = val;
len = str.length;
index$1 = expressionPos = expressionEndPos = 0;
if (val.indexOf('[') < 0 || val.lastIndexOf(']') < len - 1) {
return {
exp: val,
idx: null
}
}
while (!eof()) {
chr = next();
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (isStringStart(chr)) {
parseString(chr);
} else if (chr === 0x5B) {
parseBracket(chr);
}
}
return {
exp: val.substring(0, expressionPos),
idx: val.substring(expressionPos + 1, expressionEndPos)
}
}
function next () {
return str.charCodeAt(++index$1)
}
function eof () {
return index$1 >= len
}
function isStringStart (chr) {
return chr === 0x22 || chr === 0x27
}
function parseBracket (chr) {
var inBracket = 1;
expressionPos = index$1;
while (!eof()) {
chr = next();
if (isStringStart(chr)) {
parseString(chr);
continue
}
if (chr === 0x5B) { inBracket++; }
if (chr === 0x5D) { inBracket--; }
if (inBracket === 0) {
expressionEndPos = index$1;
break
}
}
}
function parseString (chr) {
var stringQuote = chr;
while (!eof()) {
chr = next();
if (chr === stringQuote) {
break
}
}
}
/* */
var warn$1;
// in some cases, the event used has to be determined at runtime
// so we used some reserved tokens during compile.
var RANGE_TOKEN = '__r';
var CHECKBOX_RADIO_TOKEN = '__c';
function model (
el,
dir,
_warn
) {
warn$1 = _warn;
var value = dir.value;
var modifiers = dir.modifiers;
var tag = el.tag;
var type = el.attrsMap.type;
if (true) {
var dynamicType = el.attrsMap['v-bind:type'] || el.attrsMap[':type'];
if (tag === 'input' && dynamicType) {
warn$1(
"<input :type=\"" + dynamicType + "\" v-model=\"" + value + "\">:\n" +
"v-model does not support dynamic input types. Use v-if branches instead."
);
}
// inputs with type="file" are read only and setting the input's
// value will throw an error.
if (tag === 'input' && type === 'file') {
warn$1(
"<" + (el.tag) + " v-model=\"" + value + "\" type=\"file\">:\n" +
"File inputs are read only. Use a v-on:change listener instead."
);
}
}
if (el.component) {
genComponentModel(el, value, modifiers);
// component v-model doesn't need extra runtime
return false
} else if (tag === 'select') {
genSelect(el, value, modifiers);
} else if (tag === 'input' && type === 'checkbox') {
genCheckboxModel(el, value, modifiers);
} else if (tag === 'input' && type === 'radio') {
genRadioModel(el, value, modifiers);
} else if (tag === 'input' || tag === 'textarea') {
genDefaultModel(el, value, modifiers);
} else if (!config.isReservedTag(tag)) {
genComponentModel(el, value, modifiers);
// component v-model doesn't need extra runtime
return false
} else if (true) {
warn$1(
"<" + (el.tag) + " v-model=\"" + value + "\">: " +
"v-model is not supported on this element type. " +
'If you are working with contenteditable, it\'s recommended to ' +
'wrap a library dedicated for that purpose inside a custom component.'
);
}
// ensure runtime directive metadata
return true
}
function genCheckboxModel (
el,
value,
modifiers
) {
var number = modifiers && modifiers.number;
var valueBinding = getBindingAttr(el, 'value') || 'null';
var trueValueBinding = getBindingAttr(el, 'true-value') || 'true';
var falseValueBinding = getBindingAttr(el, 'false-value') || 'false';
addProp(el, 'checked',
"Array.isArray(" + value + ")" +
"?_i(" + value + "," + valueBinding + ")>-1" + (
trueValueBinding === 'true'
? (":(" + value + ")")
: (":_q(" + value + "," + trueValueBinding + ")")
)
);
addHandler(el, CHECKBOX_RADIO_TOKEN,
"var $$a=" + value + "," +
'$$el=$event.target,' +
"$$c=$$el.checked?(" + trueValueBinding + "):(" + falseValueBinding + ");" +
'if(Array.isArray($$a)){' +
"var $$v=" + (number ? '_n(' + valueBinding + ')' : valueBinding) + "," +
'$$i=_i($$a,$$v);' +
"if($$el.checked){$$i<0&&(" + value + "=$$a.concat($$v))}" +
"else{$$i>-1&&(" + value + "=$$a.slice(0,$$i).concat($$a.slice($$i+1)))}" +
"}else{" + (genAssignmentCode(value, '$$c')) + "}",
null, true
);
}
function genRadioModel (
el,
value,
modifiers
) {
var number = modifiers && modifiers.number;
var valueBinding = getBindingAttr(el, 'value') || 'null';
valueBinding = number ? ("_n(" + valueBinding + ")") : valueBinding;
addProp(el, 'checked', ("_q(" + value + "," + valueBinding + ")"));
addHandler(el, CHECKBOX_RADIO_TOKEN, genAssignmentCode(value, valueBinding), null, true);
}
function genSelect (
el,
value,
modifiers
) {
var number = modifiers && modifiers.number;
var selectedVal = "Array.prototype.filter" +
".call($event.target.options,function(o){return o.selected})" +
".map(function(o){var val = \"_value\" in o ? o._value : o.value;" +
"return " + (number ? '_n(val)' : 'val') + "})";
var assignment = '$event.target.multiple ? $$selectedVal : $$selectedVal[0]';
var code = "var $$selectedVal = " + selectedVal + ";";
code = code + " " + (genAssignmentCode(value, assignment));
addHandler(el, 'change', code, null, true);
}
function genDefaultModel (
el,
value,
modifiers
) {
var type = el.attrsMap.type;
var ref = modifiers || {};
var lazy = ref.lazy;
var number = ref.number;
var trim = ref.trim;
var needCompositionGuard = !lazy && type !== 'range';
var event = lazy
? 'change'
: type === 'range'
? RANGE_TOKEN
: 'input';
var valueExpression = '$event.target.value';
if (trim) {
valueExpression = "$event.target.value.trim()";
}
if (number) {
valueExpression = "_n(" + valueExpression + ")";
}
var code = genAssignmentCode(value, valueExpression);
if (needCompositionGuard) {
code = "if($event.target.composing)return;" + code;
}
addProp(el, 'value', ("(" + value + ")"));
addHandler(el, event, code, null, true);
if (trim || number) {
addHandler(el, 'blur', '$forceUpdate()');
}
}
/* */
// normalize v-model event tokens that can only be determined at runtime.
// it's important to place the event as the first in the array because
// the whole point is ensuring the v-model callback gets called before
// user-attached handlers.
function normalizeEvents (on) {
var event;
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (isDef(on[RANGE_TOKEN])) {
// IE input[type=range] only supports `change` event
event = isIE ? 'change' : 'input';
on[event] = [].concat(on[RANGE_TOKEN], on[event] || []);
delete on[RANGE_TOKEN];
}
if (isDef(on[CHECKBOX_RADIO_TOKEN])) {
// Chrome fires microtasks in between click/change, leads to #4521
event = isChrome ? 'click' : 'change';
on[event] = [].concat(on[CHECKBOX_RADIO_TOKEN], on[event] || []);
delete on[CHECKBOX_RADIO_TOKEN];
}
}
var target$1;
function add$1 (
event,
handler,
once$$1,
capture,
passive
) {
if (once$$1) {
var oldHandler = handler;
var _target = target$1; // save current target element in closure
handler = function (ev) {
var res = arguments.length === 1
? oldHandler(ev)
: oldHandler.apply(null, arguments);
if (res !== null) {
remove$2(event, handler, capture, _target);
}
};
}
target$1.addEventListener(
event,
handler,
supportsPassive
? { capture: capture, passive: passive }
: capture
);
}
function remove$2 (
event,
handler,
capture,
_target
) {
(_target || target$1).removeEventListener(event, handler, capture);
}
function updateDOMListeners (oldVnode, vnode) {
if (isUndef(oldVnode.data.on) && isUndef(vnode.data.on)) {
return
}
var on = vnode.data.on || {};
var oldOn = oldVnode.data.on || {};
target$1 = vnode.elm;
normalizeEvents(on);
updateListeners(on, oldOn, add$1, remove$2, vnode.context);
}
var events = {
create: updateDOMListeners,
update: updateDOMListeners
};
/* */
function updateDOMProps (oldVnode, vnode) {
if (isUndef(oldVnode.data.domProps) && isUndef(vnode.data.domProps)) {
return
}
var key, cur;
var elm = vnode.elm;
var oldProps = oldVnode.data.domProps || {};
var props = vnode.data.domProps || {};
// clone observed objects, as the user probably wants to mutate it
if (isDef(props.__ob__)) {
props = vnode.data.domProps = extend({}, props);
}
for (key in oldProps) {
if (isUndef(props[key])) {
elm[key] = '';
}
}
for (key in props) {
cur = props[key];
// ignore children if the node has textContent or innerHTML,
// as these will throw away existing DOM nodes and cause removal errors
// on subsequent patches (#3360)
if (key === 'textContent' || key === 'innerHTML') {
if (vnode.children) { vnode.children.length = 0; }
if (cur === oldProps[key]) { continue }
}
if (key === 'value') {
// store value as _value as well since
// non-string values will be stringified
elm._value = cur;
// avoid resetting cursor position when value is the same
var strCur = isUndef(cur) ? '' : String(cur);
if (shouldUpdateValue(elm, vnode, strCur)) {
elm.value = strCur;
}
} else {
elm[key] = cur;
}
}
}
// check platforms/web/util/attrs.js acceptValue
function shouldUpdateValue (
elm,
vnode,
checkVal
) {
return (!elm.composing && (
vnode.tag === 'option' ||
isDirty(elm, checkVal) ||
isInputChanged(elm, checkVal)
))
}
function isDirty (elm, checkVal) {
// return true when textbox (.number and .trim) loses focus and its value is
// not equal to the updated value
var notInFocus = true;
// #6157
// work around IE bug when accessing document.activeElement in an iframe
try { notInFocus = document.activeElement !== elm; } catch (e) {}
return notInFocus && elm.value !== checkVal
}
function isInputChanged (elm, newVal) {
var value = elm.value;
var modifiers = elm._vModifiers; // injected by v-model runtime
if (isDef(modifiers) && modifiers.number) {
return toNumber(value) !== toNumber(newVal)
}
if (isDef(modifiers) && modifiers.trim) {
return value.trim() !== newVal.trim()
}
return value !== newVal
}
var domProps = {
create: updateDOMProps,
update: updateDOMProps
};
/* */
var parseStyleText = cached(function (cssText) {
var res = {};
var listDelimiter = /;(?![^(]*\))/g;
var propertyDelimiter = /:(.+)/;
cssText.split(listDelimiter).forEach(function (item) {
if (item) {
var tmp = item.split(propertyDelimiter);
tmp.length > 1 && (res[tmp[0].trim()] = tmp[1].trim());
}
});
return res
});
// merge static and dynamic style data on the same vnode
function normalizeStyleData (data) {
var style = normalizeStyleBinding(data.style);
// static style is pre-processed into an object during compilation
// and is always a fresh object, so it's safe to merge into it
return data.staticStyle
? extend(data.staticStyle, style)
: style
}
// normalize possible array / string values into Object
function normalizeStyleBinding (bindingStyle) {
if (Array.isArray(bindingStyle)) {
return toObject(bindingStyle)
}
if (typeof bindingStyle === 'string') {
return parseStyleText(bindingStyle)
}
return bindingStyle
}
/**
* parent component style should be after child's
* so that parent component's style could override it
*/
function getStyle (vnode, checkChild) {
var res = {};
var styleData;
if (checkChild) {
var childNode = vnode;
while (childNode.componentInstance) {
childNode = childNode.componentInstance._vnode;
if (childNode.data && (styleData = normalizeStyleData(childNode.data))) {
extend(res, styleData);
}
}
}
if ((styleData = normalizeStyleData(vnode.data))) {
extend(res, styleData);
}
var parentNode = vnode;
while ((parentNode = parentNode.parent)) {
if (parentNode.data && (styleData = normalizeStyleData(parentNode.data))) {
extend(res, styleData);
}
}
return res
}
/* */
var cssVarRE = /^--/;
var importantRE = /\s*!important$/;
var setProp = function (el, name, val) {
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (cssVarRE.test(name)) {
el.style.setProperty(name, val);
} else if (importantRE.test(val)) {
el.style.setProperty(name, val.replace(importantRE, ''), 'important');
} else {
var normalizedName = normalize(name);
if (Array.isArray(val)) {
// Support values array created by autoprefixer, e.g.
// {display: ["-webkit-box", "-ms-flexbox", "flex"]}
// Set them one by one, and the browser will only set those it can recognize
for (var i = 0, len = val.length; i < len; i++) {
el.style[normalizedName] = val[i];
}
} else {
el.style[normalizedName] = val;
}
}
};
var vendorNames = ['Webkit', 'Moz', 'ms'];
var emptyStyle;
var normalize = cached(function (prop) {
emptyStyle = emptyStyle || document.createElement('div').style;
prop = camelize(prop);
if (prop !== 'filter' && (prop in emptyStyle)) {
return prop
}
var capName = prop.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + prop.slice(1);
for (var i = 0; i < vendorNames.length; i++) {
var name = vendorNames[i] + capName;
if (name in emptyStyle) {
return name
}
}
});
function updateStyle (oldVnode, vnode) {
var data = vnode.data;
var oldData = oldVnode.data;
if (isUndef(data.staticStyle) && isUndef(data.style) &&
isUndef(oldData.staticStyle) && isUndef(oldData.style)
) {
return
}
var cur, name;
var el = vnode.elm;
var oldStaticStyle = oldData.staticStyle;
var oldStyleBinding = oldData.normalizedStyle || oldData.style || {};
// if static style exists, stylebinding already merged into it when doing normalizeStyleData
var oldStyle = oldStaticStyle || oldStyleBinding;
var style = normalizeStyleBinding(vnode.data.style) || {};
// store normalized style under a different key for next diff
// make sure to clone it if it's reactive, since the user likley wants
// to mutate it.
vnode.data.normalizedStyle = isDef(style.__ob__)
? extend({}, style)
: style;
var newStyle = getStyle(vnode, true);
for (name in oldStyle) {
if (isUndef(newStyle[name])) {
setProp(el, name, '');
}
}
for (name in newStyle) {
cur = newStyle[name];
if (cur !== oldStyle[name]) {
// ie9 setting to null has no effect, must use empty string
setProp(el, name, cur == null ? '' : cur);
}
}
}
var style = {
create: updateStyle,
update: updateStyle
};
/* */
/**
* Add class with compatibility for SVG since classList is not supported on
* SVG elements in IE
*/
function addClass (el, cls) {
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (!cls || !(cls = cls.trim())) {
return
}
/* istanbul ignore else */
if (el.classList) {
if (cls.indexOf(' ') > -1) {
cls.split(/\s+/).forEach(function (c) { return el.classList.add(c); });
} else {
el.classList.add(cls);
}
} else {
var cur = " " + (el.getAttribute('class') || '') + " ";
if (cur.indexOf(' ' + cls + ' ') < 0) {
el.setAttribute('class', (cur + cls).trim());
}
}
}
/**
* Remove class with compatibility for SVG since classList is not supported on
* SVG elements in IE
*/
function removeClass (el, cls) {
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (!cls || !(cls = cls.trim())) {
return
}
/* istanbul ignore else */
if (el.classList) {
if (cls.indexOf(' ') > -1) {
cls.split(/\s+/).forEach(function (c) { return el.classList.remove(c); });
} else {
el.classList.remove(cls);
}
if (!el.classList.length) {
el.removeAttribute('class');
}
} else {
var cur = " " + (el.getAttribute('class') || '') + " ";
var tar = ' ' + cls + ' ';
while (cur.indexOf(tar) >= 0) {
cur = cur.replace(tar, ' ');
}
cur = cur.trim();
if (cur) {
el.setAttribute('class', cur);
} else {
el.removeAttribute('class');
}
}
}
/* */
function resolveTransition (def$$1) {
if (!def$$1) {
return
}
/* istanbul ignore else */
if (typeof def$$1 === 'object') {
var res = {};
if (def$$1.css !== false) {
extend(res, autoCssTransition(def$$1.name || 'v'));
}
extend(res, def$$1);
return res
} else if (typeof def$$1 === 'string') {
return autoCssTransition(def$$1)
}
}
var autoCssTransition = cached(function (name) {
return {
enterClass: (name + "-enter"),
enterToClass: (name + "-enter-to"),
enterActiveClass: (name + "-enter-active"),
leaveClass: (name + "-leave"),
leaveToClass: (name + "-leave-to"),
leaveActiveClass: (name + "-leave-active")
}
});
var hasTransition = inBrowser && !isIE9;
var TRANSITION = 'transition';
var ANIMATION = 'animation';
// Transition property/event sniffing
var transitionProp = 'transition';
var transitionEndEvent = 'transitionend';
var animationProp = 'animation';
var animationEndEvent = 'animationend';
if (hasTransition) {
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (window.ontransitionend === undefined &&
window.onwebkittransitionend !== undefined
) {
transitionProp = 'WebkitTransition';
transitionEndEvent = 'webkitTransitionEnd';
}
if (window.onanimationend === undefined &&
window.onwebkitanimationend !== undefined
) {
animationProp = 'WebkitAnimation';
animationEndEvent = 'webkitAnimationEnd';
}
}
// binding to window is necessary to make hot reload work in IE in strict mode
var raf = inBrowser && window.requestAnimationFrame
? window.requestAnimationFrame.bind(window)
: setTimeout;
function nextFrame (fn) {
raf(function () {
raf(fn);
});
}
function addTransitionClass (el, cls) {
var transitionClasses = el._transitionClasses || (el._transitionClasses = []);
if (transitionClasses.indexOf(cls) < 0) {
transitionClasses.push(cls);
addClass(el, cls);
}
}
function removeTransitionClass (el, cls) {
if (el._transitionClasses) {
remove(el._transitionClasses, cls);
}
removeClass(el, cls);
}
function whenTransitionEnds (
el,
expectedType,
cb
) {
var ref = getTransitionInfo(el, expectedType);
var type = ref.type;
var timeout = ref.timeout;
var propCount = ref.propCount;
if (!type) { return cb() }
var event = type === TRANSITION ? transitionEndEvent : animationEndEvent;
var ended = 0;
var end = function () {
el.removeEventListener(event, onEnd);
cb();
};
var onEnd = function (e) {
if (e.target === el) {
if (++ended >= propCount) {
end();
}
}
};
setTimeout(function () {
if (ended < propCount) {
end();
}
}, timeout + 1);
el.addEventListener(event, onEnd);
}
var transformRE = /\b(transform|all)(,|$)/;
function getTransitionInfo (el, expectedType) {
var styles = window.getComputedStyle(el);
var transitionDelays = styles[transitionProp + 'Delay'].split(', ');
var transitionDurations = styles[transitionProp + 'Duration'].split(', ');
var transitionTimeout = getTimeout(transitionDelays, transitionDurations);
var animationDelays = styles[animationProp + 'Delay'].split(', ');
var animationDurations = styles[animationProp + 'Duration'].split(', ');
var animationTimeout = getTimeout(animationDelays, animationDurations);
var type;
var timeout = 0;
var propCount = 0;
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (expectedType === TRANSITION) {
if (transitionTimeout > 0) {
type = TRANSITION;
timeout = transitionTimeout;
propCount = transitionDurations.length;
}
} else if (expectedType === ANIMATION) {
if (animationTimeout > 0) {
type = ANIMATION;
timeout = animationTimeout;
propCount = animationDurations.length;
}
} else {
timeout = Math.max(transitionTimeout, animationTimeout);
type = timeout > 0
? transitionTimeout > animationTimeout
? TRANSITION
: ANIMATION
: null;
propCount = type
? type === TRANSITION
? transitionDurations.length
: animationDurations.length
: 0;
}
var hasTransform =
type === TRANSITION &&
transformRE.test(styles[transitionProp + 'Property']);
return {
type: type,
timeout: timeout,
propCount: propCount,
hasTransform: hasTransform
}
}
function getTimeout (delays, durations) {
/* istanbul ignore next */
while (delays.length < durations.length) {
delays = delays.concat(delays);
}
return Math.max.apply(null, durations.map(function (d, i) {
return toMs(d) + toMs(delays[i])
}))
}
function toMs (s) {
return Number(s.slice(0, -1)) * 1000
}
/* */
function enter (vnode, toggleDisplay) {
var el = vnode.elm;
// call leave callback now
if (isDef(el._leaveCb)) {
el._leaveCb.cancelled = true;
el._leaveCb();
}
var data = resolveTransition(vnode.data.transition);
if (isUndef(data)) {
return
}
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (isDef(el._enterCb) || el.nodeType !== 1) {
return
}
var css = data.css;
var type = data.type;
var enterClass = data.enterClass;
var enterToClass = data.enterToClass;
var enterActiveClass = data.enterActiveClass;
var appearClass = data.appearClass;
var appearToClass = data.appearToClass;
var appearActiveClass = data.appearActiveClass;
var beforeEnter = data.beforeEnter;
var enter = data.enter;
var afterEnter = data.afterEnter;
var enterCancelled = data.enterCancelled;
var beforeAppear = data.beforeAppear;
var appear = data.appear;
var afterAppear = data.afterAppear;
var appearCancelled = data.appearCancelled;
var duration = data.duration;
// activeInstance will always be the <transition> component managing this
// transition. One edge case to check is when the <transition> is placed
// as the root node of a child component. In that case we need to check
// <transition>'s parent for appear check.
var context = activeInstance;
var transitionNode = activeInstance.$vnode;
while (transitionNode && transitionNode.parent) {
transitionNode = transitionNode.parent;
context = transitionNode.context;
}
var isAppear = !context._isMounted || !vnode.isRootInsert;
if (isAppear && !appear && appear !== '') {
return
}
var startClass = isAppear && appearClass
? appearClass
: enterClass;
var activeClass = isAppear && appearActiveClass
? appearActiveClass
: enterActiveClass;
var toClass = isAppear && appearToClass
? appearToClass
: enterToClass;
var beforeEnterHook = isAppear
? (beforeAppear || beforeEnter)
: beforeEnter;
var enterHook = isAppear
? (typeof appear === 'function' ? appear : enter)
: enter;
var afterEnterHook = isAppear
? (afterAppear || afterEnter)
: afterEnter;
var enterCancelledHook = isAppear
? (appearCancelled || enterCancelled)
: enterCancelled;
var explicitEnterDuration = toNumber(
isObject(duration)
? duration.enter
: duration
);
if ("development" !== 'production' && explicitEnterDuration != null) {
checkDuration(explicitEnterDuration, 'enter', vnode);
}
var expectsCSS = css !== false && !isIE9;
var userWantsControl = getHookArgumentsLength(enterHook);
var cb = el._enterCb = once(function () {
if (expectsCSS) {
removeTransitionClass(el, toClass);
removeTransitionClass(el, activeClass);
}
if (cb.cancelled) {
if (expectsCSS) {
removeTransitionClass(el, startClass);
}
enterCancelledHook && enterCancelledHook(el);
} else {
afterEnterHook && afterEnterHook(el);
}
el._enterCb = null;
});
if (!vnode.data.show) {
// remove pending leave element on enter by injecting an insert hook
mergeVNodeHook(vnode.data.hook || (vnode.data.hook = {}), 'insert', function () {
var parent = el.parentNode;
var pendingNode = parent && parent._pending && parent._pending[vnode.key];
if (pendingNode &&
pendingNode.tag === vnode.tag &&
pendingNode.elm._leaveCb
) {
pendingNode.elm._leaveCb();
}
enterHook && enterHook(el, cb);
});
}
// start enter transition
beforeEnterHook && beforeEnterHook(el);
if (expectsCSS) {
addTransitionClass(el, startClass);
addTransitionClass(el, activeClass);
nextFrame(function () {
addTransitionClass(el, toClass);
removeTransitionClass(el, startClass);
if (!cb.cancelled && !userWantsControl) {
if (isValidDuration(explicitEnterDuration)) {
setTimeout(cb, explicitEnterDuration);
} else {
whenTransitionEnds(el, type, cb);
}
}
});
}
if (vnode.data.show) {
toggleDisplay && toggleDisplay();
enterHook && enterHook(el, cb);
}
if (!expectsCSS && !userWantsControl) {
cb();
}
}
function leave (vnode, rm) {
var el = vnode.elm;
// call enter callback now
if (isDef(el._enterCb)) {
el._enterCb.cancelled = true;
el._enterCb();
}
var data = resolveTransition(vnode.data.transition);
if (isUndef(data)) {
return rm()
}
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (isDef(el._leaveCb) || el.nodeType !== 1) {
return
}
var css = data.css;
var type = data.type;
var leaveClass = data.leaveClass;
var leaveToClass = data.leaveToClass;
var leaveActiveClass = data.leaveActiveClass;
var beforeLeave = data.beforeLeave;
var leave = data.leave;
var afterLeave = data.afterLeave;
var leaveCancelled = data.leaveCancelled;
var delayLeave = data.delayLeave;
var duration = data.duration;
var expectsCSS = css !== false && !isIE9;
var userWantsControl = getHookArgumentsLength(leave);
var explicitLeaveDuration = toNumber(
isObject(duration)
? duration.leave
: duration
);
if ("development" !== 'production' && isDef(explicitLeaveDuration)) {
checkDuration(explicitLeaveDuration, 'leave', vnode);
}
var cb = el._leaveCb = once(function () {
if (el.parentNode && el.parentNode._pending) {
el.parentNode._pending[vnode.key] = null;
}
if (expectsCSS) {
removeTransitionClass(el, leaveToClass);
removeTransitionClass(el, leaveActiveClass);
}
if (cb.cancelled) {
if (expectsCSS) {
removeTransitionClass(el, leaveClass);
}
leaveCancelled && leaveCancelled(el);
} else {
rm();
afterLeave && afterLeave(el);
}
el._leaveCb = null;
});
if (delayLeave) {
delayLeave(performLeave);
} else {
performLeave();
}
function performLeave () {
// the delayed leave may have already been cancelled
if (cb.cancelled) {
return
}
// record leaving element
if (!vnode.data.show) {
(el.parentNode._pending || (el.parentNode._pending = {}))[(vnode.key)] = vnode;
}
beforeLeave && beforeLeave(el);
if (expectsCSS) {
addTransitionClass(el, leaveClass);
addTransitionClass(el, leaveActiveClass);
nextFrame(function () {
addTransitionClass(el, leaveToClass);
removeTransitionClass(el, leaveClass);
if (!cb.cancelled && !userWantsControl) {
if (isValidDuration(explicitLeaveDuration)) {
setTimeout(cb, explicitLeaveDuration);
} else {
whenTransitionEnds(el, type, cb);
}
}
});
}
leave && leave(el, cb);
if (!expectsCSS && !userWantsControl) {
cb();
}
}
}
// only used in dev mode
function checkDuration (val, name, vnode) {
if (typeof val !== 'number') {
warn(
"<transition> explicit " + name + " duration is not a valid number - " +
"got " + (JSON.stringify(val)) + ".",
vnode.context
);
} else if (isNaN(val)) {
warn(
"<transition> explicit " + name + " duration is NaN - " +
'the duration expression might be incorrect.',
vnode.context
);
}
}
function isValidDuration (val) {
return typeof val === 'number' && !isNaN(val)
}
/**
* Normalize a transition hook's argument length. The hook may be:
* - a merged hook (invoker) with the original in .fns
* - a wrapped component method (check ._length)
* - a plain function (.length)
*/
function getHookArgumentsLength (fn) {
if (isUndef(fn)) {
return false
}
var invokerFns = fn.fns;
if (isDef(invokerFns)) {
// invoker
return getHookArgumentsLength(
Array.isArray(invokerFns)
? invokerFns[0]
: invokerFns
)
} else {
return (fn._length || fn.length) > 1
}
}
function _enter (_, vnode) {
if (vnode.data.show !== true) {
enter(vnode);
}
}
var transition = inBrowser ? {
create: _enter,
activate: _enter,
remove: function remove$$1 (vnode, rm) {
/* istanbul ignore else */
if (vnode.data.show !== true) {
leave(vnode, rm);
} else {
rm();
}
}
} : {};
var platformModules = [
attrs,
klass,
events,
domProps,
style,
transition
];
/* */
// the directive module should be applied last, after all
// built-in modules have been applied.
var modules = platformModules.concat(baseModules);
var patch = createPatchFunction({ nodeOps: nodeOps, modules: modules });
/**
* Not type checking this file because flow doesn't like attaching
* properties to Elements.
*/
var isTextInputType = makeMap('text,number,password,search,email,tel,url');
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (isIE9) {
// http://www.matts411.com/post/internet-explorer-9-oninput/
document.addEventListener('selectionchange', function () {
var el = document.activeElement;
if (el && el.vmodel) {
trigger(el, 'input');
}
});
}
var model$1 = {
inserted: function inserted (el, binding, vnode) {
if (vnode.tag === 'select') {
var cb = function () {
setSelected(el, binding, vnode.context);
};
cb();
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (isIE || isEdge) {
setTimeout(cb, 0);
}
el._vOptions = [].map.call(el.options, getValue);
} else if (vnode.tag === 'textarea' || isTextInputType(el.type)) {
el._vModifiers = binding.modifiers;
if (!binding.modifiers.lazy) {
// Safari < 10.2 & UIWebView doesn't fire compositionend when
// switching focus before confirming composition choice
// this also fixes the issue where some browsers e.g. iOS Chrome
// fires "change" instead of "input" on autocomplete.
el.addEventListener('change', onCompositionEnd);
if (!isAndroid) {
el.addEventListener('compositionstart', onCompositionStart);
el.addEventListener('compositionend', onCompositionEnd);
}
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (isIE9) {
el.vmodel = true;
}
}
}
},
componentUpdated: function componentUpdated (el, binding, vnode) {
if (vnode.tag === 'select') {
setSelected(el, binding, vnode.context);
// in case the options rendered by v-for have changed,
// it's possible that the value is out-of-sync with the rendered options.
// detect such cases and filter out values that no longer has a matching
// option in the DOM.
var prevOptions = el._vOptions;
var curOptions = el._vOptions = [].map.call(el.options, getValue);
if (curOptions.some(function (o, i) { return !looseEqual(o, prevOptions[i]); })) {
trigger(el, 'change');
}
}
}
};
function setSelected (el, binding, vm) {
var value = binding.value;
var isMultiple = el.multiple;
if (isMultiple && !Array.isArray(value)) {
"development" !== 'production' && warn(
"<select multiple v-model=\"" + (binding.expression) + "\"> " +
"expects an Array value for its binding, but got " + (Object.prototype.toString.call(value).slice(8, -1)),
vm
);
return
}
var selected, option;
for (var i = 0, l = el.options.length; i < l; i++) {
option = el.options[i];
if (isMultiple) {
selected = looseIndexOf(value, getValue(option)) > -1;
if (option.selected !== selected) {
option.selected = selected;
}
} else {
if (looseEqual(getValue(option), value)) {
if (el.selectedIndex !== i) {
el.selectedIndex = i;
}
return
}
}
}
if (!isMultiple) {
el.selectedIndex = -1;
}
}
function getValue (option) {
return '_value' in option
? option._value
: option.value
}
function onCompositionStart (e) {
e.target.composing = true;
}
function onCompositionEnd (e) {
// prevent triggering an input event for no reason
if (!e.target.composing) { return }
e.target.composing = false;
trigger(e.target, 'input');
}
function trigger (el, type) {
var e = document.createEvent('HTMLEvents');
e.initEvent(type, true, true);
el.dispatchEvent(e);
}
/* */
// recursively search for possible transition defined inside the component root
function locateNode (vnode) {
return vnode.componentInstance && (!vnode.data || !vnode.data.transition)
? locateNode(vnode.componentInstance._vnode)
: vnode
}
var show = {
bind: function bind (el, ref, vnode) {
var value = ref.value;
vnode = locateNode(vnode);
var transition$$1 = vnode.data && vnode.data.transition;
var originalDisplay = el.__vOriginalDisplay =
el.style.display === 'none' ? '' : el.style.display;
if (value && transition$$1) {
vnode.data.show = true;
enter(vnode, function () {
el.style.display = originalDisplay;
});
} else {
el.style.display = value ? originalDisplay : 'none';
}
},
update: function update (el, ref, vnode) {
var value = ref.value;
var oldValue = ref.oldValue;
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (value === oldValue) { return }
vnode = locateNode(vnode);
var transition$$1 = vnode.data && vnode.data.transition;
if (transition$$1) {
vnode.data.show = true;
if (value) {
enter(vnode, function () {
el.style.display = el.__vOriginalDisplay;
});
} else {
leave(vnode, function () {
el.style.display = 'none';
});
}
} else {
el.style.display = value ? el.__vOriginalDisplay : 'none';
}
},
unbind: function unbind (
el,
binding,
vnode,
oldVnode,
isDestroy
) {
if (!isDestroy) {
el.style.display = el.__vOriginalDisplay;
}
}
};
var platformDirectives = {
model: model$1,
show: show
};
/* */
// Provides transition support for a single element/component.
// supports transition mode (out-in / in-out)
var transitionProps = {
name: String,
appear: Boolean,
css: Boolean,
mode: String,
type: String,
enterClass: String,
leaveClass: String,
enterToClass: String,
leaveToClass: String,
enterActiveClass: String,
leaveActiveClass: String,
appearClass: String,
appearActiveClass: String,
appearToClass: String,
duration: [Number, String, Object]
};
// in case the child is also an abstract component, e.g. <keep-alive>
// we want to recursively retrieve the real component to be rendered
function getRealChild (vnode) {
var compOptions = vnode && vnode.componentOptions;
if (compOptions && compOptions.Ctor.options.abstract) {
return getRealChild(getFirstComponentChild(compOptions.children))
} else {
return vnode
}
}
function extractTransitionData (comp) {
var data = {};
var options = comp.$options;
// props
for (var key in options.propsData) {
data[key] = comp[key];
}
// events.
// extract listeners and pass them directly to the transition methods
var listeners = options._parentListeners;
for (var key$1 in listeners) {
data[camelize(key$1)] = listeners[key$1];
}
return data
}
function placeholder (h, rawChild) {
if (/\d-keep-alive$/.test(rawChild.tag)) {
return h('keep-alive', {
props: rawChild.componentOptions.propsData
})
}
}
function hasParentTransition (vnode) {
while ((vnode = vnode.parent)) {
if (vnode.data.transition) {
return true
}
}
}
function isSameChild (child, oldChild) {
return oldChild.key === child.key && oldChild.tag === child.tag
}
function isAsyncPlaceholder (node) {
return node.isComment && node.asyncFactory
}
var Transition = {
name: 'transition',
props: transitionProps,
abstract: true,
render: function render (h) {
var this$1 = this;
var children = this.$options._renderChildren;
if (!children) {
return
}
// filter out text nodes (possible whitespaces)
children = children.filter(function (c) { return c.tag || isAsyncPlaceholder(c); });
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (!children.length) {
return
}
// warn multiple elements
if ("development" !== 'production' && children.length > 1) {
warn(
'<transition> can only be used on a single element. Use ' +
'<transition-group> for lists.',
this.$parent
);
}
var mode = this.mode;
// warn invalid mode
if ("development" !== 'production' &&
mode && mode !== 'in-out' && mode !== 'out-in'
) {
warn(
'invalid <transition> mode: ' + mode,
this.$parent
);
}
var rawChild = children[0];
// if this is a component root node and the component's
// parent container node also has transition, skip.
if (hasParentTransition(this.$vnode)) {
return rawChild
}
// apply transition data to child
// use getRealChild() to ignore abstract components e.g. keep-alive
var child = getRealChild(rawChild);
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (!child) {
return rawChild
}
if (this._leaving) {
return placeholder(h, rawChild)
}
// ensure a key that is unique to the vnode type and to this transition
// component instance. This key will be used to remove pending leaving nodes
// during entering.
var id = "__transition-" + (this._uid) + "-";
child.key = child.key == null
? child.isComment
? id + 'comment'
: id + child.tag
: isPrimitive(child.key)
? (String(child.key).indexOf(id) === 0 ? child.key : id + child.key)
: child.key;
var data = (child.data || (child.data = {})).transition = extractTransitionData(this);
var oldRawChild = this._vnode;
var oldChild = getRealChild(oldRawChild);
// mark v-show
// so that the transition module can hand over the control to the directive
if (child.data.directives && child.data.directives.some(function (d) { return d.name === 'show'; })) {
child.data.show = true;
}
if (
oldChild &&
oldChild.data &&
!isSameChild(child, oldChild) &&
!isAsyncPlaceholder(oldChild)
) {
// replace old child transition data with fresh one
// important for dynamic transitions!
var oldData = oldChild && (oldChild.data.transition = extend({}, data));
// handle transition mode
if (mode === 'out-in') {
// return placeholder node and queue update when leave finishes
this._leaving = true;
mergeVNodeHook(oldData, 'afterLeave', function () {
this$1._leaving = false;
this$1.$forceUpdate();
});
return placeholder(h, rawChild)
} else if (mode === 'in-out') {
if (isAsyncPlaceholder(child)) {
return oldRawChild
}
var delayedLeave;
var performLeave = function () { delayedLeave(); };
mergeVNodeHook(data, 'afterEnter', performLeave);
mergeVNodeHook(data, 'enterCancelled', performLeave);
mergeVNodeHook(oldData, 'delayLeave', function (leave) { delayedLeave = leave; });
}
}
return rawChild
}
};
/* */
// Provides transition support for list items.
// supports move transitions using the FLIP technique.
// Because the vdom's children update algorithm is "unstable" - i.e.
// it doesn't guarantee the relative positioning of removed elements,
// we force transition-group to update its children into two passes:
// in the first pass, we remove all nodes that need to be removed,
// triggering their leaving transition; in the second pass, we insert/move
// into the final desired state. This way in the second pass removed
// nodes will remain where they should be.
var props = extend({
tag: String,
moveClass: String
}, transitionProps);
delete props.mode;
var TransitionGroup = {
props: props,
render: function render (h) {
var tag = this.tag || this.$vnode.data.tag || 'span';
var map = Object.create(null);
var prevChildren = this.prevChildren = this.children;
var rawChildren = this.$slots.default || [];
var children = this.children = [];
var transitionData = extractTransitionData(this);
for (var i = 0; i < rawChildren.length; i++) {
var c = rawChildren[i];
if (c.tag) {
if (c.key != null && String(c.key).indexOf('__vlist') !== 0) {
children.push(c);
map[c.key] = c
;(c.data || (c.data = {})).transition = transitionData;
} else if (true) {
var opts = c.componentOptions;
var name = opts ? (opts.Ctor.options.name || opts.tag || '') : c.tag;
warn(("<transition-group> children must be keyed: <" + name + ">"));
}
}
}
if (prevChildren) {
var kept = [];
var removed = [];
for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < prevChildren.length; i$1++) {
var c$1 = prevChildren[i$1];
c$1.data.transition = transitionData;
c$1.data.pos = c$1.elm.getBoundingClientRect();
if (map[c$1.key]) {
kept.push(c$1);
} else {
removed.push(c$1);
}
}
this.kept = h(tag, null, kept);
this.removed = removed;
}
return h(tag, null, children)
},
beforeUpdate: function beforeUpdate () {
// force removing pass
this.__patch__(
this._vnode,
this.kept,
false, // hydrating
true // removeOnly (!important, avoids unnecessary moves)
);
this._vnode = this.kept;
},
updated: function updated () {
var children = this.prevChildren;
var moveClass = this.moveClass || ((this.name || 'v') + '-move');
if (!children.length || !this.hasMove(children[0].elm, moveClass)) {
return
}
// we divide the work into three loops to avoid mixing DOM reads and writes
// in each iteration - which helps prevent layout thrashing.
children.forEach(callPendingCbs);
children.forEach(recordPosition);
children.forEach(applyTranslation);
// force reflow to put everything in position
var body = document.body;
var f = body.offsetHeight; // eslint-disable-line
children.forEach(function (c) {
if (c.data.moved) {
var el = c.elm;
var s = el.style;
addTransitionClass(el, moveClass);
s.transform = s.WebkitTransform = s.transitionDuration = '';
el.addEventListener(transitionEndEvent, el._moveCb = function cb (e) {
if (!e || /transform$/.test(e.propertyName)) {
el.removeEventListener(transitionEndEvent, cb);
el._moveCb = null;
removeTransitionClass(el, moveClass);
}
});
}
});
},
methods: {
hasMove: function hasMove (el, moveClass) {
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (!hasTransition) {
return false
}
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (this._hasMove) {
return this._hasMove
}
// Detect whether an element with the move class applied has
// CSS transitions. Since the element may be inside an entering
// transition at this very moment, we make a clone of it and remove
// all other transition classes applied to ensure only the move class
// is applied.
var clone = el.cloneNode();
if (el._transitionClasses) {
el._transitionClasses.forEach(function (cls) { removeClass(clone, cls); });
}
addClass(clone, moveClass);
clone.style.display = 'none';
this.$el.appendChild(clone);
var info = getTransitionInfo(clone);
this.$el.removeChild(clone);
return (this._hasMove = info.hasTransform)
}
}
};
function callPendingCbs (c) {
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (c.elm._moveCb) {
c.elm._moveCb();
}
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (c.elm._enterCb) {
c.elm._enterCb();
}
}
function recordPosition (c) {
c.data.newPos = c.elm.getBoundingClientRect();
}
function applyTranslation (c) {
var oldPos = c.data.pos;
var newPos = c.data.newPos;
var dx = oldPos.left - newPos.left;
var dy = oldPos.top - newPos.top;
if (dx || dy) {
c.data.moved = true;
var s = c.elm.style;
s.transform = s.WebkitTransform = "translate(" + dx + "px," + dy + "px)";
s.transitionDuration = '0s';
}
}
var platformComponents = {
Transition: Transition,
TransitionGroup: TransitionGroup
};
/* */
// install platform specific utils
Vue$3.config.mustUseProp = mustUseProp;
Vue$3.config.isReservedTag = isReservedTag;
Vue$3.config.isReservedAttr = isReservedAttr;
Vue$3.config.getTagNamespace = getTagNamespace;
Vue$3.config.isUnknownElement = isUnknownElement;
// install platform runtime directives & components
extend(Vue$3.options.directives, platformDirectives);
extend(Vue$3.options.components, platformComponents);
// install platform patch function
Vue$3.prototype.__patch__ = inBrowser ? patch : noop;
// public mount method
Vue$3.prototype.$mount = function (
el,
hydrating
) {
el = el && inBrowser ? query(el) : undefined;
return mountComponent(this, el, hydrating)
};
// devtools global hook
/* istanbul ignore next */
setTimeout(function () {
if (config.devtools) {
if (devtools) {
devtools.emit('init', Vue$3);
} else if ("development" !== 'production' && isChrome) {
console[console.info ? 'info' : 'log'](
'Download the Vue Devtools extension for a better development experience:\n' +
'https://github.com/vuejs/vue-devtools'
);
}
}
if ("development" !== 'production' &&
config.productionTip !== false &&
inBrowser && typeof console !== 'undefined'
) {
console[console.info ? 'info' : 'log'](
"You are running Vue in development mode.\n" +
"Make sure to turn on production mode when deploying for production.\n" +
"See more tips at https://vuejs.org/guide/deployment.html"
);
}
}, 0);
/* */
// check whether current browser encodes a char inside attribute values
function shouldDecode (content, encoded) {
var div = document.createElement('div');
div.innerHTML = "<div a=\"" + content + "\"/>";
return div.innerHTML.indexOf(encoded) > 0
}
// #3663
// IE encodes newlines inside attribute values while other browsers don't
var shouldDecodeNewlines = inBrowser ? shouldDecode('\n', ' ') : false;
/* */
var defaultTagRE = /\{\{((?:.|\n)+?)\}\}/g;
var regexEscapeRE = /[-.*+?^${}()|[\]\/\\]/g;
var buildRegex = cached(function (delimiters) {
var open = delimiters[0].replace(regexEscapeRE, '\\$&');
var close = delimiters[1].replace(regexEscapeRE, '\\$&');
return new RegExp(open + '((?:.|\\n)+?)' + close, 'g')
});
function parseText (
text,
delimiters
) {
var tagRE = delimiters ? buildRegex(delimiters) : defaultTagRE;
if (!tagRE.test(text)) {
return
}
var tokens = [];
var lastIndex = tagRE.lastIndex = 0;
var match, index;
while ((match = tagRE.exec(text))) {
index = match.index;
// push text token
if (index > lastIndex) {
tokens.push(JSON.stringify(text.slice(lastIndex, index)));
}
// tag token
var exp = parseFilters(match[1].trim());
tokens.push(("_s(" + exp + ")"));
lastIndex = index + match[0].length;
}
if (lastIndex < text.length) {
tokens.push(JSON.stringify(text.slice(lastIndex)));
}
return tokens.join('+')
}
/* */
function transformNode (el, options) {
var warn = options.warn || baseWarn;
var staticClass = getAndRemoveAttr(el, 'class');
if ("development" !== 'production' && staticClass) {
var expression = parseText(staticClass, options.delimiters);
if (expression) {
warn(
"class=\"" + staticClass + "\": " +
'Interpolation inside attributes has been removed. ' +
'Use v-bind or the colon shorthand instead. For example, ' +
'instead of <div class="{{ val }}">, use <div :class="val">.'
);
}
}
if (staticClass) {
el.staticClass = JSON.stringify(staticClass);
}
var classBinding = getBindingAttr(el, 'class', false /* getStatic */);
if (classBinding) {
el.classBinding = classBinding;
}
}
function genData (el) {
var data = '';
if (el.staticClass) {
data += "staticClass:" + (el.staticClass) + ",";
}
if (el.classBinding) {
data += "class:" + (el.classBinding) + ",";
}
return data
}
var klass$1 = {
staticKeys: ['staticClass'],
transformNode: transformNode,
genData: genData
};
/* */
function transformNode$1 (el, options) {
var warn = options.warn || baseWarn;
var staticStyle = getAndRemoveAttr(el, 'style');
if (staticStyle) {
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (true) {
var expression = parseText(staticStyle, options.delimiters);
if (expression) {
warn(
"style=\"" + staticStyle + "\": " +
'Interpolation inside attributes has been removed. ' +
'Use v-bind or the colon shorthand instead. For example, ' +
'instead of <div style="{{ val }}">, use <div :style="val">.'
);
}
}
el.staticStyle = JSON.stringify(parseStyleText(staticStyle));
}
var styleBinding = getBindingAttr(el, 'style', false /* getStatic */);
if (styleBinding) {
el.styleBinding = styleBinding;
}
}
function genData$1 (el) {
var data = '';
if (el.staticStyle) {
data += "staticStyle:" + (el.staticStyle) + ",";
}
if (el.styleBinding) {
data += "style:(" + (el.styleBinding) + "),";
}
return data
}
var style$1 = {
staticKeys: ['staticStyle'],
transformNode: transformNode$1,
genData: genData$1
};
var modules$1 = [
klass$1,
style$1
];
/* */
function text (el, dir) {
if (dir.value) {
addProp(el, 'textContent', ("_s(" + (dir.value) + ")"));
}
}
/* */
function html (el, dir) {
if (dir.value) {
addProp(el, 'innerHTML', ("_s(" + (dir.value) + ")"));
}
}
var directives$1 = {
model: model,
text: text,
html: html
};
/* */
var isUnaryTag = makeMap(
'area,base,br,col,embed,frame,hr,img,input,isindex,keygen,' +
'link,meta,param,source,track,wbr'
);
// Elements that you can, intentionally, leave open
// (and which close themselves)
var canBeLeftOpenTag = makeMap(
'colgroup,dd,dt,li,options,p,td,tfoot,th,thead,tr,source'
);
// HTML5 tags https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/indices.html#elements-3
// Phrasing Content https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#phrasing-content
var isNonPhrasingTag = makeMap(
'address,article,aside,base,blockquote,body,caption,col,colgroup,dd,' +
'details,dialog,div,dl,dt,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,' +
'h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,head,header,hgroup,hr,html,legend,li,menuitem,meta,' +
'optgroup,option,param,rp,rt,source,style,summary,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,' +
'title,tr,track'
);
/* */
var baseOptions = {
expectHTML: true,
modules: modules$1,
directives: directives$1,
isPreTag: isPreTag,
isUnaryTag: isUnaryTag,
mustUseProp: mustUseProp,
canBeLeftOpenTag: canBeLeftOpenTag,
isReservedTag: isReservedTag,
getTagNamespace: getTagNamespace,
staticKeys: genStaticKeys(modules$1)
};
/* */
var decoder;
var he = {
decode: function decode (html) {
decoder = decoder || document.createElement('div');
decoder.innerHTML = html;
return decoder.textContent
}
};
/**
* Not type-checking this file because it's mostly vendor code.
*/
/*!
* HTML Parser By John Resig (ejohn.org)
* Modified by Juriy "kangax" Zaytsev
* Original code by Erik Arvidsson, Mozilla Public License
* http://erik.eae.net/simplehtmlparser/simplehtmlparser.js
*/
// Regular Expressions for parsing tags and attributes
var singleAttrIdentifier = /([^\s"'<>/=]+)/;
var singleAttrAssign = /(?:=)/;
var singleAttrValues = [
// attr value double quotes
/"([^"]*)"+/.source,
// attr value, single quotes
/'([^']*)'+/.source,
// attr value, no quotes
/([^\s"'=<>`]+)/.source
];
var attribute = new RegExp(
'^\\s*' + singleAttrIdentifier.source +
'(?:\\s*(' + singleAttrAssign.source + ')' +
'\\s*(?:' + singleAttrValues.join('|') + '))?'
);
// could use https://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xml-names-19990114/#NT-QName
// but for Vue templates we can enforce a simple charset
var ncname = '[a-zA-Z_][\\w\\-\\.]*';
var qnameCapture = '((?:' + ncname + '\\:)?' + ncname + ')';
var startTagOpen = new RegExp('^<' + qnameCapture);
var startTagClose = /^\s*(\/?)>/;
var endTag = new RegExp('^<\\/' + qnameCapture + '[^>]*>');
var doctype = /^<!DOCTYPE [^>]+>/i;
var comment = /^<!--/;
var conditionalComment = /^<!\[/;
var IS_REGEX_CAPTURING_BROKEN = false;
'x'.replace(/x(.)?/g, function (m, g) {
IS_REGEX_CAPTURING_BROKEN = g === '';
});
// Special Elements (can contain anything)
var isPlainTextElement = makeMap('script,style,textarea', true);
var reCache = {};
var decodingMap = {
'<': '<',
'>': '>',
'"': '"',
'&': '&',
' ': '\n'
};
var encodedAttr = /&(?:lt|gt|quot|amp);/g;
var encodedAttrWithNewLines = /&(?:lt|gt|quot|amp|#10);/g;
// #5992
var isIgnoreNewlineTag = makeMap('pre,textarea', true);
var shouldIgnoreFirstNewline = function (tag, html) { return tag && isIgnoreNewlineTag(tag) && html[0] === '\n'; };
function decodeAttr (value, shouldDecodeNewlines) {
var re = shouldDecodeNewlines ? encodedAttrWithNewLines : encodedAttr;
return value.replace(re, function (match) { return decodingMap[match]; })
}
function parseHTML (html, options) {
var stack = [];
var expectHTML = options.expectHTML;
var isUnaryTag$$1 = options.isUnaryTag || no;
var canBeLeftOpenTag$$1 = options.canBeLeftOpenTag || no;
var index = 0;
var last, lastTag;
while (html) {
last = html;
// Make sure we're not in a plaintext content element like script/style
if (!lastTag || !isPlainTextElement(lastTag)) {
var textEnd = html.indexOf('<');
if (textEnd === 0) {
// Comment:
if (comment.test(html)) {
var commentEnd = html.indexOf('-->');
if (commentEnd >= 0) {
if (options.shouldKeepComment) {
options.comment(html.substring(4, commentEnd));
}
advance(commentEnd + 3);
continue
}
}
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_comment#Downlevel-revealed_conditional_comment
if (conditionalComment.test(html)) {
var conditionalEnd = html.indexOf(']>');
if (conditionalEnd >= 0) {
advance(conditionalEnd + 2);
continue
}
}
// Doctype:
var doctypeMatch = html.match(doctype);
if (doctypeMatch) {
advance(doctypeMatch[0].length);
continue
}
// End tag:
var endTagMatch = html.match(endTag);
if (endTagMatch) {
var curIndex = index;
advance(endTagMatch[0].length);
parseEndTag(endTagMatch[1], curIndex, index);
continue
}
// Start tag:
var startTagMatch = parseStartTag();
if (startTagMatch) {
handleStartTag(startTagMatch);
if (shouldIgnoreFirstNewline(lastTag, html)) {
advance(1);
}
continue
}
}
var text = (void 0), rest = (void 0), next = (void 0);
if (textEnd >= 0) {
rest = html.slice(textEnd);
while (
!endTag.test(rest) &&
!startTagOpen.test(rest) &&
!comment.test(rest) &&
!conditionalComment.test(rest)
) {
// < in plain text, be forgiving and treat it as text
next = rest.indexOf('<', 1);
if (next < 0) { break }
textEnd += next;
rest = html.slice(textEnd);
}
text = html.substring(0, textEnd);
advance(textEnd);
}
if (textEnd < 0) {
text = html;
html = '';
}
if (options.chars && text) {
options.chars(text);
}
} else {
var endTagLength = 0;
var stackedTag = lastTag.toLowerCase();
var reStackedTag = reCache[stackedTag] || (reCache[stackedTag] = new RegExp('([\\s\\S]*?)(</' + stackedTag + '[^>]*>)', 'i'));
var rest$1 = html.replace(reStackedTag, function (all, text, endTag) {
endTagLength = endTag.length;
if (!isPlainTextElement(stackedTag) && stackedTag !== 'noscript') {
text = text
.replace(/<!--([\s\S]*?)-->/g, '$1')
.replace(/<!\[CDATA\[([\s\S]*?)]]>/g, '$1');
}
if (shouldIgnoreFirstNewline(stackedTag, text)) {
text = text.slice(1);
}
if (options.chars) {
options.chars(text);
}
return ''
});
index += html.length - rest$1.length;
html = rest$1;
parseEndTag(stackedTag, index - endTagLength, index);
}
if (html === last) {
options.chars && options.chars(html);
if ("development" !== 'production' && !stack.length && options.warn) {
options.warn(("Mal-formatted tag at end of template: \"" + html + "\""));
}
break
}
}
// Clean up any remaining tags
parseEndTag();
function advance (n) {
index += n;
html = html.substring(n);
}
function parseStartTag () {
var start = html.match(startTagOpen);
if (start) {
var match = {
tagName: start[1],
attrs: [],
start: index
};
advance(start[0].length);
var end, attr;
while (!(end = html.match(startTagClose)) && (attr = html.match(attribute))) {
advance(attr[0].length);
match.attrs.push(attr);
}
if (end) {
match.unarySlash = end[1];
advance(end[0].length);
match.end = index;
return match
}
}
}
function handleStartTag (match) {
var tagName = match.tagName;
var unarySlash = match.unarySlash;
if (expectHTML) {
if (lastTag === 'p' && isNonPhrasingTag(tagName)) {
parseEndTag(lastTag);
}
if (canBeLeftOpenTag$$1(tagName) && lastTag === tagName) {
parseEndTag(tagName);
}
}
var unary = isUnaryTag$$1(tagName) || !!unarySlash;
var l = match.attrs.length;
var attrs = new Array(l);
for (var i = 0; i < l; i++) {
var args = match.attrs[i];
// hackish work around FF bug https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=369778
if (IS_REGEX_CAPTURING_BROKEN && args[0].indexOf('""') === -1) {
if (args[3] === '') { delete args[3]; }
if (args[4] === '') { delete args[4]; }
if (args[5] === '') { delete args[5]; }
}
var value = args[3] || args[4] || args[5] || '';
attrs[i] = {
name: args[1],
value: decodeAttr(
value,
options.shouldDecodeNewlines
)
};
}
if (!unary) {
stack.push({ tag: tagName, lowerCasedTag: tagName.toLowerCase(), attrs: attrs });
lastTag = tagName;
}
if (options.start) {
options.start(tagName, attrs, unary, match.start, match.end);
}
}
function parseEndTag (tagName, start, end) {
var pos, lowerCasedTagName;
if (start == null) { start = index; }
if (end == null) { end = index; }
if (tagName) {
lowerCasedTagName = tagName.toLowerCase();
}
// Find the closest opened tag of the same type
if (tagName) {
for (pos = stack.length - 1; pos >= 0; pos--) {
if (stack[pos].lowerCasedTag === lowerCasedTagName) {
break
}
}
} else {
// If no tag name is provided, clean shop
pos = 0;
}
if (pos >= 0) {
// Close all the open elements, up the stack
for (var i = stack.length - 1; i >= pos; i--) {
if ("development" !== 'production' &&
(i > pos || !tagName) &&
options.warn
) {
options.warn(
("tag <" + (stack[i].tag) + "> has no matching end tag.")
);
}
if (options.end) {
options.end(stack[i].tag, start, end);
}
}
// Remove the open elements from the stack
stack.length = pos;
lastTag = pos && stack[pos - 1].tag;
} else if (lowerCasedTagName === 'br') {
if (options.start) {
options.start(tagName, [], true, start, end);
}
} else if (lowerCasedTagName === 'p') {
if (options.start) {
options.start(tagName, [], false, start, end);
}
if (options.end) {
options.end(tagName, start, end);
}
}
}
}
/* */
var onRE = /^@|^v-on:/;
var dirRE = /^v-|^@|^:/;
var forAliasRE = /(.*?)\s+(?:in|of)\s+(.*)/;
var forIteratorRE = /\((\{[^}]*\}|[^,]*),([^,]*)(?:,([^,]*))?\)/;
var argRE = /:(.*)$/;
var bindRE = /^:|^v-bind:/;
var modifierRE = /\.[^.]+/g;
var decodeHTMLCached = cached(he.decode);
// configurable state
var warn$2;
var delimiters;
var transforms;
var preTransforms;
var postTransforms;
var platformIsPreTag;
var platformMustUseProp;
var platformGetTagNamespace;
/**
* Convert HTML string to AST.
*/
function parse (
template,
options
) {
warn$2 = options.warn || baseWarn;
platformIsPreTag = options.isPreTag || no;
platformMustUseProp = options.mustUseProp || no;
platformGetTagNamespace = options.getTagNamespace || no;
transforms = pluckModuleFunction(options.modules, 'transformNode');
preTransforms = pluckModuleFunction(options.modules, 'preTransformNode');
postTransforms = pluckModuleFunction(options.modules, 'postTransformNode');
delimiters = options.delimiters;
var stack = [];
var preserveWhitespace = options.preserveWhitespace !== false;
var root;
var currentParent;
var inVPre = false;
var inPre = false;
var warned = false;
function warnOnce (msg) {
if (!warned) {
warned = true;
warn$2(msg);
}
}
function endPre (element) {
// check pre state
if (element.pre) {
inVPre = false;
}
if (platformIsPreTag(element.tag)) {
inPre = false;
}
}
parseHTML(template, {
warn: warn$2,
expectHTML: options.expectHTML,
isUnaryTag: options.isUnaryTag,
canBeLeftOpenTag: options.canBeLeftOpenTag,
shouldDecodeNewlines: options.shouldDecodeNewlines,
shouldKeepComment: options.comments,
start: function start (tag, attrs, unary) {
// check namespace.
// inherit parent ns if there is one
var ns = (currentParent && currentParent.ns) || platformGetTagNamespace(tag);
// handle IE svg bug
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (isIE && ns === 'svg') {
attrs = guardIESVGBug(attrs);
}
var element = {
type: 1,
tag: tag,
attrsList: attrs,
attrsMap: makeAttrsMap(attrs),
parent: currentParent,
children: []
};
if (ns) {
element.ns = ns;
}
if (isForbiddenTag(element) && !isServerRendering()) {
element.forbidden = true;
"development" !== 'production' && warn$2(
'Templates should only be responsible for mapping the state to the ' +
'UI. Avoid placing tags with side-effects in your templates, such as ' +
"<" + tag + ">" + ', as they will not be parsed.'
);
}
// apply pre-transforms
for (var i = 0; i < preTransforms.length; i++) {
preTransforms[i](element, options);
}
if (!inVPre) {
processPre(element);
if (element.pre) {
inVPre = true;
}
}
if (platformIsPreTag(element.tag)) {
inPre = true;
}
if (inVPre) {
processRawAttrs(element);
} else {
processFor(element);
processIf(element);
processOnce(element);
processKey(element);
// determine whether this is a plain element after
// removing structural attributes
element.plain = !element.key && !attrs.length;
processRef(element);
processSlot(element);
processComponent(element);
for (var i$1 = 0; i$1 < transforms.length; i$1++) {
transforms[i$1](element, options);
}
processAttrs(element);
}
function checkRootConstraints (el) {
if (true) {
if (el.tag === 'slot' || el.tag === 'template') {
warnOnce(
"Cannot use <" + (el.tag) + "> as component root element because it may " +
'contain multiple nodes.'
);
}
if (el.attrsMap.hasOwnProperty('v-for')) {
warnOnce(
'Cannot use v-for on stateful component root element because ' +
'it renders multiple elements.'
);
}
}
}
// tree management
if (!root) {
root = element;
checkRootConstraints(root);
} else if (!stack.length) {
// allow root elements with v-if, v-else-if and v-else
if (root.if && (element.elseif || element.else)) {
checkRootConstraints(element);
addIfCondition(root, {
exp: element.elseif,
block: element
});
} else if (true) {
warnOnce(
"Component template should contain exactly one root element. " +
"If you are using v-if on multiple elements, " +
"use v-else-if to chain them instead."
);
}
}
if (currentParent && !element.forbidden) {
if (element.elseif || element.else) {
processIfConditions(element, currentParent);
} else if (element.slotScope) { // scoped slot
currentParent.plain = false;
var name = element.slotTarget || '"default"';(currentParent.scopedSlots || (currentParent.scopedSlots = {}))[name] = element;
} else {
currentParent.children.push(element);
element.parent = currentParent;
}
}
if (!unary) {
currentParent = element;
stack.push(element);
} else {
endPre(element);
}
// apply post-transforms
for (var i$2 = 0; i$2 < postTransforms.length; i$2++) {
postTransforms[i$2](element, options);
}
},
end: function end () {
// remove trailing whitespace
var element = stack[stack.length - 1];
var lastNode = element.children[element.children.length - 1];
if (lastNode && lastNode.type === 3 && lastNode.text === ' ' && !inPre) {
element.children.pop();
}
// pop stack
stack.length -= 1;
currentParent = stack[stack.length - 1];
endPre(element);
},
chars: function chars (text) {
if (!currentParent) {
if (true) {
if (text === template) {
warnOnce(
'Component template requires a root element, rather than just text.'
);
} else if ((text = text.trim())) {
warnOnce(
("text \"" + text + "\" outside root element will be ignored.")
);
}
}
return
}
// IE textarea placeholder bug
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (isIE &&
currentParent.tag === 'textarea' &&
currentParent.attrsMap.placeholder === text
) {
return
}
var children = currentParent.children;
text = inPre || text.trim()
? isTextTag(currentParent) ? text : decodeHTMLCached(text)
// only preserve whitespace if its not right after a starting tag
: preserveWhitespace && children.length ? ' ' : '';
if (text) {
var expression;
if (!inVPre && text !== ' ' && (expression = parseText(text, delimiters))) {
children.push({
type: 2,
expression: expression,
text: text
});
} else if (text !== ' ' || !children.length || children[children.length - 1].text !== ' ') {
children.push({
type: 3,
text: text
});
}
}
},
comment: function comment (text) {
currentParent.children.push({
type: 3,
text: text,
isComment: true
});
}
});
return root
}
function processPre (el) {
if (getAndRemoveAttr(el, 'v-pre') != null) {
el.pre = true;
}
}
function processRawAttrs (el) {
var l = el.attrsList.length;
if (l) {
var attrs = el.attrs = new Array(l);
for (var i = 0; i < l; i++) {
attrs[i] = {
name: el.attrsList[i].name,
value: JSON.stringify(el.attrsList[i].value)
};
}
} else if (!el.pre) {
// non root node in pre blocks with no attributes
el.plain = true;
}
}
function processKey (el) {
var exp = getBindingAttr(el, 'key');
if (exp) {
if ("development" !== 'production' && el.tag === 'template') {
warn$2("<template> cannot be keyed. Place the key on real elements instead.");
}
el.key = exp;
}
}
function processRef (el) {
var ref = getBindingAttr(el, 'ref');
if (ref) {
el.ref = ref;
el.refInFor = checkInFor(el);
}
}
function processFor (el) {
var exp;
if ((exp = getAndRemoveAttr(el, 'v-for'))) {
var inMatch = exp.match(forAliasRE);
if (!inMatch) {
"development" !== 'production' && warn$2(
("Invalid v-for expression: " + exp)
);
return
}
el.for = inMatch[2].trim();
var alias = inMatch[1].trim();
var iteratorMatch = alias.match(forIteratorRE);
if (iteratorMatch) {
el.alias = iteratorMatch[1].trim();
el.iterator1 = iteratorMatch[2].trim();
if (iteratorMatch[3]) {
el.iterator2 = iteratorMatch[3].trim();
}
} else {
el.alias = alias;
}
}
}
function processIf (el) {
var exp = getAndRemoveAttr(el, 'v-if');
if (exp) {
el.if = exp;
addIfCondition(el, {
exp: exp,
block: el
});
} else {
if (getAndRemoveAttr(el, 'v-else') != null) {
el.else = true;
}
var elseif = getAndRemoveAttr(el, 'v-else-if');
if (elseif) {
el.elseif = elseif;
}
}
}
function processIfConditions (el, parent) {
var prev = findPrevElement(parent.children);
if (prev && prev.if) {
addIfCondition(prev, {
exp: el.elseif,
block: el
});
} else if (true) {
warn$2(
"v-" + (el.elseif ? ('else-if="' + el.elseif + '"') : 'else') + " " +
"used on element <" + (el.tag) + "> without corresponding v-if."
);
}
}
function findPrevElement (children) {
var i = children.length;
while (i--) {
if (children[i].type === 1) {
return children[i]
} else {
if ("development" !== 'production' && children[i].text !== ' ') {
warn$2(
"text \"" + (children[i].text.trim()) + "\" between v-if and v-else(-if) " +
"will be ignored."
);
}
children.pop();
}
}
}
function addIfCondition (el, condition) {
if (!el.ifConditions) {
el.ifConditions = [];
}
el.ifConditions.push(condition);
}
function processOnce (el) {
var once$$1 = getAndRemoveAttr(el, 'v-once');
if (once$$1 != null) {
el.once = true;
}
}
function processSlot (el) {
if (el.tag === 'slot') {
el.slotName = getBindingAttr(el, 'name');
if ("development" !== 'production' && el.key) {
warn$2(
"`key` does not work on <slot> because slots are abstract outlets " +
"and can possibly expand into multiple elements. " +
"Use the key on a wrapping element instead."
);
}
} else {
var slotTarget = getBindingAttr(el, 'slot');
if (slotTarget) {
el.slotTarget = slotTarget === '""' ? '"default"' : slotTarget;
}
if (el.tag === 'template') {
el.slotScope = getAndRemoveAttr(el, 'scope');
}
}
}
function processComponent (el) {
var binding;
if ((binding = getBindingAttr(el, 'is'))) {
el.component = binding;
}
if (getAndRemoveAttr(el, 'inline-template') != null) {
el.inlineTemplate = true;
}
}
function processAttrs (el) {
var list = el.attrsList;
var i, l, name, rawName, value, modifiers, isProp;
for (i = 0, l = list.length; i < l; i++) {
name = rawName = list[i].name;
value = list[i].value;
if (dirRE.test(name)) {
// mark element as dynamic
el.hasBindings = true;
// modifiers
modifiers = parseModifiers(name);
if (modifiers) {
name = name.replace(modifierRE, '');
}
if (bindRE.test(name)) { // v-bind
name = name.replace(bindRE, '');
value = parseFilters(value);
isProp = false;
if (modifiers) {
if (modifiers.prop) {
isProp = true;
name = camelize(name);
if (name === 'innerHtml') { name = 'innerHTML'; }
}
if (modifiers.camel) {
name = camelize(name);
}
if (modifiers.sync) {
addHandler(
el,
("update:" + (camelize(name))),
genAssignmentCode(value, "$event")
);
}
}
if (isProp || (
!el.component && platformMustUseProp(el.tag, el.attrsMap.type, name)
)) {
addProp(el, name, value);
} else {
addAttr(el, name, value);
}
} else if (onRE.test(name)) { // v-on
name = name.replace(onRE, '');
addHandler(el, name, value, modifiers, false, warn$2);
} else { // normal directives
name = name.replace(dirRE, '');
// parse arg
var argMatch = name.match(argRE);
var arg = argMatch && argMatch[1];
if (arg) {
name = name.slice(0, -(arg.length + 1));
}
addDirective(el, name, rawName, value, arg, modifiers);
if ("development" !== 'production' && name === 'model') {
checkForAliasModel(el, value);
}
}
} else {
// literal attribute
if (true) {
var expression = parseText(value, delimiters);
if (expression) {
warn$2(
name + "=\"" + value + "\": " +
'Interpolation inside attributes has been removed. ' +
'Use v-bind or the colon shorthand instead. For example, ' +
'instead of <div id="{{ val }}">, use <div :id="val">.'
);
}
}
addAttr(el, name, JSON.stringify(value));
}
}
}
function checkInFor (el) {
var parent = el;
while (parent) {
if (parent.for !== undefined) {
return true
}
parent = parent.parent;
}
return false
}
function parseModifiers (name) {
var match = name.match(modifierRE);
if (match) {
var ret = {};
match.forEach(function (m) { ret[m.slice(1)] = true; });
return ret
}
}
function makeAttrsMap (attrs) {
var map = {};
for (var i = 0, l = attrs.length; i < l; i++) {
if (
"development" !== 'production' &&
map[attrs[i].name] && !isIE && !isEdge
) {
warn$2('duplicate attribute: ' + attrs[i].name);
}
map[attrs[i].name] = attrs[i].value;
}
return map
}
// for script (e.g. type="x/template") or style, do not decode content
function isTextTag (el) {
return el.tag === 'script' || el.tag === 'style'
}
function isForbiddenTag (el) {
return (
el.tag === 'style' ||
(el.tag === 'script' && (
!el.attrsMap.type ||
el.attrsMap.type === 'text/javascript'
))
)
}
var ieNSBug = /^xmlns:NS\d+/;
var ieNSPrefix = /^NS\d+:/;
/* istanbul ignore next */
function guardIESVGBug (attrs) {
var res = [];
for (var i = 0; i < attrs.length; i++) {
var attr = attrs[i];
if (!ieNSBug.test(attr.name)) {
attr.name = attr.name.replace(ieNSPrefix, '');
res.push(attr);
}
}
return res
}
function checkForAliasModel (el, value) {
var _el = el;
while (_el) {
if (_el.for && _el.alias === value) {
warn$2(
"<" + (el.tag) + " v-model=\"" + value + "\">: " +
"You are binding v-model directly to a v-for iteration alias. " +
"This will not be able to modify the v-for source array because " +
"writing to the alias is like modifying a function local variable. " +
"Consider using an array of objects and use v-model on an object property instead."
);
}
_el = _el.parent;
}
}
/* */
var isStaticKey;
var isPlatformReservedTag;
var genStaticKeysCached = cached(genStaticKeys$1);
/**
* Goal of the optimizer: walk the generated template AST tree
* and detect sub-trees that are purely static, i.e. parts of
* the DOM that never needs to change.
*
* Once we detect these sub-trees, we can:
*
* 1. Hoist them into constants, so that we no longer need to
* create fresh nodes for them on each re-render;
* 2. Completely skip them in the patching process.
*/
function optimize (root, options) {
if (!root) { return }
isStaticKey = genStaticKeysCached(options.staticKeys || '');
isPlatformReservedTag = options.isReservedTag || no;
// first pass: mark all non-static nodes.
markStatic$1(root);
// second pass: mark static roots.
markStaticRoots(root, false);
}
function genStaticKeys$1 (keys) {
return makeMap(
'type,tag,attrsList,attrsMap,plain,parent,children,attrs' +
(keys ? ',' + keys : '')
)
}
function markStatic$1 (node) {
node.static = isStatic(node);
if (node.type === 1) {
// do not make component slot content static. this avoids
// 1. components not able to mutate slot nodes
// 2. static slot content fails for hot-reloading
if (
!isPlatformReservedTag(node.tag) &&
node.tag !== 'slot' &&
node.attrsMap['inline-template'] == null
) {
return
}
for (var i = 0, l = node.children.length; i < l; i++) {
var child = node.children[i];
markStatic$1(child);
if (!child.static) {
node.static = false;
}
}
if (node.ifConditions) {
for (var i$1 = 1, l$1 = node.ifConditions.length; i$1 < l$1; i$1++) {
var block = node.ifConditions[i$1].block;
markStatic$1(block);
if (!block.static) {
node.static = false;
}
}
}
}
}
function markStaticRoots (node, isInFor) {
if (node.type === 1) {
if (node.static || node.once) {
node.staticInFor = isInFor;
}
// For a node to qualify as a static root, it should have children that
// are not just static text. Otherwise the cost of hoisting out will
// outweigh the benefits and it's better off to just always render it fresh.
if (node.static && node.children.length && !(
node.children.length === 1 &&
node.children[0].type === 3
)) {
node.staticRoot = true;
return
} else {
node.staticRoot = false;
}
if (node.children) {
for (var i = 0, l = node.children.length; i < l; i++) {
markStaticRoots(node.children[i], isInFor || !!node.for);
}
}
if (node.ifConditions) {
for (var i$1 = 1, l$1 = node.ifConditions.length; i$1 < l$1; i$1++) {
markStaticRoots(node.ifConditions[i$1].block, isInFor);
}
}
}
}
function isStatic (node) {
if (node.type === 2) { // expression
return false
}
if (node.type === 3) { // text
return true
}
return !!(node.pre || (
!node.hasBindings && // no dynamic bindings
!node.if && !node.for && // not v-if or v-for or v-else
!isBuiltInTag(node.tag) && // not a built-in
isPlatformReservedTag(node.tag) && // not a component
!isDirectChildOfTemplateFor(node) &&
Object.keys(node).every(isStaticKey)
))
}
function isDirectChildOfTemplateFor (node) {
while (node.parent) {
node = node.parent;
if (node.tag !== 'template') {
return false
}
if (node.for) {
return true
}
}
return false
}
/* */
var fnExpRE = /^\s*([\w$_]+|\([^)]*?\))\s*=>|^function\s*\(/;
var simplePathRE = /^\s*[A-Za-z_$][\w$]*(?:\.[A-Za-z_$][\w$]*|\['.*?']|\[".*?"]|\[\d+]|\[[A-Za-z_$][\w$]*])*\s*$/;
// keyCode aliases
var keyCodes = {
esc: 27,
tab: 9,
enter: 13,
space: 32,
up: 38,
left: 37,
right: 39,
down: 40,
'delete': [8, 46]
};
// #4868: modifiers that prevent the execution of the listener
// need to explicitly return null so that we can determine whether to remove
// the listener for .once
var genGuard = function (condition) { return ("if(" + condition + ")return null;"); };
var modifierCode = {
stop: '$event.stopPropagation();',
prevent: '$event.preventDefault();',
self: genGuard("$event.target !== $event.currentTarget"),
ctrl: genGuard("!$event.ctrlKey"),
shift: genGuard("!$event.shiftKey"),
alt: genGuard("!$event.altKey"),
meta: genGuard("!$event.metaKey"),
left: genGuard("'button' in $event && $event.button !== 0"),
middle: genGuard("'button' in $event && $event.button !== 1"),
right: genGuard("'button' in $event && $event.button !== 2")
};
function genHandlers (
events,
isNative,
warn
) {
var res = isNative ? 'nativeOn:{' : 'on:{';
for (var name in events) {
var handler = events[name];
// #5330: warn click.right, since right clicks do not actually fire click events.
if ("development" !== 'production' &&
name === 'click' &&
handler && handler.modifiers && handler.modifiers.right
) {
warn(
"Use \"contextmenu\" instead of \"click.right\" since right clicks " +
"do not actually fire \"click\" events."
);
}
res += "\"" + name + "\":" + (genHandler(name, handler)) + ",";
}
return res.slice(0, -1) + '}'
}
function genHandler (
name,
handler
) {
if (!handler) {
return 'function(){}'
}
if (Array.isArray(handler)) {
return ("[" + (handler.map(function (handler) { return genHandler(name, handler); }).join(',')) + "]")
}
var isMethodPath = simplePathRE.test(handler.value);
var isFunctionExpression = fnExpRE.test(handler.value);
if (!handler.modifiers) {
return isMethodPath || isFunctionExpression
? handler.value
: ("function($event){" + (handler.value) + "}") // inline statement
} else {
var code = '';
var genModifierCode = '';
var keys = [];
for (var key in handler.modifiers) {
if (modifierCode[key]) {
genModifierCode += modifierCode[key];
// left/right
if (keyCodes[key]) {
keys.push(key);
}
} else {
keys.push(key);
}
}
if (keys.length) {
code += genKeyFilter(keys);
}
// Make sure modifiers like prevent and stop get executed after key filtering
if (genModifierCode) {
code += genModifierCode;
}
var handlerCode = isMethodPath
? handler.value + '($event)'
: isFunctionExpression
? ("(" + (handler.value) + ")($event)")
: handler.value;
return ("function($event){" + code + handlerCode + "}")
}
}
function genKeyFilter (keys) {
return ("if(!('button' in $event)&&" + (keys.map(genFilterCode).join('&&')) + ")return null;")
}
function genFilterCode (key) {
var keyVal = parseInt(key, 10);
if (keyVal) {
return ("$event.keyCode!==" + keyVal)
}
var alias = keyCodes[key];
return ("_k($event.keyCode," + (JSON.stringify(key)) + (alias ? ',' + JSON.stringify(alias) : '') + ")")
}
/* */
function on (el, dir) {
if ("development" !== 'production' && dir.modifiers) {
warn("v-on without argument does not support modifiers.");
}
el.wrapListeners = function (code) { return ("_g(" + code + "," + (dir.value) + ")"); };
}
/* */
function bind$1 (el, dir) {
el.wrapData = function (code) {
return ("_b(" + code + ",'" + (el.tag) + "'," + (dir.value) + "," + (dir.modifiers && dir.modifiers.prop ? 'true' : 'false') + (dir.modifiers && dir.modifiers.sync ? ',true' : '') + ")")
};
}
/* */
var baseDirectives = {
on: on,
bind: bind$1,
cloak: noop
};
/* */
var CodegenState = function CodegenState (options) {
this.options = options;
this.warn = options.warn || baseWarn;
this.transforms = pluckModuleFunction(options.modules, 'transformCode');
this.dataGenFns = pluckModuleFunction(options.modules, 'genData');
this.directives = extend(extend({}, baseDirectives), options.directives);
var isReservedTag = options.isReservedTag || no;
this.maybeComponent = function (el) { return !isReservedTag(el.tag); };
this.onceId = 0;
this.staticRenderFns = [];
};
function generate (
ast,
options
) {
var state = new CodegenState(options);
var code = ast ? genElement(ast, state) : '_c("div")';
return {
render: ("with(this){return " + code + "}"),
staticRenderFns: state.staticRenderFns
}
}
function genElement (el, state) {
if (el.staticRoot && !el.staticProcessed) {
return genStatic(el, state)
} else if (el.once && !el.onceProcessed) {
return genOnce(el, state)
} else if (el.for && !el.forProcessed) {
return genFor(el, state)
} else if (el.if && !el.ifProcessed) {
return genIf(el, state)
} else if (el.tag === 'template' && !el.slotTarget) {
return genChildren(el, state) || 'void 0'
} else if (el.tag === 'slot') {
return genSlot(el, state)
} else {
// component or element
var code;
if (el.component) {
code = genComponent(el.component, el, state);
} else {
var data = el.plain ? undefined : genData$2(el, state);
var children = el.inlineTemplate ? null : genChildren(el, state, true);
code = "_c('" + (el.tag) + "'" + (data ? ("," + data) : '') + (children ? ("," + children) : '') + ")";
}
// module transforms
for (var i = 0; i < state.transforms.length; i++) {
code = state.transforms[i](el, code);
}
return code
}
}
// hoist static sub-trees out
function genStatic (el, state) {
el.staticProcessed = true;
state.staticRenderFns.push(("with(this){return " + (genElement(el, state)) + "}"));
return ("_m(" + (state.staticRenderFns.length - 1) + (el.staticInFor ? ',true' : '') + ")")
}
// v-once
function genOnce (el, state) {
el.onceProcessed = true;
if (el.if && !el.ifProcessed) {
return genIf(el, state)
} else if (el.staticInFor) {
var key = '';
var parent = el.parent;
while (parent) {
if (parent.for) {
key = parent.key;
break
}
parent = parent.parent;
}
if (!key) {
"development" !== 'production' && state.warn(
"v-once can only be used inside v-for that is keyed. "
);
return genElement(el, state)
}
return ("_o(" + (genElement(el, state)) + "," + (state.onceId++) + (key ? ("," + key) : "") + ")")
} else {
return genStatic(el, state)
}
}
function genIf (
el,
state,
altGen,
altEmpty
) {
el.ifProcessed = true; // avoid recursion
return genIfConditions(el.ifConditions.slice(), state, altGen, altEmpty)
}
function genIfConditions (
conditions,
state,
altGen,
altEmpty
) {
if (!conditions.length) {
return altEmpty || '_e()'
}
var condition = conditions.shift();
if (condition.exp) {
return ("(" + (condition.exp) + ")?" + (genTernaryExp(condition.block)) + ":" + (genIfConditions(conditions, state, altGen, altEmpty)))
} else {
return ("" + (genTernaryExp(condition.block)))
}
// v-if with v-once should generate code like (a)?_m(0):_m(1)
function genTernaryExp (el) {
return altGen
? altGen(el, state)
: el.once
? genOnce(el, state)
: genElement(el, state)
}
}
function genFor (
el,
state,
altGen,
altHelper
) {
var exp = el.for;
var alias = el.alias;
var iterator1 = el.iterator1 ? ("," + (el.iterator1)) : '';
var iterator2 = el.iterator2 ? ("," + (el.iterator2)) : '';
if ("development" !== 'production' &&
state.maybeComponent(el) &&
el.tag !== 'slot' &&
el.tag !== 'template' &&
!el.key
) {
state.warn(
"<" + (el.tag) + " v-for=\"" + alias + " in " + exp + "\">: component lists rendered with " +
"v-for should have explicit keys. " +
"See https://vuejs.org/guide/list.html#key for more info.",
true /* tip */
);
}
el.forProcessed = true; // avoid recursion
return (altHelper || '_l') + "((" + exp + ")," +
"function(" + alias + iterator1 + iterator2 + "){" +
"return " + ((altGen || genElement)(el, state)) +
'})'
}
function genData$2 (el, state) {
var data = '{';
// directives first.
// directives may mutate the el's other properties before they are generated.
var dirs = genDirectives(el, state);
if (dirs) { data += dirs + ','; }
// key
if (el.key) {
data += "key:" + (el.key) + ",";
}
// ref
if (el.ref) {
data += "ref:" + (el.ref) + ",";
}
if (el.refInFor) {
data += "refInFor:true,";
}
// pre
if (el.pre) {
data += "pre:true,";
}
// record original tag name for components using "is" attribute
if (el.component) {
data += "tag:\"" + (el.tag) + "\",";
}
// module data generation functions
for (var i = 0; i < state.dataGenFns.length; i++) {
data += state.dataGenFns[i](el);
}
// attributes
if (el.attrs) {
data += "attrs:{" + (genProps(el.attrs)) + "},";
}
// DOM props
if (el.props) {
data += "domProps:{" + (genProps(el.props)) + "},";
}
// event handlers
if (el.events) {
data += (genHandlers(el.events, false, state.warn)) + ",";
}
if (el.nativeEvents) {
data += (genHandlers(el.nativeEvents, true, state.warn)) + ",";
}
// slot target
if (el.slotTarget) {
data += "slot:" + (el.slotTarget) + ",";
}
// scoped slots
if (el.scopedSlots) {
data += (genScopedSlots(el.scopedSlots, state)) + ",";
}
// component v-model
if (el.model) {
data += "model:{value:" + (el.model.value) + ",callback:" + (el.model.callback) + ",expression:" + (el.model.expression) + "},";
}
// inline-template
if (el.inlineTemplate) {
var inlineTemplate = genInlineTemplate(el, state);
if (inlineTemplate) {
data += inlineTemplate + ",";
}
}
data = data.replace(/,$/, '') + '}';
// v-bind data wrap
if (el.wrapData) {
data = el.wrapData(data);
}
// v-on data wrap
if (el.wrapListeners) {
data = el.wrapListeners(data);
}
return data
}
function genDirectives (el, state) {
var dirs = el.directives;
if (!dirs) { return }
var res = 'directives:[';
var hasRuntime = false;
var i, l, dir, needRuntime;
for (i = 0, l = dirs.length; i < l; i++) {
dir = dirs[i];
needRuntime = true;
var gen = state.directives[dir.name];
if (gen) {
// compile-time directive that manipulates AST.
// returns true if it also needs a runtime counterpart.
needRuntime = !!gen(el, dir, state.warn);
}
if (needRuntime) {
hasRuntime = true;
res += "{name:\"" + (dir.name) + "\",rawName:\"" + (dir.rawName) + "\"" + (dir.value ? (",value:(" + (dir.value) + "),expression:" + (JSON.stringify(dir.value))) : '') + (dir.arg ? (",arg:\"" + (dir.arg) + "\"") : '') + (dir.modifiers ? (",modifiers:" + (JSON.stringify(dir.modifiers))) : '') + "},";
}
}
if (hasRuntime) {
return res.slice(0, -1) + ']'
}
}
function genInlineTemplate (el, state) {
var ast = el.children[0];
if ("development" !== 'production' && (
el.children.length > 1 || ast.type !== 1
)) {
state.warn('Inline-template components must have exactly one child element.');
}
if (ast.type === 1) {
var inlineRenderFns = generate(ast, state.options);
return ("inlineTemplate:{render:function(){" + (inlineRenderFns.render) + "},staticRenderFns:[" + (inlineRenderFns.staticRenderFns.map(function (code) { return ("function(){" + code + "}"); }).join(',')) + "]}")
}
}
function genScopedSlots (
slots,
state
) {
return ("scopedSlots:_u([" + (Object.keys(slots).map(function (key) {
return genScopedSlot(key, slots[key], state)
}).join(',')) + "])")
}
function genScopedSlot (
key,
el,
state
) {
if (el.for && !el.forProcessed) {
return genForScopedSlot(key, el, state)
}
return "{key:" + key + ",fn:function(" + (String(el.attrsMap.scope)) + "){" +
"return " + (el.tag === 'template'
? genChildren(el, state) || 'void 0'
: genElement(el, state)) + "}}"
}
function genForScopedSlot (
key,
el,
state
) {
var exp = el.for;
var alias = el.alias;
var iterator1 = el.iterator1 ? ("," + (el.iterator1)) : '';
var iterator2 = el.iterator2 ? ("," + (el.iterator2)) : '';
el.forProcessed = true; // avoid recursion
return "_l((" + exp + ")," +
"function(" + alias + iterator1 + iterator2 + "){" +
"return " + (genScopedSlot(key, el, state)) +
'})'
}
function genChildren (
el,
state,
checkSkip,
altGenElement,
altGenNode
) {
var children = el.children;
if (children.length) {
var el$1 = children[0];
// optimize single v-for
if (children.length === 1 &&
el$1.for &&
el$1.tag !== 'template' &&
el$1.tag !== 'slot'
) {
return (altGenElement || genElement)(el$1, state)
}
var normalizationType = checkSkip
? getNormalizationType(children, state.maybeComponent)
: 0;
var gen = altGenNode || genNode;
return ("[" + (children.map(function (c) { return gen(c, state); }).join(',')) + "]" + (normalizationType ? ("," + normalizationType) : ''))
}
}
// determine the normalization needed for the children array.
// 0: no normalization needed
// 1: simple normalization needed (possible 1-level deep nested array)
// 2: full normalization needed
function getNormalizationType (
children,
maybeComponent
) {
var res = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
var el = children[i];
if (el.type !== 1) {
continue
}
if (needsNormalization(el) ||
(el.ifConditions && el.ifConditions.some(function (c) { return needsNormalization(c.block); }))) {
res = 2;
break
}
if (maybeComponent(el) ||
(el.ifConditions && el.ifConditions.some(function (c) { return maybeComponent(c.block); }))) {
res = 1;
}
}
return res
}
function needsNormalization (el) {
return el.for !== undefined || el.tag === 'template' || el.tag === 'slot'
}
function genNode (node, state) {
if (node.type === 1) {
return genElement(node, state)
} if (node.type === 3 && node.isComment) {
return genComment(node)
} else {
return genText(node)
}
}
function genText (text) {
return ("_v(" + (text.type === 2
? text.expression // no need for () because already wrapped in _s()
: transformSpecialNewlines(JSON.stringify(text.text))) + ")")
}
function genComment (comment) {
return ("_e(" + (JSON.stringify(comment.text)) + ")")
}
function genSlot (el, state) {
var slotName = el.slotName || '"default"';
var children = genChildren(el, state);
var res = "_t(" + slotName + (children ? ("," + children) : '');
var attrs = el.attrs && ("{" + (el.attrs.map(function (a) { return ((camelize(a.name)) + ":" + (a.value)); }).join(',')) + "}");
var bind$$1 = el.attrsMap['v-bind'];
if ((attrs || bind$$1) && !children) {
res += ",null";
}
if (attrs) {
res += "," + attrs;
}
if (bind$$1) {
res += (attrs ? '' : ',null') + "," + bind$$1;
}
return res + ')'
}
// componentName is el.component, take it as argument to shun flow's pessimistic refinement
function genComponent (
componentName,
el,
state
) {
var children = el.inlineTemplate ? null : genChildren(el, state, true);
return ("_c(" + componentName + "," + (genData$2(el, state)) + (children ? ("," + children) : '') + ")")
}
function genProps (props) {
var res = '';
for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
var prop = props[i];
res += "\"" + (prop.name) + "\":" + (transformSpecialNewlines(prop.value)) + ",";
}
return res.slice(0, -1)
}
// #3895, #4268
function transformSpecialNewlines (text) {
return text
.replace(/\u2028/g, '\\u2028')
.replace(/\u2029/g, '\\u2029')
}
/* */
// these keywords should not appear inside expressions, but operators like
// typeof, instanceof and in are allowed
var prohibitedKeywordRE = new RegExp('\\b' + (
'do,if,for,let,new,try,var,case,else,with,await,break,catch,class,const,' +
'super,throw,while,yield,delete,export,import,return,switch,default,' +
'extends,finally,continue,debugger,function,arguments'
).split(',').join('\\b|\\b') + '\\b');
// these unary operators should not be used as property/method names
var unaryOperatorsRE = new RegExp('\\b' + (
'delete,typeof,void'
).split(',').join('\\s*\\([^\\)]*\\)|\\b') + '\\s*\\([^\\)]*\\)');
// check valid identifier for v-for
var identRE = /[A-Za-z_$][\w$]*/;
// strip strings in expressions
var stripStringRE = /'(?:[^'\\]|\\.)*'|"(?:[^"\\]|\\.)*"|`(?:[^`\\]|\\.)*\$\{|\}(?:[^`\\]|\\.)*`|`(?:[^`\\]|\\.)*`/g;
// detect problematic expressions in a template
function detectErrors (ast) {
var errors = [];
if (ast) {
checkNode(ast, errors);
}
return errors
}
function checkNode (node, errors) {
if (node.type === 1) {
for (var name in node.attrsMap) {
if (dirRE.test(name)) {
var value = node.attrsMap[name];
if (value) {
if (name === 'v-for') {
checkFor(node, ("v-for=\"" + value + "\""), errors);
} else if (onRE.test(name)) {
checkEvent(value, (name + "=\"" + value + "\""), errors);
} else {
checkExpression(value, (name + "=\"" + value + "\""), errors);
}
}
}
}
if (node.children) {
for (var i = 0; i < node.children.length; i++) {
checkNode(node.children[i], errors);
}
}
} else if (node.type === 2) {
checkExpression(node.expression, node.text, errors);
}
}
function checkEvent (exp, text, errors) {
var stipped = exp.replace(stripStringRE, '');
var keywordMatch = stipped.match(unaryOperatorsRE);
if (keywordMatch && stipped.charAt(keywordMatch.index - 1) !== '$') {
errors.push(
"avoid using JavaScript unary operator as property name: " +
"\"" + (keywordMatch[0]) + "\" in expression " + (text.trim())
);
}
checkExpression(exp, text, errors);
}
function checkFor (node, text, errors) {
checkExpression(node.for || '', text, errors);
checkIdentifier(node.alias, 'v-for alias', text, errors);
checkIdentifier(node.iterator1, 'v-for iterator', text, errors);
checkIdentifier(node.iterator2, 'v-for iterator', text, errors);
}
function checkIdentifier (ident, type, text, errors) {
if (typeof ident === 'string' && !identRE.test(ident)) {
errors.push(("invalid " + type + " \"" + ident + "\" in expression: " + (text.trim())));
}
}
function checkExpression (exp, text, errors) {
try {
new Function(("return " + exp));
} catch (e) {
var keywordMatch = exp.replace(stripStringRE, '').match(prohibitedKeywordRE);
if (keywordMatch) {
errors.push(
"avoid using JavaScript keyword as property name: " +
"\"" + (keywordMatch[0]) + "\" in expression " + (text.trim())
);
} else {
errors.push(("invalid expression: " + (text.trim())));
}
}
}
/* */
function createFunction (code, errors) {
try {
return new Function(code)
} catch (err) {
errors.push({ err: err, code: code });
return noop
}
}
function createCompileToFunctionFn (compile) {
var cache = Object.create(null);
return function compileToFunctions (
template,
options,
vm
) {
options = options || {};
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (true) {
// detect possible CSP restriction
try {
new Function('return 1');
} catch (e) {
if (e.toString().match(/unsafe-eval|CSP/)) {
warn(
'It seems you are using the standalone build of Vue.js in an ' +
'environment with Content Security Policy that prohibits unsafe-eval. ' +
'The template compiler cannot work in this environment. Consider ' +
'relaxing the policy to allow unsafe-eval or pre-compiling your ' +
'templates into render functions.'
);
}
}
}
// check cache
var key = options.delimiters
? String(options.delimiters) + template
: template;
if (cache[key]) {
return cache[key]
}
// compile
var compiled = compile(template, options);
// check compilation errors/tips
if (true) {
if (compiled.errors && compiled.errors.length) {
warn(
"Error compiling template:\n\n" + template + "\n\n" +
compiled.errors.map(function (e) { return ("- " + e); }).join('\n') + '\n',
vm
);
}
if (compiled.tips && compiled.tips.length) {
compiled.tips.forEach(function (msg) { return tip(msg, vm); });
}
}
// turn code into functions
var res = {};
var fnGenErrors = [];
res.render = createFunction(compiled.render, fnGenErrors);
res.staticRenderFns = compiled.staticRenderFns.map(function (code) {
return createFunction(code, fnGenErrors)
});
// check function generation errors.
// this should only happen if there is a bug in the compiler itself.
// mostly for codegen development use
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (true) {
if ((!compiled.errors || !compiled.errors.length) && fnGenErrors.length) {
warn(
"Failed to generate render function:\n\n" +
fnGenErrors.map(function (ref) {
var err = ref.err;
var code = ref.code;
return ((err.toString()) + " in\n\n" + code + "\n");
}).join('\n'),
vm
);
}
}
return (cache[key] = res)
}
}
/* */
function createCompilerCreator (baseCompile) {
return function createCompiler (baseOptions) {
function compile (
template,
options
) {
var finalOptions = Object.create(baseOptions);
var errors = [];
var tips = [];
finalOptions.warn = function (msg, tip) {
(tip ? tips : errors).push(msg);
};
if (options) {
// merge custom modules
if (options.modules) {
finalOptions.modules =
(baseOptions.modules || []).concat(options.modules);
}
// merge custom directives
if (options.directives) {
finalOptions.directives = extend(
Object.create(baseOptions.directives),
options.directives
);
}
// copy other options
for (var key in options) {
if (key !== 'modules' && key !== 'directives') {
finalOptions[key] = options[key];
}
}
}
var compiled = baseCompile(template, finalOptions);
if (true) {
errors.push.apply(errors, detectErrors(compiled.ast));
}
compiled.errors = errors;
compiled.tips = tips;
return compiled
}
return {
compile: compile,
compileToFunctions: createCompileToFunctionFn(compile)
}
}
}
/* */
// `createCompilerCreator` allows creating compilers that use alternative
// parser/optimizer/codegen, e.g the SSR optimizing compiler.
// Here we just export a default compiler using the default parts.
var createCompiler = createCompilerCreator(function baseCompile (
template,
options
) {
var ast = parse(template.trim(), options);
optimize(ast, options);
var code = generate(ast, options);
return {
ast: ast,
render: code.render,
staticRenderFns: code.staticRenderFns
}
});
/* */
var ref$1 = createCompiler(baseOptions);
var compileToFunctions = ref$1.compileToFunctions;
/* */
var idToTemplate = cached(function (id) {
var el = query(id);
return el && el.innerHTML
});
var mount = Vue$3.prototype.$mount;
Vue$3.prototype.$mount = function (
el,
hydrating
) {
el = el && query(el);
/* istanbul ignore if */
if (el === document.body || el === document.documentElement) {
"development" !== 'production' && warn(
"Do not mount Vue to <html> or <body> - mount to normal elements instead."
);
return this
}
var options = this.$options;
// resolve template/el and convert to render function
if (!options.render) {
var template = options.template;
if (template) {
if (typeof template === 'string') {
if (template.charAt(0) === '#') {
template = idToTemplate(template);
/* istanbul ignore if */
if ("development" !== 'production' && !template) {
warn(
("Template element not found or is empty: " + (options.template)),
this
);
}
}
} else if (template.nodeType) {
template = template.innerHTML;
} else {
if (true) {
warn('invalid template option:' + template, this);
}
return this
}
} else if (el) {
template = getOuterHTML(el);
}
if (template) {
/* istanbul ignore if */
if ("development" !== 'production' && config.performance && mark) {
mark('compile');
}
var ref = compileToFunctions(template, {
shouldDecodeNewlines: shouldDecodeNewlines,
delimiters: options.delimiters,
comments: options.comments
}, this);
var render = ref.render;
var staticRenderFns = ref.staticRenderFns;
options.render = render;
options.staticRenderFns = staticRenderFns;
/* istanbul ignore if */
if ("development" !== 'production' && config.performance && mark) {
mark('compile end');
measure(((this._name) + " compile"), 'compile', 'compile end');
}
}
}
return mount.call(this, el, hydrating)
};
/**
* Get outerHTML of elements, taking care
* of SVG elements in IE as well.
*/
function getOuterHTML (el) {
if (el.outerHTML) {
return el.outerHTML
} else {
var container = document.createElement('div');
container.appendChild(el.cloneNode(true));
return container.innerHTML
}
}
Vue$3.compile = compileToFunctions;
module.exports = Vue$3;
/* WEBPACK VAR INJECTION */}.call(exports, __webpack_require__(2)))
/***/ })
},[41]); | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
} |
METAIRIE, La. (AP) — The New Orleans Saints have placed P.J. Williams on injured reserve, three days after the cornerback absorbed a hard hit to the head during Sunday's loss to the New York Giants.
Williams, whose designation was posted on the NFL's transactions listings Wednesday, took a knee to the helmet in a collision with Giants tight end Larry Donnell.
Williams was able to move his extremities, but was immobilized, carted off the field and taken to a hospital.
On Monday, Saints coach Sean Payton said Williams had a concussion, but otherwise called the cornerback's prognosis "real encouraging."
Williams, a 2015 third-round draft choice, spent his entire rookie season on injured reserve with a hamstring injury. Now his second season has ended after two games.
The Saints have added offensive tackle Tony Hills to their active roster. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Skull and human remains found on Eastern Cape beach
08 October 2019 - 06:42 By IAVAN PIJOOS
Police were called to the scene, where they discovered more remains.
Image: iStock
A skull and other human remains were found at Boknes Beach in the Eastern Cape at the weekend, police said on Tuesday.
Police spokesperson Capt Mali Govender said the discovery was made on Sunday by a family who was on holiday in the small seaside town.
"One of the family members was walking along the beach, close to the lagoon, when he came across what he initially thought was a round stone. He started to dig around and discovered that it was the skull of a human being," Govender said.
Govender said the bones would be sent to the department of health's forensics section.
An inquest docket has been opened for investigation.
"According to our records, no person has been reported missing in the area. Detectives are trying to establish the identity of the victim."
Skull and bones of child found in open field in Port Elizabeth
The decomposed body of a child was found in an open field in Malabar, Port Elizabeth, on Sunday | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
To setup integration with Instagram and allow customers to select and use pictures from their Instagram accounts you need to first have an Instagram account that you will use to create and manage the application.
Now you have created the application it will provide you with a Client ID and Client Secret. You need to take the Client ID and use it to configure the plugin in Catfish Admin here: Catfish > Media > Media Album Settings : under Installed Image Plugins check the Instagram checkbox and paste in the Client ID into the corresponding text box. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Lifestyle / Entertainment
Kim Kardashian West meets with death row inmate
by The Sunday Post
© Frazer Harrison/Getty Images
Kim Kardashian West has described the moment a death row inmate, whose case she has championed, received a stay of execution.
Kardashian West, a reality TV star who is studying for a career in law, believes there is "substantial evidence" that would exonerate murder accused Rodney Reed.
Reed, 51, was facing death by lethal injection on Wednesday for the 1996 killing of a 19-year-old woman.
Following a high-profile campaign featuring celebrities including Beyonce and Oprah Winfrey to have his case reexamined, Texas's top criminal appeals court halted the execution.
Kardashian West revealed she was with Reed when the decision was announced and described the moment he discovered the news.
She tweeted: "Today, I had the honour of meeting #RodneyReed in person and the privilege of sitting with him when he got the news that the highest court in Texas had issued a stay of execution and remanded the case back to the trial court for further consideration.
"Words cannot describe the relief and hope that swept over the room in that moment.
"We have seen Democrats and Republicans come together. We have seen grassroots activists and lawmakers link arms."
Romanian man jailed for life for 2013 murder of house-sitter | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
This entry was posted in General Articles C, Web & Cloud and tagged 2018June29WebandCloud_C, Content, image size, instant gratification, loading time, personalization, Web. Bookmark the permalink. Both comments and trackbacks are currently closed. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Capital budgeting the term refers to- 'Capital' which implies the fixed assets and 'Budget' which implies the planning of the expenses. Capital budgeting is the process of evaluating, contemplating and determining large amount of expenses that are potential. Such expenditures are often the investment made in long term ventures, purchase of a new vehicle for the use of company or factory, purchase of new machinery and equipment, building of a new plant and many more. The future accounting profit of any project is calculated and estimated by capital budget. Capital budgeting also maximizes the chances of a company's future profits. The management of any company uses capital budgeting as the means of predicting which project would yield the most profit within an expected time. When any new machinery is purchased it is considered to be a capital asset.
The capital budgeting is also referred to as the process in which a firm makes its decisions regarding the buying of major fixed assets. The firms decide on investing on the modification, displacement, addition and disposition of those fixed assets. Students who are pursuing capital budgeting go through a lot of difficulties in getting through their academic years since capital budgeting needs a lot of hard work and many hours of study. Hence, they look for capital budgeting assignment help and capital budgeting homework help online.
What are Capital Budgeting Decisions and the kinds of capital Budgeting Decisions?
Capital budgeting operates using many processes such as evaluation, selection, generation and the following of the alternatives of capital expenditure. There are three kinds of capital budgeting decisions, accept-reject decision, mutually exclusive project decision and capital rationing decision.
Accept-reject decision- The first out of the three kinds of capital budgeting is the Accept-reject decision. The investment decisions which generate more return than the capital cost are always acceptable whereas the decisions of investment which generate less return than the capital cost are rejected. Hence, the firms make investments only if the decisions are acceptable.
Mutually Exclusive Project Decision- The second out of the three kinds of capital budgeting is the mutually exclusive project decision. This type of decision competes with each other which imply that when one alternative is accepted, another is automatically rejected.
Capital Rationing Decision- The third out of the three kinds of capital budgeting refers to the process of keeping restrictions to the amount of new projects or investments that the company has undertaken.
What is the importance of Capital Budgeting?
For knowing what is capital budgeting one needs to understand the importance of capital budgeting simultaneously. As discussed earlier, capital budgeting is the process that works step by step and is used by companies to conclude or determine the advantages of any investment project. Capital budgeting is also the way of creating measurability and accountability. A company which is investing its resources in a particular project must have an idea of the returns and risks involved in it. The capital budget process works to determine the financial profitability of any project or investment in the long run.
The importance of capital budgeting also helps in looking after various aspects such as seeking new projects to invest their resources on, generate new goals which will work in the betterment of the company, approximate the calculation of cash flows, create decisions, control and monitor expenditures and a lot of other aspects.
What are the different Capital budgeting techniques?
There are various Capital Budgeting techniques that are used by businesses, but the most useful of all are the Payback Period Method and the APR method (Accounting rate of return method).
The payback period refers to the period of time that is required in order to regain the cost of an investment. The payback period method is among the most simple methods for the common people to understand who do not have even the basic idea of this field. The method of payback period is usually expressed in years which imply the period of time in years that is taken for paying back the initial investment of a capital project.
ARR method stands for Accounting rate of return. The amount of profit that is expected by an individual based on the investment that he or she has made. Simple rate of return is another name for the Accounting rate of return. Calculation of Accounting rate of return is made through the division of the initial investment of a project by average annual accounting profit.
What are the problems in Capital Budgeting?
Time Element- The problem of time element refers to occurrence of cost and benefit of a decision at different points of time. It requires to be adjustable for time value of money in order to be comparable. The chances of uncertainty increases when the time period is longer.
Future Uncertainty- The capital budgeting decisions are long term which means they are uncertain. An accurate forecast is not possible even after special efforts and hard work. The uncertainty takes place relating to various factors such as demand in the future, cost of the project, competition and many more.
What are the different capital budget processes?
As discussed earlier, capital budgeting is the process that is used by companies to evaluate, calculate or estimate the potential expenditures that are of a huge significance in terms of the amount.
Project screening and evaluation- The project screening and evaluation process refers to the selection of the correct criteria that is required to judge the value of any proposal. This method of the capital budget process has to match the objective of the firms so that the market value can be escalated.
Project Selection- Since different businesses have different requirements hence, there is not a defined method. Therefore, the approval of a project has to be done that is based on the criteria of the selection and the screening process that is meant for every firm.
Project identification and generation- The project identification and generation is the most important capital budget process. This process helps generating proposal for investments since there can be different and various reasons and considerations in a business for taking up investments.
What are the limitations of Capital Budgeting?
Capital budgeting determines the every possible positive sides and merits of an investment, although there are several limitations in the capital budgeting as well like the cash flow, time horizon, time value, discount rates and others due to which companies do not always succeed in making good decisions.
Students pursuing capital budgeting very often find difficulties in getting through their tasks that are assigned by their teachers or professors. Hence, they look for capital budgeting assignment help and capital budgeting homework help from various sources. NeedAssignmentHelp is the best source among all as it has writers who are with PhD and master's degree.
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Need the best quality capital budgeting help? Visit NeedAssignmentHelp. | {
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QuestBridge is pleased to offer the Amherst College telementoring award in partnership with Amherst College, which is consistently ranked as one of the top colleges in the nation. College Prep Scholars selected for telementoring will be contacted by Amherst College directly about being paired with an Amherst College student, who will advise them by phone and e-mail about the college admissions process.
The Amherst student telementors are high-achieving low-income students themselves, and many are among the first in their family to attend college. Having recently navigated the college admissions process, these students can offer insight and practical know-how for navigating the process of getting into a selective college.
What to look for in a college and how to choose the right one.
Filling out college applications and writing application essays.
How to approach the financial aid process.
Academic and social life as a low-income student at a highly selective college. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
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In the game, you can see the style and concept having a resemblance to the Pokemon games; i.e., collect various Mortys and assemble a team that will battle the rival group composed of Ricks. You can also battle Mortys against other Mortys.
Rick and Morty: Pocket Mortys features a third-person overhead view with three basic screens: for the main character's navigation, for the battle screen, and for the menu interface. Are you ready to explore the multiverse? Search for Mortys in Rick and Morty: Pocket Mortys.
Join Ricks as he searches the multiverse for bizarre members to recruit into his team. In this game, the gang is swept by the latest craze. They are obsessed with the idea of going through each multiverse to recruit bizarre Mortys. The goal is to train all these versions and assemble a team to rival a group composed of Ricks.
Let the army build and gather. Get ready to Pocket Mortys combine and command the Mortys and prove once and for all that you are the greatest Morty trainer. Here are some of the top game features of Rick and Morty: Pocket Mortys recipe.
Rick and Morty: Pocket Mortys quests is based on the hit cartoon Rick and Morty. Follow Rick as he explores the various multiverses in search of many Mortys and builds an army that will battle his evil doppelganger and a flock of Ricks.
Journey through these dimensions and recruit Mustache Morty, Cronenberg Morty, Wizard Morty, and more. Defeat the Ricks and save Morty's existence in a battle of doubles versus doubles.
This action-packed game follows an old-school Nintendo-style keypad to control your character, directing it to move around a perfectly controlled map. In addition to battling against the Ricks, you can also fight other Mortys to reveal the greatest and strongest Morty in the bunch.
Progress through each stage before finally meeting a Boss Rick. If you defeat him, you earn a badge that lets you level up and fight the Council of Ricks.
Rick and Morty: Pocket Mortys also features similarities with the Pokemon game where you catch and collect certain characters then train them for combat. However, this free PC game offers a humorous and intelligent twist to the game style and concept.
There are more than 70 different Mortys to catch and recruit in Rick and Morty: Pocket Mortys. Be sure to include all of them in your collection.
Got stuck in the game? Do you need Pocket Mortys cheats, tips and tricks to move forward and finally meet the evil boss? We offer these simple pointers to give you a clue on how to proceed in Rick and Morty: Pocket Mortys.
Why limit yourself to a handful of Mortys? If you are just starting out in the game, focus on finding as many as you can. Build your collection to include all types of Mortys. That way, you can battle it out with whatever type of evil Morty you will face. As they say, be the jack of all trades. Bag them all. However, make sure to upgrade their skills and attributes.
Do not worry if you lost a battle or have a Morty dazed out. After all, there is no penalty when either of the two happens. However, it can be a good strategy to switch each Morty in and out for different abilities or characteristics.
But if you capture two or more Mortys of the same features, you can combine them to create a more powerful evolution. For instance, if you have two Mortys with a mustache, merge them to get a bearded Morty. And if you add another mustache Morty to the bearded one, you can create a hipster, Morty. Experiment with the Mortys you have on hand and see surprising results.
Download Rick and Morty: Pocket Mortys recipe free and enjoy this amazing game. You can also get some more hilarious Simulation Games that'll keep you entertained for hours, such as The Battle Cats and Chichens!
your Rick and Morty: Pocket Mortys installation. | {
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Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Cocos-Keeling Islands and the South China Sea to the Gilbert Islands, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to the southern Great Barrier Reef and New Caledonia (Ref. 37816).
Table 4: Reported from 19 countries/islands. | {
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} |
Mobile Device Management - for Android, Windows 7, iPhone, iPad & iPod Touch!
When it comes to mobile device management you have options. You can either purchase the mobile device management tools from us and maintain it on your our equipment, or use the YFI Software-as-a-Service cloud solution. Now all you need is an internet connection to manage your devices, we handle the rest.
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We are capable of reporting on a wealth of device information including live device status, network connection, security policy compliance, and applications.
YFI can deploy encrypted configurations to customize device settings and enforce corporate security policies & restrictions.
Configure MS Exchange for secure sync of email, calendar, and contacts. Customize WiFi, VPN, APN, and password settings to maintain secure connections. Restrict Safari, YouTube, applications, and others to ensure device security and user productivity.
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Find where field workers are active or where lost and stolen devices are in real time. Store and report on coordinate information for review.
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Optimize help desk communication with a convenient 2-way chat utility. Device users and administrators can exchange clear text messages quickly in a live display. | {
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12:30 – 1:30 Open Classrooms – Tour Ventana School classrooms and see the beautiful Reggio environments and project based learning.
How does the environment support individual and group experiences?
How can the function of an atelier be incorporated into the classroom?
What are the organizational considerations?
How are materials introduced into the classroom?
How do the materials we fill our classrooms with and the curriculum we follow support our children?
How can our environment be a source for inspiration, creativity and long-term projects?
Patricia Hunter McGrath is the Executive Director/Atelierista of Branches Atelier in Culver City, California. Patricia has taught the Reggio Emilia Class at Santa Monica College and at Murdoch University in Perth, Australia. She is a frequent presenter at Reggio conferences throughout the United States and abroad and has visited Reggio Emilia, Italy six times. She is also a contributing author of the book In the Spirit of the Atelier published by Davis Press and Insights and Inspiration from Reggio Emilia also published by Davis Press.
Ticket Sales: Tickets are limited to 30 participants!
This entry was posted in Workshops and tagged Branches, Branches Atelier, Patricia Hunter-McGrath, Patricia Mcgrath, Reggio, Reggio Emilia, Reggio workshops. Bookmark the permalink. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Since the beginning of 2012, for one of our clients with a big news website, we recognized a drastic increase in website traffic without an accompanying increase in ad impressions. Under normal conditions, an increase in traffic would be a positive sign; however, in this case it was caused by end user software that turned normal web users into aggressive web crawlers. This essentially created an accidental but consistent distributed DoS (denial of service) attack.
Here, we explain how we identified the cause and mitigated its effects.
This is strange because Firefox 3.0.10 is a very old (more or less extinct) browser version. Looking closer at the traffic patterns, we came to the conclusion that the traffic was not coming from real website visitors but from a web crawler. We shared our findings on serverfault.com and found a few other website owners having exactly the same strange traffic patterns on their websites. The source IP addresses were distributed around the world. Tracing back the IP addresses mainly revealed Internet end users, which is uncommon for a normal web crawler. At that point, we were not able to identify the root cause, so we decided to block all requests coming from that specific user agent string.
The following graph shows the traffic for one day in May 2012. There were over 20 Million page views with a peak of over 2000 requests per second.
For that day you can see that the majority (~82%) of page requests got blocked because they used that specific user agent string.
The following graphs shows how blocking the crawler became less effective.
Luckily, this unique user agent string also pointed us to the root cause: Genieo. Genieo provides a software product for Windows and Mac computers. In short, it builds a personalized homepage containing recent news headlines. When installed, it runs in the background and constantly browses the Internet for news that you might be interested in. Basically, it runs a web crawler on your computer that connects to news websites directly. You can use the "systray" icon to stop the background browsing / crawling.
Currently, the web traffic caused by Genieo is very high because every single computer that has the Genieo software installed is busy crawling the Internet at a high rate. The Genieo product looks interesting and could potentially drive some real visitors to news websites. It is also obviously a useful product to have developed a user base. However, the rate of crawling and the resulting extra bandwidth costs forced us to make the unfortunate decision to block Genieo again.
We contacted Genieo and they told us that a recent updated did reduce the amount of web traffic caused by their software. They are aware of the issue, and have planned future improvements that will reduce the amount even more. We can already confirm that traffic from Genieo has dropped.
We shared our results with Genieo and they have promised to fix the user agent string soon. We'll update this blog post as soon as Genieo has implemented changes. | {
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Q: Navigation in a Lightbox2 doesn't work well on older IE versions (IE10 and lower) Navigation in a custom Lightbox2 is only clickable if I enter the element vertically, not horizontally. This only occurs on IE8 and lower.
The element that gets the focus if I enter the navigation horizontal is the "
I tried to fix this with z-index, but it didn't work
CSS
/* line 63, ../sass/lightbox.sass */
.lb-nav {
position: absolute;
top: 0px;
left: 0;
height: 100%;
width: 100%;
z-index: 10;
margin-bottom: -150px;
}
/* line 71, ../sass/lightbox.sass */
.lb-container > .nav {
left: 0;
}
/* line 74, ../sass/lightbox.sass */
.lb-nav a {
outline: none;
}
/* line 77, ../sass/lightbox.sass */
.lb-prev, .lb-next {
width: 40%;
height: 100%;
cursor: pointer;
z-index: 20;
/* Trick IE into showing hover */
display: block;
}
/* line 84, ../sass/lightbox.sass */
.lb-prev {
margin-left: 30px;
left: 0;
float: left;
}
/* line 87, ../sass/lightbox.sass */
.lb-prev:hover {
background: url("../images/lightbox/links-blauw.png") left 48% no-repeat;
}
/* line 90, ../sass/lightbox.sass */
.lb-next {
margin-right: 30px;
right: 0;
float: right;
}
/* line 93, ../sass/lightbox.sass */
.lb-next:hover {
background: url("../images/lightbox/rechts-blauw.png") right 48% no-repeat;
}
HTML (appended in lightbox JS)
<div id='lightboxOverlay' class='lightboxOverlay'></div>
<div id='lightbox' class='lightbox'>
<div class='lb-outerContainer'>
<div class='lb-container'><img class='lb-image' src='' />
<div class='lb-nav'>
<div class='lb-closeContainer'>
Venster sluiten <a class='lb-close'> </a>
</div><a class='lb-prev' href='' ></a><a class='lb-next' href='' ></a>
</div>
<div class='lb-loader'>
<a class='lb-cancel'></a>
</div>
</div>
<div class='lb-dataContainer'>
<div class='lb-data'>
<div class='lb-details'>
<span class='lb-caption'></span><span class='lb-number'></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
A: You have to add a transparent background image to the lb-prev and lb-next containers, so they can trigger the hover.
.lb-prev, .lb-next {
width: 49%;
height: 100%;
cursor: pointer;
/* Trick IE into showing hover */
display: block;
z-index:101;
position:relative;
background-image:url(data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw== );
}
| {
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} |
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Cyptonychia pseudovarra är en fjärilsart som beskrevs av Dyar 1925. Cyptonychia pseudovarra ingår i släktet Cyptonychia och familjen nattflyn. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.
Källor
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pseudovarra | {
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} |
Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows 7 SP1 Resources and Information.
by markparris.In Active Directory, Microsoft, Windows, Windows Server.Leave a Comment on Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows 7 SP1 Resources and Information.
Wednesday evening (16th February) saw the release to TechNet and MSDN, the RTM binaries for Service Pack 1. Next week (February 22nd) will see the general availabilty of Service Pack 1.
Information that is relevant to Service Pack 1 is documented below.
(757 Hotfixes and 39 Security updates).
The Windows Automated Installation Kit (AIK) for Windows 7 SP1 (This is an incremental update to the WAIK).
Previous Previous post: Windows Virtual PC–Refresh download available. | {
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} |
Danny DeVito Buys 'Taxi' Reprieve With 'SNL' Stunt
If television executives have learned one thing (and it's far from certain that they have) it's not to piss off Danny DeVito.
The TV veteran has never been afraid of biting the hands that have gingerly fed him during his time on such classic series as It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia or Taxi. The diminutive but garrulous DeVito has made a career out of playing irascible, irresponsible loudmouths, mirroring the acclaimed actor and director's willingness to take a snarky stand for something he believes in.
Just ask ABC, which found itself in the crosshairs of DeVito on his Season 7 hosting stint on Saturday Night Live. DeVito, then famous for playing unscrupulous taxi dispatcher Louie DePalma on ABC's Taxi, had been booked to host the May 15, 1982, episode of SNL, which just so happened to fall 11 days after Taxi creator and fellow TV legend James L. Brooks was told by Anthony D. Thomopoulos, president of ABC Entertainment, that the ratings-challenged Taxi's just-concluded fourth season would be its last.
DeVito asked SNL producer Dick Ebersol if he could use his monologue to do a little Louie-esque venting. Ebersol, to his credit, not only allowed that but went a few steps further in skewering rival ABC for canceling one of the best and most intelligent sitcoms in TV history — including airing one filmed sketch so literally explosive that it's been edited out of the Peacock version of the episode available now.
Watch Danny DeVito in a 1982 Episode of 'Saturday Night Live'
Kicking off his monologue, DeVito gets a shower of boos by announcing Taxi's cancellation, putting a biting emphasis on the network that had done the deed. "That's the American Broadcasting Company," DeVito stressed to a new wave of sympathetic New York hostility. "A … B … C." DeVito then produced a letter he claimed had been written to him by his Italian immigrant mother, reading, in part, "You have been besmirched by men so shallow that they do not know the depths to which their deeds have taken them," with Mrs. DeVito purportedly concluding, "May God forgive them, but of course, we understand if He does not."
But DeVito had an even bigger surprise for the SNL audience, as, lamenting the fact that the cast and crew were robbed of a proper "final bow" when filming what turned out to be their last episode, DeVito welcomed all of his Taxi costars alongside him in Studio 8H. One by one, DeVito brought out Andy Kaufman, Christopher Lloyd, Marilu Henner, Tony Danza and Judd Hirsch to rapturous applause and a standing ovation from the crowd. (Longtime regular Jeff Conaway was not in attendance, having been let go from the show in response to the substance-abuse issues that would plague him until he died in 2011.) Frequent Saturday Night Live provocateur Kaufman, it should be noted, sports the neck brace he wore following his recent worked-shoot wrestling match against Jerry "The King" Lawler, an infamous stunt played up throughout the night's episode.
It's playful (Hirsch sweeps DeVito into an embrace at the end), with just the right edge of "screw-you" to ABC. But that was nothing compared to the first sketch following the monologue, a filmed piece set to Taxi's melancholy instrumental theme song ("Angela" by Bob James), which sees DeVito's DePalma riding a cab to the ABC building — and blowing it up via remote detonator.
A joke about somebody destroying a very real New York City skyscraper doesn't play in a post-9/11 TV landscape, so the 51-minute Peacock version of DeVito's episode omits the sketch. (Two performances by the band Sparks were also cut, because of music-licensing issues.) Still, with DeVito striking a victory pose at the sound of ABC's headquarters crumbling to dust, the destruction at least seems in line with Louie DePalma's MO.
ABC still had one more blow coming its way: During the goodnights, DePalma brings out his actual mother, Julia. An Italian immigrant, Mrs. DeVito, shorter even than Danny and defiantly smoking a cigarette, is asked if she has another message for the people who put her son out of a job. Indeed she does, as Mrs. DeVito spits out a series of Italian curses (the words "ciucca" and "stupida" are in there for sure), while the mixed and assembled Taxi and Saturday Night Live cast members cheer in delight. Fellow Italian Danza even puts his hand over his mouth in shock before leaning in for a kiss.
Watch a 1982 Promo for Danny DeVito's 'Saturday Night Live' Appearance
Little did ABC know that its public humiliation was just beginning. Following DeVito's episode, NBC would pick up Taxi for its fifth and final season in 1983. Even then, however, the blue-collar cabbies of the Sunshine Cab Company couldn't catch a break. While the fifth-season order did put the series over the 100-episode mark that was then necessary for the show to be sold to syndication, NBC, too, canceled the series at the end of that season.
Perhaps taking a cue from DeVito's gleefully spiteful example, Hirsch, after winning his second Emmy as Taxi's longest-suffering driver Alex Reiger, mocked NBC president Grant Tinker who was sitting in the Emmy audience. (In addition to Hirsch, Taxi costars Lloyd and Carole Kane also took home Emmys on the night.) "We're ready, Grant, we're ready, whenever you want to put us back on," taunted Hirsch, proving, as DeVito did before him, you don't cross even a fictional New York cabbie, and then give him a live mic.
Rock's 60 Biggest 'Saturday Night Live' Performances | {
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Buxton Highton is centrally located within the prestigious and rapidly growing 3216 postcode district in Geelong's outer west – a leafy, up-market enclave of predominantly large family homes.
Located by the southern banks of the beautiful Barwon River, the highly desirable 3216 district is often compared to the coveted Melbourne suburbs of Armadale and Malvern.
Taking in the suburbs of Highton, Grovedale, Wandana Heights, Belmont, Marshall and Waurn Ponds – the Highton region offers fabulous riverside parks, schools, sporting facilities, shopping and amenities, all just a 10-minute drive away from Corio Bay; making it a wonderful, family lifestyle choice.
Buxton Highton offers an energetic and dedicated team of local real estate experts, who work in tandem with the Buxton Newtown office to provide superlative, high-quality service, marketing and specialist expertise. | {
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} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Mobile ad-hoc networking has presented many challenges to the research community,
especially in designing suitable, efficient, and well performing protocols.
The practical analysis and validation of such protocols often depends on
synthetic data, generated by some mobility model. The model has the goal of
simulating real life scenarios~\cite{camp02wcmc} that can be used to tune
networking protocols and to evaluate their performance. A lot of work has been
done in designing realistic mobility models. Till a few years ago, the model of
choice in academic research was the random way point mobility model
(RWP)~\cite{rwp}, simple and very efficient to use in simulations.
Recently, with the aim of understanding human mobility~\cite{toronto, hui05,
hui06, milan07, UCAM-CL-TR-617}, many researchers have performed
real-life experiments by distributing wireless devices to people. From the data
gathered during the experiments, they have observed the typical distribution of
metrics such as inter-contact time (time interval between two successive
contacts of the same people) and contact duration. Inter-contact time, which
corresponds to how often people see each other, characterizes the opportunities
of packet forwarding between nodes. Contact duration, which limits the duration
of each meeting between people in mobile networks, limits the amount of data
that can be transferred.
In~\cite{hui05, hui06}, the authors show that the distribution of
inter-contact time is a power-law. Later, in~\cite{milan07}, it has been
observed that the distribution of inter-contact time is best described as a
power law in a first interval on the time scale (12 hours, in the experiments
under analysis), then truncated by an exponential cut-off. Conversely,
\cite{cai07mobicom} proves that RWP yields exponential inter-contact time
distribution. Therefore, it has been established clearly that models like RWP
are not good to simulate human mobility, raising the need of new, more realistic
mobility models for mobile ad-hoc networking.
In this paper we present small world in motion (SWIM), a simple mobility model that generates small worlds. The model is very simple to implement and very efficient in simulations. The mobility pattern of the nodes is based on a simple intuition on human mobility: People go more often to places not very far from their home and where they can meet a lot of other people. By implementing this simple rule, SWIM is able to raise social behavior among nodes, which we believe to be the base of human mobility in real life.
We validate our model using real traces and compare the distribution of inter-contact time, contact duration and number of contact distributions between nodes, showing that synthetic data that we generate match very well real data traces.
Furthermore, we show that SWIM can predict well the performance of forwarding protocols. We compare the performance of two forwarding protocols---epidemic forwarding~\cite{vahdat00epidemic} and (a simplified version of) delegation forwarding~\cite{dfw08}---on both real traces and synthetic traces generated with SWIM. The performance of the two protocols on the synthetic traces accurately approximates their performance on real traces, supporting the claim that SWIM is an excellent model for human mobility.
The rest of the paper is organized as follows: Section~\ref{sec:relatedwork} briefly reports on current work in the field; in Section~\ref{sec:solution} we present the details of SWIM and we prove theoretically that the distribution of inter-contact time in SWIM has an exponential tail, as recently observed in real life experiments; Section~\ref{sec:experiments} compares synthetic data traces to real traces and shows that the distribution of inter-contact time has a head that decays as a power law, again like in real experiments;
in Section~\ref{sec:forwarding} we show our experimental results on the behavior of two forwarding protocols on both synthetic and real traces; lastly, Section~\ref{sec:conclusions} present some concluding remarks.
\section{Related work}
\label{sec:relatedwork}
The mobility model recently presented in~\cite{levy} generates movement traces
using a model which is similar to a random walk, except that the flight lengths
and the pause times in destinations are generated based on Levy Walks, so with
power law distribution. In the past, Levy Walks have been shown to approximate
well the movements of animals. The model produces inter-contact time
distributions similar to real world traces. However, since every node moves
independently, the model does not capture any social behavior between nodes.
In~\cite{musolesi07}, the authors present a mobility model based on social
network theory which takes in input a social network and discuss the community
patterns and groups distribution in geographical terms. They validate their
synthetic data with real traces and show a good matching between them.
The work in \cite{LCA-CONF-2008-049} presents a new mobility model for clustered networks. Moreover, a closed-form expression for the stationary distribution of node position is given. The model captures the phenomenon of emerging clusters, observed in real partitioned networks, and correlation between the spatial speed distribution and the cluster formation.
In~\cite{workingDay}, the authors present a mobility model that simulates the every day life of people that go to their work-places in the morning, spend their day at work and go back to their homes at evenings. Each one of this scenarios is a simulation per se. The synthetic data they generate match well the distribution of inter-contact time and contact durations of real traces.
In a very recent work, Barabasi et al.~\cite{barabasi08} study the trajectory of
a very large (100,000) number of anonymized mobile phone users whose position is
tracked for a six-months period. They observe that human trajectories show a
high degree of temporal and spatial regularity, each individual being
characterized by a time independent characteristic travel distance and a
significant probability to return to a few highly frequented locations. They
also show that the probability density function of individual travel distances
are heavy tailed and also are different for different groups of users and
similar inside each group. Furthermore, they plot also the frequency of visiting
different locations and show that it is well approximated by a power law. All
these observations are in contrast with the random trajectories predicted by
Levy flight and random walk models, and support the intuition behind SWIM.
\section{Small World in Motion}
\label{sec:solution}
We believe that a good mobility model should
\begin{enumerate}
\item be simple; and
\item predict well the performance of networking protocols on real mobile
networks.
\end{enumerate}
We can't overestimate the importance of having a \emph{simple} model. A simple
model is easier to understand, can be useful to distill the fundamental
ingredients of ``human'' mobility, can be easier to implement, easier to tune
(just one or few parameters), and can be useful to support theoretical work. We
are also looking for a model that generates traces with the same statistical
properties that real traces have. Statistical distribution of inter-contact time
and number of contacts, among others, are useful to characterize the behavior of
a mobile network. A model that generates traces with statistical properties that
are far from those of real traces is probably useless. Lastly, and most
importantly, a model should be accurate in predicting the performance of network
protocols on real networks. If a protocol performs well (or bad) in the model,
it should also perform well (or bad) in a real network. As accurately as
possible.
None of the mobility models in the literature meets all of these properties. The random way-point mobility model is simple, but its traces do not look real at all (and has a few other problems). Some of the other protocols we reviewed in the related work section can indeed produce traces that look real, at least with respect to some of the possible metrics, but are far from being simple. And, as far as we know, no model has been shown to predict real world performance of protocols accurately.
Here, we propose \emph{small world in motion} (SWIM), a very simple mobility
model that meets all of the above requirements. Our model is based on a couple
of simple rules that are enough to make the typical properties of real traces
emerge, just naturally. We will also show that this model can predict the
performance of networking protocols on real mobile networks extremely well.
\subsection{The intuition}
When deciding where to move, humans usually trade-off. The best supermarket or the most popular restaurant that are also not far from where they live, for example. It is unlikely (though not impossible) that we go to a place that is far from home, or that is not so popular, or interesting. Not only that, usually there are just a few places where a person spends a long period of time (for example home and work office or school), whereas there are lots of places where she stays less, like for example post office, bank, cafeteria, etc. These are the basic intuitions SWIM is built upon. Of course, trade-offs humans face in their everyday life are usually much more complicated, and there are plenty of unknown factors that influence mobility. However, we will see that simple rules---trading-off proximity and popularity, and distribution of waiting time---are enough to get a mobility model with a number of desirable properties and an excellent capability of predicting the performance of forwarding protocols.
\subsection{The model in details}
More in detail, to each node is assigned a so called \emph{home}, which is a
randomly and uniformly chosen point over the network area. Then, the node itself
assigns to each possible destination a \emph{weight} that grows with the
popularity of the place and decreases with the distance from home. The weight
represents the probability for the node to chose that place as its next
destination.
At the beginning, no node has been anywhere. Therefore, nodes do not know how
popular destinations are. The number of other nodes seen in each destination is
zero and this information is updated each time a node reaches a destination.
Since the domain is continuous, we divided the network area into many small
contiguous cells that represent possible destinations. Each cell has a squared
area, and its size depends on the transmitting range of the nodes. Once a node
reaches a cell, it should be able to communicate with every other node that is
in the same cell at the same time. Hence, the size of the cell is such that its
diagonal is equal to the transmitting radius of the nodes. Based on this, each
node can easily build a \emph{map} of the network area, and can also calculate
the weight for each cell in the map. These information will be used to
determine the next destination: The node chooses its cell
destination randomly and proportionally with its weight, whereas the exact
destination point (remind that the network area is continuous) is taken
uniformly at random over the cell's area. Note that,
according to our experiments, it is not really necessary that the node has a
\emph{full} map of the domain. It can remember just the most popular cells it
has visited and assume that everywhere else there is nobody (until, by chance,
it chooses one of these places as destination and learn that they are indeed
popular). The general properties of SWIM holds as well.
Once a node has chosen its next destination, it starts moving towards it
following a straight line and with a speed that is proportional to the distance
between the starting point and the destination. To keep things simple, in the
simulator the node chooses as its speed value exactly the distance between these
two points. The speed remains constant till the node reaches the destination. In
particular, that means that nodes finish each leg of their movements in constant
time. This can seem quite an oversimplification, however, it is useful and also
not far from reality. Useful to simplify the model; not far from reality since
we are used to move slowly (maybe walking) when the destination is nearby,
faster when it is farther, and extremely fast (maybe by car) when the
destination is far-off.
More specifically, let $A$ be one of the nodes and $h_A$ its home. Let also $C$
be one of the possible destination cells. We will denote with $\textit{seen}(C)$
the number of nodes that node~$A$ encountered in $C$ the last time it reached
$C$. As we already mentioned, this number is $0$ at the beginning of the
simulation and it is updated each time node~$A$ reaches a destination in
cell~$C$. Since $h_A$ is a point, whereas $C$ is a cell, when calculating the
distance of $C$ from its home $h_A$, node~$A$ refers to the center of the cell's
area. In our case, being the cell a square, its center is the mid diagonal
point. The weight that node~$A$ assigns to cell $C$ is as follows:
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:weight}
w(C) = \alpha\cdot\textit{distance}(h_A, C) + (1-\alpha)\cdot\textit{seen}(C).
\end{equation}
where $\textit{distance}(h_A, C)$ is a function that decays as a power law as
the distance between node~$A$ and cell~$C$ increases.
In the above equation $\alpha$ is a constant in $[0;1]$. Since the weight that a
node assigns to a place represents the probability that the node chooses it as
its next destination, the value of $\alpha$ has a strong effect on the node's
decisions---the larger is $\alpha$, the more the node will tend to go to places
near its home. The smaller is $\alpha$, the more the node will tend to go to
``popular'' places. Even if it goes beyond our scope in this paper, we strongly
believe that would be interesting to exploit consequences of using different
values for $\alpha$. We do think that both small and big values for $\alpha$
rise clustering effect of the nodes. In the first case, the clustering effect
is based on the neighborhood locality of the nodes, and is more related to a
social type: Nodes that ``live'' near each other should tend to frequent the
same places, and therefore tend to be ``friends''. In the second case, instead,
the clustering effect should raise as a consequence of the popularity of the
places.
When reaching destination the node decides how long to remain there. One of the
key observations is that in real life a person usually stays for a long time
only in a few places, whereas there are many places where he spends a short
period of time. Therefore, the distribution of the waiting time should follow a
power law. However, this is in contrast with the experimental evidence that
inter-contact time has an exponential cut-off, and with the intuition that, in
many practical scenarios, we won't spend more than a few hours standing at the
same place (our goal is to model day time mobility). So, SWIM uses an upper
bounded power law distribution for waiting time, that is, a truncated power law.
Experimentally, this seems to be the correct choice.
\subsection{Power law and exponential decay dichotomy}
In a recent work~\cite{milan07}, it is observed that the distribution of
inter-contact time in real life experiments shows a so called dichotomy: First
a power law until a certain point in time, then an exponential cut-off.
In~\cite{cai07mobicom}, the authors suggest that the exponential cut-off is due
to the bounded domain where nodes move. In SWIM, inter-contact time distribution
shows exactly the same dichotomy. More than that, our experiments show that, if
the model is properly tuned, the distribution is strikingly similar to that of
real life experiments.
We show here, with a mathematically rigorous proof, that the distribution of
inter-contact time of nodes in SWIM has an exponential
tail. Later, we will see experimentally that the same distribution has indeed
a head distributed as a power law. Note that the proof has to cope with a
difficulty due to the social nature of SWIM---every decision taken in SWIM by a
node \emph{not} only depends on its own previous decisions, but also depends on
other nodes' decisions: Where a node goes now, strongly affects where it
will choose to go in the future, and, it will affect also where other
nodes will chose to go in the future. So, in SWIM there are no renewal
intervals, decisions influence future decisions of other nodes, and nodes never
``forget'' their past.
In the following, we will consider two nodes $A$ and $B$. Let $A(t)$, $t\ge0$,
be the position of node~$A$ at time~$t$. Similarly, $B(t)$ is the position of
node~$B$ at time~$t$. We assume that at time~$0$ the two nodes are leaving
visibility after meeting. That is, $||A(0)-B(0)||=r$, $||A(t)-B(t)||<r$ for
$t\in 0^-$, and $||A(t)-B(t)||>r$ for $t\in 0^+$. Here, $||\cdot||$ is the
euclidean distance in the square. The inter-contact time of nodes $A$ and $B$
is defined as:
\begin{equation*}
T_I=\inf_{t>0} \{t:||A(t)-B(t)||\le r\}
\end{equation*}
\begin{assumption}
\label{ass:lower}
For all nodes~$A$ and for all cells~$C$, the distance function $distance(A,C)$
returns at least $\mu>0$.
\end{assumption}
\begin{theorem}
If $\alpha>0$ and under Assumption~\ref{ass:lower}, \emph{the tail} of the
inter-contact time distribution between nodes~$A$ and~$B$ in SWIM has an
exponential decay.
\end{theorem}
\begin{IEEEproof}
To prove the presence of the exponential cut-off, we will show that there exists
constant $c>0$ such that
\begin{equation*}
\mathbb{P}\{T_I>t\}\le e^{-ct}
\end{equation*}
for all sufficiently large $t$. Let $t_i=i\lambda$, $i=1,2,\dotsc$, be
a sequence of times. Constant $\lambda$ is large enough that each node has
to make a way point decision in the interval between $t_i$ and $t_{i+1}$
and that each node has enough time to finish a leg. Recall that this is of
course possible since waiting time at way points is bounded above and since
nodes complete each leg of movement in constant time. The idea is to take
snapshots of nodes $A$ and $B$ and see whether they see each other at each
snapshot. However, in the following, we also need that at least one of the two
nodes is not moving at each snapshot. So, let
\begin{equation*}
\begin{split}
\delta_i=\text{min}\{ & \delta\ge 0 : \text{either $A$ or $B$ is}\\
& \text{at a way point at time $t_i+\delta$}\}.
\end{split}
\end{equation*}
Clearly, $t_i+\delta_i<t_{i+1}$, for all $i=1,2,\dotsc$.
We take the sequence of snapshots $\{t_i+\delta_i\}_{i>0}$. Let $\epsilon_i=\{||A(t_i+\delta_i)-B(t_i+\delta_i)||>r\}$ be the event that nodes $A$ and $B$ are not in visibility range at time $t_i+\delta_i$. We have that
\begin{equation*}
\mathbb{P}\{T_I>t\}\le \mathbb{P}\left\{\bigcap_{i=1}^{\lfloor t/\lambda\rfloor
-1}
\epsilon_i\right\}=\prod_{i=1}^{\lfloor t/\lambda\rfloor -1}
\mathbb{P}\{ \epsilon_i| \epsilon_{i-1}\cdots\epsilon_1\}.
\end{equation*}
Consider $\mathbb{P}\{ \epsilon_i| \epsilon_{i-1}\cdots\epsilon_1\}$. At
time~$t_i+\delta_i$, at least one of the two nodes is at a way point, by
definition of $\delta_i$. Say node~$A$, without loss of generality. Assume that
node~$B$ is in cell $C$ (either moving or at a way point). During its last way
point decision, node~$A$ has chosen cell $C$ as its next way point with
probability at least $\alpha\mu>0$, thanks to Assumption~\ref{ass:lower}. If
this is the case, the two nodes~$A$ and~$B$ are now in visibility. Note that the
decision has been made after the previous snapshot, and that it is not
independent of previous decisions taken by node~$A$, and it is not even
independent of previous decisions taken by node~$B$ (since the social nature of
decisions in SWIM). Nonetheless, with probability at least $\alpha\mu$ the two
nodes are now in visibility. Therefore,
\begin{equation*}
\mathbb{P}\{ \epsilon_i| \epsilon_{i-1}\cdots\epsilon_1\}\le 1-\alpha\mu.
\end{equation*}
So,
\begin{equation*}
\begin{split}
\mathbb{P}\{T_I>t\} & \le \mathbb{P}\left\{\bigcap_{i=1}^{\lfloor
t/\lambda\rfloor -1}
\epsilon_i\right\}=\prod_{i=1}^{\lfloor t/\lambda\rfloor -1}
\mathbb{P}\{ \epsilon_i| \epsilon_{i-1}\cdots\epsilon_1\}\\
& \le (1-\alpha\mu)^{\lfloor t/\lambda\rfloor -1}\sim e^{-ct},
\end{split}
\end{equation*}
for sufficiently large $t$.
\end{IEEEproof}
\section{Real traces}
\begin{table*}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
Experimental data set \T \B & Cambridge~05 & Cambridge~06 & Infocom~05\\ \hline
Device \T & iMote & iMote & iMote\\
Network type & Bluetooth & Bluetooth & Bluetooth\\
Duration (days)& 5 & 11 & 3\\
Granularity (sec)& 120 & 600 & 120\\
Devices number & 12 & 54 (36 mobile) & 41\\
Internal contacts number& 4,229 & 10,873 & 22,459\\
Average Contacts/pair/day & 6.4 & 0.345 & 4.6\\[1mm] \hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{The three experimental data sets}
\label{tab:realtraces}
\end{center}
\end{table*}
In order to show the accuracy of SWIM in simulating real life scenarios, we will
compare SWIM with three traces gathered during experiments done with real
devices carried by people. We will refer to these traces as \emph{Infocom~05},
\emph{Cambridge~05} and \emph{Cambridge~06}. Characteristics of these data sets
such as inter-contact and contact distribution have been observed in several
previous works~\cite{hui05, leguay06,hui06}.
\begin{itemize}
\item In \emph{Cambridge 05}~\cite{cambridge05} the authors used Intel iMotes to
collect the data. The iMotes were distributed to students of the University of
Cambridge and were programmed to log contacts of all visible mobile devices. The
number of devices that were used for this experiment is 12. This data set covers
5 days.
\item In \emph{Cambridge 06}~\cite{upmcCambridgeData} the authors repeated the
experiment using more devices. Also, a number of stationary nodes were deployed
in various locations around the city of Cambridge UK. The data of the stationary
iMotes will not be used in this paper. The number of mobile devices used is 36
(plus 18 stationary devices). This data set covers 11 days.
\item In \emph{Infocom~05} ~\cite{cambridgeInfocomData} the same devices as in
\emph{Cambridge} were distributed to students attending the Infocom 2005 student
workshop. The number of devices is 41. This experiment covers approximately 3
days.
\end{itemize}
Further details on the real traces we use in this paper are shown in
Table~\ref{tab:realtraces}.
\section{SWIM vs Real traces}
\label{sec:experiments}
\subsection{The simulation environment}
In order to evaluate SWIM, we built a discrete even simulator of the model.
The simulator takes as input
\begin{itemize}
\item $n$: the number of nodes in the network;
\item $r$: the transmitting radius of the nodes;
\item the simulation time in seconds;
\item coefficient $\alpha$ that appears in Equation~\ref{eq:weight};
\item the distribution of the waiting time at destination.
\end{itemize}
The output of the simulator is a text file containing records on each main event
occurrence. The main events of the system and the related outputs are:
\begin{itemize}
\item \emph{Meet} event: When two nodes are in range with each other. The
output line contains the ids of the two nodes involved and the time of
occurrence.
\item \emph{Depart} event: When two nodes that were in range of each other are
not anymore. The output line contains the ids of the two nodes involved and the
time of occurrence.
\item \emph{Start} event: When a node leaves its current location and starts
moving towards destination. The output line contains the id of the location, the
id of the node and the time of occurrence.
\item \emph{Finish} event: When a node reaches its destination. The output line
contains the id of the destination, the id of the node and the time of
occurrence.
\end{itemize}
In the output, we don't really need information on the geographical position of
the nodes when the event occurs. However, it is just straightforward to extend
the format of the output file to include this information. In this form, the
output file contains enough information to compute correctly inter-contact
intervals, number of contacts, duration of contacts, and to implement state of
the art forwarding protocols.
During the simulation, the simulator keeps a vector $\textit{seen}(C)$ updated
for each sensor. Note that the nodes do not necessarily agree on what is the
popularity of each cell. As mentioned earlier, it is not necessary to keep in
memory the whole vector, without changing the qualitative behavior of the mobile
system. However, the three scenarios Infocom~05, Cambridge~05, and Cambridge~06
are not large enough to cause any real memory problem. Vector~$\textit{seen}(C)$
is updated at each \emph{Finish} and \emph{Start} event, and is not changed
during movements.
\subsection{The experimental results}
In this section we will present some experimental results in order to show that
SWIM is a simple and good way to generate synthetic traces with the same
statistical properties of real life mobile scenarios.
\begin{figure}[!ht]
\centering
\subfigure[Distribution of the inter-contact time in Infocom~05 and in SWIM]{
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.4\textwidth]{graphics/Infocom/InterContacts}
\label{fig:ICT infocom}}
\qquad
\subfigure[Distribution of the contact duration for each pair of nodes in
Infocom~05 and in SWIM]{
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.4\textwidth]{graphics/Infocom/Contacts}
\label{fig:CONT infocom}}
\qquad
\subfigure[Distribution of the number of contacts for each pair of nodes in
Infocom~05 and in SWIM]{
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.4\textwidth]{graphics/Infocom/ContactsNumber}
\label{fig:CONT-NR infocom}}
\caption{SWIM and Infocom~05}
\label{fig:infocom}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[t]
\centering
\subfigure[Distribution of the inter-contact time in Cambridge~05 and in SWIM]{
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.4\textwidth]{graphics/Cambridge05/InterContacts}
\label{fig:ICT cambridge05}}
\qquad
\subfigure[Distribution of the contact duration for each pair of nodes in
Cambridge~05 and in SWIM]{
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.4\textwidth]{graphics/Cambridge05/Contacts}
\label{fig:CONT cambridge05}}
\qquad
\subfigure[Distribution of the number of contacts for each pair of nodes in
Cambridge~05 and in SWIM]{
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.4\textwidth]{graphics/Cambridge05/ContactsNumber}
\label{fig:CONT-NR cambridge05}}
\caption{SWIM and Cambridge~05}
\label{fig:cambridge05}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[t]
\centering
\subfigure[Distribution of the inter-contact time in Cambridge~06 and in SWIM]{
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.4\textwidth]{graphics/Cambridge06/InterContacts}
\label{fig:ICT cambridge}}
\qquad
\subfigure[Distribution of the contact duration for each pair of nodes in
Cambridge~06 and in SWIM]{
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.4\textwidth]{graphics/Cambridge06/Contacts}
\label{fig:CONT cambridge}}
\qquad
\subfigure[Distribution of the number of contacts for each pair of nodes in
Cambridge~06 and in SWIM]{
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.4\textwidth]{graphics/Cambridge06/ContactsNumber}
\label{fig:CONT-NR cambridge}}
\caption{SWIM and Cambridge~06}
\label{fig:cambridge06}
\end{figure}
The idea is to tune the few parameters used by SWIM in order to simulate
Infocom~05, Cambridge~05, and Cambridge~06. For each of the experiments we
consider the following metrics: inter-contact time CCD function, contact
distribution per pair of nodes, and number of contacts per pair of nodes. The
inter-contact time distribution is important in mobile networking since it
characterizes the frequency with which information can be transferred between
people in real life. It has been widely studied for real traces in a large
number of previous papers~\cite{hui05, hui06, leguay06, cai07mobicom,
milan07, musolesi07, cai08mobihoc}. The contact distribution per pair
of nodes and the number of contacts per pair of nodes are also important. Indeed
they represent a way to measure relationship between people. As it was also
discussed in~\cite{hui07community, hui07socio, hui08mobihoc} it's natural to
think that if a couple of people spend more time together and meet each other
frequently they are familiar to each other. Familiarity is important in
detecting communities, which may help improve significantly the design and
performance of forwarding protocols in mobile environments such as
DNTs~\cite{hui08mobihoc}. Let's now present the experimental results obtained
with SWIM when simulating each of the real scenarios of data sets.
Since the scenarios we consider use iMotes, we model our network node according
to iMotes properties (outdoor range $30\textrm{m}$). We initially distribute the
nodes over a network area of size $300\times300~\textrm{m}^2$. In the following,
we assume for the sake of simplicity that the network area is a square of side
1, and that the node transmission range is 0.1. In all the three experiments we
use a power law with slope $a=1.45$ in order to generate waiting time values of
nodes when arriving to destination, with an upper bound of 4 hours. We use as
$\textit{seen}(C)$ function the fraction of the nodes seen in cell~$C$, and as
$\textit{distance}(x,C)$ the following
\begin{equation*}
\textit{distance}(x,C)=\frac{1}{\left(1+k||x-y||\right)^2},
\end{equation*}
where $x$ is the position of the home of the current node, and $y$ is the
position of the center of cell~$C$. Positions are coordinates in the square of
size 1. Constant $k$ is a scaling factor, set to $0.05$, which accounts for the
small size of the experiment area. Note that function $\textit{distance}(x,C)$
decays as a power law. We come up with this choice after a large set of
experiments, and the choice is heavily influenced by scaling factors.
We start with Infocom~05. The number of nodes $n$ and the simulation time are
the same as in the real data set, hence 41 and 3 days respectively. Since the
area of the real experiment was quite small (a large hotel), we deem that
$300\times300~m^2$ can be a good approximation of the real scenario. In
Infocom~05, there were many parallel sessions. Typically, in such a case one
chooses to follow what is more interesting to him. Hence, people with the same
interests are more likely to meet each other. In this experiment, the parameter
$\alpha$ such that the output fit best the real traces is $\alpha=0.75$. The
results of this experiment are shown in Figure~\ref{fig:infocom}.
We continue with the Cambridge scenario. The number of nodes and the simulation
time are the same as in the real data set, hence 11 and 5 days respectively. In
the Cambridge data set, the iMotes were distributed to two groups of students,
mainly undergrad year~1 and~ 2, and also to some PhD and Master students.
Obviously, students of the same year are more likely to see each other more
often. In this case, the parameter $\alpha$ which best fits the real traces is
$\alpha=0.95$. This choice proves to be fine for both Cambridge~05 and
Cambridge~06. The results of this experiment are shown in
Figure~\ref{fig:cambridge05} and~\ref{fig:cambridge06}.
In all of the three experiments, SWIM proves to be an excellent way to generate
synthetic traces that approximate real traces. It is particularly interesting
that the same choice of parameters gets goods results for all the metrics under
consideration at the same time.
\section{Comparative performance of forwarding protocols}
\label{sec:forwarding}
\begin{figure*}
\label{fig:forwarding}
\centering
\subfigure{
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.31\textwidth]{graphics/Infocom/PerformanceInfocom}
\label{fig:perf infocom}}
\subfigure{
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.31\textwidth]{graphics/Cambridge05/PerformanceCambridge05}
\label{fig:perf cambridge05}}
\subfigure{
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.31\textwidth]{graphics/Cambridge06/PerformanceCambridge06}
\label{fig:perf cambridge 06}}
\caption{Performance of both forwarding protocols on real traces and SWIM
traces. EFw denotes Epidemic Forwarding while DFwd Delegation Forwarding.}
\label{fig:performance}
\end{figure*}
In this section we show other experimental results of SWIM, related to
evaluation of two simple forwarding protocols for DNTs such as Epidemic
Forwarding~\cite{vahdat00epidemic} and simplified version of Delegation
Forwarding\cite{dfw08} in which each node has a random constant as its quality.
Of course, this simplified version of delegation forwarding is not very
interesting and surely non particularly efficient. However, we use it just as a
worst case benchmark against epidemic forwarding, with the understanding that
our goal is just to validate the quality of SWIM, and not the quality of the
forwarding protocol.
In the following experiments, we use for each experiment the same tuning used
in the previous section. That is, the parameters input to SWIM are not
``optimized'' for each of the forwarding protocols, they are just the same that
has been used to fit real traces with synthetic traces.
For the evaluation of the two forwarding protocols we use the same assumptions
and the same way of generating traffic to be routed as in~\cite{dfw08}.
For each trace and forwarding protocol a set of messages is generated with
sources and destinations chosen uniformly at random, and generation times form a
Poisson process averaging one message per 4 seconds.
The nodes are assumed to have infinite buffers and carry all message replicas
they receive until the end of the simulation. The metrics we are concerned with
are: \emph{cost}, which is the number of replicas per generated message;
\emph{success rate} which is the fraction of generated messages for which at
least one replica is delivered; \emph{average delay} which is the average
duration per delivered message from its generation time to the first arrival of
one of its replicas.
As in \cite{dfw08} we isolated 3-hour periods for each data trace (real and
synthetic) for our study. Each simulation runs therefore 3 hours. to avoid
end-effects no messages were generated in the last hour of each trace.
In the two forwarding protocols, upon contact with node $A$, node $B$ decides
which message from its message queue to forward in the following way:
\begin{trivlist}
\item
\textbf{Epidemic Forwarding:} Node $A$ forwards message~$m$ to node $B$ unless
$B$ already has a replica of $m$. This protocol achieves the best possible
performance, so it yields upper bounds on success rate and average delay.
However, it does also have a high cost.
\item
\textbf{(Simplified) Delegation Forwarding:} To each node is initially given a
quality, distributed uniformly in $(0;1]$. To each message is given a rate,
which, in every instant corresponds to the quality of the node with the best
quality that message have seen so far. When generated the message inherits the
rate from the node that generates it (that would be the sender for that
message). Node $A$ forwards message $m$ to node $B$ if the quality of node $B$
is greater than the rate of the copy of $m$ that $A$ holds. If $m$ is forwarded
to $B$, both nodes $A$ and $B$ update the rate of their copy of $m$ to the
quality of $B$.
\end{trivlist}
Figure~\ref{fig:forwarding} shows how the two forwarding protocols perform in
both real and synthetic traces, generated with SWIM.
As you can see, the results are excellent---SWIM predicts very accurately the
performance of both protocols. Most importantly, this is not due to a customized
tuning that has been optimized for these forwarding protocols, it is just the
same output that SWIM has generated with the tuning of the previous section.
This can be important methodologically: To tune SWIM on a particular scenario,
you can concentrate on a few well known and important statistical properties
like inter-contact time, number of contacts, and duration of contacts. Then, you
can have a good confidence that the model is properly tuned and usable to get
meaningful estimation of the performance of a forwarding protocol.
\section{Conclusions}
\label{sec:conclusions}
In this paper we present SWIM, a new mobility model for ad hoc networking. SWIM
is simple, proves to generate traces that look real, and provides an accurate
estimation of forwarding protocols in real mobile networks. SWIM can be used to
improve our understanding of human mobility, and it can support theoretical work
and it can be very useful to evaluate the performance of networking protocols in
scenarios that scales up to very large mobile systems, for which we don't have
real traces.
\IEEEtriggeratref{7}
\bibliographystyle{ieeetr}
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaArXiv"
} |
Georgia May Jagger Signs With CAA Fashion
The Hollywood agency's fashion division has also signed Marquita Pring, the Dominican-American model and activist.
By Booth Moore on January 12, 2021
Georgia May Jagger on the cover of Elle.
Courtesy/Russell James
CAA Fashion is continuing to expand in 2021.
The Hollywood agency's burgeoning fashion division has signed Georgia May Jagger, daughter of Rolling Stones frontman Mick Jagger and model Jerry Hall.
Known for her signature Jagger pout and gap teeth, she has appeared on the covers of Vogue, Elle and Harper's Bazaar, and appeared in campaigns for Chanel, Versace and Miu Miu. Jagger has been the face of the Just Cavalli and Angel by Thierry Mugler fragrances, and is the muse for the jewelry company Pandora. She's managed by Tess Management in London.
CAA has also signed Marquita Pring, the Dominican-American model and activist who made waves in 2010 when she appeared in the "Curves Ahead" V Magazine spread, one of the first size-inclusive fashion editorials.
Later that year, Pring walked the Jean Paul Gaultier spring 2011 runway in Paris, and in 2012, she covered Italian Vogue, a milestone for curvy women in the fashion industry.
Pring has appeared in ads for Levi Strauss & Co., Polo Ralph Lauren, Bloomingdale's, Macy's, Lane Bryant, Marks & Spencer, Talbots, L'Oréal and Olay; in magazines including Vogue, Glamour and Cosmopolitan, and on the runways for Christian Siriano, Tommy Hilfiger, Tadashi Shoji and Prabal Gurung.
A model in the 2020 Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Edition, she is a champion for body positivity and racial diversity, focusing on issues affecting biracial people.
CAA Fashion was founded last year by Christian Carino with the goal of changing the industry by elevating models to the realm of Hollywood talent in pay and personal branding attention. The group's roster includes Claudia Schiffer, Alessandra Ambrosio, Elsa Hosk, Winnie Harlow, Indya Moore, Kate Upton, Leomie Anderson, Dilone, Duckie Thot, Jillian Mercado, Lourdes Leon and more. | {
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I was making this bag for a sandwich lunch I made for my husband to take to work on a special occasion (he usually just carries a regular lunch bag because I'm not making this for every single lunch! Are you kidding me…).
It's really simple to make .. I'm not one for elaborate projects that mere mortals like myself can only drool on.
Cut 2 rectangle piece of patterned paper approx. larger than the front and center die, stitch a panel of cardstock down the middle and die cut both panels (this will make the front and the bag of the bag).
Adhere a ribbon down the front center panel.
Trim a lunch bag down to size and adhere the stitched panel to the front and bag of lunch bag.
Make a bow from the same ribbon and add tag and bow to the bag. Embellish with a button.
There you have it … and there are so many cute images on the set that I'm planning to use the muffin image for my son's school lunch next. Here is the cutest kitchen set I've laid my eyes on.
I hope your New Year has been going well. For me, most of the hustle and bustle of the holiday season and the clean up after that is done and some sense of normalcy and routine is coming back to our lives. Just at a right time for me, Crafter's Companion has just released a new collection of Kanji stamps – lots of unique and meaningful Asian sentiment and images.
This collection intimidated me at first – I didn't recognize any of those Asian characters and I have never done any Asian art – even if I am Asian! But as I was working through my supplies looking for Asian embellishments and papers to use (I have few of those too), my creative juices started perculating. I found in my supplies some mulberry papers, flowers and leaves looking like Cherry Blossoms and willow, bamboo skewers and chopsticks (those were extras from some takeout I ate at my desk), Asian images on Western papers like a trendy fusion mix (this I found in Basic Grey and Kaiser Craft paper collections), I even though of stamping these Asian characters as my background paper!
The unexpected can surprise you. I hope you will have as much fun with this set as I did.
Here's wishing you tranquility for the New Year ahead.
I just noticed that I have been posting quite a bit the last couple of weeks. Well well, that's because I have been in crafty heaven these days with the huge box of goodies Stampendous sent me that I totally forgot about one of my closest friend's birthday.
Tsk tsk – what a terrible friend I am and I'm very ashamed to admit this. But the crafter in me yearns to share the card I made for her – she loves these pretty girly things in pastel colors so I hope she likes all the scalloped edges, the twirly whirlies, the sparkle and soft colors I included in her card. And I also hope she forgives me too.
I played with alot of Stampendous products on this card. First of all, I created the colorful background with Distressed Ink (Fired Brick, Wild Honey, Tumbled Glass) and a stippling brush. Scalloped punch top edge and round bottom edge. Then I stamp the flourish from the Stampendous Cling Jumbo Dahlia stamp set with Distressed Ink (Pumice Stone). I randomly emboss the colored background with Frantage Embossing Enamel (Shabby White), Stampendous Vintage Glitter (multi crystal mix) and Frantage mica fragments (Pearlized Mica). The finished background was adhere to card base and top edge stitch twice. American Craft Ribbon was attached. The sentiment I used is from the Stampendous Birthday Assortment Perfectly Clear Stamps and stamped on vellum and diecut with PTI doily die. Finish card by attaching sentiment and Kaiser Craft flower blossom.
I used The Pixie Cottage stamp "To You from Us" from Michelle's Scrapbooking and More. They are just too adorable these 2 little kittens. DP is from Authentique Papers. Flowers are from Kaiser Craft. So now it's your turn to go and create and come back and share with us. The randomly picked winner of their choice of two fabulous Pixie Cottage stamps.
By now, you would have figured out that I am a huge fan of Crissy Armstrong's images – they are so achingly adorable, I think. I am extremely proud to be guest designing for her today.
Her challenge this month is "anything goes" – make any card you like and go to her challenge blog, Sundays with Crissy, to play along.
Ain't Rupert the cutest – I left the card without a sentiment so I could use it for any occasion as it crops up. DP is from Basic Grey (green) and I apologize I cannot remember the manufacturer of the yellow dot paper (it's from my stash). The butterfly pin is from Jillibean Soup – I have the hardest time finding hat pins so if you know of a place to get them, let me know.
This little cutie (Sugar Pie Honey Bunch) is one of Crissy's newer releases … even the name is cute. I love that she has these pencil drawing too – make the whole images so much softer. DP is from October Afternoon (black menu) and Lily Bee Designs (yellow dots). Ribbon is from Fancy Pants Designs. Flower is from Kaiser Craft.
There is your dose of cuteness for the day. All of these Crissy's images that I have used can be found at Whimsy Stamps.
Have a fun kind of day! | {
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If you only had four things in your fridge, what could you cook?
Of course, it would depend on the four things.
But after a while it would get pretty boring.
Suppose you only had four DVD's.
If you were stuck on an island, which four DVD's would you bring?
Any way you slice it, whatever "category" you put those four things in, the answer would always be very limited.
Four cities to live in and travel to.
Four kinds of food. (That would at least give you some variety).
Cytosine, guanine, adenine and thymine.
These are the four nucleotides.
Only these four make up EVERYTHING about you.
The difference is precisely HOW they are arranged.
Put them in one order, and you're dead before you've got a chance.
Put them in another order, and you have super human skills of X-men proportions.
Nobody knows WHEN or IF we'll be able understand what order matches what trait.
Or even if there's more going on than we can measure.
After all, take two similar people and they can create VASTLY different things.
These DNA nucleotides create the structure of your brain.
But who or what creates the thoughts that you think?
Most people are content to think thoughts that others think.
Some people think different thoughts, but they still do the same things.
The precious few who make a huge difference are those who THINK differently as well as ACT differently.
Because without actions, thoughts are just a hobby.
But how do you KNOW what to think?
How do you know HOW to think?
You can make them up as you go along.
Keep trying different "thoughts" in different orders, until you hit on a winning combination that will forever change your life, and the world around you.
Posted in Appreciation, Confidence, Conversation Skills and tagged Evolution, Happiness, Hypnosis on January 22, 2018 by george. | {
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Africa Has Not Been A Priority Region For The Trump Administration-CFA President Mel Foote
By Ajong Mbapndah L
President Trump really has not had any discernible agenda for Africa, says Mel Foote
Very little has been done by President Trump in articulating and fostering a concise African policy, says Mel Foote, President of the Washington DC, based Constituency for Africa. In addition to not paying a visit to Africa in his first term, the President's utterances and actions have not been helpful in forging stronger ties with Africa, says Mr. Foote, a highly respected veteran of African Affairs in the Washington, DC circuit.
Fielding questions from PAV, Mr. Foote says the upcoming Presidential elections will have profound implications on how the U.S interacts with Africa and the rest of the world.
"Should Trump win re-election, we certainly should not expect anything of significance for Africa, and certainly no new initiatives. On the other hand, should Vice-President Biden win, we can certainly expect a stronger hand of friendship coming from the U.S., although the attention of President Biden will most certainly be on responding to the COVID-19 impact in the U.S," says Mr. Foote.
"While clearly President Trump has not engaged much with African-Americans during these four years , African-Americans have not done well with the Democratic Party either as both sides routinely promise things in exchange for votes, but deliver little," Mel Foote charged.
Still, the CFA leader believes that the African American vote could be decisive in swaying the election either way and for this to happen, their turnout must mirror 2008 levels when President Obama won the elections, Mr. Foote says.
Thanks for accepting to grant this interview, can we start with your assessment of the state of US-African relations?
Since assuming the Presidency of the United States, President Donald Trump has done very little to advance any significant U.S. – Africa policy agenda. He started off on the wrong foot, by insulting African countries, calling them "shithole countries", and followed this up by putting African countries, including Nigeria on a list to restrict U.S. visas! The first lady Melania Trump visited Africa last year, but did not focus on any real substantive agenda, and there has been little or no follow-up.
What was the Trump agenda for Africa and what impact did it have on the traditional ties that the US has had with Africa?
President Trump really does not have any discernable agenda for Africa. The U.S. is only peripherally involved in major movements on the continent, i.e., the Continental Free Trade Agreement; efforts to respond to climate change on the continent; and efforts to respond to COVID-19. Having said that, the U.S. State Department has been helpful in the peaceful transition to democracy in Sudan. The US played a role in the peaceful elections in the DRC. The US seems to be on the right side in pressing for democratic reform and leadership change in Cameroon.
President Trump is wrapping up his first term of office with Africa been the only region he has not visited, what message does it send to the seriousness with which the US takes its ties with Africa?
Given all of the challenges the Trump administration is facing as it wraps up its first term, including the global COVID-19 pandemic, no one can expect President Trump to make a trip to Africa any time soon. In fact, for security reasons, the President is not able to travel to Europe, Canada, Asia or anywhere else, until such a time that a vaccine would be available! Most of the Africa-watchers in Washington, would have questioned his motives for making a trip to Africa anyways, given some of his rhetoric, and his abhorrent disregard and treatment of black people in Africa and here in the United States.
An operational concept of unification, that allows African Americans, African
immigrants, Afro Latinos, and Afro Europeans, to cooperate is still needed, says Mel
Foote pictured here with President Uhuru Kenyatta of Kenya
Elections are around the corner, what could be at stake for US-Africa relations come November?
The US Presidential Elections in November will certainly be important for Americans and for the entire world! Should Trump win re-election, we certainly should not expect anything of significance for Africa, and certainly no new initiatives. On the other hand, should Vice-President Biden win, we can certainly expect a stronger hand of friendship coming from the U.S., although the attention of President Biden will most certainly be on responding to the COVID-19 impact in the U.S.; putting Americans back to work; and getting the U.S. economy going again.
What guarding principles or recommendations do you have for African Americans in making their choice of who to vote in November?
African-Americans certainly are in position to determine the outcome of the elections, if we turn out to vote at the level of 2008, when Barack Obama won the election. The Trump re-election team is working hard to make it difficult for Black people to vote, and clearly want to limit the potential! While clearly President Trump has not engaged much with African Americans during these four years — African Americans have not done well with the Democratic Party either! Both sides routinely promise things in exchange for votes, but deliver little! Unfortunately, we can expect little to achieve for Africa and for African people, regardless of who is elected!
What do you make of the way Africa reacted to the recent murder of George Floyd?
With the advent of social media, the entire world witnessed to murder of George Floyd by Minneapolis, Minnesota police! While thousands of blacks have been systematically murdered by police across the United States, it has always been covered up, with police claiming that they were defending themselves and had to use lethal force! African immigrants have generally stayed out of the issue of police brutality, but increasingly are being caught up as the police are only seeing them as black people, and not as Ethiopians, Guineans, Nigerians, etc. The George Floyd murder reverberated across the world including across Africa! The African immigrant community also has been caught up in the global protest, and the Black Lives Matter movement.
The emotional responses from Africa during the George Floyd included calls from the Minister of Culture for aggrieved African Americans to come back "home," what is it that African countries could do to build bridges to its diaspora?
Africa and African people are certainly coming to realize the potential of the African Diaspora, for remittances, for trade promotion, for tourism, etc.
Thus, the African Union's launching of the Diaspora as the "Sixth Region", in 2012! However, much work remains to be done in Africa and here in the Diaspora, to make this Sixth Region a functional reality. The biggest challenge is to how we can develop an "operational concept of unification", that allows African-Americans, African immigrants, Afro-Latinos, Afro-Europeans, etc., to cooperate!
While most of the Africa-focused organizations in the U.S. have disappeared, the CFA under the leadership of Mr Foote continues to respond to the call of Africa
As we speak, the African Union Mission in Washington DC has gone without an Ambassador since October 2019 when Ambassador Arikana was recalled, what do you make of this?
We all applaud the tremendous effort of Ambassador Arikana Chihombori to engage the Diaspora, during her three years as the Permanent Representative to Washington. She was tireless in her approach, and did much to wake the Diaspora up to the possibilities in Africa! On the other hand, Ambassador Chihombori was clearly functioning as a part of the African Union Commission and operated under their organizational policies and procedures! She served at the pleasure of the AU Chairperson, and like all Ambassadors, was subject to recall for any reason as determined by the Chairperson. The African Union has an "Acting" Representative in place here in Washington, and given the COVID-19 pandemic, the AU is certainly suspending efforts for the time being, to formally fill Ambassadorships around the world! I do expect that the way Ambassador Chihombori departed the position, unfortunately will hurt efforts in the future for the AU to focus on African Diaspora issues and engagement. They will likely focus on bilateral issues with the U.S. government, and with institutions like the World Bank and IMF!
What plans does the Constituency For Africa that you lead have for the 2020 annual Ron Brown African Affairs Series?
The CFA 2020 Ronald H. Brown African Affairs Series will take place virtually, between September 12 – 19. The theme for the Series this year is, "Advocating for Africa in the Mist of the Pandemic"! While most of the Africa-focused organizations in the U.S. have disappeared, or have severely reduced their programming during the Coronavirus pandemic, CFA has clearly adjusted, and continues to respond to the call of Africa, albeit with minimum resources. In some respect the programming is even better today in that we have much better access with the use of ZOOM and other information technologies, to reach leaders across Africa, and throughout the Diaspora around the world! We are planning to release the agenda for the 2020 RHB Series next week.
Mel, we like to end with a last question on what is been done by you and other veterans of African advocacy in Washington ,DC, to ensure that there is continuity in the great work you have done for decades?
I am pleased to say that CFA has always prioritized preparing the next generation of leadership to support Africa. I recall my own experience in coming up, how the Black leaders at that time were not attuned to helping me or any of the up and coming folks, to prepare for leadership. One of my bosses told once told me when I went to him about career advice, "You must pull yourself up by your own bootstraps"! In other words, he was not going to do anything to help me to advance my career! I decided then and there that if I am ever in the position, I would take a much different approach to the next generation!
I am extremely proud of my role in the formulation of the Young African Leaders Initiative (YALI), that was launched by President Barack Obama, after he became President. President Obama sent an aide to see me late in 2008, and asked me to offer my thoughts on what approach the President could take in regards to Africa, in that when he arrived in office, the U.S. economy was in total freefall, we were fully engaged in fighting two wars (Iraq and Afghanistan), and he needed to spend his first year or so in fixing the economy and getting Americans back to work! He also followed George W. Bush in office. President Bush, despite his limited knowledge and interest in Africa, ended up being perhaps the most successful U.S. President in history in relationship to Africa, allocating $15 billion to respond to the HIV/AIDS pandemic, and $5 billion to launch the Millennium Challenge Corporation, which provided new development support for Africa.
President Obama wanted to show Africa that he, as a son of the continent, was indeed very much interested in the affairs of Africa, but he needed to spend his first year or so, fixing the monumental problems in the U.S. I wrote a paper for the President Obama, and suggested that he not spend his political capital trying to get African old tyrants to do the right thing, but focus his attention on the young, the up and coming generation, and preparing them for leadership! President Obama loved the idea, and went on to structure YALI!
*Culled from August Issue for PAV Magazine
Friends In Need, Friends Indeed:Q & A With Dr Rasha Kalej On The Merck Foundation Response To COVID 19 in Africa
The COVID-19 pandemic may have slowed its agenda, but the Merck Foundation under the leadership of its CEO Rasha Kelej remains a dependable development partner for Africa. From continuous engagement with African first Ladies, to raising awareness and showing appreciation to frontline actors, Dr Rasha Kelej sheds light on the response of the Merck Foundation to Covid 19 in Africa in the following Q &A
With the first ladies that you work with, what initiatives have been embarked on in response to COVID 19?
Merck Foundation has raced to respond to the Coronavirus pandemic in partnership with 18 African First Ladies, Ministries of Health, Information and Education focusing on four main areas: community support , training doctors and community awareness through our "stay at home " media recognition awards and children storybook. To give a brief ;
1) Community donations: the lockdown imposed in most countries had hit the daily workers and women the most, making it very difficult for them to survive. Therefore, we partnered with the African First Ladies of Liberia, Ghana, DR Congo, Zimbabwe, Niger, Sierra Leone, Malawi (Former) and Burkina Faso to support livelihood of thousands of women and families of casual and daily workers who are most affected by the Coronavirus (COVID -19) lockdown. The relief contribution was also undertaken in Egypt with the aim to support 500 families.
2) Coronavirus Healthcare Capacity Building: We strongly believe that building professional healthcare capacity is the right strategy to improve access to quality and equitable healthcare specially during this vicious pandemic, therefore, Merck Foundation will strongly continue their current capacity advancement programs and will specially focus on building Coronavirus healthcare capacity through providing African and Asian medical postgraduates with one-year online diploma and two-year online Master degree in both Respiratory Medicines and Acute Medicines at one of the UK Universities. This program is in partnership with African First Ladies, Ministers of Health and Academia across the two continents.
As part of our strategy of responding to coronavirus lockdown, we scaled up to more African and Asian medical postgraduates to provide online medical specialization scholarships. We will now focus more on online scholarships which will be for one-year diploma and two year master degree in several specialties such as: Diabetes, Cardiovascular Preventive Medicines, Endocrinology and Sexual and Reproductive Medicines. We invite Medical Graduates to apply for these courses by email us on [email protected]
3) Community Awareness: We also launched 'Stay at Home' Media Recognition Awards in partnership with First Ladies of Ghana, Nigeria, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Malawi (Former), Namibia, Niger, Guinea Conakry, Burundi (Former), Central African Republic (C.A.R.), Chad, Zimbabwe, Zambia, The Gambia, Liberia and Congo Brazzaville, Angola, Mali, Mozambique for English, French, Portuguese and Arabic Speaking African countries. The awards have been also announced for Middle Eastern, Asian countries and in Spanish for Latin American Countries. The theme of the awards is 'Raising Awareness on how to Stay Safe, Keep Physically and Mentally Healthy during Coronavirus Lockdown with the aim to separate facts from myths and misconceptions'. The winners of the awards will be announced soon.
4) Community awareness for Children and Youth: We also launched an inspiring storybook called 'Making the Right Choice' in partnership with 18 African First Ladies. The story aims to raise awareness about coronavirus prevention amongst children and youth as it provides facts about the pandemic and how to stay safe and healthy during the outbreak. It also promotes honesty, hard-work and the ability to make the right choices even during the most challenging times. The story has been released in three languages: English, French and Portuguese.
Dr Kelej and the Merck Foundation have partnered with African First Ladies on diverse projects to mitigate the effects of Covid 19
There is also a song out -My White Army song from a group of 11 artists from 11 African countries in three languages ; for ur first time in Arabic , French and English. on the pandemic, how did you come about this initiative?
I started this song as an idea of creating an inspiring pan African song which aims to thank the doctors and nurses fighting on the front lines of the coronavirus battle, who are risking exposure to the virus so everyone else can stay home and stay healthy.
I strongly believe, it is important for the people on the front line; doctors, nurses and health workers to know how grateful we are. I did not want this to be a one-off thank you, but one that becomes a regular act of gratitude across our communities. I have heard stories of horrible behavior against our health workers, such as, landlords are forcefully evicting them due to paranoia that they might spread COVID -19. It is shocking, illegal and inhuman behavior".
Through the My White Army song, singers representing Africa are expressing our love, respect and gratitude for doctors, nurses and health workers, the frontliners in the coronavirus battle. It is their messages of support for those braving the outbreak to help others.
This is the first time in Africa and may be in the world that 11 singers from 11 African countries in three languages have participated in one song, to support the medical staff during this difficult time.
The title of the song- 'My White Army' simply refers to the team of health workers who wear white uniforms to save and defend us against the coronavirus pandemic which seem like a battel to the world.
What criteria was used in picking the 11 artists that were used for the song and what is the feedback you have received since the song was released?
The criteria I used was to approach singers from Arabic, English and French speaking countries with a representation from East, West, North and South Africa. Of course, I approached many singers, but I selected the ones who showed passion and great interest and were willing to work under this difficult times and restrictions.
I must say am happy with the team of singers that could come on board, but this is the beginning of series of projects and songs to be done from different countries including Portuguese speaking countries. Singers from all countries will be contacted and represented in the future to create songs to address different sensitive topics in Africa.
The 6th edition of Merck Africa Asia Luminary took place in Ghana last year , what souvenirs did you take out the forum and with COVID 19, what plans for the next one?
Of course this year we will not be able to conduct the luminary in Zambia in October like it was originally planned due to coronavirus pandemic new regulations. We will conduct our forums online this year and we will postpone the luminary to 2021. Hopefully by then everything will be under control.
The Merck Foundation rallied a group of top African artists to use music in thanking frontline actors and sharing safety tips
You were listed last year amongst the top 100 most influential Africans by New African magazine; how did you receive this news?
I am very proud to be listed among the 100 Most Influential Africans of 2019. This recognition is very important for me and for Merck foundation as it acknowledges my efforts, my team's efforts for empowering infertile women and extensively working on eliminating stigma associated with infertility through our historic campaign 'Merck More Than a Mother' that aims to empower infertile women through access to information, education and change of mind-sets. I am very passionate about this cause and I love my work and my achievements as an African woman.
Through this movement, we have succeeded to initiate a cultural shift to de-stigmatize infertility at all levels: By improving awareness, training local experts in the fields of fertility care and media, building advocacy in cooperation with 18 African First Ladies who are the ambassadors of this movement, I love to work with them. And also, by supporting childless women in starting their own small businesses. It's all about giving every woman the respect and the help she deserves to live a fulfilling life, with or without a child.
May we have an idea of any other initiatives or projects that the Merck Foundation will be working on in the course of the year?
In addition to the four areas we are focusing on to respond to COVID 19. We will focus online speciality education like as mentioned earlier. And of course all our awards which can be conducted remotely. The full focus will be on our community awareness through our social media channel. I am very prod that we reached 3 m followers on all our channels including my private channels @Rasha Kelej . I am still thanks to all technology platforms , in close contact with all our partners , as our Alumni and new candidates to ensure that Merck foundation is on the right track to realize our vision.
*Culled from August Issue of PAV Magazine
Conversation with Marieme Esther Dassanou, Coordinator of the African Development Bank's Affirmative Finance Action for Women in Africa programme
Marieme Esther Dassanou
She previously led IFC's Gender Secretariat's work on advancing women's inclusion in the insurance and financial sectors.
Marieme Esther Dassanou is the Coordinator of Affirmative Finance Action for Women in Africa (AFAWA) the African Development Bank's flagship pan-African initiative, which aims to bridge the $42 billion financing gap facing women entrepreneurs in Africa.
In this interview, she outlines progress made with the AFAWA initiative and its future plans.
You recently joined the African Development Bank as AFAWA coordinator. Can you tell us more about the initiative?
AFAWA is a pan-African initiative launched by the African Development Bank at its Annual Meeting in Lusaka, Zambia in May 2016 to promote gender-inclusive financing and unlock the women entrepreneurship potential in Africa. Through AFAWA, the Bank seeks to bridge the $42 billion financing gap faced by women-empowered businesses (WEBs) by deploying financing instruments better suited to addressing their finance needs for the growth of their businesses.
These financial instruments are coupled with technical assistance to financial institutions to better address the needs of WEBs as well as capacity building for women entrepreneurs to increase their profitability and bankability. AFAWA also includes a business-enabling environment component to ensure regulation is conducive to enhancing the ability of financial institutions to lend to women. Through AFAWA the Bank aims to unlock up to $ 5 billion in the next five to six years.
Why is it important for the Bank to have such a vehicle or mechanism in place?
The development and growth of women-owned businesses on the continent is a priority for the African Development Bank. The continent's women entrepreneurs start businesses faster than anywhere else in the world, and in most countries represent at least 30% of formally registered businesses. Taking into account the informal economy, one could comfortably say that women represent the largest part of the SME sector. Thus, aiming to develop our continent without them would not make economic sense. They are fundamental and key drivers of sustainable economic growth and widespread and inclusive prosperity.
It is important to support these businesses to grow by ensuring they have the financial and business tools they need. AFAWA, through its Guarantee for Growth programme, supported by the G7, the Netherlands, Sweden and Rwanda, is a good starting point. Implemented together with the Africa Guarantee Fund, the programme reduces the guarantee requirements for women when they need a loan. AGF is a pan-African financial institution that provides financial institutions with guarantees and other products specifically intended to support small and medium-sized enterprises in Africa. Together, we will work with financial institutions to enhance their understanding of women entrepreneurs and their different risks, which should be considered in the development of financial services for women.
The Bank is also further leveraging its lines of credit, trade finance lines and investment in equity funds to increase access to finance for WEBs of a certain size even more. The partnership signed with the Women Entrepreneurship Finance Initiative (We-Fi) supports the Bank in increasing it financial coverage for women entrepreneurs through these traditional instruments, as well as increase trading opportunities for women entrepreneurs and grow the fashion and creative industries.
What are the commitments so far?
The program has so far received commitments from G7 members, including France, the UK, Canada, Italy and Germany, as well as the Netherlands, Sweden and Rwanda. AFAWA has also received its first tranche of funding from We-Fi , a portion of which will go towards enhancing to the capacity of women-owned businesses to respond to the COVID-19 crisis.
We invite other governments, especially our regional member countries, to partner with us in helping to bridge the finance gap for women-run businesses in Africa.
On the implementation front, what ground has been covered?
We've made great progress since the G7 Biarritz Summit last year. On 31 March 2020, the Board of Directors of the African Development Bank approved the two mechanisms that will enable us to de-risk women-led businesses and increase their ability to access to loans with lighter collateral requirements. We've been slightly delayed by COVID-19, but we expect that the Guarantee for Growth Programme will be operational before the end of 2020.
In the meantime, we are leveraging the Bank's lines of credit, trade finance and equity funds to enable women to access funds and grow their businesses. The Bank is also ensuring that the SME component of its COVID-19 Rapid Response Facility (CRF) package, has a part specifically dedicated to women businesses. The Bank is also exploring opportunities to work with equity funds in enhancing the ability of women enterprises to further participate in the COVID-19 response to increase their operations and production.
Who is eligible to borrow?
It's not only about borrowing. The access to finance gap is in part due to the inability of women-owned and led businesses to access funding, their lack of skills in presenting financially viable businesses, and an environment that is not always conducive to increasing women's access to financial services. The AFAWA approach addresses all these areas. Thus, depending on their needs, women entrepreneurs will be eligible at different levels including access to finance for those with viable and bankable projects and also access to training and capacity building for those who may not yet be eligible to borrow but could improve their financial management skills, record keeping, marketing and any other area to enhance their bankability.
*AFDB
African Economic Outlook Supplement: Here is how African countries can deal with COVID-19, reopen economies and accelerate recovery.
Charles Lufumpa, the African Development Bank's Acting Chief Economist and Vice President for Economic Governance and Knowledge Management speaks on the recent release of the African Economic Outlook 2020 Supplement. He shares policy recommendations to cushion the shock of COVID-19 on countries.
Charles Lufumpa is the African Development Bank's Acting Chief Economist and Vice President for Economic Governance and Knowledge Management
How has Africa's economic trajectory changed since the 2020 African Economic Outlook launched in January?
Almost everything has changed since January. The outbreak COVID-19 pandemic has distressed the global economy, particularly African economies. At the time the projections for Africa's economic growth and prospects were prepared in January 2020, no one anticipated the magnitude of disruptions that COVID-19 would cause.
Both the pandemic and the containment measures put in place by governments to limit its spread have had important economic implications. International travel restrictions, school and workplace closures, cancellation of public events, restrictions on public gatherings and closures of national borders and non-essential businesses have had an unprecedented impact on Africa's economic, health and political landscape.
The direct and indirect consequences of the outbreak have upended the strong upward trajectory of many African countries through 2019. Our analyses, projections and forecasts in the AEO 2020 Supplement reflect this sharply changed landscape.
Why is the African Economic Outlook 2020 Supplement necessary at this time?
The pandemic has reversed the strong growth projections reported earlier in our 2020 African Economic Outlook due to the significant economic and health-related disruptions it is causing African countries.
To account for the impact of the pandemic on Africa's socio-economic landscape, it was necessary to reassess the situation and revise our growth projections and outlook for 2020 and 2021.
The AEO 2020 Supplement presents revised projections for Africa's economic growth and outlook for 2020 and 2021, assesses the impact of COVID-19, and offers policy prescriptions on safe strategies to reopen economies and accelerate recovery after the pandemic.
What are the main policy recommendations to spur 3.0 percent growth in 2021?
It is important to first underscore that projections of a 3-percent growth recovery in 2021 are subject to major downside risks arising from both external and domestic factors. For instance, there remains a non-negligible risk of a second wave of COVID-19 infection, which could necessitate that African countries reimpose physical distancing, lockdowns, and quarantines.
We should also not forget other natural catastrophes such as the locusts swarms in parts of East Africa that are hurting farmers' yields and livelihoods. Other exacerbating factors such as subdued commodity prices, high debt burdens, and tightening global financing conditions are likely to increase the uncertainty of Africa's projected economic recovery.
The AEO 2020 Supplement emphasizes a multi-pronged policy approach to addressing the pandemic that involves: a public health response to contain the spread of the virus and minimize fatalities; a monetary policy response to ease liquidity constraints and solvency risks, a fiscal response to cushion the impacts on livelihoods and to assist businesses; a labour-market response to protect workers and their jobs; and structural policies to enable African economies to rebuild and enhance their resilience to future shocks.
Actionable details on how to implement these policy responses are presented in Section 3 of the Supplement.
How can African countries build economies that are more resilient against future shocks?
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is certainly not the last major shock the continent will face. In the AEO Supplement, we emphasized the need to accelerate structural reforms to help African countries build more resilient economies and become better prepared to face future shocks.
By increasing productivity and addressing obstacles to the business environment, African countries could revive their productive base and increase levels of industrialization. These resilience-boosting reforms would require investment in human capital to build a workforce with the right skills for high-productivity sectors and bridging the infrastructure deficit to advance Africa's industrial development.
Moreover, promoting economic diversification will help countries adapt to an increasingly volatile global economy and better shield their economies from future shocks. This will require targeted policies that boost agricultural productivity and move labor from low-productivity to high-productivity sectors as well as supporting competitive sectors such as agro-processing, digital technologies, or information and communication technology-based services, which have proved critical during the pandemic.
Other challenges that will need to be addressed in order to achieve faster-growing and more resilient African economies include: formalizing the informal sector; ensuring political stability, good governance and transparency, and stronger protections for property rights.
*AFDB.
Nigerian Actress / Screen Writer Pens Coronavirus hit African lockdown series
Tunde Aladese
Tunde Aladese is an African film actress and screen writer, she won an Africa Academy Award in 2018, she has recently been a studying BA in Filmmaking at MetFilm School .As a result of the Coronavirus pandemic, a popular series called, Shuga went into a mini-series nightly show titled MTV Shuga Alone Together highlighting the problems of Coronavirus on 20 April 2020. Tunde is the screenwriter.
The show was originally to be broadcast for 60 nights, but it's now been increased to 65 nights and its backers include the United Nations. The series is based in Nigeria, South Africa, Kenya and Cote D'Ivoire and the story is told through with on-line conversations between the main characters. In the Q and A below she discusses the series and her career plans
Do you remember how you fell in love with films and writing? Was there a particular film/ script? Did it make to feel a particular way? Anything growing up that pushed you in this particular direction?
This is a difficult one because it's never really just one thing. It's the gradual growth of a lifelong romance. My love for writing started with prose, making sorry imitations of any book I enjoyed in order to somehow prolong the experience that the book had given me. Cinemas weren't much of a thing in Nigeria at the time when I was growing up but VCR was big business and watching movies was a big family pastime.
It's hard to pick just one film because the exposure was constant, and the genres were varied. It was the eighties so there was a lot of that B movie style action. Also, a lot of the glam mini-series type content, usually centred around a woman who succeeded against all odds. There was 'The Sound of Music' which my siblings and I could quote in its entirety. Arthouse came later, as options widened. I didn't have a proper understanding of how films came to be for quite a while and a couple of appearances on kids' variety shows were a surreal experience.
I guess primary school drama club was my first proper sense of trying to create a narrative out of thin air and get other people to help bring it to life. But I can say that I fell in love with the film business, this idea of actors and directors and storytellers on screen after reading biographies of some old Hollywood movie stars between the ages of 10 and 13.
I think that was when I began to understand the process of how all that came to the screen. The possibility of anything like that being a tangible and viable career plan, came much later.
Please expand on the origins of when and why you decided that career in the screen industry was for you.
I'm not quite sure I decided. I think the timing was fortunate for me. My first job after university led to an introduction between my boss and a producer who was about to make a radio drama series for the BBC in Nigeria. My boss showed him some ideas I had put down and I got invited to be part of a writers' room, something I'd never heard of. I couldn't believe someone paid me that much money (not a huge amount but at the time I was making almost nothing) to do something I'd been doing for fun all my life. I figured 'I could get used to this…' Success was not immediate but over the next couple of years, enough opportunities came my way that when an international cable company became interested in producing Nigerian series, I actually had a little experience under my belt and could pitch myself for some writing opportunities.
Tunde Aladese won an Africa Academy Award in 2018
Why did you choose Metfilm school? What's unique about it? What were you experiences there? What were your education experiences beforehand? Where did you grow up and where did you go to college / university… what did you study before?
My first degree was in English Literature, from the University of Ibadan in Nigeria. After almost 10 years working professionally as a screenwriter, mostly in television, I wanted new challenges and a wider canvas. I thought learning formally about all aspects of film production would help me with that. Choosing Metfilm was a combination of timing, location (Berlin had been popping up a lot in my timeline in the months preceding), language and investigating their alumni and the things they had gone on to do since leaving the school. It's a great way to study the European arthouse film aesthetic, which I was very interested in, without having to take the time to learn a whole new language. And because it's an English speaking school in a very European city, you get to study with students from a wide variety of countries from all over the world.
Tell me about MTV Shuga – how did the project come about about? 60 episodes – it's quite an ask… how did you manage to complete it?
We're still trying to! And I'm not going to deny that it is a challenge. I just take it one block at a time, and fortunately I don't have to do it all on my own. There's a co-head writer and co-director who alternates blocks with me and of course, the SAF team. I had worked on 2 previous seasons of the series, including one season as Head Writer and had therefore had some contact with some members of the team. They reached out within the first couple of weeks of lockdown in Germany and told me about this idea they were throwing around, and asked whether it was something I would be interested in coming on board for. I'd been sitting home for 2 weeks, reading about everything going on all around the world, from news headlines to social media posts sharing people's emotions, so I knew as soon as they asked that there was potential here. I didn't imagine at the time that it would be 65 episodes (yeah, it's 65 now)! We're recording 41-50 this week and then my co-head takes over again for the next batch.
What's the response been like? From the audience and the industry?
To be honest? I don't know. I usually try to stay away from comments because you get drawn in by the good stuff and then one negative comment and you might spend the rest of the day overthinking. I do understand that reactions and feedback from the first few episodes was quite exciting. It's been challenging trying to find ways to maintain and increase the momentum and interest. But I did say I was looking for challenges, right?
Tunde is the screenwriter of the mini-series nightly show titled MTV Shuga Alone Together highlighting the problems of Coronavirus
What are you working on now, what are your plans for the future?
I'm almost done with this season of Shuga and there are a couple of things lined up for me to switch over to from next month. But nothing that I am at liberty to talk about right now.
What advice would you give to anyone thinking about becoming a screen writer / considering a career in the screen industries?
Read a lot of books, watch a lot of movies. Figure out what you like, what excites and moves you and why. And then try to put it into your own work. Write, write, write. Even when you hate it, keep at it. I had a period of about 6 years from secondary school into university where, everything I wrote, I hated soon after. But that made me question why I hated it and what I needed to do differently. The trick is to keep writing so that when an opportunity comes your way, you have something to show of your ability that will make them at least consider you. Don't wait for someone to find you and make you a writer. And then of course, seek out those opportunities. I know this is a bit glib, and won't work out for everyone, but it will for some. Oh, and I should mention this magic trick. The first time I went to a writers' workshop, everyone there introduced themselves as a writer except me. I didn't think I had the right to claim that about my hobby. The people present in the room made me say it 'I'm a writer'. When I returned to my life, I started introducing myself that way. And people remembered. And the calls started coming.
*Q & A facilitated by Ruth Sparkes and MetFilm School
From Kenya To East Africa, African Made SUV Mobius Eyes Continental Market
Joel Jackson is the Founder and CEO of Mobius Motors specialized in the building of vehicles in Africa for Africa
In the hugely competitive world of cars, Mobius, a Kenyan based company manufacturing luxury SUVs, has carved a niche for itself, and is set for expansion into the East African market.
Designed specifically to handle the rugged African terrain with consideration for income levels, business needs, vehicle loading and more, Mobius vehicles are a strong combination of very high level durability, and very high levels of affordability, says Joel Jackson, its Founder and CEO. Speaking in a skype interview with Pan African Visions, Joel Jackson who was pushed into car manufacturing because of the transportation challenges he faced in Kenya while working with a forestry NGO, says Mobius is developing cars specifically for the local market.
"To get the combination of high durability, and affordability with a free one-year warranty covered, and authorized servicing in a way that has not been offered before is a truly unique proposition from Mobius," says Joel Jackson.
With roots firmly established in Kenya, Jackson says the next phase involves expansion into other countries in East Africa and eventually across the rest of the continent.
PAV: Good morning and thanks for granting this interview to talk about Mobius cars. Can we start with an introduction of the company and its products?
Joel Jackson: Mobius is a new car company in Kenya, and we design, manufacture, and sell vehicles suited specifically for the African markets. We launched our first generation vehicle in 2015, and we are preparing to launch our next generation vehicle now, and the vehicle is built in Nairobi factory in Kenya.
PAV: When you say the cars are designed for the African market what do you mean by that, and how different are your cars from Japanese, American, French or even German cars?
Joel Jackson: Firstly, they are very durable; they offer the same type of performance as an SUV in the Kenyan market, but they are also very affordable as well. Our position in price is just over $13,000 for a brand new SUV which is unparalleled in price offering in the market. So, it is a combination of very high-level durability, and very high levels of affordability but offered in a very attractive package which consumers find very appealing.
PAV: You are from Britain, what prompted you to get into the car business, and why the choice of Africa, and why Kenya out of 54 African countries?
Joel Jackson: My first experience in Kenya was working with a forestry NGO on the coast of Kenya, and it was quite an eye-opening experience. I spent a lot of time moving around in the rural areas of the country and I really had first-hand experience of the kinds of transportation challenges the people in those communities were facing so that was the original inspiration for Mobius to develop a car that was durable enough to handle the kinds of roads, terrains I saw in those areas. Although I planned to be in Kenya for a relative short stint, and move back to the UK and continue my career as a management consultant, I ended up staying in Kenya and founded Mobius, and I have done that since.
PAV: Let's talk about the work force of Mobius, how many workers do you have and are there Kenyans or Africans who actually participate in the production process of your cars?
Joel Jackson: Yes. So today we have about 55 people on the team, and that continues to grow. We have been fortunate to hire some incredible people from all around the world with very deep automotive experience. The vast majority of our team are Kenyans, and that includes Kenyans who have been educated abroad, worked in different car companies for a while and decided to move back to Kenya and join Mobius.
PAV: With regards to the models that you currently have, could you tell us the kinds of cars you have in the market at the moment?
Joel Jackson: Our next generation Mobius 2 vehicle is currently available for pre-order, and our customers can log into our website and pre-order the vehicle. It is an SUV offering which gives customers specifically developed rugged performance for rough road driving environments. It has many of the key features customers will expect in a vehicle, power steering, air conditioning, an optional Wi-Fi enabled tablet entertainment system in the vehicle as well. But it is specifically developed for high durability, drive performance, and a very low price rate.
Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta had a special test drive of a Mobius car in 2014
PAV: We believe there are many car companies in Kenya, how is Mobius copping with the competition from Japanese, French, Italian, and German cars?
Joel Jackson: The vast majority of cars in Kenya are mostly imported from countries like Japan. Those vehicles tend to experience high import duty when they arrive, so in many cases cars are mostly doubling in price. We are one of the few car companies operating on the continent which means we do not experience the same taxation as imported vehicles. What Mobius is doing is developing a car specifically for the local market which is highly differentiated regarding its combined durability, and affordability and that is a unique offering in the market.
To find an SUV at this price rate; we are the only one offering. Even when you compare Mobius to a five, six-year-old SUV import from Japan, our vehicle is lower in price, brand new with a free one-year warranty offer, assembled, and authorized servicing. So, it is a genuine, exceptional proposition to the consumer.
PAV: What has the response been from the consumers regarding sales, how excited are Kenyans about using your products?
Joel Jackson: Kenyans are really excited about the introduction of Mobius. We have already generated hundreds of pre-orders with minimal marketing to date and that is largely based out of the positive experience customers in Kenya have already received for our first generation vehicle we launched a few years ago. There is a huge anticipation in Kenya for the launch of our next generation car, and again our brand is well perceived in the local market.
PAV: With regards to expansion, do you plan to limit yourself to just the Kenyan market or what plans do you have in place to expand production to other African countries?
Joel Jackson: So, we plan to expand to other countries in Africa very quickly. We will be starting expansion out of Kenya initially within East Africa, and the focus there is stabilizing the production and distribution systems. One of the unique elements to Mobius that we are pioneering is a new model of sales and service for the customers, so beyond offering fantastic products in the market we are also looking to offer a better sales and service experience as well.
We have built in Mombasa a new sales and service centre that we will be launching later this year and that centre is quite different from traditional dealerships, you find in East Africa. It will be run by Mobius and has quite a distinctive architecture, it combines service operations alongside a show room facility, and we will be building such facilities across East Africa in the coming years. We will be expanding the Mobius brand presence in the Region, and we will also be offering customers much closer touch points for servicing their vehicles outside the major cities alone in East Africa. This is the big focus of the company in the coming years to scale up our distribution to reach many customers not just in Kenya, but across East Africa. Long-term as that system is stable, we will look to replicate in the other regions of Africa.
PAV: With regards to challenges, what are some issues that you have face?
Joel Jackson: The first challenge is setting up global supply chain for a product such as a vehicle, there are thousands of components going into it and each of those components have different suppliers, sometimes, the same suppliers. In our case, our primary sourcing, and has been in Asia and one of the things we have heavily been investing is building a body chain in Kenya, building that ecosystem of suppliers in Kenya in the coming years for the contents of our cars. We have a view of driving industrial change in Kenya and across East Africa and to create more jobs, and the increase in skilled levels across countries. So there has been a lot of investments in so far as working with our existing suppliers to improve the production capacity. We will be doing more work in the coming years as we drive up local content in our cars even higher from where we are today. That's certainly been one of the big focus areas of the business.
The second challenge has been in setting up the right talent base in the business to do what we do. Obviously as I have mentioned earlier, developing a vehicle in an African context is new. We are really pioneering the development launch of vehicles specifically suited for the African market. Finding the right kind of skills sometimes can be challenging particularly when you are talking about specific engineering kind of skills. But again, we have been fortunate to hire a really strong team over the previous years and develop our in house capabilities in those areas. But again, when you are starting on a baseline where sought of expertise does not exist, you have to progress as you build that over time.
PAV: Is there any kind of support or partnership that you have received from the Kenyan government as you go about business in Kenya?
Joel Jackson: Yes, we are already working according to the existing incentive scheme that the Kenyan government offer, and we are in discussion with the Kenyan government about how we can work more closely with them over time to improve the incentives that are offered in industry. We are also in discussion with the government about potential purchase of our vehicles, clearly these vehicles are well suited to the African context, and this extends to various government ministries and different parastatals which may want to buy products suited for their needs. There is also in Kenya a buy Kenya, build Kenya initiative that we are a big supporter of, and we see a kind of natural synergy in Mobius supplying Kenyan made vehicles to Kenyan government.
PAV: What impact has COVID-19 had on your activities?
Joel Jackson: At the moment as we finalize the preparation of the vehicle ready for launch, there is a lower degree of impact on Mobius than it will be on other car markers around the world who are actively in production and revenue generation. Clearly, COVID has had a major impact around the world and across all sectors. Majority of our team are working at home at the moment for obvious health reason and exercising social distancing for those who do need to be in the office, and at the factory. The first sign of this situation as we look forward to post COVID-19 world is that Mobius really has unique potential in the Kenyan and East African context to be a real proponent of change and recovery in the economy by driving job creation, and skill creation in the country, as our local content increases, and the supply chain in Kenya, increases. As our production increases, we need to be hiring more people on the production line, there is a knock-on effect to the economic potential. We also need to expand the knowledge of the workers to expand their knowledge of automotive processes.
These are value-added skills that will benefit the economy more generally, and ultimately the intention of Mobius as we drive our production volume is that we are starting to export content from Kenya to other countries in East Africa and as you export contents you drive up GDP. There is huge development potential of Mobius particularly in post COVID-19 world where there is even more need for stable manufacturing operations as a backbone for economic recovery
PAV: There is a lot of talk on the continent about the Africa Continental Free Trade Agreement, are you looking forward to that?
Joel Jackson: We are. We welcome any news that will make the trade of goods easier, quicker, and cheaper. We think the African Union has a huge potential long-term to benefit from the same type of trade or regulation that we see in the EU for example. We think our vehicles are well suited to a broader Pan-African market, and we see clear potentials in other markets beyond East Africa, so, we are all in favour or encouraging the free movement of goods. We think also on the supply chain as well as we invest in greater self-reliance in Africa to boost local industrialization. In Africa, we need to encourage more suppliers to come on board. There are many benefits, and we think everyone can win by increasing the movement of goods long-term.
PAV: How does your company give back to the community?
Joel Jackson: There are a number of ways as I have already referenced regarding industrialization, job creation, skills creation, all of these things can make a big difference to many people's lives as they get jobs they enjoy doing, get a good salary, and get a good environment that their skills can develop. Also, one of the unique characteristics of Mobius is that we are positioning our vehicles as enablers of mobility. So really there is a two-prong social impact potential of Mobius; one is in driving industrialization, and two is driving access to mobility.
So not only in the SUV offering that I was describing earlier, but also with a feature configuration of that platform that is currently under development that will enable owners to physically plug in different modules for different businesses with. It could be a public transport business, delivery service, and a wide range of applications. Those are the kinds of businesses that these entrepreneurs can run to generate income with and crucially the kinds of services that enable users in their communities to benefit from transportation. So, for everyone one entrepreneur owner of a Mobius vehicle there can be hundreds of more beneficiaries.
We hope that when people buy Mobius to run public transport businesses with, in turn we will see more people in communities in rural parts of Africa benefiting from all the kinds of services that the transportation system literary provides. So, industrialization, and mobility are two really important elements to what Mobius is doing.
Designed specifically with the rugged African terrain in mind, brand new Mobius cars sell cheaper than used foreign cars in Kenya
PAV: Looking at the economic conditions of Kenyans and Africans, how affordable are the cars with regards to the economic realities you see?
Joel Jackson: Relative to the incumbents in the market they are really affordable. As I mention earlier, if you buy a five or six-year-old SUV in Kenyan today imported you are paying well over $20,000. For a brand-new Mobius SUV you are paying a price starting from around $13,000. So, it is truly exceptional in that respect. But equally, many customers when they buy, they buy the vehicle with vehicle financing, and we have already work with a number of customers, and their banks to help to set up vehicle financing lines that they can purchase their vehicles with. Obviously, vehicle financing is something that we will be placing more and more emphases on over time as we expand our market, and we hope long-term with more vehicle financing products available many more customers in East Africa will be able to buy these vehicles.
PAV: We end with an opportunity for you to make a direct pitch to Kenyans and Africans out there on your business, why should they go for a Mobius made car as opposed to a Toyota ,Honda or some other brand ?
Joel Jackson: To get the combination of high durability, and affordability with a free one-year warranty covered and authorized servicing in a way that has not been offered to date, is a truly unique proposition, and it's a very attractive vehicle that is a lot of fun to drive in, and we will encourage customers to come visit our showroom and see for themselves
PAV: Mr. Joel Jackson thank you for talking to Pan African Visions.
Joel Jackson: Likewise, it was great to be with you and thanks for taking the time.
* The full interview is featured in the upcoming July issue of Pan African Visions Magazine.For more information on Mobius cars click here
Second Term For Adesina At AFDB Will Deepen Ties Between Brazil and Africa- IBRAF President João Bosco Monte
Prof. Joao Bosco Monte says he looks forward to stronger and more diverse cooperation between Brazil and Africa during Dr. Adesina's second AFDB Term.
The re-election of Dr Akinwumi Adesina to second term of office as the President of the African Development Bank-AFDB will greatly deepen and broaden ties between Brazil and Africa says Prof João Bosco Monte ,President of the Brazil African Institute- IBRAF .
In an interview with Pan African Visions, Prof João Bosco Monte lauded the great achievements of Dr Adesina including his whole hearted endorsement of partnership with the IBRAF on hugely successful exchange programs on Agriculture that have benefited many African countries.
"I am optimistic about the possibility of Adesina being re-elected to the presidency of the African Development Bank, especially when we see Brazil as a country that can work very closely with Africa, not only at the government level, but also with the private sector," says Prof João Bosco Monte in the interview which also discusses the IBRAF, racism , and the future of relations between Brazil and Africa.
Prof Joao Monte thanks for granting this interview, could we start this interview with an introduction of the Brazil -Africa Institute that you lead?
The Brazil Africa Institute, when was founded, I had the idea to put together Brazilians and Africans from many perspectives. The collaboration and the partnership that we can see between Brazil and some African countries are very obvious. But Brazil doesn't know much about Africa, on the other hand, Africa doesn't know everything about Brazil. So, the genesis of the Brazil Africa Institute, when we created it, was to put together both sides of the Atlantic and have mutual and respectful Knowledge and understanding about each other.
And now, after ten years of the conception of IBRAF we can see many opportunities that we can put together between the two sides, African and Brazilian. Not only the government, and I could say mainly the private sector can understand the potential of collaboration and opportunities that we can see from both regions.
The agenda of the Brazil Africa Institute brings many possibilities for interactions. One of the activities that we have annually is the Brazil Africa Forum, which brings leaders, Heads of States, Ministers, diplomats, private sector, the civil society, in order to discuss one important topic for Brazil, Africa, and for other regions. And this gives me the opportunity to emphasize that when we talk about Brazil and Africa, we should include all the latitudes on the agenda.
Could you also shed some light or put historical perspective on relations between Brazil and Africa, how important are the ties between your country and Africa?
Since 2006, when I started to visit Africa, I saw clearly, a very important connection between Brazil and some African countries. Actually, when I visit Africa, in many countries I feel just as I am in Brazil. On the other hand, whenever I see Africans in Brazil they say "Well, this is just like home. This is just like Africa". In this regard, there is a very particular relationship between the two sides of the Atlantic.
And it's important to emphasize the historical ties that Brazil has with Africa. Not because of slavery, and I can say, very sadly, Brazil is one of the places that had many slaves from Africa. But besides this, Brazil has a historical connection with Africa, and now we can see the roots of Africa in Brazil, in the gastronomy, in the music, in the clothes and the way that we dress, and I can see that Brazil is very connected with the continent.
We are doing this interview at a time when racism has also taken centre stage with world protests following the killing of Floyd Georges in the USA…what are race relations like in Brazil?
The killing of George Floyd in the US brought to the international arena a discussion about racism and how countries, how organizations, how governments, how people are acting about this theme. It's a bit very unique. We can see demonstrations in many parts of the world, not only in the US, against racism, that are asking the governments to bring the new policies to eradicate racism from the face of the world.
In Brazil, we do have problems with racism, and some demonstrations, some protests, also came to this discussion here essentially to highlight that historical inequalities are behind the great disparities faced by black people in the labor market. Less access to education is one of them, as well as more precarious living conditions. The governments of Brazil, I'm talking about Federal and State governments, should start to discuss what kind of argument we can bring to the table, to bring to poor people, and also black people as well, the possibility to have a better life. So, the agenda that we have to include now in Brazil, and also in some parts of the world, should include the discussion about racism, but also how can we bring dignity to people who don't have the eyes of the state.
Under Prof João Bosco Monte IBRAF has been a vital link between Brazil and Africa
One of the partner institutions that the Brazil -Africa Institute works with is the African Development Bank, what do you make of the recent standoff between with external partners notably the USA? How has it been like working with current AFDB President Dr Akinwumi Adesina, and what do you think a second term for him is deserved?
We have many partners around the world. One of the key partners of the Brazil Africa Institute is, indeed, the African Development Bank, and this was emphasized in the last years, and I'm very proud to say that this partnership is because of the confidence and the vision of President Adesina. I had the opportunity to discuss with him, in many occasions the potential of collaboration between African countries and Brazil, and he's very familiar with the possibilities of collaboration. Now, when we see countries like the US bringing issues about the leadership of President Adesina, we should understand what, specifically, are the reasons that the bank is being attacked by the US Government. We need to see the details, but we also need to see a concrete reason and the objective that the government of the US is bringing to damage the reputation of president Adesina. My personal opinion is that he's doing a very good job, and this is important for the bank and for Africa.
Watching the situation from outside I can see that many African leaders, many former Head of States, are now supporting Adesina and what he's doing at the bank. This is important to emphasize because the leaders who are dealing with him, who had the opportunity to deal with him, are bringing to the table a very strong message that he's doing the job very well. And this emphasized that he needs to have the opportunity to have a second turn. My feeling is that, in five years, is not possible to change the whole situation, and what he was doing in the last five years was bringing a discussion, a dialogue, among many people, many organizations, and bringing the flag of the bank, and the demands of the continent to partners around the world, including Brazil. That's why I emphasize and defend the possibility of President Adesina to be reelected.
What did you make of the allegations levied against him and were you satisfied with the defense he put up to deny any wrongdoing?
It is very relevant to mention that the Ethics Committee of the African Development Bank received the response from President Adesina in a very positive way. So, I don't think we need to go any further to make this clear and I particularly feel very satisfied with the answers given by him.
In 2017 the AFDB and the Brazil Africa Institute launched the Youth Technical Training Program to train young African professionals in research and technology, how is the program working out?
Three years ago, the Brazil Africa Institute started a very important program, bringing young Africans to Brazil to receive training in areas that the country achieve great results. And the African Development Bank actually was the first door that we knocked to start the talks, to show the evidence, and the possibilities of bringing these young Africans boys and girls to Brazil. This was a valuable moment for us, and the Bank received it very well, and the voice of President Adesina, followed by his team, was very helpful and proactive. And we started with agriculture, which is related to the mind of President Adesina. This was in 2017, and after this activity that we have launched with the bank, we started to develop other initiatives with some other international organizations. I'm sure that the beginning of this program, with the African Development Bank, was a crucial moment for us to reach other areas, other activities and to amplify our partnerships around the world.
I am sure that the start of the Youth Technical Training Program in partnership with the African Development Bank, was a crucial moment for us to reach other areas, other activities and expand our connections around the world.
After 3 years of the program, we are very pleased to identify that many young Africans – now with more knowledge and skills – are applying some successful Brazilian experiences in many parts of the African continent, which clearly demonstrates the importance of south-south cooperation.
After 3 years of the Youth Technical Training Program in partnership with the AFDB we are very pleased to identify that many young Africans applying some successful Brazilian experiences in many parts of the African continent ,says Prof João Bosco Monte
What expectation would you have for a second Adesina term at the AFDB especially with regards to prospects of more projects and partnerships with IBRAF and Brazil as a whole?
I am optimistic about the possibility of Adesina being re-elected to the presidency of the African Development Bank, especially when we see Brazil as a country that can work very close to Africa, not only at the government level, but also with the private sector. And I see President Adesina's vision as something that we can have coincidences with the activities of the Brazil Africa Institute.
How is the agenda of IBRAF going to look like for the rest of the year especially with the challenges posed by COVID-19? We will like to end this interview with your perspective on the future of ties between Brazil and Africa, in what areas or sectors do you see potential for additional cooperation and what needs to be done on both sides to make the bonds stronger?
Like all organizations in the world, we are adapting to this situation of isolation and remote work, which of course is not an easy task. As an international organization, it is very necessary to be close to people in many parts of the world, participating in meetings or activities organized by us or our partners.
I think the Brazil-Africa agenda for next year is very positive and I am very optimistic about the future of these relations. Many areas can be addressed, and Brazil is already doing things with Africa in various activities, in many fields. I see agriculture, again, as a possibility for Brazil to become more and more involved with Africa, especially in the context of transfer of technology. But it is important to emphasize that Africa must know more about Brazil and African leaders must be open to seeing Brazil as a potential partner. On the other hand, Brazilians must look for the possibilities to get involved with Africans, and we need to understand more and more the potential that we have before us.
The role of the Brazil Africa Institute is to emphasize that the moment that we have now is very appropriate for Brazil and for Africa. Not only because we see the market potential to sell and buy things, but also because the partnership we see between the two sides is very unique and can last for a long time.
For the second half of 2020, we are still planning some activities, such as the YTTP, with an edition in September and the other in October. We are bringing Africans, from West Africa, to receive training in Brazil, as we have done in the last 3 years. In addition, we are starting the IBRAF Fellowship Program for South-South and Triangular Cooperation, with the objective of facilitating the dialogue between African researchers and local professionals, enabling the exchange of knowledge in various fields, through a platform for expanding contact with the top sustainable development practices in Brazil.
Certainly, our desire is that the result of all the activities that we are developing can somehow contribute so that Brazil and Africa are better prepared for the post-COVID era.
From Lost Boy To Beacon Of Hope For Global Refugees- Manyang Reath Kher On The Sharing Award
734 Coffee exists to level the playing field for the often-forgotten refugee population that hails from East Africa, says Manyang Reath Kher
From the wreckage of the South Sudan civil, a new generation has emerged with fresh hope on how to better the lot of refugees across the globe. One of the perfect epitomes of this new generation is Manyang Reath Kher who was part of the 4,000 Lost Boys who was fortunate enough to land a ticket to the United States in 2001.
A University Lecturer at George Mason University today, Manyang Reath Kher is better known for using the social enterprise 734 Coffee to advocate and conscientize the American population on the plight of refugees. Working with others under the aegis of the NGO Humanity Helping Sudan, Manyang Reath Kher has partnered with some other organizations to come up with the Sharing Award to understand and support the most vulnerable in society-refugees.
In an interview with Pan African Visions, Manyang says the Awards are intended to support individuals and organizations that work on sustainability, social inclusion, and diversity to recognize the humanity and hard work of refugees.
"My advice to successful citizens and especially those considered lost boys, is to invest in South Sudan. The country will not move forward if those of us who have learned and excelled in our respective professions or ventures do not return to invest our time and financial resources," Manyang says.
Thanks for granting this interview to talk about 734 Coffee and the Sharing Awards, first could we start with an introduction and your journey from South Sudan where you hail from to the United States?
I currently teach Human Rights at the George Mason University (Virginia). I also steer the social enterprise 734 Coffee, as we take the lead on human rights advocacy for refugees and distribute conscious consumer goods to educate the broader American population. When I, Manyang Reath Kher, was three years old, my village was attacked and destroyed by unspeakable violence. My uncle was killed while trying to help me escape. I managed to survive and lived in three different refugee camps for the next 13 years. Blessed by the hands of parishioners, I am one of the 4,000 Lost Boys who was fortunate enough to land a ticket to the United States.
How was the adaptation process like for you and what motivated you to come up with 734 Coffee and how long has it been running now?
I have a burning desire to help my fellow refugees who are forced to make their new homes in a foreign land. During my senior year in high school, I began working to develop my nonprofit, the Humanity Helping Sudan Project, and recruited others to help me with this effort. Founded in 2008 in Richmond, Virginia, my award-winning NGO seeks to provide aid and assistance to the Sudanese Diaspora in the Gambella region of Ethiopia. HHSP's mission is to create sustainable solutions to help alleviate suffering in the region by providing over 40,000 displaced people in refugee camps with materials and resources to battle famine, agricultural training and cultivation of indigenous crops, and clean drinking water through expansion of water wells and springs. Within the past 8 years we have gained national recognition and top sponsor dollars to do just this as well as further enriching thousands around the world with my story, and the plight of the Sudanese refugees.
Manyang says the Awards are intended to support individuals and organizations that work on sustainability, social inclusion, and diversity to recognize the humanity and hard work of refugees
There is coffee from so many countries, what makes 734 coffee unique and how has it fared in the USA market?
In the world today, racial injustice continues to be prevalent, however, when we couple that injustice with another factor, it becomes a heightened situation that needs immediate attention. Refugees already experience unimaginable social injustices and human rights violations, especially during the current political climate in the United States, that impacts the entire world. However, when refugees (especially those of African descent) do make their way to the United States, they are met with yet another desperate circumstance, that is the racial divide in America that systemically leads to racial injustice.
734 Coffee exists to level the playing field for the often-forgotten refugee population that hails from East Africa. 734 Coffee uses America's most popular beverage as a gateway to introduce Americans to the world refugee crisis and how the U.S government's actions play a part. The 734 Coffee project distributes Arabica coffee from the Ethiopian and South Sudan region of Gambela; it caters to over 250,000 refugees, many of whom historically have been relocated to the United States. New policies in the U.S have not allowed for many refugees to find refuge here in America, this puts a burden on neighboring countries that already struggle to maintain an economy.
Coffee is Ethiopia's number one source of export revenue generating about 30% of the country's total export earnings yearly. Using Fair Trade coffee, to create opportunities, educate and build the local economy.
In terms of distribution, how wide is your network in the USA and considering that it has become a brand of its own, are there plans for expansion beyond American shores?
734 Coffee currently distributes coffee to commercial and residential complexes including Hosteling International, The WhyHotel (Tysons Corner and Arlington Campus), The Warner Building (D.C) and The Louis at 14th by Greystar (D.C); specialty coffee shops, TimGad Cafe (Reagan Center and F. st., D.C), Porter's House (D.C) and Z-Zoul Cafe (San Francisco, CA) ; retail stores, Takoma Park Co-op (Takoma, MD).
Commercial and residential complexes and specialty coffee shops:
Commercial and residential complexes, specialty coffee shops and retail stores currently make up 70% of revenue. These accounts were obtained primarily through in-person events. To retain these existing accounts and compete for new accounts, 734 Coffee will invest in equipment for them. Providing equipment for these accounts guarantees a minimum of a year-long contract and consistent and reliable purchasing of coffee beans from 734. These investments will be secured through contracts that detail the terms of use, including machine maintenance and exclusivity. This will be the most cash intensive investment that 734 Coffee makes in 2020.
734 Coffee plans to expand distribution to South America, Europe, the middle east and Asian in the future, but the next couple of years are focused on North America.
What are some of the challenges that you faced in the course of taking 734 coffee to where it is today?
Of the many challenges that 734 Coffee has faced on its journey to where it now stands, we have noticed two developing trends. The first, the bigger players in the space are undoubtedly ready to defend their market-share like any business would, regardless of our mission and the positive output that we have on the world. Second, establishing partnerships and deals at the intersection of social good and profit has been a daunting task.
We understand you are working on a very important project dubbed the Sharing Award, could you shed some light on this?
The Sharing Award is the result of a partnership between Humanity Helping Sudan, 734 Coffee, The Miller Center for Social Entrepreneurship and One Journey Festival. It was inspired by the generosity of The Tides Foundation following the spotlight placed on HHSP by the refugee-focused film THE GOOD LIE, and the advocacy of its award-winning producers, Ron Howard, Brian Grazer, Karen Kehela Sherwood and Molly Smith. The purpose of the award is to support innovative individuals and organizations that work on refugee sustainability, social inclusion and diversity in order to build communities that welcome refugees, recognize their humanity, value their hard work, offer them a path to dignified work and have respect for their cultural differences, religious ideals and political beliefs.
The Sharing Award was launched earlier in June — World Refugee Month — to shed as much light as possible on the many organizations that are moving the needle on refugee issues.
With 734 coffee, the creative genius of Manyang Reath Kher is not just bringing dignity and hope to refugees but also contributing to the economic growth his host country and region of origin
Who is eligible to benefit from the awards, what is the application process, what exactly will you be looking for in successful applicants?
The Sharing Award Winner (individual or organization) will be awarded our prestigious Vision Development Package:
A cash prize of US $5,000,
Acceptance to the world-renowned Atlas Corps Fellowship,
Invitation to attend the exclusive 2021 Nexus Youth Summit, a global community founded to bridge communities of wealth and social entrepreneurship, where the most innovative social entrepreneurs gather to discover new ideas and collaborate on world changing projects (choose to attend in New York City or Washington, DC – virtually or in person).
Applications will be reviewed by a select committee from Ashoka. Ashoka is known for its transformative program that supports the world's leading social entrepreneurs.
1st Runner Up will be awarded:
3 Months of business mentoring support through the highly regarded Miller Center for Social Entrepreneurship Jumpstart accelerator program.
Invitation to attend the exclusive 2021 Nexus Youth Summit.
Applications will be reviewed by a select committee from Ashoka.
2nd Runner Up will be awarded:
All Finalists (top 20):
Thanks to an innovative co-review partnership with Unfunded List, all of the Finalist applications will also be independently reviewed by an experienced evaluation committee. Each finalist will receive helpful and candid feedback regardless of whether or not they win.
Special Nomination(7):
Additionally, 7 applicants will also be nominated to receive an Ashoka review.
Individuals and organizations that submit an application for The Sharing Award must fulfill each and every one of the following criteria to be deemed eligible:
Individuals and organizations must have fully developed conceptual ideas or existing projects that focus on tackling challenges faced by migrants and refugees. Examples include projects in the areas of: entrepreneurship, job opportunity, education, leadership development, capacity building, interfaith dialogue, integration, developing welcoming communities and civic engagement.
Applicants must have a valid mailing address where postal mail can be shipped.
Applicants must have a bank account (eligible financial institution account) in the name of the organization or individual (special circumstances will be considered).
A worthy Ambassador for Refugees at United Nations Foundation event with Senior Officials. Manyang says the lost boys must continue to contribute their quota towards the emergence of a better Southern Sudan
What do you make of the political and economic developments in South Sudan, and what is it "lost boys" who have eventually turned out to be amazing success stories could do to help build or contribute your home country forward?
The political and economic landscape in South Sudan is an ever improving one with the people's voice slowly but surely making a dent in actions taken by the government. With new appointees that have fresh ideas, I think that there is a lot of hope that we can look forward to.
My advice to successful citizens and especially those considered lost boys, is to invest in South Sudan. The country will not move forward if those of us who have learned and excelled in our respective professions or ventures do not return to invest our time, financial resources and key partners.
Yours has been a tale of resilience in the face of great odds, what message can you send the millions of refugees across Africa and the world going through experiences similar to what you went through?
Accept that Life is NOT "Supposed to be Fair": Know that there is no single way that life is "supposed" to be. Demanding that life meet our expectations is a sure fire recipe for a miserable existence. Life is a game with no rules. Life just happens to us regardless of our best intentions. Our only path to happiness lies in being open to receiving whatever life throws at us with Gratitude.
*For more information on the awards and how to apply visit here
AFDB: Supporting Adesina for second term in US Interest-Former U.S Exec Dir to the AFDB Mima Nedelcovych
June 8, 2020 | 0 Comments
I am fully convinced with the responses provided by Dr Adesina to the accusations of the whistleblowers , says Dr Mima Nedelcovych Former U.S. Exec Dir to the AFDB.
Unless the US government is holding some secret that the American public is not aware of, I see absolutely no reason why it should not wholeheartedly support the re-election of President Akinwumi Adesina for a second term at the helm of the African Development Bank, says Dr Mima Nedelcovych Former U.S. Exec Dir to the AFDB.
In an exclusive interview with Pan African Visions, Dr Nedelcovych says "If competing with the Chinese in Africa is primordial to the US, then supporting the position of our African fellow shareholders in the AFDB and supporting President Adesina is in our own interests."
Adesina has established the framework for furthering the critically important role that the AfDB is playing in the development and inclusive growth of the continent, says Dr Nedelcovych. With his vision and execution of the "High 5s" for Africa, Dr Adesina has contributed tremendously to the development of the continent, and President Obasanjo and other former African Presidents have every reason to come out in public support of the champion that the current AFDB President is, Dr Nedelcovych says.
On the whistleblower allegations that triggered the current tensions between AFDB partners, Dr Mima Nedelcovych says the internal inquiry did its job fully in line with statutory guidelines. " For me, those accusations that were made public and investigated by the Ethics Committee, have been responded to in great detail by President Adesina to my full satisfaction," says Dr Nedelcovych
Dr Adesina and the AfDB have stepped up when most needed for an African institution to lead the way in the responses to the Covid-19 pandemic ,says Dr Nedelcovych who also shares his take on expectations for a second Adesina term, and how U.S -African relations have fared under the first term of President Donald Trump.
Dr Mima Nedelcovych served as the 1989 to 1993 as the U.S. Executive Director to the African Development Bank (AfDB) may we start this interview with some historical context on the relationship between the USA and the African Development Bank?
The US is the largest non-regional shareholder of the AfDB, and one of the major contributors to the African Development Fund, the concessional window. The AfDB has always had strong support from the US and that continues to be the case.
What was your working relationship like with the AFDB leadership at the time, what are some of the pleasant and less pleasant experiences or souvenirs that come to mind?
The pleasant experiences were seeing the AfDB take up its role as the major development institution on the continent under the visionary guidance of then President, the late Babacar Ndiaye. It was during the time I sat on the Board that the Private Sector Department was officially set up (previously the bank did not make non-sovereign loans) the African Export Import Bank was established, the African Business Roundtable was formed, and generally speaking the realization that the private sector was going to be the engine of growth was finally accepted. On the unpleasant side are memories of certain African countries falling in arrears to the very bank they should have been championing while keeping current on other MDB engagements.
In a recent letter, USA Treasury Secretary Steve Mnuchin expressed misgivings about the outcome of an internal inquiry that cleared AFDB President Akinwumi Adesina of any wrong doing and called for the appointment of an outside investigator, what did you make of the letter and the US position?
The US Governor, as does every shareholder, has the right to question management's application of policies and guidelines as established by the shareholders themselves. Upon receiving the letter from the US Governor, the Ivoirian Governor, as the Chair of the Governing Board this year, in my mind did the exactly right thing. She took into consideration the supposition made by the US Treasury Secretary, reviewed it in the light of the formal procedures and guidelines, and concluded that the policies were followed and that the Ethics Committee cleared the President beyond any doubt.
Furthermore, she has asked that the whole whistleblowers statute be formally reviewed, so that it may remain effective, but not become abusive to the proper conduct of the bank. She has asked that an external well-respected individual be recruited to provide an outside unbiased perspective within the next six weeks, so that this matter is cleared up and does not smear the Annual Meetings and the election of the President. The full review of the whistleblower statues and its applications will take a longer period and should not impede the normal functioning of the bank. It is at this point that the shareholders should come to agreement as how to treat similar accusations in the future, balancing the need for such a statute for proper governance with the assurances that serious charges can be properly documented and not be issued lightly or frivolously.
President Adesina, in his vision and execution of the "High 5s" for Africa, has contributed an awful lot to the development of the African continent, says Dr Nedelcovych
Beyond your stint at the Bank, we know you continue to monitor developments closely, have frictions of this nature or such stark contrast in positions been common between the USA and the AFDB?
Frictions are always to be found in international organizations; it is the nature of the beast as every shareholder has the right to their own opinion. Having said that, I must admit that this "disagreement" is the starkest of any I have seen in the past between the US and the AfDB.
What were your impressions after reading the whistleblower report, were you convinced with the responses from Dr Adesina and do you think the internal inquiry did its job in line with statutory provisions that guide the resolutions of incidents of that nature at the AFDB?
I have known President Adesina for quite some time, including in his previous positions as Minister of Agriculture in Nigeria and at the Rockefeller Foundation, and I am fully convinced with the responses provided by him to the accusations of the whistleblowers. And yes, the internal inquiry did its job fully in line with the statutory guidelines. If there is something that the USG or other shareholders know and/or that the whistleblowers know, then that should be presented to the external individual that will be appointed to conduct the review. For me, those accusations that were made public and investigated by the Ethics Committee, have been responded to in great detail by President Adesina to my full satisfaction.
Considering that Dr Adesina was literally endorsed by all African countries and was on course to get a second term since there was no challenger, some see in the U.S position a form of opposition to Dr Adesina, what information are you getting from your networks, does the US have an issue with a second term for Dr Adesina?
That question is better posed to representatives of the USG. I have been out of government for over 25 years now and happily since in the private sector, where the African continent is finally and truly becoming a very promising market for investors.
What do you make of reactions from people like former President Obasanjo, the Nigerian Minister of Finance and others who have come out forcefully to speak in support of Adesina?
President Adesina, in his vision and execution of the "High 5s" for Africa, has contributed an awful lot to the development of the African continent. He and the AfDB have stepped up also when most needed for an African institution to lead the way in the responses to the Covid-19 pandemic. So, President Obasanjo and the large number of former African Presidents that came out in support of President Adesina have every reason and right to come forward and publicly support their champion.
In a recent open letter to Treasury Secretary Steve Mnuchin, Ambassador Harold E. Doley, Jr, the first ever U.S Representative to the AFDB called on the US to support Adesina, may we have your views on the letter, and do you share his call for the US to back Adesina?
I am in total alignment with my good friend Harold Doley, Jr's accolades for all that President Adesina has achieved to date, and I would add that Adesina has established the framework for furthering the critically important role that the AfDB is playing in the development and inclusive growth of the continent. As for the US backing Adesina, unless the USG is holding some secret that the American public is not aware of, I see absolutely no reason for the US to not wholeheartedly support the re-election of President Adesina.
What is your assessment of the way Dr Adesina has managed the AFDB in his first term, in what areas have you seen progress and what would you like to see from him in a second term?
President Adesina came in with a very big vision and mission embodied in the High 5s that I very much supported from day 1. This was and is the necessary vision to bring the African continent into the mainstream of the world economy. The basic tenets of the high 5s that I certainly experience every day as a business person in Africa, those being that farming is a business and a growth sector, that without power you cannot industrialize, that without industry you cannot create inclusive growth and wealth, that without integration you cannot scale and be competitive, and that without those 4 you cannot achieve the 5th of improving the quality of life of Africa's people are at the core of that mission.
Big visions take time to implement and are often not easy to execute. They required structural changes in the body of the bank, which included both the reorganization and the strengthening of the professional cadre and morale in the bank. As an outside observer, champion and client of the bank, I see these changes taking root and the results beginning to give fruit. What I would like to see in his second term is to give him and the AfDB the time to ripen those fruits to full fruition and in consonance with the fruition I see of the African continent as a whole in today's world economy.
To Mima Nedelcovych ,If competing with the Chinese in Africa is primordial to the US, then supporting the position of its African fellow shareholders in the African Development Bank and supporting President Adesina is critical .
When we last interviewed you in December 2016, you opined that the Trump Administration will discover the reality of good deals in a rapidly changing Africa, what changes have you seen in US-African relations in the first term of President Trump?
The best thing that has happened is the passing of the US Build Act that has created the US Development Finance Corporation with all it new tools and authorities that could make it a major player on the continent. Furthermore, the Prosper Africa Initiative that recognized that prosperity is a two-way street, is good for American business as it is good for African business and the uplifting of the African population. The reauthorization of the US EXIM Bank is another very important element. Taken as a whole, and especially as evidenced by the goal of having "Deal Teams" at each US Embassy, coordinating all the arms and tools of the USG, will be a big boon for US businesses entering or already operating in Africa.
What do you make of the fact that President Trump has not visited Africa in his first term, does this not send the wrong message to the kind of US-African relations that people like you and many others have been advocating for?
As an American doing business in Africa, whether President Trump visits Africa or not is of no particular concern to me. What is of concern is to get the full-blown support of the USG through the Deal Teams and that those teams and the vision of that support is effectively executed. And that is why all those new instruments are important.
A very astute African business colleague once remarked that the African business train is leaving the station. The Chinese have clearly gotten on board, now it is up to Americans to decide whether to board and participate in that economic growth or not. I would add that simply bashing the Chinese is not the answer, the answer for our mutual benefit is providing our African colleagues an alternative option, a solution to their problems and turning them into opportunities.
We end with a last word from you on how you see this standoff between the U.S and the AFDB eventually playing out and if you do not mind a word on your company Africa Global Partners as well.
The way I look at it, the African Development Bank is the continent's most prominent and influential multilateral player and is one of the few such institutions that the US has a commanding say over the Chinese. If competing with the Chinese in Africa is primordial to the US, then supporting the position of our African fellow shareholders in the African Development Bank and supporting President Adesina is in our own interests.
Two years ago, I turned over my mantle as President of the Initiative for Global Development, and returned to Chairing the two companies I have been associated with since departing the AfDB in 1993, AfricaGlobal Partners in DC and Schaffer International in Louisiana. We are both advisers and developers of projects, and our sweet spot is the nexus of agro-industry, clean energy and infrastructure. I also proudly sit on the Boards of the US owned Vista Bank Group (focused on SME lending) in West Africa, Fayus International, a Sacramento, CA based food processor and distributor operating throughout Africa, and the Niger Delta Partnership Initiative in Nigeria.
Cameroon: Collective Efforts Needed For Efficient Results in COVID-19 Fight — Dr Martin Mokake
By Boris Esono Nwenfor
Dr Martin Mokake, Director of the Buea Regional Hospital say for them (medical personnel) to put their lives in danger is not much of a problem, but putting their lives without the necessary protective equipment is uncalled for. The Director was speaking to PAV's Cameroon Reporter in an exclusive interview on Wednesday, May 27, 2020.
The Director has stated that it is impossible for you to suffocate to death while wearing a mask, while also detailing the psychological difficulties the health personnel go through taking care of COVID-19 patients.
" Together if we organize ourselves individually, and respect the measures put in place by the government, and the Ministry of Health we will be able to fight this deadly virus and win," says Dr Mokake
Dr Martin Mokake, Director of the Buea Regional Hospital
PAV: Some Cameroonians still do not believe that coronavirus exists. What do you say to them?
Dr Martin Mokake: Coronavirus is here; it is ravaging the society, killing people, and making others very sick, and yet, I do not understand why someone would not believe it exists. Sometimes I have heard a lot of postulates; some people say it is a way for hospitals and governments to make money. The question I ask myself is that all governments will come together from Europe, Asia, America, Africa to formulate something that deceives the whole world, I think it is far fetched.
Coronavirus has come to kill us, to make our lives difficult, it has come to destroy economies of many countries, and I think the earlier we start believing and seeing that coronavirus is not our friend, then that is the first step to defeating coronavirus. If someone does not believe then he will not take the measures lay down by the government, and WHO. When they do not do that the infection rate climbs.
PAV: There is the call from the government for everyone to wear face masks, how long should an individual wear these masks, and what are the potential health risks of wearing the masks?
Dr Martin Mokake: Recently, I have read a lot about masks choking people to death, which is completely false. I will employ you to do a little exercise, cover your nose, and mouth tight and do not breath; you will found out that you cannot do that because your brain will not even allow you to do that. A mask cannot suffocate you to death, it is impossible.
Looking into wearing the masks, normally we can wear a surgical mask for approximately 3 hours, and it needs to be changed. However, surgical masks are not for everybody. First, they are rare to come by and definitely we cannot have that for everybody. What we use in the society are masks that are made up of fabrics, and sometimes people factually complain that they do not breath well with those masks, it is a possibility. I will advise that if you are not in a position, in an area where there are many people, or if you are alone, why would you want to wear a mask?
The standardized masks have been made in such a way there are filters (the air you are breathing goes through the masks, and the air you are breathing is not the air in the mask — air without the masks). I have heard theories of carbonmonoxide poisoning because of masks, and factually it is impossible. However, there is always a nasty feeling when you put on the masks for long hours; the air you exhale usually comes out with the body temperature and so, it is hot. Without the masks, you do not feel that but with it, you feel the hot air. We need to make a decision here, wear the masks and save lives with its inconveniences or not to wear the masks and be exposed.
PAV: As a doctor, you work with nurses, especially in the COVID ward, what are some challenges you and the nurses go through on a daily basis?
Dr Martin Mokake: Our challenges are enormous. I want to salute the medical personnel that are risking their lives to save human lives. We have been victims of slander, victims of molestation, people have beaten up medical personnel, people have spat on them, and people have abused them and accused them wrongly. Yet, those are people who never come to the media, or social media to justify themselves.
Many people think since we are medical personnel we do not have feelings, or we do not have, "heart" or we do not have families. Putting our lives in danger is not much of a problem, but putting our lives without the necessary protective equipment is uncalled for. We have been having a lot of challenges fighting against the COVID-19 with the limited resources we have, blaming nobody as we all know that no government was prepared to fight the virus. Fighting the coronavirus comes with various psychological difficulties; when you think how medical personnel are completely exposed. If you have a little fever or headache you think you are down as well. It is not a secret that we have had a lot of medical personnel with the South West Region tested positive for COVID-19. We are trying within the Regional Hospital in Buea to put mental health nurses and clinical psychologists at the disposition of our medical staff and our patients to make sure that we can boost their psychology.
We will continue the fighting because even when we are tired we cannot stop fighting because our primary aim is the community, and our patients
PAV: Many people in the society have accused hospital staff of tagging anyone as COVID patients. Does the hospital do that?
Dr Martin Mokake: I think they may have a point, and they may also have to listen. Sometimes people want to see what they want to see. We in the hospital have advised that if you do not have something pertinent to do in the hospital please do not come. It does not mean if you come we will catch you and lock you up, it simply means the hospital is a high risks area where people can get infected. We do not have the logistics to keep people, so there is no point coming to the hospital and say you have flu, someone is going to quarantine you for any reason. Nobody tags anybody a COVID-19 patient.
Not every cough or flu or fever is COVID-19. How do we know it is not COVID-19, we have to examine you are take some simple steps. So do we assume that this flu is not COVID-19 and send you home to die? Our society is always about accusation, and yet, the reality needs to be handled. We are not going to tag anybody, we have strict rules in this hospital that do not disclose the identity of anybody's test death or alive. Families have the results in their pocket, but they do not belief it is COVID-19 because they feel that it is a stigma. It is not and nobody goes to buy it in the market.
PAV: Does the hospital burry COVID-19 patients?
Dr Martin Mokake: We should know that the hospital does not burry patients. We have heard rumours that when people die the hospital takes them away and burry. It is unethical, and the hospital is never going to do anything that goes against medical ethics. It is responsibility of the council to do the burial. When a COVID patient dies in the hospital it is there the hospital's responsibility ends, the council comes to the hospital, disinfect it for burial. We do not even disinfect graves, nobody does that. So if you slammed the hospital for not coming to disinfect the grave we will forgive you for ignorance but it is our responsibility to educate you on what it is supposed to be.
PAV: There is a situation now in Buea where people who may have symptoms to call instead for the call to be picked in Buea it is done so in Yaounde wasting so much time. What is being done to decentralize the call centres?
Dr Martin Mokake: Yes, the national numbers that have been given (1510) is still a centralized call system. This is one of the things we have been discussing in meetings, and they are working on, to decentralize. We understand that every society has its peculiarities. For example, a mother in Ekona wants to call because she has symptoms and knows how to speak just Pidgin English, and she calls and someone respond to her in English or French, and she cannot really understand they become frustrated. We have tabled this problem, and we have told them (Officials in Yaounde) that this is something that the population is not happy about. The national call centre should be decentralized why not even at the level of the sub divisional level that within Buea you have a call centre in Buea, Limbe, Tiko, and Muyuka and there we will be able to serve the population even better.
PAV: How equipped is the Buea Regional Hospital to take care of COVID-19 patients?
Dr Martin Mokake: It is equipped to a certain level; we do not have ventilators here to put people on artificial ventilation. We have been working with other partners to try to equip the ward (COVID ward). What we have is a 20 bed facility (refurbished with the help of MSF, and the government of Cameroon). We have 10 beds for the confirmed cases, and 10 for the suspected cases. We are working with the protocols from the WHO as stipulated from the time of the Ebola virus. We are also constructing a 24 VIP area whereby we are going to use for isolation as it is in the roofing stage. An ambulance has been set aside for the transportation of COVID patients. The hospital spends a lot to take care of its patients and staff.
Dr Mokake says people should wear the surgical masks at least 3 hours a day
PAV: How long should someone wait for the results of their test?
Dr Martin Mokake: Testing has evolved recently because we had a problem whereby we will send the tests to Yaounde it will take one week before we get the results and it caused a lot of psychological problems to the patients. Now, the testing centre in the University of Buea is fully functional, and we have our results 24 hours or 48 hours maximum. In this case it has help in the management of patients. The workers including myself have routines times when we see that we should be tested to make sure that we are ok and not also serving as a source of contamination to our patients who are not suspects.
PAV: Any Message to the Population?
Dr Martin Mokake: We just want to encourage the population and thank them for their understanding. If you have any symptoms please try to contact any health personnel around your vicinity, and they will advise you on what to do. Together if we organize ourselves individually, and respect the measures put in place by the government, and the Ministry of Health we will be able to fight this deadly virus and win. We will continue the fighting because even when we are tired we cannot stop fighting because our primary aim is the community, and our patients.
The picture now shows a rising level of infections within the South West Region. As at May 27, the South West Region has a total of 97 confirmed cases of the coronavirus in the Region. The major areas include: Mamfe, Kumba, Buea, and Limbe.
COVID 19 & Beyond:Time For Africa To Look Inward For Solutions-Former Mauritius President Ameenah Gurib-Fakim
Dr Ameenah Gurib was the first female President of Mauritius. Photo credit Forbes Africa
As Africa grapples with adequate measures to cushion the ravages of COVID-19, Dr Ammenah Gurib-Fakim says it is time for the continent to take ownership and leadership in solving its own problems.
Speaking in a skype interview from Port Louis, the Biodiversity Scientist who served as the first Woman and 6th President of Mauritius, says it is time that Africa digs deep in its pockets, bring out all the philanthropists , business community, governments , and all the full resources available to power the continent forward.
"Africa has resources, and should be able to change the narrative, work with the international community but more importantly should start investing in ourselves. Up until we start doing this, we will always be in the narrative of waiting for other people to come and help us," says Dr Ameenah Fakim as she urges the continent to invest in institutions, and training human capital.
Addressing concerns about testing vaccines in Africa, Dr Ameenah Gurib Fakim says using Africans as guinea pigs should be out of the question.
"Whenever a trial is done on the continent it must be done in the right way, with the consent of the person, we do not talk about "guinea pigs" but volunteers, so the person who is participating in the clinical trial must have given his/her consent," she said.
PAV: Madam President Good afternoon, and thanks for accepting to grant this interview.
Dr Ameenah Fakim: Good afternoon and you are welcome.
PAV: Let us start with the situation in your home country. How is Mauritius fairing with regards to the coronavirus pandemic?
Dr Ameenah Fakim: We have been in lockdown for the past two weeks, and as of today we are counting over two hundred and fifty (250) infected cases and seven (7) deaths.
PAV: There are concerns about the capabilities of healthcare infrastructures across Africa to handle the pandemic, how equipped, and prepared are health facilities in Mauritius?
Dr Ameenah Fakim: In Mauritius ever since we got independence, we have systematically invested in the health sector; the health service is free in Mauritius. We have also invested in the past fifty-plus years on social security nets. This has been one of the pillars in Mauritius, and right now I am very pleased that our founding fathers of this country had this vision to set up a social security net especially the wealth gap.
We are going to be stretched a bit. We keep getting a lot of infections, and what we are encouraging people to do is to stay home so that the pressure does not build on the health services in this country. Having said this, I am concerned about what is going to happen in the African continent because unfortunately, the infrastructure is going to be pushed a great deal but more importantly, if we look at the advice of the WHO they are talking about social distancing, washing hands properly, and in many places, unfortunately, these are still luxuries.
Many people are leaving in cramped conditions in one room, social distancing is out of the question, access to water is an issue, social security net in many of the fragile states is out of the question, and even food is an issue. We talk about people staying home, those operating in the informal sector they are going to be challenged because if they do not work, they do not eat. So unfortunately, in many of these places, the concerns are there that the COVID may not get them, but hunger will.
PAV: Let us talk a little more about the pandemic, what should Africa brace itself for, just how bad could this be and what impact do you see socially, politically and economically for the continent?
Dr Ameenah Fakim: The interesting thing about what is happening in Europe, and what we are observing in many parts of West Africa is that it has not hit so badly so far. I am not going to be controversial here, but could this be because Africa has been hit by so many of these pandemics they have developed somehow a little bit of resistance but already we are seeing that South Africa has enacted all the measures of social distancing, and all that so they are taking it very seriously. Whether we get the true picture of what is going on in Africa depends on the capacity to test. Now, do they have the means to do all the testing? That is the issue
We are just praying that the right measures will be taken on board in the African countries so that more importantly people stay away from those who are infected, and those who are infected have their tests, and have the appropriate care that they need.
In terms of political impact, one thing we have to address is what the COVID has done which has revealed the state of our institutions in the continent. When we talk about the state of our institutions, first is the healthcare system which we find will not be able to cope that much. The second issue which I have always been talking about is the exodus of our competence from the continent, and right now we need all the capacity we can have to be able to handle this and you know the ratio of Doctors to population is very weak on the continent. So, I fear that we may not have the appropriate human capacity to be able to tackle this pandemic. In terms of the pressure politically, time will tell but I think many governments will be under a lot of pressure to be able to address this crisis which the health sector is facing.
Africa must start invest in itself and do more in building its institutions says Dr Ameenah Fakim Photo credit: James Duncan Davidson/TED
PAV: Leaders like Mohamadou Issoufou of Niger say the world needs to consider a Marshal Plan for Africa to help cushion the impact of the pandemic, is this something that you subscribe to?
Ameenah Fakim: I have signed a letter which we sent to the G20 in terms of the measures. We have a plea that people come together, governments come together, institutions come together to capitalise the institutions to help provide the social security net, provide medication all these. These are all our wishes that we will like to put to governments, and institutions. When we talk about the Marshal plan that was of course in 1948, it was done for a particular purpose, for reconstruction immediately after World War II. Right now we are talking about a global pandemic and this calls for countries to come together.
The scenario now is not the same as it was then. My narrative all the time has been African countries have got fifty plus years of post-independence history. It is time that we look at the continent, start digging in our pockets, bringing all the philanthropists, business communities, government because Africa is a very rich continent.
Africa has resources and should be able to change the narratives, work with the international community but more importantly should start investing in ourselves. Up until we start doing this, we will always be in the narrative of waiting for other people to come and help us. The international community has been going a great job of helping us. Beyond the solidarity, we need to start looking at ourselves and I mean this very seriously beyond the health crisis, we have a young population and we need to start investing in them.
We need to start investing in our institutions, training our human capital is our responsibility, keeping the population is our responsibility, so let us all come together to use our resources for the betterment of our institutions, and, of course, our human capital.
PAV: The African Development Bank is setting aside big sums to help African countries fight the pandemic. Considering the poor track records of managing resources across the African continent, is there a message you have for African leaders on how to manage these resources?
Dr Ameenah Fakim: If you look at a country like Rwanda, Paul Kagame after the genocide turned things around. This country does not have many resources, but I think it is leadership. We need to start looking at our leadership as I said invest in our institutions because this is something that will go beyond the lifetime of the leader. We need to start building our institutions, and it comes with investment, with investment in human capital, and in our people and institutions. We need to start building, it should have started yesterday, as we are here with COVID-19, we can start immediately after the pandemic is over but go and invest in our institutions.
Next thing I will also like to point out is that Africa has just signed up to the Continental Free Trade Agreement, there is nothing to prevent West or East Africa trading together, bringing the necessary goods and services and encouraging the movement of people so that we can promote brain circulation so that we can promote human capital, trade, goods and services across the continent. So, this is something we need to start looking at very seriously.
PAV: There has been a lot of controversy in recent times about the vaccine and testing that are needed in Africa coming from two French doctors who said Africa should be the centre for some of these testing. Being a scientist and a former leader, do you think Africans should be concerned about participating in trial runs for any potential vaccines?
Dr Ameenah Fakim: Clinical trial is an inevitable step in drug development and vaccine development. Now, do we need to incorporate Africans in clinical trials? Yes, we need to incorporate Africans. We need to do it in the right way, the same way we do it in the United States, Europe, Asia, and other areas. We need more Africans in these clinical trials. The reason why we need more Africans in these clinical trials is that genetics matter. Whenever a drug is developed in the North it is tested with Caucasians, in Asians, unfortunately, we do not see many Africans being part of the clinical trial panel. Genetics matter because whatever dosage is being developed for a Caucasia or Asian person may not be the right dosage.
Whenever a trial is done on the continent it must be done in the right way, with the consent of the person, we do not talk about "guinea pigs" but volunteers, so the person who is participating in the clinical trial must have given his/her consent. Coming back to the issue on whether we should use Africans as "guinea pigs", certainly not. Everything must be done appropriately but we need more Africans in these clinical trials so that the dosage and the drug whenever we are prescribing to African genotype it makes a big difference to his or her health.
PAV : Let us talk about leadership from former Presidents like you, former Prime Ministers, across the continent, what role do you think they can play in addressing such a pandemic and generally trying to make sure that Africa stays on the right path to progress?
Dr Ameenah Fakim: I think past leaders have the responsibility of mentoring and this is what I have given myself the task of mentoring girls in science because of my background. We need to educate our girls and to bring them there we need to be a role model for the girl who is growing up in a village in Africa to know that it is possible to reach a certain position through hard work. In the current pandemic, we have the responsibility of advocating, speaking to governments, addressing, and seeing how we can provide best practices. I feel that at this moment in time, we need to be able to know what are the best practices and how do we also speak to the people so that they can adopt best practices so that we can get this pandemic behind us.
Having said this, getting the pandemic behind us is short term, what we have to ensure is that the conversation and the communication still go on because a second or third wave is not impossible as it is already happening in some countries as we have seen in China, Singapore. We have to make sure that when we address this issue on the continent, the conversation remains alive so that we do not get this issue again and again, and I can assure you that we have not seen the last of the COVID. We have not seen the last of any pandemic because climate change will be the next pandemic we have to settle.
Dr Ameenah Gurib believes that any clinical trials for vaccines in Africa must follow standard protocols
PAV: Let us end this interview with an opportunity again for you to make a direct statement to everyday hardworking Africans on safety ad survival measures. How can they walk their way around this troubling time and with all the wave of panic across the continent can you also give a positive message on the way forward?
Dr Ameenah Fakim: I think what we have to do in this incident is to communicate, communicate to the people, encourage governments to do tests, tests and more tests. Hopefully, with the necessary financial measures that are been put in place, we will be able to provide the safety nets for those who are desperately in need for it. It also calls for a time of solidarity and I know that at the level of the African Union, there is an effort to get people to contribute to a fund so that they can then use that to help those people who are in desperate need. Here I have a special thought to those children because I am also working with Save the Children in Africa and I know that they have huge needs as well.
PAV: Madam President thank you so much for talking to Pan African Visions
Dr Ameenah Fakim: Thank you for having me. It has been a pleasure and as I said let us work towards getting rid of this COVID virus fast so we can start building ourselves again.
*Interview conducted earlier this month for Pan African Visions Magazine. To get Copies contact [email protected], and [email protected]
Cameroon:Law On Official Languages Will Yield Results If Embraced By All-George Ngwane
Following the promulgation into law on the promotion of Official Languages (English and French) on the 24th December 2019 by the President of the Republic, the National Commission for the Promotion of Bilingualism and Multiculturalism is heralding a nation-wide mission aimed at exchanging views with targeted professionals on the merits of this law on Bilingualism. The Sun newspaper's Managing Editor Wasso Norbert Binde caught up with a scholar on Language Commissions, prolific writer and conflict management panAfricanist Mwalimu George Ngwane to shed some light in an interview on some of the black and white provisions found in the law.
The added value is that this law now transforms our official languages from a state policy to a citizen policy action instrument, says Mwalimu Ngwane
Mwalimu, first of all thank you for accepting to grant us an interview on the law of Official Languages in Cameroon. As a scholar on Language Acts and Commissions,What is the novelty in this law?
Thanks for inviting me to engage your readers about this law. As you may know this is the first time in the life of our country to have a law on bilingualism. Granted that Article 1 sub 3 of our constitution stipulates that English and French are of equal status and granted as well that there exist a plethora of legal instruments that make bilingualism in Cameroon a state policy. I must also add here that barely in its two and a half years of existence the National Commission for the Promotion of Bilingualism and Multiculturalism has been associated with the conception of such a law. So for me the added value is that this law now transforms our official languages from a state policy to a citizen policy action instrument. In other words the law on bilingualism can be seen as an important step on the journey to upscaling the language rights of Cameroonians especially those from the minority official language community. It is now the responsibility of all public entities to make bilingualism a more robust user-centered and citizen-friendly activity.
But certain sections of the law have come under criticism right from the time the bill was sent to Parliament
That is true and I am sure you are referring especially to Section 19 and Section 26 which on the surface are controversial with regard to those of us who come from the Anglophone regions of the North West and South West. Just to refresh the minds of your readers Section 19 says Official correspondences between public entities shall be written in either of the two languages while Section 26 says English and French shall be used indiscriminately in ordinary law and special courts. Now these two Sections can be examined through the Language Commission prism of Inference and Interpretation. By Inference we may jump into the conclusion that correspondences or court communication in the Anglophone region may be rendered in French even though the language community is predominantly English-speaking- something which the Anglophone lawyers fought against as from 2015. But by Interpretation, at least from the perspective of any language body it must be made clear that laws on Official Languages focus on the principles of proportionality and specificity. Proportionality means Official language used is reflected by the proportion of language users in that community while the principle of specificity is informed by the historical and linguistic specificity of the language community. More so Section 26 sub 2 says court decisions shall be done following the language choice of the litigant. One can replace the legal term "litigant" with the global term "user" to mean that oral or written communication in any situation must respect the language choice of the user. This is what is called the principle of active offer. However with regard to official written correspondences served in either of the two languages it would have also been ideal to write both languages side by side as it is the case between Welsh and English in the United Kingdom or one language above the other as it is with some other bilingual communities.
While there are still some grey areas, Mwalimu Ngwane believes that the law marks significant progress
Let us take the case of our courts, what do you do if the Magistrate or Legal personnel does not speak or understand the language of the litigant?
I am told that the courts normally have Interpreters even though complaints have been made about some of them in relation to their mastery of oral translation. But this is an area to be examined seriously so that our courts and other public entities have Interpreters whose integrity and performance cannot be questioned. Secondly there is a need for public servants at a certain level and in this case Magistrates and others of their rank to be sufficiently bilingual. So the recommendation to your specific question is that bilingualism is something which all professional schools must henceforth take more seriously. Our government and I am sure this is within the purview of the Commission on Bilingualism should be working on what Canadians call the Public Service Official Languages Appointment Regulation or what we may simply call the Bilingualism Proficiency Appointment Charter. This is a Charter that places premium on appointment to certain positions in the public service based on the individual's bilingual capacity. Third, team spirit is very important in the dispensation of bilingual communication so having less bilingual and more bilingual personnel or two from different language communities working side by side is an option to also consider. And this should be from the front desk workers like mail officers, secretaries, janitors, security guards etc to the highest working level.
You just talked of translation and we find poor translation in some of our official documents, billboards and public notices; what is the problem?
I am happy you said some of… because frankly the bulk of our translation is fantastic. Cameroon has about the most talented professional Translators and Interpreters in the world. They are found in most continental and world bodies, ample testimony that our Schools of Translators and Interpreters meet up with global standards. When the Commission on Bilingualism visited the various Ministries and parapublic institutions they discovered that most of them have Translation units. So the problem with some of the poor translation you are referring to cannot be due to a lack of professional Translators. Could it be that some of the Translators are not functionally empowered, could this arise from the erroneous notion that a minimum knowledge of the two languages can just qualify you as a Translator or could it just be a neglect of the fundamental role professional Translators play in our society? I am sure members of the Association of Professional Translators and Interpreters can best answer your question.
Now, let us come back again to the law proper, what do you consider as some of the strong sections in this law?
I am sorry I cannot quote all of the positive sections by heart. However I know of one that stipulates the right of every citizen to freely communicate in the language of their choice so expressions like "je ne comprend pas ton Anglais la" or " you are even speaking Mbouda French" should now be stigmas or pejoratives of the past. Another section also talks of the state providing incentives for greater proficiency or what is called bilingualism bonus. I also have in mind I think it is Section 16 that encourages code switching which means using both languages alternately in the same official speech.
And which are the dark areas or sections?
I prefer to call them the grey areas because they are a little loose ended and open to subjective implementation. We have already talked of Sections 19 and 26 although I must add that other public entities like the health sector where diagnosis and prescriptions are made by the medical practitioner to a patient in a language the patient does not master. How about the notion of bilingual colleges today/ How about the monolingual medium of instruction in some professional schools including those in the Anglophone region? Yet and on a very personal assessment I feel much has been covered in our bilingualism journey from the time I was arrested and locked up in March 1990 just for writing and questioning the validity of our bilingualism state policy to today where state officials use both languages effortlessly. Thirty years after it is both a personal vindication for me and a linguistic paradigm shift for the government. Of course we have not yet arrived but we are on track.
A key proposal from Mwalimu Ngwane is the government working on the creation of Bilingualism Proficiency Appointment Charter similar to what the Canadians call the Public Service Official Languages Appointment Regulation
Finally what sanctions are written in the law for those who violate these provisions?
Well, sanctions have not been implicitly built into the law. We all wish they were because implementation is a problem with especially state officials. But my take is that first those who do not implement the law expose themselves to self-sanctions because they limit their chances on career upward mobility. Second I think it must be Section 27 of this law that says the state shall ensure the monitoring and evaluation of the law through an Advisory body. That Advisory body I am certain is the Commission on Bilingualism which has the role of receiving complaints or petitions from the public on the violation of their linguistic freedom or abuse of their language rights. It has already been doing this through its webpage and telephone hotline 1518. Most language commissions prefer the tongue rather than the teeth approach to sanctions. By this they carry out investigations, send reports to other state bodies like Human Rights or Parliament, call the violator to order through oral or written means or sometimes do a kind of name and shame report on the violator.
Any final word Mwalimu?
No law is static and when it comes to law on languages it is always prone to revisions and amendments based on public feedback and contestations. The Welsh Language Act of 1993 has been revised so many times and already in 2015 they have a new language law called the Wales Measure. I was privileged thanks to the Commonwealth Professional Fellowship offered me in 2016 to have understudied the Welsh Language Commissioner in Wales. Other Official Language Acts in Northern Canada, Belgium, Spain and Ireland have been subjected to revisions and amendments after being tested on the field. It is therefore advisable for governments to be sensitive to citizen response to the law on languages. But before then let us give the language law a chance to be tested on the field for like it is said in French "le macon sera connu au pied du mur".
Thanks Mwalimu
My pleasure Sir
*Culled from The Sun Newspaper. Photo Illustrations by PAV
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Q: Drupal6: In theme_preprocess_page(&$vars), where do $vars come from? (How to manipulate breadcrumb) I want to remove the breadcrumb when it's just one entry ("Home"). I'm in my theme's theme_preprocess_page(&$vars) function. $vars['breadcrumb'] is available, but it's just HTML. This is a bit to clumsy to work with. I'd rather get it as an array of items in the breadcrumb list, and do something like this:
if (count($breadcrumb) == 1) {
unset($breadcrumb);
}
Where does $vars come from? How can I override the code creating it originally?
A: A $vars array is passed on between all preprocess functions. In case of the _preprocess_page functions, most of the values in $vars are created in template_preprocess_page (see http://api.drupal.org/api/function/template_preprocess_page/6). In that function, you'll see:
$variables['breadcrumb'] = theme('breadcrumb', drupal_get_breadcrumb());
Here, drupal_get_breacrumb returns an array of breadcrumb elements, which is then themed by the theme_breadcrumb() function (or its override).
The easiest way to get what you want is to override the theme_breadcrumb function. To do that, you take the original theme_breadcrumb function (http://api.drupal.org/api/function/theme_breadcrumb/6), copy it to your template.php, replace 'theme' in the function name with the name of your theme and alter the code so it looks like this:
function THEMENAME_breadcrumb($breadcrumb) {
if (count($breadcrumb) > 1) { // This was: if (!empty($breadcrumb))
return '<div class="breadcrumb">'. implode(' » ', $breadcrumb) .'</div>';
}
}
For a better understanding of Drupal theme overrides and preprocess functions, see About overriding themable output and Setting up variables for use in a template (preprocess functions).
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Jastrzębie-Zdrój (tyska: Bad Königsdorff-Jastrzemb) är en stad i södra Polen, belägen i vojvodskapet Śląsk, endast en mil från tjeckiska gränsen. Staden är relativt ny – den uppbyggdes på 1960-talet för i huvudsak polska gruvarbetare – och är idag väldigt utsträckt och saknar egentligt centrum. Staden har 90 089 invånare (2016).
Referenser
Städer i Schlesiens vojvodskap
Städer med powiatstatus i Schlesiens vojvodskap | {
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Farm Campus
Jackie Milne, the President of NFTI, is a local Hay River Métis woman with over 20 years of successful market gardening. Her business started as a way to safely provide for her family, but soon Jackie noticed how interested other people were in what she was doing. When she was hired to run workshops and travel to 13 communities around the Northwest Territories, she truly discovered the depth and breadth of learning that Northerners needed. People wanted to know 'How can we feed ourselves?' and this is not a question easily answered in a short 2 hour workshop without a demonstration garden!
NFTI grew out of this grassroots need for authentic northern food production education for our isolated communities. When Jackie Milne came up with the concept and laid out a detailed and ambitious long-term plan for truly empowering people of the north to restore our local food systems, it was a labour of love. NFTI was born, and instead of sending experts into communities, the idea was to invest in local people who will become the experts for their community by building their capacity through indepth hands-on learning experiences in 'living classrooms'. Throughout the first season of workshops, we were overwhelmed with the response from students to this strategy; they not only understood more about food production in the North, they actually had the skills and tools needed to begin businesses they are passionate about, learn about healthy and nutritional food, start alleviating the anxiety of food insecurity in their communities.
In September of 2013, the United Nations published their Trade and Environment Review 2013 "Wake Up Before it is Too Late: Make Agriculture Truly Sustainable for Food Security in a Changing Climate". This report recommends a rapid and significant shift in agriculture and the practical ways to accomplish this align with the Northern Farm Training Institute:
"The transition from an energy-intensive form of agriculture […] to a system that builds productive ecosystem services to sustain multifunctional, suitable, resilient, viable and equitable agriculture requires major new investments in institutions and infrastructure. This inevitably requires the creation of new research centres and initiatives, which should be dedicated to research, education and extension under a fully participatory system that will also favour women and cover ecosystem services, organic farming, agroecology and agroforestry. The ultimate aim of those centres and initiatives should be the transformation of the present agricultural research system at national, regional and international levels to cater to the needs of a new agricultural paradigm." – page 175 United Nations, March 2013
In March 2014, Jackie was asked to present at the Agriculture Canada AgriRisk Conference in Ottawa where she had a chance to share the NFTI dream of building a dedicated permanent farm campus based on the recommendations from the United Nations report.
Later in March, the Council of Canadian Academies published their report "Aboriginal Food Security in Northern Canada: An Assessment of the State of Knowledge." NFTI is mentioned in this very important report as one of the current 'Promising Practices to Build Food Security, Food Sovereignty, Health and Wellness with a Multidisciplinary Approach'.
NFTI began conversations with the Town of Hay River Economic Development Officer in the summer of 2013 to discuss the concept of the NFTI working farm and a potential site for the farm campus. In February 2014 the Town of Hay River completed their "Hay River Sustainable Agriculture Plan" which recommends actively supporting the development of a centre for agriculture incubation along with other recommendations to support education and communication of agriculture in Hay River.
The atmosphere was right for this type of a project in Hay River and with some dedicated work, we also secured the financial support needed to make the development of the farm campus a reality! In August 2014 during his Northern Tour, Prime Minister Stephen Harper announced Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency funding of $2 million over 2 years for NFTI. We had the opportunity to show him and his accompanying ministers around our students' garden plots in the Fort Smith Community Gardens and explain the long-term benefits of investing in sustainable agriculture and ongoing educational support for new farmers.
With this support, and a partnership with the Town of Hay River to lease an abandoned property previously owned by Northern Pork, NFTI began our ambitious task: transform an abandoned industrial pig barn site with 20 years of debris and neglect into a training and research centre which could support our vision. We repaired roads, restored power to the site, removed derelict buildings and cleaned up industrial waste. We recovered and recycled thousands of dollars worth of materials and infrastructure and moved forward in building accommodations, classrooms, offices, a store, industrial kitchen, greenhouses and barn. At the same time, we trained northerners through intensive experiential courses. We now have a complete campus with all the facilities required and are continuing to develop more and grow to meet the needs of our local community and northern farmers.
In November of 2016, Jackie was honoured with the Meritorious Service Medal. This award is given by the Right Honourable David Johnston, Governor General of Canada, on behalf of Her Majesty The Queen to recognize her outstanding contributions to our country. She will be traveling with her family to Ottawa to formally receive this medal in June. Jackie also has recently been sponsored by a private foundation to attend the Global Food Summit "Sequestering Carbon in Soil: Addressing the Climate Threat" in Paris, France in May.
NFTI in the News
https://nnsl.com/hayriverhub/mlas-gather-feedback-on-bills-in-hay-river/
https://nnsl.com/hayriverhub/five-organizations-in-hay-river-and-area-supported-by-anti-poverty-fund-of-the-gnwt/
https://inhabitat.com/the-organic-farm-teaching-sustainable-growing-techniques-in-canadas-cold-dark-north/
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/hay-river-shredded-paper-1.4907968
https://www.farms.com/ag-industry-news/n-w-t-family-wants-to-farm-potatoes-215.aspx
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/indoor-growing-damages-north-food-security-1.4099389
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/zak-the-yak-1.4070850
https://www.myyellowknifenow.com/26556/agriculture-laws-arent-enough-says-nwt-farming-expert/
https://www.myyellowknifenow.com/26379/nwt-making-shift-agriculture/
https://www.greenhousecanada.com/structures-equipment/greenhouses/the-true-north-strong-and-free-and-fed-31805
https://this.org/2017/07/25/whats-behind-the-high-cost-of-food-in-canadas-north/
https://norj.ca/2016/01/a-nifty-year-of-transformation-for-the-northern-farm-training-institute/
https://norj.ca/2016/02/adventures-in-flerding-the-nfti-goats-just-kept-coming/
https://norj.ca/2016/03/how-nfti-will-save-27000-lbs-of-food/
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/goats-hay-river-northern-farm-training-institute-1.3401995
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/northern-farming-hay-river-nwt-1.3670220
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/prof-nwt-led-greenhouse-funding-government-1.3572614
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/sudbury/sudbury-food-forest-1.3773842
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/plenty-of-local-eggs-in-gameti-1.3874789
https://www.myyellowknifenow.com/18200/hay-rivers-jackie-milne-receives-meritorious-service-medal/
https://www.myyellowknifenow.com/11508/hay-river-farm-animals-sort-of-get-taste-of-yellowknife-beer/
https://www.myyellowknifenow.com/10820/no-kidding-surprise-goat-pregnancies-stun-hay-river-farm/
https://www.myyellowknifenow.com/10993/hay-rivers-newborn-goats-need-baby-monitors/
https://uphere.ca/articles/can-north-feed-itself
https://edgenorth.ca/article/farm-in-a-can
https://edgenorth.ca/article/rethinking-northern-meat
https://www.foodincanada.com/features/growing-in-the-north/
https://www.macleans.ca/education/birds-bees-and-drones-the-new-face-of-canadian-agriculture/
https://www.prlog.org/12508341-savory-institute-announces-northern-farm-training-institute-nfti-as-an-accredited-savory-hub.html
http://media.wix.com/ugd/e31b91_cc5291121e3147d0a28b6faaead84e28.pdf
https://www.vice.com/en_ca/article/wd7e9w/northerners-fight-food-insecurity-with-first-farm-school
https://norj.ca/2015/09/working-to-restore-our-local-food-systems-wild-harvest-complemented-by-domestic-animals/
https://norj.ca/2015/11/chasing-food-sovereignty-fighting-climate-change/
https://norj.ca/2015/11/time-for-a-revolution-on-paris-soil-and-young-farmers/
https://norj.ca/2015/10/new-wave-nwt-farming-hits-golden-horseshoe/
https://norj.ca/2015/09/bombs-away-after-30-years-of-seeding-lakes-and-ponds-nwt-wild-rice-yields-a-bumper-crop/
https://www.myyellowknifenow.com/9357/nfti-to-become-local-hub-for-major-international-non-profit/
https://www.myyellowknifenow.com/1679/farming-hay-river-become-big-industry/
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/gameti-s-garden-grows-adds-goats-and-chickens-1.3109818
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/ndp-candidate-dennis-bevington-1.3256374
https://www.ctvnews.ca/politics/agriculture-dominates-second-day-of-harper-s-northern-tour-1.1972227
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/farmed-caribou-will-be-safe-from-pollution-dene-man-1.2602942
http://norj.ca/2013/02/northern-farm-training -institute-takes-root
http://norj.ca/2013/05/northern-farm-training -school-already-bearing-fruit
http:www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2013-05/may6_13dig.html
http:www.mmsl.com/frames/newspapers/2013-03/mar18_13gr.html
http:www.cbcc.ca/player/News/Canada/North/ID/2382419719
(around the 45min mark)
http:www.cbcc.ca/player/News/Canada/North/ID/2408409514/?page=2
(around the 6min mark)
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Michigan State tops rival Michigan for Big Ten Tournament title
Dylan Buell / Getty Images Sport / Getty
CHICAGO (AP) Matt McQuaid scored a career-high 27 points, Cassius Winston converted the go-ahead layup in the closing minute, and No. 6 Michigan State rallied to beat No. 10 Michigan 65-60 for its sixth Big Ten Tournament championship on Sunday.
The top-seeded Spartans (28-6) rallied from a 13-point deficit in the second half and scored the game's final 10 points to capture their first championship since 2016. No other program has won the tournament as many times as Michigan State, and this one was particularly sweet.
After all, the Spartans prevented a championship three-peat by Michigan (28-6) and beat their rivals for the third time this season.
McQuaid nailed a personal-best seven 3-pointers. Winston, the Big Ten Player of the Year, had 14 points and 11 assists as Michigan State won for the 10th time in 11 games. The Spartans were awarded a No. 2 seed in the NCAA Tournament and will face Bradley in the second round on Thursday in Des Moines, Iowa.
Ignas Brazdeikas led Michigan with 19 points. Jordan Poole scored 13. Jon Teske had 10 points and 10 rebounds. Zavier Simpson added 10 assists.
But the third-seeded Wolverines fell again to Michigan State after blowing their chance to win the league by losing to their rivals twice in the final four regular-season games.
Michigan led by 13 early in the second half, but Michigan State went on a 13-4 run to tie it at 48 with just over seven minutes remaining.
The Wolverines were up 60-55 after Livers hit a 3 with 2:29 left. But McQuaid answered with one of his own to start the game-ending run and Xavier Tillman made a tying layup for Michigan State.
After Simpson missed a 3 for Michigan, Winston drove to his left for a layup to put the Spartans on top 62-60 with 28 seconds left.
Brazdeikas then missed a pull-up jumper that got tipped by Aaron Henry with 14 seconds to play. Teske and Tillman went up for the rebound, the ball got tipped out of bounds and the referees gave possession to Michigan State after a review as Michigan coach John Beilein screamed on the sideline.
Henry made a free throw and missed hit the second, making it a three-point game. Poole then appeared to get bumped by Winston - Michigan State had a foul to give - as he launched a long 3 off the dribble, but there was no call.
The Spartans' Kenny Goins hit two free throws to make it 65-60 with two seconds left.
Michigan State forward Kyle Ahrens was taken from the court on a stretcher with a left leg injury in the first half.
Michigan: The Wolverines have their sights set on another big NCAA run after losing to Villanova in the championship game last year.
Michigan State: The Spartans head to the tournament with high hopes, though their rotation figures to be a little thinner after Ahrens went down.
Michigan: NCAA Tournament.
Michigan State: NCAA Tournament.
More AP college basketball: https://apnews.com/Collegebasketball and http://twitter.com/AP-Top25
Coach K: Zion not in 'playing shape or mental shape'
North Carolina will return to old home at Carmichael for 1 game
Iowa lands Valparaiso grad transfer Evelyn
Ty Jerome celebrates Virginia's redemption with altered UMBC shirt
Virginia lands top-30 recruit Abdur-Rahim
NCAA issues notice of allegations to NC State over corruptio...
5-star recruit Jalen Johnson commits to Duke
NCAA gives Kevin Ollie three-year show-cause, UConn put on t...
Celtics assistant, former Penn HC gets probation in bribery ...
Teen driver charged in deaths of Auburn broadcaster, wife
Calipari's son transferring to Detroit Mercy
Hurley says recruiting getting a bump from Big East move
Title IX report clears MSU players of sex assault
UConn's return to Big East a win for college basketball, and...
Kansas' Grimes transferring to Houston | {
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The adventures of tintin 1991
Welcome to The Adventures of Tintin guide at TV
Les Aventures De Tintin aka The Adventures of Tintin (1991) Sezona 2 Epizoda 10 [S2E10&11] Land of Black Gold (wizzcameron) fps: 25 Prevod postavio: bojan969 18The Unicorn (French: La Licorne) is a fictional 17th-century three-masted armed French Royal Navy vessel appearing in The Adventures of Tintin, the comics series by
Tintin, a young Belgian reporter, gets involved in various mysteries and adventures with his dog Watch full series The Adventures of Tintin (1991) Putlocker123, downloadThe adventures of the young
Tintin kalandjai (The Adventures of Tintin) Műfaj: kaland, rejtély, komédia, dráma The Adventures of Tintin - 1991 The Crab with the Golden Claws Part 1 1-1 was released on: Canada: 2 October 1991 USA: 4 November 1991 France: 12 May 1992 Netherlands: 11While shopping at an outdoor market, young reporter Tintin, accompanied by his faithful dog, Snowy, buys a model of an old ship called the Unicorn
You are currently watching The Adventures Of Tintin - Season 1 1991 now, stars are : Colin O'Meara, Thierry Wermuth, Christian Pellissier
The Adventures Of Tintin Season 1 (1991) Oct 02, 1991 8
It was only published in English in 1991 but the racism row was rekindled last year following the release of Steven Spielberg's film The Adventures of Tintin, when itThe Adventures Of Tintin COMPLETE 1991 1992 720p BluRay x264 BiRDHOUSE Torrent Download Torrent Files list:
Read Common Sense Media's The Adventures of Tintin review, age rating, and parents guide
1 ENG FR H4S5S) Tintin 01 Cigars of the Pharaoh [1080p BluRay 10Bit x265 HEVC DD5
The Adventures of Tintin The series was one of the most popular European comics of the 20th centuryPirates of Dark Water
The Adventures of Tintin (disambiguation) The Adventures of Tintin is a series of comic albums by HergéThe Adventures of Tintin/The Adventures of Tintin: The Secret of the Unicorn (2011) - Affinities forTintin, earlier Spielberg and film will decide your experience of this
Watch online and download cartoon The Adventures of Tintin (1991) Season 03 Episode 013 in high quality
com, Nonton Layarkaca21 The Adventures of Tintin (2011) Sub Indo diAudience Reviews for The Adventures of Tintin It is a delight to see Spielberg play with the possibilities of the 3D animation - impossible camera movements, fabulous
The Adventures of Tintin, known as The Adventures of Tintin: The Secret of the Unicorn outside North America, is a 2011 American 3D motion capture computer-animated epic
In Red Rackham's Treasure, sequel to The Secret of the Unicorn, Tintin and the Thom(p)sons accompany Captain Haddock on a journey in the footstepsThe Adventures of Tintin (disambiguation) The Adventures of Tintin is a series of comic albums by Hergé
WEB/HDRip Stream The Adventures of Tintin (Jino Remix) [FREE download] by Jino from desktop or your mobile device
com: The Adventures of Tintin, VolO longa é dirigido por Steven
From Academy Award winning filmmakers Steven Spielberg and Peter Jackson comes the epic adventures of TintinThe Adventures of Tintin The Adventures of Tintin (French: Les Aventures de Tintin; [lez‿avɑ̃tyʁ də tɛ̃tɛ̃]) is a series of 24 comic albums created by Belgian cartoonist | {
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She's been facing bullies her whole damn career.
Hillary Clinton knows how to handle boy bullies and all the sexist mess they bring to the table.
So expect her to keep her chill on Monday night, when she faces off with Donald Trump, the most blatant misogynist to ever grace the presidential debate stage.
The gender dynamics going into this first widely anticipated debate are so loaded and unsubtle, it's almost comical. But, essentially, Clinton's been prepping for this moment for the entirety of her career ― from at least the time she had to face down hostile comments when she was taking the bar exam to some infamously charged moments in debates during her Senate run in 2000 and her failed presidential bid in 2008.
Like any woman who's spent her entire career navigating through male-dominated corridors, Clinton's become fairly adept at turning blatant and subtle sexism to her advantage.
In a 2008 debate with Barack Obama ahead of the New Hampshire primaries, Clinton was asked to comment on why voters liked her opponent more than her.
Clinton smiled. "Well, that hurts my feelings," she said. "But I'll go on." Her eyes reflected only amusement. When a few seconds later Obama went on to interrupt her and say "you're likable enough Hillary," she did a kind of cute little chair dance. But he comes off as more than a little patronizing and the moment is considered one of Obama's stumbles during that campaign.
The moment also likely helped to propel Clinton to win the New Hampshire primary.
The "likability" issue is at this point widely acknowledged to be a question no male candidate would face. Did anyone question John McCain's personality in 2008? Did anyone ask about Trump's likability in the 2016 GOP primaries?
Deflecting or calling out sexist treatment is Clinton's special talent in debates, a provocative piece argues on Quartz. Instead of shrinking away from sexism, she's tended to respond in a highly sympathetic and, yes, likable way.
There's the now legendary moment in her 2000 run for the Senate, (around 1 minute into the above video) when her opponent, Congressman Rick Lazio, made the mistake of crossing the debate stage, urging Clinton to sign a pledge on soft money and even wagging his finger at her. Played endlessly afterward, Lazio was portrayed as a sexist bully, as this piece in Mother Jones notes. Lazio now says that the moment doomed him. He lost to Clinton by a wide margin.
I don't think it's so obvious to these guys ― remember they play almost constantly with other men. Politics in the U.S. is a boys club. Men occupy more than 80 percent of the seats in Congress. Men hold the majority of governorships. There's never been a woman president. Clinton is one of only 46 women to have been a senator since the founding of the U.S.
Male politicians simply aren't very practiced when it comes to working with women. Clinton on the other hand has spent essentially her entire life navigating male spheres.
Her decision to not change her name from Rodham to Clinton is considered a major factor in her husband losing his bid for governor of Arkansas in 1980. Bill Clinton's opponent Frank White made pointed references to his wife, Mrs. Frank White, throughout the race, as Lisa Lerer writes for the AP. Two years later, when her husband ran for office again, Hillary changed her last name.
She's been beat up in a host of other gendered ways since then ― for daring to work and raise a kid, for possibly disparaging cookie making, for her husband's infidelity. And even, for not looking presidential.
If you go back and look at interviews with Clinton, she is asked questions that no man would have to stomach.
Of course, we can't predict with any certainty that Clinton will best Trump on Monday night. He's a total wild card. And though he lacks political experience, he knows his way around the TV screen.
Besides, sexism isn't the only play the reality TV star has up his sleeve. Clinton is vulnerable on other issues, of course. She hasn't always handled questions about, say, her email so gracefully.
But when it comes to the sexist tropes Trump likes to trade in ― calling women fat pigs, or breastfeeding disgusting, or saying they're better off at home ― Trump isn't actually offering up anything new to Clinton. He's perhaps the purest distillation of decades of piling on.
Clinton's gender radar is a finely honed instrument ― and her mettle has been repeatedly tested. So it's no surprise she's got a track record of turning insults and casual, unconscious sexism to her advantage. If she wasn't able to do that ― she'd be at home in Chappaqua baking cookies. | {
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Shafston International College
University Type Private
University Motto "Friendship and Learning"
President Cameron Lloyd
Address 46 Thorn St, Kangaroo Point QLD 4169
City Kalgoorlie, Western Australia
Shafston International College is a private education institution for international students located in Brisbane and the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. It offers certificate, diploma and English language programs.
Shafston was established in 1996 and has grown rapidly with over 70,000 students having attended since its inception. Shafston has a diverse student population with over 36 different nationalities on campus at any given time.
Shafston features three campuses, two in the heart of Brisbane and the other in Southport on the Gold Coast. The original Kangaroo Point Campus, which is centred on Shafston House, a heritage-listed building constructed in 1851, is located on the banks of the Brisbane River and covers an area of five-acres.
Shafston has been operating for 24 years, educating students in both English language and Vocational Courses. There have been in excess of 120,000 students educated at Shafston, from over 100 countries since its foundation in 1996. The school has received numerous accolades including being rated the number 1 English school in Australia in 2013, 2014 and 2019 by Ryugaku Journal.
The Shafston International College is a Private university located in Kalgoorlie.
The Shafston International College was founded in 1996.
The current president of Shafston International College is Cameron Lloyd.
Location of Shafston International College
James Cook University Townsville, Queensland
South Australia Institute of Business and Technology Adelaide, South Australia
University of Notre Dame Australia Fremantle, Western Australia
MEGT Institute Melbourne, Victoria
University of Tasmania Hobart, Tasmania
Engineering Institute of Technology Perth, Western Australia | {
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we make happy the dogs!
Your little furry delight is given a walk of her life with much care, tons of love, and fun!
Walks can be of 30 minutes, 45 minutes or 1 hour length. We will work with you to tailor a dog walking program suitable to your dog's needs. Whether it is a relief walk or a long walk to exercise your energetic furry child.
We do not pack walk! A maximum of 3 dogs are grouped according their temperament, and age. Although,your dog might be walked with just one other dog, or he'll have a solo walk upon request.
Additional charge for weekends, early morning, holiday walks and evening walks after 6:30 P.M.
Cancellations: a 24-hour notice of dog walking cancellation is required. Less than 24-hour will result in not refund/credit of booked services.
Pet sitting on Major Holidays: Booking must be done in a minimum of a month before the Holidays , especially Thanksgiving*, Christmas* and New Year's*.
A 8 days notice of cancellation is required for Holidays. Less than 8 days notice will incur in a charge of 50% of services rate for your holiday booked appointment.
Emergency key lockout $25- if you lock yourself out we can come by to let you in. | {
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Pharma is part of the Unichem group of pharmacies based in NZ. We ship locally and internationally.
Our online pharmacy stocks a large range of everything you would expect to find in your local chemist, just at reduced prices. Thanks for stopping by.
2 Mayfair Place, Glen Innes, Auckland.
Copyright © 2017 Pharma.co.nz All rights reserved. | {
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ThruSpace, also known in Europe as ThruSpace: High Velocity 3D Puzzle, and in Japan as , is a 2010 WiiWare game, developed by Japanese game developer Keys Factory, and published by Nintendo. Players play as a block known as a "Keydron", and use the Wii Remote to rotate the Keydron so it will fit in gaps in walls that approach it.
Gameplay
Playing as a Keydron, players must rotate the Wii Remote to rotate the Keydron so it will fit in gaps that approach the player. There are multiple difficulty levels, each one changing Keydron to become more complex shapes. Occasionally, crystals appear in gaps in the wall, which will give the player bonus points when collected. Players play for a high score.
Reception
ThruSpace received above-average reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. Eurogamers Kristan Reed called the game "relatively simple", but still praised the game's difficulty.
Sequel
ThruSpace received a sequel on the Nintendo 3DS, called Ketzal's Corridors. It follows the same gameplay loop of ThruSpace, but with a more distinct art style.
References
2010 video games
Nintendo games
Puzzle video games
Video games developed in Japan
Wii games
Wii-only games
WiiWare games | {
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Art Therapy Coloring Page Music Treble Clef 6 images that posted in this website was uploaded by Stocktwitsfx.com. Art Therapy Coloring Page Music Treble Clef 6equipped with aHD resolution x .You can save Art Therapy Coloring Page Music Treble Clef 6 for free to your devices.
If you want to Save Art Therapy Coloring Page Music Treble Clef 6with original size you can click theDownload link. | {
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The Energeia Museum opened on the premises of the power station in 1986. In this museum one could see preserved steam engines and steam turbines, along with many documents and books from 1900-1960. The museum was completely open to the public and very popular in its early years.
In 1990 there were talks between the three Belgian suppliers, from which a large merger between Ebes, Intercom and Unerg arose. Electrabel was born. While Intercom and Ebes were fully integrated into the new company, Unerg maintained a few more plants in its own name. It later changed its name to Powerfin, in order to continue expanding its activities abroad.
After changes in the agreements on public relations, the management of Electrabel decided in 2000 to close the Museum Energeia. In 2001, no less than 180 running meters (or 3584 records) were moved to archives to ensure safe storage.
But the end of the electricity production in Langerbrugge, apparently got a painful outcome when in 2012 the demolition of the plant started. The older buildings were completely destroyed, including all installations and the more modern buildings are currently being dismantled. Nothing of its historical value was retained. Despite the fact that a large part of the archive in the Energeia museum had already been moved to another location, a whole bunch of paperwork and machines remained behind. Unfortunately, (copper) thieves already got their chance to strike their battle, so that all exhibited machines, including a 1912 compound steam engine that was previously in perfect condition, had been destroyed on their search for copper and other useful materials. The Brown Boveri turbines were completely disassembled and copper was removed. Measuring equipment and control panels were stolen. Almost all museum pieces, including a whole section classified as monument – transformers, control switches, alternators – have been completely destroyed. The remaining documents from the former Ebes archive from 1900-1960 were destroyed. | {
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Copyright batte over 'unauthorized' Catcher in the Rye commentary
Jim Lindgren has an interesting post over at Volokh.com concerning the legal battle over a book that may or may not be characterized by some as an unauthorized sequel to "Catcher in the Rye".
Be sure to read it here.
This case brings up a number of issues:
First, it exposes the lie that is perpetuated in the legal community that copyright laws don't protect "ideas", but rather only the "concrete expression" of ideas. In practicality, this statement is pure nonsense as evidenced by the fact that a copyrighted work seals in monopoly protections of "characters" and "derivative works" - even if such derivative works don't include any actual "copying" of cloned material from the underlying work.
For instance, if I feel that I have a far better script or storyline that utilizes the character of James Bond, but without utilizing any previous cloned image from a Bond film and without copying previously used dialogue beyond a minimal instance of "My name is Bond...James Bond." or "Shaken...not stirred.", I still would not be able to create it, because Ian Flemming's estate and/or Sony Pictures, etc. has a monopoly over the IDEA of James Bond.
I would argue that by protecting "derivative" works, copyright effectively asserts control over ideas - except for those envisioned at the most abstract levels.
Second, this case also illustrates just how slippery (and I would argue, unsustainable) current fair use concepts are that try to differentiate between "criticism", "parody" and academic explorations of previous literary works versus competing concepts such as "satire" and unauthorized "derivative works" that may contain some vestiges of the previously mentioned fair use categories.
How will "Coming Through The Rye" be classified if it functions as both a "derivative work" of "Catcher in the Rye" as well as literary criticism and history concerning the creation of the same?
Third, this case seems to be another instance of where the judiciary throws out their usual rules regarding prior restraints against free speech when it comes to mere (unproven) allegations of IP infringement. Courts will not allow prior restraints in libel cases. They didn't even allow it in the famed Pentagon Papers case which involved allegations of breaches of national security. But when it comes to protecting IP whenever somebody shouts "copyright" - judges too often seem to ignore free speech concerns.
Eugene Volokh wrote a great law paper on this issue. I'd advise checking it out here:
http://www.law.ucla.edu/volokh/copyinj.htm
I remember once being lucky enough to come across a copy of "The Wind Done Gone" during a time when a federal judge had enjoined its publication through a temporary restraining order - essentially declaring it unlawful to own and distribute due to copyright complaints from the Margaret Mitchell estate. I purchased it, and secretly horded it away as though I was living through some twisted version of "Fahrenheit 451". I thought it might remain on the list of "banned books" in the U.S. As it turned out however, the copyright case over it was settled, and the book was eventually "allowed" to published.
Perhaps the proper solution is the same one utilized in "Fahrenheit 451". When a rebellious populous was faced with a nation of "firemen" whose job it was to burn all books, each person was given the task of committing a book to memory in order to orally recite it later to others, thus circumventing the state by placing the books in the one area it could not reach - the human mind.
On second thought, that won't work. Current copyright laws prevent the unauthorized "performance" of copyrighted works - including recitals.
Beware the current crop of "firemen" looking to set the nation's Rye fields ablaze....
[Posted at 06/22/2009 12:08 AM by Justin Levine on Against Monopoly comments(15)]
UnoZeroSevenSeven: | {
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OSHKOSH — Flight Design announced at AirVenture that it has chosen Garmin avionics for its new C4 all-carbon composite four-seat light aircraft.
The actual avionics suite will be unveiled at next year's SUN 'n FUN, Betsch said at AirVenture Tuesday.
The Flight Design C4 is an all carbon composite four-place light aircraft based upon the design of the Flight Design CT series of aircraft. Key features are the new Continental IO-360AF alternate fuels engine, conceived to "future proof" the C4, according to company officials, as well as an advanced glass panel cockpit and an integrated, full airplane parachute system.
The C4 is planned to have up to a 1,200 nautical mile range and a useful load of 1,320 pounds. | {
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Designed to relieve you from the cutting edges and circulation problems associated with safety and tool belts. Won't cut into your side or restrict circulation.
Adjustable straps secure safety and tool belts up to 3" wide. Requires 1-2" extra belt length. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
The US supports the construction of a gas pipeline providing the transportation of Azerbaijani gas from the Shah Deniz field to Europe, the US Energy Secretary Rick Perry said at a briefing, according to TASS.
Perry added that the United States stands for competition. He confirmed that the US supports another pipeline delivering Azerbaijani gas from the Caspian region to Europe. | {
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Лесопа́рк — расположенный в черте города или иного населённого пункта лесной массив естественного или частично искусственного происхождения, служащий для кратковременного отдыха. Размер лесопарка составляет обычно от нескольких сотен до 2—3 тысяч гектаров и более. Обычно лесопарки располагают в пригородах, в местах с хорошей транспортной доступностью. При создании лесопарка проводят реконструкцию зелёных насаждений, агролесомелиоративные работы, реконструкцию или создание водоёмов, прокладывают дорожки и тропинки, размещают оборудование для отдыха и так далее.
В лесопарках могут организовываться различные мероприятия и формы отдыха: экскурсии, туризм, пикники и барбекю, рыбная ловля, занятие различными видами уличного летнего и зимнего спорта. В отличие от парка, в лесопарке допускается сбор грибов, ягод и декоративных растений, но запрещена охота, заготовка сена и выпас скота. Сбор технических и лекарственных растений требует наличия специального разрешения.
В отличие от дикого лесного массива, в лесопарке обеспечивается предотвращение деградации лесных насаждений. Для этого осуществляется регулирование и распределение количества посетителей лесопарка, проводятся работы по сохранению подлеска, подроста, повышению жизнестойкости древостоя. Основной упор делается на санитарно-гигиенические и эстетические свойства зелёных насаждений, выращивание древесины для лесозаготовок не относится к приоритетным задачам лесопарка. Также осуществляют работы по предупреждению деградации почвы, при необходимости вносят удобрения.
В лесопарке проводят благоустройство — обустраивают сеть дорожек и открытые пространства, создают игровые, детские и спортивные площадки, места отдыха. Проводят ландшафтные рубки, высаживают ландшафтные деревья и кустарники, устраивают кормушки для птиц и зверей, зимой завозят корм для животных.
Примечания
Лесоводство
Рекреационные ресурсы | {
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CrowdOptic's patented technology (U.S. Patent No. 8,527,340) offers a revolutionary way of determining what people are looking at and what they find interesting. It works in real time by collecting sensor data from mobile devices and using that data to construct the device user's line of sight. When the user's line of sigh intersects with another user's line of sight that intersection is noted by the system. Clusters of sight line intersections are then computed to determine where the crowd is looking.
At the heart of the system is the per second update. This is a mechanism where the device reports the needed sensor data to CrowdOptic and in return CrowdOptic sends cluster data. Additionally users can interact with clusters by attaching comments, tags, photos and videos that will travel with the cluster.
To start using CrowdOptic you must first obtain a partner ID and an API key from CrowdOptic. To obtain your ID and key please please fill out this form.
Once you have your partner package, you may also utilize our data visualization tool Live Map. It will show you in real time where users are aiming their devices, where clusters are being formed, and the media that associated with them. To use live map log in with the email and password that were given to you by CrowdOptic and a link will appear in the top menu. | {
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How many percentage of the quality of a Work T-Shirt does come from its fabric and how many % comes from its garment techniques? No one really know exactly but we all know that both these factors account for 99,99% of the quality and function of a T-Shirt. An One-Stop-Shop OEM service which are aimed to make the whole quality of any Work T-Shirt design is available here at Thygesen. Don't waste your time on procrastination, let's begin with us!
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"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
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The Next Step for UAE/China
Following President Xi's visit to the UAE last week, the two countries have an opportunity to leverage their shared interests in emerging technologies
By Xische Editorial, July 25, 2018
Source: Vectorpouch/Shutterstock
President Xi arrived in Abu Dhabi last Thursday for a state visit—the first by a Chinese head of state in almost 30 years—designed to reinforce the already hefty economic and cultural ties between China and the UAE. However, his visit may have missed a broader opportunity to leverage the two countries' shared interest in emerging technologies—namely artificial intelligence, blockchain, and ICT infrastructure. Unsurprisingly, energy investment and the ambitious Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) featured heavily during President Xi's three-day trip. The flurry of announcements included a partnership and investment agreement in the world's largest solar energy project, two memorandums of understanding to enhance e-commerce ties and greater cooperation at the China International Import Expo, and several extensive energy agreements.
The UAE stands to profit from translating China's ever-expanding trade interests in the region to those grounded in emerging technology. Indeed, the two countries already have a strong track record of collaboration on technology initiatives, including the YVOLV data centre, a project by Meeras and Alibaba, along with the MBR Solar Park, which is run by DEWA and the Silk Road Fund. Pairing Chinese talent with UAE test environments would support the development of everything from AI technology and blockchain to telecoms in both countries and accelerate global development.
The Burj Khalifa in Dubai lit up in the colours of the Chinese flag to mark President Xi's visit last week. Source: The National (CC)
AI systems are heavily dependent on data. China's ability to harness the large volume of data emanating from its billion-plus citizens is one of its natural advantages in the field. The BRI's trade networks across the emerging world present a valuable data proposition for China. Not only can Beijing expand its influence through the creation of analogue infrastructure such as bridges, tunnels, and railroads, but the country can also expand its technology footprint.
China is betting big on becoming a leader in high tech innovation. In July 2017, China announced a development plan to become the global leader in artificial intelligence, including a $2.1bn technology park in Beijing dedicated to AI research. With homegrown mega-companies such as Baidu and Tencent already leading the global AI race, China is well-positioned to achieve this goal. The UAE is a slightly different case. While the UAE announced its strategy for AI in October 2017, coupled with investment in AI projected to surpass $8bn by the end of 2017, the country is still in the process of developing or recruiting the right talent to deliver on the UAE's AI goals. By leveraging Chinese technological expertise, the UAE can rapidly grow its AI expertise. Meanwhile, the Chinese will benefit from the optimal testing ground for AI solutions that the UAE provides with access to high-quality engagement points of over 200 nationalities that call the UAE home.
On ICT infrastructure, particularly high-speed and broadband internet, the UAE could - and should - step in. China has been successful in selling smartphones outside of the mainland with companies such as Transsion and Huawei dominating smartphone sales across African and Asian markets. Meanwhile, through telecoms companies such as Etisalat, the UAE has experience in several markets along the BRI.
The conditions are ripe for a UAE-China partnership on blockchain development, an area that certainly warrants further investigation. The UAE has an established track record on blockchain with the Dubai government taking the lead and pushing for blockchain to be used in the public sector. Likewise, China has expressed interest in using blockchain to improve governance.
Working together with Chinese researchers and companies, the UAE could build on its alliance with China to expand blockchain research around the world. As Xische's strategy advisor, Mary Ames, recently argued in Gulf News, "Analysts predict that Chinese officials are setting the stage for a new blockchain strategy. If so, then China will soon join the UAE in shifting all applicable government transactions to local and federal blockchains. Given China's influence on the blockchain industry, such a move is likely to have a profound impact on the trajectory of the evolving technology."
Technological innovation requires the ability to quickly draw on the best talent from across the globe. The UAE has an opportunity to translate its strategic relationship with China on the BRI to an important partnership on emerging technologies like AI, blockchain, and ICT infrastructure. President Xi's visit to the UAE is proof positive that both countries have much to gain from such a strategic bilateral relationship. Now is the time to take it to the next level.
Opinion, Artificial IntelligenceWisam Amid July 25, 2018 UAE, AI, China, machine learning, technology, innovation, Bitcoin, Blockchain, artificial intelligence, ICT, telecoms
We Can Stop Tech Giants from Becoming New Banana Republics
Opinion, DataWisam Amid July 30, 2018 technology, data, diplomacy, governance, social media, Facebook
Betting on a Blockchain Future
Opinion, Published, BlockchainWisam Amid July 23, 2018 UAE, China, technology, innovation, ICO, Blockchain, Bitcoin | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
Yale Law Review may refer to:
Yale Law Journal
Yale Law & Policy Review
Yale Review of Law and Social Action | {
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} |
Cantonul La Rochelle-5 este un canton din arondismentul La Rochelle, departamentul Charente-Maritime, regiunea Poitou-Charentes, Franța.
Comune
Esnandes
Marsilly
Puilboreau
La Rochelle (parțial, reședință)
Saint-Xandre
Cantoane în Charente-Maritime | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaWikipedia"
} |
Travel inspires, it rejuvenates, and it educates. There's an adventure awaiting you, so browse our destination guide to find out where you could go and what you could do.
Explore Beira, Maputo, Quelimane and Tete with fastjet.
Move to a new rhythm. Fly to Johannesburg, the city of Gold, with fastjet.
Discover Harare, Bulawayo and Victoria Falls, only with fastjet.
Check out our quick links for everything you need to know about travelling with fastjet. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
2022 Mazda RX 7 Changes, Interior, HP
Posted on April 23, 2022 by Al Connie R. Mitchell
2022 Mazda RX 7 Changes, Interior, HP – Mazda did not state once the generation automobile will get to showrooms. Still, it appears that the subsequent-gen RX-7's progress is determined by how fast the technical engineers can think of a dependable and energy-successful Wankel powerplant. More information ought to grow to be offered in 2016. However, right up until you're doing, we made an offering in the manufacturing automobile, together with a thoughtful inspection regarding what the subsequent-gen RX-7 may well provide the kitchen table.
2022 Mazda RX 7 Changes
2022 Mazda RX 7 Engine
2022 Mazda RX 7 Price and Release Date
Just like most concept cars, the RX-Sight goes via some adjustments before it will become a generation automobile. Our supplying depicts a somewhat well developed directly down variation in the Tokyo examine, provided with various creation-pleasant capabilities.
Our designer started away by supplying the RX-Eyesight a higher roof structure. While the idea is hostile having its very low roofline, the function isn't likely, therefore it will be around the production automobile, mainly because it would influence both mind and arm distance. Luckily, the concept does not seem to eliminate a lot of its attractive dimensions using a bigger roofing, a significantly less raked entrance windscreen, an apparent B-pillar, and stainless windows encompass. Other changes towards the car's user profile include fabricating entry care of, a rather larger grille from the front side fender, along with brand new multiple-spoke rims.
At the beginning, we rely on typically the 2022 Mazda RX 7 Changes, Interior, HP to obtain an adjusted grille and fender in addition to a new sort of headlamps. While the total size and shape in the production grille need to keep comparable, the apparatus will most likely be given a stainless encompass and additionally the side to side panels observed on all current Mazdas. Listed under, the fender area intakes are a bit bigger on your creating, as the splitter together with the middle segment continued to be unaffected. The headlamps ought to make the most changes as the concept's slim apparatus are far too amazing for any generation engine car. Buthowever, the reduction area will probably rely on Mazda's present headlamp layout; the top, curved Directed strip may find its way around the generation automobile. Finally , we rounded out your creation providing using a standard hood as well as a Mazda logo in the nasal space, while removing the one from the grille.
Considering the rear end from the RX-Perspective isn't specifically wilderness, Mazda will probably maintain many of the features in the creation of coupe. The specific RX-7, however, might find an improved tailgate, somewhat re-designed taillights without a"hovering" spoiler, along with various diffusers.
Compared to a lot of concept autos, the RX-Eyesight got a neat and basic interior that may go into generation these days. Nevertheless, Mazda will, in all likelihood, alter a couple of things sometimes, for example, device group, the entranceway panels, along with the center unit. The next will probably get the maximum changes since the 2022 Mazda RX 7 Changes, Interior, HP will get a typical middle pile with different control keys along with knobs. A good infotainment system, as well as a big screen, also need to be additional. However, it actually remains to be noted if the screen will be fitted in addition to the dashboard – like found in several present-day Mazda automobiles – or contained in the middle bunch. Additionally, search for multiple-work controls together with a lot more comprehensive tool cluster powering it.
In terms of the larger quantities of leather-based and lightweight aluminum inserts observed in typically the notion goes, assume that these folks to be around on increased trims. Similar to the MX-5, the specific RX-7 should be a little bit more cost-effective when compared with its rivals, which means the entrance-stage layout will function much less or no leather material at all. Nonetheless, the cottage should consider looking athletic and are offered in only two-sculpt combos across the bottom variation at exactly the same time.
Typically the drivetrain is certainly the RX-7's main secret to date, as Mazda has absolutely nothing to say regarding the engine apart from the proven fact that it will probably be a Wankel and also referred to as the SkyActiv-R. A company agent, even so, suggested that this would use turbocharging, and this the sport vehicle will probably be geared towards the particular Porsche Cayman. Considering the German coupe comes combined with at minimum 275 horsepower in basic toned, the 2022 Mazda RX 7 Changes, Interior, HP, which is less heavy when compared with the Cayman approximately 2,700 pounds, would want no less than 250 horses to make an impact in this particular region of interest. Assume 0 -to-60 miles per hour run of about 5 moments in addition to a top-rated velocity of a minimum of 150 miles per hour.
It is absolutely too soon to talk about cost ranges, but it is secure to believe that this RX-7 can become Mazda's priciest thing in the present collection. The previous decal label is set by a lot of aspects. On the other hand, the sport vehicle will likely cost more when compared to $35,000 from the basic clip.
2022 Mazda Rx 7 AWD, 2022 Mazda Rx 7 Colors, 2022 Mazda Rx 7 Cost, 2022 Mazda Rx 7 Coupe, 2022 Mazda Rx 7 Electric, 2022 Mazda Rx 7 Engine, 2022 Mazda Rx 7 Horsepower, 2022 Mazda Rx 7 Hot Wheels, 2022 Mazda Rx 7 Interior, 2022 Mazda Rx 7 Manual, 2022 Mazda Rx 7 MPG, 2022 Mazda Rx 7 Price, 2022 Mazda Rx 7 Release Date, 2022 Mazda Rx 7 Review, 2022 Mazda Rx 7 Rumors, 2022 Mazda Rx 7 Specs, 2022 Mazda Rx 7 Top Speed
When Will The 2022 Mazda 6 Be Released
2022 Mazda CX 9 USA Specs, Price, Release | {
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According to LITRA, the Swiss covered more distance by train than anyone else in the world in 2014. An average Swiss resident covered 2,288 km by train, more than twice the distance of an average Brit (1,056 km). Even the French with their world-class high-speed TGV train network were well behind the Swiss with only 1,271 km of train travel for the year. Japan was a reasonably close second with an average of 2,042 km, probably not surprising to anyone who has travelled on Japan's space age high-speed Shinkansen trains with their aircraft-like interiors and serpentine features.
Swiss residents also made frequent trips, 59 being the 2014 average. On this measure the Swiss came in behind the Japanese with 72 trips annually. It seems the Japanese take more but shorter trips than the Swiss.
Other European countries sit well behind Switzerland on both measures. Austria is in second place in Europe on average per capita distance with 1,378 km, well behind Switzerland's 2,288 km. On frequency Luxembourg is second in Europe with 40 train journeys per resident per annum, only a little over two thirds the number for Switzerland. On this measure Britain achieves less than half the Swiss number with an average of 26 trips over the year.
Both Swiss and Japanese trains have a reputation for running on time. Could there be a connection? | {
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/*global describe, it */
'use strict';
var promisory = require('..');
var assert = require('assert');
var fs = require('fs');
var promisify = promisory.promisify;
describe('promissory.promisify(fn)', function() {
it('should be aliased for backward compatibility', function() {
assert(promisory == promisify, 'Exports are incorrect');
});
it('should work when sync', function() {
function read(file, fn) {
fn(null, 'file: ' + file);
}
var readPromissory = promisify(read);
return readPromissory('foo.txt').then(function(res) {
assert('file: foo.txt' == res);
});
});
it('should work when async', function() {
function read(file, fn) {
setTimeout(function() {
fn(null, 'file: ' + file);
}, 5);
}
var readPromissory = promisify(read);
readPromissory('foo.txt').then(function(res) {
assert('file: foo.txt' == res);
});
});
it('should maintain the receiver', function() {
function load(fn) {
/*jshint validthis: true */
fn(null, this.name);
}
var user = {
name: 'tobi',
loadPromissory: promisify(load)
};
user.loadPromissory().then(function(name) {
assert('tobi' == name);
});
});
it('should catch errors', function() {
function load(fn) {
throw new Error('boom');
}
var loadPromissory = promisify(load);
return loadPromissory().catch(function(err) {
assert('boom' == err.message);
});
});
it('should ignore multiple callbacks', function() {
function load(fn) {
fn(null, 1);
fn(null, 2);
fn(null, 3);
}
var loadPromissory = promisify(load);
return loadPromissory();
});
it('should pass no results', function() {
function connect(fn) {
setTimeout(function() {
fn(null);
}, 5);
}
var connectPromissory = promisify(connect);
return connectPromissory().then(function(vals) {
assert(!vals);
});
});
it('should pass all results', function() {
function read(file, fn) {
setTimeout(function() {
fn(null, file[0], file[1]);
}, 5);
}
var readPromissory = promisify(read);
return readPromissory('foo.txt').then(function(vals) {
assert('f' == vals[0]);
assert('o' == vals[1]);
});
});
it('should work with node methods', function() {
fs.readFilePromissory = promisify(fs.readFile);
return fs.readFilePromissory('package.json').then(function(buf) {
assert(Buffer.isBuffer(buf));
return fs.readFilePromissory('package.json', 'utf8').then(function(str) {
assert(typeof str == 'string');
});
});
});
});
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
} |
Elgamal oder El-Gamal ist der Familienname folgender Personen:
Adham Hatem Elgamal (* 1998), ägyptischer Badmintonspieler
Ahmed Elgamal, US-amerikanischer Ingenieurwissenschaftler
Ayman El-Gamal (* 1973), ägyptischer Fußballspieler
Hamza El-Gamal, ägyptischer Fußballspieler
Moukhtar Hussain El-Gamal (* 1935), ägyptischer Wasserballspieler
Taha El-Gamal (1923–1956), ägyptischer Schwimmer und Wasserballspieler
Taher Elgamal (* 1955), US-amerikanischer Wissenschaftler
Abbas El Gamal (* 1950), US-amerikanischer Ingenieur
Elgamal-Kryptosystem bezeichnet folgende vom Kryptologen Taher Elgamal entwickelte kryptographische Verfahren:
Elgamal-Verschlüsselungsverfahren, ein Verfahren für digitale Verschlüsselung
Elgamal-Signaturverfahren, ein Verfahren für digitale Signaturen
Siehe auch:
Gamal | {
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Miami, FL – March 19, 2019 – The Global Wellness Summit (GWS), the foremost gathering of international leaders in the $4.2 trillion global wellness economy, today announced that Irene Forte, wellness director for Rocco Forte Hotels and daughter of Sir Rocco Forte, British hotelier and philanthropist, will join its Advisory Board. Forte oversees the wellness strategy and offerings for the 14 Rocco Forte Hotels, has just launched Irene Forte Skincare, and has won awards for her achievements as a rising young entrepreneur. And she will be instrumental in helping the GWS address the powerhouse demographic in the wellness industry: millennials.
Forte oversees the wellness proposition for the Rocco Forte Hotels group, which operates award-winning luxury hotels across Europe and has had recent openings in Saudi Arabia and China. Founded by her father Sir Rocco Forte, knighted for services to the UK tourism industry and a recipient of the highest Italian accolade, the Gran Croce dell'Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana, the success of their hotel group demonstrates how intergenerational collaboration and management can be a unique force in helping businesses embrace new generations of consumers. Her new skin-care line, Irene Forte Skincare, has been described by Tatler as "beauty with a conscience… as kind to your skin as it is to the planet." Handmade in Italy with ingredients from the family's organic farm in Sicily, the entire range is vegetarian, free from artificial colors and fragrances, and sustainably packaged with recycled materials.
In 2015, Irene Forte was awarded government funding to create a careers app (Map My Future) designed to attract and retain a younger, more tech-savvy workforce—which has been available at the hotel group since 2016. She was awarded the 2016 Rising Star Shine Award and an Acorn "30 under 30" award (given to the brightest prospects in the hospitality industry) in 2017. A very popular keynote speaker at the Summits in 2016 and 2018, her talk "Millennials: Spoiled for Choice and Very Stressed—How to Attract this New Generation of Traveler" is one of the most downloaded in the conference's history.
The Global Wellness Summit is a conference for senior executives and wellness thought leaders; first-time delegates should apply to attend soon, as it's always a sellout event.
For sponsorship information, contact Michelle Gamble:[email protected]. | {
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We are delighted to be able to offer our guests what we hope is a culinary experience in the luxury of our Guest Dining Room, for up to 10 people. We request a minimum of 48 hours notice as all our ingredients are ordered in fresh and would ask you advise us of any allergies or specific dietary requirements.
The sample menu below is just to give you an idea of the dishes we produce but if you have any particular favourites please do just let us know.
Bookings for 6 or more people, please choose from 3 starters, 3 mains and 3 desserts. For bookings of less than 5, it would be helpful if you could select from 2 starters, 2 mains and 2 desserts. Bookings for two people, we request you choose the same dishes.
Please note we do not cater for children under the age of 16 years in the main house.
We have lovingly created this extensive menu for your Ruthven House dining experience, we would be delighted to chat to you about your requirements.
Please feel free to download our menu to share with your guests.
To book or to discuss further simply contact us, we would love to hear from you. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Prep Athlete of the Week: Cook critical to…
Prep Athlete of the Week: Cook critical to Durham High volleyball team
Durham High volleyball player Bethany Cook is the Prep Athlete of the Week.
By Joseph Shufelberger |
PUBLISHED: November 12, 2014 at 12:00 am | UPDATED: September 8, 2018 at 12:00 am
DURHAM >> Sometimes, statistics don"t tell the entire story, or even most of it.
The Durham High volleyball team was going to a fifth set at Hamilton in a Nov. 4 Sacramento Valley League match, and Trojans coach Noelle Keese decided to go against her standard move of subbing for Bethany Cook after the senior serves.
"I said, "We need her heart,"" Keese recalled telling her assistant. "/I"m going to leave Bethany on because I think her heart is going to make us win this game." We were just in a kind of funk that whole game. I really thought Bethany"s heart and leadership was going to make us win that game."
The Trojans won that fifth game and the match 21-25, 25-14, 21-25, 25-23, 15-13. Now, Durham (30-3) has time off this week as the No. 1 seed in the Northern Section Division V postseason field and awaits its next opponent for a contest at home Tuesday.
Keese said deviating from the norm was easy when it kept Cook where she was needed.
"Bethany has been our biggest leader this year," the Trojans" coach said. "She"s so vocal on the court and off the court, whether she"s playing or if she"s not playing. She is the loudest person. She"s constantly talking, encouraging. She"s always positive."
Cook is also among the team"s leaders in several statistical categories for Durham, which has not lost a match against divisional foes.
"I"ve been really surprised how people have stepped up," Cook said, as the Trojans have gotten even better after reaching the section final last year but lost some of their top players due to graduation. "We have confidence in each other. It"s all a team effort."
While Cook has been playing volleyball since she was 8 years old and wants to keep doing so if she can, she"s focused on extending this season as much as she can.
"If I can play somewhere, I"m definitely going to go there first," said Cook, who has a 3.6 GPA and is involved with Future Farmers of America in addition to playing softball. "I"m just really trying to make sure every practice counts. It"s my last year before maybe playing college, maybe not. I wanted to lay everything out on the court."
Connect with Sports Writer Joseph Shufelberger at 896-7774.
Joseph Shufelberger
Bob Myers explains Kevin Durant's decision to leave Warriors | {
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A collaborative project between the Design Institute for Health, Fisterra Studio, the Thinkery, ThinkEAST, and Johnson & Johnson - to develop new approaches to improving health in a community. This project uses a creative process to combine visual arts, learning and exhibit design, and new approaches to data visualization to create new health capabilities in a planned community for East Austin. This studio tour will feature proposed solutions to change the context in which people engage with their health - to raise their health consciousness and literacy, to empower and enable them to act on their own behalf, to develop new insights into the priorities and behaviors of community members, and ultimately to create offerings that have significant impact on their collective health. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Vero News > All News > News > Sebastian Police investigating car-bike crash
Sebastian Police investigating car-bike crash
Written by: Admin November 04 2010
SEBASTIAN – The Sebastian Police Department is investigating the cause for a crash that sent a bicyclist to a hospital in critical condition.
The crash happened Wednesday around 12:32 p.m. at the 1200 block of Main Street. A 2008 Toyota collided with a bicycle. The bicyclist, identified as James Shaw, was transported to Holmes Regional Medical Center where he is listed in critical condition.
The driver, Tammy Carnohan, was not injured.
Charges have yet to be filed, pending the outcome of the investigation.
Anyone with information pertaining to the crash is encouraged to call the Sebastian Police Department at (772) 589-5233.
bicyclistcarnohancentercharges:conditioncrashcriticaldepartmentdriverencouragedholmesinjuredinvestigationlistedmedicalpoliceregionalsebastianstaff reporttammythe
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Proin id ullamcorper urna, non placerat diam. Praesent nulla ma. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Proin id ullamcorper urna, non placerat diam.
GoLine hub gets the boot from Vero City Council
Authorities nab Melbourne man accused of robbing Vero Beach TD Bank
Man charged in July crash that left woman seriously injured
SEBASTIAN — A 25-year-old man is waiting to go before a judge on several charges from a July crash that left a woman seriously injured. The woman suffered a broken shoulder blade and had to undergo surgery, reports show. "(Dillon) Wright was under the influence of an alcoholic beverage while operating a motor vehicle at the time of the crash and fled the scene on foot, failing to render aid to the victim or provide information to her," reports show. "Inside of the vehicle operated by Wright was a safe containing 407.5 grams of suspected cannabis in multiple different packages." Sheriff's officials said Wright's blood alcohol level was more than three times the legal limit. Wright, of the 800 block ...
1 hurt after two tractor trailers collide on I-95
INDIAN RIVER COUNTY — A driver was injured after a tractor-trailer slammed into the back of another tractor-trailer on Interstate 95 on Tuesday morning, fire rescue crews said. The crash happened at 8:15 a.m. on I-95 southbound near the 142 mile-marker, officials said. The tractor-trailer that struck the other vehicle had significant damage, Indian River County Fire Rescue Bureau Chief of Emergency Medical Services Steve Greer said. The driver of the heavily damaged tractor-trailer was flown to HCA Florida Lawnwood Hospital in Fort Pierce, Greer said. The condition of the driver, a man, was not immediately known. The driver of the other tractor-trailer refused treatment, Greer said. Photos provided by Indian River County Sheriff's Office and Rick Kulmann
Woman hurt in overnight rollover crash
INDIAN RIVER COUNTY — A woman suffered traumatic injuries after her car rolled over into a grassy area in an overnight crash Monday, authorities said. The single-vehicle wreck happened about 12:15 a.m. in the 6200 block of County Road 510 in West Wabasso, fire rescue crews and Indian River County sheriff's officials said. The woman, who was driving a light-colored sedan, was taken by ambulance to Health First's Holmes Regional Medical Center in Melbourne, Indian River County Fire Rescue Bureau Chief Bill Herrington said. Deputies briefly closed the roadway in the area of the crash. The sheriff's office continues to investigate the wreck. Photos contributed by Indian River County Sheriff's Office | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
Communication Arts Design Competition 2023
Image source: Communication Arts
2023 GCSP Prize for Transformative Futures in Peace and Security
Image source: Geneva Centre for Security Policy
27 March 2023 [ 2+ months remaining ]
Christine Garnier Simon
The GCSP Prize for Transformative Future seeks to reward groundbreaking concepts that offer exceptional promise in addressing peace and security challenges. The inaugural edition of the prize will be awarded in 2023.
Applications may come from any country, but the potential impact of the concepts submitted should extend beyond national borders in their scope or thinking.
The prize for the application coming in the first position is a fully funded 2-month incubation programme within the GCSP's Creative Spark in Geneva (worth CHF 15,000) and a certificate of excellence. The two other finalist applications will receive a certificate of recognition.
Concepts from a wide variety of fields may be eligible for consideration, including, but not restricted to, transformative technologies, pandemics, biothreats, autonomous weapons, climate change, human rights, cybersecurity, education, or disarmament, for example.
The prize is intended to encourage and recognize excellence in contributing to new approaches to enhancing sustainable global peace and security.
The winners (first, second and third place) will be announced publicly during an event to be held in late May 2023.
Please visit the official website for further details.
No Entry Fee!
It's free to enter.
Geneva Centre for Security Policy
Annual / Free / Multiple Disciplines / Open / Residency
SEGD Global Design Awards 2023
The TDC 69th Annual Competition
Image source: Type Directors Club (TDC)
Curtas Vila do Conde 2023 – International Film Festival
Image source: Curtas Vila do Conde
Contests Expiring on 27th March 2023
2023 Student Aluminum Extrusion Design Competition
"E-Bike Loft" by Nicholas Hollister (from Purdue University in West Lafayette) the winner of the First Place Student Scholarship of $5,000 in the 2022 Student Aluminum Extrusion Design Competition
Image source: Society for Experiential Graphic Design (SEGD) | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
Ta-dah! Hell and Styx #13, where you get to see a snippet of Heaven's past and how he ended up as who he is today. The flashback story will take a few more posts to finish, but this one introduces the plot line.
Maybe that made things a little clearer. Or not. It might be better explained in the actual story. So I'll shut up and you should go read it already!
Likes and comments are always open. Also, check out Hell and Styx's new Pinterest board.
Heaven let himself vanish from purgatory, drifting back to the human world, his atoms breaking apart and then calmly reassembling themselves in front of a yellowing yard. He ran his hand through his hair and opened the gate, pacing through the dying grass to stand on the front porch.
He took a deep breath and held it, reminding himself that Hell was right. He didn't need to breathe. No one could see him. He was fake.
He wasn't corporal, so he couldn't knock. So he waited.
He remembered a thin girl with blonde hair with a stubborn chin and a freckled, upturned nose. He remembered the sweatshirt with her high school's mascot and the skinny jeans.
Back when his obsession with the human world was simply habit, a part of himself he had forgotten to erase when he stopped being human.
He liked being invisible. He would walk empty streets, leaving no trace, touching nothing, completely unable to screw anything up.
It was 10:00 p.m. and Heaven was walking aimlessly down residential streets, turning onto a street of shops that all closed at five, lost in his thoughts. Yesterday, he went to purgatory to sort a soul, but he knew he wouldn't need to go back for weeks. A nagging in his mind would alert him to the next soul of his, but they were rare.
Neither Hell nor Styx had seen him. That was by design. He didn't want the responsibility of being friends, of having to wait around for a person to die on him while they tirelessly did their individual missions.
The little girl had gone with him with no complaint. She was intrigued but not particularly scared, as were most of his dead. Her soul was blinding and clean, and Heaven caught himself lingering, not willing to release his drug of choice when he wouldn't get another hit for weeks.
Heaven was still remembering the pure rush of joy from the girl's soul, wishing the world had more good people, and that they'd have shorter life spans, jealous of his counterparts, with their cornucopias of dead, when he saw her. She was alone, hair blown across her face by a vanished breeze, hands in her pockets, not afraid, not lonely. Heaven paused to watch her walk toward him, taking in the beauty of her simplicity. She stopped to look in the window of an ice cream shop, pressing her face against the glass, then laughed to herself, free to be happy in the silence.
Then she turned to keep walking, and froze.
That was Heaven's first thought.
"Hey," Heaven said, more taken aback by her beauty than the obvious fact that she could see him.
She giggled, pausing beside him, waiting for him to fall into step with her.
His mind stuck somewhere between noticing her exact shade of lip gloss—light pink—and the fact that she could see him, did the only thing it could think off. It followed her.
"Aren't you cold?" she asked, looking at his collared shirt and dress pants.
A breeze whipped by and Heaven realized—it was cold. Like, really cold. How had he never noticed before?
Heaven was watching her face as they walked, but even if he had seen the sign outside the restaurant—declaring ALL ENTRES HALF PRICE ON TUESDAYS 3:00-6:00—he wouldn't have avoided it.
But today, he should have. Because today, he crashed into it.
The sign collapsed against itself and clattered into the ground. Heaven jerked to the right, trying not to step on it, bumping into the girl's sweatshirt. It was soft.
Heaven laughed, and wondered if he could eat now that he was solid.
Did this mean his duty was over?
Nostalgia swept through him like a draft, leaving him with the bitter taste of loneliness in his mouth.
"You okay?" she asked, noticing the change in his mood.
"Just reminded of something," Heaven said, shaking his head to get the thoughts out.
They turned onto the same street Heaven had come from, and the girl slowed her pace. Heaven let her, understanding her need to preserve the night.
They walked in silence, until the girl stopped in front of a lawn. Even in the dark, Heaven could tell it was lush and green.
"This is my stop," the girl said.
It looked human, was what Heaven wanted to say. It was normal, just like this girl, and tonight.
"Are we going to see each other again?" she asked.
"We're going to need to get you a nickname," Lilith promised.
And Lilith let herself into her house and Heaven left, walking straight through her trashcan left out on the street.
That was his first night with her.
Now, a year and a half later, Heaven stared at the door in front of him. He wasn't in the mood.
Not while he was remembering a different yard, and a different girl.
There were houses all across the continent, all across the world, that Heaven could visit. Where he had friendships. Where he could live.
But tonight, he knew the truth: he was never more than a ghost.
And the only person he wanted to see was already gone. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Yup that's right a tea cocktail! I heard about the idea when perusing the Adagio Tea website. It's my new favorite in Chicago. The store just off of the Mag Mile has probably 100 different teas which can be completely intimidating. However, the staff is fabulous! They walk you through and help you find the perfect tea. And let you try it! They will make any tea you want to try and for me it was several. I typically like an earthy, complex black tea and found a great keenum. But I also picked up some Wild Strawberry herbal tea. Which technically has no tea leaves in it but flowers, apples and berries. It's light and not overly sweet. A perfect base for a summer cocktail!
Easy, tasty and very refreshing. A Strawberry Tea-tail!
Easy tea cocktail that screams summer!
Prep tea by steeping in hot water for 5 minutes.
Cool tea in the fridge or freezer.
Put vodka and tea in the glass. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Brophy P. 2005. The academic library. :233p..
Matthews JR. 2002. The bottom line : determining and communicating the value of the special library. :186p..
Rubin R J, Public Library Association. 2006. Demonstrating results : using outcome measurement in your library.
Wilson D D, Del Tufo T, Norman AEC. 2008. The Measure of Library Excellence: Linking the Malcolm Baldrige Criteria and Balanced Scorecard Methods to Assess Service Quality.
Matthews JR. 2004. Measuring for results : the dimensions of public library effectiveness. :240p..
Elliott D. 2007. Measuring your library's value : how to do a cost-benefit analysis for your public library. :181p..
Koenig MED. 1992. The information environment and the productivity of research. Recent Advances in Chemical Information. :133-143. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
WBSC Softball Americas Qualifier Down To Final Six
(Photo courtesy of WBSC Americas)
The WBSC Softball Americas Qualifier is down to its final six teams with the Super Round beginning on Friday afternoon.
Puerto Rico and Mexico will open Super Round play when they go head-to-head in what should be the highlight of the Super Round.
Mexico won Group B with a perfect record, while Puerto Rico finished second in Group A after suffering a 3-0 loss to Canada.
Canada, Cuba, Brazil and Venezuela also moved through to the Super Round, while the Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Peru and the Bahamas were all eliminated.
The top-two teams after the Super Round will earn an Olympic berth, which is why the first game is so crucial for Puerto Rico. Mexico's undefeated record through pool play earned it a slight advantage, as the two berths are determined by the best record and not an elimination format.
Mexico's Tori Vidales, Nicole Mendes and Brittany Cervantes have three of the top batting averages in the tournament, while Puerto Rico leads in the power game with Jena Cozza and Alyssa Rivera each leading the tournament in home runs with two each.
It wouldn't be a surprise if Puerto Rico uses Kamalani Dung, Aleshia Ocasio and Taran Alvelo in the circle, while Mexico may go with Dallas Escobedo.
Canada continues to roll through the tournament and is headed towards one of the two berths. The Canadians will face Venezuela on Friday before playing Mexico on Saturday and closing out the tournament on Sunday against Brazil.
3:30 p.m. Puerto Rico vs Mexico
6:00 p.m. Venezuela vs Canada
8:30 p.m. Cuba vs Brazil
5:00 p.m. Bahamas vs Dominican Republic
7:30 p.m. Peru vs Guatemala
2:00 p.m. Canada vs Mexico
3:30 p.m. Venezuela vs Cuba
6:00 p.m. Puerto Rico vs Brazil
10:30 p.m. Cuba vs Mexico
1:00 p.m. Venezuela vs Puerto Rico
3:30 p.m. Brazil vs Canada | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
Great space for this – on the wharf at Walsh Bay.
Art and wine. Wine and music. Music and art. All three share synergies, parallels, artistic ideals, the lot. Obviously wine is just a bit more cut and dried than the other two (arguably), yet the commonalities are unmissable (or at least I think so).
Given these commonalities then it's probably quite surprising that we don't see more art inspired by wine, especially given that the stereotypical artist drinks plenty of the stuff (particularly at gallery openings) and is probably particularly inspired when influenced by wine. Yet we rarely see much in the way of art dedicated to wine.
Penfolds, however, have attempted to address that gap with this latest project. Called 'The Blocks', said project is a collaboration between London designers Studio Twogood and Penfolds, with the art-installation-meets-wine-bar-concept focused particularly on a set of large wooden totems – essentially large wooden sculptures – that are then prepared by a perfumer to showcase some of the scents you might find in (Penfolds) wine.
That's someone famous in the background too.
The way this 'multi sensory environment' then works is that you wander around the exhibit – which is housed in a pretty cool wharf warehouse space in Sydney's Walsh Bay – accompanied by a 'sommelier' who guides you through the art installation with a selection from the Penfolds Bin/Luxury range to taste as you go.
You thus enjoy a glass or two of wine, accompanied by a tasting menu prepared by Magill Estate Executive Chef Jock Monfrillo, and spend plenty of time smelling wood and loitering around looking at art.
I was one of said loiterers at the launch a week or so ago, largely to see what Penfolds – whom have a history of toying with art and wine – had managed to bring together, but also to see what this intriguing wood scented totems shenanigans was all about.
Now I'm the first to admit that I'm not much of an art critic. I like quite my art classical really (with exceptions), so I'm not probably not very well placed to comment on the quality of the works themselves. Moreso, as one of the few 'wine' people at the launch party I think I stood out as one of the least arty types there – with my distinct lack of rolled up jeans, boat shoes and carefully coiffed hair (for guys). For girls it was one-piece jumpsuits (which apparently are 'so hot right now') and more big hair. Or such.
Regardless of such fashion comments, I still liked the exhibtion and thought that the execution was good. The whole operation has an air of professionalism to it, the work clearly created by talented artists. It didn't move me (the art at least) but I was entertained by attempts to pick up scent 'interpretations' from big pieces of wood. Suffice to say that anyone who is used to playing with Le Nuz De Vin or other professional scent kits might be a little baffled too..
As for the wines, there was one particular new release from the Penfolds range that stood out (for me at least). That was the 2010 Penfolds Bin 128 Coonawarra Shiraz, which I think might be the best 128 I've seen in years..
What makes the 128 work is all about simplicity – it's a thoroughly medium bodied Shiraz (as Coonawarra Shiraz should be), with trademark Penfoldian richness but also with a hint of leaf and grainy tannins. Medium weight, understated yet also bold enough to carry the red Penfolds cap. Everything in it's right place. Perhaps a little bit 'airbrushed' but no questioning the appeal. Considering that it's a relatively affordable part of the Penfolds range, it's not hard to give it a big thumbs up. I went back for seconds.
Another block. A phallic one.
On another tack, they were serving a particularly interesting cocktail on the night too (an expensive one to replicate perhaps) that mixed Bombay Sapphire gin, Lillet and Penfolds Grandfather tawny to make a thoroughly boozy, if quite intriguing (the richness of the old fortified worked great against the straight spirits), mixed drink of choice. Liked that too. Seconds again.
Besides the drinks (I saw so little food that I can't comment on what was served. There was 'things on spoons') the whole experience then was a good one. The verdict then on 'The Blocks' is pretty simple – hardly a serious wine tasting experience, but well worth a look, particularly given that it's free (to wander around at least).
It's free to wander, but $35 for a four wine tasting it seems a bit on the steep side. The food was also quite pricey – enough so that we split without checking it out. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Jerry Preisendorf
Soccer Coach Hired
October 23, 2015–Lehi, Utah
Jerry Preisendorf has been hired as the men's and women's soccer coach for Skyridge High School, currently under construction in Lehi, Utah. The school will open in August 2016.
Coach Preisendorf has a USSF "D" Coaching License and has coached soccer for the last 15 years at the club and high school levels. He has been the head coach of the Lehi High School boys' team since 2010 and started coaching the girls' soccer program in 2015.
Under Coach Preisendorf, the boys' program at Lehi High School has collected two state titles, the first in 2010 (4A), and the second in 2013 (5A). The team advanced to the semifinal game last season. During his tenure, the Pioneers have been Region champions four times, and have qualified for the state playoffs every year. The overall record for the boys' team is at Lehi High is 82-24-7.
During Preisendorf's first year as the girls' head coach at Lehi High School, the team finished the season as the 4th seed in Region 4 and earned a berth in the state playoffs. Their first round victory over a #1 seed allowed them to make it to the quarterfinals, where they lost to an eventual finalist in the 5A division.
Skyridge principal Joel Perkins says, "Jerry is an outstanding individual. He has cultivated a tradition of excellence at Lehi High School, and we are confident that he will create outstanding men's and women's soccer programs. He cares deeply for his student athletes, and he is known for his ability to hone their individual potential to achieve success as a cohesive team. His teams excel, and parents and students love him."
Skyridge Athletic Director Mark Clinton says, "Jerry has the ability to understand and demonstrate the importance of teamwork and sportsmanship and will instill in Skyridge athletes a burning desire to win while playing within the rules."
On leaving his current position, Preisendorf says, "I have a lot of memories and many good friends at Lehi High School. All of my sons graduated from Lehi, and I have a great relationship with the administration there. I look forward to creating a great program and to the opportunities that come with starting a program at a new school."
Coach Preisendorf says the best thing in his life is being married to his wife of over 30 years, Michele. The Preisendorfs have four boys and one grandchild, and they have lived in Lehi for the past 23 years. He will continue to coach at Lehi High through the end of the school year. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
Halloween is a time for elaborate costumes, collecting sweet treats, bobbing for apples, telling ghost stories by the light of a jack-o-lantern and watching a scary movie or two. In recent years, Halloween has become even more of an event as people decorate their homes and neighborhoods for the annual fall celebration.
Coming just before the onset of winter weather in many parts of North America, Halloween is also a great time for a cruise vacation. The good news is that you won't necessarily miss out on your favorite traditional Halloween activities.
Some cruise ships celebrate Halloween with costume contests, treats and activities for all ages. For example, Royal Caribbean ships decorate for the holiday and host costume contests, parades and dance parties. Halloween-themed movies are shown and families can enjoy "scary story time" together. Passengers are welcome to bring their own costumes, but if you forget to pack yours, you can also make one on board.
Royal Caribbean ships also have some Halloween activities just for kids, such as making Halloween crafts, trick-or-treating around the ship and exploring a spooky haunted house.
In the past, some cruise lines have even offered murder-mystery cruises that coincide with Halloween.
For more information on how you can enjoy a spooky good Halloween on a cruise ship, talk with Cruise Holidays. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
package nl.nn.adapterframework.webcontrol.api;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Iterator;
import javax.annotation.security.RolesAllowed;
import javax.ws.rs.DefaultValue;
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.PathParam;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
import javax.ws.rs.QueryParam;
import javax.ws.rs.WebApplicationException;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Response.ResponseBuilder;
import javax.ws.rs.core.StreamingOutput;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import nl.nn.adapterframework.configuration.ConfigurationException;
import nl.nn.adapterframework.core.IAdapter;
import nl.nn.adapterframework.core.IListener;
import nl.nn.adapterframework.http.WebServiceListener;
import nl.nn.adapterframework.management.bus.BusTopic;
import nl.nn.adapterframework.management.bus.RequestMessageBuilder;
import nl.nn.adapterframework.receivers.Receiver;
import nl.nn.adapterframework.soap.WsdlGenerator;
/**
* Shows all monitors.
*
* @since 7.0-B1
* @author Niels Meijer
*/
@Path("/")
public final class Webservices extends Base {
@GET
@RolesAllowed({"IbisObserver", "IbisDataAdmin", "IbisAdmin", "IbisTester"})
@Path("/webservices")
@Relation("webservices")
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public Response getWebServices() throws ApiException {
return callSyncGateway(RequestMessageBuilder.create(this, BusTopic.WEBSERVICES));
}
@GET
@RolesAllowed({"IbisObserver", "IbisDataAdmin", "IbisAdmin", "IbisTester"})
@Path("/webservices/{resourceName}")
@Relation("webservices")
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML)
public Response getWsdl(
@PathParam("resourceName") String resourceName,
@DefaultValue("true") @QueryParam("indent") boolean indent,
@DefaultValue("false") @QueryParam("useIncludes") boolean useIncludes) throws ApiException {
String adapterName;
boolean zip;
int dotPos=resourceName.lastIndexOf('.');
if (dotPos>=0) {
adapterName=resourceName.substring(0,dotPos);
zip=resourceName.substring(dotPos).equals(".zip");
} else {
adapterName=resourceName;
zip=false;
}
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(adapterName)) {
return Response.status(Response.Status.BAD_REQUEST).entity("<error>no adapter specified</error>").build();
}
IAdapter adapter = getIbisManager().getRegisteredAdapter(adapterName);
if (adapter == null) {
return Response.status(Response.Status.BAD_REQUEST).entity("<error>adapter not found</error>").build();
}
try {
String servletName = getServiceEndpoint(adapter);
String generationInfo = "by FrankConsole";
WsdlGenerator wsdl = new WsdlGenerator(adapter.getPipeLine(), generationInfo);
wsdl.setIndent(indent);
wsdl.setUseIncludes(useIncludes||zip);
wsdl.init();
StreamingOutput stream = new StreamingOutput() {
@Override
public void write(OutputStream out) throws IOException, WebApplicationException {
try {
if (zip) {
wsdl.zip(out, servletName);
} else {
wsdl.wsdl(out, servletName);
}
} catch (ConfigurationException | XMLStreamException e) {
throw new WebApplicationException(e);
}
}
};
ResponseBuilder responseBuilder = Response.ok(stream);
if (zip) {
responseBuilder.type(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM);
responseBuilder.header("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=\""+adapterName+".zip\"");
}
return responseBuilder.build();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new ApiException("exception on retrieving wsdl", e);
}
}
private String getServiceEndpoint(IAdapter adapter) {
String endpoint = "external address of ibis";
Iterator it = adapter.getReceivers().iterator();
while(it.hasNext()) {
IListener listener = ((Receiver) it.next()).getListener();
if(listener instanceof WebServiceListener) {
String address = ((WebServiceListener) listener).getAddress();
if(StringUtils.isNotEmpty(address)) {
endpoint = address;
} else {
endpoint = "rpcrouter";
}
String protocol = servletRequest.isSecure() ? "https://" : "http://";
int port = servletRequest.getServerPort();
String restBaseUrl = protocol + servletRequest.getServerName() + (port != 0 ? ":" + port : "") + servletRequest.getContextPath() + "/services/";
endpoint = restBaseUrl + endpoint;
break; //what if there are more than 1 WebServiceListener
}
}
return endpoint;
}
private String getWsdlExtension() {
return ".wsdl";
}
}
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
} |
Crowdsourcing Competitive Innovation
Posted by Epi Ludvik | Feb 8, 2017 | Citizen Engagement, Collective Intelligence, Crowdsourcing, Mass Collaboration, Open Innovation | 0
Peter Diamandis is saying: 99.999% of people don't understand or appreciate the ramifications of what is coming and I agree 100% here.
Innovation is the essential component when we are considering how to solve the world's biggest challenges, and the best place to source revolutionary ideas is from the crowd. This is something XPRIZE has been doing for over two decades, and is now making a big difference in many areas that matter, not least the field of energy and sustainability with. They are, for example, running a $20m carbon competition which addresses global CO2 emissions by incentivizing innovative solutions to convert CO2 from a liability into an asset, such as fertilizers, concrete and even toothpaste.
XPRIZE started out about 20 years ago by offering a prize of $10m to the first privately financed team that could fly a passenger vehicle into space. 26 teams from around the world competed for this, with the first rocket taking off in 2004. The competition was set up to help realise a personal dream of its founder, Peter Diamandis, to be an astronaut. After lift off he realised there was an opportunity to keep going as there was clearly an appetite from the crowd to take on big planetary scale challenges. As their platform says "XPRIZE is a facilitator of exponential change. A catalyst for the benefit of humanity" which utilises the innate competitiveness of humanity to bring about breakthroughs which seemed impossible.
The prizes focus on bold, audacious yet achievable goals which target market failure and are winnable by a small team. They are designed to drive investment in the target field and provide vision and hope. Past XPRIZES have included Ocean Health and Oil Clean-Up, with potential future competitions being in Road Electrification and Revolutionary Battery. In addition to the Carbon prize there are another 8 competitions currently running, such as Water Abundance which challenges teams to alleviate the global water crisis with energy-efficient technologies that harvest fresh water from the atmosphere.
The Carbon challenge they have set is certainly fits the criteria as a BHAG (Big Hairy Audacious Goal); creating valuable products of essentially thin air and is targeting a considerable market failure: fossil fuels causing climate change. The International Energy Agency estimates 82 percent of the world's energy supply is derived from fossil fuels. Currently virtually all the CO2 this produces instantly becomes a waste product which is dumped into the atmosphere. While cleaner energy sources are on the rise, overall energy demand is expected to grow 37 percent by 2040, making immediate carbon mitigation solutions even more urgent.
Teams are challenged to develop breakthrough technologies that convert the most CO2 into one or more products with the highest net value. In October, the judges narrowed down the 47 Round 1 entries down to 27 teams for Round 2 'semi finals' with these remaining teams coming from around the world and pursuing an incredible diversity of approaches.
Carbon Capture Machine, who are based at Aberdeen University in Scotland, has a method of producing CO2 based minerals for concrete and other building materials; "The technology we have developed here in Aberdeen offers a bridge to a solution that can prevent damage caused by CO2 emissions and create materials to build the homes and offices of the future." says their team leader Dr Mohammed Imbabi.
"The competition is an exciting way to validate our objectives and show we can compete against other outstanding teams" comments Thomas Digby, the CEO of Swiss based start-up company Aljadix. They unquestionably fit the criteria of being an entrant with a small team, having only seven staff comprised of academics and start-up entrepreneurs who are aiming to produce carbon negative biofuel which permanently removes carbon from the atmosphere.
Some of the entrants are certainly gaining themselves a high profile. Protein Power from the US are producing high-protein fish food, and their CEO, Lisa Dyson, has a TED talk which has been viewed over one million times. In this she describes how a technology which was developed in the 60s by NASA to enable long distance space travel by using a clever carbon cycle has been adapted to make crops grow incredibly fast. Using this technique, they can grow in the dark, in any season, geography and location. This is pretty useful is space, but also means as Dyson observes in her TED: "At a large scale, you can actually make 10,000 times more output per land area than you could if you used soybeans."
By sourcing from the crowd, XPRIZE is enabling a future in which many of the currently seemingly intractable problems we face are solved by innovative enterprises. Climate change is arguably the biggest problem of our time and by creating a future where purified CO2 is, instead of being seen as a criminal waste, is known as the source of our buildings, food and many other essentials to life.
As they say at XPRIZE: "Call us crazy, but we believe."
Join me at Crowdsourcing Week Summit Arctic Circle, March 15-19th in Lulea & Vuollerim Sweden, to find out more about the crowd-driven solutions that are revolutionizing our transition toward sustainable energy, reducing resource consumption, and bettering our citizen services and the environment.
PreviousCSW Summit in Sweden's Arctic Circle, March 15-19
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Epi Ludvik
Epi Ludvik is the Founder & CEO of Crowdsourcing Week and BOLD Awards. In 2008, he created Ludvik + Partners - one of New York's hottest boutique virtual ad agencies built on a 100% crowdsourcing model. Epi is one of the pioneers in the crowdsourcing ad space, an industry expert and thought leader in entertainment advertising - including public relations, event production, experiential marketing, consumer advertising and digital marketing. Epi earned a BS in Advertising & Marketing from the Fashion Institute of Technology in NYC and has been a serial entrepreneur since graduation. His varied and global experiences throughout his career have taken him across the US and Asia, where he honed his skills in advertising and media with high-profile clients and power brands.
Crowdsourcing Creative Solutions from Freelance Designers is Thriving
A Thousand Eyes Are Better Than Two
What Can Crowds do Against Manipulation of and by Governments?
CSW Summit DC hit exciting new highs | {
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¶ During his campaign for the presidency and since, Obama repeatedly assured us that he would protect Medicare against cuts; but he now presses for passage of bills that include savage cuts in Medicare.
¶ To obtain passage of his first stimulus bill, Obama assured us that 90% of the jobs created would be in the private sector; but as he well knew, most of them were to be in the public sector.
¶ Early in the health care debate, Obama assured us that he had not said that he favored a single payer system; but he was on record as having said exactly that.
¶ Obama gave primary voters a firm assurance that if he became the nominee of the Democratic party he would (unlike Hillary Clinton) abide by the campaign finance limits of public funding; but as soon as he became the party's nominee, he reneged on that pledge.
¶ During the presidential campaign Obama criticized the presence of former lobbyists in the Bush administration and solemnly assured us that he would appoint no lobbyists to his administration; but once elected he proceeded to appoint even more lobbyists than his predecessors.
¶ Obama criticized the size of George Bush's deficit and promised to stop deficit spending if elected; but he has already quadrupled the size of the deficit he objected to and recklessly continues new federal spending in the trillions.
¶ When campaigning Obama criticized bills before the congress that were too long for anyone to be able to read and promised to stop that; but the bills he has been backing throughout his first year are infinitely longer (2000+ pages) than the ones he criticized.
¶ Candidate Obama promised an end to the corruption of earmarks and pork, but in the bills he has supported this year there have been more and bigger earmarks than ever before.
¶ Candidate Obama promised us that CIA personnel involved in the interrogation of terrorists would not be prosecuted; but his administration is now doing exactly that.
¶ Obama assured a joint session of Congress that the health bill he supported (pre-Stupak) would not provide public funding for abortions; but bitter resistance on the part of House Democrats to inclusion of language to that effect soon proved that it did.
¶ Candidate Obama promised that he would make sure that there was always enough time for the public to read legislation before it was enacted; but he has done exactly the opposite, repeatedly pressing for even faster passage of even longer bills.
¶ Candidate Obama met fears that he would be a tax and spend liberal by promising, emphatically and repeatedly, that those earning under $200,000 would see no increase in their taxes of any kind; but he now urges passage of a healthcare bill that breaks that pledge in many different ways, and his unrestrained increase in federal spending makes more tax increases inevitable.
¶ Candidate Obama promised bipartisanship and an end to partisan bickering; but in a display of especially ruthless partisanship his allies have shut Republicans out of all key meetings on his health care initiative, with the unprecedented result that domestic legislation of historic importance garnered not a single Republican vote in the Senate.
¶ Candidate Obama criticized his opponent's plan to tax employer paid healthcare benefits, and promised he would not tax them; but the bill he now backs will do just that.
¶ Obama had promised that he would not sign a healthcare bill that would add one dime to the federal deficit; but the bill he now backs adds trillions in new federal spending, offset only by new sources of revenue that are both uncertain and more properly seen as offsetting the already existing deficit.
¶ Obama coerced congress into passing his stimulus bill by promising that if it were passed unemployment could go no higher then 8%; but unemployment is now at 10%, and he could not possibly have had good reason to exclude that possibility.
¶ Obama promised that his cap and trade legislation will create jobs; but its massive tax increases will certainly hobble the economy and destroy jobs, while green jobs in significant numbers can at best be hoped for, but never promised.
¶ Obama has repeatedly assured the American people that if they like their current health plan they can keep it; but the House bill which he supported created huge incentives for employers to drop their coverage and shift their members to a public option.
¶ Obama has just as often assured the public that under his health plan everyone will be able to keep their current doctor; but many are certain to lose their doctors when ObamaCare's large cuts in Medicare funding induce more doctors to withdraw from Medicare coverage, as they also would were employers to transfer patients to a public option to save money. | {
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Heart pounding. Unblinking eyes glued to the court that bears Lou Henson's name. Sweat pouring like rain drops.
It was pretty much everything you would expect from a small town kid making his debut in front of a couple thousand University of Illinois basketball fans.
Family selfie at Grace's first-ever college basketball game!
And I'm not for sure, but I think Dylan Miller might have been nervous too.
As soon as the University of Illinois released their schedule, I had Nov. 15 circled on my calendar. With the exception of it being on a Sunday, a busy day here at the paper, it was the perfect storm for a Hillsboro sportswriter.
Just an hour away from Topper Country, Miller would be returning "home" with his new teammates from North Dakota State to take on the University of Illinois at the Prairie Capital Convention Center in Springfield, the Illini's home away from home while the State Farm Center is being redone.
The biggest name in Hillsboro High School basketball over the last three years and the first D1 men's basketball player from HHS since 1974, against the biggest college basketball program in the state made me almost have to pinch myself to make sure it was real.
Kyle had a blast shooting from courtside!
In reality, I knew there was a chance that Dylan might not play that much, if at all, but I held out hope that he would at least see the court.
Mary and I bought tickets the day they went on sale, knowing that even if I wasn't able to procure media credentials, we wanted to take Grace to the game. Just a few short months after Grace was diagnosed with Infantile Neuroaxonal Dystrophy, the Hillsboro boys basketball team provided one of our most memorable moments as Dylan helped Grace "dunk" or as close as she will ever come to it (way closer than her daddy ever will).
Dylan talking with some teammates at the game.
With a guarantee to get into the game already taken care of, I reached out to Wes Offerman, the media contact for the North Dakota State men's basketball team, and he was kind enough to point me in the right direction to get credentials through the University of Illinois.
In addition to my request, I also sent Wes a link to the blog Mary did about Grace's experience with Dylan. We have made it our goal to give Grace every experience possible for as long as we have her on this Earth and to spread awareness about INAD to anyone who would listen. And thankfully, Wes listened.
We enjoyed getting to meet Coach Richman too!
Saturday morning, I received an email from him asking if we could be at the game about 45 minutes early, so we could take Grace down to meet the players and coaches. This remarkable invitation is something that Mary and I may have hoped for, but never would have asked for or expected from a group of complete strangers.
As we got to the game, the nerves hit me pretty hard. The familiar orange and blue of the Illini hardwood and watching some of the best players in the country warm-up brought on a little bit of stage fright. Hence the aforementioned sweating and near cardiac arrest that occurred even before the game started.
We managed to meet up with Wes, despite some cell phone technical difficulties, and he brought us downstairs to the team's locker room.
Grace and mommy cheered from the stands.
Coach David Richman was kind enough to take a few moments to meet Grace, Mary and I before the game. He's in his second year as the head coach of the Bison, where he has been a member of the coaching staff in some capacity since 2003, but looks like he could still play for them.
As it often does, the conversation turned quickly to kids. Coach Richman has four girls, including a pair of four-year-old twins that reminded me a lot of my own little blond haired sprite.
After the quick conversation, we made our way into the locker room, where Coach Richman introduced us and Grace went around and gave out high-fives to all of the players, with an assist from Mary.
We realized later that neither of us had bothered to take a photo of the meet and greet, but ultimately you don't always need a picture to remember something unforgettable.
The game itself was fun, with North Dakota State leading for most of the game before Illinois got hot late and ended up winning 80-74. Dylan did get to play about two minutes toward the end of the first half, to the joy of the pockets of yellow clad "Miller #42" fans throughout the arena.
Grace and I posed for a photo before the game too!
He didn't play badly, nor did he set the world on fire, but he played and that's something that only a handful of people can say has happened to them and no one from Hillsboro in the last four decades.
The coolest part of the watching the game from the floor for me was seeing senior guard Kory Brown call Miller over after he was taken out and talk to the true freshman. I have no idea what Brown said, but you could see his leadership in that brief conversation and he quickly became my second favorite player on the NDSU roster.
The opportunity to see that conversation and to photograph a University of Illinois game from the floor are bucket list items for me normally, but they were just icing on the cake on Sunday.
The really special moment was meeting Coach Richman and the team. I know that Grace may not have gotten a lot out of it (she slept through about 75 percent of the game), but the opportunity for her to do something like that is forever etched in my memory.
Grace slept through more than half the game, but I certainly didn't mind the snuggles!
INAD is awful. I wouldn't wish it on the child of my worst enemy. But it's through this traumatic disease that we have been able to give Grace life experiences that most kids can only dream of.
Sometimes God brings special people into our lives that help make the hard times a little easier to manage by giving us good times that are beyond measure. Thanks to Wes Offerman, Coach Richman, Dylan Miller and the entire Bison Family for being those people.
Once a Bison Always a Bison! Welcome to Bison Nation and the Bison Family. Go Bison! | {
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Q: WAN security and port forwarding for IoT I have an esp8266 board that I've set up as a little server. To access it over the web (first forays into making a smart home and IoT) I've used no-ip to deal with dynamic DNS and opened up WAN access with port forwarding (80) on my home router. My question is how secure is this? I've tried only allowing a certain IP address but smart phones use dynamic IPs.
A: When dealing with TCP/IP connections, there are 65535 ports available to listen on.
Generally, port 80 is used for standard HTTP connections, while port 443 is used for HTTPS.
If you need to open up a common port to the world, be ready to server any request that is made to it.
Another option would to be changing the port you are listening on, this should be a number between 5000 and 65535. By randomizing this port, only you will know how to connect. ( you will need admin access to bind to any port < 1024 )
If you wtill want to server standard HTTP data, the URL would simply be
http://my.no-iphost.com:55933/my_script
Where 55933 is my secret port.
| {
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BlackPearl Announces Onion Lake Construction Update, Provides Q4 Production Data and 2017 Year-End Reserves and Contingent Resource Estimates
January 30, 2018 3:00 PM Marketwired
CALGARY, ALBERTA–(Marketwired – Jan. 30, 2018) – BlackPearl Resources Inc. ("we", "our", "us", "BlackPearl" or the "Company") (TSX:PXX) (OMX:PXXS) is pleased to provide a construction update on its Onion Lake thermal expansion project and Q4 2017 production information, as well as, announce the results of its 2017 independent year-end oil and gas reserve and resource evaluation.
Highlights and accomplishments included:
Construction of the Phase 2 expansion of the Onion Lake thermal project is ahead of schedule and within budget. Commissioning of the facilities has begun and steam injection is expected to begin in February.
Q4 2017 production averaged 10,600 boe/day; full year production averaged 10,199 boe/day.
24% year over year increase in total proved (1P) reserves to 94.4 mmbbls. The increase primarily reflects positive technical revisions due to the performance from Phase 1 of the Onion Lake thermal project as well as an increase in the Onion Lake thermal development area to which reserves were assigned.
48% increase in net present value, before tax, discounted at 10% of our 1P reserves to $1.1 billion, or $3.23 per common share.
1P reserve additions replaced 583% of 2017 production.
Net present value, before tax, discounted at 10% of our proved plus probable (2P) reserves was $2 billion, or $6.00 per common share. This value is comparable to 2016 despite a 48% drop in 2P reserve volumes. The decrease in 2P reserve volumes was due to the previously announced reclassification of the probable reserves to resources associated with the first phase of the Blackrod SAGD project. This reclassification is the result of a change in the Company's strategic plan to accelerate the expansion of the Onion Lake thermal project before we commence development of the first phase of the Blackrod SAGD project. The reclassification does not impact management's positive assessment of or its commitment to develop the Blackrod project.
28% increase in 2P reserve volumes at Onion Lake.
Risked contingent resources (best estimate) for our three core properties totaled 640 million barrels of oil equivalent, a 28% increase compared to year-end 2016 resource estimates. The increase reflects the reclassification of the Blackrod reserves discussed above.
John Festival, President of BlackPearl, indicated that "we are very pleased with the progress of the Onion Lake expansion project. Due to our committed operations staff and favourable weather conditions we are going to complete the project well ahead of schedule. We expect to commence steam injection in February.
We are also pleased with the significant increase in proved reserves, which reflects the positive results of our Onion Lake thermal project. These results were one of the primary reasons we made a change in our strategic plan to accelerate the next expansion of Onion Lake before we tackle development of our Blackrod SAGD project. Full cycle economics of our Onion Lake thermal project are best in class compared to North American oil projects. The increased cash flow generated from an expanded Onion Lake project will put us in a better financial position to develop the large Blackrod project. The consequence of this shift in strategy is that regulatory rules necessitate the reclassification of the Blackrod reserves to resources, but we are still very committed to development of this large resource."
Onion Lake Construction Update
We have made excellent progress over the last two months on the construction of the 6,000 barrel per day phase 2 thermal expansion at Onion Lake and construction is nearing completion, approximately five months ahead of our original estimate. Capital costs are trending toward the low end of our original estimates of $180- 185 million. We have started the commissioning of the central processing facilities and steam is expected to be delivered to the first pad of wells in February. Steam injection to the second pad of wells will occur approximately one month later. First oil is expected before the end of Q2 2018. We anticipate reaching peak production approximately 12 months after initial steam injection, a similar timeline to that achieved for phase 1.
Production Update
BlackPearl's Q4 2017 oil and gas sales volumes were 10,600 boe per day, a 17% increase over production during the third quarter. The increase in fourth quarter production is mainly attributable to the successful restart of the Onion Lake thermal facilities after completion of a facility turnaround during the third quarter.
December 31 Year ended
Production by Area (boe/d) 2017 2016 2017 2016
Onion Lake – thermal 6,204 6,119 5,686 5,520
Onion Lake – primary 1,917 2,011 2,022 2,135
Mooney 1,178 785 1,096 801
John Lake 699 837 770 863
Blackrod 481 523 490 556
Other 121 204 135 202
Total production 10,600 10,479 10,199 10,077
Oil and Gas Reserves
The following tables summarize certain information contained in the independent reserves report prepared by Sproule Associates Limited ("Sproule") as of December 31, 2017. The report was prepared in accordance with definitions, standards and procedures contained in the Canadian Oil and Gas Evaluation Handbook ("COGE Handbook") and National Instrument 51-101, Standards of Disclosure for Oil and Gas Activities ("NI 51-101"). Additional reserve information as required under NI 51-101 will be included in the Company's Annual Information Form which is expected to be filed on SEDAR on February 22, 2018. It should not be assumed that the net present value of reserves estimated by Sproule represents the fair market value of these reserves.
Summary of Oil and Gas Reserves
(Company interest, before royalties) Heavy
Crude Oil Bitumen Natural
Gas 2017
(Mbbl) (Mbbl) (MMcf) (MBoe) (MBoe)
Proved developed producing 18,378 426 – 18,804 19,125
Proved developed non-producing 13,247 – 5 13,248 3,428
Proved undeveloped 62,321 – 3 62,322 53,840
Total proved 93,946 426 8 94,374 76,393
Probable 68,038 21 7 68,060 235,186
Total proved plus probable 161,984 447 15 162,434 311,579
(1) BOE's may be misleading, particularly if used in isolation. In accordance with NI 51-101, a BOE conversion ratio of 6 Mcf: 1 barrel is based on an energy equivalency conversion method primarily applicable at the burner tip and does not represent a value equivalency at the wellhead.
Net Present Value of Reserves
Net Present Value of Future Net Revenue Discounted at %/year
($000s) 0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Before Tax
Developed producing 455,399 402,162 354,620 314,838 282,110
Developed non-producing 272,154 239,688 208,828 181,899 159,021
Undeveloped 1,516,483 868,783 521,732 327,678 213,734
Total proved 2,244,035 1,510,633 1,085,180 824,416 654,865
Probable 3,143,580 1,619,000 932,438 588,985 399,242
Total proved plus probable 5,387,615 3,129,634 2,017,618 1,413,400 1,054,106
After Tax
Total proved 1,989,914 1,347,801 976,134 748,657 600,589
Total proved plus probable 4,584,823 2,642,967 1,701,269 1,196,212 898,461
(1) Based on Sproule's December 31, 2017 forecast prices.
(2) Columns may not add due to rounding.
Estimated Future Development Capital
The following table summarizes the future development capital ("FDC") Sproule estimates is required to bring total proved and total proved plus probable reserves on production.
($ Millions) Total Proved Total Proved + Probable
Remainder 537.1 651.4
Total FDC undiscounted 755.5 960.1
Total FDC discounted at 10% 376.6 450.5
Reconciliation of Changes in Reserves
The following table summarizes the changes in Sproule's evaluation of the Company's share of oil and natural gas reserves (before royalties) from December 31, 2016 to December 31, 2017.
Gas BOE
(Mbbl) (Mbbl) (MMcf) (MBOE)
Balance, Dec 31, 2016 75,260 1,057 456 76,393
Extensions and improved recovery 18,284 8 18,285
Technical revisions 3,931 (452) (247) 3,438
Economic factors (20) (20)
Production (3,509) (179) (209) (3,723)
Balance, Dec 31, 2017 93,946 426 8 94,374
Balance, Dec 31, 2016 56,374 178,742 421 235,186
Technical revisions (3,348) (178,721) (2) (421) (182,139)
Economic factors 108 108
Balance, Dec 31, 2017 68,038 21 7 68,061
Proved plus Probable
Balance, Dec 31, 2016 131,634 179,799 877 311,579
Extensions and improved recovery 33,188 15 33,191
Technical revisions 583 (179,173) (668) (178,700)
Economic factors 88 88
Balance, Dec 31, 2017 161,984 447 15 162,434
(1) Columns may not add due to rounding
(2) Includes technical revisions of bitumen associated with the Blackrod SAGD project that were reclassified to contingent resources
Pricing Assumptions
The pricing assumptions used in the Sproule evaluation are summarized below.
Year WTI
40° API Canadian Light Sweet Crude
40° API Western
Canadian Select
20.5° API Alberta
AECO-C
Spot Inflation rate Exchange rate
(US$/bbl) (CDN$/bbl) (CDN$/bbl) (CDN$/MMBtu) (%/yr) (US$/Cdn$)
2018 55.00 65.44 51.05 2.85 0.0 0.790
Escalation rate of 2.0% thereafter
(1) The pricing assumptions were provided by Sproule.
(2) None of the Company's future production is subject to a fixed or contractually committed price.
"Proved" reserves are those reserves that can be estimated with a high degree of certainty to be recoverable. It is likely that the actual remaining quantities recovered will exceed the estimated proved reserves.
"Probable" reserves are those additional reserves that are less certain to be recovered than proved reserves. It is equally likely that the actual remaining quantities recovered will be greater or less than the sum of the estimated proved plus probable reserves.
"Developed" reserves are those reserves that are expected to be recovered from existing wells and installed facilities or, if facilities have not been installed, that would involve a low expenditure (e.g. when compared to the cost of drilling a well) to put the reserves on production.
"Developed Producing" reserves are those reserves that are expected to be recovered from completion intervals open at the time of the estimate. These reserves may be currently producing or, if shut-in, they must have previously been on production, and the date of resumption of production must be known with reasonable certainty.
"Developed Non-Producing" reserves are those reserves that either have not been on production, or have previously been on production, but are shut in, and the date of resumption of production is unknown.
"Undeveloped" reserves are those reserves expected to be recovered from known accumulations where a significant expenditure (for example, when compared to the cost of drilling a well) is required to render them capable of production. They must fully meet the requirements of the reserves classification (proved, probable, possible) to which they are assigned.
The Net Present Value (NPV) is based on Sproule forecast pricing and costs. The estimated NPV does not necessarily represent the fair market value of our reserves. There is no assurance that forecast prices and costs assumed in the Sproule evaluations will be attained, and variances could be material.
Contingent Resources
In addition to the reserve evaluation discussed above, the Company also requested Sproule prepare resource evaluations for each of its core properties: Blackrod, Onion Lake and Mooney. The following tables summarize certain information contained in the contingent resource evaluations prepared by Sproule as of December 31, 2017. The reports were independently prepared in accordance with definitions, standards and procedures contained in the COGE Handbook.
It should not be assumed that the estimates of recovery, production, and net revenue presented in the tables below represent the fair market value of the Company's contingent resources. There are certain contingencies which currently prevent the classification of these contingent resources as reserves. Information on these contingencies is provided in the footnotes to the tables below. There is no certainty that it will be commercially viable to produce any portion of the contingent resources. Please refer to our Annual Information Form (to be filed on February 22, 2018) for a more detailed discussion of our contingent resources.
Summary of Best Estimate Contingent Resource Volumes – By Property (1)(2)
Unrisked Volumes Risked Volumes(4)
Heavy Crude Oil Bitumen Heavy Crude Oil Bitumen
Project Maturity
Subclass(3) Chance of Development(4) Gross(5) Net (5) Gross(5) Net (5) Gross(5) Net Gross(5) Net (5)
Blackrod (6) (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (Mbbl) (Mbbl)
First phase Development/ pending 94% 179,294 141,971 168,536 133,453
Future phases Development/ on hold 77% 566,135 461,358 435,924 355,246
Onion Lake (7)
Thermal Development/ pending 85% 27,035 21,356 22,980 18,153
Primary Development/ pending 90% 1,154 851 1,038 766
Mooney (8) Development/ on hold 71% 15,904 13,791 11,292 9,792
Summary of Net Present Value of Future Net Revenue of Development Pending Contingent Resources
The following table sets forth the net present value of BlackPearl's best estimate risked contingent resources in the development pending project maturity sub-class at December 31, 2017.
An estimate of risked net present value of future net revenues of the "development pending" contingent resources subclass is preliminary in nature and is provided to assist the reader in reaching an opinion on the merit and likelihood of the Company proceeding with the required investment. It includes contingent resources that are considered too uncertain with respect to the chance of development to be classified as reserves. There is uncertainty that the risked net present value of future net revenue will be realized. The other subclass of resources (development on hold) is not included in this net present value amount, and therefore, this is not reflective of the value of the resources base.
Net Present Values of Future Net Revenue Before Income Taxes
Discounted at (%/year)
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Project ($M)
Blackrod (6) (first phase) 4,110,612 1,470,349 554,602 200,879 53,197
Onion Lake (7) (thermal) 746,710 322,153 151,364 76,040 39,853
Onion Lake (7) (primary) 13,247 9,349 6,643 4,762 3,446
(1) Contingent Resources are defined in the COGE Handbook as those quantities of petroleum estimated, as of a given date, to be potentially recoverable from known accumulations using established technology or technology under development, but are not currently considered to be commercially recoverable due to one or more contingencies. Contingencies may include factors such as economic, legal, environmental, political and regulatory matters or a lack of markets. It is also appropriate to classify as Contingent Resources the estimated discovered recoverable quantities associated with a project in the early evaluation stage.
(2) There are three classifications of contingent resources: Low Estimate, Best Estimate and High Estimate. Best estimate is a classification of estimated resources described in the COGE Handbook as being considered to be the best estimate of the quantity that will be actually recovered. It is equally likely that the actual remaining quantities recovered will be greater or less than the best estimate. If probabilistic methods are used, there should be at least a 50% probability that the quantities actually recovered will equal or exceed the best estimate.
(3) Contingent resources are further classified based on project maturity. The project maturity subclasses include development pending, development on hold, development unclarified and development not viable. All of the Company's contingent resources are classified as either development pending or development on hold:
(a) Development pending is where resolution of the final conditions of development are being actively pursued, indicating there is a high chance of development.
(b) Development on hold is where there is a reasonable chance of development, but there are major non-technical contingencies to be resolved that are usually beyond the control of the operator.
(4) Chance of Development is defined as the probability of a project being commercially viable. Sproule's estimate of unrisked contingent resources have been adjusted for risk based on the chance of development (risked amounts represent unrisked values multiplied by the Chance of Development).
(5) "Gross" means the Company's working interest share in the contingent resources before deducting royalties. "Net" means the Company's working interest share after the deduction of royalty obligations. The Company has a 100% working interest at Blackrod and Mooney and the Onion Lake thermal project, and a 50 to 100% working interest at Onion Lake Primary.
(6) The established recovery technology to be used to recover the contingent resources of the Blackrod project is the SAGD process, the same process that is being used in the successful pilot that is currently being conducted within the Blackrod reservoir.
• The contingencies in the Sproule Report associated with the Company's contingent resources for the first phase of the Blackrod project are due to (a) the absence of corporate commitment related to the final investment decision and endorsement from the Board of Directors of the Company to move forward with commercial development and a final investment decision will not likely occur for several years and (b) the estimated timing of production and development may commence beyond the reasonable time periods described in the COGE Handbook to be classified as reserves. For the contingent resources associated with the first phase of the Blackrod project, the estimated timing of first commercial production is 2024 and the estimated capital to reach first commercial production is $0.8 billion (unrisked and escalated for inflation).
• The contingencies in the Sproule Report associated with the Company's contingent resources for the future phases of the Blackrod project are due to the following: (a) the requirement for more evaluation drilling, as required by the regulatory process, to define the reservoir characteristics to assist in the implementation and operation of the SAGD process; (b) the absence of submission of an application to expand the commercial SAGD development beyond the phase 1 project area; (c) the absence of corporate commitment related to the final investment decision and endorsement from the Board of Directors of the Company to move forward with commercial development of future phases of the Blackrod project and a final investment decision will not likely occur for several years; and (d) the uncertainty of timing of production and development of future phases of the Blackrod project. For the contingent resources associated with future phases of the Blackrod project, the estimated timing of first commercial production is 2028 and the estimated capital to reach first commercial production is $1.2 billion (unrisked and escalated for inflation).
(7) The recovery of the Company's Onion Lake contingent resources will use a combination of production processes: the established modified SAGD process for future phases of the Onion Lake thermal project, the same process that is already utilized commercially in phase 1 of the Onion Lake thermal project; and the established cold heavy oil production with sand (CHOPS) process to extend the primary development area, the same CHOPS process that has already been extensively deployed throughout the field.
• For the Onion Lake thermal project, the contingencies in the Sproule Report associated with the Company's Onion Lake contingent resources are due to the following: (a) the requirement for more evaluation drilling to define the reservoir characteristics to assist in the implementation and operation of the modified SAGD recovery process; and (b) approvals between the Company and OLCN/OLE and Saskatchewan Energy and Resources (SER) for thermal EOR development in the lands currently leased by the Company but outside the thermal EOR development area; and (c) the estimated timing of production and development is beyond the reasonable time periods described in the COGE Handbook to be classified as reserves. For the Onion Lake thermal project contingent resources, the estimated timing of first commercial production is 2022, while the estimated capital to reach first commercial production is $61.2 million (unrisked and escalated for inflation).
• For the extension of the primary development area, the contingencies in the Sproule Report associated with the Company's Onion Lake contingent resources are due to the following: (a) the requirement for more evaluation drilling to confirm the geological continuity of the reservoir and reduce the distance from proven productivity; and (b) the potential for the current agreements with the Onion Lake Cree Nation (OLCN), which are subject to policies and approvals by Indian Oil and Gas Canada (IOGC), required to be renegotiated due to changes imposed by IOGC. First commercial production for the primary development area has already been achieved and, as a result, estimated capital to reach first commercial production is nil.
(8) The established recovery technology to be used for phases 3 and 4 of the Mooney project is the established ASP flood process, the same process that is already deployed commercially in phase 1 of the Mooney field. The contingencies in the Sproule Report associated with the Company's Mooney contingent resources are due to the following: (a) the requirement for more evaluation wells to confirm the reservoir characteristics needed for the ASP process; (b) the absence of regulatory approvals to expand the ASP development area beyond the phase 1 and phase 2 project areas; (c) the absence of a final investment decision from the Board of Directors of the Company to move forward with the ASP flood expansion to phases 3 and 4 of the Mooney project and (d) the uncertainty of timing of production and development of phases 3 and 4 of the Mooney project. First commercial production for the Mooney ASP flood has already been achieved and, as a result, estimated capital to reach first commercial production at the Mooney ASP flood is nil.
(9) The pricing assumptions used by Sroule in the determination of the NPV of the "development pending" contingent resources were the same as those used to determine the NPV of the oil and gas reserves.
The Company is planning to release its 2017 year-end financial and operating results on February 22, 2018.
At December 31, 2017, the Company had 336,267,235 common shares outstanding.
This release contains certain forward-looking statements and forward-looking information (collectively referred to as "forward-looking statements") within the meaning of applicable Canadian securities laws. All statements other than statements of historic fact are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by such words as "seek", "anticipate", "plan", "continue", "estimate", "expect", "may", "will", "project", "potential", "targeting", "intend", "could", "might", "should", "believe" or similar words suggesting future events or future performance. In particular, this release contains the following forward-looking statements:
The estimated volumes and net present values of BlackPearl's proved and probable reserves and contingent resources as well as the estimated future development capital to bring the reserves on production.
The estimate that initial steam injection will occur in February 2018 on phase 2 of the Onion Lake thermal project and that peak production rates should occur within 12 months after initial steam injection
The estimated capital costs to construct phase 2 of the Onion Lake thermal project of between $180 to $185 million.
The forward-looking information is based on, among other things, expectations and assumptions by management regarding its future growth, future production levels, future oil and natural gas prices, continuation of existing tax, royalty and regulatory regimes, foreign exchange rates, estimates of future operating costs, timing and amount of capital expenditures, performance of existing and future wells, recoverability of the Company's reserves and contingent resources, the ability to obtain financing on acceptable terms, availability of skilled labour and drilling and related equipment on a timely and cost efficient basis, continuance of current general economic and financial market conditions, environment matters and the ability to market oil and natural gas successfully to current and new customers. Although management considers these assumptions to be reasonable based on information currently available to it, they may prove to be incorrect.
By their nature, forward-looking statements involve numerous known and unknown risks and uncertainties that contribute to the possibility that actual results will differ from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements. Further information regarding these risk factors may be found under "Risk Factors" in the Annual Information Form, which can be accessed on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.
Undue reliance should not be placed on these forward-looking statements. There can be no assurance that the plans, intentions or expectations upon which forward-looking statements are based will be realized. Actual results will differ, and the differences may be material and adverse to the Company and its shareholders. Furthermore, the forward-looking statements contained in this release are made as of the date hereof, and the Company does not undertake any obligation, except as required by applicable securities legislation, to update publicly or to revise any of the included forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. The forward-looking statements contained herein are expressly qualified by this cautionary statement.
This is information that BlackPearl Resources Inc. is obliged to make public pursuant to the EU Market Abuse Regulation and the Swedish Securities Markets Act. The information was submitted for publication at 3:00 p.m. Mountain Time on January 30, 2018.
John Festival
Robert Eriksson
Investor Relations Sweden
BlackPearl Resources
Alberta Premier Jason Kenney's response to the United State's decision on Keystone XL
Statement by the Prime Minister of Canada on the United States' decision on the Keystone XL project
Tourmaline Oil Corp. announces inaugural issuance of senior unsecured notes
Birchcliff Energy Ltd. Announces 2021 Capital Program and Updated Five Year Plan
Biden to revoke Keystone XL pipeline permit after swearing-in-aides | {
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} |
Induction of apoptosis by pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) hull extract and its molecular mechanisms of action in human hepatoma cell line HepG2.
Several important Pistacia species such as P. vera have been traditionally used for treating a wide range of diseases (for instance, liver-related disorders). There is a relative lack of research into pharmacological aspects of pistachio hull. Hence, this study was aimed at investigating whether pistachio rosy hull (PRH) extract exerts apoptotic impacts on HepG2 liver cancer cell line. In order to evaluate cell viability and apoptosis in response to treatment with the extract, MTT assay and Annexin-V-fluorescein/propidium iodide (PI) double staining were performed, respectively. Moreover, molecular mechanism of apoptosis induced by the extract was determined using human apoptosis PCR array. Our findings showed that PRH extract treatment reduced cell viability (IC50 ~ 0.3 mg/ml) in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the extract significantly induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. In addition, quantitative PCR array results demonstrated the regulation of a considerable number of apoptosis-related genes belonging to the TNF, BCL2, IAP, TRAF, and caspase families. We observed altered expression of both pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes associated with the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis signaling pathways. These results suggest that the aqueous extract of PRH possesses apoptotic activity through cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing effects on HepG2 cells. | {
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namespace Raz {
VertexArray::VertexArray() {
Logger::debug("[VertexArray] Creating...");
Renderer::generateVertexArray(m_index);
Logger::debug("[VertexArray] Created (ID: " + std::to_string(m_index) + ')');
}
void VertexArray::bind() const {
Renderer::bindVertexArray(m_index);
}
void VertexArray::unbind() const {
Renderer::unbindVertexArray();
}
VertexArray::~VertexArray() {
if (!m_index.isValid())
return;
Logger::debug("[VertexArray] Destroying (ID: " + std::to_string(m_index) + ")...");
Renderer::deleteVertexArray(m_index);
Logger::debug("[VertexArray] Destroyed");
}
VertexBuffer::VertexBuffer() {
Logger::debug("[VertexBuffer] Creating...");
Renderer::generateBuffer(m_index);
Logger::debug("[VertexBuffer] Created (ID: " + std::to_string(m_index) + ')');
}
void VertexBuffer::bind() const {
Renderer::bindBuffer(BufferType::ARRAY_BUFFER, m_index);
}
void VertexBuffer::unbind() const {
Renderer::unbindBuffer(BufferType::ARRAY_BUFFER);
}
VertexBuffer::~VertexBuffer() {
if (!m_index.isValid())
return;
Logger::debug("[VertexBuffer] Destroying (ID: " + std::to_string(m_index) + ")...");
Renderer::deleteBuffer(m_index);
Logger::debug("[VertexBuffer] Destroyed");
}
IndexBuffer::IndexBuffer() {
Logger::debug("[IndexBuffer] Creating...");
Renderer::generateBuffer(m_index);
Logger::debug("[IndexBuffer] Created (ID: " + std::to_string(m_index) + ')');
}
void IndexBuffer::bind() const {
Renderer::bindBuffer(BufferType::ELEMENT_BUFFER, m_index);
}
void IndexBuffer::unbind() const {
Renderer::unbindBuffer(BufferType::ELEMENT_BUFFER);
}
IndexBuffer::~IndexBuffer() {
if (!m_index.isValid())
return;
Logger::debug("[IndexBuffer] Destroying (ID: " + std::to_string(m_index) + ")...");
Renderer::deleteBuffer(m_index);
Logger::debug("[IndexBuffer] Destroyed");
}
} // namespace Raz
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
} |
on 16 Dec 2016
The Trump Administration
Inside Higher Ed asks what might happen to Title IX and investigations into campus sexual assaults under the Trump Administration.
Via The Washington Post: "Democratic senators press Trump's education pick Betsy DeVos to pay years-old $5.3 million fine."
Via The Detroit Free Press: "Betsy DeVos' trouble with data."
Via Education Week: "Who Is Part of Ed. Sec. Nominee Betsy DeVos' Policy Circle?"
Via The New York Times: "Betsy DeVos and God's Plan for Schools."
Jennifer Berkshire looks at Betsy DeVos and her connection to the fringes of the Christian Right: "Culture Warrior Princess."
Via The New York Times: "How Trump's Education Nominee Bent Detroit to Her Will on Charter Schools."
Via Politico: "DeVos' Michigan schools experiment gets poor grades."
Via The New Yorker: "Betsy DeVos and the Plan to Break Public Schools."
Via the AP: "Fearing Trump crackdown, 'dreamers' advised to end travel."
"Trump launches war on unions," according to Politico.
Via The Intercept: "Transition Adviser Peter Thiel Could Directly Profit From Mass Deportations."
"Elon Musk and the chief executive of Uber are now advising Donald Trump," The Washington Post reports.
"As Trumplethinskin lets down his hair for tech, shame on Silicon Valley for climbing the Tower in silence," Recode Kara Swisher writes.
Lots of folks in ed-tech seem super excited about Trump too, including Knewton's Jose Ferreira, Jack Kent Cooke Foundation's Harold O. Levy, and KnowledgeWorks' Lillian Pace.
Meanwhile, here's a list of people in tech who are stating publicly that they will not build a Muslim registry, something that Trump has proposed. Bill Fitzgerald on "Why I Signed neveragain.tech."
When Donald met Kanye:
These issues included bullying, supporting teachers, modernizing curriculums, and violence in Chicago.
— KANYE WEST (@kanyewest) December 13, 2016
On Wednesday, the fourth anniversary of the Sandy Hook massacre, the Hanover School District 28 school board in Colorado voted to allow its teachers to carry concealed handguns in school.
Elsewhere in guns on campus, this via The Chronicle of Higher Education: "Campus Concealed-Carry Bill Awaits Ohio Governor's Approval."
Via Edsurge: "Minnesota Higher Ed Office Says Udacity's Nanodegrees Might Violate State Law."
"Federal Communications Commission Chairman Tom Wheeler will step down next month, leaving a significant legacy on issues of concern to K–12 educators and creating uncertainty about what direction the commission might take under new Republican leadership," Education Week reports. Wheeler supported e-Rate reform and "net neutrality." The Trump administration? Not so much.
Via Education Week: "GOP Lawmakers Put ESSA Accountability, Teacher-Prep Regulations on Hit List."
Via The New York Times: "Google Effect Rubs Off on Schools in One Rural Oklahoma Town."
"The Education of Barack Obama," by The Nation's Dana Goldstein.
Via The Hechinger Report: "Mississippi's early ed shakeup: State reorganizes key child care services, launches new family tracking system."
"Having unexpectedly found itself handing off the baton to a Republican administration in January, the U.S. Department of Education is racing to finish a slate of Obama administration priorities. But few of the department's remaining tasks are as daunting as processing thousands of debt-relief claims filed by former students of closed for-profit colleges," writes Inside Higher Ed. The Department of Education has also announced "an experiment to find the best loan counseling services for student borrowers," Inside Higher Ed reports, as well as the names of new loan collector contracts.
Via Reuters: "College Board faces rocky path after CEO pushes new vision for SAT."
"Students with disabilities will soon have an easier time requesting test accommodations from the College Board," Education Week reports.
"What countries can learn from PISA tests" – at least, according to The Economist.
Online Education and the Once and Future "MOOC"
"A judge will allow Ohio's education department to review attendance records that could force Ohio's largest online charter to return millions of its funding," says the AP.
Via Chalkbeat: "The broken promise of Indiana's online schools."
"Some shareholders in K12 Inc., the largest for-profit operator of online schools in the country, are calling on the company to disclose how much it spends on lobbying and advertising," Education Week reports.
edX lists its most popular courses of the year.
"UT Austin and SMOCs: What do we know about whether they work?" asks Mindwire Consulting's Phil Hill.
"Online Education Pioneer Boots Up a Jobs Program for the Tech Industry," the MIT Technology Review reports. That "online education pioneer" is Sebastian Thrun. More on the possible legal troubles this program faces in the politics section above.
Coding Bootcamps and the "New" "For-Profit Higher Ed")
Via The Chronicle of Higher Education: "DeVry University and its parent company will pay $100 million to settle a lawsuit, brought by the Federal Trade Commission, that claimed the for-profit institution had misled prospective students. A news release from the commission says the settlement 'secures significant financial redress for tens of thousands of students harmed by DeVry's conduct.'" More via The New York Times and from the FTC.
Via The Huffington Post: "Two former high-ranking executives of Trump University are now two of the top executives at a Florida-based career college, Ultimate Medical Academy, that has 13,000 students enrolled, has been receiving more than $150 million annually in federal student aid, and is accredited by the imperiled agency ACICS."
More on possible debt relief for students of for-profit colleges in the politics section above.
"There Have Been Over 200 School Shooting Incidents Since The Sandy Hook Massacre," The Huffington Post reminds us. This week marked the fourth anniversary of the shootings at the Newton elementary school.
Via The New York Times: "On Campus, Trump Fans Say They Need 'Safe Spaces'."
Via New York Magazine: "Alt-Right Troll Milo Yiannopoulos Uses Campus Visit to Openly Mock a Transgender Student."
"CCSF can't prove it taught 16,000 students, must pay $39 million," The San Francisco Chronicle reports. Mindwires Consulting's Phil Hill says this is the "price of faculty not using LMS." Rather, it's the price of deciding that "proof" of online education requires the LMS.
Via The New York Times: "Success Academy Buys Space in Manhattan Tower for 2 New Schools." (It's not Trump Tower, don't worry, Eva Moskowitz fans.)
Also via The New York Times: "New York Charters Enroll Fewer Homeless Pupils Than City Schools."
Via The Times-Picayune: "Last 5 New Orleans public schools expected to become charter operations."
Via The Houston Chronicle: "Facing pressure to cut special education, Texas schools shut out English Language Learners."
"Are Colleges Engines of Inequality?" – a new report from The Chronicle of Higher Education.
Via KQED: "Homeless U: First Shelter Just for College Students Opens Its Doors."
Via Inside Higher Ed: "Colby-Sawyer College, a private college in New Hampshire, has announced cuts in staff positions and is also eliminating some majors." One of the majors cut: English. Can you be a SLAC if you don't offer a degree in English?
The War on Xmas Will Be Fought in Schools
A school in Texas made a teacher take down a decoration that read "For unto you is born this day in the City of David a Savior which is Christ the Lord … That's what Christmas is all about Charlie Brown." WWJD: she sued. A federal judge issued an injunction and so the decoration can remain.
Accreditation and Credentialing
Via The Chronicle of Higher Education: "John B. King Jr., the secretary of education, on Monday upheld the U.S. Department of Education's decision to revoke the federal recognition of the Accrediting Council for Independent Colleges and Schools, an agency that had accredited for-profit colleges that suffered recent high-profile collapses."
Barbara Beno, the president of the Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior College, has been placed on leave, The San Francisco Chronicle reports.
"What does a high school diploma prove?" asks The Connecticut Mirror.
More on MOOC "degrees" and possible legal troubles in the politics section above.
Via IndyStar: "A 20-year toll: 368 gymnasts allege sexual exploitation."
Via The Chronicle of Higher Education: "The University of Minnesota's football players announced on Thursday that the entire team would boycott practices and other team activities – even a December 27 appearance in the Holiday Bowl, if need be – to protest the university's suspension of 10 players from the team in connection with a campus investigation of a sexual-assault complaint."
Via Inside Higher Ed: "Following similar scandals involving sexist, racist and homophobic online communication among some male athletes at Harvard and Columbia Universities and Amherst College, Princeton University on Thursday announced that it was suspending its men's swimming and diving team."
Via The Casper Star Tribune: "University of Wyoming athletics director Tom Burman said Wednesday he's confident the university can cover the recent contract extension for football coach Craig Bohl without any additional financial aid from the state. Bohl is getting a pay raise to $1.4 million a year, starting next year. He is currently guaranteed $850,000 a year." The University of Wyoming has lost some $41 million in funding from the state over the past two years, and as a result it has slashed departments and staff. But the football team is a priority, clearly.
Via Inside Higher Ed: "Citing high-profile cases of academic fraud at some of the country's most visible universities, the American Council on Education released a report today urging colleges and universities to better align their athletics departments with their academic mission and to 'ensure a culture of integrity.'"
Heather Hiles, formerly the CEO of portfolio company Pathbrite (which was sold to Cengage Learning in 2015) will be the new "deputy director of postsecondary success" at the Gates Foundation.
The Sacramento Bee reports that former UC Davis Chancellor Linda Katehi is being considered to lead the school's Feminist Research Institute. Maybe she can do for the online reputation of white feminism what she did to obscure the university's pepper-spray incident.
Via The New York Times: "Columbia Graduate Students Vote Overwhelmingly to Unionize."
Via The Chronicle of Higher Education: "Most Colleges Will Change Overtime Policies Despite Judge's Blocking of New Rule."
"A Gadsden City Schools principal has been suspended after coming under fire for a social media post he made following Trump's election," the AP reports. His Facebook post: "All I can say is, Trump was elected two days ago and we already have actual white flour American rolls in the lunchroom instead of the Communist wheat bread that's been served for the past few years."
Via Backchannel: "Inside Peter Thiel's Genius Factory."
Also via Backchannel: "A Secret Ops AI Aims to Save Education." Oh goody. Secret ops and AI.
The BBC reports that "Cuba signs deal for faster internet access to Google content." Think again if you believe Google supports "net neutrality."
In other "don't believe 'don't be evil'" news: "Google Won't Alter the Holocaust-Denying Results For 'Did the Holocaust Happen'," says Gizmodo. Google search is fundamentally broken if this is the first result you get. Broken.
"Google Tackles Graduation with Two New Features," according to Edsurge. That is, you can get emails about what's going on in Google Classroom. Google's gonna "fix" graduation problems but you can't even search for "Is Elvis still alive" without getting a wrong answer.
Via CNBC: "Pearson's marketing chief on the company's virtual tutors and digital education transformation."
Via the press release: "Pearson Releases Research-Based Learning Design Principles for Public Use."
The Chronicle of Higher Education looks at how 50 years of technology "transformed education forever." What's so great about technology is that it has "transformed education forever" and yet you still hear ed-tech advocates insisting that education has not changed in hundreds of years. Both/and, I guess.
Campus Technology reports that "Elsevier Debuts Metrics Tracking Journal Performance." Meanwhile, "Germany-wide consortium of research libraries announce boycott of Elsevier journals over open access," according to BoingBoing.
Via Techcrunch: "Family friendly streaming service VidAngel found to be in violation of law, ordered to shut down."
Via NPR: "Kids In Spain Rebel Against Homework, And Parents Are Their Biggest Boosters."
The latest from Stanford history professor on Larry Cuban on "personalized learning" in Silicon Valley area schools.
Augmented reality startup Magic Leap is unbelievable. (Because it's "smoke and mirrors.")
The Business of Ed-Tech
Podotree has raised $107 million from Anchor Equity Partners and GIC. The Korean educational app-maker has raised $116.93 million total.
Pluralsight has raised $30 million "En Route to IPO," says Edsurge, rewriting CNBC's reporting and not even bothering to add value. Like, say, remind folks that former Secretary of Education Arne Duncan joined the skills-training company's board this summer. Pluralsight has raised $192.5 million total. This latest round came from investors Insight Venture Partners and Iconiq Capital.
Inkling probably doesn't "count" as ed-tech any longer since it's pivoted away from the digital textbook business. But it's raised $25 million from Sapphire Ventures, Sequoia Capital, and Tenaya Capital. The startup has raised $102.12 million total.
Curriculum maker XSEED Education has raised $10 million from Verlinvest.
MasteryConnect has raised $4.5 million "to refocus on core product and profits." Investors in this round include Catamount Ventures, the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, the Dell Foundation, Pelion Ventures, and Trinity Ventures. The testing company has raised $33.63 million.
Codementor has raised $1.6 million "to become elite marketplace for freelance developers." Investors include WI Harper. The company has raised $3.4 million total.
Knowledgehook has raised $902,810 from Sayan Navaratnam, Steve Case, and John Abele. The startup uses "real-time student data to improve teacher instruction."
Math education startup Math Buddy has raised $438,000 from Menterra Venture Advisors.
Next Education has acquired Xolvr.
"Investors See Promise in Ed-Tech Sector Despite Challenges," says Education Week. Of course they do.
You know what's cooler than a million hacked Yahoo accounts?
Via NBC Washington: "Public Schools Data Breach Affects 1,000 Former Frederick County Students."
When Evernote updated its privacy policy, the new terms said that the company's employees would be able to read people's notes in order to improve its "machine learning." Needless to say, folks were upset, and despite insisting it wasn't a big deal at first, the company has now changed its mind. You'll have to opt-in to having your notes perused.
Inside Higher Ed reports that a student filmed a psychology instructor at Orange Coast College as she made comments in class about Donald Trump and posted the video to the College Republicans' Facebook page. She's had to flee the state because of threats.
And I guess that's why I'm a little skeptical about professors clamoring to be on "the watchlist." A better tactic, I'd argue, is to make sure your department and institution have concrete steps they'll take in order to protect academic freedom and – quite literally – protect academics' lives when these sorts of threats occur.
The Washington Post asks, "When every moment of childhood can be recorded and shared, what happens to childhood?"
Via Slate: "Wrongful Arrest by Software." No, it isn't about education directly, but predictive analytics are supposedly "the next big thing," and let's be honest about how discriminatory and flawed this software is.
Via The Telegraph: "Test predicts which children will grow up to be drain on society – when they are just three years old." "A drain on society."
There's more on surveillance and predictive analytics in the research section below.
Via Edsurge: "New Research From Civitas Learning Asks, 'Who's Likely to Succeed in College?'"
Via Inside Higher Ed: "Language education is dwindling at every level, from K–12 to postsecondary, and a diminishing share of U.S. residents speak languages other than English, according to a new report from the American Academy of Arts and Sciences."
"Cuts in Spending for Research Worldwide May Threaten Innovation," the OECD contends.
Via Inside Higher Ed: "Recent college graduates were more likely than those in prior decades to visit a career center while in college but are less likely to view their interactions as 'very helpful,' according to the newest data from an annual Gallup-Purdue University study of college graduates."
Via The Guardian: "Gendered toys could deter girls from career in engineering, report says."
"Older Americans Went Back To School During The Recession. Did It Pay Off?" FiveThirtyEight asks.
Via NPR: "After 50 Years, Head Start Struggles With Uneven Quality."
The Hechinger Report looks at campus policing: "Data shows that just having a school-based police officer makes it more likely that a child will be referred to law enforcement for even minor infractions — potentially pushing kids into the justice system for misdeeds like vandalism, more generally known as the school-to-prison pipeline."
Via The Awl: "America's Worst Schools, Ranked." (By tweets.)
Published 16 Dec 2016 | {
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Planning your trip is certainly a pleasant chore. Here, we make some suggestions on the best ways to travel to Koh Samui. These trips normally consist of a flight to Bangkok followed by an additional leg to the island of Samui.
As of today, direct flights are available to Samui from various cities overseas, such as Hong Kong (Bangkok Airways), Singapore (Bangkok Airways) and Kuala Lumpur (Berjaya Air and Firefly). Also keep in mind that Bangkok Airways and Thai Airways can take you to Samui from Bangkok as well as other Thai cities, giving you a chance to get to know the mainland before you plunge into the crystal-clear waters near your vacation home on the island.
Getting to the Thai capital is fairly straightforward. Dozens of airlines offer regular flights to Bangkok from cities in Europe, America, Asia and Oceania. Often, you can save money by flying via an indirect route, and chances are low that you will have to endure a long grueling changeover. Carriers like Emirates, Qatar Airways and Etihad Airways provide excellent service overall and make sure that your transfer process is as comfortable as possible.
Having tried the services of many carriers, Samuiland recommends that travelers fly with Thai Airways, the national carrier of the Kingdom of Thailand. On its direct flights to Bangkok, the company offers a truly unrivalled level of service and attention to detail. Families vacationing with kids are sure to appreciate the comfort provided by the staff on Thai Airways.
We also recommend planning your trip in advance. This is because last minute tickets purchased during high season, i.e. in December, January or August, are always much more expensive than tickets purchased months beforehand.
An hour long roundtrip flight from Bangkok to Koh Samui costs approximately US$300 per adult passenger. The carriers offering this service are Bangkok Airways and Thai Airways which depart every hour from 6 am to 10 pm.
A budget traveler can also get to Koh Samui through a combination of different routes (plane, train and bus). Taking a ferry from the mainland to the island is necessary as part of such a travel plan. Getting to Samui in this way is tiresome and we do not recommend it. Besides, there is always the danger of a ferry service delay due to stormy weather. | {
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Platypria funebris is een keversoort uit de familie bladkevers (Chrysomelidae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd in 1905 gepubliceerd door Raffaello Gestro.
funebris | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaWikipedia"
} |
Kilroy Realty's Second Quarter 2016 Earnings Conference Call
Published Tue, Jul 5 2016 2:00 PM EDT
LOS ANGELES, July 05, 2016 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Kilroy Realty Corporation (NYSE:KRC) has scheduled its quarterly conference call to discuss its second quarter 2016 financial results on Tuesday, July 26, 2016 at 10:00 a.m. Pacific Time (1:00 p.m. Eastern Time). The phone number for the call is (888) 680-0878, passcode: 80256205.
This call is being Webcast by Thomson/CCBN and can be accessed at Kilroy Realty Corporation's Website at www.kilroyrealty.com.
The Webcast is also being distributed through the Thomson StreetEvents Network. Institutional investors can access the call via Thomson StreetEvents (www.streetevents.com), a password-protected event management site.
A webcast replay will be available in the Investor Relations, Shareholder Information - Conference Calls section of the company's Website at www.kilroyrealty.com. A replay will also be available from July 26, 2016 at 12:00 p.m. Pacific Time until August 2, 2016, by dialing (888) 286-8010, passcode: 85935244.
About Kilroy Realty Corporation. With almost 70 years' experience owning, developing, acquiring and managing real estate assets in West Coast real estate markets, Kilroy Realty Corporation (KRC), a publicly traded real estate investment trust and member of the S&P MidCap 400 Index, is one of the region's premier landlords. The company provides physical work environments that foster creativity and productivity and serves a broad roster of dynamic, innovation-driven tenants, including technology, entertainment, digital media and health care companies.
At March 31, 2016, the company's stabilized portfolio totaled 13.7 million square feet of office properties, all located in the coastal regions of greater Seattle, the San Francisco Bay Area, Los Angeles, Orange County and San Diego. The company is recognized by GRESB as the North American leader in sustainability, ranking first among 155 North American participants across all asset types. At the end of the first quarter, the company's properties were 46% LEED certified and 66% of eligible properties were ENERGY STAR certified. In addition, KRC had approximately 905,000 square feet of office and residential projects under construction with a total estimated investment of approximately $645.0 million. More information is available at http://www.kilroyrealty.com.
Contact Information:Tyler Rose(310) [email protected]
Source:Kilroy Realty | {
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Entertaining Resume; I also have a full life business resume as Executive Secretary, Quality Movement, etc.
258 self-made/designed costumes, impersonations, and characters, hair designer, make-up artist. Sings about 9,000 songs in 8 languages: English, Polish, French, Spanish, Italian, German, Japanese, and Latin.
Singer, dancer, crowd Energizer Bunny, TV & Radio Personality, movies, star in plays, widow US Marine Purple Heart Veteran, Mother, devoted daughter. Human Resource Director for Employee Development, Singing Chef, Jewell Catering, the Caterer to the Stars of Chicago, Legal Assistant, Executive Secretary, Sales, Assistant to manager at Federal Reserve Bank, Artist, Gourmet Cook & Baker, Raised pedigreed, champion German Shepherds, Organic Gardener, Computer Whiz, Transportation Specialist, Home Rehab Specialist, Ancestry specialist, Writer, Spirituality, metaphysician and healer.
Excalibur Casino, Lynryd Skynyrd's BBQ & Beer Restaurant, Mandalay Bay, House of Blues: Rockstar Karaoke with Rockband, Bill's Gambling Hall/Harrahs owned, Caesar's, TV, 40th Anniversary, Harrah's, Greek Islands, M Resort, Fiesta, Gold Coast, Fitzgerald's, Imperial Palace, Boulder Station, Fremont Street, Downtown Las Vegas.
Singing Chef at Linens and Things where I taught gourmet cooking and karaoke at the same station!
Wild Chicago, Jenny Jones Show as "Queen of Karaoke" which turned into "American Idol", VH1, MTV, Glamour Productions, Models on Parade, TV series, "Early Editions," background actress many movies.
Polish Constitution Parade, St. Patrick's Day - Chicago and Las Vegas, German Festival, Italian Festival, marched in first Vietnam Veteran parade 40 years after the war. I crusaded and was victorious for veteran's rights.
Interviews and singing: WJMK-FM, WPKG, brought in the Millennium, New Year's Eve, 2000, WSCR Interview.
La Vegas Viet Nam Veteran Parade, VFW, U.S. Marine Club. Most all my entertaining in costumed karaoke was out of love not for money. I'd change costumes as many as eight times in one karaoke evening. Fairy Godmother event at Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago.
Chicago Makeup and Hair Convention, Rosemont Convention Center, McCormick Place, Sales, Set up; break down, female Elvis tribute artist.
Singing my heart out with the White Blues on Karaoke TV, Chicago. This is tearsheet from Chicago Reader Newspaper.
Hope to see you there! Bring your friends and family. I impersonate 249 characters with self-made and designed costumes. Only person in world!
I'll be performing first as Dolly Parton with famous self-made umbrella. A famous designer in Vegas said this costume was worth $6,000! Second costumed entertainment will be Scarlett O'Hara, in one of "6" costumes I sewed. See others on this website "Costume Pix, Gone with the Wind" tab on left. Third costumed performance will be Tina Turner, with famous fringed dress and rocken songs. Last, and best, is Patriotic for our dear Veterans. Since I'm widow of US Marine, Purple Heart Hall of Honor, I've crusaded for Veterans and changed history.
TODAY: 3-9-14 Moved to Branson Missouri and loving it. Practicing a few new songs by printing out lyrics, adding google images to help me remember and emphasize. | {
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In the tutorial, How to create a Wiki Page I create a page called "Site Upgrade". In this tutorial, I will demonstrate how to edit the "Site Upgrade" page. Some things in SharePoint aren't always straightforward and if you're new to SharePoint 2013 or SharePoint in general, this can be more difficult than you would think.
2. Under Lists, Libraries and other Apps click Site Pages.
3. From the list of pages, click Site Upgrade.
4. To start editing the page, in the upper-left click Page.
5. In the edit section of the ribbon click Edit.
7. In the Styles section of the ribbon click Heading 1.
9. Type the following "The SharePoint upgrade is scheduled for January 2nd, 2015".
10. In the upper-left click Save.
11. Check out the updated page!
You have successfully edited a SharePoint Wiki page! Now you can go back in and make additional changes to best fit your needs. | {
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} |
Q: DAX Query to get average of a column within the same table We have a table named MetricsTable which has columns A1 and Group simply.
We want to add a calculated column AvgA1 to this table which calculates the average of column A1 filtered by the value of Group . What should be our DAX query? The point is that we want to claculate the average from the values within the same table.
| id | A1| Group | AvgA1
| -- | --- | --- ------| ----
| 1 | 20 | Group1| 20
| 2 | 10 | Group2| 30
| 3 | 50 | Group2| 30
| 4 | 30 | Group2| 30
| 5 | 35 | Group3| 35
Regards
A: Likely you should use a measure and put that measure into a pivot table's 'Values' section:
AverageA1:=
AVERAGE( Metrics[A1] )
Then it will be updated based on filter and slicer selections in the pivot table, and subtotaled appropriately across various dimension categories.
If it strictly needs to be a column in the table for reasons not enumerated in your question, then the following will work:
AverageA1 =
CALCULATE(
AVERAGE( Metrics[A1] )
,ALLEXCEPT( Metrics, Metrics[Group] )
)
CALCULATE() takes an expression and a list of 0-N arguments to modify the filter context in which that expression is evaluated.
ALLEXCEPT() takes a table, and a list of 1-N fields from which to preserve context. The current (row) context in the evaluation of this column definition is the value of every field on that row. We remove the context from ALL fields EXCEPT those named in arguments 2-N of ALLEXCEPT(). Thus we preserve the row context of [Group], and calculate an average across the table where that [Group] is the same as in the current context.
| {
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When you think of Enterprise E-commerce software, the two names that are bound to come to your mind are Shopify Plus and Big Commerce. Among the top enterprise E-commerce platforms, these two are the major contenders for the throne.
So, how do you decide which to choose when faced with Big Commerce vs. Shopify Plus? Well, you can't pick either without knowing where the two platforms stand in different measures. You must first conduct an Enterprise E-commerce platform comparison. We are here to help you out. Here is an Enterprise E-commerce comparison between Shopify Plus vs. Big Commerce Enterprise based on two major measures.
The first measure for any user should be ease of use. Think about it. Are you willing to spend time trying to figure out a platform? Probably now. Therefore, opting for platforms that are highly easy to use is the objective of many users.
Big Commerce is excellent when it comes to delivering ease of use. This stems from Big Commerce's ability to take risks. Its approach to user experience is unique. Some might find it inconvenient as it is different than what users are used to. However, when you give it a chance, you realize that Big Commerce gives you much better control of your store than any other platform does.
Shopify is very easy to use as well. Those who are familiar with the working of WordPress, you would find it very easy to navigate through the interface of Shopify. However, this familiarity and ease don't extend to second level navigation. After the first level, the navigation and the various processes can feel annoying.
When it comes to ease of use, Big Commerce wins the run in the long-run, even though at first glance you might prefer Shopify.
How do platforms deliver plug-ins and add-ons? They do so via their app store. So, it is a given that you should assess the app stores offered by Big Commerce vs. Shopify.
The app store offered by Big Commerce works smoothly and is full of various advantageous plugins and add-ons. You will find the masses raving about the app store.
Shopify's app store is packed with advanced tools, features, plug-ins, and add-ons. According to reviews about the store, users have found it to be convenient to use.
Both Shopify and Big commerce are equally good as far as their app stores are concerned.
Both Shopify and Big Commerce have their merits. You have to decide what weight to give to each. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Life in Research
Apply for training grants for early career researchers
By: Guest contributor, Tue Oct 6 2020
Author: Guest contributor
With international travel harder than ever, and most scientific – and personal – interactions moving online, the Nature Communications journals have adapted our grant scheme for Early Career Researchers to fit these challenging times.
Written by Joe Aslin, Associate Editor for Communications Earth & Environment, Nature
The Communications journals (Communications Biology, Communications Chemistry, Communications Earth & Environment, Communications Materials and Communications Physics) have, for the past two years, offered travel grants for promising early career researchers to attend conferences for which they would otherwise lack the funding. Of course, the current COVID-19 pandemic and resulting restrictions on international travel have seen scientific meetings and workshops around the world re-organise as online-only events.
With travel grants now effectively useless, but support for the careers of young researchers more important than ever, the Communications journals have re-thought our early career grants scheme for 2020. We are now accepting applications for training grants to help early career researchers attend online training courses or workshops. If the event is actually being held in a physical location then these grants can of course still be used for that.
Unlike previous years, where a single grant of €1,500 was awarded per journal, this year each title will be awarding multiple grants of up to €500 to cover the cost of registration on a training course, workshop or meeting of the applicant's choice happening anytime during 2021.
To apply you must be:
a PhD student or a postdoc within 5 years of completion of your PhD
conducting research in one of the fields covered by the Communications journals and
able to demonstrate that you have no other funds available to attend the course or workshop.
Full eligibility criteria can be found on our guidelines for applicants.
The deadline for applications is 26th October 2020 and the winners will be announced in early December. If you think you could make use of this grant, we encourage you to apply. If you know of someone else who may be eligible then please let them know and spread the word!
This is a very tough time for early career researchers but we hope these grants can go some way to helping keep the next wave of promising scientists learning their trade, developing their skills and interacting with their communities.
About Joe Aslin:
Joe joined Communications Earth & Environment in January 2020 and has a background in tectonics and structural geology.
His doctoral research at the University of Liverpool focused on the physical and chemical processes which influence deformation in mid-crustal fault and shear zones using a combination of field and laboratory techniques. Prior to that, Joe used U-Pb geochronology to investigate the uplift and tectonic history of the central Andes during his MSci research at the University of Bristol. Joe is based in the London office.
Guest Contributors include Springer Nature staff and authors, industry experts, society partners, and many others. If you are interested in being a Guest Contributor, please contact us via email: [email protected]. | {
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How Is The NHS Going To Apply AI?
AI is going to play a huge role in the future of healthcare, which is why the UK government recently pledged £250 million to develop AI in the NHS. They intend to use this to improve treatments of conditions including cancer, dementia and heart disease. So where is this money actually going to go?
The Department of Health will use the investment for a cutting-edge National Artificial Intelligence Lab. The main goal of the lab will be to use AI to detect and diagnose life-threatening diseases like cancer and dementia at an early stage. Early detection is one of the most important factors in developing an effective, and often life-saving treatment. This technology can also improve cancer screening: AI algorithms can use big data to speed up the delivery of test results of mammograms, brain scans, eye scans playing a crucial role in conditions affecting millions every year.
One of the most exciting new proposals of the AI lab is to develop technology which can use DNA tests to identify which patients have the highest genetic risk of certain diseases, making way for early diagnosis and effective treatment. By pre-empting risks, healthcare professionals can act earlier and save patients from diseases which would otherwise be life threatening.
Of course, all of this will be a waste if the NHS aren't ready to adopt the innovations available with AI. This is why part of the program includes training and upskilling for AI staff to develop the use of state-of-the-art AI within our existing healthcare system. Once the staff are ready, and a secure AI system is developed, everything from surgery to routine paperwork has the potential to be improved through automation. This doesn't mean AI is coming to replace jobs in the NHS, but that it will enable clinicians to spend more time on the important aspects of medical imaging, like patient care. Health Secretary Matt Hancock said that the funding is set to 'boost the frontline by automating admin tasks and freeing up staff to care for patients'.
Investment in AI will keep growing over the coming years, and this funding boost will improve healthcare through AI's ability to automate processes, analyse scans, and even develop new methods of diagnosis. Stay at the forefront of this critical medical area, sign up for the AI and Machine Learning Convention to see some of the world's most exciting AI technology, which will be crucial to the future of healthcare over the next few years.
The AI and Machine Learning Convention is part of Mediweek 2020, the UK's largest healthcare event showcasing over 50 expert speakers and 50 innovative exhibitors across Oncology, AI and Medical Imaging. Over 500 AI professionals will be attending the AI and ML convention, as part of the 5000 medical imaging and oncology professionals attending Mediweek 2020. To gain some of the most exciting and unmissable medical expertise in Europe, sign up for free here. | {
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Officials at 4 Factories Accused Of Violating Wage, Safety Laws
a Wall Street Journal Staff Reporter
Sept. 4, 1996 12:04 am ET
NEW YORK -- Officials from four garment factories, including one making apparel for Kmart Corp. under the Kathy Ireland label, were charged with violating minimum-wage laws and creating hazardous workplace conditions.
The Kings County District Attorney's Office said workers at one location were being paid as little as $2.67 an hour, compared with the state's legal minimum wage of $4.25. Workers at the other three factories were being paid by the piece, which is also against state law. Investigators also found various safety violations, including locked exits at three factories. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
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Babur, Founder Mughal Dynasty India
Mughals
Timurid
Babur, Founder Mughal Dynasty India >
Babur was a Muslim conqueror from Central Asia who, following a series of setbacks, finally succeeded in laying the basis for the Mughal dynasty of India. He was a direct descendant of Timur through his father, and a descendant also of Genghis Khan through his mother. Babur identified his lineage as Timurid and Chaghatay-Turkic, while his origin, milieu, training, and culture were steeped in Persian culture and so he was largely responsible for the fostering of this culture by his descendants, and for the expansion of Persian cultural influence in the Indian subcontinent, with brilliant literary, artistic, and historiographical results.
More on this Website
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babur
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Babur was a Muslim conqueror from Central Asia who, following a series of setbacks, finally succeeded in laying the basis for the Mughal dynasty of India. He was a direct descendant of Timur through his father, and a descendant also of Genghis Khan through his mother. Babur identified his lineage as Timurid and Chaghatay-Turkic, while his origin, milieu, training, and culture were steeped in Persian culture and so he was largely responsible for the fostering of this culture by his descendants, and for the expansion of Persian cultural influence in the Indian subcontinent, with brilliant literary, artistic, and historiographical results. More...
Related > Conquerors • Founders • Muslims • Royalty • Statesmen • Aquarius • February 14 • India • Mongols • Mughals • Renaissance • Rulers • Timurid • 15th Century • 16th Century • Icons • People
Genghis Khan, Unified the Mongols
Genghis Khan was the founder and Great Khan (emperor) of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his demise. He came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of northeast Asia. After founding the Mongol...
Tamerlane (Timur) the Great
Timur meaning "iron" or Tamerlane in English, was a 14th-century conqueror of much of western and central Asia, founder of the Timurid Empire and Timurid dynasty (1370–1405) in Central Asia, and great great grandfather of Babur, the founder of the Mu...
Akbar the Great, Greatest Mughal Emperor
Jalaluddin Muhammad Akbar also known as Akbar the Great was the son of Nasiruddin Humayun whom he succeeded as ruler of the Mughal Empire from 1556 to 1605, and the grandson of Babur who founded the Mughal dynasty. On the eve of his death in 1605, th... | {
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} |
Now offering SOTF tuning using Hp Tuners.
Working directly with the owner to build a one-off tune specific to your vehicle and needs. From simple fuel economy and towing to max effort race tunes. Currently supporting 03-07 Cummins & 01-04 LB7 Duramax. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Fakhroklanen även kallad Fakhro-familjen eller Släkten Fakhro är ett släktbaserat kriminellt nätverk inom folkgruppen mhallami och har sitt ursprung i Mardin-provinsen i Turkiet och Libanon. Gruppen är även en av de släkter som finns med i svenska polisens så kallade klanrapport.
I Sverige är släkten mest verksam i Malmö och Helsingborg, men även i Lund, Arlöv, Bjuv, Trelleborg, Borås och Göteborg. Klanen har cirka 800 medlemmar i Sverige och 95 procent av klanmedlemmarna bor i Skåne (2006). En stor del av klanmedlemmarna har dömts för brott som utpressningar, mordförsök, vapenbrott och narkotikabrott.
Släkten blev mest uppmärksammad för en långvarig släktfejd mellan två falanger inom Fakhroklanen som pågick åren 2006–2012 som bland annat omfattade flera mordförsök, fem rättegångar och ett femtiotal polisanmälningar. Enligt rapporten från polisens nationella operativa avdelning är klanen ett av de mest framträdande släktnätverken i Malmö. Klanen har även blivit uppmärksammad för flera bluffbolag och bedrägerier där det har handlat om miljonbelopp. Fakhroklanen har även släktkopplingar till släktnätverket Ali-Khan samt Al-Zein-klanen. Hashem Ali Khan som är ledare för Ali-Khan-klanen har medlat i släktfejden. Släktnätverket finns också i Tyskland och har fått uppbackning därifrån vid konflikter och uppgörelser.
Brott
Grova bedrägerier och bluffbolag
SVT har granskat Malmöfamiljen Fakhro och har genom flera publiceringar visat hur familjen bluffat till sig avtal där det har handlat om över 12 miljoner kronor genom falska CV och referenser samt falska fakturor. Sex bröder som tillhör Fakhroklanen i Malmö har drivit ett 20-tal bluffbolag och har lurat privatpersoner på hundratusentals kronor. Tidningen Kvällsposten granskade en gårdsbutik mellan Lund och Södra Sandby som inte verkade ha några anställda, ingen skatt som betalades, inga deklarationer, flera byggnationer gjorts utan bygglov och en verksamhet som var dåligt skött. Efter granskningen fick gårdsbutikens Facebook- och Twittersidor flera kritiska kommentarer om den dåligt skötta verksamheten och då hotades kritikerna till döds av klanmedlemmarna.
Den 3 juni 2022 häktades två bröder i Malmö och en tredje anhölls i sin frånvaro tillhörande Fakhroklanen misstänkta för grovt bedrägeri samt medhjälp till grovt bedrägeri. De tre bröderna dömdes den 5 augusti 2022 till tre års fängelse för grovt bedrägeri. Domen fastställdes av hovrätten i oktober 2022.
I Borås häktades den 3 maj 2022 två män som har koppling till Fakhroklanen, misstänkta för flera fall av grovt bedrägeri och grova penningtvättsbrott samt grova bokföringsbrott och utpressningar. Medlemmar ur Fakhroklanen i Borås har granskats av Borås Tidning efter att de polisanmälts för bland annat utpressningar och grova bedrägerier samt olaga hot och för att ha drivit flyttfirmor med falska ID-handlingar.
Släktfejden i Malmö
En lång och blodig konflikt inom två falanger av Fakhroklanen inträffade i Malmö mellan 2006 och 2012, det resulterade i flera skottlossningar och mordförsök. Flera slagsmål och grova överfall med knivar, machete och basebollträ samt flera mordbränder är kopplade till denna konflikt. Under denna tid beslagtogs flera skjutvapen av polisen. 2010 besköts två personer med ett automatvapen i en drive-by-skjutning men ingen blev träffad. Under denna period ska även runt 25 klanmedlemmar ha varit häktade och 50 polisanmälningar gjorts samt 5 rättegångar hållits kopplade till denna interna konflikt.
Den 26 september 2011 fick polisen ingripa mot upplopp i familjen Fakhro i Malmö. Polisen sköt en 33-åring i benet. Sex personer greps misstänkta för bland annat grov misshandel och vapenbrott och flera av de gripna hade pistoler och knivar. 2012 fortsatte konflikten vid en sammandrabbning i Rosengård där runt 200 personer ska ha drabbat samman och slagits mot varandra.
Juli 2014 blev 3 personer beskjutna av en 29-årig man efter ett stort bråk i Hindby i Malmö, skottlossningen samt bråket hade en koppling till släktfejden mellan olika falanger inom Fakhroklanen.
Grova narkotikabrott
Flera personer med anknytning till Fakhroklanen greps i mitten av 2020 på väg till Helsingborg efter att ha smugglat 100 kg cannabis med hjälp av en lastbil. En 28-årig man med anknytning till Fakhroklanen blev stoppad av polisen efter att ha varit misstänkt för narkotikabrott, när polisen genomförde en husrannsakan hittade man flera skjutvapen.
Tyskland
Fakhroklanen finns också i Tyskland och har av de tyska myndigheterna klassificeras som "säkerhetsrelevant" och en av de största klanerna i Berlin, klanmedlemmar finns även i Bremen och Hamburg. Utöver illegal vapenhandel, narkotikahandel och inbrott ska klanfamiljen ha tjänat pengar på prostitution, penningtvätt och rån. Klanen kontrollerar också ett territorium i Berlin, där den kontrollerar narkotikahandeln och vapenhandeln.
Inbrott i lyxbutik i Wilmersdorf
Natten till den 8 oktober 2017 ska flera män med kopplingar till klanen ha gått in i en lyxbutik på Wilmersdorf i Berlin och stulit 68 vinterjackor av hög kvalitet. Värdet ska ha varit cirka 45 000 euro. Strax efter inbrottet stals ett fordon från en säker polisanläggning, uppenbarligen för att förstöra viktigt DNA och andra bevis. Förutom en medlem från Fakhroklanen misstänktes även en medlem av Remmoklanen i 20-årsåldern.
Referenser
Organiserad brottslighet
Kriminella nätverk med Mhallamianknytning | {
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It is no longer the rare chef who decides to take a step back from meat and focus on vegetables. Over the last few years, vegetables have become the new hot kid, welcomed and sought after, be it in chef Alain Passard's famed halls of L'Arpège in Paris, or the uncomplicated Greenwich Village dining room of Nix in New York that has been all the rage since it opened earlier this year.
Few restaurants, however, have turned their attention to seafood. The most notable exception is chef Eric Ripert's three-Michelin-starred Le Bernardin in New York, but even Chef Ripert allows a place or two for meat on his menu. There are probably few other restaurants in the world that dedicate their attention as unwaveringly to seafood as chef Kotaro Meguro's Abysse in Tokyo. The 30-year-old chef, who previously trained at Le Petit Nice in Marseilles and Quintessence in Tokyo, forgoes meat dishes entirely on his menu, turning an unwavering focus to the fruits of the ocean.
The menu started with a chilled ginkgo soup cradling some soft-shell turtle jelly, swirling together into a bright and refreshing blend of umami and bitterness.
The bread was accompanied by an exceptionally fruity olive oil from Provence.
The first course was a vibrantly colored plate of botan shrimps from Hokkaido and octopus from Ehime. The botan shrimps were strikingly sweet and gelatinous, while the octopus were tender but didn't add too much in terms of flavor. These were adorned with little bundles of sea grapes that exploded in tiny bursts of brininess and umami, as well as some chicory and figs. A drizzle of sweet beetroot juice and a quenelle of mascarpone mousse tinged with a hint of wasabi completed the dish.
In a shocking contrast against the bright colors of the previous plate, the pan-fried hamo was served in a stark ocean of blackness. But the dish possessed more dimension than the colors would let you believe – salty with a purée of eggplant and squid ink, sweet with a crumble of eggplant skin, and dark with some charred trumpet mushrooms.
A signature at Abysse, the soupe de poisson was made with lobster and no less than seven kinds of fish, daringly spiced with cayenne, anise, saffron and, in an inspired touch, orange. The complex and powerful flavors lingered persistently, carrying a memory of the profound ocean depth after which the restaurant was named.
After the intensity of the soup, the delicate flavors of the silver pomfret felt a bit too timid and subdued, but built slowly in umami. Variations of pistachio crowded the fish, the verdant blend of oil and purée studded with roasted whole pistachios, while plump little parcels of butternut squash added pops of color and sweetness.
For dessert, a delicious dacquoise was crowned with Nagano grapes and sheathed beneath a canopy of vanilla jelly, sat on a bed of cream cheese powder. A light and elegant dessert that showcased the amazing flavor of Nagano grapes.
Chef Meguro's dedication to seafood showed in his understanding of the ingredients. My meal gave the impression of a kitchen that knows its way around what the ocean has to offer, delivering flavors that were uncomplicated but delightful all the same. If my lunch was anything to go by – and if the fully booked dining room on a Monday afternoon was any sign – Abysse's decision to focus on the great ocean depth certainly paid off. | {
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Subsets and Splits