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Yasmin: A Comprehensive Oral Contraceptive Pill for Women’s Health
Yasmin is an oral contraceptive pill that combines two hormones – ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone. It belongs to the class of medications called combined oral contraceptives (COCs).
Being one of the most popular and widely used contraceptive options, Yasmin offers a highly effective and convenient method for women to prevent unwanted pregnancies. By utilizing a combination of estrogen (ethinyl estradiol) and progestin (drospirenone), Yasmin effectively prevents ovulation, alters cervical mucus to inhibit sperm entry, and changes the uterine lining to discourage implantation. These mechanisms work harmoniously to provide reliable contraception.
Yasmin is not only used as a contraceptive but also offers various benefits to women’s health. It can help regulate menstrual cycles, reduce menstrual pain, alleviate symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and even improve acne. Its versatility makes it an attractive option for many women seeking contraception as well as relief from these common issues related to their reproductive health.
One of the key advantages of Yasmin is its high tolerability and safety profile when used correctly. However, as with any medication, it is essential to consider potential risks and contraindications. Women with a history of certain medical conditions such as blood clots, liver disease, breast cancer, or uncontrolled hypertension may not be suitable candidates for Yasmin. Therefore, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional before initiating its use.
To ensure optimal therapeutic outcomes, it is essential to adhere to prescribed dosing instructions. In some cases, dose adjustment may be necessary, particularly for individuals with liver or kidney dysfunction. Healthcare providers follow specific protocols to determine the appropriate dosage based on individual patient characteristics to ensure safety and efficacy.
For comprehensive and up-to-date information on prescribing Yasmin, it is recommended to refer to reputable sources such as the official prescribing information provided by the manufacturer or authoritative medical databases like Medscape or UpToDate. These sources offer valuable insights into the proper administration, potential side effects, and drug interactions associated with Yasmin, allowing healthcare professionals to make informed decisions when prescribing this medication.
It is important to note that while Yasmin is a highly effective contraceptive pill, ethical considerations should always be taken into account, especially when prescribing it to vulnerable populations. Healthcare providers play a vital role in ensuring patient autonomy, informed consent, and addressing any concerns or questions that patients may have. Prioritizing the well-being and individual needs of each patient is crucial to provide ethical and responsible healthcare.
In conclusion, Yasmin is a widely-used combined oral contraceptive pill that offers reliable contraception and various health benefits for women. By understanding its mechanism of action, potential risks, and optimal use, healthcare professionals can empower women to make informed decisions about their reproductive health.
Latest Advancements in Pharmaceuticals for Women’s Health
Women’s health has always been a focus of scientific research to improve the quality of life and address specific health concerns. In recent years, there have been significant advancements in pharmaceuticals targeted towards women’s health. These advancements aim to provide better treatment options, enhance efficacy, and minimize potential side effects. Here are some notable developments:
1. Non-Hormonal Contraceptive Options
One major advancement in women’s health pharmaceuticals is the introduction of non-hormonal contraceptive options. While hormonal contraceptives, such as Yasmin, have been widely used and proven effective, some women may prefer non-hormonal alternatives due to personal preferences, health conditions, or hormonal sensitivity. Non-hormonal options include barrier methods like condoms, cervical caps, diaphragms, and intrauterine devices (IUDs) that do not release hormones.
2. Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives (LARCs)
LARCs have gained popularity due to their high effectiveness and convenience. These include intrauterine devices (IUDs) and hormonal implants. IUDs are small, T-shaped devices inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. They can be hormonal or non-hormonal, depending on the type. Hormonal implants, on the other hand, are small rods inserted under the skin, releasing a controlled amount of hormones to prevent pregnancy for several years.
3. Personalized Medicine
Advancements in personalized medicine have revolutionized the field of women’s health. Through genetic testing and other diagnostic tools, healthcare providers can now tailor treatment plans to individual patients, taking into account their unique genetic makeup, metabolism, and specific health conditions. This approach allows for more precise dosing, reduced side effects, and improved overall effectiveness.
4. Improved Menopause Management
Menopause is a significant milestone in every woman’s life, and pharmaceutical advancements have been made to address its associated challenges. Hormone therapy, such as estrogen replacement therapy, has been refined to provide relief from common symptoms like hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and mood swings. Additionally, non-hormonal alternatives like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have shown promise in managing menopausal symptoms.
5. Enhanced Treatment for Gynecological Disorders
Pharmaceutical research has prioritized the development of drugs to address specific women’s health concerns, such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and uterine fibroids. These conditions can cause significant pain, fertility issues, and other complications. Recent advancements have led to new treatment options, including hormonal therapies, pain management strategies, and minimally invasive surgical techniques.
It is important for healthcare professionals and patients to stay updated on these advancements in women’s health pharmaceuticals to make informed decisions regarding treatment options. For further information on this topic, please refer to the following reputable sources:
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention – Women’s Reproductive Health
- National Institutes of Health – Women’s Health
- American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
Protocols for Dose Adjustment in Patients with Liver or Kidney Dysfunction
When prescribing medications like Yasmin, healthcare providers must consider the specific needs of patients with liver or kidney dysfunction. Failure to modify the dosage appropriately can lead to severe complications or ineffective treatment. Here are some important protocols for adjusting the dose of Yasmin in these patients:
1. Liver Dysfunction:
In patients with liver dysfunction, the metabolism and elimination of medications may be impaired. Therefore, it is essential to prescribe a lower dose of Yasmin to minimize potential risks. The following dosage adjustment protocol is recommended:
“For patients with mild to moderate liver dysfunction, a dose reduction to 3 mg of drospirenone and 20 mcg of ethinyl estradiol is advised. In severe cases of liver dysfunction, the use of Yasmin should be avoided due to the potential for increased exposure to hormones, which may cause significant adverse effects.”
– National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)
Following these guidelines ensures the safety and effectiveness of Yasmin treatment in patients with liver dysfunction. However, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice and monitoring.
2. Kidney Dysfunction:
In patients with kidney dysfunction, the clearance and excretion of medications may be impaired. Adjusting the dose of Yasmin is necessary to avoid potential complications. The recommended dose adjustment protocol for patients with kidney dysfunction is as follows:
“No dose adjustment is required in patients with mild to moderate kidney dysfunction. However, caution should be exercised due to limited data available. In patients with severe kidney dysfunction or end-stage renal disease, the use of Yasmin is not recommended due to potential safety concerns.”
– European Medicines Agency (EMA)
Adhering to these recommendations helps ensure the safe and appropriate use of Yasmin in patients with kidney dysfunction. However, individualized advice from a healthcare professional is essential for optimal patient care.
Remember, these dose adjustment protocols are specific to Yasmin and may vary for other medications. Always consult trusted sources, healthcare professionals, and package inserts for accurate and up-to-date information.
Ethical Considerations in Prescribing Yasmin, particularly in Vulnerable Populations
Prescribing Yasmin, an oral contraceptive pill, raises several important ethical considerations, especially when prescribing to vulnerable populations. It is crucial for healthcare providers to consider the following factors and implications when recommending Yasmin:
1. Informed Consent
Prior to prescribing Yasmin, healthcare providers must ensure that patients fully understand the risks, benefits, and potential side effects of the medication. Informed consent is essential to empower patients to make well-informed decisions about their reproductive health. It is important to spend adequate time discussing the potential risks, as well as alternative contraceptive options, to enable patients to make the best choice for their individual circumstances. Planned Parenthood offers comprehensive information on various contraceptive methods that can be helpful in the decision-making process.
2. Vulnerable Populations
Special consideration should be given to vulnerable populations, such as teenagers, victims of intimate partner violence, those with limited access to healthcare, or individuals with intellectual disabilities. These groups may face additional challenges when it comes to accessing reproductive healthcare and may require extra support or assistance.
3. Cultural Sensitivity
Cultural beliefs and values surrounding contraception may influence an individual’s decision to use Yasmin. Healthcare providers should respect and understand different cultural perspectives on contraception and tailor their approach accordingly. Guttmacher Institute provides valuable resources on cultural competency in reproductive healthcare.
4. Patient Autonomy
Respecting patient autonomy is paramount in prescribing Yasmin. It is important to consider individual preferences and reproductive goals when recommending Yasmin or other contraceptive methods. Open and non-judgmental communication is necessary to provide patients with the information they need, allowing them to actively participate in the decision-making process.
5. Clinical Justification
Healthcare providers must ensure that prescribing Yasmin is clinically justified and aligns with evidence-based guidelines. Factors such as medical history, contraindications, and potential drug interactions should be thoroughly evaluated. Staying up-to-date with current research and guidelines from reputable sources, such as the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, is essential in making informed decisions.
Ethical considerations play a critical role in prescribing Yasmin or any contraceptive method. Healthcare providers must prioritize informed consent, cultural sensitivity, patient autonomy, and clinical justification to ensure the best possible outcomes for their patients’ reproductive health.
Specific Medications Used to Address Women’s Health Concerns
When it comes to women’s health, there are various specific medications available to address different concerns. These medications play a crucial role in managing and treating conditions that specifically affect women, such as hormonal imbalances, menstrual disorders, and reproductive health issues. Here are some commonly prescribed medications for women’s health:
- Birth Control Pills: Birth control pills are a popular form of contraception and can also help regulate menstrual cycles, manage menstrual pain, and reduce the risk of certain cancers. Yasmin is one such oral contraceptive pill that combines two hormones – ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone. It belongs to the class of medications called combined oral contraceptives (COCs). You can find more information about Yasmin on the official Yasmin website.
- Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Hormone replacement therapy is commonly used to alleviate symptoms of menopause, such as hot flashes, night sweats, and vaginal dryness. Estrogen and progesterone are usually the hormones replaced, and the therapy can be administered through various routes, including pills, patches, creams, or gels. It’s important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the most suitable form of HRT for individual needs.
- Osteoporosis Medications: Osteoporosis, a condition characterized by decreased bone density and an increased risk of fractures, primarily affects women after menopause. Medications like bisphosphonates, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), and hormone-related therapy can help prevent further bone loss and improve bone strength. The National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF) provides valuable information on osteoporosis and its management.
- Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen and naproxen are commonly used to manage menstrual pain, cramps, and inflammation associated with conditions like endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease. It’s essential to follow the recommended dosage and consult a healthcare professional if symptoms persist or worsen.
- Antidepressants: Antidepressant medications are sometimes prescribed to women who experience premenstrual syndrome (PMS) or premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a common class of antidepressants used for this purpose.
It is crucial to remember that every individual’s healthcare needs are unique, and these medications should be prescribed and used under the guidance of a healthcare professional. For more detailed information about specific medications and their uses, it is advisable to refer to trusted sources such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or consult with a healthcare provider specialized in women’s health.
Cost and Availability of Yasmin in the US
One important factor to consider when choosing a contraceptive option is its cost and availability. The affordability and accessibility of contraceptives can significantly impact women, particularly those with low wages or no insurance coverage for medications. In the case of Yasmin, these factors play a crucial role in ensuring its efficacy and convenience for women.
Yasmin, being a popular oral contraceptive pill, is available in many pharmacies and health clinics throughout the United States. This widespread availability makes it convenient for women to obtain their prescription and ensures easy access to the medication. To find a licensed pharmacy near you that offers Yasmin, you can utilize the RxList Pharmacy Directory.
However, it’s important to note that the cost of Yasmin can vary depending on various factors such as insurance coverage, pharmacy discounts, and generic alternatives. Without insurance, the average cost of a monthly supply of Yasmin can range from $30 to $50. To obtain accurate pricing information, it is recommended to consult with your healthcare provider, insurance provider, or directly contact the pharmacies in your area.
For women with low wages or no insurance coverage, several options can help alleviate the cost burden of Yasmin. One such option is to inquire about patient assistance programs offered by the manufacturer or pharmaceutical companies. These programs aim to provide financial support or discounts for eligible individuals. To learn more about patient assistance programs available for Yasmin, you can visit the official Yasmin website or contact their customer service department.
Additionally, exploring generic alternatives to Yasmin can also be a cost-saving measure. Generic versions of Yasmin containing the same active ingredients are available at a lower price point. However, it is essential to consult with your healthcare provider before switching to a generic alternative to ensure it meets your specific medical needs.
Ensuring access to affordable contraceptives is crucial in promoting women’s reproductive health. For women who struggle with low wages or lack insurance coverage, it is important to explore different resources and assistance programs that can help make Yasmin more accessible and affordable.
Choosing the Right Birth Control Option for Women with Low Wages and No Insurance
When it comes to choosing a birth control method, affordability and accessibility are often key factors, particularly for women with low wages and no insurance coverage. Fortunately, there are various options available that can meet both financial and contraceptive needs. It’s important to explore these options to ensure women can make informed decisions about their reproductive health. Here are some considerations:
1. Planned Parenthood
Planned Parenthood is a reputable organization that provides affordable reproductive healthcare services, including birth control options. They offer a wide range of contraceptive methods, such as birth control pills, patches, injections, and implants. Their services are priced on a sliding scale, based on income, making them accessible to women with low wages. You can learn more about their services and find a clinic near you on the Planned Parenthood website.
Medicaid is a government program that provides health insurance for low-income individuals and families. It covers a variety of contraceptive options, including birth control pills, intrauterine devices (IUDs), and sterilization procedures. Eligibility requirements vary by state, so it’s essential to visit the official Medicaid website or contact your local Medicaid office to check your eligibility and learn about covered services.
3. Title X Clinics
Title X is a federal program that supports family planning services, including birth control, for low-income individuals. Title X clinics offer contraception at reduced or no cost to individuals who are uninsured or have limited insurance coverage. These clinics prioritize confidentiality and ensure that their services are accessible to everyone. You can find a Title X clinic near you by visiting the official Title X Clinic Locator.
4. Affordable Care Act (ACA)
The Affordable Care Act requires insurance plans to cover FDA-approved birth control methods without co-pays or deductibles. This provision can be beneficial for women with low wages who have insurance coverage. Women can discuss their options with their insurance providers and find out which birth control methods are covered under their plan. To learn more about the ACA and its birth control coverage, visit the official Healthcare.gov website.
5. Local Health Departments
Local health departments often offer reproductive health services, including birth control, at a reduced cost or sliding scale based on income. These departments are committed to providing affordable healthcare options to all individuals, regardless of their financial status or insurance coverage. To find your local health department, check your city or county website or search for “
Remember that accessing affordable and effective birth control is crucial for women’s reproductive health and overall well-being. By exploring these options and utilizing the resources available, women with low wages and no insurance can make informed decisions that suit their individual needs. Knowledge is power, and everyone deserves the ability to plan their future and protect their reproductive health. | <urn:uuid:29a95054-7e34-47a5-966a-427523c51e8a> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.genistafoundation.org/yasmin-a-comprehensive-guide-to-womens-health-dose-adjustment-and-ethical-considerations.html | 2024-04-24T10:19:54Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296819089.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20240424080812-20240424110812-00000.warc.gz | en | 0.916886 | 3,751 | 4,599 |
The house-museum of Aleksandr Ivanovich Gertsen is a museum dedicated to the activities of the writer Alexander Herzen. Located in Moscow at 27 Sivtsev Vrazhek Lane, it is a branch of the State Literary Museum. The exposition is located in a wooden mansion in the Empire style, built in the 1820s, where Herzen lived from 1843 to 1847. The museum opened in 1976 at the initiative of the writer’s relatives. As of 2018, the collection includes more than five hundred exhibits: lifetime editions, photographs and personal belongings of the writer.
Alexander Ivanovich Gertsen (March 25 [ April 6 ] 1812, Moscow – January 9 1870 , Paris, France) – Russian publicist – revolutionary, writer, teacher, philosopher. He belonged to the extreme left of politicians and critics of the monarchical system in Russia, advocating socialist transformations, which he proposed to achieve through revolutionary uprisings.
The publisher of the revolutionary weekly journal The Bell (1857-1867). Being in exile, he openly supported the Polish uprising of 1863, which led to the disappointment in the “Bell” of many Russian intellectuals. The decline in interest in the social criticism of The Bells was also promoted by peasant reform in Russia.
Herzen’s literary work began as early as the 1830s. In “Athenaeum” for 1831 (II volume), his name is found under one translation from French. The first independent article, signed by the pseudonym Iskander, was published in the Telescope for 1836 (Hoffmann). At the same time include “Speech made at the opening of the Vyatka public library” and “Diary” (1842). In Vladimir were written: “Notes of one young man” and “More from notes of a young man” (“ Domestic Notes ”, 1840-1841; in this story, the philosopher Chaadaev is represented by Trenzinsky). From 1842 to 1847 he places in the “Domestic Notes” and “Contemporary”articles: “Dilettantism in science”, “Amateurs-romantics”, “Workshop of scientists”, “ Buddhism in science”, “Letters on the study of nature”. Here Herzen rebelled against the learned pedants and formalists, against their scholastic science, alienated from life, against their quietism. In the article “On the study of nature” we find a philosophical analysis of various methods of knowledge. Then Herzen wrote: “Regarding a drama”, “For various reasons”, “New variations on old themes”, “A few comments on the historical development of honor”, “From the notes of Dr. Krupov”, “ Who is to blame?” “,” Forty-thief “,” Moscow and St. Petersburg “,” Novgorodand Vladimir ”,“ Yedrovo Station ”,“ Interrupted Talks ”. Of all these works, the story “The Forty-Thief”, which depicts the terrible situation of the “serf intelligentsia”, and the novel “Who is to blame?”, Devoted to the issue of freedom of feeling, family relations, and the status of a woman in marriage, are especially distinguished. The main idea of the novel is that people who base their well-being solely on the basis of family happiness and feelings, alien to the interests of public and universal human beings, cannot provide themselves with lasting happiness, and it will always depend on chance in their life.
Of the works written by Herzen abroad, the following are especially important: letters from Avenue Marigny (Herzen’s first works printed in Sovremennik, all fourteen under the general title: Letters from France and Italy, 1855 edition), representing a remarkable description and analysis of events and moods that worried Europe in 1847-1852. Here one encounters a negative attitude towards the Western European bourgeoisie, its morality and social principles, and the author’s ardent faith in the future significance of the fourth estate. Herzen’s composition “From the Other Side” (originally in German “Vom anderen Ufer”, Hamburg, 1850) made a particularly strong impression in both Russia and Europe.; in Russian, London, 1855; in French, Geneva, 1870), in which he expresses complete disappointment with the West and Western civilization – the result of the mental upheaval that determined the writer’s worldview in 1848-1851. Also known: “Letter to Michelet”: “Russian people and socialism” – passionate and ardent defense of the Russian people against the attacks and prejudices that Michelet expressed in one of his articles, “ Past and Thoughts ” – a series of memoirs that are partially autobiographical in nature, but giving a whole series of highly artistic paintings, dazzlingly brilliant characteristics and Herzen’s observations from what he had experienced and seen in Russia and abroad.
All other works and articles of Herzen, such as “The Old World and Russia”, “Russian People and Socialism”, “Ends and Beginnings” and others, represent a simple development of ideas and moods, which were completely defined in the period 1847-1852 in works, indicated above.
In general, as B. A. Kuzmin noted, “having begun — and not by chance — from studying with Heine, Herzen then created his own special genre of fiction. The whole presentation is very emotional. The author’s attitude to the described events is expressed in his remarks, exclamations, deviations ”.
The attraction to freedom of thought was especially strongly developed in Herzen. He did not belong to any party. The one-sidedness of the “people of action” pushed him away from many revolutionary and radical leaders of Europe. Herzen’s mind quickly comprehended the imperfections and shortcomings of those forms of Western life, to which he was initially attracted from the not beautiful distant Russian reality of the 1840s. With consistency, Herzen abandoned his enthusiasm for the West when he was in his eyes below the previously composed ideal.
As a consistent Hegelian, Herzen believed that the development of mankind proceeds in steps, and each step is embodied in a well-known nation. Laughing at the fact that the Hegelian god lives in Berlin, Herzen essentially transferred this god to Moscow, sharing his faith with the Slavophiles in the coming change of the Germanic Slavic period. At the same time, as a follower of Saint-Simon and Fourier, he combined this belief in the Slavic phase of progress with the doctrine of the impending replacement of the rule of the bourgeoisie by the triumph of the working class, which should come, thanks to the Russian community, just opened by the German Haksthausen. Together with the SlavophilesHerzen was disappointed in Western culture, believing that “the West has decayed, and new life cannot be poured into its dilapidated forms.” Faith in the communityand the Russian people saved Herzen from a hopeless look at the fate of mankind. At the same time, Herzen did not deny the possibility that Russia would also pass through the stage of bourgeois development. Defending the Russian future, Herzen argued that there was a lot of ugliness in Russian life, but there was no vulgarity in its forms. In his opinion, the Russian tribe is a fresh virgin tribe that has the “aspirations of the future century”, an immeasurable and uncountable supply of vitality and energy; “The thinking person in Russia is the most independent and most open-minded person in the world.” Herzen was convinced that the Slavic world is striving for unity, and since “centralization is contrary to the Slavic spirit,” Slavism will unite on the principles of federations. Relating freely to all religions, Herzen recognized, however, Orthodoxymany advantages and advantages compared to Catholicism and Protestantism[ source not specified 2746 days ].
Herzen’s philosophical and historical concept emphasizes the active role of man in history. At the same time, it implies that the mind cannot realize its ideals, ignoring the existing facts of history, that its results constitute the “necessary basis” for the operations of the mind.
Herzen’s legacy does not contain any special theoretical works on upbringing, but throughout his life he was interested in pedagogical problems and was one of the first Russian thinkers and public figures of the mid-19th century to touch upon the problems of upbringing in his works. His statements on the issues of upbringing and education testify to the existence of a well-thought-out pedagogical concept.
Herzen’s pedagogical views were determined by philosophical (atheism and materialism), ethical (humanism) and political (revolutionary democracy) beliefs.
Criticism of the education system under Nicholas I
Herzen showed the danger of authoritarian education in Russia of his time. He sharply criticized the education system and the attitude to education of Nicholas I of.
Herzen called the reign of Nicholas I a thirty-year persecution of schools and universities and showed how the Nikolaev Ministry of Education strangled public education. The tsarist government, according to Herzen, “was in wait for a child at the first step in life and corrupted a cadet child, a high school boy, a young student. It mercilessly, systematically etched human embryos in them, weaned them, as from vice, from all human feelings, except for humility. “For punishment of infringement, it punished minors in the same way as hard-core criminals are not punished in other countries.”
He strongly opposed the introduction of religion in the education and transformation of schools and universities into an instrument for strengthening serfdom and autocracy.
Herzen believed that the simplest people have the most positive effect on children, that it is the people who are the bearers of the best Russian national qualities. Young people learn from the people respect for work, disinterested love for their homeland, aversion to idleness.
Herzen considered the main task of upbringing to be the formation of a humane, free person who lives up to the interests of his people and seeks to transform society on a reasonable basis. Children, in his opinion, should be provided with conditions for free development. He said: “A reasonable recognition of self-will is the highest and moral recognition of human dignity.” In everyday educational activities, an important role is played by the “talent of patient love”, the position of the educator towards the child, respect for him, knowledge of his needs. A healthy family environment and the right relationship between children and carers are necessary conditions for moral education.
Herzen passionately sought the dissemination of education and knowledge among the people, urged scientists to withdraw science from the walls of classrooms, to make its achievements public domain. Emphasizing the enormous upbringing and educational significance of the natural sciences, Herzen at the same time stood for a system of comprehensive general education. He wanted the students of the secondary school, along with natural science and mathematics, to study literature (including the literature of ancient peoples), foreign languages, history, noted that “without reading, there is and cannot be neither taste, nor style, nor a multilateral breadth of understanding. Thanks to reading, a person survives centuries. Books influence the deeper realms of the human psyche. ” [fifteen]Herzen emphasized in every way that education should promote students to develop independent thinking, educators should, based on the innate tendencies of children to communicate, develop social aspirations and inclinations in them, which are facilitated by communication with peers, collective children’s games, and common activities. Herzen fought against the suppression of children’s will, but at the same time attached great importance to discipline, considered the establishment of discipline a necessary condition for proper education. “Without discipline,” he said, “there is neither calm confidence, nor obedience, nor a way to protect health and prevent danger.”
Herzen wrote two special works in which he explained to the younger generation natural phenomena: “The experience of conversations with young people” and “Conversations with children”. These works are wonderful examples of a talented, popular presentation of complex philosophical problems. The author simply and vividly explains to children from a materialistic point of view the origin of the Universe. He convincingly proves the important role of science in the fight against wrong views, prejudices and superstitions, and refutes the idealistic fabrication that the soul also exists in a person apart from his body.
In the Moscow house, where Herzen lived from 1843 to 1847, the A.I. Herzen House-Museum has been operating since 1976.
Many libraries in Russia are named after Herzen. Also in the cities of the former USSR, the toponym Herzen Street was distributed. In addition, the Government of the Kirov Region established the A. Herzen Prize (see. Awards of the Kirov Region).
In St. Petersburg, the Russian State Pedagogical University bears the name of A. I. Herzen.
The museum is located in a one-story wooden mansion with a mezzanine, erected in 1820 and acquired by General Sergei Tuchkov immediately after its construction. Alexander Herzen received the land from his father Ivan Yakovlev, who bought the mansion in 1839. Herzen lived in the mansion from 1843 to 1847 and wrote the novels The Forty-Thief and Doctor Krupov, the novel Who is to Blame? “,” Letters on the study of nature “. Visiting him were Vasily Botkin, Vissarion Belinsky, Nikolai Nekrasov, Ivan Turgenev,Mikhail Schepkin . In 1892, the building was rebuilt and lost decorative elements in the Empire style.
In 2008-2012, a major restoration was carried out in the mansion: the walls were re-trimmed, the supporting structures were replaced and the interiors were restored. The opening of the museum after the repair was timed to coincide with the celebration of the 200th anniversary of the birth of Herzen. At the new exhibition “Things that were a shrine for us”, documents and household items were handed over to the museum by the writer’s relatives . In 2016, it became known about the theft of funds allocated by the Ministry of Culture for the restoration of the museum .
In 1934, a temporary literary exhibition dedicated to the life of the writer opened in the Herzen mansion. It presented photographs and portraits of the family, as well as lifetime editions of works. The museum was founded in 1968 by order of the Executive Committee of the Moscow Soviet as a branch of the State Literary Museum. The opening of the permanent exhibition took place in 1976 at the initiative of the great-grandchildren of the writer – Natalia Herzen and Leonard Rista. From 1972 to 1982, they transported more than three hundred exhibits to the museum: autographed books by Herzen, rare manuscripts, household items, and personal items.
Since 1987, the museum has been actively cooperating with the family, foreign colleagues and friends of the writer. At the beginning of 2018, the collected materials and rarities related to Herzen’s life accounted for most of the memorial exposition.
The museum includes a manor, a courtyard and an annex, in which there are two conference rooms for exhibition projects. After restoration in the annex, a multimedia exhibition was opened dedicated to the life of Herzen in exile.
The funds contain more than five hundred exhibits: photographs, letters, family portraits, lifetime editions of books, items belonging to the writer’s family.
The museum exposition consists of two parts: in the building of the mansion there is a permanent exhibition “Herzen in Russia “, in the annex – the multimedia hall “Herzen in the West”. The main building of the museum has completely restored the living environment of the house. The children’s glove of the son who died in a shipwreck, the dying image of the wife of Natalia Herzen, a portrait of Alexander Herzen by the artist Witbert in 1836, drawings of the daughter of Natalia Alexandrovna are stored here. On the wall hangs the family tree of the Herzenich family, donated by the great-grandson of the writer Michael Herzen. The exhibits also include: a children’s glass of the writer with the inscription “Shushka” – the children’s nickname of the writer, the first literary composition published in 1836, objects of the first wife of Natalia, a portrait of Herzen with his son Alexander, candelabra, the painting “Apotheosis of the Polar Star ” and The bells. In the bookcases exhibited literature of the XVIII century, including the works of Montesquieu, Rousseau, Montaigne.
The annex contains documents and materials from the life of Herzen in Paris. Here is a fragment of the interior of the bookstore of the publisher Nikolai Trybner in London, in the store of which the writer’s works were sold. Immediately there is a bust of Herzen by Philip Grass of 1858-1859 .
On December 14, 2012, in memory of the Decembrist uprising, a permanent exhibition was opened, ““ I served for the benefit of Russia in word and deed… “Life and fate of Alexander Herzen”. To visualize the information, the museum installed sensory kiosks and sound installations. New halls include the Student Room of the 1830s, the Trybner Bench, and the Foreign City.
The museum carries out active scientific and exhibition activities. Herzen’s house provides guided tours for schoolchildren, lectures on history and literature, as well as musical evenings and scientific conferences. In April 2016, the exhibition “Herzen-Museum-Herzen. Forty years later ”, dedicated to the 40th anniversary of the opening. The event was attended by researchers of the institution and relatives of the writer.
In January 2017, an exhibition of the book collection of Tatyana and Sergey Barkhin opened, at which unique children’s publications and works of the Gemini family publishing house were presented.
In addition, museum managers arrange weekly excursions along the neighboring streets, in which other branches of the State Literary Museum are located. | <urn:uuid:4918fb2a-4334-42c0-b9be-06cc0939b481> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.hisour.com/house-museum-of-a-i-herzen-moscow-russia-50397/ | 2024-04-24T09:36:56Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296819089.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20240424080812-20240424110812-00000.warc.gz | en | 0.95893 | 3,975 | 4,323 |
Purchasing the perfect table tennis table can be a daunting task especially for those who are not professional table tennis players, it requires thorough market research. Set on a mission to identify the best table tennis table, we carried out comprehensive research on various tables currently available on the market and ended up agreeing that the JOOLA Nova Outdoor Table Tennis is our top pick. It is a high quality table that takes minimal time to set up and the ball bounce is great on the table. Joola Nova Outdoor table is what we unreservedly refer to as “value for money.” The table combines the quality and resilience of an outdoor table with most competitive pricing.
Top Pick: Joola Nova Outdoor Table Tennis Table
Joola Nova is an easy to assemble table, has wonderful security features and gives a consistent bounce. The table is durable and made to with stand the elements of weather. Joola Nova is the table that will give you the features and performance of a top table at a fair price. A versatile table that can be used at home, recreational Centre’s and schools. We highly recommend the table and have no second thoughts choosing it as our best table tennis table.
Stiga Instaplay Table Tennis Table is definitely our step up pick. It has a ¾ top that conveniently support both inside and outside use. It is a table of good quality that can replace our top pick for those willing to pay more for a table with instaplay features. Many reviewers praise the table for the zero assembly convenience it brings about. We were also impressed by its security features, ease of transport and storage. With Stiga instaplay, you get a very sturdy table with an excellent bounce.
JOOLA Inside Table Tennis Table is affordable for a high quality, durable table that gives a quality bounce. This is the table for everyone. You find it in homes, recreational Centre’s, and at schools. Many top table tennis players claim to have honed their skills on this table. We highly recommend this table for everyone who wants to own a great table tennis table without necessarily spending much.
What you should know before buying
The choice of the ideal table tennis table greatly varies from one person to another. There are a variety of tables in the market made to different specifications. You have tables for indoor as well as outdoors. If you don’t have enough space, you can go for conversion tops. If you have small kids, mini top table tennis tables are suitable for they are not high. You also have adjustable height table tennis tables which allow you to adjust the legs and thus the size of the table. Swimming pool table tennis tables can be used in pools. We advise those intended on buying table tennis tables to take the following factors into consideration.
The intended user of the table
Who will be using the table is a question that will guide you directly to the kind of table to purchase in the circumstances. If it is intended for a beginner or the intention is to use the table for fun, professional table is undesirable. What you most probably require is a basic home or high-end home table. High –end home tables will also do for schools and recreational centers, but they have to be more robust to support the frequency of usage. Otherwise, professional players will require a competition table that is ITTF (International Table Tennis Federation) Approved or USATT (USA Table Tennis) Approved.
Indoors or outdoors use?
Outdoor tables are mainly built with weather resistant material such as Aluminum to prevent moisture and warpage. Outdoor tables will have wheels for ease of transport and also are foldable into two to necessitate storage.
Stationary or movable
If you will be moving your table, it is advisable to buy a roll-able table with larger wheels. But if you’re table will be set in a particular area, we recommend a stationary table.
Thickness of the table surface
The thickness of the table’s surface determines the use of the table. Competition tables are usually 1″ whereas indoor tables are between ½” and 1″ thick. Outdoor tables are generally of made of an aluminum material; thus, they are thinner but necessary for outdoor weather conditions.
The strength of the unit should be a consideration. The frame and the legs will determine the robustness and stability of the table. Also to look out is the thickness of the frame and the number of connections. The more the joint points, the more the stability of the table.
What is a Table Tennis Table?
A Table Tennis Table is a hard table divided by a net whereby a set of players either two or four hit a lightweight ball back and forth across it using a paddle. Table tennis is a sport also referred to as ping pong. The table comes in different varieties, sizes, and thickness. There are outdoor tables and indoor tables. Outdoor tables are usually made of Aluminum so as to prevent them from being affected by moisture and warpage.
How we picked
Picking the right table tennis table is not an easy task. The search has to be wide enough to capture a variety of tables ranging from simple tables for beginners to professional tables for serious competition. There is a list of manufacturers who are known to manufacture high-quality tables. We submit that one way of getting a quality table is to identify a manufacturer who has the necessary experience and who has consistently produced tables of renowned quality to the market.
The physical appearance of the table is important. Everyone looks for something appealing, trendy and fashionable, a table that will easily compliment his décor be it at home or in a recreational Centre. We also gave emphasis on durability. We looked at the kind of the material, the frame, the size and number of legs.
Another area we gave emphasis was the size of the table and the thickness of the top surface. We have to mention that different thickness usually give a different bounce. A table of ¾” thickness is known to give a good bounce whereas a table made of Aluminum is thinner and gives a metallic bounce. The price is of great importance. Expensive tables are not necessary the best. You can get reasonably priced tables that are of high quality. The overriding principle should be to look for a table that satisfies your needs.
Top Pick: JOOLA Nova Outdoor Table Tennis Table
JOOLA Nova Outdoor Table Tennis Table is a fantastic blue 6mm Aluminum Plastic Composite with multi-layer paint process Table Tennis Table. Its dimensions 9ft x 5ft and assembled weight of 121lbs. The table comes with a metal undercarriage that is powder coated and rust resistant. The table has four wheels on either side that are robust and offer stability and necessitate its movement. The wheel area as we found out was almost double those of its competitors.
The table is easy to assemble as it comes with all hinges pre-assembled. You just need to attach legs, and you are ready to go. The table is in two different pieces which have an advantage of allowing configuration of playback mode. We like the fact that each of the table halves is firm and bolstered by rust resistant, powder – coated 2-inch metal undercarriage. To set up single play feature, you just leave one side folded. We noticed the table had excellent security features such as locking casters and an anti-tilting device. Also, the two halves are fastened when folded down for play.
The table is secure, versatile, and highly durable with the potential to withstand the elements of weather. The table can easily be moved around but is very firm when fully set-up. JOOLA Nova Outdoor can be moved inside during cold seasons and outside during warm times. The table’s composite aluminum makes it give a consistent bounce.
Most reviewers out there attest to the fact that the table is lightweight and easier to move around. It took us only 30 seconds to take the net out. We were so impressed by the fact that one adult can conveniently assemble the table. We successfully set up the table in less than 20 minutes.
Joola Nova is one of the most affordable table tennis tables available on the market. It is a perfect table for an intermediate player. It is best suited for recreational centers and home recreational players. The price factor coupled with many great features we’ve discussed above makes it a bestseller. It is an ideal table for one to hone his or her ping pong skills. We recommend this table as our top pick considering the price and its convenience.
Flaws But Not Deal Breakers
The JOOLA Nova outside Table Tennis Table is a great table going by the reviews out there of customers who have bought and used it. However, some users complain that the two table halves are not level and that you can notice a deep from one table to another. We can’t refute the claims of other reviewers. On our part, we found the surface to be even regarding bounce. Again, we submit that the level is a minor problem for recreational players but, could be an issue with professional players. That said, we firmly believe that the many benefits of the Joola Nova outside Table Tennis Table outweigh that minor shortcoming.
Step Up Pick: STIGA Instaplay Table Tennis Table
The tables playing dimension is 5″W x 9″ D X 30″ H, Regulation size. It has playback dimensions of 60″ W X 66″ D X 64″ H : 60″ W X 28″ D X 64″ H.
It is a brilliant ¾” black top with Silk Screen wood table that is designed for both outdoor and indoor use. It is high quality and very sturdy. The table comes with Instaplay features thus no assembly is required. This feature has endeared it to many people because it spares them from the tedious, time-consuming assembling that is associated with other units. It is fully assembled and ready, all you have to do is to attach the net and the posts. It has corner pads that provide adequate protection and minimize accidental injury. The table has 2″ legs and 3″ mag bearing wheels with locks that allow the table to roll over hence easier to transport. 2″ steel aprons make the table stable. It can withstand rigorous use and is durable. Though it’s an outside table and can withstand weather elements, it is advisable to cover it for longevity. Store the table conveniently by folding it and rolling it away.
Some customers have complained that the table weighs up to 263 pounds unpacked and can be a task moving it to the desired position. A pocket of reviewers claims that they experience sagging in the middle after continuous rough play while others report of warping in areas of high humidity.
The alleged shortcomings associated with this table are minor compared to the many features and advantages. We recommend the Stiga Instaplay Table Tennis Table for those who are willing to spend more for a table with instaplay functions that require zero assemblies, easier to move and that gives an excellent bounce.
Budget Pick: JOOLA Inside Table Tennis Table
JOOLA Inside is another fantastic popular tennis table from Joola North America. It is an embodiment of excellence and versatility. It has 15mm top made from a high-quality wood composite material with two halves each supported by powder metal coated undercarriage. It is painted blue in color with bright white striping. The double anti-tilting device guarantees safety. It comes with a wide net and two posts to secure the net on the two sides of the table.
The table sits in place by aid of the two casters made with sturdy ball bearings that are locking. The table folds enabling easy roll away for storage. We were amazed by the fact that the two halves have a dual set of legs thus they can be separated and used against a wall.
Many reviewers online were in high praise of the table. Many liked the fact that it was affordable. Others were impressed with the quality of the bounce while others commended it for its durability.
We submit that this is the table that is most competitively priced for its capabilities. It can support from beginners to high-skilled ones. It is equally convenient for the young and the old. Very ideal for families. We recommend the Joola Inside Table Tennis Table for those with a small budget, but none the less would want to own a quality table.
Best Table Tennis Table for Sports People: Butterfly Centre Fold 25
Butterfly Centre Fold 25 Table Tennis Table
The ideal table for sports people. It is a made in German table that is backed by a three-year warranty. The Manufacturer Butterfly is the official Table Sponsor and Supplier of 2012, 2014 and 2016 world Table Tennis Championships. Butterfly Centre has the approval of the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTFC). Its legs are placed 400mm inward so as to comply with the ITTFC requirements for wheelchair competition. The feet’s adjustability aid in leveling the table.
We cared to review other tables that equally compete with our selected picks just in case our main picks aren’t available or for some reason you need more information on a wide range of similar products before making your buy choice.
Rally TL300 Table Tennis Table
Rally TL300 Table Tennis Table
Rally TL300 Table Tennis Table with corner ball holding and magnetic scores is a recreational table with 15mm charcoal painted MDF surface and 30mmx30mm powder – coated undercarriage. It is mainly a recreational table tennis table with four Joola patented corner ball holders with each holding up to three 40mm balls. The table folds up into two for play back mode. It is fitted with two anti – tilting devices and has locking wheels for easy transport and safety.
Rally TL300 Table Tennis Table is a heavy-duty blue 7/8” patented, weather proof ALD – TEC top with climate – control technology. The top is attractively ultra – top, anti – reflective and certified real bounce. To prevent from accidental opening and closing, it uses DSL (Dual Lock Safety) Mechanism.
This is the perfect table for those who are eager to hone their table tennis skills at home, school or recreational Center’s. Rally TL300 Table Tennis Table comes with two magnetic abacus score keepers. The table is designed in the US and manufactured by Joola who are the proud sponsor of the US National Team.
We recommend this table to families, schools and to all those out there who are yearning to become champions.
Kettler Top Star XL Outdoor Table Tennis Table
Kettler Top Star XL Outdoor Table Tennis Table
This is a Kettler Top Star XL Outdoor Waterproof table tennis table made of Aluminum. Kettler Aluminum table tennis tops are famed for setting the standards in the development of weather resistant outdoor tables. It has proprietor ALU – TEC climate – control underside that is responsible for controlling expansion and contraction due to weather change. The unit has a safety- fold with dual lock safety to guard against unintended opening or closing of the table. It has real playback feature to enable solo play or warm up. The table is protected by 1.5- in Aluminum Apron to resist warping.
The majority of clients were in praise of the table though some complained that it took two people up to 3 hours to assemble.
The price is justifiable given the kind of harsh weather it can withstand. Customer reviews suggest that the table can withstand the harshest of weather conditions. Some users claim to have had it outside in the 110-degree heat for over six months with rain and wind. We recommend this table for those who are in need of a high – end table that can withstand extreme weather conditions.
Joola Tour 1500 Indoor Table Tennis Table
Joola Tour 1500 XL Indoor Table Tennis Table
Joola Tour 1500 Indoor Table Tennis Table features 5/8” inch MDF Blue Painted Table surface for improved playability and performance. The packaging is great; there is plenty of protective material to protect the table edges. The table’s two halves allow for easy mobility and storage. It comes with net and posts of tournament grade and has leg levers that create an even playing surface.
Most reviewers attest to the fact that the machine is very sturdy and easy to assemble. Everything comes pre-assembled so that you only attach the casters /T- brackets. The surface feels good and has a quality finish. On our part, we liked the option for backboard position for solo play. The table is of good quality, moderately priced and gives a consistent bounce. In case our main picks aren’t available, Joola Tour can be a good replacer.
Hathaway Bounce Back Table Tennis Table
Hathaway Bounce Back Table Tennis Table
Versatile table ideal for those with both big and small space. It has a playing surface of 9ft L x 5ft W X 15mm thick MDF Blue PVC laminate coating. This table has features only found in high – end tables. It folds into playback and storage positions. Hathaway bounce back has durable 2-inch wheels with safety locks for ease of transport and storage. It supports playback position for individual play. The table has 1.25 in powder coated steel tube legs that are larger than others on the market. It has corners pads that protect it from warping.
We submit that it is a good quality table for low budget. On the flip side, many reviewers out there complain that assembly instructions are vague and poorly illustrated.
STIGA Triumph Table Tennis Table
STIGA Triumph Table Tennis Table
Stiga Triumph is superbly easy to assemble. It takes roughly 20 minutes from box to play. It is a 5/8” Thick Tournament Blue Table Top that gives a quality bounce. It has 2″ self – opening steel legs endowed with 3″ wheels, two steel Apron with corner protectors. The package includes 66″ net and a set of posts. Stiga Triumph supports play back position and can easily be folded and rolled away.
It is an incredible consistent table. On the other hand, many clients who have purchased the unit complaint about the table not being good for solo play. We also established gap of about 5 to 6 inch between the net and the back surface when the side of the table is folded. This flaw allows the ball to drop to the floor instead of bouncing back when the ball is hit close to the net. Save for this shortcoming, Stiga Triumph Table Tennis Table can hold its own on quality and durability.
Harvil Insider Table Tennis Table
Harvin Insider Table Tennis Table
We felt it necessary to review this table. The table has excellent features. It is ideal for recreational centers, in schools and institutions. It is a recreational indoor table tennis table with dimensions 60 in W X 30 in H /Assembled weight of 180lbs. It has 5/8 – inch wood composite playing surface, 1.2 inch Diameter Automatic Steel Legs. The table has 1/5 inch Resin Apron with a powder-coated steel undercarriage and dual safety locking devices. The table comes with a durable net and posts. Above all, it is in two pieces such that it folds into play back and is stored easily.
Other Frequently Asked Questions
Is there a difference between outdoor and indoor tables?
Yes, indoor tables have a much better playing surface than outdoor tables. Outside tables are ideal for outdoor play.
Can I play with my indoor table outside?
It is possible but remember, it is not made with specifications to withstand outside weather elements. Warping may occur.
What type of undercarriage do you need?
There are different variations available. Some tables come in two separate halves with their legs underneath of the top and the wheels are incorporated into the Centre edge of the table. They can be made from table or wood. Rollways/wheelways have their undercarriage, wheels and table all integrated into one neat unit.
What type of table top color surface is best?
A good table top surface provides a good contrast between the walls, the floor and the background colors of the playing areas. A matt blue color is the most preferred color. The floor being red, it readily compliments it.
What type and thickness of table top do you need?
The thickness and type of table top greatly affects playing characteristics. The type will depend on your need. An outdoor table will probably be light and made of aluminum while an inside top will be thick. A competition table top is usually 1” whereas an inside table is between ½” and 1”.
What is the importance of a table tennis cover?
A good table tennis cover will help protect against harmful elements of weather.
How do I know whether a table is ITTF Certified?
Certified tables have the ITTF on each side of the table. The logo is usually 25sq cm and not more than 50sq cm and is located on the table top or on the under carriage.
Wrapping it up
Table tennis is a popular sport across the globe. This popularity has brought about a steady growth in demand for high-quality tables that can withstand harsh weather, are easy to fold, move around and store.
The best table tennis table need not necessarily be expensive. What matters most is to find a table that satisfies your needs.
In our research, we investigated many tables on the market. Out of the research, we concluded that most manufacturers have ensured that the tables they sell are of high quality so as to compete successfully.
We recommend without hesitation the JOOLA Nova Outdoor Table Tennis as our top pick. It is a fairly priced table with the potential to compete successfully with highly priced units. Our step up pick was the Stiga Instaplay Table Tennis Table. Stiga is for those who won’t mind coughing some more dollars on an equally excellent table that requires zero assembly. Become a champion with our budget pick the famous Joola Inside tennis table. We also gave a list of other tables that are of high quality so that you can make an informed choice. | <urn:uuid:e2e856b8-9b92-46fa-8322-7fa089a23dd2> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.jenreviews.com/best-table-tennis-table/ | 2024-04-24T09:18:37Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296819089.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20240424080812-20240424110812-00000.warc.gz | en | 0.940035 | 4,529 | 5,115 |
Here’s a complete low-carb meal option at Whataburger for someone following a keto diet, along with its nutrition facts:
Editor’s Low-Carb Whataburger Meal: Grilled Chicken Melt with Side Salad
Why This Meal:
- Balanced nutrition with protein, healthy fats, and low net carbs.
- The entire meal contains only 8g of net carbs, suitable for keto.
- Vegetables in the salad add variety and nutrients to your meal.
Main Course: Grilled Chicken Melt
Nutrition Facts (Approximate):
- Calories: 350
- Fat: 23g
- Protein: 30g
- Carbohydrates: 5g (Net Carbs: 4g)
- Fiber: 1g
Side: Garden Side Salad (without dressing)
Nutrition Facts (Approximate):
- Calories: 25
- Fat: 0g
- Protein: 2g
- Carbohydrates: 5g (Net Carbs: 4g)
- Fiber: 1g
Total Nutrition for the Complete Meal (Approximate):
- Calories: 375
- Fat: 23g
- Protein: 32g
- Carbohydrates: 10g (Net Carbs: 8g)
- Fiber: 2g
Please note: Nutrition facts can vary slightly based on portion sizes and specific ingredients. Always check with the restaurant or their official nutritional information for the most accurate details. Additionally, if you choose to add dressing to your salad, be mindful of its carb content. Opt for a keto-friendly dressing to keep your net carb intake in check.
- Unlocking the Keto Diet and Its Advantages
- Whataburger's Commitment to Catering to Different Dietary Needs
- Exploring the Whataburger Keto-Friendly Menu
- 1. Sausage Egg and Cheese Sandwich
- 2. Sausage, Egg, and Cheese Taquito
- 3. Scrambled Eggs and Bacon
- 4. Whataburger Patty Melt
- 5. Double Meat Whataburger with Double Cheese, Bacon, and Jalapenos
- 6. Grilled Chicken Melt plus side of lettuce
- 7. Garden Salad with Whatachik'n
- 8. Toppings, Dressings, Sides, and Drinks
- Four Essential Tips for Ordering Low Carb at Whataburger On Keto
- What Foods to Avoid at Whataburger For Keto Diet
- Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
When it comes to fast-food joints in the United States, Whataburger stands out as a top choice for a quick bite. Even though it operates in only 10 states, the burgers they serve are highly popular and incredibly delicious.
However, a common issue, whether you’re on a low-carb diet or not, is that like many fast food places, Whataburger uses ingredients that are high in carbohydrates.
The question then arises, what’s the solution?
The answer is simple: omit the high-carb ingredients.
But this might be easier said than done. Without knowledge of the ingredients, efficiently removing carbs can be quite challenging.
That’s where our comprehensive guide steps in.
We’ve compiled several tips to help you navigate Whataburger’s menu efficiently, even while following a keto diet. However, keep in mind that you can’t glean all the information you need from the introduction alone.
So, let’s dive right in!
Unlocking the Keto Diet and Its Advantages
The ketogenic diet, or keto for short, is a low-carb, high-fat eating plan that has gained popularity due to its potential to aid weight loss, improve mental clarity, and enhance energy levels. By drastically reducing carbohydrate intake and replacing it with fats, the body enters a state called ketosis, where it burns fat for fuel.
Whataburger’s Commitment to Catering to Different Dietary Needs
Whataburger, a beloved fast-food chain, sets itself apart by offering a diverse array of menu options. Recognizing the growing demand for keto-friendly choices, Whataburger has introduced customizable items that align perfectly with low-carb lifestyles.
Discovering Low-Carb Gems at Whataburger
Fortunately, you can customize almost anything on the menu to make it low-carb or keto-compliant. As a result, there are indeed low-carb meal options at Whataburger.
Leading the pack is the Avocado Bacon Burger, minus the bun and ketchup. This meal boasts 37g of protein, 52g of fat, and fewer than 5g of carbs. Plus, it’s incredibly flavorful – just remember to eliminate the bun and sauce. (9)
Ordering a keto-friendly meal at Whataburger is a breeze; you just need to omit the high-carb components.
For breakfast, simply skip the bread, bun, and sauce from the regular breakfast items to create keto-compliant meals.
Since you can customize virtually anything on the menu to become low carb or keto compliant, there are indeed low carb meals at Whataburger.
What are The Healthiest Low-Carb Options at Whataburger?
What does “healthy” mean to you? For those following a low-carb or keto diet, the breakfast menu becomes a treasure trove of nutritious options. Take the Sausage, Egg, Cheese, and Sandwich, for example. It provides satisfying calories without derailing your daily intake.
But what sets it apart?
Its caloric content is well-balanced, and it includes veggies for a nourishing meal.
For individuals adhering to a low-carb or keto diet, the healthiest meals are often found on the breakfast menu. The Sausage, Egg, Cheese, and Sandwich offers a wholesome calorie count that won’t disrupt your daily goals.
And why is this significant?
It means you can indulge without worrying about exceeding your daily calorie limit. Another standout is the Double Meat Whataburger with Double Cheese, Bacon, and Jalapenos, which features a host of healthy ingredients.
Balancing Calories for Your Goals: A Pro Tip
While enjoying Whataburger’s keto offerings, remember that calorie balance remains essential for your overall success. Ensuring harmony between your calorie intake and expenditure is crucial for optimal results.
Exploring the Whataburger Keto-Friendly Menu
By using the substitution method, there are quite a number of low carb or keto compliant meals you can get at Whataburger.
Some of these meals are;
1. Sausage Egg and Cheese Sandwich
Ordinarily, this meal contains a lot of carbs, but when you remove the bread,(10) all that remains is zero carbs.
The reason why we love this particular meal is that it is very tasty. It is also beautiful and easy to eat.
Without the bread, all that remains is sausage party, egg, and cheese on top of one another. Make sure you ask for no milk in your egg.(*)
With the little amount of carbs in this meal, it is completely keto compliant. The greatest thing about this rich keto meal is that it is cheap.
2. Sausage, Egg, and Cheese Taquito
In Spanish, taquito means taco(*) So, you’re basically getting everything inside a taco without the tortilla itself. This meal is simple and straight to the point. It is also keto compliant.
When you ask for sausage, egg, and cheese taquito with no taco. The taco is removed. This means the remaining scrambled egg, sausage, and cheese are mixed together.
You have to be careful about when it comes to this meal because it can be a bit messy and unfilling. Apart from that though, it’s around 3 carbs per serving.
3. Scrambled Eggs and Bacon
This is a more traditional breakfast meal.(13) The original food on the menu comes with hash browns. You can ask for that to be removed because it contains a lot of carbs.
Even though this is not the best meal on the list, it still tastes good, and the egg is fluffy. To be on the safe side, you can request for no milk in your egg.
4. Whataburger Patty Melt
Originally, this meal comes with two beef patties, creamy pepper sauce, two slices of cheese, grilled onions and two buns. It also contains a lot of carbs which will instantly kick you out of ketosis or disrupt your low carb diet.
Pro Tip: Tracking Macros for Keto Success – To make the most of your Whataburger keto adventure, keep an eye on your macronutrient intake. Balancing your fats, proteins, and carbs is key to staying in ketosis.
To make it more compliant, order for the Whataburger without buns and the creamy sauce. This instantly leaves you with the beef patties, the cheese, and grilled onions.
This particular combination has no carbs, but you can order with the creamy pepper sauce if you’re feeling adventurous. This instantly makes it spicier and tastier. It also adds just 2g of carbs to your meal.
5. Double Meat Whataburger with Double Cheese, Bacon, and Jalapenos
This is an upgrade from the Whataburger Patty Melt. It contains virtually every healthy ingredient in a burger and a couple of unhealthy ones.
To make it perfect for you on a low carb diet, your duty is to remove the unhealthy ones.
By now, you should know that this means you have to remove the buns, and perhaps the creamy sauce. You should also ask for no mustard.
In the case of the Double Meat Whataburger with Double Cheese, Bacon, and Jalapenos, what this leaves you with is everything in the name.
6. Grilled Chicken Melt plus side of lettuce
Just like most meals on this list, the Grilled Chicken Melt plus side of lettuce also started out as a burger.
With the buns, it’s very detrimental to your low carb or keto diet. However, without the buns, you’re left with grilled chicken breast, onions, red pepper, and Monterey Jack cheese.
Without overstating the obvious, the meal is very tasty.
The best thing about it?
It has only 3g of carbs. This means you get to stay in ketosis and eat something amazing at once. It’s a great deal.
7. Garden Salad with Whatachik’n
This particular meal is for a moderately low-carb diet. This means it is not suitable for keto diet at all. However, you can get away with it on a low-carb diet.
As the name implies, this meal contains the garden salad and the Whatachik’n. (14) If you’re not feeling as daring, you can ask for the chicken to be grilled instead.
8. Toppings, Dressings, Sides, and Drinks
As a burger joint, Whataburger has various toppings you can choose from to make your food tastier.
Before we get into the ones that are great for keto and low carb, we want to say, the ketchup is a total miss. It has carbs, and you don’t need that complication in your meal.
The ones that are keto compliant are pickles, green chillies, avocado, cheese, lettuce, bacon, and jalapeños.
When it comes to dressings, your enemies are anything with “sweet” in their names. They are most likely sugary. Sugar equals carbs, and carbs means you get kicked out of ketosis.
Also avoid low fat or diet items. On a keto diet, they don’t really mean low carbs.
Nevertheless, there are three great dressings you can try at Whataburger. They are;
- Jalapeño ranch dressing with just an insignificant worth of carbs, 1g.
- Creamy pepper dressing with just 2g worth of carbs, and
- Ranch dressing for more daring people with 5g worth of carbs.
If there’s anything you should do to sides in Whataburger, it’s “throwing them in the trash”.
The carbs content are so high, and they’ll single-handedly take you out of ketosis. However, if you’re on a low-carb diet, you can go for apple slices and nothing else.
There’s a limit to what you can drink in Whataburger on a keto diet.
Many of the drinks served at fast-food restaurants contain a lot of sugar. That means they have a lot of cups. However, there are the usual ones for people on keto diet.
By this we mean, diet soda, water and coffee. Make sure you take the coffee – black and unsweetened – as that will add to its carbs content.
Four Essential Tips for Ordering Low Carb at Whataburger On Keto
If you’re on a low-carb or keto diet, the best option is to ensure that you don’t find yourself at a fast-food restaurant at all. But if the situation can’t be helped, then you can find low carb meals at Whataburger.
Of course, it may not be easy to see anything keto compliant at the restaurant. However, with a few rules, you can always stay on the right side of ketosis.
1. Order a Burger
Burgers are one of Whataburger’s specialties. So, if you’re going to get any chance at a low-carb meal, the best chance would be to start with it. Just make sure you get rid of the bun and sauce first. (3)
The restaurant serves different kinds of burgers. You can figure out what makes them different from one another by checking out the menu on their website.
In addition to the burgers, there are keto-compliant toppings you can add when you’re ordering. Some of them are avocado, (4) cheese, and bacon.
That’s not all!
Whataburger makes use of other traditional burger options like lettuce, mustard, pickles, tomatoes, and diced onions in their burgers. (5)
Some of them come with pepper sauce, but avoiding that should be no trouble. Just ask for it to be taken out before you order.
Now, the mustard should be passable enough, but since you can’t tell the brand they’re using, it’ll be best to hold that too.
What does this mean for you?
It means that we advise that you hold the bun, the sauce, and the mustard when it comes to burgers.
2. Pair With a Side Salad
Since many people focus on removing carbs and getting in all the fat on a ketogenic diet, eating vegetables is always almost an afterthought. (6) You can remedy this at Whataburger.
The restaurant may serve many things that are high in carbs, but the side vegetables are very healthy. We also think they are great for balancing your nutrients
In our experience, out of all their salads, the best one for keto and low carb is the garden salad. This meal contains great vegetables such as carrots, romaine lettuce, and tomatoes.
To make it completely keto-compliant, hold the dressing as they may contain sugar.
Another good salad is the apple and cranberry chicken salad. However, the apple and cranberry will not be helping your special diet at all, so skip them.
Pro tip: General Strategies for Ordering Keto-Friendly Meals – Ask for lettuce wraps, explore the ingredients in detail, and don’t hesitate to customize your order. Most establishments, including Whataburger, are accommodating and will cater to your dietary needs.
3. Beware of Breading and Milk
If there’s anything you should watch out for at Whataburger, it is breading. Many of the chicken sandwiches at the restaurant tend to come with breading.
What does this mean for you?
It means that you may mistakenly order one if you’re not paying attention, and that’s really bad for your low carb or keto diet.
What do you do then?
The answer is simple! Make sure you ask for grilled chicken in your chicken sandwich. If that is impossible, just stay away completely.
Another thing about Whataburger we stumbled across is that they put milk in their eggs to make it appear fluffy. This milk can be sweetened and will definitely add to your carbs limit. To prevent this, specially request for no milk when you’re ordering for a sandwich.
4. Embrace the Breakfast Menu
Even though Whataburger serves a lot of easily customizable meals, many of them are part of the breakfast menu.
Breakfast at Whataburger is from 11 pm to 11 am. This means you should time your order to sometime in between.
Think about it: You can easily follow the tips we’ve mentioned so far with them. For example, with the burgers, you can leave out the bun, sauce and mustard. For the sandwich, you can leave out the bread.
When you’re not sure about how to customize your meal at Whataburger, we advise that you check the nutritional guide. (8)
What Foods to Avoid at Whataburger For Keto Diet
Now that we have mentioned the meals you can get at Whataburger, we also have to mention the specific ingredients and meals you should avoid.
The truth is, no matter how easy the meals at Whataburger are to customize, it is still a fast-food joint. The restaurant uses sugar and other high carbs ingredients in its food, and in these particular ones, there’s no getting around it.
The first on the list is the chorizo taquito. It contains non-fat milk which in turn contains sugar. It also contains hydrogenated soybean oil and white corn flour which is just way too much carbs for anyone to eat at once.
But that’s not all!
The pancakes are also a solid no. They are made with flour and sugar. While they are definitely tasty, these two ingredients will kick you out of ketosis and deplete your carbs limit in no time.
The last is a meal that sounds harmless enough. We’re talking about the Honey BBQ Chicken strip sandwich. If it sounds harmless enough with the BBQ chicken, the bread of the sandwich makes eating it a bad idea.
We are finally here!
It is time to round up the article, and we hope you’ve gained a bit from it.
The takeaway is simple.
“You can eat at a fast-food restaurant like Whataburger if you have the right knowledge.”
Now, you can confidently go with friends to the fast-food joint without feeling left out.
But that’s not all!
We’ll like you to make the nutritional guide your friend. You may want to customize a meal that’s not on this list. The guide will give you an idea of the nutrients it contains. (15)
We hope you have a great time at Whataburger!
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
- Keto Taco Bell
- Chick-fil-a Keto
- Keto Burger King
- Mcdonald’s Keto | <urn:uuid:37c6b788-92f4-47e8-a1ba-df59e3e3dd6d> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.ketoaholics.com/low-carb-at-whataburger/ | 2024-04-24T10:05:19Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296819089.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20240424080812-20240424110812-00000.warc.gz | en | 0.921097 | 4,156 | 4,808 |
Google Analytics segments are where you’ll find the golden insights you’re after. After all, as Avinash Kaushik once said...
It’s not that your higher level reports can’t provide you with some value. It’s certainly interesting seeing broader directions in which you company is heading.
But for true valuable analysis, you’ll want to dig in a little deeper and see how specific cohorts of users and visitors are interacting with your site.
This guide will cover Google Analytics segments in-depth, from the basic all the way to the advanced. We’ll also outline how you can integrate different tools and use Google Analytics segments to improve your marketing efforts.
- Google Analytics Segments: What Are They?
- Setting up Google Analytics Segments: The Basics
- Useful Google Analytics Segments to Explore
- Advanced Google Analytics Segments: Conditional
- Advanced Google Analytics Segments: Sequential
- Google Analytics Segments for Audience Targeting
- Google Analytics Segments Mistakes & Guidelines
- Wrap Up On Google Analytics Segments
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Google Analytics Segments: What Are They?
First off, let’s start with the basics. What’s a segment in Google Analytics?
Basically, a Google Analytics segment is a subset of your data based on parameters or criteria that you set. If you’re not using segments, you’re defaulting to look at your entire set of users. A segment, however, could narrow down on specific subsets such as those who visit from a particular country or device, or those who have visited specific pages on your site.
You can find segments in any of your reports on Google Analytics at the top of the page, where it says “+Add Segment.”
Google Analytics segments are important,because not all of your visitors are the same and they don’t all act the same. Segments allow you to parse out the differences and view how they behave differently.
For example, you can analyze the behavioral differences between bounce and non-bounced sessions, and see what the difference was in terms of page load time, demographics, or whatever else you may want to analyze.
They also lets you isolate variables to find bugs and problems. For example, you may find that one browser or device completely tanks on an A/B test, and you can analyze why that may be. Perhaps, you didn’t QA your test well and there was a bug on that browser.
You can also view trends in your data with segments, the same way that you could with aggregate data. If you saw a sharp drop in aggregate traffic to your blog, you’d be concerned. The same thing can be found within a particular segment.
For example, maybe you find that your conversions are down for the month, and you wonder why. After digging a bit, you find that it’s really just conversions from Canadian visitors that are way down. Why is that? You know now what the problem is, and you can start to analyze the reasons for it occuring.
Finally, you can use Google Analytics segments to refine your targeting with audience targeting and remarketing.
For example, you can create a segment of users who have added an item to your cart, but didn’t end up converting. You can then set up remarketing on AdWords to target these people with a specific message (as long as you’ve integrated AdWords and Google Analytics). You can target basically any iteration of user behavior and dimensions, including but not limited to:
- Users that visited certain pages (or in a certain order)
- Users who fit a certain demographic profile (age, sex, location, etc.)
- Users who visited via a particular source and/or medium and/or campaign
- Users who visited a certain number of pages
- Users who stayed on the site for X amount of time
- Users who triggered X event
...and pretty much any combination of the above and more. That’s how you can remarket to users who have abandoned their cart, and send them ads with creative like this:
“Using segments in GA is pretty much a must have -- it’s by far the easiest and most effective way to remarket without extremely sophisticated tools most of us don’t have access to. At the very least, you should have segments for each level of intent -- ranging from ‘viewed blog’ (low intent) to ‘reached the credit card step’ (high intent). You can then set higher bids on Google Display Network or Search based on how high the intent is.”
More on remarketing use cases later.
Google Analytics also sets some limits on the amount of segments you can set up, both at the user and view level. Here’s how they explain their boundaries in their documentation:
- 1000 per user for segments that can be applied/edited in any view (Segment availability: I can apply/edit Segment in any view).
- 100 per user per view for segments that can be applied/edited only by that user in that view (Segment availability: I can apply/edit Segment in this view).
- 100 per view for segments in that can be applied/edited by all users in that view (Segment availability: Collaborators and I can apply/edit Segment in this view).
It’s pretty tough to reach these limits when you’re just starting out--but still, keep them in mind and be judicious with how you chop up your data and what you’re hoping to find.
Setting up Google Analytics Segments: The Basics
There are a two broad classes of Google Analytics segments to be aware of:
System segments are those that Google supplies to you out-of-the-box. They include things like “mobile traffic,” “direct traffic,” and “non-bounce sessions.”
While these can be useful, and they’re easy to bring up right away, you’ll quickly find that you want to set up your own segments. That’s where custom segments come in. To create one of those, you simply click on the bright red “+ New Segment” button on the upper left side.
Once you’re there, you have tons of options to choose from.
Note that once you create a segment, you also have the option to share it. This comes in handy when you’re working across teams, and what to share specific insights with those who’d like to dive into GA and check it out for themselves. It’s also useful for client work, if you want to explain which segments are worth tracking over time.
All you do is click “Share segments,” and click whichever one you’d like to share:
After that, you have two options. You can share it privately as a URL or you can share it to the solutions gallery, which is public. Most often, you’ll likely be sharing it privately to others:
Note that this shares the segment, not the actual report (and traffic numbers) of your Google Analytics account. It just shares the parameters you used to create the segment, so others can do it with their data.
Now that we have the basics down and an understanding of what segments are, let’s go over some simple segments we can create right away.
Useful Google Analytics Segments to Explore
Like I mentioned, Google Analytics includes both custom and system segments. To learn how they work out, let’s try out a system segment to get a feel for a basic report you can run. We’re going to look into the difference in page load speed between bounce sessions and non-bounce sessions (a good route to explore if you want to convince people you need to speed up your site).
To start out, navigate over to the Behavior > Site Speed > Overview report. You’ll see your aggregate metrics:
Next, click “+Add Segment” or just click into the “All Users” tab on the top part of the screen (doing so allows you to replace that audience). You’ll get a screen like this with a variety of segment options:
Here, you simply need to click into the segments you’d like to analyze. On the left side, there are a few options including System, Custom, Shared, Started, and Selected. Click “System” and find “Bounced Sessions” and “Non-Bounce Sessions.” Check both of them (and uncheck “All Users”).
Once you’ve done that, click apply, and you’ll be able to review your site speed report (but now using Bounce and Non-Bounce Sessions as segments to compare). You can clearly see how much pagespeed correlates with bounce rate on this site (and every site, of course):
Note that you can explore any reports using these segments. For example, using the same two segments, we can look into their differences in terms of demographics (Audience > Demographics > Overview):
If you’re just exploring segments, it can be cool to just flip through different reports using different segments, just to get used to and explore the possibilities. With System Segments, it’s super easy, too. They’re already created for you. Go ahead and analyze some different segments (e.g. converters vs. non-converters, desktop vs. mobile traffic, etc.).
You can also build your own segments. In reality, most analysis you’ll do will be with custom built segments, not the system ones (that’s not to say the system ones don’t have value).
To build your own segments is quite simple. You go to the View Segments tab on any report (same as last time), though instead of clicking “System,” “Custom,” or anything on the left hand sidebar, you click the red button that says “+New Segment.”
One you’re there, you have a variety of options (including advanced segments, which we’ll cover in a minute). You can set up segments based on demographics, technology, behavior, date of first session, and enhanced ecommerce.
Let’s pretend you launched a big ad campaign using the following UTM tag: site.com?utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=bigadcampaign.
You can analyze the traffic from said campaign by creating a segment with the following parameters:
Another example is analyzing the behavior of your highest value customers. Let’s say you get out an Excel spreadsheet, chop up some data, build out a histogram, and realize there’s a small subset of users that purchase far and away more than the rest of your users. What’s up with these outliers?
You run the numbers and find out anyone who purchases above $300 per order can be considered an outlier here. Now, you want to explore how they behave differently onsite. So you can set this segment up very easily:
Easy enough, right?
Again, play around with different segmenting possibilities before moving onto advanced segment. Though, that’s where the good stuff comes in, so let’s move onto advanced segments now.
Advanced Google Analytics Segments: Conditional
What are advanced segments? Essentially, they’re custom segments you build from scratch with the addition of AND/OR rules to create conditional and sequential segments.
What’s the mean, exactly? Functionally, it means you can get more specific on who exactly you’re segmenting. Technically, it means you can view users who have done this AND that, or this OR that, and you can even view segments based on the order they completed steps.
That sounds a bit abstract, so let’s walk through some examples, starting with conditional segments.
Conditional segments are advanced segments that include conditional logic, but do not include restrictions on the order in which those things occured. For example, you can set up a conditional sequence for users who have visited two site pages (e.g. site.com/blog and site.com/checkout), but it does not matter in which order you viewed those pages.
Now, this part of the segmentation world is where things get more complex, because they’re literally endless options for how you set them up. So, to be strategic, here’s something even more important. Otherwise, you can lose yourself in data exploration without purpose. Best practice is to start with a business question and explore data for an answer to that question. Let’s walk through a few questions doing just that.
Question: I noticed that visitors from our campaign who are more engaged (spend more time on page) spend more money with us. I wonder what’s different about their behavior?
This one is easy to set up.
We want to explore the difference between two sets of users, both from the same campaign. The only difference is, we noticed that users who spend more than 5 minutes on page spend much more money than those who spend under 5 minutes. These aren’t profound insights by any means (you’d expect interested users to spend more time on page, right?), but they’re the beginning questions to what could prove to be fruitful user behavior data.
So, we’ll start by creating a conditional segment that includes 1) the campaign name, 2) an AND rule, and 3) a rule that includes users who spend > 5 minutes on page. This is what it will look like:
Then, we just inverse that segment, yet keep the same campaign. So, just change the time on page to < 5:
Then, you can view different reports using those segments as the lens. Here’s an audience overview report by those segments:
That example may seem a bit arbitrary, so let’s use an example that would be important for content marketing analytics.
Inquiry: I wonder how many non-users vs. users are looking at a particular page.
This one requires a bit of a setup, either through user ID tracking or at least via a particular page that only logged in users would see (the second option is much sloppier, though even the first isn’t 100% accurate do to cookie deletion).
But if you have your marketing website and software application on the same Google Analytics view, you can isolate who’s a user vs. a non-user.
As Mark Lindquist, Marketing Strategist at Mailshake, puts it:
“Most of the clients I’ve worked with don’t have their public-facing website and application separated, meaning all their traffic is tracked together.
This can really gum up your analytics, because your overall traffic/pageviews, conversion rates, etc. are being affected by your customers, I use segments to remove traffic that hits the ‘application’ page, so I can just focus on analytics around non-customers.”
As I mentioned, how you do this depends on your site setup and technical capabilities, but the way I’ve always done it is through user ID tracking. You can find a great guide on that here.
Inquiry: I wonder if there are any demographic or behavioral differences between those who finish our top trafficked blog post and those who reach less than 50% of the length of it.
This is a great question, because we can isolate the variable of content length (because we’re only analyzing one article), and we can see if there are indeed concrete differences between the most engaged users (who reach 100% completion) and those who didn’t make it halfway through the article (<50%).
Maybe their on-site behavior is different, maybe those from one source are more engaged than another, etc. All of this can inform your content approach.
This assumes you have scroll depth tracking set up. It’s also highly dependent on what you call your event actions and labels, etc. (here’s a good guide to read on event tracking).
Basically we need to isolate the page variable, which is easy enough to do. Second, we need to include event action labels of 25 and 50 (meaning the percentages). For simplicity, we’re going to ignore those who didn’t trigger an event at all due to bouncing right away or otherwise. The segment will look like this:
Now we’ll create a segment of only those who have completed the entire article in question. For this, we only need to change the second rule, that of the event action. We just need to change it to be “100”:
Now we can compare the difference in acquisition sources for these two segments (Acquisition > All Traffic > Channels):
Okay, so let’s move onto one more example, this one combining a few parameters.
Question: we have this high converting landing page, but it’s got multiple CTAs. Which one is more effective at driving paid conversions?
For this one, I reached out to Christopher Nolan, Conversion Optimization and Growth Manager at BigCommerce. Here’s how he explained it:
“GA's default reporting is useful for understanding where users come and go, and how long they engage with your site--but it's relatively ineffective at filling the gaps within the user's session.
For example: If it's a page with multiple CTAs, which CTA are users interacting with?
For those questions, segments are incredibly useful. The segment below has helped me to understand which CTA ("Learn More" vs. "Start a Free Trial") is more effective on one of our paid landing pages:
This example also helps illustrate how you can combine events, landing pages, device, etc. to understand behavior without needing to reconcile data from the events, landing pages, and device type reports.”
Advanced Google Analytics Segments: Sequential
The other feature of advanced segments is even cooler (in my opinion)--because in addition to the conditional logic you can use to cut up segments, you can also run conditional logic in chronological order.
This means you can view a user from X country who did these three action in sequential order. Now, the options are truly endless on how you can slice up your data.
Again, things get out of control with this level of complexity and chaos, so always start with business questions. Here are a few interesting problems we can explore and walk-through.
Inquiry: I wonder what’s going on with people who filled out the first part of our quote lead form, but didn’t finish.
For this example, I reached out to Christopher Nolan, Conversion Optimization and Growth Manager at BigCommerce. Here’s how he explains it:
“An easy example of how segments - particularly the "sequences" feature - have helped with our site optimization is their utility in dissecting the efficacy of a site's navigation and information architecture.
I sought to understand whether our navigation is meeting the users needs. In doing so, my primary question was two-fold:
a) Are users navigating in the way we'd expect them to given the layout?
b) Are their parts of the site that are not easily findable that are converting well, and how can we surface those pages more effectively?
To answer this, I looked at users who landed on our homepage and immediately navigated to one of our top level navigation pages. In the example below, I was trying to understand how many users navigate to our features page and then click to start a trial.
I also looked at users who continued navigating from features, to see if there were certain pages hidden in that section of the site that were not easily findable in our navigation but converted at a high rate.”
Inquiry: I want to see how people who land on our homepage convert vs. the aggregate conversion rate.
Easy set up here. We just need to set up a sequence where the first step is the landing page of our homepage and that’s followed by a conversion. It doesn’t need to be directly afterwards, but it needs to occur in the same session. It would look something like this:
Google Analytics Segments for Audience Targeting
Besides using segments for analysis and greater clarity on your users and their behavioral and demographic makeup, you can also use Google Analytics segments to improve your marketing, specifically in the case of PPC ads.
In fact, when you integrate AdWords and Analytics, it’s incredibly simple to transport GA segments over to AdWords for paid targeting, either using display remarketing or RSLA.
This can be incredibly helpful, especially when you start building out advanced segments. That’s when you can get into some pretty sophisticated abandoned cart retargeting, buyer’s journey specific targeting, and even non-commercial use cases like targeting people for recruiting and other purposes.
Basically, instead of just running ads based on rule-based targeting parameters, you can begin to engage website visitors that have exhibited different behaviors or characteristics. Here’s an example matrix Google put together to show how you could possibly approach remarketing audiences:
You can set these audience up straight from your AdWords account (great and clear instructions on how to do that here).
But I prefer to create the audiences from Google Analytics and send them over to AdWords. To do that, first make sure you’ve integrated your systems (KlientBoost article on that here). When that’s done, go over to your Admin section and find audiences (right in the middle):
Then, you’ll come to a screen with a nice obvious red button that says “New Audience.” Click that.
After that, you’ll get the following options. Choose whichever audience source you’d like (from whichever Google Analytics view you’re working from primarily), and then check out the audience definitions. There are a few more out-of-the-box options, like users who have visited a specific section of the site and those who have completed a transaction.
You can choose those if you want to stay within those bounds--but for fun, let’s click the “Create New” button. You’ll come to a familiar view:
It’s just a Google Analytics segment builder, complete with all the options we’ve already covered. Here, I’ve created a random conditional segment, but you can choose pretty much any options that strike your imagination (or better yet, your business imperatives). When you’re done, click “Apply” and you’ll be brought back out to your options page:
Once everything looks good, you just need to tell Google Analytics where to send this audience. For our use case, we’re sending it over to AdWords (again, to reiterate, you need to have linked your accounts).
Now you’re good to go. You can then jump over to AdWords and use that audience for targeting.
Google Analytics Segments Mistakes & Guidelines
Another use case for segments is to go deeper in your A/B testing analysis.
Often times, an insignificant test can hold value when you analyze the segments and realize one segment was massively positively affected while another negatively affected segment balanced it out. This is valuable information, especially when you start to think about personalization.
While I don’t want to discourage you from looking into your segments after an A/B test, you should still adhere to statistical best practices.
By that, I mean that you still need to hold the same assumptions true for your segments that you did while setting up your experiment -- sample size, effect size, etc. -- in the first place still fit in when analyzing segments.
Specifically, the more you cut up your data, the more you run into the multiple comparisons problem.
Here’s how Dr. Julia Engelmann, Head of Data Analytics at Konversionkraft, puts it:
“The probability of error increases exponentially the more segments you compare to one another. Consequently, you should avoid going randomly through all the segments you can think of. They should always remain interpretable, exploitable, relevant to your test concept.
Additionally, you should take care that the segments are adequately large enough.
If, for example, only those visitors are included who access a category page with their tablet, go to a product page, are female and purchase on weekends, this will lead to seeing only a fraction of the visitors. Therefore, always be careful that the test size is also sufficient in the segments.”
Lots more technical information about the multiple comparisons problem in this article. Long story short, be careful shouting “winner!’ by going back and looking into segments, especially if they weren’t planned ahead of time and they’re small samples.
Jakub Linowski, founder of GoodUI.org, put forth a solid solution in a CXL article: reproduce the test on said segment. Here’s how he explains it:
“If the test was designed with a segment in mind, the setup usually has enough statistical power to allow a decision. If on the other hand, some signal is detected by slicing and dicing random segments, it becomes important to ensure that enough power exists (by extending the test duration or re-testing).”
If you don’t know beforehand that you’ll be breaking up your results into segments, launch follow-up tests for specific, well-performing segments until you get a proper sample size to figure.”
Another more general principle to keep in mind is to be detail-oriented when you’re setting up your parameters for Google Analytics segments. Small changes in whether you’re defining things by sessions or users matter a lot sometimes.
Here’s how Johannes Mehlem, Sr. Web Analyst at HubSpot, explains it:
“Be aware of the difference in count of Sessions vs. Users. "Sessions" means it really only filters for behavior that occurred during a given visit, while "Users" takes the lifetime of a user's cookie as basis.
In practice, a Sessions-based count is more of interest to really understand granular behavioral patterns, while a Users-based count is usually more telling for broader analysis and research and how people behave over time and several visits.”
The same rule applies when you’re thinking about how to set up sequences. There are a few parameters you need to consider and nail down to get accurate segment. Here’s Johannes explaining:
“Also important is whether stages of a sequence can happen at anytime during a session ("Any user interaction") or does the first stage of the sequence also need to be the first action during a session ("First user interaction")?
A sequence requiring its first stage to be the "first user interaction" can potentially be a cleaner indication of the user's intent as you are cleaning for general "flow-through traffic.”
Another similar point when building sequential segments: you need to set the “tightness” of the sequence (i.e. whether or not a step is immediately followed by another). Here’s what that means (according to Johannes):
“Immediately followed by it is the next hit, which is usually an event or a pageview and commonly most relevant when building a sequence for a session.
Be aware here that 'is followed by...' can mean that there are many other things happening in-between two stages.
The more restrictive filtering, which lends itself to marketing funnels is to select 'immediately followed by...'.
All of these considerations above are really important as the results they yield can be very different.”
Wrap Up On Google Analytics Segments
If you stick to looking at data in aggregate, you’ll miss out on most of the interesting and valuable insights that Google Analytics segments have to offer.
Even worse, your paid advertising will be left to what is basically a spray and pray methodology; Google Analytics segments allow you to target ads based on on-site behavior, creating an ultimately better experience for everyone.
It’s pretty easy to get started with segments. Google Analytics provides many basic examples right out of the box.
And as you age in data maturity, you’ll find that you’re approaching most of your analysis using some form of segmentation. It’s simply a result of aggregate data’s limited use case in revealing any deep insights. The gold really is in the segments. | <urn:uuid:e19d7419-306e-4a37-a730-76c3b66c37f2> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.klientboost.com/analytics/google-analytics-segments/ | 2024-04-24T08:19:15Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296819089.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20240424080812-20240424110812-00000.warc.gz | en | 0.927836 | 6,073 | 6,248 |
It’s midnight and I’m convinced I’ll be dead of a brain tumor by first light.
How I even know about brain tumors is a mystery. I’m six years old and no one in my small world has ever had one. Still, I’m panicking, gulping at the air, trembling beneath the covers.My mother tries to hold me and talk me down, but I’m too far gone to be comforted. Finally, near tears herself, she phones an old family friend who happens to be a world-famous neurosurgeon. Fifteen minutes later he shows up at our house and puts me through the paces of basic neurology tests—close your eyes and touch the tip of your forefinger to the tip of your nose, walk heel to toe in a straight line across the room—then he promises me I don’t have a brain tumor. I believe him—for now.
The Brain Tumor Episode was not the first—or last—time I believed I was at risk of imminent death. Worries over nuclear war, fire, kidnapping, and tse-tse flies had all come before. In college, I found my way more than once to the emergency room, certain I was dying of an MI. (I was up on the lingo for myocardial infarction, aka heart attack, and many other conditions after spending countless hours watching doctor shows.) Inevitably, the ER doc would tell me I was having a panic attack and shoot me up with valium.
I can’t remember a time when I wasn’t prone to anxiety. I can’t remember a time when I haven’t wrestled with fear. In a sense, fear and anxiety have been my greatest teachers, moment by moment prompting me to come to grips with living in a body, living in the world.
So many of us are plagued by insecurity, dread, persistent stress, irrational fears. When this many people have anxiety, is it really a disorder?
The Latin root of anxiety is angere, to choke or strangle—just the sort of sensation felt during a panic attack. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, anxiety disorders affect about 40 million American adults aged 18 years and older—about 18% of the population. Women are 60% more likely than men to experience an anxiety disorder over their lifetime, and a large national survey of adolescents reported that about 8% of teens ages 13-18 have an anxiety disorder, with symptoms commonly emerging around age six (Hello!). And these are only the folks who get a formal diagnosis of anxiety in one of its recognized forms: generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-complusive disorder, social phobia and other phobias (snakes, airplanes, heights, you name it), panic disorder, and post-traumatic stress.
But what about everybody else? The worried well, the high functioners plagued by insecurity, dread, persistent stress, irrational fears? People without a formal diagnosis? People like me?
“When this many people have anxiety, is it really a disorder?” asks Phillippe Goldin, Ph.D., an assistant professor at UC Davis who also directs the Clinically Applied Affective Neuroscience Research Group at Stanford University. A major thrust of Goldin’s research is the effect of mindfulness on clinical anxiety. “No,” he says, answering his own question. “Anxiety is normal in many, many cases. From an evolutionary perspective, anxiety has been preserved in the human animal over millions of years. If everyone came in chilled out and calm, that would be the death of humans.”
What is changing radically, though, is how psychologists and neuroscientists view not just anxiety, but depression and other mood disorders as well. “The labels come from psychiatry, with the blessing of the pharmaceutical industry, but mounting evidence shows that the basic neural circuits are consistent across all these disorders,” Goldin explains. “The push now is to identify core psychobiological mechanisms that help us understand what cuts across human experience without using these labels. What core mechanisms turn anxiety and distorted self-views from on to off?”
Remarkably, negative emotional states and self-perceptions can be seen clearly in functional MRIs of the brain. What’s more, Goldin says, “The common understanding is that the prefrontal cortex down-regulates the amygdala [i.e., it’s less aroused]. Anxiety reduces. That’s oversimplistic. The data suggest that some people depend on the energy arousal of the amygdala for greater cognitive and emotional control, while in others the amygdala is overly aroused and needs to be quelled. What’s really needed is individual and context-dependent modulation of brain circuitry.”
The research sounds exciting. Still, I wonder, how might it help people whose brains aren’t being mapped by neuroscientists? How do we form those new neural pathways we hear so much about? How do we, in Goldin’s terms, become Jedi masters of up- and down-regulation of our amygdalae as needed?
Not surprisingly, he says there’s no one-size-fits-all solution. “The Holy Grail now is treatment matching. There are several potentially helpful components.” These include mindfulness meditation: either non-judgmental awareness of the present moment, or focused attention on an object, usually the breath. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) has shown great promise in regulating mood states. So has Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), in which clients learn how to identify and work directly with the thoughts that influence their emotions and behavior. Also in the toolbox are other forms of psychotherapy, medication, and aerobic exercise, as well as changes in diet and behavior.
“But we know that each of these interventions works for less than 50% of people studied,” says Goldin. “What will amplify the effectiveness of any one or combination of treatments is creating an individualized learning experience that gets adjusted over time.” Still, he cautions, “To maintain the gains, you have to keep practicing.” Even if you do two months of MBSR, there will be longer term benefits if you stick with it. But for that to happen, you need the ongoing reinforcement of a teacher and a community.”
True confession: Although I’m powerfully drawn to mindfulness practice—and have done many retreats over the past 30 years—I’ve often had trouble meditating. Times when I’ve been too anxious, too restless, my thoughts too rambunctious, my body too wired to sit quietly and follow my breath. This is my dirty little secret.
Sometimes it suffices simply to pause and take deep breaths, expanding the inbreath and slowing the outbreath—a technique that helps during 2 a.m. flopsweats.
I take comfort in knowing I’m not a total outlier. “Everyone has to custom design their own pathway of soothing the nervous system,” says Tara Brach, Ph.D., a clinical psychologist and founding teacher of the Insight Meditation Community of Washington, DC. “There’s a reason it’s called a nervous system.” For people who have difficulty staying put on a cushion, Brach recommends alternating short periods of sitting meditation with mindful movement—combining stretching or yoga and walking. Sometimes, it suffices simply to pause and take five deep breaths, expanding the inbreath and slowing the outbreath—a technique that helps me during 2 a.m. flopsweats.
Brach also urges practicing with others. “We frequently frame meditation practice as a solo thing, but what’s true in practice, as in life, is that we’re interdependent,” she says. “Often the best way to soothe our nervous system is with others. When we practice mindfulness in a group, we see that most people feel anxious to some degree. We see that anxiety is not just our personal pathology, it’s part of being human.”
When we observe our life moment to moment—as opposed to spinning around inside our thoughts like a hamster trapped in a wheel—we create a gap that allows us to notice what’s happening instead of completely identifying with it.
It’s for this reason—practicing with others—that I sign up for a daylong workshop: “Mindfulness and Anxiety” at Spirit Rock Meditation Center in Woodacre, CA. There are about 200 of us, from 20-somethings to 70-somethings, with most people falling somewhere in between. The crowd looks as ordinary as an audience at the local multiplex. Yet, when Lee Lipp, Ph.D., a psychotherapist and meditation teacher who is co-leading the workshop with David Zimmerman, a Zen priest, asks participants to describe in one word why they’ve come, the answers illuminate every nuance of anxiety: “Nervous. Fearful. Stressed. Disassociated. Overwhelmed. Unsettled. Unsafe. Agitated. Worried. Uneasy. Insecure. Unlovable…” The list goes on.
“Mostly we don’t tell each other or ourselves what’s happening, but in here we can say what our experience is really like,” says Lipp. The sense of relief that ripples through the room is palpable.
“Anxiety is not our fault, it’s the consequence of causes and conditions in our lives,” she explains. “How we relate to anxiety is what matters. It can lead to more suffering or become an opportunity to free ourselves from suffering. By familiarizing ourselves with the habit patterns of our minds and bodies, we interrupt our reactivity and over time it starts to lessen.” In other words, when we pause to observe the actual process of our life moment to moment, as opposed to spinning around inside our thoughts like a hamster trapped in a wheel, we create a tiny gap in our awareness that allows us to notice and name what’s happening instead of completely identifying with it. We see that our thoughts, emotions, and physical sensations come and go like bubbles in a pot of boiling water.
“This helps to calm our anxious, wild mind while increasing our capacity to be present with the truth of our life in just this moment, whatever that may be,” says Lipp. “Our body, with all its senses, tells us everything we need to know.” Many are feverishly taking notes when she asks us to please put away our notebooks. “I want you to experience what it feels like to pause, not write about it.”
Throughout the day, Lipp and Zimmerman lead us through guided meditations, and we break into small groups. Martha, a woman in my group, says she hopes the workshop will help her become more conscious—unlike her mother. “I think anxiety is in my wiring,” she adds. “There’s a raging battle between my primitive brain and my prefrontal cortex.” Leslie confides that whenever a strong emotion comes up, her knee-jerk reaction is to push it away. “This is not working for me,” she says. For each of us, I think, hearing each other’s stories helps break down the isolation we feel inside the cages of our own fear.
It’s no accident that Lipp is leading this workshop. About ten years ago she was asked by her meditation teacher to help others deal with depression. “I saw that lurking beneath depression is anxiety,” she tells me over lunch a few weeks before the workshop. In fact, she doesn’t like either label. “The words anxiety and depression aren’t helpful. They just give a name to transient mood states.” Mood states that Lipp became all too familiar with in childhood, given her absent father and a mother diagnosed as paranoid-schizophrenic. “There was no one to take care of me. I was worried all the time. But at a certain point it became counterproductive to tell my story over and over,” she says. “Mindfulness practice has helped me untangle my story and discern the thoughts that have perpetuated it. When we become really quiet and settled, even the story itself falls away.”
Value of therapy
There are times, though, when digging through the contents of our story may be necessary. Talk therapy or some form of body-centered therapy may help us to better understand the source of our anxiety, as well as help us tolerate it when it arises. The deeper I’ve gone in various forms of therapy, the greater my capacity to maintain awareness when storms and squalls rip through my mind and body.
“The problem is that mindfulness has been so inspirational and demonstrably helpful for so many people that there’s been a big push to replace psychotherapy with it,” says Mark Epstein, M.D., a New York City psychiatrist and author of several books on mediation and western psychology. “That’s a shame. Mindfulness can’t do what therapy does. There’s no one foolproof treatment for anxiety.” What’s more, he adds, “Anxiety is like the tip of an iceberg poking up out of the sea. It points toward something unacknowledged that needs to be understood.”
Our meditation seat can serve as a sort of base camp, a safe space to which we return, while also availing ourselves of other ways of coping with anxiety. In this regard, my friend Matthew is an inspiration. With a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and proneness to severe anxiety, Matthew benefits from just about every possible approach: medication, psychotherapy, daily aerobic exercise, a strong bond with a meditation teacher and regular practice. “I make the effort even if I’m wired and flooded with fear,” he says. “If the experience is a wild roller coaster ride, so be it.” At such times, he finds that simply following his breath helps. But at other times, he says, he’s able to let the part of him that’s afraid tell its story, which he tries to meet with curiosity. “Sometimes the content is as important as the process. When I’m able to name my fear and see it as just one aspect of myself, I get some space around it and it softens a bit. Then I try to converse with the fear, the way you’d speak to a child, and hear what it’s telling me.”
But for some people, such as those with obsessive-compulsive disorder and other forms of severe anxiety, meditation practice simply may not be possible, says Lobsang Rapgay, Ph.D., a psychologist who directs the clinical training program at the Mindful Awareness Research Center at UCLA (MARC). “We all have some level of anxiety, but crossing the border into a disorder is a whole different thing.” Nevertheless, he says, people who have difficulty meditating can benefit from process-oriented therapy, which encourages them to monitor their awareness of what’s taking place in their mind and body in the presence of a therapist. In his own practice, Rapgay explains, “I might say, ‘When you mention such-and-such, you speak fast and look tense. I wonder what that’s about? Next time we talk about this, try to be aware of what you’re experiencing in your muscles.”
“In people with generalized anxiety disorder, there’s an underlying misguided assumption that if only they can be 100% safe, they can let go of their anxiety. But that’s impossible,” he says.
“MBSR and CBT help promote a state of tranquility and offer a good starting point, but it’s also very important to help people deal with the overarching problem of uncertainty in life. Doing more focused practice that enhances insight is the way to get there. The affective state we want is one of resilient calm, so when your inner or outer world becomes filled with turmoil, you have an inner anchor.”
Hardwired or not?
Like Martha in my group at the Mindfulness and Anxiety retreat, I, too, have always sensed that anxiety is hardwired into me. So often it’s felt as if my whole nervous system is rigged to remain on high alert, as if at any moment the Cossacks will break down the door. This fear reflex feels cellular, genetic, ancestral—I come from a long line of nervous women. As it happens, my grandmother was stoned by Cossacks when she was six, the age at which my anxiety first bloomed.
Interestingly, the age at which someone starts to struggle with intense fear is often not random. Therapist Mark Wolynn, director of the Family Constellation Institute in northern California says there can be “a link between our issues and what happened in a previous generation.” Case in point, from Wolynn’s practice: Ben felt increasingly suicidal as his 40th birthday approached. He had a happy family life, a satisfying job, a strong meditation practice. But as the date of his birthday neared, his agitation became intolerable. It wasn’t until he learned the real story about the father he never knew, a man who was murdered at age 40, that Ben’s panic finally eased. “In therapy he was able to develop a positive inner image of his father and stopped being on a collision course to relive his death,” Wolynn says.
Far-fetched? Maybe not. Mounting evidence in epigenetics reveals how inherited information—in addition to DNA sequence—can affect gene expression. In several studies, mice have exhibited trauma residues without having experienced trauma. Moreover, one recent study of mice at Emory University found that traumatic memories could be passed down to at least two generations as a result of chemical changes in DNA. Researchers Kerry Ressler and Brian Dias suggest that a similar phenomenon may influence anxiety in humans.
The epigenetic research furthers what we already know from studies of twins and experiments related to temperament. According to Susan Smalley, Ph.D., a behavior geneticist and founder of MARC, many studies have shown a strong genetic component to our susceptibility to anxiety, especially generalized anxiety disorder and panic attacks, as well as ADHD. “Roughly 40-50% of people with these disorders are genetically predisposed,” Smalley says. She stresses, however, that just as there is no one surefire coping mechanism for anxiety, there is no single cause for it either.
Still, the notion that my lifelong anxiety is due, at least in part, to genes and family history is comforting. It’s not just me! There are reasons. There are always reasons. As Lee Lipp says: causes and conditions. And though my fear reflex has mercifully diminished over the years, it remains akin to a sleeping tiger that springs awake at the slightest hint of danger—often imagined danger.
This, too, seems to circle back to what we know about the brain.
Smalley talks about two networks by which the body encodes fear: The reactive low road, which is unconscious and linked to the hippocampus and amygdala, and the high road—the famous prefrontal cortex—which makes conscious connections and is more malleable. “With mindfulness practice and various cognitive processes,” she says, “you can make a big dent in the high road. The low road is more primitive, more resistant.”
Which accounts for my sleeping tiger. The Cossacks with their stones. The phantom brain tumor. My uninvited but faithful companions who demand to be seen and heard. “Oh, it’s you again,” I say now more often than not when they start banging at my door. “It’s only you.”
This, more than anything, gives me hope. | <urn:uuid:cfb9b52a-56d4-413c-83ce-6772af2d5052> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.mindful.org/high-anxiety-2/ | 2024-04-24T08:59:22Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296819089.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20240424080812-20240424110812-00000.warc.gz | en | 0.956987 | 4,259 | 4,628 |
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All of us love, and need, to retreat from the world occasionally. Spend a day in harmony with yourself and regenerate. We live in a world today where we receive more information in one day that people born 100 years ago got in a life time! How do we balance that? Switch off from your phone, the television, your computer, the radio, and chatter.
This day of quietude is a rest for all of the senses, where Noble Silence is observed for the duration of the retreat for recalibrating our over stimulated state. In this silence we cultivate higher levels of hearing, perception, and vision, and the energy of silence and mindfulness penetrates our flesh and bones, and deep calm prevails.
TThis retreat offers an array of nurturing events rolled into one amazing day, with sessions layered upon each other to restore clarity, calm, & consciousness. With a heightened experience of relaxation and awareness, complemented with aroma therapy, sessions are designed to bring you home to yourself and your innate loving existence.
Take home valuable experiences that assist managing stress in your daily life. A wonderful plethora of nurturing sessions to balance the body and mind, and heighten the experience of relaxation.
Without any yang style practices, and restorative in nature, this retreat day is suitable for everyone and recommended for all. (The only physical requirement is that you're able to get up and down off the floor). No experience is necessary. Just come along with your resolve for peace.
If you're presently going through a tough time in life, or you just need some time to 're-set' or cleanse your entire being with a 'stress-detox', this one day will make a profound impact.
For the deepest benefit from your one day silent stress-detox experience, please observe the following
ATTIRE - Wear loose fitting comfortable clothing with socks and removable warm over-garments.
NOBLE SILENCE - To ensure the deepest release of 'stress toxicity' complete silence is observed during the Retreat. No phones or smart watches.
BRING - A bottle of water and your own lunch. Herb tea will be offered. (Please note refrigeration is not available).
ATTENDANCE - Come prepared to dedicate the entire day to the silent journey. Make arrangements that will enable you to be available and attentive to the practice without outside disruption. (Racing off to get your grocery shopping done in the lunch break, or making phone calls throughout the retreat period will interfere with the sensitive energy cultivated during the day).
Please subscribe to the mailing list to be notified when the next date is set. Thank you.
"Exceptional! My second silent retreat with Lisa and she is a master! Truly an out of body day" S.D - CLEVELAND "Everything about the retreat was great! Thank you for sharing your knowledge on how to be present and grateful. This is a lost practice in western society and much needed!" ROB - WELLINGTON POINT "Meditation benefits me greatly. With regular practice I learn greater acceptance of my thoughts and feelings, learn to develop patience and not react in negative ways, and better accept all environments I am in rather than viewing situations and life as hostile. I enjoyed all of the different types of meditation practices this day provided. Lisa is a fantastic teacher.' DAN - THORNLANDS
"This retreat was excellent for someone who has an over-achiever personality - giving the tools to help them to cut back and not burn out. Silence amplified the practice and was a benefit to help wind down." ELIZABETH - CLEVELAND
"I was a bit sceptical about participating in this retreat as it was a bit out of my comfort zone. However, I thoroughly enjoyed it and there will be many practices I will take away and use! Thanks." - CLEVELAND
"Absolute bliss. So very insightful and refreshing. A great mixture of meditation, sound healing, breath practice and restorative yoga. Highly recommend! Thank you from the bottom of my heart" M.L - REDLAND BAY
"A true investment in self. Lisa holds such a sacred space, which fully supports reflection, relaxation and letting go. My only wish would be to be able to attend a silent retreat more often!" A.W - ORMISTON
"What a great day! I feel about 10 years younger, so relaxed and refreshed. Great for people with health issues who have restriction on activities." JEANNIE - CLEVELAND
"What an awesome treat to give myself before this rollercoaster of a year ends. To really receive the gift of stillness and 'letting go' at this time of year is better and more nourishing than even a week at the beach (and I love the beach!). Lisa is the perfect guide to lead us through amazing sessions of meditation and restoration that are totally about rejuvenation. Just what I needed and I never want to miss one of these retreats! Thanks Lisa" H.M - THORNLANDS
"The Stress Detox Retreat was absolutely amazing. Great organising and planning - the body wasn't too tired sitting or lying too long. The Sound Bath at the end was wonderful. I hope Lisa will organise it again. Many thanks from the bottom of my heart." SYLWIA - CLEVELAND
"Thank you immensely for such an inspiring, uplifting day. I enjoyed it thoroughly. Thank you for sharing your knowledge." KRISTINA - COOCHIEMUDLO ISLAND
"Everything was wonderful. Much more than what I expected! Thank you." SKYE - THORNESIDE
"A full and varied retreat. I really appreciate the care that went into it. I have been doing yoga and meditation for a long time, but I still learned something new. I thoroughly enjoyed the day and practices and will take them with me into the forthcoming demanding week I have ahead. Thank you!!!" KAYE - CLEVELAND
"A wonderful day of getting in touch with me. It was very relaxing, no pressure to perform, with a great atmosphere and vibe. Thank you." SHIRLEY - CLEVELAND
"Thank you Lisa for such a wonderful day of rest and relaxation. I feel nurtured in every sense of the word." CHARMAINE - CLEVELAND
"What an amazing day. I really enjoyed all the different aspects of the day - most of all the silence ..and not watching the time!" B.P - THORNLANDS
"Totally relaxing for the whole body. I felt lighter after the first session! Time just for me." KIM - VICTORIA POINT
"This retreat made me feel so relaxed and peaceful at the end of the day after feeling very stressed and anxious." - ORMISTON
"Loved it! And it was great to be able to start the day with the gentle yoga class prior to the retreat starting. The Sound Bath was really lovely, and I loved the restorative yoga session too. It was an overall great day where I got to reset since I've had a hectic few months. Thank you!" LEONIE - CLEVELAND
"Very relaxing and calming. A great recharge for the mind and body. Great presenter, very warm and engaging." JEANNIE - THORNLANDS
"Thank you for running the Detox Day. It was exactly what I needed. It helped me slow down and reconnect with myself. I feel amazing. Thank you." MARIA - THORNLANDS
"Thank you Lisa. A safe environment to truly see, feel and release. It wasn't forced or uncomfortable. It was gentle yet powerful. I highly recommend for anyone wishing to experience the opportunity to let go." A.W - ORMISTON
"I really enjoyed the day. Especially the noble silence. I feel really relaxed. Thank you!!" SUSAN - ALEXANDRA HILLS
"Lisa led this course beautifully and professionally" - ORMISTON
"Just lovely. So relaxing, I'll be back. Senses awakened and feeling peaceful." G.R - THORNLANDS
"What a very calming and comforting day. I enjoyed the silence and the shared experience with others doing mindful practice together. I feel more at peace with myself after this Stress-detox day." F. C - WELLINGTON POINT
"A wonderful day spent relaxing, learning, growing. Thanks Lisa, your sessions are always a delight" S.W - CLEVELAND
"Lisa took so much care and went to so much effort to really make this day a memorable experience. Thank you!" ISABEL - THORNLANDS
"A truly great day for healing and restoring the soul. I appreciated the guidance from Lisa throughout this restorative journey. I enjoyed all practices and thought all worthwhile. Many thanks for giving up your Sunday and sharing with us your great experience and knowledge". CLARE - THORNLANDS
"Absolutely wonderful. The sound bath was amazing. I felt into myself. Healing, humbling, heartfelt. Thank you so very much". LESLEY - VICTORIA POINT
"Excellent!!! ❤ Lisa thank you for bringing me back to my own senses in a busy world" BARB - THORNLANDS
"The retreat was amazing... as per the last one I attended! I'd love to attend a retreat in each season of the year. Thank you!" M.A. - THORNLANDS
"The day helped me with the stress I am going through in my life - giving me time to myself to truly think and question. I was apprehensive about being quiet all day even though a quiet person but I really enjoyed that aspect. . It was so lovely and peaceful." VIVIENNE - VICTORIA POINT
"Thank you for a beautiful day. It was so lovely to sit with so much spaciousness and turn inward. I'm feeling refreshed, energetically clear and recharged. Much love to you Lisa" GABRIELLE - WYNNUM
"I came today because I have been feeling very anxious. I hope I can take away the concept of time and learn to do things slower" LP - WELLINGTON POINT
"A peaceful and informative day. I will apply what I have learned to the rest of my life. I loved it and would do it again!" PAULETTE - VICTORIA POINT
"A lovely calming day. I feel very relaxed and chilled - ready to take this 'state' home and share it around. So refreshed. Thank you Lisa for sharing your passion" KAY R. - SHELDON
"Thank you for sharing this degustation menu of relaxing inward experiences. What a journey of the senses and silence" CAROLYN - MT COTTON
"I thoroughly enjoyed the entire retreat day. From the meditations, the silence, to the sound bath!! Please have more ❤ x" SANDY - WELLINGTON POINT
"It's always a special experience to visit The Lounge. Lisa is an amazing teacher with a beautiful soul. Such an overwhelmingly relaxing and focussing day. Thank you!" SIAN M - BIRKDALE
"I've had a serious health issue this year and this day made me realise I hadn't been paying attention to my body. My previous lifestyle and the medical treatment have resulted in a very stressed body. This retreat was very good in allowing me to just be in the present moment, and I especially loved the pranayama, intrinsic stress release and the sound bath. Thank you for this day" EM - THORNLANDS
"The day was perfect. Very beneficial. (I really enjoyed the intrinsic stress release practice). Your voice and all the practices were incredibly soothing and I highly recommend this day. Thank you!" HELEN M - THORNLANDS
"I loved this day! My ability to do nothing and think about me for a day needed to be encouraged right now. I thoroughly enjoyed the positiveness as well as the silence of the day" JG - THORNLANDS
"I wasn't sure what to expect from this retreat. I thought my mind would be all over the place, but it wasn't! I would almost say I feel proud of myself, but I think it was the practices, the words you used, and the sound of your voice. Time went by quicker than I thought! I learnt so much from today and I would really like to make meditation a much bigger part of my life. I learnt that I don't take minutes or even seconds in my life to turn inwards. I learnt how insecure I was with the energy clearing and would really love to learn more about that. This day was amazing - I loved every bit of it ❤❤" NICKI - CLEVELAD
"Today was amazing! I completely enjoyed the breathing exercises, trembling and mindfulness. Things I can practice at home. I will bring my husband next time and we can both benefit from some helpful practices to be mindful and switch off. Thank you for an amazing experience ❤" ZR - YATALA
"Yesterdays Silent Retreat with Lisa was amazing. Thank you Lisa for once again providing the best one day retreat ever. When is the next one?" HELEN - THORNLANDS
"I really enjoyed the time to reflect, the slow easy pace with good explanations, and the informal but professional delivery. Thank you" JACQUI - CAPALABA
"Lisa's gentle teaching, instruction and wisdom helped to see that peace only comes through self-awareness and self-love. Thank. You have provided me with techniques and knowledge that I can use in my life" LINDA - ORMISTON
"The range of techniques covered in this retreat was fantastic. I loved the use of restorative yoga poses throughout, and the cultivation of noble silence - both supported my mind and body to relax, allowing more room to delve into the techniques." PENELOPE - SAWTELL "Lisa gently guides you to accept and know yourself better. Many thanks for an enlightening day" L..Z - ORMISTON
"I just wanted to drop a note to let you know how much I appreciated the retreat yesterday. Everything was new to me and I hadn't done anything like that before, so I wasn't sure what to expect but I really enjoyed it and thought you did a wonderful job facilitating it for us. Thank you so much for putting the retreat on - it was just what I needed." NICOLE - ROCKVILLE
"A wonderful day. So many different experiences. Lisa's guidance throughout the day was calming, informative and soothing. Thank you!" VIRGINIA - REDLAND BAY
"What a wonderful, restorative day. The day went by much faster than I imagined it. Just love all of the workshops and events I've been to at the Lounge ❤" C.M - CLEVELAND
"I have never tried yoga before and decided to give this a go. I loved the day. I will certainly use some of my new found techniques and come back to learn more. Thank you Lisa so much." MICHELLE - REDLAND BAY
"Today's session offered a space to sit with silence, to focus and practice stillness and awareness - mindfulness. I would recommend it to everyone" -
"I loved every aspect of today's retreat. This was my first time and will come back for many more. Taking to isolate and get to know each body part, to reconnect and love myself was invaluable today. Lisa was kind, caring and attentive. She was the perfect teacher and professional. Thank you for a wonderful, life changing day." SANDY - CAPALABA
"Reconnecting with myself felt exhilarating. Thank you! I'm so relaxed now. What an experience!!" -
"Thank you so very much for this beautiful experience. The abundance of love, knowledge, compassion I felt throughout the day. Lisa is so gentle and graceful. Thank you for making me feel comfortable with myself. I feel relaxed and inspired" KATIE - ALEXANDRA HILLS
"Loved this day. Me time. Relaxing. And have learnt some techniques as well to take away with me. Thank you Lisa for an awesome day" C.C - THORNLANDS
"This day was wonderful. The noble silence was really good - I've never done it before - but it added to the experience. I found the day very restorative, and a good mix of sessions. Many thanks for a fantastic day. Will definitely do it again" J.H. - THORNLANDS
"A day of silence in a nice space is such a good idea. My life is full of noise - both external and internal - so it was a great time for me today. I didn't have to speak to anyone. I don't get a lot of quiet 'me' time, so this retreat was great for me so thank you. Blessings" CLAIRE - ORMISTON
"This was my second silent retreat and as before, it was wonderful, soothing and relaxing. Such a sacred, safe space. Thank you Lisa" MONICA - THORNLANDS
"A wonderful experience - Life changing at the perfect time in a perfect way. Thanks Lisa" MARILYN - CLEVELAND
"I have been so exhausted and so tired. Today's amazing experience was so much more powerful and supportive than I would have ever imagined. Thank you Lisa, you are indeed a beautiful gift to our 'time run' and troubled world. I will be taking away some of your wonderful trainings and insights. In love and much gratitude, Rose ❤" ROSEMARY - VICTORIA POINT
"A thoroughly enjoyable, peaceful day. My favourite part was the sound healing bath and feeling the vibration go through my body! " SYLVIA - CLEVELAND
"Excellent! This way my second retreat day and I'll certainly come again. There is forever something to learn, and it's so important to take the time out so that you can reface the world with new knowledge and experiences." CW - CARINDALE
"I arrived feeling very stressed and tired. The day was absolutely wonderful. It reminded my who I am and how to breathe again. I have an upcoming surgery this week and this lovely day has helped me to prepare myself by being in a better headspace. Thank you xxx" NICCI - CAPALABA
"I really enjoyed today! It gave me some useful tools to deal with stress and anxiety, but also probed insight into deeper questions such as 'Who am I?' I liked the depth and variety of practices through the day and am keep to come along next time. Thank you for creating such a peaceful and accepting space" JESSIE - THORNLANDS
"Thank you Lisa for this whole package of knowledge and wisdom shared with us throughout all of the practices throughout this day. A Gift!" ANNIE - THORNLANDS
"I came along to this retreat as I had some issues and worries that I needed to let go of. Lisa's words and thoughts made sense to me, enabling me to let go of the issues and really think about who I am and what matters to me. I loved the quiet time to retreat from the world in a very relaxing place. It was a beautiful day" JW - CLEVELAND
"I enjoyed today so much. Everything flowed in perfect order. The silence was easy and felt right for me. Thank you ❤ " RYMKE PELSMA - ALEXANDRA HILLS
"Thank you Lisa. I thoroughly enjoyed todays 'gift to myself', to be quiet and just spend time on and with me - something I almost never do. Keep on doing what you do. You are a gift to our planet. " ROZIE U. - VICTORIA POINT
"Lisa held space beautifully and allowed us to create space for ourselves. As the sessions began, life outside melted away. A well-paced event that allowed for calm, peace and reflection. Thanks Lisa!" TAM - BUDERIM
"Beautiful, amazing, transformative, releasing, grounding, balancing, centring, necessary. If you're ready or even if you're not, I highly recommend. Very safe. Thank you Lisa for sharing yourself with us" DANIELLE - COOROY | <urn:uuid:d2fe2ed6-1bdc-46b7-bc10-01fbce947bb5> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.selfcalm.com.au/retreat-day-purple.html | 2024-04-24T09:36:15Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296819089.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20240424080812-20240424110812-00000.warc.gz | en | 0.964901 | 4,234 | 4,786 |
Type the words “mid-century modern” or “Danish Modern” into the search bar on Facebook Marketplace, and you’re just as likely to see a fat floral sofa as you are a sleek credenza. A search for “MCM” on Craigslist in the New York City area returns listings for, among other things, a lamp whose base is composed of chrome-plated spheres; a set of two oak chairs with square backs; and a painting most likely made by someone at a class where they were drinking wine as they wielded their brush. We all know what actual mid-century modern furniture looks like: expanses of teak, tables resting on hairpin legs, brass hardware, and natural finishes, as well as wool upholstery in shades of olive, ocher, and orange. The items for sale online are not any of that, but the term proliferates anyway—MCM furniture is what people want to buy.
Books in review
The Chieftain and the Chair: The Rise of Danish Design in Postwar AmericaBuy this book
For some 15 years, mid-century modern has been a staple at vintage shops, at estate sales, and in the online stores that sell similarly styled pieces. The take-off of the trend is hard to pinpoint precisely, but it coincides with two disparate phenomena: the premiere of AMC’s Mad Men in July of 2007 and the Great Recession, which arguably started only five months later. While the latter spurred in Americans a nostalgia for the booming economy of the postwar era, the former showed them exactly what that era looked like. Every Sunday night, there it was: the clothes, the hairstyles, the accessories, and, crucially, the interiors—apartments on the Upper East Side, houses in Ossining, and brand-new offices in Midtown.
Soon, companies jumped on the mid-century bandwagon. Banana Republic launched a 1960s collection: slim-fitting suits with skinny ties and sheath dresses with white piping. So did Estée Lauder: lipsticks and nail polishes and powders in various saturations of rosy pink, all in gold packaging. The furniture giant West Elm looked to cash in too, producing dozens of MCM-inspired pieces. (A search for “mid-century” right now on the West Elm website yields some 400 results.) Most notoriously, in 2014, the Williams Sonoma–owned company started producing a splayed-legged, square-cushioned sofa called “the Peggy,” after Mad Men’s most popular female character. The Peggy, which retailed for around $1,200, was a veritable disaster of furniture design. After an essay by Anna Hezel in The Awl (titled “Why Does This One Couch From West Elm Suck So Much?”) went viral in early 2017, the company started offering full refunds to anyone who’d purchased it. But West Elm’s other MCM items continued to sell by the container load.
Maggie Taft’s new book, The Chieftain and the Chair: The Rise of Danish Design in Postwar America, ends where the above story begins. Her aim is to examine where those teak expanses and hairpin legs came from in the first place. Taft explores the history of Danish modern design through two pieces of furniture: Hans Wegner’s Round Chair, better known as simply “the Chair,” and Finn Juhl’s Chieftain reading chair. The former is a basic dining chair, designed as part of a set, whose defining element is a single, semicircular wooden form that serves as both back and armrests—hence the “Round” in its moniker. The latter is a cushioned chair upholstered in leather, with wide armrests and a high, regal back rising above its seat. Their differences—the Chair’s slight size and the Chieftain’s heftiness; the Chair’s huge popularity in America and the Chieftain’s relative lack thereof; Juhl’s architectural education and Wegner’s training in cabinetmaking—allow Taft to develop a succinct but multilayered history of Danish Modernism.
During and after the Second World War, Taft tells her readers, a pair of schools in Copenhagen—one training architects and the other cabinetmakers—formed the center of gravity for Danish design. Juhl had attended the demanding and prestigious Kongelige Danske Kunstakademi, Arkitektskole (Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, School of Architecture), graduating in 1934. Around that same year, Wegner moved to Copenhagen from his hometown of Tønder, where he had worked for three years as a journeyman in a cabinetmaking shop run by Hermann Friedrich Nicolaus Stahlberg. As people moved from the countryside to the cities (and thus from houses to apartments) during and after the war, a new generation of Danish designers focused on creating pieces of furniture that could fit easily into small spaces and were adapted to the realities of postwar urban life. By the early 1950s, designers and furniture makers in all of the Nordic countries—not just Denmark—had ventured forth in search of new markets. Pooling their resources, they first targeted consumers in the rest of Europe. Eventually they found in the United States a growing base of customers with deepening pockets who, thanks to government assistance, were purchasing larger homes that they needed to furnish.
In order to fill all those homes with Danish furniture, however, the makers and producers had to find ways to get people in the US to buy it. So they employed what Taft calls “tastemakers”—magazine editors, architects, and curators, among others—to help sell the style. Danish Modern furniture, according to the story these tastemakers told, was simple and long-lasting, humble yet refined. It was built for urban and urbane living, but it could also be purchased by the masses—thoughtful, tasteful, and perfect for those with small apartments. “Even the poorest Dane” could afford it, reported a Cincinnati Post article quoted by Taft. Yet none of that was close to the truth: From the outset, mid-century modern furniture was not for anyone but the well-off. The designs were delicate and often mannered, and the pieces were out of the financial reach of the vast majority of Danes—most of whom still outfitted their homes in the bulkier neoclassical styles—as well as most consumers elsewhere in Europe and the United States. But the idea that this furniture was long-lasting and already hugely popular took hold regardless, helping to boost its reputation among American tastemakers and consumers alike.
Despite the gap between marketing and reality, Wegner’s Chair eventually became so ubiquitous in the US that the demand far exceeded the capabilities of the workshop, owned by cabinetmaker Johannes Hansen, that produced it. As Taft explains:
When the Chicagoans called, they didn’t want just four chairs. They wanted four hundred. [But] Hansen couldn’t fill the order. Like most cabinetmakers, his operation was small. He had only five craftsmen in his workshop, too few to make so many chairs in any reasonable time frame. And then there was the matter of credit: Hansen would need a down payment to secure the materials and labor needed for so large an order, while Americans were accustomed to a forty-day grace period between placing an order and the first payment coming due.
A new program of mass production had to be introduced. Eventually, American manufacturers moved in to fill the production gap. The furniture manufacturer Baker hired Finn Juhl to design its Baker Modern line, and he made changes to his earlier classic designs (such as the Chieftain) to make them easier to manufacture on a large scale and to distinguish from their Danish counterparts. Instead of teak—widely used in Denmark because of that country’s colonial relationship with Thailand, where it grows natively—Baker chose American walnut. The Chieftain’s horned vertical back supports—originally produced by the cabinetmaker Niels Vodder with a step joint, a sophisticated move that allows two pieces of wood to meet at an acute angle—were elongated to maintain the overall shape while simplifying the joinery process. It was at this point that Danish Modern started to become all-American, leading to the eventual conflation of the terms “Danish Modern” and “mid-century modern.”
By the late 1950s, almost every American furniture company had a Danish line. “Advertised as ‘Copenhagen Danish Modern’ (Lane), ‘Danish-inspired’ and ‘Royal Dane’ (Bassett), and ‘truly Danish-Modern’ (Stakmore), these American furniture sets borrowed certain features common among Danish imports—for example, all were made of wood—and codified them, helping to create a popular sense of Danish design and what it looked like,” Taft writes. In this way, Danish Modern became a hallmark of the American century and American power.
At the first televised US presidential debate in 1960, John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon sat in Round Chairs. Danish Modern was presented as a symbol of the luxury, freedom, and stylishness afforded by the capitalist development with which America had become politically synonymous; it was now as American as democracy itself. This association, however questionable, became an important element of the furniture’s appeal—and of the marketing campaigns to sell it. Danish Modern was, in ad copy and in the words of the era’s tastemakers, furniture for all Americans. “It is a significant part of the Wegner story,” wrote House Beautiful editor Marion Gough (as quoted by Taft), “that people were ‘discovering’ this beauty even before the experts stamped it with their approval.” Wegner’s Chair belonged, at least in theory, to anyone and everyone.
Danish cabinetmakers, American manufacturers, and tastemakers like Doris Scherbak—an American whose husband was stationed in Paris to work on the Marshall Plan—popularized not just the specific pieces of Danish Modern furniture but the very idea of it. Curved lines, splayed legs, rich wood: These became emblematic of the idealized, placid mid-century American lifestyle made possible by the outrageous growth of capitalism. Since the high cost of producing those emblems kept them out of reach of a number of Americans, capitalist ingenuity saw an opportunity to satisfy its profit motive: Copies and knock-offs proliferated in the United States, where copyright rules were lax to the point of nonexistence. Even Scherbak, who had outfitted her apartment in Paris entirely with furniture and fabrics from the Danish store Den Permanente, bought a pair of knock-off chairs in Mexico and proudly wrote to Fischer that she was “happy to have” them, because they were “really good copies and were so very cheap.”
As these copies and knock-offs filled the market, design integrity and quality suffered. Take, for example, a collapsible chair designed by Wegner, with two notches on its underside for hanging when folded. Numerous manufacturers reproduced it as a fixed chair but retained the notches, turning them into a purely decorative element. Or consider the proliferation of curved chairbacks that emulated the Chair’s back and armrests. Designed to enable the joining of two rectangular blocks of wood, the Chair’s unique curve was a crucial part of its engineering, not an aesthetic decision but a structural one. The makers of the Chair’s many knock-offs kept the curve not because they were reproducing the Chair itself as a crafted, engineered object, but because they were reproducing the Chair as an idea, embodied by an image. If we subscribe to the adage that form follows function, then the reason that copycat designs looked the way they did is because the look made them salable.
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Inside the Gaza Solidarity Encampment at Columbia University Inside the Gaza Solidarity Encampment at Columbia University
I am tempted here to return not to Mad Men but to another piece of prestige television from an earlier era: Sex and the City. In the middle of the show’s run, when Carrie’s column is being optioned for a film in which Matthew McConaughey is apparently set to play Mr. Big, Carrie and the girls end up on a trip to Los Angeles. Once there, Samantha takes Carrie to a backyard in the Valley, where a man opens a trunk to reveal a mass of fake Fendis encased in thin, off-gassing, transparent plastic. Carrie purses her lips into a “no”—they’re very nice, but she doesn’t want them because they are fake. The originals conferred the appearance of something: status, good taste, and, above all, wealth. The fakes would communicate the same thing to everyone but their owners, who’d know they were a sham. That wasn’t good enough for Carrie.
Things have certainly changed. In the world of purses and bags, the market is saturated with fakes to such an extent that there are now prestige fakes more highly sought after than other run-of-the-mill fakes, and perhaps even more than the originals themselves. “Authenticity” is increasingly elusive at a time when replicas of the Chair far outnumber the originals. In the furniture world, the mainstream public is so removed from the fact that pieces are designed by specific people that, outside of specialist circles, there might as well be no such thing as an original.
Taft’s story culminates in a hall of mirrors: Once American manufacturers started producing their own Danish-style designs, Danish furniture makers started copying them. Danish originals gave way to American copies, which gave way to American originals, which gave way to Danish copies of the American originals, and so on and so forth. The furniture objects became a representation of the marketing and advertising slogans that the originals had inspired. And so we’re back to where we started. The 21st-century popularity of MCM-style furniture surely has to do with Mad Men’s aesthetic appeal and a recession-fueled nostalgia for the years of the postwar boom, but it might have even more to do with the very thorough and very successful decades-long marketing campaign for Danish Modern design. During a time of scarcity and strife—and yet another war—rich wood tones, hairpin legs, and wool upholstery could serve as a respite without veering into ostentation. The narrative had been long established, and the evidence for it could be found not just on TV but also in catalogs, photographs, and advertisements: MCM furniture was luxurious yet restrained, beautiful yet sober, unique yet egalitarian. It promised, through the simple act of buying, the image of a better life. In this way, it has never been a symbol of freedom or democracy, but rather of the way capitalism pushes people to treat consumption as the only way to achieve a different reality.
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The Dawson grasshopper is a small short-winged species that ranges in northern grasslands from the Atlantic coast to the Great Basin of the West. It is a common grasshopper in the mixedgrass prairie and in grass-forb parks at high altitudes (7,000 to 8,500 feet). In Colorado it is a rare resident at 10,000 feet. At lower altitudes it frequently inhabits the bottoms of ravines where grasses, forbs, and shrubs grow profusely.
Some entomologists have concluded that the Dawson grasshopper is of little economic importance. Nevertheless, observed densities of 4 to 10 adult grasshoppers per square yard in the northern mixedgrass prairie indicate a potential for damage, especially to pastures in this region seeded to legumes.
Alfalfa fields in North Dakota are frequently infested with the Dawson grasshopper in addition to six other species of Melanoplus, namely, M. bivittatus, M. femurrubrum, M. sanguinipes, M. packardii, M. gladstoni, and M. differentialis. Of 12 counties surveyed in 1958 and 1959, two (Benson and Ramsey) harbored dominant numbers of the Dawson grasshopper (42 and 67 percent of the collected grasshoppers, respectively). Of 409 Dawson crops examined, 344 or 84 percent contained alfalfa fragments equalling the frequency of alfalfa in the crops of M. femurrubrum, a recognized serious pest of alfalfa.
Weights of the Dawson grasshopper are similar to weights of the little spurthroated grasshopper, Melanoplus infantilis. Live weights of males average 156 mg and females 238 mg (dry weights males 47 mg, females 73 mg). Weighed within 24 hours after molting into the adult stage, live weights of males averaged 94 mg and females 117 mg.
The Dawson grasshopper feeds principally on forbs. Forty species of forbs belonging to 13 plant families are known to be ingested. Two families, the bean and sunflower, appear to include the known principal host plants: western ragweed, leadplant, and milkvetches. Additionally, two introduced plants, both legumes, alfalfa and white clover, are among its host plants. White clover has become an important host plant due to its widespread invasion of pastures, foothill rangelands, mountain meadows, and roadsides. In cage tests the Dawson grasshopper has shown a marked preference for dandelion, an introduced weed that occurs in many of its habitats.
Fragments of 10 species of grasses, usually in small amounts, have been detected in the crops of this grasshopper. In the sand prairie of southeast North Dakota, Kentucky bluegrass besides three preferred forbs (leadplant, western ragweed, and wild rose) appeared to be consumed in substantial amounts. In a small overgrazed pasture that lies in a creek bottom in Johnson County, Wyoming, crops of adults collected late in the season (20 September 1994) contained chiefly fragments of grass seeds and brome leaves. In a foothill habitat of the Big Horn Mountains lying at an altitude of 7,190 feet, Dawson grasshoppers fed upon white clover, 43 percent; Astragalus sp., 25 percent; golden aster, 16 percent; common yarrow, 5 percent; grass seeds, 5 percent; and arthropods, 6 percent; as measured by analyses of crop contents.
Two observations were made of the Dawson grasshopper's method of attacking a host plant. A nymph (instar V) was observed walking on the ground in a searching mode. When it came across a sprouting 1-inch forb, it consumed it from tip to base. A female sitting diagonally head-up, 11 inches high, on a secondary stem of thistle (Cirsium sp.) crawled 2 inches to a leaf and began to feed on the edge. She fed for one minute until she was disturbed by the observer. This meager evidence suggests that the Dawson grasshopper feeds both by searching the ground and by attacking the leaves of a host plant close to where an individual may be resting or basking.
The wide geographic range of the Dawson grasshopper suggests that the species has both a long evolutionary history in North America and effective powers of dispersal. Although the majority of adults are short-winged, a few possess long wings. In a Colorado study, three of 952 adults (0.3 percent) collected in 14 study sites were long-winged. A specially relevant observation in this study was the discovery of one long-winged female at 12,200 feet indicating a flight distance of approximately 14 miles from the closest resident population. In 1995, three of 108 (2.8 percent) adults from six survey sites in Sheridan County, Wyoming possessed long wings.
The Dawson grasshopper is a small, short-winged species. A small proportion of the population, however, may possess long wings that extend 2 to 4 mm beyond the end of the abdomen. Adults are easily recognized by their small size, short wings, black and yellow ringed abdominal terga, canary yellow venter, and red hind tibia (Fig 6 and 7). The male cercus is short, slightly concave near the end, and rounded apically (Fig. 9).
The nymphs are identifiable by their color patterns, shape, and external structures (Fig. 1-5).
1. Head all black except conspicuous yellow band below compound eye and a median yellow line or band on top. Compound eye is all black seen without magnification, but under magnification several scattered light spots are visible.
2. Pronotum mainly black; the yellow band below compound eye continues onto lateral lobe to form a conspicuous crescent; a large black band is centrally located on the lateral lobe; posteriorly below it is a yellow triangular marking; a median yellow line or band is present on the disk. The dorsal stripe of the hind femur is broad and continuous, a small dorsal yellow wedge in the middle of the stripe is sometimes present (Fig. 5). The tibia is tan.
3. Sides of abdomen are mainly fuscous or gray; in instars I and II the venter is tan; in instars III, IV, and V it is yellow; top of abdomen with median yellow band.
4. Body colors of black and yellow are shiny and appear polished.
The Dawson grasshopper begins to hatch about one week after the migratory grasshopper, Melanoplus sanguinipes. Both belong to the intermediate-developing group of grasshoppers. In 1979 in northern Wyoming at an altitude of 3,700 feet, hatching of the Dawson grasshopper began the first week of June and continued until the first week of July. At higher altitudes in this region, hatching occurred later (e.g. at 4,100 feet hatching began on 19 June 1979). The effect of altitude on the life cycle of the Dawson grasshopper has been demonstrated nicely in a Colorado study. The study confirmed the applicability of Hopkin's bioclimatic law. The law, with reference to altitude in temperate North America, states that for every rise of 400 feet, events in the life cycle are delayed four days.
The start of hatching at a particular site depends on seasonal temperatures and precipitation and may vary from one year to another by as much as four weeks. The hatching period (duration) also varies, ranging from two to six weeks.
Both male and female nymphs require five instars to reach adulthood. Calculations of available data (days from first instars to first adults) indicate that at high altitudes the nymphal period is shorter than at low altitudes. For example, in northcentral Colorado nymphal development lasted 32 days at 5,750 feet, 28 days at 6,700 feet, and 20 days at 8,500 feet. In northern Wyoming, at 3,700 feet, the nymphal period lasted 45 days.
Reared in the laboratory at six different temperatures, the Dawson grasshopper developed at six different rates with nymphal periods ranging from 21 to 66 days. Up to a point, the higher the temperature the faster the growth. The highest-rearing temperature of 104°F, however, retarded development and increased mortality. Of the temperatures used in these tests, 95°F appeared most favorable, as the nymphs both developed fastest and survived in greatest numbers.
These experimental results suggest that temperatures in the habitat have a considerable influence on the rate of development and survival of this grasshopper. They do not explain, however, shorter life cycles at higher altitudes where temperatures are cooler. A hypothesis for variation in length of life cycles of the Dawson grasshopper living at different altitudes draws on one proposed to explain similar variation in populations of the migratory grasshopper, Melanoplus sanguinipes. Resident populations of a species may be genetically isolated, such that they adapt physiologically to the length of the growing seasons and other environmental exigencies of their habitat and pass on these adaptive characters to succeeding generations.Additionally, grasshoppers at high altitudes make behavioral adjustments that may equalize heat accumulation of individuals. They bask longer in the sun and remain longer in their thermal shelters under grass canopies, litter, and dry cow dung. Because of these responses, the most important physiological adaptations that grasshoppers at high altitudes make are to the shorter seasons.
First appearance of adults occurs from early to late July, with the precise time depending on seasonal temperatures and altitude. Transformation to the adult stage continues for four to five weeks; in mid to late August, only adults are present. The population then consists of adults of widely different ages. Maturation of adults has not been studied; however, courtship and copulating pairs have been observed. A male in search of a mate produces bursts of vibratory stridulation, and when close to a female he makes a sudden jump onto her back. He continues to produce bursts of vibratory stridulation as he attempts to engage her genitalia. If she is receptive, he succeeds in mating and the two remain in copulo for an undetermined period. Evidently copulation begins in the morning, as two pairs observed in a foothill habitat on 19 August 1994, were in copulo at 9:27 a.m. and at 11:41 a.m. DST.
One attempt at oviposition was observed on 5 August 1994 in a weedy grass-forb habitat. The female sitting horizontally on litter began to bore into the ground at 9 a.m. but withdrew her ovipositor five minutes later. She crawled 6 inches away and began to bore again into the ground at 9:06 a.m., but again withdrew her abdomen and crawled away into thick vegetation and became lost to view. Caged females readily oviposit into bare soil, but they often bore several times before finally depositing eggs.
Adults are present in habitats at low altitudes (3,500 to 6,000 feet) from mid-July to mid-October, a period of approximately 13 weeks. As long as the supply and condition of host plants persist, this extended presence of adults gives the species considerable time to reproduce. At higher altitudes (8,500 feet), the length of the adult period is shorter, but the species apparently reproduces as well in resident populations. Rapid development of nymphs at high altitudes has been documented and accelerated rates probably include maturation and egg production as well.
The egg pods are 3/4 inch long and slightly curved just above the eggs. In the region of the eggs, the pod has a diameter of 1/8 inch. The eggs occupy the lower 1/4 to 3/8 inch of the pod, with pale yellow or white froth comprising the top part. Pods contain 8 to 14 (average 10.8) tannish yellow eggs that measure 3.6 to 4.5 mm long (Fig. 10).
Populations of the Dawson grasshopper enjoy the greatest frequency of occurrence and the highest densities in the northern part of their geographic range and at high altitudes in the south. The species occurs commonly in the northern mixedgrass prairie of the Canadian prairie provinces where populations may increase to 10 adults per square yard. It is occasionally the dominant species in an assemblage, but more often it is subdominant to Melanoplus infantilis, M. sanguinipes, M. packardii, or Encoptolophus costalis.
Results of grasshopper surveys in Montana and Wyoming show the influence of latitude on frequency of occurrence. The Dawson grasshopper was found in 9 of 55 sites (16 percent) in Montana, but only in 30 of 699 sites (4 percent) in Wyoming.
An important factor in fostering populations of the Dawson grasshopper appears to be quality and supply of host plants.
The species frequently inhabits abandoned fields and roadsides where dandelion, volunteer legumes, and other forbs grow abundantly. In Montana this grasshopper occupied 4 of 11 abandoned fields (36 percent).
A study of grasshopper ecology in the northern mixedgrass prairie of southwest Saskatchewan has shown that when environmental conditions become favorable for the Dawson grasshopper, populations can increase seven-fold over a period of four years. The densities during these years were low: 0.25 per square yard in 1968, 0.4 in 1969, 0.9 in 1970, and 1.7 in 1971.
In the south, favorable habitats of the Dawson grasshopper occur at high altitudes of 7,000 to 8,500 feet. An example of such a habitat was discovered in 1994 in the western foothills of the Big Horn Mountains, Washakie County, Wyoming. Located at an altitude of 7,200 feet, this grassland site was invaded by white clover that served as the grasshoppers' chief host plant. The density of all species in an assemblage of mainly young adults sampled on 19 August 1994 was estimated to be 16.5 grasshoppers per square yard. The Dawson grasshopper was the dominant species with 6.5 individuals per square yard.
The assemblage consisted of four other species: Melanoplus sanguinipes, 5 per square yard; Camnula pellucida, 3.5; M. femurrubrum, 1; and M. infantilis, 0.5. In Colorado, the Dawson grasshopper is a rare resident at 10,000 feet. Above this altitude the species is apparently unable to exist. Small populations of the Dawson grasshopper inhabit the sand prairie (altitude 1,075 feet) of southeast North Dakota. A 10-year study revealed low densities every season.
In its southern distribution, the Dawson grasshopper often inhabits the bottom of ravines from where, in outbreak years, they may disperse to surrounding mixedgrass prairie. When these large populations crash, the species disappears from the surrounding prairie but persists in the ravines.
The Dawson grasshopper is a geophilus species living most of its life on the ground. In high-altitude habitats where soil and air temperatures fall below 50°F during the night, individuals rest in nocturnal shelters. One-half to one hour after the sun strikes the ground, they emerge from these shelters and begin to bask. Basking horizontally on the ground, they turn a side perpendicular to the sun's rays and lower the associated hindleg to expose the abdomen. The opposite hindleg is held in the normal position with the knee a few millimeters above the tegmen. They may also bask high on forbs, turning a side or their back to the sun. They bask for up to three hours until 10 a.m. DST. Some adults may become active before others have finished basking. Feeding has been observed as early as 9:30 a.m., courting 9:45 a.m., mating 9:27 a.m., and ovipositional probing 8:41 a.m. During the activity period many may just rest quietly occasionally stirring and preening. They sit on vegetation or horizontally on ground litter and usually face away from the sun.
All activity ceases if soil and air temperatures become too hot for the grasshoppers. Response of adults to soil surface temperature of 135°F and air 100°F was observed in a low-altitude (4,700 feet) habitat near Buffalo, Wyoming. The grasshoppers climbed forbs and grasses and rested vertically, head-up on the shady side of the plant at heights of 5 to 18 inches. The response of three adults flushed to the ground was observed. A female jumped 3 feet, landed on the ground, but almost immediately climbed up 15 inches on the stem of a wild licorice plant. A male jumped to the ground and after a few seconds crawled to a nearby grass plant and climbed up the stem. Another flushed male jumped onto a grass stem and landed 2 inches above ground and in the sun; after several seconds it moved to the stem of a slimflower scurfpea on which the grass leaned, crawled to a height of 5 inches, and came to rest vertically head-up on the shady side of the scurfpea.
When temperatures decline, a second period of activity occurs. As temperatures fall still further in late afternoon, the grasshoppers bask for a second time. Finally, just before sunset, they retreat to shelters. They have been observed to crawl into thick clumps of grasses and under dry cow dung. In the morning before sunrise, they have been discovered resting both horizontally on the ground and upside down on the underside of rocks or dry cow dung, often along with individuals of other species such as Melanoplus sanguinipes and Camnula pellucida.
Alexander, G. and J.R. Hilliard, Jr. 1969. Altitudinal and seasonal distribution of Orthoptera in the Rocky Mountains of Northern Colorado. Ecol. Monogr. 39: 385-431.
Anderson, N.L. 1973. The vegetation of rangeland sites associated with some grasshopper studies in Montana. Montana Agr. Exp. Stn. Bull. 668.
Mulkern, G.B. 1980. Population fluctuations and competitive relationships of grasshopper species (Orthoptera: Acrididae). Trans. Amer. Entomol. Soc. 106: 1-41.
Mulkern, G.B., K.P. Pruess, H. Knutson, A.F. Hagen, J.B. Campbell, and J.D. Lambley. 1969. Food habits and preferences of grassland grasshoppers of the North Central Great Plains. North Dakota Agr. Exp. Stn. Bull. 481.
Riegert, P.W. 1986. The effect of perturbation on the stability and diversity of grasshopper species on the North American prairies. Pan Amer. Acridol. Soc. Proceedings 4th Triennial Meeting, pp. 111-120.
Shotwell, R.L. 1941. Life histories and habits of some grasshoppers of economic importance on the Great Plains. USDA Tech. Bull. 774. | <urn:uuid:d5d27649-e3cb-448f-b778-171be43d8734> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.uwyo.edu/entomology/grasshoppers/field-guide/meda.html | 2024-04-24T10:31:14Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296819089.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20240424080812-20240424110812-00000.warc.gz | en | 0.938093 | 4,086 | 4,822 |
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- The categories of personal information collected;
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- The purposes for which the personal information were collected;
- The categories of personal information disclosed to third parties (if any), and the categories of recipients to whom the personal information were disclosed;
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- The categories of personal information sold (if any), and the categories of third parties to whom the personal information were sold.
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- The Right to Correction. The right to request that any inaccuracies in your personal information be corrected, taking into account the nature of the personal information and the purposes of the processing of your personal information.
- The Right to Opt Out of Sales or Sharing for Targeted Advertising. The right to direct us not to “sell” personal information we have collected about you to third parties for monetary or other valuable consideration, or “share” your personal information to third parties for cross-context behavioral advertising purposes. If you are under the age of 16, you have the right to opt in, or to have a parent or guardian opt in on your behalf, to such sales.
- The Right to Limit Use and Disclosure of Sensitive Personal Information. You have the right to direct us to limit the use of your sensitive personal information to certain purposes, including to perform the services or provide the goods reasonably by an average consumer who requests those goods or services.
- The Right to Control Over Automated Decision-Making / Profiling. The right to direct us not to use automated decision-making or profiling for certain purposes.
Depending on your state of residency, you may also have the right to not receive retaliatory or discriminatory treatment in connection with a request to exercise the above rights. However, the exercise of the rights described above may result in a different price, rate or quality level of product or service where that difference is reasonably related to the impact the right has on our relationship or is otherwise permitted by law.
How to Exercise Your Privacy Rights
To submit a request to exercise one of the privacy rights identified above, please submit a request by:
- Filling out our Individual Rights Request Form; or
- Calling our toll-free number at 1-844-923-1782.
When you make a request, we may ask you to provide verifying information, such as your name, email, or phone number. We will review the information provided and may request additional information via email or other means to verify your identity. We will only use personal information provided in connection with a Consumer Rights Request to review and comply with the request.
In certain circumstances, we may decline a request to exercise the rights described above, particularly where we are unable to verify your identity or locate your information in our systems. If we are unable to comply with all or a portion of your request, we will explain the reasons for declining to comply with the request.
Exercise Your Right to Opt-Out of Personal Information Sales or Sharing for Targeted Advertising
Unless you have exercised your Right to Opt-Out, and as described in the Disclosure of Personal information section of these U.S. Disclosures, we may disclose or “sell” your personal information to third parties for monetary or other valuable consideration, or “share” your personal information to third parties for cross-context behavioral advertising purposes. The third parties to whom we sell or share personal information may use such information for their own purposes in accordance with their own privacy policies.
You do not need to create an account with us to exercise your Right to Opt-Out. However, we may ask you to provide additional personal information so that we can properly identify you to track compliance with your opt-out request. We will only use personal information provided in an opt-out request to review and comply with the request. If you choose not to provide this information, we may only be able to process your request to the extent we are able to identify you in our data systems.
To exercise the Right to Opt-Out, you may submit a request by clicking the links below:
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In certain circumstances, you are permitted to use an authorized agent (as that term is defined by the CCPA) to submit requests on your behalf through the designated methods set forth in these U.S. Disclosures where we can verify the authorized agent’s authority to act on your behalf.
For requests to know, delete, or correct personal information, we require the following for verification purposes:
- (a) a power of attorney valid under the laws of California from you or your authorized agent; or
- (b) sufficient evidence to show that you have:
- 1. provided the authorized agent signed permission to act on your behalf; and
- 2. verified your own identity directly with us pursuant to the instructions set forth in these U.S. Disclosures; or directly confirmed with us that you provided the authorized agent permission to submit the request on your behalf.
For requests to opt-out of personal information “sales” or “sharing”, we require a signed permission demonstrating your authorized agent has been authorized by you to act on your behalf.
Appealing Privacy Rights Decisions
Depending on your state of residency, you may be able to appeal a decision we have made in connection with your privacy rights request. All appeal requests should be submitted using the Individual Rights Request Form.
- Colorado Residents: If your appeal is denied, you may contact the Colorado Attorney General to address your concerns here.
- Connecticut Residents: If your appeal is denied, you may contact the Connecticut Attorney General to submit a complaint here.
- Virginia Residents: If your appeal is denied, you may contact the Virginia Attorney General to submit a complaint here.
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The following disclosures only apply to residents of the State of California.
- Sales of Personal Information and Sharing for Targeted Advertising. In the previous 12 months, we have sold the following categories of personal information to third parties, subject to your settings and preferences and your Right to Opt Out:
- Internet / Network Information
The categories of third parties to whom we may sell or share the personal information include:
- Online Advertising Networks and Analytics Providers
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We do not sell the personal information and do not have actual knowledge that we sell the personal information of minors under 16 years of age. If we wish to do so in the future, we will first seek affirmative authorization form either the minor who is between 13 and 16 years of age, or the parent or guardian of a minor less than 13 years of age. Please contact us at [email protected] to inform us if you, or your minor child, are under the age of 16.
If you are under the age of 18 and you want to remove your name or comments from our website or publicly displayed content, please contact us directly at [email protected]. We may not be able to modify or delete your information in all circumstances.
If you wish to submit a privacy request on behalf of your minor child in accordance with applicable jurisdictional laws, you must provide sufficient information to allow us to reasonably verify your child is the person about whom we collected personal information and you are authorized to submit the request on your child’s behalf (i.e. you are the child’s legal guardian or authorized representative).
- “Shine the Light”. The California “Shine the Light” law gives residents of California the right under certain circumstances to request information from us regarding the manner in which we share certain categories of personal information (as defined in the Shine the Light law) with third parties for their direct marketing purposes. To opt out of this type of sharing, please email us at [email protected].
Do Not Track
Viavi Solutions Inc. does not currently take steps to respond to browsers’ “Do Not Track” signals as no uniform standard to respond to such signals has been developed at this time.
We may make alterations to this Policy from time to time. Any alteration or addition will be posted prominently on this website. Where we have your email address, we will notify you of significant alterations to this Policy.
Updated January 1, 2023.
- Email: [email protected]
- Post: 3047 Orchard Parkway
San Jose, CA 95134
Attention Legal Department
Brazilian LGPD DPO
- DPO: Gisele Freire
Av. Eng. Luis Carlos Berrini
936 – 9 andar Sao Paulo – SP 04571-000 Brazil | <urn:uuid:0a34bab1-b4f2-4774-80fe-38f988809f43> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.viavisolutions.com/en-us/corporate/legal/privacy-policy?elqTrackId=4d09683e38b54486a99be7b7dfa3cc41&elq=00000000000000000000000000000000&elqaid=478&elqat=2&elqCampaignId=&elqcst=272&elqcsid=311 | 2024-04-24T09:34:28Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296819089.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20240424080812-20240424110812-00000.warc.gz | en | 0.911304 | 4,591 | 4,196 |
Now look at your map of Ashton. Locate the big cemetery on Harriet Avenue—the cemetery is that big green box approximately in the middle of the city. Now, about dead in the middle (no pun intended) of the north side, find Altar Street. You notice that Altar Street runs north-south. Your map doesn’t show this, but Altar Street runs one-way north, away from the cemetery. It has run one-way north at least 15 years. No one comes south on Altar Street to turn onto Harriet Avenue; no one has been coming down there for 15 years. On the other side of Harriet Avenue, no one comes out of the cemetery to cross Harriet Avenue.
Your map doesn’t show this either, but a traffic light has guarded that very intersection all that time, all those 15 years. Every few seconds, the traffic traveling east and west on Harriet Avenue must stop, to allow no one to come out of the cemetery, and no one to come south out of Altar Street. For 15 years.
This light is the logic of Ashton, Pennsylvania.
Now look: on a Saturday night in May 1970, here comes Jerry Waters, known sardonically as Cheerful because he is not, riding shotgun on his last night home before flying back to Arizona. Cheerful rides in a noble old jalopy owned by Buddy six weeks now, and driven by Buddy. A big mechanism hidden inside a military green metal box, mounted on a utility pole at head level, goes ger-chunk and the light turns red.
Jerry, Cheerful, glances upward as he and Buddy sit alone in the cool night air, and Cheerful raises an index toward the light. “And the light shined in the darkness. It was the light that numbs mankind.”
The light turns green and Buddy shifts into low. “Well, on to the Flamingo Lounge anyway. I need 10 or 14 tall ones. I got my 1-A two weeks ago you know.”
“Aha,” Cheerful replies. “Whoever thinks bureaucracies are inefficient has never dealt with the Draft Board. I’ve been home two days and you’ve kept this from me.”
“It just didn’t come up.”
“Well this is news Buddy, big news. We gotta plot and conspire— you gotta tell me who’s slipped you letters of support for your appeal. You schmuck. You let Father Ferrari dump on me when you had somebody lined up on your own.”
“No I didn’t.”
Cheerful waits for more word, but Buddy gives none, and the tightness of Buddy’s mouth these two days deepens. Cheerful breaks the silence: “You, ah, you are writing an appeal aren’t you?”
“I guess so,” Buddy says.
“Well step on it Buddy. This isn’t a term paper—”
“It’s easy for you to talk; you’ve wrapped your motorcycle around a tree and busted yourself all to hell. Now you have six months to think about it.”
“It wasn’t my motorcycle. It was a friend’s.”
“I gather he has a little money and very little sense.”
“For lending it to me you mean?”
Buddy grins. Cheerful grins, even as a deep sadness settles on him: he knows that Buddy is going to let them take his warm body, and Cheerful can’t stop it. He understands: it’s really not easy to say to Old Glory, “You suck!” Nixon, Spirochete Anew and the Right House Gang, it’s very easy to tell; but the country itself resembles a whoring brother for whom you still have affection, and hopes.
So Cheerful and Buddy proceed to the Cheerful’s first foray into the Pink Flamingo Lounge on Main Street, a place famed for serving underage people, and known as far away as California—yes, somebody in Santa B who picked up Cheerful Waters hitch-hiking asked if he had ever snuck 10 or 14 tall ones down at the Pink Flamingo Lounge. But no 14-year-olds are in evidence tonight. . .which slightly annoys Cheerful now that he’s of legal age. The Lounge holds other disappointments: the interior shows no evidence at all of cheer. The floor is wood rubbed raw. The walls are dingy white. The pink flamingoes’ pink feathers are cracked and tattered plastic. So, having penetrated at last another mystery of life, Jerry finds this one also cheap and tacky.
Buddy and Jerry slurp Pabst Blue Ribbon, right from the bottle. One, two, three within the first hour. The remnants of Cheerfull’s concussion, from the motorcycle accident, is giving him a really cheap drunk.
Cheerful doesn’t press the business about appealing. He holds his waters. . .or rather, grows aware that he has been holding them for some time. He explores then the men’s room, and finds when he returns that Buddy has been joined by a knot of other old friends, including Dean Gallagher.
“Deaner!” Jerry says cheerfully as he limps back to the table. With his left hand he grasps his right wrist and holds out his right hand, offering a shake.
“What’s this?” Dean asks as he takes the hand.
“Little nerve damage in the shoulder. Motorcycle accident.”
“Borrowed motorcycle,” Buddy says. “Keep your keys in your pockets—not only that, Jerry didn’t bother to let his doctor release him from the hospital: he just walked out the side door.”
“I hate those half-nudie pajamas,” Jerry chirped. “I mean, I’d rather show them full-frontal glory. So whattaya say fellas? How ‘bout if we drive by the high school, and all moon it at once? I always wanted to show my ass to that place with a whole squad.”
Deaner laughs his quiet reserved laugh. Something in its sound makes Cheerful think Dean was remembering something distant, such as his own room back home. But Buddy points a finger at Cheerful and as he begins to say these words Dean joins in: “He’s Cheerful Waters all right; I’d recognize a thought like that anywhere.”
For the better part of an hour then this group passes talk back and forth over the table. It is another rite of passage in Ashton, Cheerful Waters’ first beers with a childhood friend. Dean and Jerry Waters shot each other ten or 12 times every day after school, in a vacant lot behind a set of billboards overlooking Main Street, across the street from the beginning of the coal strippings. Later Dean went to a different junior high school, and emerged as a high school basketball star. Dean had wonderful hands; he could throw the ball through the hoop with either hand, falling away, without looking. He grew tall, almost 6′2″, and from the stands Jerry watched Dean, remembering their attenuated friendship and puzzling himself on how time changes the shape of things that have no shape.
But now they feel hearty and glad to see each other. Dean and Jerry tells stories of their travels—drinking and nights under bridges (Cheerful); drinking, hobos and hospital stories (Deaner).
At the punch line of a good tale offered by Dean, Cheerful reaches out and slaps Deaner merrily on the knee. Instead of skin however, his fingers encounter something unyielding; his hand recoils as though he were shocked.
“What’s the matter?” Deaner laughs nervously.
“Don’t you like my new leg?” “What do you mean, “your new leg?”“
Dean raps his knuckles smartly on his leg, just above the kneecap: plik plik! The report is of plastic. “My new leg,” he says. “How do you think I met all those guys in hospitals?”
“I. . . I thought maybe you were doing alternative service.”
“How would I be doing alternative service?” Dean wonders. Dean was always a good kid, intelligent, obedient, loved by the nuns. Pictures of men in uniform fixed his living room.
Jerry instantly sees, not that Dean isn’t sophisticated enough to argue himself into a deferment—but that he would never try.
“I was a tail gunner in a chopper,” Dean says. “My ship went down and I lost my leg.”
“Oh Dean,” Jerry says in a tiny voice, “you were a tail gunner?”
Sure, Dean nods.
Jerry’s eyes fall. The way the scene has played, he hopes, if he doesn’t say another word, it will sound as though he feels only shock and sympathy for his old friend—and of course he feels shock and sympathy. But at the same time, he’s repelled at the thought of Deaner with those good hands that could drill baskets from 25 feet away with hundreds of people screaming in the stands, standing in a chopper door using the same skill to throw his strings of death around at dots below, and Jerry’s skin crawls with the realization that, like an organism being taken by an alien form, the corporate being of himself and his friends is becoming the enemy.
Cheerful and Buddy leave a little after midnight. Jerry’s mission has not been accomplished; he is still firmly on his feet. He is sober with rage. Main Street is quiet and deserted. A few cars drive up or down the four lanes of traffic without even seeming to be there. Up the block, a bank alarm rings wildly in the night, but no action seems to be stirred by it. After looking in that direction a long minute or two, Cheerful and Buddy shrug and get into Buddy’s car.
In a few minutes they are approaching again the Light of Waste, the Beacon of Mindlessness. As though to greet them, it turns red. Buddy stops dutifully.
“I don’t know how many times I’ve felt like smashing this damn traffic light,” Cheerful says.
“Do you want to?” Buddy says,
They look at each other. Jerry really didn’t expect this from Buddy—they’re both good boys after all, not vandals. But every so often, Buddy catches Jerry bluffing. Every so often, Buddy shows a flair for madness, the kind that will have him jumping out of airplanes.
The light turns green, but Buddy refuses to move. Instead he cocks a thumb up Altar Street. “You know, they demolished the old Altar Street School a couple years ago; there’s a lot of bricks and rubble laying around. They said they tore it down to save money—I heard it cost them fifty thousand bucks to do it.”
Altar Street School! Ashton’s high school, circa 1912! Adorned in its halls with a plaster copy of the frieze from the Parthenon, a full-sized plaster copy of Athena—bare breast and everything! Torn down in order to save it—Ashton is Vietnam: it is being destroyed in order to save it! “Let’s do it,” Cheerful Waters says. “Let’s smash this damn light.”
So Buddy pulls on the wheel, cruising through the light that is now red.
Buddy proceeds to the site, and as Cheerful picks through the rubble, he comes on the remains of Athena, first the brow, then a chunk of breast. These chunks take place in Cheerful’s arm with common pieces of brick. In less than five minutes, Buddy has circled back to the traffic light. He parks just a little before the light. There are three sets of three.
“I’ll wait in the car,” Buddy says.
“Good enough,” says Cheerful. He steps forth. He limps up to the first light over the sidewalk, about eight feet up. He feels very good inside, very good: this light is the genius of Ashton, and he has a few things to settle with the person of this light.
This is the physics teacher who scolded him for hanging the one-kilo weight on the one-kilo spring.
This is the language lab which Jerry’s classes used four times in three years of language study.
This is the geometry teacher who couldn’t figure out this one: all blue-eyed people have blond hair; John has blond hair; conclusion: John has blue eyes—true or false. And that teacher, boys and girls, was head of the math and science department.
This is the downtown of Ashton that is being torn down in the name of urban renewal.
This is the Church that forbids birth control in a world of billions:
This is gushing saccharine, cloving prayer for Mary, the Forty Hours and the Stations of the Cross and the Novenas and every empty devotion that he forced himself through without feeling. This is the stanzas of the rosary—the sorrowful mysteries the joyful mysteries and the nauseating mystery of why does the Church condemn the condom which did not condemn the Nazis?
This is Vietnam.
This is Pleiku and Khe Sanh and Cam Ranh Bay and Saigon and the Iron Triangle and Hanoi and the Ho Chi Minh Trail and the Mekong Delta; this is the Tonkin Gulf incident and Operation Rolling Thunder and Dewey Canyon and the Demilitarized Zone and the Tet Offensive and Winning Hearts and Minds and the invasion of Cambodia and the First Air Cavalry and the Big Red One.
This is Abbie and Jerry and Timothy and flag-burners and bombers, Weatherman, Students for Democratic Society, Progressive Labor, Young Americans for Freedom, and Young Republicans.
This is the President’s Secret Plan to end an undeclared war supported by a Great Silent Majority.
This is the school designed to discover and kill intelligence, independence, creativity. This is the school and the Church and country that teaches forgery, fakery, evasion, coverup, greed, grab, shut up, sit down, go along, don’t make trouble.
This is the people not willing to avoid wrong, not caring to search for justice. This is Cheerful’s friends who shrug, who fake, who accept, who go along, who will not resist, who will not shout, who feel no rage, who become from their very first steps and who are becoming at this hour as they sleep and with every day that they will not change, what must be changed. This is the pernicious insidious corruption that soaks into the souls of people like a sponge lying in thin blood.
This is the light at the end of the tunnel
“Is everything OK?” Buddy calls from the car.
Cheerful looks over his shoulder. “I was just listing my intentions, “he says, like the good altar boy he was once, directing the indulgence attached to a prayer or devotion to the spiritual account of so-and-so and so-and-so. Buddy smirks. Cheerful selects the breast—no, the brow—of Athena. He swings the fragment in the hand hanging from his partly-paralyzed shoulder, because it’s the hand he’s always used, and looks upward. He has never noticed how large these lights are—they must be nine or 12 inches across, large and inviting. He widens the arc of his swing, slings the chunk upward with everything he can force out of his shoulder. The chunk flies like a hand grenade, dead to the middle of the lowest, green light.
Plik! Clunk! The brick bounces off the glass harmlessly, richochets under the metal visor, falls to a sewer grating, and rolls glump! into the smelly regions underground, swallowed whole by the viscous turdy fluid. Cheerful regards the sewer grate grinning at him below, the light winking overhead. It turns red, amid a noisy clunk! He sets his mouth and slings another chunk upward, with even more force. This glances off the perimeter of the glass and rattles loudly in the metal hood, then falls.
Cheerful spends the rest of his armload to break the green light and the yellow above it. Their breaking satisfies him greatly, but this doesn’t finish the job. He gathers up what chunks he can find at his feet—others seem to have been swallowed by the sewer—and succeeds in hitting the red light, which stands above him at an angle difficult to hit. But the red refuses to break. The best he can manage is to crack it. Smoke or steam issues from its red glare into the night as it stupidly goes through its cycle, chunk, long pause, chunk, doing nothing with unswerving obedience.
So a second, and then a third time, they return to the old school, with Buddy joining in the strenuous work of destruction. Buddy parks his car up Altar Street and around the first corner, among a line of other cars lining the curb. By the time they finish sending the last high red light into darkness, standing side by side firing long salvos, the intersection is littered from corner to corner with stones.
They walk just halfway up the short block to Buddy’s car, when Buddy begins running. Cheerful says, “Hey, don’t run—be proud!” and demonstrates by swaggering . . .until he looks over his shoulder to see a police car sitting in the middle of the intersection with its little cherry top spinning.
And then Jerry finds that he can run on his injured leg. Buddy now is nowhere in sight. But even drunk, and even as he runs, he still thinks or least he clearly sees: don’t lead the cops to Buddy!, so he stays on a straight line up Altar Street, turning his head to see Buddy sitting in his driver’s seat with the door open, looking backward for Cheerful Waters, and Cheerful Waters says “Keep down, Buddy, it’s the cops,” and proceeds to the third house on the next block of Altar Street, where he runs into the narrow walkway between two duplexes all the way to the back. He fumbles a second to find the gate latch, and then lets himself into the long back yard.
And so with the angry red light of the cruiser flashing in the spaces between houses, Cheerful Waters makes his way home over his native turf, the backyard passages of his childhood. The fences of old-fashioned wire or splintery wooden slats, the grape arbors—even those sneaky little piles of dog shit like land mines in the shadows—he finds these things completely familiar in his night. He strains his bad knee, twists it, finds himself much diminished in strength already from his boyhood, from which he’s just barely emerged.
On his father’s porch he inserts the old-fashioned key into the old brass keylock as the police cruiser buzzes down the street by the cemetery. They don’t see him. With satisfaction he pushes open the door and climbs into bed at 2:17 . . . .
. . . to wake the next morning for his flight out and, as his mother drives him by the traffic light at 6:45—not even five hours later—a crew is replacing the glass and bulbs and restoring the light to fully functional uselessness and he knows the Revolution is doomed, humanity itself is doomed—but most definitely, most dreadfully, he himself will never find a place in the world; he himself is doomed always to dance enthralled in the darkness of his own reflection . . .
. . . and he travels out to the airport to fly away in a cocoon of pain within which he ceaselessly chews, thinking back, looking down at the little hills, the little houses, the little streets acrawl with pismire cars and trucks which burn gas and spew exhaust and struggle but do not move, and he flies to another place where nothing he can say makes any house or street large, any person alive. | <urn:uuid:6faa3ce1-1c21-4d21-8de0-2bab336e4497> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.vqronline.org/fiction/smashing-light | 2024-04-24T09:55:08Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296819089.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20240424080812-20240424110812-00000.warc.gz | en | 0.961559 | 4,438 | 4,726 |
Sponsored content by Pandora Jewelry
Mother's Day is right around the corner, and that means many of us will be frantically shopping, trying to find the perfect gift to give our moms. From guiding us through life to literally giving us our lives, our mothers truly are the root and foundation that binds families together. What could possibly be a sufficient show of thanks?
Luckily for you, we decided to go straight to the source by asking real moms what they want for their special day. We found a few recurring themes to help spark inspo and even shared some top picks from Pandora that'll show your mom you appreciate all she does.
A Little Time Off
Hands down, the most popular pick when we polled moms was time off to rest and recharge. For some, like new mom Kathy Juana Aiyegbo, the founder of Mission Lane, one day off from parenting duties was at the top of her list. But many moms chimed in with requests for five-star hotel stays and trips to luxe spa resorts for some much-needed pampering after a very trying year.
Photo Credit: Shutterstock
While jewelry is always a popular choice for Mother's Day, get her something that doesn't feel like you waited until the last minute to go shopping. This Family Tree Heart Clasp Snake Chain Bracelet from Pandora will let your mom show the world that her family is always a priority. A bonus: It can pair well whether your mother is dressed up or casual.
Photo Credit: Pandora
Upgraded Goodies for Hobbyists
Mother's Day is the perfect time to upgrade your mom's hobbies with items that you've heard her name-drop all year. If you know for a fact that your mom loves to cook (like many of the women we spoke to!), why not upgrade her cookware, utensils, or even appliances? While you shouldn't imply that you expect mom to cook on her special day, she'll appreciate that you remembered she's had her eye on that gorgeous new Great Jones set!
Photo Credit: Courtesy
A Little Quality Time
Unsurprisingly after the aftermath of 2020 and coronavirus, one of the other top-requested "gifts" for Mother's Day was quality time with family and loved ones. Sharon Smith-Akinsanya, the founder of People Of Color Careers, noted that the pandemic made it impossible to visit her daughter who's now grown — but now that both of them are vaccinated, her big wish is to see her daughter again and shower her with hugs and kisses.
Photo Credit: Shutterstock
A Ring to Upgrade Her Wardrobe
We know that jewelry can tie an outfit together, which is why it never hurts to pick a gorgeous ring for your mom this year. This Rose Petals Statement Ring from Pandora is eye-catching without being overwhelming and would make so many moms swoon. The blended rose gold plated sterling silver ring features a crystal flower and can act as a conversation piece, helping your mom make an undeniable statement (as if she needed help).
Photo Credit: Pandora
Gift Her a Year Subscription Box
Go big with a gift that keeps on giving long after Mother's Day is over. If you know your mom's likes and dislikes, signing her up for a lifestyle subscription box could be a big hit. These can be for clothing, beauty, snacks from around the world, and more. Andrea Tran, an RN and lactation consultant with the blog Breastfeeding Confidential, loves the idea of a gift that keeps giving, month after month. "It's like multiple gifts throughout the year. My kids gave me one of these last year and it was so fun getting it every season."
Photo Credit: Shutterstock
A Fun Daytime Outing
Based on the moms we queried, one thing is clear: Experiences are never not appreciated. And it's understandable, since memories last forever! Joi Light of Its Joi To My World mentioned, "...a trendy picnic with the floor pillows, mimosas, and good food" was her big wish for Mother's Day.
Photo Credit: Shutterstock
A Charm to Complement Her Jewelry
"Thoughtfulness" topped the charts of our moms' requests, and this charm says so much. The Love You Infinity Heart Dangle Charm from Pandora features the infinity symbol wrapped around a heart with a beautiful cursive note engraved on it. This rose-hued charm will look beautiful either as a mixed metal effect or with other rose gold jewelry.
Photo Credit: Pandora
A Tasty Indulgence
Lucy T., a writer for Sarasota to Stonington, noted that she'd love a vegan box of Mochidoki (the cutest Mochi in the world) for Mother's Day. Whether you know your mom has a sweet tooth or that there's a tasty savory dish she rarely gets to enjoy, this is the time to indulge her senses. Take her to that cafe she's always mentioned to you, or have a yummy curated gift basket full of some of her favorite treats delivered just in time for her big day.
Photo Credit: Courtesy
Things That Make Daily Life Easier
The phrase "busy mom" is a bit of an understatement, especially these days. Tiana Coates, the founder of Winding Wick Candles, wants a gift that will make her routine tasks easier. So what's on her wishlist? An air fryer, "...because at the end of the day I don't always have the time to create the full meals for us that I would like to."
Photo Credit: Courtesy
Featured image by Shutterstock
This post is in partnership with Amgen.
The seemingly simple task of taking a breath is something most of us don’t think twice about. But for people who live with severe asthma, breathing does not always come easily. Asthma, a chronic respiratory condition that inflames and narrows the airways in the lungs, affects millions of people worldwide – 5-10% of which live with severe asthma. Severe asthma is a chronic and lifelong condition that is unpredictable and can be difficult to manage. Though often invisible to the rest of the world, severe asthma is a not-so-silent companion for those who live with it, often interrupting schedules and impacting day-to-day life.
Among the many individuals who battle severe asthma, Black women face a unique set of challenges. It's not uncommon for us to go years without a proper diagnosis, and finding the right treatment often requires some trial and error. Thankfully, all hope is not lost for those who may be fighting to get their severe asthma under control. We spoke with Juanita Brown Ingram, Esq. and Jania Watson, two inspiring Black women who have been living with severe asthma and have found strength, resilience, and a sense of purpose in their journeys.
Juanita Brown Ingram, Esq.
Juanita Ingram has a resume that would make anyone’s jaw drop. On top of being recently crowned Mrs. Universe, she’s also an accomplished attorney, filmmaker, and philanthropist. From the outside, it seems there’s nothing this talented woman won’t try, and likely succeed at. In her everyday life, however, Juanita exercises a lot more caution. From a young age, Juanita has struggled with severe asthma. Her symptoms were always exacerbated by common illnesses like a cold or flu. “I've heard these stories of my breathing struggles, but I remember distinctly when I was younger not being able to breathe every time I got a virus,” says Ingram. “I remember missing a lot of school and crying a lot because asthma is painful. I [was taken] to see my doctor often if I got sick with anything so I was hypervigilant as a child, and I still am.”
Today, Juanita says her symptoms are best managed when she’s working closely with her care team, avoiding getting sick and staying ahead of any symptoms. Ingram said she’s been blessed with skilled doctors who are just as vigilant of her symptoms as she is. While competing in the Mrs. Universe competition, Juanita took extra care to stay clear of other competitors to ensure she didn’t catch a cold or virus that would trigger her severe asthma. “I would stand off to the side and sometimes that could be taken as ‘oh, she thinks she's better than everybody else.’ But if I get sick during a pageant, I'm done. I had to compete with that in mind because my sickness doesn't look like everybody else's sickness.”
Even when her symptoms are under control, living with severe asthma still presents challenges. Juanita relies on her strong support system to overcome the hurdles caused by a lack of understanding from the public, “I think that there's a lot of lack of awareness about how serious severe asthma is. I would [also] tell women to advocate and to trust their intuition and not to allow someone to dismiss what you're experiencing.”
Jania, a content creator from Atlanta, Georgia, has been living with severe asthma for many years. Thanks to early testing by asthma specialists, Jania was diagnosed with severe asthma as a child after experiencing frequent flare-ups and challenges in her day-to-day life. “I specifically remember, I was starting school, and we were moving into a new house. One of the triggers for me and my younger sister at the time were certain types of carpets. We had just moved into this new house and within weeks of us being there, my parents literally had to pay for all new carpet in the house.”
As Jania grew older, she was suffering from fewer flare-ups and thought her asthma was well under control. However, a trip back to her doctor during high school revealed that her severe asthma was affecting her more than she realized. “That was the first time in a long time I had to do a breathing test,” she describes. “The doctor had me take a deep breath in and blow into a machine to test my breathing. They told me to blow as hard as I could. And I was doing it. I was giving everything I got. [My dad and the doctor] were looking at me like ‘girl, stop playing.’ And at that point [it confirmed] I still have severe asthma because I've given it all I got. It doesn't really go away, but I just learned how to help manage it better.”
Jania recognizes that people who aren’t living with asthma, may not understand the disease and mistake it for something less serious. Or there could be others who think their symptoms are minor, and not worth bringing up. So, for Jania, communicating with others about her diagnosis is key. “Having severe asthma [flare-ups] in some cases looks very similar to being out of shape,” she said. “But this is a chronic illness that I was born with. This is just something that I live with that I've been dealing with. And I think it's important for people to know because that determines the next steps. [They might ask] ‘Do you need a bottle of water, or do you need an inhaler? Do you need to take a break, or do we need to take you to the hospital?’ So, I think letting the people around you know what's going on, just in case anything were to happen plays a lot into it as well.”
Like Juanita, Jania’s journey has been marked by ups and downs, but she remains an unwavering advocate for asthma awareness and support within the Black community. She hopes that her story can be an inspiration to other women with asthma who may not yet have their symptoms under control. “There's still life to be lived outside of having severe asthma. It is always going to be there, but it's not meant to stop you from living your life. That’s why learning how to manage it and also having that support system around you, is so important.”
By sharing their journeys, Juanita and Jania hope to encourage others to embrace their conditions, obtain a proper management plan from a doctor or asthma specialist like a pulmonologist or allergist, and contribute to the improvement of asthma awareness and support, not only within the Black community, but for all individuals living with severe asthma.
Read more stories from others like Juanita and Jania on Amgen.com, or visit Uncontrolled Asthma In Black Women | BREAK THE CYCLE to find support and resources.
Ah yes. The holiday season. As far as (romantic) relationships go, it’s the time of year when people get engaged the most. Interestingly enough, because a lot of people don’t like to “rock the boat” too much during Christmastime, January is when divorces are filed the most often.
And honestly, in a roundabout way, it’s for both of these reasons that I think that, when you’re dating (especially seriously dating) someone, I believe that this is the time of year when you should especially take note of certain things. Because if there’s one time of year when you can get a real peep into what your future with someone could very possibly be like — between Thanksgiving and New Year’s would definitely be it.
Don’t believe me? Keep reading and I think that you’ll see exactly where I am coming from.
If They’re a “Holiday Person” or Not
After almost two decades of working with couples, if there are three things that get totally underestimated during the dating process it’s sexual compatibility, having different faith mindsets, and how folks view holidays. And while the first two may make all of the sense in the world to you, if that last one is something that you think is no biggie — you are potentially setting yourself up for years of unnecessary stress, drama, and/or disappointment, if you don’t ponder how this can very much so become problematic.
Shoot, even on a friendship level, I had a friend who was pretty much obsessed with Christmas. I don’t observe holidays so, whenever she’d want me to come over for Christmas movies, loud Christmas music, and the baking of Christmas cookies and I passed or was less than enthusiastic, she was low-key triggered. That’s because a lot of people have many emotional things wrapped up into the holiday season: childhood memories, certain teachings, and sentimental expectations.
Anyway, if you’re someone who counts down to Christmas, your partner couldn’t care less and somehow you think that it will be smooth sailing for the rest of your life to be with someone like that — I’ll just say that I’ve had some clients who have ultimately broken up over that very issue. It’s because one felt overlooked while the other felt that they were being dramatic. And since Christmas — hell, all holidays — circle around every year…years of this led to a build-up of stress and resentment.
Moral to the story: might as well figure out now where both of you stand and, if you’re not on the same page of interest or enthusiasm, if there is room for compromise before jumping any broom.
If They’re Proactive or Reactive
Although I don’t do holidays, I don’t know if it’s the Gemini in me or what but I am all-the-way-live about my birthday. That said, I once had a boyfriend who, while he was a nice guy, he absolutely sucked when it came to celebrating the one day that I actually care about. I mean, he was horrible at it. The reason he gave was his birthday wasn’t that big of a deal — and you know what? I absolutely don’t get what that has to do with me. Yeah, it’s kind of another article for another time that you should make sure that your partner isn’t so selfish that they think you should not expect certain things from them just because they’re not interested in them. Anyway, because this was his mindset, I can’t count one time when he was proactive about my birthday. Now, once he realized that either my feelings were hurt or I was irritated, here he would come with some sort of semi-plan — but why did it take that for him to show up for something that happens the same time annually? *le sigh*
The silver lining on this point is, that he’s the reason why I tell people all of the time to make sure that they pay attention to whether or not their partner is proactive vs. reactive during the dating process. What I mean by that is, do they think about what would bring a smile to your face all on their own or do they only do things to get out of the “dog house” on the back end?
And if holidays matter to you, there is no better time to pay close attention to this particular point: Are they offering to help with shopping or wrapping? Have they planned dates to get your mind off of potential holiday stress? Have they asked you to set aside time for them whether it’s during Christmas or in time for New Year’s? Or has it been crickets the entire time?
My late fiancé was a proactive man. I mean, even when I had a cold, this man would have flowers, orange juice, and meds waiting for me at my dorm (yep, even at that young of an age, he was on it). It’s one of the things that “sold” me to the concept of forever with him. People who move proactively have you on their minds and like to show it.
Reactive people are always trying to fix what could’ve been avoided…if they had only been proactive in the first place. BIG DIFFERENCE. And yes, the holidays typically tend to amplify all of this.
How Their Love Language Translates
There is a wife in my life who once said something to me that I have shared before on this platform and I definitely make a point to share with all of my clients at one point or another. After a few decades of marriage and watching how her husband is reactive in many ways, I inquired how it made her feel. What she said was truly a mic drop moment: “I know that he loves me. He just doesn’t nourish or cherish me well.” She’s pulling that from Scripture: “So husbands ought to love their own wives as their own bodies; he who loves his wife loves himself. For no one ever hated his own flesh, but nourishes and cherishes it, just as the Lord does the church.” (Ephesians 5:28-29 — NKJV)
One definition of nourish is “sustain with food or nutriment.” Her husband is a good provider, so I know what she meant was more in the lane of synonyms like cultivate, tend to, and comfort. He’s just not the “go above and beyond” kind of man.
As far as cherish, that means that someone “to care for tenderly; nurture.”
When it comes to your own relationship, one way that your own partner can nourish and cherish you is by speaking your love language (physical touch, words of affirmation, quality time, acts of service, gifts) — and the holiday season is a great time for them to do that. Even if they don’t have a ton of money, they can take you out on dates that have your love language in mind (check out “15 Date Ideas Based On Your Love Language”). And while they’re doing that, you too can be figuring out how to become more fluent in the love language that they tend to resonate with the most.
Since December is reportedly the most romantic time of the year, if a man is gonna show up in this particular area, it’s usually gonna be now or bust. And that brings me to my next point.
If They’re Romantic
I’m working with a client right now who is the absolute worst when it comes to romance. In his mind, if it’s not practical, it makes no sense to do it — whatever “it” may be. Because he’s a good husband in other areas, his wife has learned how to go without it; however, she has shared with me that if she could do things over again, she would’ve not married someone who didn’t have one romantic bone in his body because it has caused her to feel less appreciated than she thought that going without it would.
And just what does it mean to be a romantic individual? A very simple word encapsulates it pretty well: wooing. It’s what someone does to receive the — or when you’re in a relationship, more of the — affection, attention, admiration, and love of someone else.
Now we already know that one of the reasons why some people can seem romantic on the front end and then it falls off later is because they will amp up the “wooing” during dating and courtship and then get very comfortable after marriage. However, when someone is naturally romantic, more times than not, that isn’t the case. I know some husbands who are “strong wooers” to this day and it’s all because they are hard-wired to show their wives how much they mean to them on a pretty consistent basis.
Now, it’s another article for another time that it’s easier for a man to be romantic when women are wooing back (y’all ready to talk about that yet?). For instance, let’s not act like Valentine’s Day ain’t coming up soon and some of y’all think that it’s only about what you should be receiving and not also giving in return (sex is not a present, by the way). Yet the bottom line with this point is — watch if he woos or turns up the wooing. If he doesn’t and that really and truly bothers you, don’t ignore those feelings. “Forever” is a long time to go without getting something that you need and if romance is one of those things…take that very seriously.
(The husband I talked about has a hella surprise for his wife before the holidays are over, by the way. Counseling works! If there’s trouble in your relationship right now…get some.)
How They Are with Money
Did you know that, reportedly, 25 percent of people are still trying to get rid of the debt that they received from holiday shopping last year? Yeah, that’s not good. And since financial stress, drama, and trauma continue to be a leading cause of why marriages end, you both need to pay attention to how y’all act in the mall and with your credit cards online right about now. Are either one of you impulsive spenders? Do either one of you take the attitude of “spend now, worry later”? This is a great time to talk about if you both are good at budgeting if you both have savings accounts (with actual money in it), and if you both use credit cards for emergencies more than anything else.
Since money is something that is an uncomfortable topic for a lot of people, it’s no shocker that many couples end up totally blindsided in marriage because they didn’t know certain things about how their partner got down when it comes to coins. Shoot, you’d be amazed by how many folks get up in arms whenever I ask them to show their partner their credit report during premarital sessions — umm, you’re going to be married to them. You don’t think they’re gonna eventually find out anyway? (What in the world?)
A lot of money moves around during the holiday season. This means that if there is a time when it doesn’t seem quite so “Why do you need to know that?” when it comes to spending habits and money mindsets, this would be it. Take advantage of it. The more you know about their money moves, the more clarity you’ll have about whether they’re a good fit for you — or not. Ask every divorced person you know how right I am on this one. They’ll tell you.
What Their Family Dynamic Is Like
Family. Whew, chile. I remember when a guy — a guy who is now divorced, mind you — used to very arrogantly say, “I didn’t marry my wife’s family. I married her.” And while “leaving and cleaving” (Genesis 2:24-25) should indeed be a focus in any marriage, if you think that the person who you’re going to spend the rest of your life with will not have their relatives impact you on some level… “delusional” is a kind word for me to use. Listen, even if they are estranged from their family or their loved ones are deceased, the influence of those dynamics is still going to have a direct effect on you, one way or another.
That said, since most people are not in those “exclusive clubs,” if you are going to spend, at least a part of the holiday with your bae’s people, you need to pay close attention to how things go down. How folks communicate. If boundaries are respected. How you are spoken to and treated. What the family traditions are and if you are comfortable with them. If you see any red flags, that could make it difficult for you to interact with his family moving forward — and these are just a few examples of where I am coming from.
You know, it’s interesting. Although a leading cause for divorce continues to be what I just stated (finances), I semi-recently read a Forbes article that said the lack of family support is climbing up the ladder for why so many marriages are falling apart. This means that the whole “you and me against the world” mindset is slowly becoming more challenging to maintain because, some folks are realizing that, even when it comes to sustaining a marriage, it can “take a village” as far as having a solid support and encouragement system goes.
Now, can a marriage survive when there is familial conflict? So long as both people have really healthy boundaries, sure. Yet why would you choose to have that kind of relationship if you can be with someone where there is peace and harmony instead? And so, if the two of you are gonna be with either or both of your people this holiday season, pay close attention to the family dynamics and interactions. Family will always reveal a lot. I’ve dodged some major bullets by taking this point to heart. Boy, do I have some testimonies!
How Open They Are to Compromise
Even with all that I just said, there is gonna be at least one of these categories where you both are going to have to be at least a little bit flexible — and that’s why I’m going to close this article out on that point. Some people are so “me-centered” that they don’t want a relationship; they want someone who is gonna be their hype man or hype woman…nothing more. And someone who isthat selfish? That is someone who needs to remain single.
And what does selfishness look like? Just for safe measure?
- Selfish people only care about their feelings, wants, and needs.
- Selfish people are poor listeners.
- Selfish people like to manipulate in order to get their way.
- Selfish people make plans that involve you without consulting with you first.
- Selfish people never know how to “go with the flow;” in other words, they are inflexible.
- Selfish people take more than they give.
- Selfish people like to hog all of the attention.
- Selfish people are not considerate of other people’s perspectives.
- Selfish people can’t take feedback and tend to not hold themselves accountable.
- Selfish people are self-consumed.
And if you think that you can build a strong, healthy, and lasting relationship with someone like that? Chile, I don’t see how — or more importantly, why you would even want to.
Listen, NOTHING reveals selfishness quite like the holidays do. So, definitely take this final point to heart. No matter how much you care about someone, if they are showing all kinds of signs of being a selfish individual, that’s typically not something that you can just “love away.” Remember that selfishness is about getting more…so if your partner shows himself to be hella selfish over the next several days, it might be time to do some slowing down NOT speeding up the relationship.
Enjoy this holiday season, sis. Just make sure to use it as the “magnifying glass” that it is.
The good that you see — awesome.
The challenges that you see — do not ignore them.
The holidays are trying to do you a solid. Thank them for it.
They’ve actually got you…more than you know.
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Today's read (12 minutes):
- Is a Copper Crisis on the horizon?
- Why are Banks and Private Equity firms investing in Family Homes?
- Colombia and Venezuela border re-opens
- Case: Herbert Smith Freehills and DAC Beachcroft advise on ponzi-scheme insurance claim
- Deal: Travers Smith acts on Fraser offer for MySale
- Answers to your questions!
Is a Copper Crisis on the horizon?
A massive shortfall in the supply of copper could arise in a couple of years' time. This slump could hold back global growth, and raise manufacturing costs for a metal that is used in everything from computer chips to electric vehicles.
Global mining output is already dropping, and is expected to become dangerously low in the near future as producers hold back on investment.
Recently, mining giant Newmont cancelled plans for a $2 billion gold and copper project in Peru. Freeport-McMoRan, the world's biggest publicly traded copper supplier, has warned that prices are now “insufficient” to support new investments.
The issue is not limited to just companies. In Chile, the nation that’s long been the world’s largest supplier of copper, revenue from copper exports is falling because of production struggles.
The problem is that just as the copper supply falls, its demand is expected to continue to grow. A study by S&P Global predicts that as the world goes electric, net-zero emission goals will double demand for copper to 50 million metric tons annually by 2035. BloombergNEF estimates that demand will increase by more than 50% from 2022 to 2040.
Some analysts suggest that the demand for copper may also depend on the outlook for demand from China, the world’s biggest metals consumer. If China’s property sector shrinks significantly, that's structurally less copper demand. This could off-set some of the growing demand, but we can expect the deficit in supply to be caused by governments' need to meet net-zero goals.
Meanwhile, mine supply growth will peak by around 2024, with a number of new unfinished projects in the works and existing sources drying up. This could cause a deficit of as much as 10 million tons in 2035, according to the S&P Global research. In 2021 the global deficit came in at 441,000 tons. That was enough to send prices jumping about 25% that year.
Does Copper really matter?
In short, yes! The metal is considered the benchmark for conducting electricity, and it is also key to green initiatives. Millions of feet of copper wiring will be crucial to strengthening the world’s power grids, and tons will be needed to build wind and solar farms. Electric vehicles use more than twice as much copper as gasoline-powered cars.
How does this impact law firms' clients?
- Clients are struggling with higher production costs, and are avoiding investing into new projects. This is causing a slump in supply both in the short and long term.
If a supply deficit occurs, clients in a vast range of sectors will be heavily affected by the rising price of copper. This could be anyone from microchip producers, to electric vehicle companies, and air-conditioning businesses.
Goldman Sachs estimates that miners need to spend about $150 billion in the next decade to solve an 8 million-ton deficit. BloombergNEF predicts that by 2040 the mined-output gap could reach 14 million tons, which would have to be filled by recycling metal. The benchmark London Metal Exchange price is expected to almost double to an annual average of $15,000 a ton in 2025, from its current value of approximately $7,690 a. ton.
Client also have to deal with soaring inflation which is further driving up the cost of production. That means the average incentive price, or the value needed to make mining attractive, is now roughly 30% higher than it was 2018 at about $9,000 a ton.
Clients in this sector also know that increasing the supply of copper is neither easy nor quick. It takes at least 10 years to develop a new mine and get it running. This means that the decisions producers are making today will help determine supplies for at least a decade.
New projects would also require a large amount of investment capital to kickstart the process. Due to the current economic uncertainty many producers are holding off from embarking on risky investments into new mines, and would rather use cash flow for returns to their investors.
How does this impact law firms?
- Law firms can expect to advise on contractual issues for the supply of copper, disputes due to failed supply, and on regulatory approvals for new mines.
- Top Departments: Commercial, Corporate, Litigation, Regulatory.
Law firms will be asked to advise on quality requirements which form part of mining supply contracts. This type of advice will become increasingly prevalent since at mature mines, the quality of ore is already deteriorating. This means that output either falls or more rock has to be processed to produce the same amount.
Additionally, the industry’s pipeline of committed projects is running dry. New deposits are getting trickier and pricier to both find and develop. In Peru and Chile, which together account for more than a third of global output, some mining investments have stalled, partly amid regulatory uncertainty as politicians seek a greater portion of profits to resolve economic inequalities.
Law firm will also be required to advise on the regulatory side of mining, and particularly on the process of securing approvals for new projects. Copper is a crucial resource for a greener world, but digging it out of the earth can harm the environment. Governments worldwide are heightening their scrutiny of environmental and social issues, and this will make getting approvals for new projects much harder.
As copper supply decreases, the supply of scraps can be a solution to help fill mine-production gaps, especially as prices rise. This will drive more recycled metals to appear in the market. Recycled production will come to represent about 22% of the total refined copper market by 2035, up from about 16% in 2021, S&P Global estimates. Law firms may be asked to assist on drafting supply contracts consisting of scrap supply, and negotiating contracts based on the supply of copper to include provisions for the replacement with scrap supply.
What Trend can we see here?
The results from the supply issues we mentioned above will largely be felt in the long term. The world is becoming more electrified, with the increasing demand for anything from micro-chips to electric vehicles. These, matched with the ambitions of governments' worldwide to achieve net zero targets will prop up the demand for copper to new heights.
Once this growing demand meets the slowing supply of copper, producers will face huge challenges and the cost of copper may rise exponentially causing issue for anyone that relies on this metal. As mentioned, the problem is that supplies can't be easily rectified. Mines take a long time (10 years) to be made operational, which means the actions of parties now are set to have an impact on this sector for a decade.
Why are Banks and Private Equity firms investing in Family Homes?
Private equity firms and big banks have been investing heavily in single family residential homes. Despite a slight slow-down in recent times due to the current economic uncertainty, this is set to be a long-term trend to watch for the property market and law firms.
The boom in investment in single family homes is mainly due to the extremely attractive return on investment rate they offer. In the US, between 2016 and 2021, annual returns from family rentals (of 21%) have outperformed those of housing for old folk (7%), offices (5%), shopping malls (-1%) and even apartments (12%). In the past decade, the value of homes owned by institutions has doubled to $4.7trn, a figure that towers over the estimated value of America’s offices, at $1.9trn.
The trend has also spread to Europe. Investors such as Aviva and Legal & General are building thousands of rental homes across Britain, which now has more than 73,000 “build to rent” properties. Institutional investors are also buying up property in Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands and the Nordic markets, which have high shares of renters.
We have seen a slight pull-back in recent times as institutional investors evaluate the current uncertainty but the trend is set to continue in the longer term. Home Partners of America, the single-family landlord owned by Blackstone said it will stop buying homes in 38 US cities, however it highlighted it would resume purchasing homes in these markets in the future.
What’s behind the boom?
One explanation is that ageing millennials offer a growing market. As they approach their late 30s and early 40s many want better schools for their children or space for pets. In the US, population growth in this age category will nearly double over the next five years. In England, the proportion of those aged 55 to 64 who are renting has almost doubled since 2011.
The ever-growing cost of buying a house is another crucial factor. Those unable to buy homes have little choice but to rent, meaning landlords are confident of their ability to find and keep new tenants, especially for entry-level homes. In the US, rents for family homes rose by more than 13% in June compared with a year earlier. In Orlando, they were up by 23%. In Miami, by more than a third.
How does this impact law firms' clients?
- Clients in this sector will be keen to capitalise on opportunities in this real estate sector, whilst managing costs and current economic uncertainty.
Clients such as private equity firms, or banks will be looking to capitalise on this trend and continue to invest in the residential market to build a solid property portfolio.
However, this process does not come without challenges. Inflation means the cost of renovating and maintaining homes is rising. Invitation Homes says the amount it spent on these things rose by nearly 8% in the second quarter of this year. Construction costs have also risen, posing risk for investors building from scratch. Prices for building materials, including concrete, lumber and steel, have surged by 38% since the start of 2020. Interest-rate rises are another worry; as the market softens, investors are taking a more cautious approach. Home Partners of America, owned by Blackstone, announced in August that it would pause home purchases in 38 cities, markets that represent 5% of its activity.
Landlord clients will also have to contend with the impact of economic cycles on their pricing. Indeed, rents are unlikely to continue to climb at a record pace. However, history suggests that residential rents are more resilient than those from other property types, especially in periods when supply is tight. From 1974 to 1985, another period of high inflation, rents actually increased by 7-12% a year, notes Jay Parsons, an economist at RealPage, a data firm. Even as homebuyer demand crashed during the global financial crisis, demand from residential tenants did not waver. Although the housing splurge of institutional investors may calm a bit, it is unlikely to cease
How does this impact law firms?
- Law firms can advise on the process of acquiring land, constructing developments, managing houses, and compliance with new regulations for these institutional investors.
- Top Departments: Real Estate, Commercial, Corporate, Construction, Regulatory.
There is plenty of room for further expansion. In America, real-estate investment trusts (REITS) own just 1% of single-family rentals, compared with 5-10% of offices and warehouses, 15% of housing for old people and 50% of shopping malls. Law firms will be instructed to advise on the contractual and corporate side of these investments. These can range from private equity investments to organising joint ventures for investment in this space, re-structuring shareholdings of property companies, or even advising on acquisition of smaller property owner companies to expand the portfolio of institutional investors.
Law firms will also be asked to advise on earlier stages of this process such as the construction of the housing developments to be offered for rent. Big investors are already starting to build more, rather than just buying up existing stock. Last year, they built a record 7,705 family units, up from an average of 5,500 in 2015-20. By 2030, institutions are expected to have amassed 7.6m homes, more than two-fifths of all family rentals. This could include advise from real estate lawyers on the acquisition of land to build on, and from construction lawyers on securing permits and structuring the construction process of the development.
Law firms may also advise on the management side of renting. This can include negotiating supplier contracts to deal with the maintenance of the property, advising on enforcing terms where a supplier fails to deliver, and potentially employment contracts if the clients decide to onboard their own staff to do the maintenance work. The largest institutions hold tens of thousands of properties, which are offered renovated and have constant maintenance. For example, Invitation Homes says it spends an average of $39,000 fixing up each one, kitting them out with new flooring, upgraded plumbing and the latest tech, such as video doorbells and smart locks.
The drafting and negotiation of maintenance, and improvement contracts is crucial for clients in this space, as it allows them to attract richer tenants. Between 2010 and 2018, those with incomes of above $75,000 accounted for three-quarters of the growth in renters. Covid-19 accelerated this, as bidding wars forced high-earners to rent. Invitation Homes says its residents now have an annual household income of above $131,000, nearly twice the country’s median.
The trend toward corporate investors scooping up houses has produced a backlash in some cities, where affordable housing advocates have argued that the trend is cutting into the supply of for-sale homes, making homeownership more difficult to achieve. They are calling for greater regulation of that segment of the market, including purchasing restrictions and rent control. This could create additional opportunities for law firms to advise on the regulatory aspects of investing in residential housing, and on complying with any restrictions that are imposed.
Did you know?
The important South American border between Colombia and Venezuela fully re-opened on Monday. Vehicles carrying passengers and goods will be able to cross between the two countries for the first time since 2019.
The border was shut when Colombia’s then-president, Iván Duque, refused to recognise Nicolás Maduro as Venezuela’s leader after disputed elections in 2018. The election in June of Gustavo Petro, a leftist, as Colombia’s president has improved relations. Flights will also resume.
The opening should help both economies. Exports from Colombia to Venezuela, such as palm oil, were only worth $331m last year. Colombia’s trade minister reckons the figure could reach $1.2bn this year—double previous estimates. But that relies on Venezuela’s fragile economic recovery continuing. Colombia’s exports to Venezuela had already fallen after Venezuela’s economic collapse in 2014. And the neighbours will also have to tackle gang activity and rampant smuggling across the border.
Top Court Case:
Vistra Group Holdings has settled with its insurers, Zurich Insurance, over a lawsuit in which it sought to be indemnified for costs for suits accusing it of being negligent when auditing a business involved in a $1 billion Ponzi scheme. Vistra had alleged that Zurich and 29 other insurers wrongly refused to pay out for costs it ran up over lawsuits accusing it of wrongdoing while it was working for DC Solar Solutions Inc., the U.S. renewable energy business involved in the fraud. Vistra and other companies in its group had taken out professional liability, management liability and crime insurance policies with Zurich to cover them between July 2019 and June 2020.
Vistra became the target of lawsuits over auditing work done by a company it acquired (Montage) for DC Solar Solutions even though it did not buy Montage's continuing auditing operations.DC Solar manufactured and sold mobile solar generator units, but became a Ponzi scheme in which older investors were paid off with new investors' funds, U.S. authorities said. The company had defrauded investors out of more than $1 billion by the time the scheme ended.
Herbert Smith Freehills represented Vistra Group. DAC Beachcroft represented the defendants.
Frasers Group said on Monday that it will make a mandatory £14 million cash offer for MySale, after securing receiving irrevocable commitments from Jackson Family Capital that it will sell its shares to the U.K. group, which owns retail chains Sports Direct and House of Fraser. The owner's shareholding will increase Frasers Group's holding to 48.5% of the voting rights in MySale. Under Rule 9 of the U.K. Takeover Code compels Frasers Group to make an offer for MySale because the shareholding will amount to more than 30%.
Travers Smith advised MySale.
Answering your questions!
Q: Why does the pound keep dropping in value? Does it have to do with the recent mini-budget or is it just the uncertainty in the economy? Thank you, Ludo! - Holly (London, UK)
Ludo: The pound dropped against the dollar testing $1.04, bringing it extremely close to a parity of value. There are two main reasons for this. Firstly, the drop was mainly caused by a sell-off on Friday after the Chancellor announced the mini-Budget. Secondly, the pounds has been weakened by the growing strength of the dollar which investors are seeing as a safe haven. Other currencies like the euro and the Japanese yen have experienced similar declines against the dollar.
The drop in the pound suggest that investors are not confident in the UK economy's ability to recover. This is emphasised by the five-year British yields rising from .5% at the beginning of August to above 4.5% now. A rising yield indicates falling demand for British bonds, and lower investor confidence in the economy.
The most simple explanation for the sell-off is that investors do not believe that the government’s tax cuts will lead to the real economic growth Kwasi Kwarteng wants. Instead, they expect higher inflation that the Bank of England will be unwilling to fully offset with interest-rate increases. Currency analysts at the Bank of America have suggested that a combination of Britain’s changing fiscal stance and the long-running effects of its decision to leave the European Union have led to a profound rethink of the pound by investors. That leaves the currency more vulnerable in the years ahead.
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China in July: Weather, Top Places to Visit & Travel Tips
In July, the hot sun is baking the land, and most parts of China are entering the height of summer. Students take their summer holidays in July and August. Travel this month, cool, picturesque and family-friendly summer resort destinations certainly rank high. Check the detailed climate, temperature and weather tips in China in July and inspire yourself by checking the top 10 destinations for summer vacation in China in July and plan your China summer tour in 2024.
China in July: Weather, Climate & What to Wear
In July, the temperature in most parts of China is above 20℃, and in many parts of the south it is above 28 ℃. Xinjiang's Turpan Basin, with an average temperature of 32℃ to 35℃ in July, is the hot center of China's summer. Except for the high altitude areas such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, high temperature are common throughout the country, and there is little difference in temperature between north and south, which is the characteristic of temperature distribution in China in July. In July, the overall precipitation in central and eastern China increased significantly, with short-term heavy rainfall in some areas and severe convective weather such as thunderstorms and gales in some areas. At the same time, parts of southern China and areas south of the Yangtze River, such as Fujian province, Zhejiang Province and Taiwan, etc. may be affected by typhoons in July.
What to Wear - It is recommended to wear cotton and linen fabric shirts, thin dresses, thin shirts and other cool and breathable clothes in July. For those who are planning to visit northeast China, northwest China and high altitude areas like Tibet, Xinjiang, Qinghai, West Sichuan, etc. can take a thin coat with you and sunglasses, hats and sunscreen are essential for traveling to high altitude areas in July. If you're traveling in the South or Southeast China, such as visiting Shanghai, Hong Kong, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Guilin, Chengdu and Yunnan, etc. Carry an umbrella in case of sudden rainstorms.
(Notice: Summer vacation in China is usually in July and August, about 50 days.)
|Weather & Climate
|Beijing, Xian (Shaanxi), Shandong, Luoyang (Henan), Pingyao (Shanxi) and other places
Rainy Days: 3-5 Days; 8-10 Days
Northern China is mainly in the temperate climate zone with monsoon and continental climate. The temperature difference between day and night is around 10℃. There are more rainy days in the coastal areas and less inland. For example, rainy days in Beijing in July are 3-5 days, but 8-10 rainy days in coastal areas in Shandong. In July, winds are generally light in the north.
|Shanghai, Huangshan (Anhui), Hangzhou(Zhejiang), Suzhou (Jiangsu), Nanjing and other places
Rainy Days: 3-10 Days
Most of southeast China belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate zone. The average temperature of cities is almost the same, with an average temperature around 30℃. Compared with June, the precipitation decreases in July in southeast China. There are more sunny days, but travelers are still suggested to bring rain gear when visiting the area.
|Guilin (Guangxi), Zhangjiajie (Hunan) and other places
Rainy Days: 15 Days; 3-8 Days
Both Guilin and Zhangjiajie have a subtropical monsoon climate. Summer in Guilin and Zhangjiajie is hot and sunny and the rainfall is abundant. In July, the main precipitation forms in Guilin are moderate, heavy or torrential rain. Compared with Guilin, Zhangjiajie has fewer days of rainfall, about 3-8 days. And the form of precipitation is mainly heavy rain with short duration.
|Sichuan, Chongqing, Yunnan, Guizhou and other places
Rainy Days: over 15 Days
Most areas of Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou provinces belong to the subtropical monsoon climate zone, while the higher altitude areas belong to the alpine plateau climate zone. The average temperatures in Chongqing, Chengdu and east Sichuan are pretty much the same from 22℃ to 32℃. Guizhou and Yunnan are the top two provinces to escape summer heat with the average temperature from 16℃ to 25℃ in July. The Western Sichuan Plateau and Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau are both high altitude areas with an average temperature of 10℃~20℃. Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou all have heavy rainfall in July, with rain almost half of the time. An umbrella is a must for tourists who are planning to visit here.
|Gansu, Xinjiang, Ningxia and other places
Rainy Days: 2-6 Days
Most of the provinces and cities in this region are in the temperate continental climate zone. This area is deep inland. The climate in July is characterized by a large temperature difference between day and night, less precipitation, sunny days, heavy wind and sand, and strong ultraviolet. If you have the intention to visit the deserts, gobi and other places, it is recommended to bring sunblocks, sunglasses, dusk masks and other dust prevention stuff.
|Southern Coastal China
|Hong Kong, Guangzhou (Guangdong), Shenzhen, Macau, Hainan, Xiamen and other places
Rainy Days: over 15 Days
Most of the region belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate zone, partially belonging to the tropical monsoon climate zone. The temperature is generally high. In July, the southern coastal areas have a lot of precipitation, mostly in the form of moderate rain, heavy rain or thunderstorms. Fujian provinces and Taiwan may be affected by typhoons in July.
|Harbin (Heilongjiang), Jilin, Shenyang (Liaoning) and other places
Rainy Days: 8-10 Days
Most of Northeast China belongs to the temperate monsoon climate zone. The summer is warm and rainy. Precipitation usually occurs in the form of showers or thundershowers.
Rainy Days: 8-20 Days
Most areas of Qinghai and Tibet are located on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which belongs to the plateau mountain climate zone. In July, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau rainfall is more frequent, mainly light rain and moderate rain. Remember to take an umbrella when you go out.
Rainy Days: 8-15 Days
Inner Mongolia has a wide range of regions, most of which belong to the temperate continental climate. The east and northeast part are mostly grasslands, while the west part is mostly deserts and gobis. In July, there is abundant rainfall in the grassland area, mostly light rain or showers.
Places to Visit in July: Top Destinations & Highlights in China in July
Starting in July, temperatures are soaring, most parts of China enter the hot summer mode and summer tourism has also entered the peak season. Therefore, it is very important for visitors to choose a place that is quiet and cool in order to have a pleasant summer vacation in China. So besides the must-visit cities in China like Beijing, Xi’an and Shanghai, where are the best places to visit in China in July? If you haven't decided where to go yet, we have picked 10 of the best places to go in China in July. Continue to read the following passages to inspire your China summer tour in July 2024!
No.1 : Guizhou (Guiyang & Anshun)
- Enjoy a Cool Summer in Guiyang and Admire the Magnificent Huangguoshu Waterfall
• Temperature: 20℃-27℃
Guiyang has neither extreme heat in summer nor severe cold in winter. The average temperature of the hottest period in late July is only 24℃. There are many scenic spots and historical sites in the downtown area and suburbs of Guiyang, with strong ethnic customs and unique residential buildings. Famous attractions include Qianling Park, Jiaxiu Tower, Wenchang Pavilion and Flower Creek Park, etc. All the Chinese and foreign tourists who have been to Guiyang speak highly of the city as a unique summer resort.
The comfort period in Anshun is even one month longer than that in the "Summer Capital" Guiyang. Huangguoshu Waterfall is definitely the first choice and July is also the best time to visit Huangguoshu Waterfall when it is at its most spectacular. The Dragon Palace in Anshun is said to be the place with the lowest natural radiation in the world, and the over 600-year-old Tianlong Tunpu Complex is definitely worth visiting. Summer in Anshun is so cool and colorful, with karst caves, waterfalls, opera and historic sites, definitely going to be a significant summer travel experience.
Best Guiyang Huangguoshu Waterfall Tour: ☛ 3 Days Guiyang City Tour with Huangguoshu Waterfall
No.2: Inner Mongolia
- Flocks and Herds Appear as Grass Bends to Wind
• Temperature: 18℃-30℃
July is the most beautiful season in Xilingol, Inner Mongolia. Besides the vast grassland scenery, the Nadam Fair (start on the fourth day of the sixth lunar month, and would last 5 days.) held at this time is also very eye-catching. If you pursue excitement, you can drive a car across the Hunshadake Sandy Land. If you prefer romance, you can enjoy the golden lotus flowers in full bloom on the Jinlian River, or watch the stunning grassland sunset on Pingdingshan. Once you arrived here, you will be amazed by the pure and cotton candy-like clouds and the vast blue sky on the grassland, and also be infatuated with the fresh flavor of milk tea and hand-served mutton.
Best Inner Mongolia Grassland Tour: ☛ 5 Days Inner Mongolia Grassland & Desert Tour
- Deep Inland Azure Ocean-like Vast Lake Surrounding by Golden Flower Rings
• Temperature: 12℃-26℃
Qinghai Lake, which means "blue sea" in Tibetan, is the largest inland lake in China. Qinghai is named for its clear blue water and vast surface like the sea. Qinghai Lake is most beautiful in early July, when the cole flowers in the south have faded, while the rapeseed flowers around the lake here are gorgeous.
The coils of golden are scattered around the periphery of boundless blue waves, plus alpine pastures with colorful wildflowers, countless laid-back cattles and sheep dotted on the land. Flocks of birds play here, creating the simplest of beauties, and it is the simplest of beauties that has the real power of nature. Qinghai Lake is generous and tolerant, embrace all with its unique expanse, roughness, simplicity and tranquility.
Best Qinghai Cole Flower Tour: ☛ 3 Days Qinghai Short Stay Tour
No.4: Yangtze River Cruise
- Three Gorges Scenery and Luxury Leisure Cruise Experience
• Temperature: 27℃-34℃
The Three Gorges of the Yangtze River is located on the main stream of the Yangtze River between Chongqing City and Hubei Province of China, starting from White Emperor City in Fengjie County of Chongqing City in the west and ending at Nanjinguan in Yichang City of Hubei Province in the east, with a total length of 193 km. The Three Gorges consists of three sections: Qutang Gorge, Wu Gorge and Xiling Gorge. It is the quintessence of the Yangtze River and the treasure of the mountains and rivers in China. It has been shining with fascinating brilliance through the ages. The Three Gorges is one of the most famous scenic spots in China as well as the world. Sightseeing the Three Gorges by Yangtze River Cruise in summer is comfortable and pleasant. The canyons and landscapes are breathtaking in July. If lucky, you may also have a chance to see the spectacular view of the Three Gorges Dam releasing water. Find a Cruise Now!!!
Best Yangtze River Cruise Tour: ☛ 4 Days Chongqing Essence Tour with Yangtze Cruise
- Falling into the Embrace of Nature
• Temperature: 9℃-22℃
Zhangjiajie, located in the northwest of Hunan Province, is a world-famous tourist destination with picturesque scenery and is suitable for traveling all year round. July is the month with the clearest sky in Zhangjiajie. It may be a little hot in the city, but the temperature in the scenic area is generally 4-6℃ lower than that in the city, so the temperature is moderate. Countless wild flowers embellish the whole mountain with indescribable charm. Walking in the forest path, you can enjoy the natural fragrance of flowers, birds chirping and pure oxygen, which will let you unload the busy hustle and bustle of city life and completely fall into the embrace of nature.
Best Zhangjiajie Tour: ☛ 5 Days Amazing Zhangjiajie & Fenghuang Ancient Town Tour
- Enjoy Craggy Rocks under the Summer Light and Shadow
• Temperature: 24℃-31℃
The Yellow Mountain (Huangshan) is one of China's top ten famous summer mountains, and the average temperature in July is only 16-20℃ in the scenic area. Because of the coolness of Huangshan, a poem goes like this: Spring begins in April, but there is no summer all year round in Huangshan. Huangshan is not only a good place to escape summer heat, the scenery in the mountains is also extraordinary.
Huangshan has a total of 72 peaks, some majestic, some exquisite and some natural, therefore it’s also reputed as "the best mountain in the world". Tiandu Peak, Lotus Peak and Bright Peak are the three main peaks of the Yellow Mountain. They are all good places to watch the peculiar rocks, and there will be different scenes in different weather. As the saying goes, "It’s a range viewed in face and peaks viewed from the side; Assuming different shapes viewed from far and wide."
Best Huangshan Hiking Tour: ☛ 3 Days Huangshan Highlights Leisure Tour
No.7: Lijang & Shangri-La (Yunnan)
- Feel the Blend of Splendid Nature and Colorful Minority Culture
• Temperature: 16℃-24℃
Lijiang Old Town is the central town of Lijiang Naxi Autonomous County in Yunnan Province, located in the northwest of the province. The ancient city is located in the middle of the county, more than 2,400 meters above sea level. It is a famous destination in Yunnan with beautiful scenery, a long history and splendid culture. It is also a rare and well-preserved ancient city of ethnic minorities in China. The Black Dragon Pond and Blue Moon Valley are all suitable for exploring in summer.
Besides, if you have any vacation time left, you may continue your tour to Shangri-La. With Pudacuo National Park, Dukezong Ancient City, Ganden Sumtseling Monastery and Tiger Leaping Gorge, etc. The Tibetan area in Shangri-La boasts gorgeous natural scenery and abundant greenery in July. Located in the hinterland of "The Region of Three Parallel Rivers", it forms a unique landscape of melting snow mountains, canyons, grasslands, alpine lakes, primeval forests and ethnic customs.
Best Lijiang Shangri-La Tour: ☛ 5 Days Lijiang & Shangri-La Best Highlights Tour
- Best Time to Worship Sacred Lakes on Tibet Plateau
• Temperature: 12℃-24℃
With its suitable temperature and unique scenery of blue sky and white clouds, lofty snow-capped mountains and vast grasslands, Tibet has become an ideal summer vacation destination for many tourists... And the most astonishing and highlighted natural beauty in summer in Tibet are those holy lakes, colorful, full of legend and mystery, scattered all over the snow-covered plateau like stars in the sky or men on a chessboard.
In the hot July, when southern China is in the furnace, and the northern deserts are like steamers, these lakes in Tibet are becoming the best place to escape the summer heat. Wandering along the lake and enjoying the cool breeze blowing on your face, accompanied by the beautiful scenery. What a refreshing summer vacation!
Best Tibet Summer Tour: ☛ 5 Days Lhasa & Namtso Tour
- A Stunning Fresh Picture of Water Landscapes in Sichuan Province
• Temperature: 9℃-21℃
Jiuzhaigou is famous for its primitiveness and mystery. The natural scenery combines the beauty of lakes, waterfalls, snow-capped mountains and virgin forests, and has the reputation of "Wonderland in the Fairy Tale". Located in the valley of western Sichuan plateau, the temperature of Jiuzhaigou in July is pleasant. In July, Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area is surrounded by snow-capped peaks, emerald mountains and flowing water. As the temperature rises, the amount of water in the rivers and lakes increases a lot. At this time the waterfalls and the streams are the most charming, like flying beads and scattered jades, abnormal majestic and beautiful. The thousand-year old trees, exotic flowers and rare herbs in the forest, changing their color from time to time, colorful reflected on the water surface. Jiuzhaigou is an ideal place to enjoy the natural scenery in summer.
Best Jiuzhaigou Nature Tour: ☛ 3 Days Classic Jiuzhaigou Tour by Flight
- Best Mountain and Grassland Summer Resort near Beijing
• Temperature: 16℃-29℃
If you want to find a place to escape the summer heat in July, Chengde Summer Resort must be on the list. Summer here is cool, basically no hot period. Moreover, as the summer residence for the emperors of the Qing Dynasty of China, the architecture and landscape of the summer resort are very grand and magnificent. Together with the Summer Palace in Beijing, the Humble Administrator's Garden in Suzhou and the Lingering Garden, they are known as the four famous gardens in China.
Before or after the leisure break at the Chengde Summer Resort, Bashang Grassland is also worth visiting in July. Bashang Grassland is located in Fengning Manchu Autonomous County, Hebei Province, which is just north of Beijing. It is the closest natural grassland to Beijing, also known as "The No.1 Grassland in the North of Beijing". There is no intense heat in summer and the weather is cool and pleasant. The average temperature in July is only 24℃. It is the first choice for tourism, leisure and summer vacatio in northern China.
Best Chengde Summer Heat Escape Tour: ☛ 4 Days Bashang Grassland Unparalleled Landscape Tour from Beijing
Travel China in July with China Discovery
Feel trouble about your China July Tour planning? Why not travel with us China Discovery and let our professional Travel Consultants help you? And then you will get a worry-free trip and focus all your energy to sock in the highlights during the tour! Our experienced travel expert will help arrange your accommodation and plan your trip sincerely. And our English-speaking tour guide will accompany you all the way, show you the best travelling route, share interesting stories and introduce all highlights to you. Our local experienced drivers will escort you to the attractions with comfortable car directly with speed and safety.
The tour can be tailor-made according to your group size, time, physical condition, plan, interest, budget and every special need. Please feel free to contact us if you need any help!
Learn more about China Weather
- China Weather in June
- China Weather in August
- China Weather in Summer
- China Weather in Spring
- China Weather in Autumn
- China Weather in Winter
- China Weather
More Travel Articles for China Summer
- China Summer Places to Visit
- China Cool Places to Go in Summer
- Compare Zhangjiajie Huangshan Guilin Jiuzhaigou
- Top 6 Bamboo Seas in China
- Top 6 China's Beautiful Waterfalls
- China Summer Travel Photos
- Customers' Travel Stories of June
- Customers' Travel Stories of July
- Customers' Travel Stories of August
China Summer Tours
Recommended China Summer Tours
Top 3 China Summer tours chosen by most customers to explore China Summer in the best way. Check the detailed itinerary, or tailor your own trip now with us.
Chengdu / Leshan / Emei / Chengdu / Jiuzhaigou
Shanghai / Yichang / Yangtze Cruise / Chongqing / Guilin / Yangshuo / Xian / Beijing
Beijing / Xian / Chengdu / Yangtze Cruise / Zhangjiajie / Shanghai
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Introduction – Aroeste v. United States
Who you are is different from what you must do! Filing a 1040 instead of a 1040NR will NOT convert a treaty nonresident into a U.S. resident for tax purposes!!
Warning!! Warning!! Warning!!
Green Card holders who are “long term residents” and who file as “treaty non-residents” may be deemed to have expatriated and will be subjected to the exit tax rules to determine whether they are “covered expatriates”. Do NOT ever file as a treaty nonresident without proper advice.
(This does NOT seem to have been explored in the Aroeste case.)
The summary of Aroeste is found in the conclusion …
Based on the foregoing, the Court DENIES the Government’s motion for summary judgment and GRANTS IN PART AND DENIES IN PART Aroeste’s motion for summary judgment.
Specifically, the Court finds Aroeste is a United States person, but ceased to be treated as a lawful permanent resident of the United States because he commenced to be treated as a resident of Mexico under the Treaty, did not waive the benefits of such Treaty, and notified the Secretary of the commencement of such treatment. Thus, Aroeste is not subject to FBAR penalties. The Government must discharge Aroeste’s liability for penalties still outstanding for the non-filing of a FBAR for the years 2012 and 2013 pursuant to 31 U.S.C. § 5321, totaling $21,851.76, and must refund Aroeste’s payment of $3,004.
The Court further finds Aroeste untimely notified the Secretary of the commencement of treatment as a resident of Mexico, and thus is subject to penalties pursuant to I.R.C. § 6712(a) equal to $1,000 per failure to timely report his Treaty position, totaling $2,000 for 2012 and 2013. The Government may proceed accordingly in this later regard.
The Court ORDERS the Clerk of Court to CLOSE THIS CASE.
The purpose of this post is to compile both the Aroeste decision and the relevant provisions of the statutes, regulations and treaty in one place for easier reference.
In January of 2024 the U.S. Government announced that it would appeal the decision in Aroeste.
At present (subject to appeal) the Aroeste case stands for these principles:
1. A Green Card holder who is treated as a nonresident of a tax treaty who gives “notice to the Secretary” is NOT a “U.S. Person” for the purposes of the FBAR regulation 1010.350 and is NOT required to file an FBAR.
2. Notice can be given to the government retrospectively. In 2016 Mr. Aroeste notified the government that he was a treaty nonresident pursuant to 7701(b)(6) and the provisions of the U.S. Mexico Tax Treaty.
3. Filing the wrong kind of tax return. (1040 instead of 1040NR) does NOT waive the treaty benefits!
4. Notice 2009-85 may not be valid because of a failure to meet the APA requirements for notice and comment.
Al link to the Aroeste decision is here …
Part A – The FBAR Statute – 31 U.S.C. 5314
31 U.S. Code § 5314 – Records and reports on foreign financial agency transactions
(a) Considering the need to avoid impeding or controlling the export or import of monetary instruments and the need to avoid burdening unreasonably a person making a transaction with a foreign financial agency, the Secretary of the Treasury shall require a resident or citizen of the United States or a person in, and doing business in, the United States, to keep records, file reports, or keep records and file reports, when the resident, citizen, or person makes a transaction or maintains a relation for any person with a foreign financial agency. The records and reports shall contain the following information in the way and to the extent the Secretary prescribes:
(1) the identity and address of participants in a transaction or relationship.
(2) the legal capacity in which a participant is acting.
(3) the identity of real parties in interest.
(4) a description of the transaction.
(b) The Secretary may prescribe—
(1) a reasonable classification of persons subject to or exempt from a requirement under this section or a regulation under this section;
(2) a foreign country to which a requirement or a regulation under this section applies if the Secretary decides applying the requirement or regulation to all foreign countries is unnecessary or undesirable;
(3) the magnitude of transactions subject to a requirement or a regulation under this section;
(4) the kind of transaction subject to or exempt from a requirement or a regulation under this section; and
(5) other matters the Secretary considers necessary to carry out this section or a regulation under this section.
(c) A person shall be required to disclose a record required to be kept under this section or under a regulation under this section only as required by law.
(Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 997.)
Regulations under 1010.350 – Who is a U.S. person?
Part B – The FBAR Regulation
Regulations under 1010.350 – Who is a U.S. person?
31 CFR § 1010.350 – Reports of foreign financial accounts
§ 1010.350 Reports of foreign financial accounts.
(a) In general. Each United States person having a financial interest in, or signature or other authority over, a bank, securities, or other financial account in a foreign country shall report such relationship to the Commissioner of Internal Revenue for each year in which such relationship exists and shall provide such information as shall be specified in a reporting form prescribed under 31 U.S.C. 5314 to be filed by such persons. The form prescribed under section 5314 is the Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts (TD–F 90–22.1), or any successor form. See paragraphs (g)(1) and (g)(2) of this section for a special rule for persons with a financial interest in 25 or more accounts, or signature or other authority over 25 or more accounts.
(b) United States person. For purposes of this section, the term “United States person” means—
(1) A citizen of the United States;
(2) A resident of the United States. A resident of the United States is an individual who is a resident alien under 26 U.S.C. 7701(b) and the regulations thereunder but using the definition of “United States” provided in 31 CFR 1010.100(hhh) rather than the definition of “United States” in 26 CFR 301.7701(b)–1(c)(2)(ii); and
Part C – IRC 7701(b)(6)
6) Lawful permanent resident For purposes of this subsection, an individual is a lawful permanent resident of the United States at any time if—
(A) such individual has the status of having been lawfully accorded the privilege of residing permanently in the United States as an immigrant in accordance with the immigration laws, and
(B) such status has not been revoked (and has not been administratively or judicially determined to have been abandoned).
An individual shall cease to be treated as a lawful permanent resident of the United States if such individual commences to be treated as a resident of a foreign country under the provisions of a tax treaty between the United States and the foreign country, does not waive the benefits of such treaty applicable to residents of the foreign country, and notifies the Secretary of the commencement of such treatment.
Part D – IRC 7701(b)(6) Treasury Regulations
See the Appendix below.
Part E – The U.S. Mexico Tax Treaty
1. For the purposes of this Convention, the term “resident of a Contracting State” means any person
who, under the laws of that State, is liable to tax therein by reason of his domicile, residence, place of management, place of incorporation, or any other criterion of a similar nature. However, this term does not include any person who is liable to tax in that State in respect only of income from sources in that State.
2. Where by reason of the provisions of paragraph 1, an individual is a resident of both Contracting States, then his residence shall be determined as follows:
a) he shall be deemed to be a resident of the State in which he has a permanent home available to him; if he has a permanent home available to him in both Contracting States, he shall be deemed to be a resident of the State with which his personal and economic relations are closer (center of vital interests);
b) if the State in which he has his center of vital interests cannot be determined, or if he does not have a permanent home available to him in either State, he shall be deemed to be a resident of the State in which he has an habitual abode;
c) if he has an habitual abode in both States or in neither of them, he shall be deemed to
be a resident of the State of which he is a national;
d) in any other case, the competent authorities of the Contracting States shall settle the
question by mutual agreement.
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Appendix – 26 CFR § 301.7701(b)-7 – Coordination with income tax treaties.
§ 301.7701(b)-7 Coordination with income tax treaties.
(a) Consistency requirement—(1) Application. The application of this section shall be limited to an alien individual who is a dual resident taxpayer pursuant to a provision of a treaty that provides for resolution of conflicting claims of residence by the United States and its treaty partner. A “dual resident taxpayer” is an individual who is considered a resident of the United States pursuant to the internal laws of the United States and also a resident of a treaty country pursuant to the treaty partner’s internal laws. If the alien individual determines that he or she is a resident of the foreign country for treaty purposes, and the alien individual claims a treaty benefit (as a nonresident of the United States) so as to reduce the individual’s United States income tax liability with respect to any item of income covered by an applicable tax convention during a taxable year in which the individual was considered a dual resident taxpayer, then that individual shall be treated as a nonresident alien of the United States for purposes of computing that individual’s United States income tax liability under the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code and the regulations thereunder (including the withholding provisions of section 1441 and the regulations under that section in cases in which the dual resident taxpayer is the recipient of income subject to withholding) with respect to that portion of the taxable year the individual was considered a dual resident taxpayer.
(2) Computation of tax liability. If an alien individual is a dual resident taxpayer, then the rules on residency provided in the convention shall apply for purposes of determining the individual’s residence for all purposes of that treaty.
(3) Other Code purposes. Generally, for purposes of the Internal Revenue Code other than the computation of the individual’s United States income tax liability, the individual shall be treated as a United States resident. Therefore, for example, the individual shall be treated as a United States resident for purposes of determining whether a foreign corporation is a controlled foreign corporation under section 957 or whether a foreign corporation is a foreign personal holding company under section 552. In addition, the application of paragraph (a)(2) of this section does not affect the determination of the individual’s residency time periods under § 301.7701(b)–4.
(4) Special rules for S corporations. [Reserved]
(b) Filing requirements. An alien individual described in paragraph (a) of this section who determines his or her U.S. tax liability as if he or she were a nonresident alien shall make a return on Form 1040NR on or before the date prescribed by law (including extensions) for making an income tax return as a nonresident. The individual shall prepare a return and compute his or her tax liability as a nonresident alien. The individual shall attach a statement (in the form required in paragraph (c) of this section) to the Form 1040NR. The Form 1040NR and the attached statement, shall be filed with the Internal Revenue Service Center, Philadelphia, PA 19255. The filing of a Form 1040NR by an individual described in paragraph (a) of this section may affect the determination by the Immigration and Naturalization Service as to whether the individual qualifies to maintain a residency permit.
(c) Contents of statement—(1) In general—(i) Returns due after December 15, 1997. The statement filed by an individual described in paragraph (a)(1) of this section, for a return relating to a taxable year for which the due date (without extensions) is after December 15, 1997, must be in the form of a fully completed Form 8833 (Treaty-Based Return Position Disclosure Under Section 6114 or 7701(b)) or appropriate successor form. See section 6114 and § 301.6114–1 for rules relating to other treaty-based return positions taken by the same taxpayer.
(ii) Earlier returns. For returns relating to taxable years for which the due date for filing returns (without extensions) is on or before December 15, 1997, the statement filed by the individual described in paragraph (a)(1) of this section must contain the information in accordance with paragraph (c)(1) of this section in effect prior to December 15, 1997 (see § 301.7701(b)–7(c)(1) as contained in 26 CFR part 301, revised April 1, 1997).
(2) Controlled foreign corporation shareholders. If the taxpayer who claims a treaty benefit as a nonresident of the United States is a United States shareholder in a controlled foreign corporation (CFC), as defined in section 957 or section 953(c), and there are no other United States shareholders in that CFC, then for purposes of paragraph (c)(1) of this section, the approximate amount of subpart F income (as defined in section 952) that would have been included in the taxpayer’s income may be determined based on the audited foreign financial statements of the CFC.
(3) S corporation shareholders. [Reserved]
(d) Relationship to section 6114(a) treaty-based return positions. The statement required by paragraph (b) of this section will be considered disclosure for purposes of section 6114 and § 301.6114–1(a), but only if the statement is in the form required by paragraph (c) of this section. If the taxpayer fails to file the statement required by paragraph (b) of this section on or before the date prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section, the taxpayer will be subject to the penalties imposed by section 6712. See section 6712 and § 301.6712–1.
(e) Examples. The following examples illustrate the application of this section:
B, an alien individual, is a resident of foreign country X, under X’s internal law. Country X is a party to an income tax convention with the United States. B is also a resident of the United States under the Internal Revenue Code. B is considered to be a resident of country X under the convention. The convention does not specifically deal with characterization of foreign corporations as controlled foreign corporations or the taxability of United States shareholders on inclusions of subpart F income, but it provides, in an “Other Income” article similar to Article 21 of the 1981 draft of the United States Model Income Tax Convention (U.S. Model), that items of income of a resident of country X that are not specifically dealt with in the convention shall be taxable only in country X. B owns 80% of the one class of stock of foreign corporation R. The remaining 20% is owned by C, a United States citizen who is unrelated to B. In 1985, corporation R’s only income is interest that is foreign personal holding company income under § 1.954A-2 of this chapter. Because the United States-X income tax convention does not deal with characterization of foreign corporations as controlled foreign corporations, United States internal income tax law applies. Therefore, B and C are United States shareholders within the meaning of § 1.951–1(g) of this chapter, corporation R is a controlled foreign corporation within the meaning of § 1.957–1 of this chapter, and corporation R’s income is included in C’s income as subpart F income under § 1.951–1 of this chapter. B may avoid current taxation on his share of the subpart F inclusion by filing as a nonresident (i.e., by following the procedure in § 301.7701(b)–7(b)).
The facts are the same as in Example 1, except that B also earns United States source dividend income. The United States-X income tax convention provides that the rate of United States tax on United States source dividends paid to residents of country X shall not exceed 15 percent of the gross amount of the dividends. B’s United States tax liability with respect to the dividends would be smaller if he were treated as a resident alien, subject to tax on a net basis (i.e., after the allowance of deductions) than if he were treated as a nonresident alien. If, however, B chooses to file as a nonresident in order to claim treaty benefits with respect to his share of R’s subpart F income, his overall United States tax liability, including the portion attributable to the dividends, must be determined as if he were a nonresident alien.
C, a married alien individual with three children, is a resident of foreign country Y, under Y’s internal law. Country Y is a party to an income tax convention with the United States. C is also a resident of the United States under the Internal Revenue Code. C is considered to be a resident of country Y under the convention. The convention specifically covers, among other items of income, personal services income, dividends and interest. C is sent by her country Y employer to work in the United States from January 1, 1985 until December 31, 1985. During 1985, C also earns United States source dividends and interest and incurs mortgage interest expenses on her personal residence. The United States-Y treaty provides that remuneration for personal services performed in the United States by a country Y resident is exempt from United States tax if, among other things, the individual performing such services is present in the United States for a period that is not in excess of 183 days. The treaty provides that the rate of United States tax on United States source dividends paid to residents of Y shall not exceed 15 percent of the gross amount of the dividends and it exempts residents of Y from United States tax on United States source interest. In filing her 1985 tax return, C may choose to file either as a resident alien without claiming any treaty benefits or as a nonresident alien if she desires to claim any treaty benefit. C files as a nonresident (i.e. by following the procedure described in § 301.7701(b)–7(b)). Because C does not satisfy the requirements of the United States-Y treaty with regard to exempting personal services income from United States tax, C will be taxed on her personal services income at graduated rates under section 1 of the Code pursuant to section 871(b) of the Code. She will not be entitled to deduct her mortgage interest expenses or to claim more than one personal exemption because she is taxed as a nonresident alien under the Code by virtue of her decision to claim treaty benefits, and section 873 of the Code denies nonresidents the deduction for personal residence mortgage interest expense and generally limits them to only one personal exemption. C will be subject to a tax of 15 percent of the gross amount of her dividend income under section 871(a) of the Code as modified by the treaty, and she will be exempt from tax on her interest income. C is not entitled to file a joint return with her spouse even if he is a resident alien under the Code for 1985.
The facts are the same as in Example 3, except that C does not choose to claim treaty benefits with respect to any items of income covered by the treaty (i.e., she files as a resident). Therefore, she is taxed as a resident under the Code and pays tax at graduated rates on her personal services income, dividends, and interest. In addition, she is entitled to deduct her mortgage interest expenses and to take personal exemptions for her spouse and three children. C will be entitled to file a joint return with her spouse if he is a resident alien for 1985 or, if he is a nonresident alien, C and her spouse may elect to file a joint return pursuant to section 6013.
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Readers are advised that this article contains explicit discussion of suicide and suicidal and obsessional thoughts. If you are in need of support, contact details are included at the end of the article.
At the age of 12, “out of nowhere”, Matt says he started having repetitive thoughts concerning whether he wanted to end his life. Every time he saw a knife, he would ask himself: “Am I going to stab myself?” Or, when he was near a ledge: “Am I going to jump?”
Matt had heard a lot about teenage depression, and thought this must be what was going on. But it was confusing, he says: “I didn’t feel suicidal, I really enjoyed my life. I just had an intense fear of doing something to hurt myself.”
Shortly afterwards, pre-empted by hearing about a notorious banned film, Matt began questioning whether he, like the central character, might be a serial killer. These thoughts “kept coming and coming” and he would lie in bed running over scenarios, trying to work out whether he was “going crazy”:
I really needed help. I didn’t know who to talk to. But it wasn’t on my radar to think about this as OCD.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a significant mental health diagnosis in the 21st century. The World Health Organization (WHO) lists it as one of the ten most disabling illnesses in terms of loss of earning and reduced quality of life, and OCD is frequently cited as the fourth most common mental disorder globally after depression, substance abuse and social phobia (anxiety about social interactions).
Yet everything Matt knew about OCD, he tells me, came from daytime talkshows where “people were washing their hands 1,000 times a day – it was all about external and really extreme behaviours”. And that didn’t feel like what he was going through.
Across the world, we’re seeing unprecedented levels of mental illness at all ages, from children to the very old – with huge costs to families, communities and economies. In this series, we investigate what’s causing this crisis, and report on the latest research to improve people’s mental health at all stages of life.
A similar experience is recounted in the 2011 book Taking Control of OCD by John (not his real name) who, after a colleague had taken their own life, became “inundated with thoughts” about what he might do to himself. Every time he crossed the road, John thought: “What would happen if I stopped moving and was run over by a bus?” He also had thoughts of murdering those he loved. John recalled:
Try as I might, I just couldn’t chase the thoughts out of my head … When I tried to explain what was going on to my girlfriend, I couldn’t find a way of articulating what was happening to me … At the time, I thought OCD was all about triple-checking you had locked the front door and that your drawers were tidy.
Despite the prevalence of OCD in contemporary society, the experiences of Matt and John reflect two important features of this disorder. First, that the stereotype of OCD is one of washing and checking behaviours – the compulsions aspect, defined clinically as “repetitive behaviours that a person feels driven to perform”. And that obsessions – defined as “unwanted, unpleasant thoughts” often of a harmful, sexual or blasphemous nature – are viewed as obscure, confusing and unrecognisable as OCD.
People who experience obsessional thoughts are therefore frequently unable to identify their symptoms as OCD – and neither, very often, are the experts they see in clinical settings. Due to mischaracterisations of the disorder, OCD sufferers with non-typical, less visible presentations usually go undiagnosed for ten or more years.
When John visited his GP, he was diagnosed with depression. He recalled that the GP concentrated more on the visible effects of his distress – a lack of appetite and disrupted sleeping patterns. The thoughts remained invisible. As he put it:
I don’t know how you’re supposed to tell someone you don’t know that you have thoughts about killing people you love.
Even for those with “textbook” OCD such as my friend Abby, “the compulsion is just the tip of the iceberg”. Abby was able to self-diagnose at the age of 12, when she experienced handwashing and locking door compulsions. She says people still think of her as “Abby [who] likes to wash her hands a lot”.
Now, she tells me, “I realise that I have no interest in washing my hands – I’m a pretty messy person, and I don’t mind other people being messy.” Rather than a love of cleaning, her acts were related to the altogether scarier obsessional thought: “What if I am going to hurt other people?”
Clinical guidelines, such as those provided in the UK by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, define OCD as being characterised by both compulsions and obsessions. So, why do the difficulties encountered by Matt, John and Abby – of recognising the internal thoughts that dominate their lives – appear to be so common?
My experience of OCD
From the age of 16, I have also suffered with thoughts that I later came to associate with OCD, but which began as invisible and tormenting. An article I wrote in 2014, entitled The Unseen Obsession, described my experience of having left university midway through my studies due to a single thought that gathered “such power that I even ended up attacking my body in an attempt to eliminate its force”. I wrote:
I have suffered with obsessional thoughts for the last four years, and can safely say that [OCD] is far from being about clean hands.
My obsessions have taken many forms since my teenage years. They began with me wondering whether things really existed, whether my parents were really who they said they were, and whether I wanted to harm – and was a risk to – my family, friends, even my dog.
Many of us know what it is like to ruminate about a person, a conflict, or something else we feel anxious about. But for those with obsessional thoughts (diagnosed or otherwise), this is quite different to simply “overthinking”. As I attempted to explain in my article:
Conversations falter as the thought leaps through your mind. Other topics seem less important, and time to yourself provides space to assess, analyse, and look for evidence of the thought being ‘true’ … [Obsessing] is like fighting: you push and shove your thoughts away and they come back with twice as much force. You spend time trying to avoid them and they pop up everywhere, taunting and mocking your failed attempt at running away.
It took me six months of weekly therapy sessions before I felt able to voice my obsessional thought to my therapist – someone I had known for a number of years. My unwillingness to be open about it was not only tied up with feelings of shame about its taboo content, but also my inability to see such thinking as part of a recognised disorder.
The question of what constitutes OCD, why we understand – and misunderstand – it as we do, as well as my own experience of living with it, led me to study how OCD became recognised and categorised as a mental health disorder.
In particular, my research shows that there are important insights to be gained from the research decisions made by a group of influential clinical psychologists in south London in the early 1970s – shedding light on why so many people, myself included, still struggle to recognise and make sense of our obsessional thoughts.
The origin of the concepts
Categories of mental illness are not stable across time. As medical, scientific, and public knowledge about an illness changes, so does how it is experienced and diagnosed.
Prior to the 1970s, “obsessions” and “compulsions” did not exist in a unified category – rather, they appeared in an array of psychiatric classifications. At the start of the 20th century, for example, British doctor James Shaw defined verbal obsessions as “a mode of cerebral activity in which a thought – mostly obscene or blasphemous – forces itself into consciousness”.
Such cerebral activity could, according to Shaw, arise in hysteria, neurasthenia, or as a precursor to delusions. One of his patients – a woman who experienced “irresistible, obscene, blasphemous and unutterable thoughts” – was diagnosed with obsessional melancholia, a “form of insanity”.
The symptom arose from what Shaw defined as “nervous weakness”, an explanation that reflected the broader 19th-century view that obsessional thoughts were indicative of a fragile nervous system – either inherited, or weakened through overwork, alcohol or promiscuous behaviour (described as “degeneration theory”). Notably, Shaw did not mention any form of repetitive behaviour in relation to these verbal obsessions.
At a similar time to Shaw’s writings, Sigmund Freud, the Austrian founder of psychoanalysis, developed his psychoanalytic category of “Zwangsneurose – translated in Britain as “obsessional neurosis” and in the US as “compulsion neurosis”. In Freud’s writings, the “Zwang” referred to persistent ideas that emerged from a repressed conflict between unresolved childhood impulses (those of love and hate) and the critical self (ego).
Freud’s most famous case study, published in 1909, featured the “Rat Man”, a former Austrian army officer who possessed a variety of elaborate symptoms. In the first instance, he had become obsessed that he would fall victim to a horrific rat-based punishment that had been recounted to him by a colleague. The patient also expressed that if he had certain desires such as a wish to see a woman naked, his already-deceased father “will be bound to die”.
The Rat Man was described by Freud as engaging in a “system of ceremonial defences” and “elaborate manoeuvres full of contradictions” that have been read by some as the behavioural aspects of what would become OCD. However, there are crucial differences between the “defences” of Freud’s client and the compulsions of OCD, including that the former largely involved thinking rather than acting, and were by no means consistent or stereotyped.
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The psychoanalytic category of “obsessional neurosis” was adopted and modified in Britain during the first world war, and became a staple – but inconsistently defined – diagnosis in British psychiatric textbooks of the inter-war period. Up to the 1950s, the terms “obsession” and “compulsion” were being used interchangeably in psychiatric writing. The complexity surrounding their meaning is demonstrated in the writings of Aubrey Lewis, a leading figure in post-war British psychiatry, who referred to “obsessional illnesses” as being made up of “compulsive thoughts” and “compulsive inner speech”.
Like Freud, Lewis mentioned the “complex rituals” of the obsessional – such as the patient “who is perpetually putting himself in the greatest trouble to ensure that he never steps on a worm inadvertently”. But he cautioned against “the dangers of associating any kind of repetitious activity with obsessionality”, writing that “it certainly cannot be judged on behaviourist grounds”.
Defining OCD by visible behaviour
OCD began to emerge in the form we recognise it today from the early 1970s – and was established as a formal psychiatric disorder through its inclusion in the third and fourth editions of the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (commonly known as DSM-III and DSM-IV) in 1980 and 1994.
The centrality of visible and measurable behaviours in the categorisation of OCD – particularly washing and checking – can be traced back to a series of experiments conducted by clinical psychologists in the early 1970s at the Institute of Psychiatry and the Maudsley Hospital in south London.
Under the direction of South African psychologist Stanley Rachman, the complex array of symptoms contained in the categories of obsessional illness and obsessional neurosis were divided into two: “visible” compulsive rituals, and “invisible” obsessional ruminations. While Rachman and his colleagues conducted a large research programme on compulsive behaviours, obsessions were relegated to the backburner.
For example, in their investigation of ten psychiatric inpatients diagnosed with obsessional neurosis, “compulsions had to be present for entry into the trial and patients complaining of ruminations were excluded” – a statement reiterated throughout subsequent experiments.
Indeed, this study did not merely require patients to exhibit some form of visible compulsion. The ten patients included were exclusively those with “visible handwashing” behaviour, which was viewed as the “easiest” symptom to experiment on. Likewise, the second round of studies only included patients who engaged in visible “checking” behaviour, such as whether a door was unlocked.
In a 1971 paper, Rachman offered his rationale for taking this approach, explaining how “obsessional ruminators raise special problems for the clinical psychologist because of their subjective, private nature”. This, he argued, was in contrast with “the other main feature of obsessional neurosis, compulsive behaviour, which can be approached with greater ease. It is visible, has a predictable quality, and many reproducible analogies in animal research”.
Rachman viewed compulsions as “visible” and “predictable” in large part due to the way clinical psychology had developed as a new profession in Britain, at the Maudsley Hospital in particular, in the decades following the second world war. To differentiate their practice from the existing mental health professions of psychiatry (medically trained doctors specialising in mental health) and psychoanalysis (talking therapy derived from Freud), these early clinical psychologists presented themselves as “applied scientists” who brought scientific methods from the laboratory to a clinical setting. Their conception of science was rooted in empiricism – with an emphasis on visibility, measurability and experimentation.
As part of this commitment to empirical science, these clinical psychologists adopted a model of anxiety derived from 20th-century behaviourism. This focus on observable behaviour was viewed as having much greater scientific value than psychoanalysis, which dealt with the “unverifiable” and “unscientific” realm of thoughts and thinking.
So, when obsessional ruminations gained a renewed focus in the mid-1970s, it was through this lens of visible compulsive behaviours. Rachman and his colleagues started talking about “mental compulsions” (such as saying a good thought after a bad thought) as “equivalent to handwashing”- rather than focusing on the importance and content of these thoughts in their own right.
In the early 1980s, clinical psychology came under pressure from cognitive psychologists (those concerned with thinking and language) for its reductive focus on behaviour. But despite this move to include cognitive approaches, the centrality of visible behavioural compulsions has continued to characterise perceptions of OCD in cultural and clinical domains.
This is perhaps most evident in media portrayals of the disorder – a critique taken up by cultural scholars such as Dana Fennell, who look at representations of OCD in TV and film.
The archetypal portrayal of OCD has not been helped by the recent publicity given to David Beckham and his extensive tidying. When I ask Abby what she thought about the attention that Beckham’s OCD was receiving in the media, she replies: “It’s so boring. It’s the same presentation that always gets thought of as OCD.”
Limitations to the ‘gold standard’ treatment
This archetypal portrayal of OCD also relates to how it is treated. The “gold standard” treatment in the UK today is the behavioural technique of exposure and ritual prevention (ERP), either on its own or combined with cognitive therapy. ERP gained acceptance from the experiments of Rachman and colleagues in the early 1970s, when they were exclusively working with patients with observable behaviours.
One of their key studies involved patients from the Maudsley Hospital who repeatedly washed their hands. They were told to touch smears of dog excrement and put hamsters in their bags and in their hair, while being prevented from washing for increased lengths of time.
Such experiments were again governed by observability and measurability. The “success” of ERP treatment – and its perceived superiority over psychiatric and psychoanalytic methods – was demonstrated by a reduction in the patients’ visible handwashing behaviour.
Today, if you are diagnosed with OCD by a psychiatrist and given OCD-specialist treatment via the NHS, you will most likely be told to undergo the same kind of ERP procedure that hospital inpatients were experimentally given in the 1970s: touching a set of items that you fear (exposure) while being prevented from engaging in your usual compulsive behaviour.
An identical method is also used when it comes to obsessional thoughts. Patients are asked to identify their worrying obsession, then either expose themselves to provoking situations or repeat the thought in their mind without engaging in “mental compulsions” – such as counting, replacing a bad thought with a good thought, or trying to “solve” the content of the obsessional thought.
It’s certainly true that this form of behavioural therapy can be hugely helpful in the treatment of OCD symptoms. Abby, after undergoing ERP for 14 years, said she had “developed a lot of practices around not giving into my [washing and checking] compulsions”.
I also found the approach beneficial in reducing the threatening quality of my obsessional thoughts. Repeating “I want to hurt my family” or “I don’t really exist” to myself over and over again, without actually trying to solve these issues, reduced the time I spent ruminating.
However, while being a huge advocate of ERP, Abby also observed that “sometimes when I get rid of a compulsion, it doesn’t mean I just get rid of the obsession.” While the “outward compulsions” disappear, “it doesn’t mean my mind stops cycling and mental questioning”.
Some contemporary clinicians have referred to ERP, designed around visible symptom reduction, as a “whack-a-mole technique” – you get rid one symptom (obsession or compulsion) and another pops up.
ERP is frequently accompanied with cognitive therapy techniques, such as cognitive restructuring (identifying beliefs and providing evidence for and against them), or being told that obsessions are “just thoughts”, that they are meaningless, and that you do not want to enact them.
Despite the success of cognitive-behaviour therapy (CBT) and ERP in scientific trials, a major review of evidence in 2021 questioned whether the effects of the approach in treating OCD had been overstated – reflecting the high proportion of OCD cases that are designated as “treatment resistant”.
I also believe there are some crucial limitations to contemporary treatments for OCD. Exposure (ERP) techniques stem from a period in which thoughts were not being considered at all by clinical psychologists, while CBT designates the content of obsessional thoughts as unimportant. Matt, like me, has found that CBT “can only take you so far”, explaining:
Part of this was that [CBT therapists] are so committed to the idea that thoughts don’t have meaning … [They] treat your symptom and once those are gone, you should get on with your life. I didn’t find that there was a way of thinking about [my] ruminations in the context of my whole life.
Experiences of alternative treatments
So much of my understanding about OCD has changed since I first wrote about it for Rethink Mental Illness almost a decade ago. Thinking about the historical development and categorisation of OCD has, it turns out, given me a greater sense of ease regarding this widely misunderstood condition. I feel less bound by our current conceptual frameworks, and more able to reflect on what I think is helpful in terms of how to successfully manage my obsessional thoughts.
For example, despite being warned away from psychoanalysis from a young age (my mum is a clinical psychologist, and psychologists are often fervently anti-psychoanalytic!), I have found psychoanalysis incredibly helpful in becoming comfortable with my thoughts.
This is because CBT typically focuses on present symptoms without looking into their meaning or how they relate to your personal history, and this comes into tension with my desire, as a historian, to think about the past. In contrast, psychoanalysis locates obsessional thoughts in history – pointing to childhood as a crucial point of psychic development. I have been able to understand my obsessions as the result of a deep childhood fear concerning the death of my loved ones, from which I developed a rigid desire for control.
As a young teenager trying to determine what was going on with him, Matt went to the public library and took out a Freud reader. He describes this as “the worst possible thing for a 14-year-old to read”, as it made him believe “that I did really have all these [murderous suicidal] impulses and all my fears are true”.
Despite this experience, while training to become a social worker, he “got into psychoanalysis as an alternate way to think about therapy and think about my own experience”. For him, psychoanalysis revealed the opposite to the image of “OCD as handwashing”.
Instead, he says, it focused on the aspects of “obsessionality that are internal”, showing him that the “mind is so powerful that it can produce a lot of imaginary fears”. It also allowed him to see “OCD symptoms as wrapped up with my whole life”.
Particularly profound in psychoanalytic thought is the acceptance of the complexity and unknowability at the heart of human experience. As Jaqueline Rose, professor of humanities at Birkbeck, University of London, wrote::
Psychoanalysis begins with a mind in flight, a mind that cannot take the measure of its own pain. It begins, that is, with the recognition that the world – or what Freud sometimes refers to as ‘civilisation’ – makes demands on human subjects that are too much to bear.
This idea of “a mind in flight” has helped me think about my obsessions – whether my parents are really who they say they are; am I going to hurt those I love? – as part of a battle for certainty and control that is both unattainable and understandable, considering the world we live in.
The aim of psychoanalytic treatment is not to eradicate symptoms but to bring to light the difficult knots that humans have to deal with. Matt refers to psychoanalysis as acknowledging “a sort of messiness of the mind … I’ve found the psychoanalytic view of accepting your own messiness extremely helpful”. Rose similarly describes psychoanalysis as “the opposite of housework in how it deals with the mess we make”.
In the UK, psychoanalysis has been rejected within NHS service provision. And I believe this is, at least in part, a result of historical critiques levelled at it by clinical psychologists as they developed behaviour therapies to treat OCD in the late 20th century.
‘A lot of emotion and sadness’
While compulsive behaviour such as handwashing and checking is widely perceived as “representative” of OCD, the tormenting experience of having obsessional thoughts is still rarely acknowledged and discussed. The shame and confusion attached to such thoughts, coupled with the feeling of being misunderstood, make this an important issue to address, particularly when misdiagnosis of OCD is so high.
My PhD on the history of OCD has also showed me the ways in which psychological research shapes how we conceive of diagnostic categories – and consequently, ourselves. While psychology’s commitment to objectivity, empiricism and visibility has provided tools that are tremendously useful in the clinic, my research sheds lights on how the often-exclusive focus on visible symptoms has at times trumped the appreciation of the complex experience of having obsessional thoughts.
I first met Matt in 2019 at the first OCD in Society conference, held at Queen Mary University of London, where he was giving a presentation on the “multiple meanings of OCD”. We discussed our own experiences of the disorder, and what we thought that history, psychoanalysis and anthropology could contribute to understandings of OCD.
Matt was 34, and he told me this was the first time he “had ever voiced the internal stuff out loud, and heard other people talk about it”. Recalling how this made him feel, he continued:
I felt a lot of emotion and sadness. The isolation had been such a big part of my life that I had stopped noticing it. Then being out of the isolation was such a relief, it made me realise how bad it had been.
In the US, the National Suicide Prevention Hotline is 1-800-273-8255. In Australia, the crisis support service Lifeline is on 13 11 14. Hotlines in other countries can be found here.
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Peter Rubie, jazz guitarist, teacher, accompanist, arranger
By Peter Rubie
A friend asked me the other day: “What’s more important to artistic success? Talent, judgment, or perseverance?”
Now, I find questions like this one of those argumentative things people say to each other when they’re out drinking and run out of anything more interesting to say to each other. But it’s a kind of “brain worm” (cousin of an “earworm”) too. Once spoken it lingers, like an unwelcome dinner guest who won’t go home.
Although my friend’s nonfiction has been published, he had decided to quit writing (both fiction and nonfiction) because, after several years of hard work and rewrites, his novel has yet to find a publisher. His fiction would never get published, he said, because he just wasn’t talented enough, regardless of how hard he worked at it.
I disagreed with him. At one point in our discussion he said that if a less talented person could catch up with someone who had a genuine gift for their art form through hard work alone, it would mean anybody could sing like Frank Sinatra or play the saxophone like Michael Brecker if they practiced hard enough. “Some people can just do things that others simply can’t,” my friend announced. (Ironically, Brecker, widely held to be the most influential tenor saxophonist of his generation, was asked in an interview not long before he died, “What does it feel like to be the king of the tenor saxophone?” To which Brecker reportedly replied, "I don’t know, you’d better ask Jerry Bergonzi.")
There’s an appealing superficial obviousness to my friend’s observation, but I don’t buy it. I work with writers and musicians every day; I see the “talent” in my teenage son and I know, for that talent to mean something, the hard work he must choose to put in daily into mastering not just the violin but jazz itself. And I see the fulfillment and pride of achievement he feels when he performs well and is recognized for it.
The observation that some people can do some things better than others is why I quit playing music 30 years ago. I did it for a number of reasons, but the truth was I was in awe and also despondent of things friends did musically, many of them great players, that I could not. My friend told me he decided to quit writing because of that story, which I had told him casually over lunch some years before. But he wasn’t paying attention to the fact that when my son started playing the violin, I started practicing once more and found I enjoyed it so much I eventually started playing in public again.
My friend’s view of talent as some magic gift assumes that being the best singer, or the best piano player is synonymous in some ways with destiny. But it’s truer to say that some people have, for example, innately better hand-eye coordination than others. But so what? It’s why we can get into (somewhat pointless) beer soaked arguments about who’s the better jazz guitarist – George Benson or Pat Martino. It’s all just so subjective. What is true, I think, is that every artist or performer has a responsibility to develop and refine a uniqueness of vision that makes them special, regardless of whether or not others appreciate that vision. But saying it is one thing, and living it another.
In his book Outliers, Malcolm Gladwell cites a study done in the 1990s by K. Anders Ericsson (Dept. of Psychology, Florida State Univ.) on music students. In true British tabloid-press fashion, Gladwell overbroadly concluded from the report that elite musicians averaged 10,000 hours of practice each, while the less able only practiced 4,000 hours. It was the hard work that did it, was the message.
But this conclusion was disputed as simplistic by Ericsson in a letter to the NY Times. Ericsson’s letter made a better, subtler point:
Our paper found that the attained level of expert music performance of students at an international level music academy showed a positive correlation with the number of solitary practice hours accumulated in their careers and the gradual improvement due to goal-directed deliberate practice.
In other words, the most accomplished students didn’t just practice for hours on end in order to get better, they used that time to focus on mastering technical skills designed to improve performance and express their creativity; they developed their skills using external rewards as motivation, such as pay, or concert performances; and they participated in any kind of practice that explored their various skills and was inherently enjoyable, like jamming/playing with other people. So, according to Ericsson, it’s not talent, nor even endurance of long hours put into mastering your craft that counts, but what you practice that is so important. It’s also true that at some point fairly early on, true craftsmen and women usually fall in love with practicing to the point where it becomes a kind of daily meditation.
If my friend was right, then in Ericsson’s study the “super talented” should have risen to the elite level with less effort than their peers. No one did. In fact, the data showed a direct correlation between hours of correct practice, and achievement. Wise journeyman study wins out, it seems.
An example of all this can be glimpsed in the sad story of the (fairly unknown) brilliant jazz guitarist Billy Bean, who in the 1950s could play the guitar pretty much the way Charlie Parker played the alto sax. Bean was consumed by the demon of alcoholism to the point that he gave up early on a career in music that would have likely matched Wes Montgomery’s or Joe Pass’s, if you follow these things. For the non-musical it’s a bit like Picasso deciding he’d rather drink than paint. So what good does talent do for you under those circumstances? That said, I know Billy Bean must have worked hard at mastering his instrument when he was young, and studied with Dennis Sandole, the teacher who also taught John Coltrane. But Billy famously told a friend in retrospect of his early recordings, none of which he liked, “Oh, I was just goofing off.” But that is belied by one interesting kitchen recording he made of a rehearsal for an upcoming record date, when halfway through improvising on a tune he makes a mistake for four bars. What we hear, preserved for all time, is the genuine belly laughter of a likely sober young man delightedly doing the thing he loved to do most and best in the world, even when it doesn’t work out quite how he wanted it to.
The best definition of talent I ever came across was by the iconic jazz drummer Art Blakey, an equally great spotter and incubator of talented young jazz musicians. He said talent is the speed with which someone learns something. This instantly resonated with me. It’s the least elitist approach to talent, and the one that most emphasizes the need to do the work, rather than just rely on a “magical” ability that one is born with. Because the truth is, we are all born with skill sets buried in our DNA. Just as “Boo” said, some people pick up on that a lot faster than others, and some find it easier than others and progress faster as a result. But it’s all about a willingness to do the work.
Implied in my friend’s question is another that sets my teeth on edge — what do we mean by “success”? Financial success and fame require of the artist an overtly commercial sensibility that may appeal to the masses e.g., Justin Bieber, or Lady Gaga, but artistically in terms of talent are they really comparable to, say, Frank Sinatra or Rene Fleming or Aretha Franklin in their prime? Does it matter? And is that commercial sensibility i.e., a talent to sometimes cynically read what others want in entertainment and give it to them, sometimes pandering to the bottom line at the expense of real creativity? Don’t get me wrong, God knows there’s nothing wrong with making lots of money as a performing artist if you can. I would if I could as long as I could live with the music.
But I believe, even now, art should not be just about money, because inevitably then it becomes shaped by a fear of offending people. It makes sense to me that art has to be intellectually and emotionally challenging, because it attempts to ask interesting questions and make us think differently about the world we live in. So it’s likely to have a small audience at first, which will hopefully grow over time. We hope, further, that audiences will enjoy our work enough to look to see if there is more by us. Once in a while something may catch unexpectedly, and a new phenom is born from base clay, but you can’t really plan for that.
I’d argue that artistic success is true admiration from one’s peers. It’s hard won and not often bestowed on the popular (though there are obvious exceptions). Charlie Parker, for example, considered one of the greatest jazz musicians of all time, was not hugely popular among audiences at the time. Louis Armstrong had to completely reinvent himself from the hip “young lion” of Weatherbird and Struttin’ With Some BarBQ, to the entertainer famous for his role in the movie High Society, and Hello Dolly. But their art has remained relevant over time, a great test of good art.
In the end, I think talent is about the determination to discover who we are, and what we want to say. It is, what it is, nothing more or less. So the real challenge is to say something unique and honest, and say it with grace and energy. After that, it’s in the lap of the gods whether or not others connect with it.
There is no separating talent from the other qualities, it’s just one piece of a complex puzzle. And at some point, becoming the “best” at whatever you do becomes replaced by a realization that talent is really about our commitment to undertake an inner journey and share some of the treasures we find.
And I’m pleased to report my friend reconsidered his decision not to write any more, and has just finished the second draft of his new novel.
by Peter Rubie
I like to play squash, and the best advice a pro ever gave me was this: “Hit the ball in the middle of the racquet.” Do you have any idea how difficult that simple piece of advice is to master?
Recently, my friend Brent Vaarstra posted a great podcast about overcoming low self esteem as a musician. This is something that has plagued me on and off most of my musical career, and I’ve been playing for almost 40 years though I did stop practicing for about 15 of them, mainly because I decided I could never be a great player. (Yes, I know, pretty stupid right? But it made sense at the time and I had bills to pay.)
When I started studying again, with Peter Bernstein, I told him my goal was to improve enough to like how I sounded on tape. He replied, almost immediately, it wasn’t my job to like or dislike my playing, that’s for the audience to decide. And certainly, I’m sure most of us can empathize with the irony of people in the audience coming up to you after a gig and praising playing that you think sucked. It’s wonderfully summed up in a quip attributed to the great guitarist Wes Montgomery. Wes had been playing quietly but steadily during the 1950s in clubs in Indianapolis, and before that had toured with Lionel Hampton’s band in the late 1940s (a band that included a young Charles Mingus on bass). After Wes became what we might now call a jazz “rock star” in the 1960s, a fan came up to him and told him he played wonderfully. Wes smiled and told the fan simply, “You should have heard me in 1948.” (Others have quoted him as saying, “You shoulda heard me 20 years ago, when I could really play.” Take your pick.)
Every time I hear myself on tape after a gig I want to cringe and cry at the same time, despite people making nice comments about my playing (What kind of tin ears do these people have, anyway?). I force myself to swallow that indigestibly familiar feeling. I give it a few days for my traumatized ego to quieten, for my dose of humility to kick in, and then I remind myself that my job as a musician is not to be fabulous or brilliant or any other egocentric thing.
My job as a musician is simple -- find ways to creatively define a song’s harmonic and melodic possibilities when I improvise, and to just play the damn tune properly. And along with mastering rhythmic possibilities, for me that’s enough. My first serious music teacher, in England where I grew up, was the bass player Peter Ind. Peter moved to New York in the early 1950s to study and play with Lennie Tristano, one of the first great players to come up with a flexible system of breaking down how to improvise geared to the individual player, about how you teach improvisation to beginners. By the time I met him, Peter was a tall, thin man in his 40s with shoulder length hair and a ZZ Top-like beard, who grappled with the bass the way Ray Brown and Oscar Pettiford did, using a high action and powerful hands. He had an intense way of talking quietly, looking you in the eye as he spoke, that was both kind and intimidating at the same time. There was little room for bullshit.
Peter told me a story of a new student of his, a professional trumpet player who wanted to “buff up” his jazz playing. After several weeks of lessons the trumpet player quit, telling Peter that far from making him a better player, Peter had made him play worse! Peter’s point to me, and I knew it to be true because he was (and still is) one of the best teachers I’ve ever had, was that far from making the guy play worse, he had managed in a few short weeks to open up his ears, and the guy, perhaps for the first time, was able to hear what he actually played like. It was a shock to the system. The next step, the one the guy was not able to take, was to shuck the ego and listen to his playing as if he was teaching another musician not himself. So whenever I get into my “Oh my God, how can I sound like that,” mode, I essentially wait it out and then go back to that (current ) infamous recording thinking, “OK let’s start defining what it is that really horrifies me so. Because THAT is what I need to work on next.”
Another great influence on me is the remarkable west coast player Larry Koonse. I remember starting a session with him by sharing that I’d been struggling with some musical demons (of which this was one), and he immediately told me he’d been struggling with musical demons of his own that summer. I was quietly dumb-struck. How is that possible? I thought. How can you be arguably one of the great guitarists in the world, and still have musical expression problems you need to wrestle with? And of course, his demons are certainly not mine, nor are they yours either. But a dedication to honestly exploring musicality can open us up to this pathway if we’re not careful.
That led us to a discussion about perfectionism, and how debilitating it can be, and how it hit him so hard after he graduated music school (Larry was the first recipient of a Bachelor of Music in Jazz Studies at the University of Southern California), that he stopped playing for months before finally starting up again, a little bit each day at first.
Chick Corea has an interesting snippet of advice you can find on Youtube (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ED7liSX7zvY).
He breaks things down this way:
Step 1. Find a player whose playing you connect to and love, and play along with it as best you can. Try and mimic it. Get the flow and the rhythm.
Step 2. Turn the recording off and see if you can retain the groove and flow.
Step 3. Record yourself playing something. (The great English jazz guitarist Dave Cliff, another friend and formative influence on me, once told me he recorded all his practice sessions at one point in his life. It’s a tough school to attend though, be warned.) Chick says, after you’ve listened to the recording, you may decide “that’s too much this way, and not enough of that. So, now practice more of THAT towards your idea of what it should be.” Because only you will know when you’ve reached the point where you think, yeah, that’s working now. Who else is going to tell you? You’re not looking for admiration. You’re looking for what you’ve learned to recognize is right for you. Learn to trust your own judgment about your playing.
Step 4: Finally, there’s what Chick calls the Apprentice System. Find a Master to work with, someone who has an ability you’d like have, and go play with them, work with them, collaborate with them, make music with them. This is how we learn a trade, and a skill. We work with people with the idea that you want to learn something and they can help you figure it out.
At its best, music is something outside of us, an energy stream that we strive to somehow plug into using our ears and our fingers, like launching out on a plank without a life jacket into a fast moving river. It’s something that we manage, through the meditation of practice, to connect with when we are on the stand or in a session with others. We become conduits for something “other” that passes through us, and is shaped as it enters the world by who we are at that moment. Our job is to simply get out of the way and let it flow through.
Hit the ball in the middle of the racquet. Not so easy, is it?
Peter Rubie is a musician and published writer and editor, and has been on the jazz scene in Europe and the U.S., since the mid-1970s. He has studied and played with Warne Marsh, George Coleman, Peter Ind, Peter Bernstein, and Larry Koonse. Peter lives in New York City with his wife and son, a violinist, where he plays, teaches, and also works in publishing.
Read my latest blogs here: AllAboutJazz.com/The Jazz Life
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Self-sufficiency in food was the focus of the agriculture sector policy in Sri Lanka, even before the independence. But the quality and the display of the local food items offered to consumers in the market are yet to be improved substantially. The prices are exceptionally high compared to many citizens’ purchasing power and the country’s per capita income. According to the Household Income and Expenditure Survey -2019, Sri Lankans’ average monthly household expenditure on food is 35.1%, leaving a low share for non-food expenses, which is an indicator of the poor quality of life. The situation could be much worse among the middle and low-income groups, and the malnutrition level is increasing. Sri Lanka’s agriculture, especially the food crop subsector, is yet to be modernised with new technology and commercialised. Despite those constraints, the country had reached near self-sufficiency in essential food items by 2022.
The aftermath of Covid-19 and the government’s policy mismatches suddenly brought the country into a catastrophe in 2022 without sufficient local or imported food. According to the Colombo Consumer Finance Index, food inflation in September 2022 has risen to 94.9 %, which means citizens’ food affordability has been reduced by almost 50%. According to the FAO, 78% of the population suffered from food insecurity in the latter part of 2022. Most people attribute the whole responsibility for the food crisis of 2022 to banning agrochemicals. Though it was the immediate and foremost reason, several other structural issues have aggravated the situation. The situation could be returned to the pre-2022 position in a few seasons after lifting the ban. Still, the shortcomings inherited over a long period in local food production may continue unless those are adequately addressed. Food prices are yet to come down to match the income levels of the majority through improved productivity and quality. Therefore, this article aims to understand the present food crisis in relation to the policies and strategies followed by the different governments over eight decades and their pros and cons. The focus is to discuss some remedial actions based on historical evidence and my brief experience in the sector.
The Sri Lanka National Agriculture Policy paper, prepared by the government in 2020, says, “The agriculture sector will continue to play an important role in the application of strategies targeted towards planned socioeconomic development of the country. Rapid growth for the agricultural sector, particularly the domestic food production, floriculture, and export crop sectors, is essential to achieve self-reliance at the national level, ensure food security and bring about equity in the distribution of income and wealth for alleviating poverty.” It shows that policy-wise, the government has firmly committed to developing the agriculture sector as a strategy for macroeconomic development. According to the population figures in 2021, eighty-one per cent of Sri Lanka’s population lives in rural areas. As per the labour force statistics, in 2021, 27.3 % of the total labour -force was employed in agriculture. Still, their contribution to the GDP was only 6.9%, which shows that the farming population is relatively poor. As a cultural practice, almost all rural people in Sri Lanka engage in agricultural activities in one way or another. If not for their main employment, they do agriculture as a source of supplementary or secondary income or at least to produce their food. As such, the Sri Lankan labour force engaged in agriculture is much higher than the figures shown in labour force statistics. Despite many drawbacks, local food production had increased considerably by 2023, but at a very high cost to the public coffer for over eight decades.
Under the colonial administration, plantation crops were the priority sub-sector of agriculture. Domestic agriculture, especially food production, was not a priority. In 1931, under the Dhonurmore Constitution, the decision-making power for local matters was substantially transferred to the State Council of Ceylon, represented by elected local representatives. Since then, the translation of nationalism and patriotism into action was commenced in many aspects of society. D. S. Senanayake’s vision as the Minister of Agriculture and Landin the State Council of Ceylon was that colonising the thinly populated dry zone is the only solution to land hunger poor peasants in the densely populous wet zone, self-sufficiency in rice and food security.D.S. Senanayake’s imagination in the colonisation programme seems to create a group of contented middle-class farmers like the rural elites in the traditional villages. Accordingly, 5-10 acres of irrigated and high lands were alienated to colonists. It was also expected to reduce the increasing pressure on land to produce food and housing in the hill country and the wet zone and generate full-employment opportunities for the peasant community. Accordingly, he prioritised domestic agriculture and the Dry Zone Colonization programme. After becoming the first prime minister of Ceylon in 1947, his son Dudley Senanayake was appointed as the minister in charge of the subject to continue the programme with the same priority. Also, the second World War outbreak validated the need for food self-sufficiency. The food scarcity in the war environment encouraged the peasantry to food production and the colonisation programme. During wartime, in 1942, a scheme to purchase paddy under a guaranteed price well above the market price was also established. Since then, the guaranteed price for paddy, above the market price, has become a permanent feature.
The colonisation scheme was a massive and ambitious program involving the supply of irrigation and drinking water, social and physical infrastructure, housing, land clearance for farms, settlement of people in a complex, unfamiliar environment, establishing the public administration and public service delivery system, etc. All settlers were allocated an equal extent of land, which could not operate with the family labour. Different from the wet zone, there was no agricultural proletariat or social arrangements to work on medium size farmlands, especially during the cultivating and harvesting periods. Unlike in the wet zone, sharecropping arrangements (Ande Cultivation) or hiring casual labour was impossible, as all settlers were landowners. Farm mechanisation was also rare in the early stages, but many colonists became unemployed during off-seasons. Unlike in the wet zone, there were no modern large plantations to find wage employment during off-seasons. The colonisation programme reinforced the same peasantry agriculture in local food production, creating a dichotomy between plantation agriculture and local food production. Though there were many economic and social issues at the beginning, with continuous and substantial government supports, these colonisation schemes became sustainable. In addition to the above programmes, in line with the then policy, government-owned farms were also established in different parts of the country under the department of agriculture. These were considered model farms to introduce new farming technics, increase food production, create wage employment, seed production, etc.
The colonisation program helped to reduce the population pressure in the wet zone and increase rice production to a certain extent. However, it was an extension of the area under cultivation with the traditional smallholder farming system, more than increasing productivity under modern farming practices using technology. Also, most of the second and third generations of settlers became unemployed. Many of the settlers were socio-economically backward and needed to gain experience even in agriculture at the beginning. Under this socio-economic environment, only a few entrepreneurs ventured into non-agricultural activities to generate employment for the second and third generations.
Though there were some shortcomings in the D.S Senanayake’s Agriculture policy and strategies (expansion of the area under cultivation through land alienation, irrigation facilities, colonisation, model farms, and guaranteed paddy prices Etc.), its positive factors were attractive. The policy continued without many changes during the Bandaranaike governments from 1956 to 1965. In 1965, Dudley Senanayake’s government also prioritised the agricultural sector and continued along the same path. Moreover, the international program of the Green Revolution influenced the agriculture policy and the program in this period. The agriculture sector benefitted from the productivity improvement agenda of the green revolution, such as farm mechanisation, chemical fertiliser, highbred seed, pesticides, weedicides, etc. Consequently, productivity and local food production have significantly increased.
In addition to the smallholder sector, the Dudley Senanayake government gave prominence to large-scale farming, enabling the transfer of new technology and thereby reducing the cost of production, improving quality, and providing wage employment for the rural poor. To this end, his government leased relatively large plots of land in the dry zone to the corporate sector and entrepreneurs. The government facilitated lessees to import machinery, equipment, vehicles, etc. This is a deviation from the previous policy of the dry zone colonisation program at a high cost to the national budget and reinforcing the smallholder system. However, large-scale farms and large landholdings were not compatible with the Land Reform Policy of Mrs Bandaranaike’s government, which came into power in 1970 with a coalition of left-wing parties. Under the land reform policy, land ownership was limited to 50 acres per person. Most of these farms were acquired by the government or abandoned by the owners due to the fear of acquisition and lack of government policy support. If this programme had been continued, it could have become much cheaper than colonisation schemes to create employment, increase production and productivity through technology, and transfer the technology to local farmers.
The newly established Mahaweli Programme had much potential for large-scale commercial farming. The open economic policy had been introduced by this time, and trade was liberalised. But the government followed the same concept of smallholder farming. Several large land blocks of marginal lands without water and infrastructure have been leased out to entrepreneurs. Due to the threats of wild animals, lack of water, agriculture proletariat and other infrastructure, the tenants abandoned most of such blocks. They passed them on to several hands with little development. All settlers in Mahaweli were equally poor, and most could not purchase agricultural equipment. Unlike their original villages, in the beginning, there were no entrepreneurs who could afford to hire equipment for small-scale farmers. If extensive holdings had been allocated to entrepreneurs randomly on arable lands, they could have been instrumental in diversifying and changing the economic structure. It could have been a facility for the poor settlers to obtain inputs and other services required for farming and daily needs. Also, they could have generated employment in off seasons and for the second generation. Sri Lanka missed both opportunities (Mahaweli and Dudley’s leasing scheme of more extensive holdings) to establish large-scale private-sector farming for rice and other food crops. If Sri Lanka had utilised the above opportunities, the food crops subsector would have been commercialised and modernised, leading to high quality and low cost with value addition, like in many other countries.
Import Ban/Restriction of Food Items
During the 1970/77 period, the policy of self-sufficiency in food and the promotional strategies for local food production has been further strengthened through import controls. Regulations were introduced to reduce rice consumption and encourage the consumption of locally gowned pulses, yams, grains, etc. A massive Food Production Drive named ‘’WagaSangramaya” was launched in 1973, and a vast enthusiasm was created among the citizen to cultivate and economise the food. All government-owned farms were fully utilised, increased seed production and introduced new crop varieties. Import bans resulting in high prices encouraged the cultivation of marginal land and uneconomical crops to the country’s agroecological condition. This overenthusiasm led to the mal-allocation of land and other resources and high-cost and low-quality products. The ban on importing all food items was not a result of the 5-Year Development Plan of the then government. Still, it was necessitated due to the foreign exchange crisis, like the situation in 2022. Before the 1970/77 period, local food production was mainly a subsistent activity of poor peasants. Due to the import restrictions, a dichotomous situation has been created in domestic agriculture. While poor peasants were doing subsistent farming, some people commenced commercial agriculture aimed at the broader local market but at low quality and high prices. However, during this period, many import substitutes, such as lentils, chillies, yams, milk, sugar etc., emerged from subsistent farming to commercial farming. Suppose the government had continued tariff protection and advisory services, with corrective measures for a few more years. In that case, some products with comparative advantages could have been established as viable economic activities.
The free trade policy introduced in 1977 allowed the import of almost everything without restrictions. The market was flooded with imported cheap food and consumer items creating a new demand for foreign exchange. The newly open trade sub-sector did not increase the foreign exchange earnings to match the increased need for food imports. Due to the sudden and unplanned trade liberalisation, commercial farmers could not face the competition from imported foods and were compelled to abandon farming. It resulted in rural unemployment, especially among the agricultural proletariat. The poor peasants, who could not integrate with the new economic order, remained subsistence farmers. The Banking system also prioritised the trade sector, which is less risky and profitable than agriculture lending. Domestic agriculture lost the policy support and backup services such as research, seed production, extension services and bank lending. Meanwhile, Mahaweli Authority established its own system to provide advisory and input services for Mahaweli farmers undermining the regular agriculture department’s authority.
The Department of Agriculture is one of the oldest departments in the country, manned by highly qualified professionals. Sri Lanka had a well-organised extension service for the food crop sector under its department of agriculture, integrated with research, demonstrations, model farms, demonstrations, in-service training for officers and a comprehensive field network comprising district-level officers (assistant directors), subject matter specialists, zonal officers (agriculture instructors) and village-level officers (KrushiVyapthiSevaka). The extension division and the research arm at the centre supported the field network. From time to time, different systems of extension service have been experimented with and implemented nationwide with uniformity. As such, extension service has been developed over the years through an evolutionary process till the late 1980s.
After establishing the provincial council system in 1987, agriculture extension was devolved to provincial councils. Since then, the sub-national level network of the extension service has lost connectivity with research and other divisions of the Agriculture Department and the Ministry. Also, the village-level extension staff (KVSs) were absorbed into the cadre of Grama Niladari, creating a vacuum at the field level. Later, in 1999 a new cadre of field officers named “Agriculture Research and Production Assistants” was appointed, but they did not have professional qualifications or experience in research or extension works. They coordinate agriculture inputs delivery and enforce agriculture-related Acts of Parliaments such as the Agrarian Development Act, The Paddy Land Act etc.Agriculture extension, especially the food crops sub-sector, has been severely affected after the devolution of power to nine independent provincial councils. Occasionally extension programmes are being implemented by provincial and national agencies without proper coordination between the two levels. Sometimes, those are incompatible with each other. Since the government has an aloof attitude toward the extension service, unprofessional business-minded agrochemical vendors are filling the vacuum with non-scientific advice. Therefore, a comprehensive national policy and strategies with a coordination mechanism at the national and sub-national levels are paramount. The extension service needs more recognition from the government at both national and provincial levels. When the government attempted for organic farming-only policy, vacuums of the extension service were visible. There was no field network of extension staff to educate farmers on organic farming, and neither the farmers nor the fertiliser vendors had scientific and practical knowledge of organic farming.
Contented at a Low Level of Achievements
For several decades, with some degree of ups and downs, a unique smallholder farming system has been developed in the country with a combination of government subsidies, some degree of tariff protections, some elements of subsistence farming and the modern agriculture techniques introduced under the green revolution (highbred seeds, chemical fertiliser, other agrochemicals, modern machinery, and equipment etc.). Under this equilibrium, the labour component of the farm inputs has decreased, and the land and labour productivity increased considerably. The country became nearly self-sufficient in rice, vegetable, fruit, and coarse grains such as maise production. Inputs supplies, prices, farming practices, farmer behaviours, consumer preferences and logistic aspects had stabilised to match this equilibrium (sufficient quantities at a relatively high price and low quality, but all stakeholders are substantially satisfied). So, to a considerable extent, the security of essential food items was ensured through local productions.
Moreover, those developments have brought the country many social and environmental benefits. Childlabour, which was abundantly used under the traditional farming system, was released from farmlands enabling them to continue with education. The customary use of women’s labour in farming was also considerably reduced, allowing them time for childcare, family welfare and other non-agricultural activities. In addition to the family food needs, most farmers could produce a marketable surplus that improved the physical quality of life. The Chena-farming (slash and burn) system, which increases the demand for land and harms the environment, has been reduced dramatically. Instead of moving from one land to another, farmers started cultivating the same land regularly with the blessing of the improved farming system. Consequently, many new settlements have developed with urban facilities, which changed the lifestyle, bringing many social and economic benefits.
However, during the Government of good governance (Yahapalana Government), from 2015 to 2019, except for chemical fertilisers, other necessary agrochemicals, especially weedicides,were suddenly banned. Sri Lanka depended for many decades on agrochemicals for weed and pest control.By this time, farmers had lost the traditional knowledge of insects and weed control.The Chena Farming system, which doesn’t require agrochemicals also not in practice. Characteristics of improved/highbred seeds were incompatible with conventional weed and pest control practices. Farm labour was not readily available, and the cost of manual wedding had become high. It is yet to develop planting and weeding tools/machinery and planting practices appropriate to our agroecological conditions, soil conditions, and terrain and acceptable to smallholder farmers. This new situation mainly affected tea plantations and Paddy cultivation. Seed broadcasting, the paddy cultivation practice commonly used by farmers, is inappropriate for mechanical weeding. So, farmers could not positively respond to the new challenge. Consequent to the new challenge, farmers faced increasing production costs, while productivity fell below the previous years. Some farmers abandoned the cultivation. After banning the agrochemicals, the Paddy production in the 2016 Yala season dropped to 1,517,392 metric tons from 1,942,408 metric tons in Yala, 2015. Further, the production of the 2016/17 Maha season has fallen to 1,473,832 from 2,902 693 metric tons in the 2015/16 Maha season. This downfall is not purely attributable to the agrochemical ban; climatic and other factors may have contributed to it.
For many years, the use of herbicides had been promoted as a cost-cutting technic in the tea plantation. When labour became more expensive, weedicides became a blessing in disguise for the tea plantations to reduce the cost of production. Like the paddy sector, the country had not developed planting methods and appropriate tools/ machinery for weed control in tea plantations. Consequently, the cost of production increased, and productivity dropped. In 2016, tea production fell to 292,000 metric tons from 328,960 tons in 2015.
The Sri Lanka National Agriculture Policy- 2020 accepts that the productivity of the agriculture sector in Sri Lanka still needs to improve. It further says, “The agriculture sector was also not geared to absorb the rural unemployed compared to the other sectors of the economy. It is necessary to reverse this trend and improve the agricultural sector to meet the aspirations of the people, particularly that of the farming community.” Further, the policy highlights the need for promoting the production and utilisation of organic and bio-fertilisers and gradually reducing the use of chemical fertiliser through the Integrated Plant Nutrition System, ensuring timely availability of chemical fertilisers in sufficient quantities, and providing soil and plant testing facilities for their rational use and minimising the use of synthetic pesticides through promoting bio-pesticides and integrated pest management. This policy and strategy about agrochemicals seem sensible and timely. However, any attempt to absorb the ever-increasing unemployed into agriculture would be an attempt to share poverty with the second and third generations.
While farmers were attempting to adapt to the situation created by banning agrochemicals by the the Mithripala government, banning the import and use of chemical fertilisers without prior notice, preparedness, and alternatives by the Gotabaya government in April 2021, affected the entire society and the economy facing famine by much of the population. It is contradictory to the documented policy and strategies of the agriculture sector. The move is suspected of an attempt to save US$ 300 to 400 million in foreign exchange, which the country spends annually to import fertiliser. Before the public, the President justified this move as the remedy to prevent increasing kidney disease and materialise the Sri Lankans’ rights to non-toxic food. He further promised to compensate for the income loss due to organic fertiliser application and import organic fertiliser to fill the gap due to the sudden decision. He also expected Sri Lanka to be the first to adopt the 100 per cent eco-friendly organic farming policy.
The farmers’ attempt to produce organic fertiliser in homesteads failed due to a lack of sufficient biomass and the long gestation period. Fertilisers produced by some entrepreneurs were of inferior quality, not acceptable to farmers and many malpractices were evident. An attempt to import organic fertiliser from China failed due to the debate on quality and procedural issues. The desperate government attempted to import organic liquid nitrogen from India. But that also ended up with quality issues and corrupt practices. The production loss was enormous, and the government did not have sufficient funds to compensate for the income loss of farmers. Eventually, the government ended up with a nightmare of wasting more foreign exchange, which was in short supply, to import fertiliser and essential food items. The outcome is creating a black-market price for agricultural inputs and food items. Towards the end of 2022, 78% of the population became food insecure.Most of the farmers abandoned the cultivation of seasonal crops. The productivity and quality of plantation and perennial crops have dropped drastically. Paddy production in the 2021/22 Maha season dropped to 1,931,230 metric tons from 3,061,394 metric tons in the previous Maha season. The average production per hectare also dropped from 4,307 Kg. to 2,853 kg.
After creating a big socio-political and economic nightmare, the government wriggled out of the concept of organic farming. Restriction for importing and using agrochemicals, including chemical fertiliser, was removed in early 2022, leaving long-lasting adverse effects. Though the ban was lifted, the agrochemical market was distorted by unscrupulous importers and traders, making the price unaffordable to farmers. This distortion may remain for a few more cultivation seasons. Perhaps some farmers who have left farming may not recommence. This nonsensical policy decision of 100% organic farming destroyed the entire agriculture sector built through subsidies and some degree of scientific inputs for more than 80 years. The government should have realised that the country doesn’t have sufficient biomass to produce the organic fertiliser required for 100% organic farming. Most of the land used for seasonal crops in Sri Lanka cultivate for 2 or 3 crops a year without a fallow season, leaving little room for the natural process of soil enrichment. Therefore, using a high dose of fertilisers is a must.
The Mithripal-Ranil government and the Gotabaya Rajapakse government justified the ban based on the assumption that the cause of chronic kidney disease of unknown origin is the continuous use of agrochemicals in agriculture. However, it is yet to be proven scientifically. Though we exaggerate the ancient glory, the high price, periodical and seasonal scarcity of food and starvation was common problem till the recent past, which highly affected the poor. Though agriculture has not developed as it should, consequent to the green revolution and the Mahaweli scheme, the food supply situation improved, and the price became affordable for most of the population. Whatever the economic and political issues we face from time to time, farmers cultivated without room for famine. The immediate impact of the organic food policy was that food inflation in September 2022 had increased to 94.9%, per the Colombo Consumer Price Index. According to a survey conducted by WFP in September 2022, more than 1/3 of the population is in food insecurity, which rapidly increases child malnutrition. Though organic farming is a good move to provide healthy food, if the country continues with that policy, most people will not be able to afford the high price of organic food. They may face starvation and periodic and seasonal food scarcity again. Then, the better-off, who can afford the expensive organic food, would live longer, while the life expectancy of the majority is decreasing.
Layman consumers believe that the frequent insecticide/fungicide sprays on vegetables and fruits are more dangerous than weedicides and chemical fertilisers. The fundamental problem in Sri Lankan agriculture is not the use of agrochemicals but the overdose for various reasons. The farmers’ knowledge of fertiliser and other agrochemical applications in what quantity, time, soil types, type of pest etc., are limited. They learn by trial-and-error method, not by understanding the chemical composition. If one chemical is not answering, they use another. Vendors prescribe those, and vendors also learn from the trial-and-error experience of farmers. In most farmlands, broadcasted urea is exposed to sun and rain, allowing a considerable amount to evaporate, or wash off.
To be Continued | <urn:uuid:71932bbf-7915-4b49-bf6b-dd3aecbcee77> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | http://slguardian.org/starvation-in-sri-lanka-is-it-a-product-of-policy-makers-and-professionals-part-1/ | 2024-04-12T16:17:52Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.956267 | 5,431 | 6,449 |
F1:- Ferrari have signed former Honda engineer Osamu Goto to lead their engine development team for the 1994 Formula One season.
PARIS-DAKAR RALLY Positions after 9th special stage: hrs mins secs 1 P Lartigue Fr Citroen ZX 15:37.55 2 E Weber Ger Mitsubishi @ 0:19.22 3 K Shinozuka Jpn Mitsubishi @ 0:22.00 4 H Auriol Fr Citroen ZX @ 1:19.36 5 JP Fontenay Fr Mitsubishi @ 1:43.38 6 P Wambergue Fr Subaru @ 2:54.08 7 J Schlesser Fr Schlesser @ 3:49.58 8 F G'manetti It Nissan @ 3:56.43 9 S Servia Sp Lancia @ 4:01.27 10 G Beccaris It Nissan @ 4:26.21Michel Sansen of Belgium was killed when his motorcycle crashed at high speed in Mauretania.
06.01.94 - F1Oliver Gavin has been named as test driver for new Formula One team Pacific Grand Prix. The 21-year-old Briton finished second in the 1993 British F3 Championship. He will also race for Pacific in the 1994 European F3000 Championship. French Formula One team Larrousse have named Olivier Beretta, 24, as one of their two drivers for this year's championship.
08.01.94 - PARIS-DAKAR RALLY Positions after 14th special stage: hrs mins secs 1 P Lartigue Fr Citroen ZX 28:22.09 2 H Auriol Fr Citroen ZX @ 1:27.14 3 K Shinozuka Jpn Mitsubishi @ 4:25.08 4 JP Fontenay Fr Mitsubishi @ 4:50.05 5 F G'manetti It Nissan @10:05.34 6 G Vismara It R'ge Rover @10:11.30 7 T Dalmau Sp Mercedes @11:06.02 8 H Masuoka Jpn Mitsubishi @11:40.49 9 B Saby Fr Mitsubishi @12:19.11 10 J Rivieres Fr Bourgoin @13:16.51Hubert Auriol won special stage 14 in 6:02.56 from Pierre Lartigue and Hiro Masuoka.
09.01.94F1:- British Formula One driver Mark Blundell is expected to join the Tyrrell Grand Prix team on Tuesday according to sources close to the team. Blundell was previously with Brabham and Ligier.
PARIS-DAKAR RALLY - SS15 was stopped after the cars, trucks and motorcycles all struggled in the soft sand near Mauritania.
11.01.94F1:- The Sasol Jordan Formula One team have revealed their new car for the1994 World Championship season. Brazilian driver Rubens Barrichello said the new Jordan-Hart 194 was "very impressive" after taking the car around the Silverstone circuit. Team owner Eddie Jordan has yet to confirm their other driver for 1994 but Britain's Martin Brundle is among the favourites for the drive.
PARIS-DAKAR RALLY Positions after 16th special stage: hrs mins secs 1 P Lartigue Fr Citroen ZX 31:45.09 2 H Auriol Fr Citroen ZX @ 1:29.14 3 K Shinozuka Jpn Mitsubishi @ 4:27.08 4 JP Fontenay Fr Mitsubishi @ 5:00.05 5 P Wambergue Fr Bourgoin @11:03.41 6 H Masuoka Jpn Mitsubishi @12:23.49 7 B Saby Fr Mitsubishi @12:27.11 8 J Rivieres Fr Bourgoin @13:49.51 9 V Cauwenbe Bel Toyota @14:57.14 10 F G'manetti It Nissan @15:33.04After ploughing through the Mauritanian desert, Mitsubishi withdrew their cars from further stages for safety reasons.
12.01.94 - PARIS-DAKAR RALLY Positions after 18th special stage: hrs mins secs 1 P Lartigue Fr Citroen 37:18.07 2 H Auriol Fr Citroen @ 1:27.34 3 P Wambergue Fr Bourgoin @11:42.15 4 H Masuoka Jpn Mitsubishi @13:04.20 5 F G'manetti It Nissan @16:16.27 6 V Cauwenbe Bel Toyota @16:46.50 7 T Dalmau Sp Mercedes @17:14.29 8 G Vismara It RangeRover @17:16.22 9 B T Harkel Hol Mitsubishi @17:16.51 10 J Riviere Fr Bourgoin @17:39.15 13.01.94 - PARIS-DAKAR RALLY Positions after 20th special stage: hrs mins secs 1 P Lartigue Fr Citroen 42:52.18 2 H Auriol Fr Citroen @ 1:27.58 3 P Wambergue Fr Bourgoin @12:08.20 4 H Masuoka Jpn Mitsubishi @14:14.17 5 F G'manetti It Nissan @16:49.41 6 J Riviere Fr Bourgoin @17:45.10 7 G Vismara It RangeRover @17:48.55 8 T Dalmau Sp Mercedes @17:54.01 9 B T Harkel Hol Mitsubishi @18:13.36 10 V Cauwenbe Bel Toyota @18:37.13 15.01.94F1:- Benetton have named Finn JJ Lehto as their second driver for the 1994 Formula One season, teaming up with German Michael Schumacher. They have also signed Dutchman Jos Verstappen as test driver on a two year agreement, pipping McLaren and Footwork for his services. Benetton will be using the new Ford Zetec-R engine and the Ford B194 will be fitted with conventional front and rear suspension. The Enstone based team has teamed up with Japan Tobacco Inc to run the Mild Seven Benetton Ford.
PARIS-DAKAR RALLY Result after 24 special stages: hrs mins secs 1 P Lartigue Fr Citroen 44:29.27 2 H Auriol Fr Citroen @ 1:28.35 3 P Wambergue Fr Bourgoin @12:22.27 4 H Masuoka Jpn Mitsubishi @14:34.51 5 F G'manetti It Nissan @17:04.56 6 J Riviere Fr Bourgoin @17:47.56 7 G Vismara It RangeRover @17:59.34 8 T Dalmau Sp Mercedes @18:02.25 9 B T Harkel Hol Mitsubishi @18:36.14 10 V Cauwenbe Bel Toyota @19:06.58 17.01.94SPORTSCARS:- Honda will take part in the Le Mans24 Hours race this year for the first time. The Japanese carmaker's NFX cars have been entered in the GT category for production cars.
NEWS:- Lord Hesketh is to succeed the late Innes Ireland as president of the British Racing Drivers Club.
19.01.94 - F1Northern Ireland's Eddie Irvine is expected to be named as Jordan's second driver for the 1994 season. Irvine is reported to have agreed to race alongside Brazilian Rubens Barrichello and will test the team's new F1 car at Estoril. Irvine drove two races for Jordan at the end of last season, gaining worldwide attention after his debut at the Japanese Grand Prix. He finished sixth and was later involved in a fight with Ayrton Senna, who accused him of dangerous driving.
Frank Williams has said that Alain Prost cannot return to Formula One with another team after retiring at the end of last season. Prost drove to his fourth title last year as part of the Williams team before retiring half-way through a two-year contract.
There has been talk that he may now join McLaren but Williams said: "He is not contracturally free to race with any other team in 1994." Williams added he doubted that Prost really wanted to return. "He retired which was his privilege."
20.01.94 - F1Brazilian Christian Fittipaldi will drive for Footwork in this year's Formula One world championship.
21.01.94 - F1McLaren kept their second driver's slot open when the deadline for entries in this year's Formula One world championship closed on Friday. The decision refuelled speculation that the team are trying to tempt Alain Prost out of retirement to drive with Mika Hakkinen. But Williams, with whom Prost won last year's title, insist he is still under contract to them. Ayrton Senna and Damon Hill were, as expected, nominated as the two drivers for the Williams team.
WILLIAMS A Senna Brz 0 D Hill GB 2 TYRRELL U Katamaya Jpn 3 M Blundell GB 4 BENETTON M Schumacher Ger 5 J Lehto Fin 6 McLAREN M Hakkinen Fin 7 To be announced 8 FOOTWORK C Fittipaldi Brz 9 To be announced 10 LOTUS J Herbert GB 11 P Lamy Por 12 JORDAN R Barrichello Brz 14 E Irvine GB 15 LARROUSSE E Comas Fr 19 O Beretta Fr 20 MINARDI To be announced 23 To be announced 24 LIGIER E Bernard Fr 25 To be announced 26 FERRARI J Alesi Fr 27 G Berger Aut 28 SAUBER K Wendlinger Aut 29 H-H Frentzen Ger 30 SIMTEK D Brabham Aus 31 J`M Gounon Fr 32 PACIFIC P Belmondo Fr 33 B Gachot Bel 34 22.01.94F1:- Benetton Formula One driver JJ Lehto will be moved to the London Clinic following his accident at Silverstone. The Finnish driver had been taken to hospital following the crash in which he damaged his vertabrae.
MONTE CARLO RALLY The 1994 FIA World Championship gets underway on Monday with the opening round in Monte Carlo. Flying Finn Juha Kankkunen, who captured his fourth world title in thrilling style last year, will once again be the man to beat. Colin McRae spearheads the British challenge, while his new Subaru teammate Carlos Sainz is aiming to get back to his best after a disappointing 1993. Didier Auriol will be chasing a hat-trick after winning in Monte Carlo for the last two years.
Contestants headed for the starting line from six points across Europe on Saturday, the official but non-competitive start of the rally. The cars are due to arrive in the Alpine City of Valence on Sunday, with the event getting underway Monday morning. The first leg begins in Saint Pierreville and stretches for 22 miles. The rally will cover nearly two dozen sections of winding roads in all, finishing up in Monte Carlo itself next Thursday.
23.01.94 - F1Triple world champion Ayrton Senna began his Williams career in fine fashion, finishing fastest in the four-day Formula One test session. Senna completed 175 laps during the dry session in Estoril, Portugal which ended on Sunday. The Brazilian pushed hard during his first drive in the Williams-Renault FW15D, clocking a best time of 1 min, 12.49 secs. Despite a couple of spins at the same corner he was very happy with his performance and said: "I learnt a lot about the car and the team."
24.01.94F1:- World champion Alain Prost has hinted that he may return to Formula One racing this season. The Frenchman, who announced his retirement on the way to winning the title for Williams last year, is being tempted back by McLaren. He said: "Since rumours have been circulating about my possible return to competition, I have been wondering what people were thinking. Whatever final decision I take, for which no deadline has been fixed, I know it will not be easy."
MONTE CARLO RALLY Positions after 6 stages (end of day 1) hrs mins secs 1 F Delecour Fr Ford Escort 1:51.46 2 C Sainz Sp Subaru @ 00.22 3 J Kankkunen Fin Toyota @ 00.25 4 M Biasion It Ford Escort @ 00.49 5 B Thiry Fr Ford Escort @ 02.35 6 K Eriksson Swe Mitsubishi @ 03.29 7 A Oreille Fr Renault @ 05.57 8 J Ragnotti Fr Renault @ 06.15 9 P-M Jenot Fr Ford Escort @ 09.25 10 M Gregis It Lancia @ 11.23Colin McRae's hopes of victory were dashed when spectator 'sabotage' saw him crash into a tree. The Subaru driver was in second spot when leader Armin Schwarz slid off the road after spectators had thrown snow into his path. McRae swerved to avoid the German Mitsubishi driver on the third stage and was left 38 minutes in arrears with a badly damaged car. Defending champion Didier Auriol then took the lead but spun out on stage five, leaving Francois Delecour ahead after six stages.
25.01.94F1:- Finnish Grand Prix driver JJ Lehto is in excellent condition after surgery following his crash during testing last Sunday. Lehto is expected to be released from the clinic at the weekend and should resume driving in eight weeks time.
MONTE CARLO RALLY Positions after 12 stages: hrs mins secs 1 F Delecour Fr Ford Escort 3:35.28 2 J Kankkunen Fin Toyota @ 0.44 3 C Sainz Sp Subaru @ 2.06 4 M Biasion It Ford Escort @ 2.54 5 B Thiry Fr Ford Escort @ 4.38 6 K Eriksson Swe Mitsubishi @ 6.38 7 J Ragnotti Fr Renault @ 13.13 8 A Oreille Fr Renault @ 13.27 9 A Schwarz Ger Mitsubishi @ 18.32 10 P-M Jenot Fr Ford Escort @ 21.00Frenchman Francois Delecour ended the second day with a 44-second lead over Finn Juha Kankkunen but was still under pressure. Kankkunen, the world champion, led the Escort Cosworth driver by 12 seconds over the last stage of the day to stay in touch in the Toyota. Spain's Carlos Sainz is in third place a further 1 min 22 secs behind Kankkunen. Scotsman Colin McRae finished the day in 20th place in his Subaru.
26.01.94 - MONTE CARLO RALLY Positions after 16 stages: hrs mins secs 1 F Delecour Fr Ford Escort 4:49.15 2 J Kankkunen Fin Toyota @ 1.33 3 C Sainz Sp Subaru @ 2.04 4 M Biasion It Ford Escort @ 4.27 5 B Thiry Fr Ford Escort @ 6.05 6 K Eriksson Swe Mitsubishi @ 7.10 7 A Schwarz Ger Mitsubishi @ 18.12 8 P-M Jenot Fr Ford Escort @ 27.26 9 J Puras Sp Ford Escort @ 30.51 10 J Ragnotti Fr Renault @ 37.15Francois Delecour was on the verge of Ford's first Monte Carlo rally win as he more than doubled his lead over Juha Kankkunen. The Frenchman increased the gap to one minute 33 seconds after Wednesday's four stages. Delecour won the opening stage but as he let up, German Armin Schwarz took the next two and Scotland's Colin McRae won the last one. Former Irish Tour de France winner Stephen Roche is in 65th place in his first Monto Carlo rally.
27.01.94F1:- Alain Prost is not expected to be named as part of the McLaren driver line-up when the team unveil their new MP4/9 car on Friday. Prost retired from F1 after winning his fourth world title at Williams last year but had been widely tipped to return with McLaren. A spokesman said boss Ron Dennis had spoken to Prost but he was only one of a number of drivers who may earn a seat alongside Mika Hakkinen. Prost may have to return a large 'golden handshake' if he chooses to return to F1 with a rival team.
MONTE CARLO RALLY Result after 22 special stages: hrs mins secs 1 F Delecour Fr Ford Escort 6:12.20 2 J Kankkunen Fin Toyota 6:13.25 3 C Sainz Sp Subaru 6:14.07 4 M Biasion It Ford Escort 6:16.56 5 K Eriksson Swe Mitsubishi 6:19.17 6 B Thiry Fr Ford Escort 6:19.18 7 A Schwarz Ger Mitsubishi 6:29.19 8 P-M Jenot Fr Ford Escort 6:49.16 9 J Puras Sp Ford Escort 6:53.49 10 C McRae GB Subaru 7:01.30Frenchman Francois Delecour gave Ford a long-awaited win when he won the Monte Carlo Rally for the first time, ahead of Juha Kankkunen. Delecour, who started the final night with a 1 min 33 sec lead over the world champion, kept his cool to give Ford their first win in the principality in 41 years. Kankkunen held off a strong challenge for second place from Carlos Sainz. Britain's Colin McRae battled his way into 10th place.
28.01.94 - F1Alain Prost could be a test driver for McLaren before a possible return to Formula One with the team this year. McLaren boss Ron Dennis confirmed he was still talking to the four time world champion, who retired at the end of last season. Dennis added that discussions would continue between now and March 18, the final date for McLaren to name its second driver to Mika Hakkinen. Williams team owner Frank Williams said last week it would be "deeply embarrassing" if Prost came back.
29.01.94 - F1JJ Lehto will be fit to make his Benetton debut at the Brazilian Grand Prix on March 27 despite his recent high-speed crash. The Finn suffered a serious neck injury in testing at Silverstone earlier this month but expects to be fit by the beginning of March.
02.02.94INDYCAR:- Nigel Mansell broke his own unofficial lap record for the Laguna Seca Raceway in California during testing on Monday. A spokesman for the Newman-Haas racing team confirmed his new record time of one minute 10.47 seconds, beating his previous best of 1:10.80 set last year. Emerson Fittipaldi set the official track record of 1:12.296. Mansell said: "The car is just fabulous but it will be difficult to repeat this time."
F1:- Ferrari have unveiled their new Formula One car in Maranello. The gearbox was created by British designer John Barnard.
03.02.94 - F1Williams Formula One team boss Frank Williams says he has not been approached to free Alain Prost from the second year of his contract. Williams insists that if the retired world champion wished to make a comeback, he would have to seek permission from the team. Prost has been involved in talks with the McLaren team about a possible return to Formula One. Williams said: "No attempt has been made to gain his release from the second year of his contract."
04.02.94 - F1Italian Michele Alboreto will team up with compatriot Pierluigi Martini to drive for the Minardi Formula One team this season. He has won five Grands Prix, the last in 1985 and drove for the Lola team in 1993
07.02.94 - DAYTONA 24HRSUS quartet Paul Gentilozzi, Steve Millen, Scott Pruett and Butch Leitzinger drove a Nissan 300 ZX to the first GTS-class victory in 17 years in the Daytona 24 Hours.
10.02.94 - F3000Lola Cars will be represented in the 1994 FIA International F3000 Championship as Nordic Racing will race two of their vehicles.
18.02.94 - F1Sasol Jordan will be the first Formula One team to try out the new re-fuelling equipment which is set to be introduced this season. Jordan driver Eddie Irvine will test the Jordan-Hart 194 in Barcelona in a long-distance race next week. Pacific Grand Prix completed a systems check on their new Formula One car at Snetterton.
23.02.94 - F1Pacific Grand Prix's first chance to test Pacific-Ilmor PR01 on a full circuit saw a very impressive showing from the car and driver. Bertrand Gachot lapped the Grand Prix circuit at Silverstone in 1min 26.8secs before snow ended his 15-lap run.
24.02.94 - F1Ken Tyrrell's Formula One team have unveiled their new Tyrrell-Yamaha 022 car at the London Motor Racing Show at Olympia.
26.02.94 - MINTEX NATIONAL RALLYDavid Gillanders of Aberdeen has won the opening round of the Mintex National rally series. He and co-driver John Bennie finished in front of fellow Scots Raymond Munroe and Graham Brunton.
28.02.94 - PORUGUESE RALLYFrancois Delecour will be aiming to follow up his success in Monte Carlo with another victory in the Rally of Portugal starting Tuesday. The Frenchman, an easy winner of last year's rally, is seeded No 1 for the first time at this level. The four-day rally gets underway in Estoril and features 11 asphalt stages on the first stretch to Povoa de Varzim. The rest of the 36 special stages are on gravel, with the finish back in Estoril. | <urn:uuid:794d2d91-e688-4b20-a347-915a171dc645> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | http://www.dlg.speedfreaks.org/archive/1994/janfeb94.html | 2024-04-12T15:09:45Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.91047 | 4,666 | 5,838 |
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1. Juicer Machines, Aicok Slow Masticating Juicer Extractor Easy to Clean, Quiet Motor & Reverse Function, BPA-Free, Cold Press Juicer with Brush, Juice Recipes for Vegetables and Fruits
- ???? UPGRADE THE SPIRAL SYSTEM – 7 segment spiral opening up each cell for maximum juice yield, minimal oxidation, most nutrition.
- ???? 80 RPM SLOW MASTICATING AND GRINDING – 90% More Nutrition Growth. Without creating too much heat and friction, reserves the vitamins, enzymes, minerals, trace minerals and nutrients. Less foaming and no clogging.
- ???? JUICE & PULP SEPARATION FUNCTION – Perfectly separates the pomace from the juice, and extracts the nutrients from the fruits and vegetables into juice. Enjoy the pleasure of less pulp.
- ???? BABY HEALTH AND SILENT – Runs less than 60 decibels. Safe PMMA material, easy to assemble, operate, and clean, dishwasher-safe parts make cleanup a breeze. A heavy-duty and stable body that let you enjoy a quiet life.
- ???? 2 YEARS WARRANTY + 1 YEAR EXTRA WARRANTY – Juicer using advanced technology, UL, ETL certification. Provide lifelong technical consultation and customer service.
Aicok Juicer Queen is the best choice on the masticating juicer market. Lead your life better!
1. Upgraded spiral system
Compared to other juicers, it has an upgraded spiral system for better nutrient extraction. Extract maximum juice yield, minimal oxidation.
2. Quiet motor
Quiet juice extraction process, even if used in the morning or at night, will not wake up the sleeping person.
3. Baby health
Fruit juice and pulp are perfectly separated, solve the problem that children don’t like fruit. Let the children drink nutritious juice.
4. Prevent clogging
Reverse function can quickly and effectively solve the jam of juice. Easy to clean and use.
● To protect the motor, the juicer will start working after 3 seconds when you press ” Start ” to hear the BI sound.
● It isn’t recommended to use the juicer for more than 20 minutes, which will affect the motor use next time.
● Do not put any hard material, large seeds, ice or frozen products into the feed hole of the juice extractor.
Wattage: 150 W
Voltage: 110 V
Speed: 80 rpm
Product caliber: 45mm / 1.77inch
UL, ETL Certified.
2. Jocuu Slow Masticating Juicer Machines with Brush & Recipes, Juice Extractor for Fruits and Vegtables with Quiet Motor Easy to Clean, Gray
- ????????Christmas Sale! Happy Gift???? 【Nutrient Extraction】: 150W motor masticating juicer can perfectly separate juice and pulp, extract high-purity juice, and maintain high nutritional value. Jocuu Slow juicer not only preserves the maximum nutrients in fruits and vegetables, but also reduces the rate of oxidation. Thanks to the separation of juice and pulp, you can enjoy fresh and healthy juice with less foam and pure flavor.
- ????【Two-speed Design】: Juice extractor soft/hard 2-speed control makes it easy to squeeze juice from a variety of fruits and vegetables. In just a few seconds, you can drink a juice with almost no flesh and foam. Nourish your life.
- ????【Health Experience】: All detachable parts are made of high quality food grade antioxidant material, and the juicer machines operates at low speed silent motor, less than 60 decibels, allowing you to enjoy a quiet environment and a healthy life when juicing. Fine grinding preserves the nutritional value of fruits and vegetables to the greatest extent possible.
- ????【Easy to Disassemble and Easy to Clean】: One-touch assembly design allows you to disassemble the juicer in seconds. And the dishwasher is safe and easy to clean. It has a reverse function to avoid jamming and help you clean，It is equipped with a cleaning brush to make the juicers cleaner easier and more convenient.
- ????【Premium After-sales】: For Amazon customers, this product comes with 1-Month Free Trial & Lifelong Technical Support & 24 Hours Premium Service. If you have any questions about the juicer, please contact us first and we will provide you with the best solution at the first time.
3. MEOMY Masticating Juicer Machines, Slow Cold Press Juicer with Ceramic Auger, 2-Modes High Yield Juice Extractor with Recipes for Fruits and Vegetables, Easy to Clean with Brush, BPA-Free
- ✅????New Year Sale! Excellent Gift???? 9 SEGMENT CERAMIC SPIRAL SYSTEM: Market-leading material, MEOMY masticating juicer uses healthier and stronger ceramic auger (79 times the hardness of ordinary plastic), 9 segment longer ceramic spiral system allows you to easily extract various hard fruits and vegetables in a few minutes, retain more juice, vitamins and minerals in your cup. Say goodbye to cheap plastic spiral, MEOMY slow juicer meet your daily need for a green and healthy juice.
- ✅SLOW MASTICATING AND GRINDING TECHNOLOGY: 70 RPM slow speed and approximate vacuum spiral extrusion environment to minimize heat build-up, oxidation and reduce foam during masticating, reserves fruit and vegetable vitamins, enzymes, minerals, trace elements, and nutrients, 90% More Nutrition Growth, juice can be stored for up to 72 hours.
- ✅MULTI-FUNCTIONAL JUICE MODE: [Pure Juice Mode] Juice and pulp are perfectly separated, extracting nutrients from fruits and vegetables, enjoy the original taste. [Juice With Pulp mode] juice is mixed with a small amount of pulp, most of the nutritional fibers in fruits and vegetables are stored in the pulp. This mode does not damage the pulp particles and retains the more natural fiber.
- ✅QUIET & EASY TO USE AND CLEAN: Copper silent motors provide you a quiet juice extraction environment. It has a reverse function to avoid stuck and helps you to clean. Just press the reverse button once to achieve 3S reversal, rather than keep pressing the button. Equipped with a safety lock design that can help you to assemble and disassemble in minutes, easy cleaning with a brush or can be safely cleaned in your dishwasher.
- ✅WARRANTY AND SERVICE: 2 year warranty & lifetime technical support, through MEOMY VIP card register for a free extended warranty to 3 years and get a 6 month free return service. MEOMY juicer has obtained UL, FDA and FCC certification, customer satisfaction is our greatest motivation, If you have any question, just contact MEOMY customer service, looking forward to meeting you.
4. KOIOS Juicer, Slow Masticating Juicer Extractor with Reverse Function, Cold Press Juicer Machine with Quiet Motor, Juice Jug and Brush for High Nutrient Fruit and Vegetable Juice
- 【Multi-Application】: Masticating Juicer can extract all kinds of fibrous fruits and vegetables, such as celery, ginger, leafy greens, carrot, apples, oranges, etc. It is a worth investing for a comfortable family to purchase this masticating juicer extractor.
- 【Quiet and Convenient】: The juicer is less than 60db when working. And it is easy to assemble, operate, and clean, dishwasher-safe parts make clean up a breeze. You will enjoy a quiet environment and healthy life when making juice, thanks to the perfect design.
- 【Higher Nutritional Value】: Compared to centrifugal juicer, the masticating juicer keeps the minerals, enzymes, vitamins, trace minerals and nutrients from being destroyed. It is the best to keep minimal Oxidation, low heat build-up, less foaming and no clogging.
- 【Higher Juicer Yield】: Compared to centrifugal juicers, slow juicer is higher juice yield by the auger squeezing and reverse function. You will get really taste, so delicious, flavorful, rich, and concentrated due to the juice extractor.
- 【What You Get】: Slow juicer adopts advanced technology and is made of baby food grade BPA-free materials. Our motor is covered by a 10 years warranty. The remaining parts are covered by a 3 years warranty. ETL, FDA Certification. And we provide lifelong technical consultation and customer service.
5. Hamilton Beach (67951) Masticating Juicer Slow Action, Electric, For Fruits & Vegetables Standard Silver
- Create fresh, cold-pressed juice at home. Juice a variety of fruits and vegetables. Easy to assemble.
- 3-Year limited from the #1 selling juice Extractor brand*. Includes access to us-based customer support.
- Easy to clean. Removable parts easily rinse clean. No scrubbing or scouring. Easier to clean than traditional juicers. Cleaning brush included.
- Lower energy and less noise. Just 150 watts of power creates a quiet, slow press.
- Smoother results. Masticating action creates smoother texture and less separation than the leading Centrifugal juicer. Extracts 2x more juice when juicing spinach.
Adding more fruits and vegetables to your diet is a great idea, and the Hamilton Beach Low Speed Juice Extractor can help keep you going strong, whether you’re adding juicing to your lifestyle or just love a fresh glass of juice to start your day. Having a juice extractor at home makes it easy to prepare delicious, wholesome juices using your favorite fruits and vegetables with no added ingredients or preservatives. And the low-speed, quiet motor is perfect for extracting all the goodness from vegetables, fruits, leafy greens, and wheatgrass. This juicer assembles very quickly with a few twists. When you are ready to juice, simply plug it in, set up the juice and pulp cups, turn it on, and begin adding fruit or vegetables to the chute. The slow juicer’s masticating action crushes and squeezes produce to extract the maximum amount of juice. Once your juice is ready to serve, a separator keeps the foam from pouring out with the juice. All the parts are dishwasher safe and cleaning up is easier than most juice extractors because the strainer rinses clean with running water. Follow a recipe from the included booklet, or create your own flavor combinations. Make fresh juice with minimal effort and easy cleanup. ..now that’s Good Thinking.
6. Kuvings BPA-Free Whole Slow Juicer Silver B6000S with Sortbet Maker, Cleaning Tool Set, Smart Cap and Recipe Book
- Wide Feeding Chute for easy and fresh juicing Easy clean system Easy assembly Smart Cap Kuvings slow juicer’s patented technology World’s strongest brushless motor Crafted for safety
- Made of Ultem Tritan ABS and PC Premium design shape makes your kitchen more beautiful.
- Easy clean system Smart Cap Convenient and Spotless Stop dripping Easily self rinse External rotating easy brush
- Powerful 240W Motor Quiet operation Can process very fibrous fruits and vegetables Unit stays cool quiet and stable Dual safety system with 3-way ventilation 60 RPM 120 V
- Unique patented technology called J.M.C.S (Juicer Module Comprising System) to extract nutrients
- 110V USA/CANADA USE ONLY
The Brand New Kuvings Whole Slow Juicer (Big Mouth Innovation) will simply save so much preparation time and produce a glass of fresh juice in just a few seconds. Now It’s easier than ever to enjoy fresh juice that allows your body to absorb about 4 times more nutrition than by eating whole fruits. This unique Kuvings juicer can crush and squeeze whole apples at once preventing unwanted oxidation that occurs when you have to cut produce to fit small mouth juicers. The Wide Mouth Juicer takes uncut ingredients and leaves no juice behind to provide maximum nutrition for your body. The juicer is easy to operate, just follow the red dot indicators.
7. Mooka Juicer, Slow Masticating Juicer Extractor with Price-Change Refunds Guaranty, 2-Year Warranty
- 【Versatile Capability】: Slow Juicer can extract the juice from various fruits & vegetables, including ginger, leafy greens and hard vegetables etc.
- 【Higher Nutritional Value】: A low-speed juicing system that rotates at 80 RPM keeps nutrients from being destroyed as opposed to common centrifugal juicers.
- 【Maximum Juicer Yield】: This juicer maximizes the juice yield with up to 80% extraction, meaning more nutrients get released from the fruits and vegetables.
- 【Quick and Quiet】: Easy to assemble, operate, and clean. All detachable parts are BPA-free and can be safely cleaned in your dishwasher, whilst the motor noise is less than 60 db.
- 【Warranty & Service】: The Mooka slow juicer is implemented with the latest technology and has achieved UL, ETL and FDA certification. We provide lifelong technical support and customer service. Our motor is covered by a 2 years warranty. The remaining parts are covered by a 1 years warranty. A free recipe e-book is sent you upon purchase. You can also follow a recipe from the included booklet, or be creative and make your own flavor combinations.
8. Caynel Whole Slow Juicer, Masticating Cold Press Juicer Machine Easy to Clean, Higher Nutrients and Vitamins, Eastman Tritan Material BPA-Free, Ultra Efficient 200W, 50RPMs, Ceramic White
- ULTRA EFFICIENT: 200W specialized AC induction motor crushes the toughest ingredients with ease, generate less noise, vibration, and distractions. Work with lower speed (40-65 RPM) , which is good for retaining the nutritional value of the fruits, veggies and greens.
- VERSATILE: extract everything from fruits, vegetables and herbs. Such as celery, wheatgrass, ginger,leafy greens, carrot, apples, oranges, etc. Easier to enjoy fresh juice that your body absorbs about 4 times more nutrition than by just eating whole fruits.
- LARGE FEED CHUTE: The 3 inch extra wide feed chute easily accepts large pieces of fruits and vegetables greatly reducing prep times. Drip-free juice spout helps create mixed juices and rinse between recipes.
- TRITAN MATERIAL: all detachable parts are made of high quality Tritan food grade anti-oxidation materials, BPA-free. Clean-up is a breeze! Easy cleaning with a bonus brush. All removable parts can be safely cleaned in dishwasher.
- WARRANTY: ETL approved with advanced safety technology for long lasting durability. Industry leading 10-year warranty covering parts and performance, Caynel customer service team guarantees you will be juicing for many years to come.
9. Juicer Machine, Aicok Easy Clean Juice Extractor, 800W Centrifugal Juicer with 3” Wide Mouth, Dual Speed Stainless Steel Juicer with Anti-drip Mouth, Non-slip feet, BPA Free
- ???? FOOD-GRADE SAFETY MATERIAL – With 304 Culinary grade stainless-steel cutting disc and filter, and food-grade plastic material BPA-free, drinking health and safety are guaranteed for adults and children.
- ???? FINE DETAIL MANUFACTURING – 3” wide feed chute, 37-oz juice cup, non-slip suckers design and anti-drip function juice mouth. Detail design determines the customer experience.
- ???? POWERFUL FUNCTIONAL DESIGN – The 800W powerful motor that comes with dual-speed modes, perfect for various fruits and vegs. The principle of high-speed rotation allows you to drink a glass of fresh nutritious juice whin 30s.
- ???? Machine protection mechanism – the compact juicer has a sturdy body with easily dismountable parts. The safety locking arm makes sure the cover stays on tight while operating, at the same time ensure that the micro switch is in good contact
- ???? 3 YEARS WARRANTY – ETL certification, secure purchase. We provide lifelong technical consultation and the best quality after-sales service ready to serve you within 24h.
Aicok Centrifugal Juicer is one of the most common and popular juicers around. Of course, its outstanding advantage is that it’s fast. In fact, scientists have proven the high speeds actually increase enzyme activity. 3” wide mouth means that you need not spend time cutting up the fruits or vegetables before you put them into the juicer. It saves you a lot of time. Hope it will bring a pleasant experience to your life.
800W Dual-Speed Motor:
This juicer has a powerful 800-watt motor that comes with two speeds, perfect for both soft and hard fruits.
“Ⅰ” low speed for soft fruits like oranges, apples, grapes, melons, and tomatoes;
“Ⅱ” fast speed for hard fruits like carrot, celery stalks, beets, ginger, and kale.
● Before use, please carefully install the juicer according to the instructions to ensure that the safety arm is locked in the correct position.
● Do not leave the appliance running for more than 1 minute at a time. If the appliance has been running for more than 1 minute, leave it to cool down for 1 minute before you use it again.
● Centrifugal juicers are not suitable for mangoes, bananas, sugar cane etc.
Package Content Includes:
● 304 Stainless Steel Main Body
● 304 Stainless Steel Precision Filter
● Food Grade Materials Juice Outlet
● Push Rod
● Juice Jug
● Residue Barrel
● Cleaning Brush
10. Kuvings BPA-Free C7000S Whole Slow Juicer Elite, Silver
- First vertical low speed cold press juicer with 3 inch wide feed chute with heavy-duty motor that can take in whole fruits
- The patented low speed masticating technology gently squeezes ingredients preserving all the beneficial nutrients
- The low-speed gear reduction motor operates quietly and keeps the vibration level at its minimum
- Blank strainer is included for making frozen dessert. Capacity: 400ml
- All parts are easily disassembled for cleaning. Comes with 3 special cleaning tools for easy clean up
- Measures 9X8X17.5(H) Inches / Weights 16 lbs. / 240W / 110V
The ultra efficient Kuvings Whole Slow Juicer ELITE features technology that extracts the maximum juice from fruits, vegetables while preserving the maximum amount of nutrients. It’s extra-wide feeding chute allows for whole produce to be juiced with little to no prep. Hopper attachment makes it easier to put smaller ingredients and blank strainer instantly turns the juicer into a sort bet maker.
By our suggestions above, we hope that you can found Kuvings Juicer Best Price for you.Please don’t forget to share your experience by comment in this post. Thank you! | <urn:uuid:c2b40b3a-4ae5-40e2-89bc-c65a6c709f9a> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://avenuewinecafe.com/kuvings-juicer-best-price/ | 2024-04-12T14:21:55Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.872601 | 4,232 | 5,159 |
We all know that water is essential for life. However, have you ever wondered how long a certain amount of water can last? In particular, let’s talk about 5 gallons of water. Would it be enough for a day, a week, or maybe even a month? In this article, we’ll explore how long this amount of water can last and what you can do to make it last longer.
First off, let’s establish that 5 gallons of water is equivalent to approximately 18.9 liters. This may seem like a lot of water, but it really depends on how you use it. For a typical person who drinks around 8 cups (2 liters) of water a day and uses another 2 liters for cooking and cleaning, 5 gallons would only last about 4 days. However, if you’re more conservative with your usage, you might be able to stretch it out to a week or even longer.
Of course, there are several factors that can affect how long 5 gallons of water can last. These include the number of people using it, the climate you’re in, and the activities you’re doing. For example, if you’re in a hot, dry environment and doing strenuous activities like hiking, you’ll need to drink more water and may go through your 5 gallons much faster. On the other hand, if you’re in a cooler climate and not doing much physical activity, you might be able to make it last longer. So, let’s dive into more details about how to make 5 gallons of water last as long as possible.
Factors Affecting Water Usage
Many factors affect how long 5 gallons of water lasts. Here are some of the most significant factors:
- Number of people: The more people you have using water, the faster it will be used up.
- Activity level: How active your household is affects how much water is used. Showering, cooking, and doing laundry all use water, so the more active your household is, the faster your water will run out.
- Water conservation habits: A household that practices water conservation will use less water and make 5 gallons last longer. This includes habits like turning off the tap when brushing your teeth or fixing leaks promptly.
- Location: The amount of water used can vary depending on your location and the available water resources. In areas that regularly experience drought conditions, stricter water usage guidelines may be in place.
Calculating Daily Water Usage
To determine how long 5 gallons of water will last for your household, you need to calculate your daily water usage. Here is an example calculation:
Assuming each person in a household uses 80 gallons of water per day, a 5-gallon container will last roughly 4.8 hours for a family of four. However, if you are more conscious about water conservation and usage, limiting water consumption to 50 gallons per day per person, then the same 5-gallon container would last 12 hours.
Water Usage Chart
Here is a chart that outlines the estimated amount of water used for common daily tasks:
|Amount of Water Used
|Showering (10 minutes)
|Bathing (Full tub)
|Handwashing (1 time)
|Brushing Teeth (2 minutes)
|Cooking (per meal)
|Dishwasher (full cycle)
|Washing Machine (full cycle)
By calculating your household’s daily water usage and using water conservation habits, you can make the most out of 5 gallons of water and ensure it lasts as long as possible. It’s important to remember that everyone can play their part in conserving water and reducing daily water usage, making a positive impact on the environment and our planet as a whole.
Water Usage for Drinking and Cooking
Water is one of the most essential resources we need to survive. It is not just a necessity for drinking, but also for cooking and preparing food. When it comes to measuring how long 5 gallons of water will last for drinking and cooking, there are a few factors that come into play.
- How many people will be using the water?
- What is the cooking frequency and style?
- What other sources of water are available?
The daily recommended water intake for adults is 8 cups, or 2 liters. Therefore, a 5-gallon container can provide enough water for one person to drink for 20 days, based on the minimum daily water intake requirement. If the household is made up of more than one person, the water would be used up faster.
Another factor in determining how long the water will last for drinking and cooking depends on how much water is needed for cooking. Cooking methods such as boiling, steaming, or braising require varying amounts of water. If the household frequently cooks with water, then the water supply would be depleted faster.
It is also important to consider alternative sources of water. If there are other sources of water available such as a water filtration or purification system, then the 5-gallon container could last longer.
In conclusion, 5 gallons of water can last for drinking and cooking for a varying amount of time depending on the household size, cooking habits, and alternative water sources. It is important to monitor water usage to ensure that there is enough supply for daily needs.
|Number of People
|Approximate Number of Days Supplies Last
The table above provides an approximate estimation of how long a 5-gallon container of water can last based on household size. However, it is important to note that this is a rough estimation and actual usage may vary.
Water usage for bathing and hygiene
When it comes to water usage for bathing and hygiene, the amount of water you use will depend on your personal habits. However, there are some general guidelines you can follow to conserve water.
- Shorten your showers: The average shower uses approximately 2.5 gallons per minute. By shortening your shower time by just one minute, you can save about 2.5 gallons of water.
- Turn off the tap when brushing your teeth or shaving: Leaving the tap running while brushing your teeth or shaving can waste about 2-3 gallons of water per minute.
- Use a bucket instead of a hose: When washing your car or watering your plants, use a bucket instead of a hose. This can save up to 150 gallons of water each time.
Here are some estimates of how much water is typically used for various hygiene practices:
- Shower: 17-24 gallons per 8 minute shower
- Bath: 36 gallons for a full tub
- Brushing teeth: 2 gallons per brushing session
- Washing hands: 1 gallon per washing session
- Shaving: 1-2 gallons per shaving session
- Doing laundry: 25-40 gallons per load
If you’re unsure how much water you’re using for each activity, consider installing low-flow showerheads and faucets to help reduce your water usage.
|Water Usage (Gallons)
|Shower (8 minutes)
|Bath (full tub)
|Laundry (per load)
By being mindful of your water usage for bathing and hygiene, you can make a significant impact on your water consumption and help conserve this precious resource.
Water Usage for Laundry and Cleaning
Laundry and cleaning may not be the first things that come to mind when thinking about water usage, but these activities actually contribute significantly to our daily water consumption. Knowing how much water is typically used for laundry and cleaning tasks can help you better understand how long your 5-gallon water supply may last.
- Washing Machine: The average top-loading washing machine uses around 30-40 gallons of water per load, while front-loading machines use only 20-25 gallons.
- Dishwasher: A standard dishwasher uses around 6 gallons of water per cycle, while newer, more efficient models can use as little as 3 gallons.
- Bathroom Cleaning: Depending on the size of your bathroom, cleaning it can use anywhere from 1-5 gallons of water. Using a low-flow showerhead and faucet can reduce water usage while cleaning.
If we assume that an average load of laundry is 30 gallons and we do one load per week, that means we are using 120 gallons of water per month just for laundry. When it comes to cleaning, the amount of water used will depend on the frequency and extent of cleaning needed.
|Amount of Water Used
|Less than 1 gallon
By being mindful of our laundry and cleaning habits, we can help conserve water without sacrificing cleanliness. Consider using a low-flow washing machine, dishwasher, showerhead, and faucet, as well as opting for more eco-friendly cleaning products that require less water to rinse. By doing so, you could potentially extend the life of your 5-gallon water supply longer than anticipated.
Water Usage for Gardening and Landscaping
Gardening and landscaping require a significant amount of water, especially during the summer or dry seasons. According to experts, an average garden uses about one inch of water per week, which is equivalent to about 623 gallons of water per 1,000 square feet of planting area. But how much water do you need for a 5-gallon container?
- Small potted plants: A small potted plant measuring 6 inches in diameter requires about one pint or 0.125 gallons of water per day, which means a 5-gallon container can last for about 40 days.
- Medium-sized potted plants: A medium-sized plant measuring 10 inches in diameter requires about one quart or 0.25 gallons of water per day. It means a 5-gallon container can last for 20 days.
- Large potted plants or trees: A large potted plant or tree measuring 24 inches in diameter requires about three gallons of water per day, which means a 5-gallon container can last for about 1.6 days. In other words, a large plant or tree needs a more generous water supply that a smaller one.
Water-Saving Techniques for Gardening and Landscaping
Considering how much water gardening and landscaping require, it is essential to adopt water-saving techniques and strategies to get the most out of water resources. Here are a few tips:
- Choose native plants: Native plants are adapted to local weather conditions and require less maintenance and water.
- Use mulch: Mulching helps to retain soil moisture, regulate soil temperature, and reduce water evaporation.
- Water in the early morning or late afternoon: Watering during these times helps the plant absorb water better as the temperatures are low, and the soil is not too hot.
- Use drip irrigation: Instead of sprinklers, consider using drip irrigation, which delivers water directly to the roots of plants and reduces water waste.
The Benefits of Xeriscaping
Xeriscaping is a gardening method that uses plants that require little or no water once they are established. Xeriscaping is becoming popular in arid areas to conserve water. It involves replacing traditional lawns and gardens with rocks, gravel, and drought-tolerant plants. Here are some benefits of Xeriscaping:
- Water conservation: Xeriscaping can reduce outdoor water use by up to 50%.
- Low maintenance: Xeriscaping requires little maintenance, which saves time, money, and resources.
- Environmentally friendly: Xeriscaping reduces the need for fertilizers, pesticides, and water, which reduces environmental pollution.
Average water usage in landscaping
Average water usage also varies according to the type of landscape. For instance, a large lawn or turf area requires about one inch of water per week, translating to about 2,000 gallons of water per week for a 2,000 square foot yard. Other landscaping features like pools, fountains, and spas, also require water, adding to the overall water usage in landscaping.
|Water Usage (gallons)
|Standard lawn (1,000 sq. ft)
|625 gallons per week
|1,050 gallons per week
It is essential to choose an appropriate landscaping design factoring in outdoor water use. Water-wise landscaping design saves water and reduces overall water use.
Water Usage for Livestock and Pets
Water usage for livestock and pets can vary based on the individual animal, their size, and their specific needs. Typically, larger animals require greater amounts of water, but there are many other factors that can impact their water usage. Below are some examples of average water usage for different types of animals.
- Cattle: Cattle typically require between 8 and 20 gallons of water per day, although lactating cows may require up to 25 gallons per day.
- Sheep and Goats: Sheep and goats typically require between 0.3 and 3 gallons of water per day, depending on their size and activity level.
- Horses: Horses typically require between 5 and 10 gallons of water per day, although this can vary depending on their size and activity level.
- Dogs: Dogs typically require between ½ and 1 ounce of water per pound of body weight per day.
- Cats: Cats typically require between 3.5 and 4.5 ounces of water per 5 pounds of body weight per day.
It’s important to note that these are just average amounts and may vary depending on the individual animal and their specific needs.
Additionally, it’s important to ensure that livestock and pets have access to clean, fresh water at all times. Dirty or stagnant water can pose a health risk to animals and may cause them to drink less than they need. Providing multiple sources of water and regularly cleaning water troughs and bowls can help ensure that animals are getting the water they need to stay healthy.
|Water Requirement (Gallons/Day)
|8-20 (25 for lactating cows)
|0.5-1oz/pound of body weight
|3.5-4.5 oz/5 pounds of body weight
Overall, understanding the water usage needs of your livestock and pets can help ensure that they are healthy and happy. Providing access to clean, fresh water and monitoring their consumption can help you identify any potential health concerns before they become serious issues.
Water storage solutions
Water storage is vital to have in case of emergencies and natural disasters. It is recommended to have at least one gallon of water per person per day for drinking and sanitation purposes. However, it can be difficult to store enough water for an extended period of time, especially for larger families. Here are some water storage solutions to consider:
- Water jugs – These are a convenient option for short-term storage and are available in various sizes, including 1-gallon, 3-gallon, and 5-gallon options.
- Water barrels – These are larger containers that can hold up to 55 gallons of water. They are often made of food-grade plastic and can be stored outdoors or in a garage.
- Cisterns – These are underground water storage tanks that can hold hundreds of gallons of water. They are a more permanent solution and require professional installation.
In addition to these storage options, it is important to properly treat and maintain your stored water. Rotate the water every 6-12 months to prevent bacteria growth, and use water purification tablets or filters if necessary.
But how long does 5 gallons of water actually last? The answer varies depending on your water usage and the number of people in your household. Here is an estimated breakdown:
|Days of drinking water
|Days of sanitation water
It is important to keep in mind that these estimates are based on a minimal water usage of drinking and sanitation only. If you plan on using water for cooking, hygiene, or other purposes, you may need to store additional water.
Water Conservation Tips
Conserving water is important for the environment and can also save you money on your water bill. Here are some tips to help you use water wisely:
- Fix leaks promptly. A small leak can waste a surprising amount of water over time.
- Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. Running the tap can waste several gallons of water.
- Install low-flow faucets and showerheads. These can reduce your water usage by up to 50%.
How Long Does 5 Gallons of Water Last?
The amount of time 5 gallons of water lasts will depend on how it’s being used. Here are some rough estimates:
|Gallons per Minute (GPM)
|Number of Minutes
Keep in mind that these are just estimates and your actual usage may vary. It’s always better to be conservative with water usage in case of emergency situations such as drought or a water shortage.
Emergency Water Supply Planning
When it comes to emergency preparedness, having an adequate supply of water is essential. This is especially true in situations where access to clean drinking water is limited or completely unavailable. In order to ensure you and your family are prepared for any emergency, it is important to have a plan in place for how to obtain and store enough water to last for at least a few days. Here are some key factors to consider when planning for your emergency water supply:
- How many people will be relying on the supply? Ensure you have enough water for every member of your family, including any pets.
- How long will the emergency last? Consider the amount of water you use on a daily basis and plan for at least a three-day supply.
- What sources of water are available in your area? Determine if there are any natural sources of water nearby, such as lakes or streams. If not, consider purchasing water storage containers and filling them in advance.
In addition to these considerations, there are a few key tips that can help you make the most of your emergency water supply:
- Store water in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. This can help prevent bacterial growth.
- Rotate your water supply every six months to ensure its freshness.
- Use your water sparingly and avoid using it for non-essential tasks like washing dishes or clothes.
One of the most common questions when it comes to emergency water supply planning is how long a set amount of water will actually last. For example, how long will 5 gallons of water last in an emergency situation?
|Amount of Water Needed per Person per Day
Based on these estimates, 5 gallons of water would last one person for approximately 3 days assuming they are only using the water for drinking, cooking, and sanitation purposes. However, this estimate may vary based on individual needs and circumstances, so it is always important to plan for more than you think you will need.
Calculating Daily Water Needs
Knowing how much water you need to consume each day is essential for determining how long 5 gallons of water will last you. The amount of water an individual needs daily varies based on several factors such as age, gender, activity level, and overall health. As a general rule of thumb, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine recommends men drink approximately 3.7 liters or 125 ounces and women consume 2.7 liters or 91 ounces of water per day.
- Age: Children, especially infants, need less water than adults. The elderly also require less water than younger adults.
- Gender: Men generally require more water than women due to their larger body mass and higher muscle composition.
- Activity level: Those who engage in regular physical activity will need more water to compensate for the loss of fluids through sweat.
While these recommendations provide an overview, it’s important to note that an individual’s daily water needs may be higher or lower depending on their unique circumstances. A person can calculate their specific daily water needs by considering the following factors:
- Body weight: Generally, people should consume half their body weight in ounces of water per day. For instance, a 140-pound person should drink 70 ounces of water daily.
- Environment: Climate, altitude, and humidity all affect water needs. For example, those living in hot, humid environments may need to consume more water than those in colder climates.
- Health conditions: Certain medical conditions may affect water needs. For instance, those with kidney stones may need to consume more water.
By taking these factors into account and calculating your specific daily water needs, you can determine how long a 5-gallon water container will last you. Remember to adjust your calculations accordingly based on your unique circumstances.
|6.6 days for women, 5.3 days for men
According to the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s daily water consumption recommendations, a 5-gallon water container should last a woman approximately 6.6 days and a man 5.3 days. However, it’s important to remember that these are general guidelines and that specific daily water needs will vary based on individual circumstances.
How Long Does 5 Gallons of Water Last: 7 FAQs
1. How long does 5 gallons of water last for a single person?
It depends on water usage. An average adult needs at least one gallon of water per day, so 5 gallons would last for five days.
2. How long does 5 gallons of water last for a family of four?
Again, it varies with usage. Assuming 4 members consume around 4 gallons per day, 5 gallons would last less than two days.
3. How long does 5 gallons of water last in a disaster situation?
In a disaster situation, water needs can increase. 5 gallons of water should be sufficient for an individual for about 3 to 4 days, depending on their activity level.
4. How long does 5 gallons of water last for camping?
Water usage while camping varies – cooking, cleaning, bathing, and drinking require different amounts. Still, 5 gallons should last for around 2 to 4 days.
5. How long does 5 gallons of water last for pets?
Pets need water too! Assuming that a pet drinks about one ounce of water per pound of body weight every day, 5 gallons of water could last for a 70-pound dog for about eleven days.
6. How long does 5 gallons of water last for gardening?
Watering plants require a varying amount of water depending on the type and size of the plants. But, 5 gallons of water could be enough for watering a small garden for a few days.
7. How long does 5 gallons of water last during a hike?
During a hike, 5 gallons of water might be too much to carry. A person should only carry about 0.5 to 1 liter of water per hour of hiking, or 2 to 4 liters per day, depending on the weather and their body weight.
Water is an essential element of life, and it is vital to know how much and for how long it can last. We hope these FAQs have helped you understand how long 5 gallons of water can last in various situations. Thanks for reading, and come back soon for more informative articles! | <urn:uuid:63aa88e9-6c76-40cc-a46e-2c78a96deae3> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://dadangoray.com/en/how-long-does-5-gallons-of-water-last/ | 2024-04-12T15:01:38Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.926053 | 5,115 | 5,469 |
|The following article contains player-created lore or theories.
It is not necessarily an accurate reflection of official game lore.
Tales from the Windswept Peaks
These tales are from the Windwalker sect of the Nomads of the Arid Steppe, and will attempt to give a perspective on things from their view.
To the readers of the Tales, I will now introduce myself, and tell you a bit more about the Tales. I am Kraggur Kveldcharn, a scholar of the Moon Mage guild. For several years now I have followed the Nomads of the Arid Steppe, living their ways, following both their seers and their normal people.
The Tales are glimpses into moments I have witnessed or been told about in the lives of Nomads. Unlike the other so called “sects”, the Nomads are not a body of magicians, but an entire nation of individuals. To call the Nomads Moon Mages makes as much sense as calling the inhabitants of Riverhaven or Shard Moon Mages. The difference is that many of the leaders, oracles, and soothsayers are able to seek the future through their various methods. Many fall into the category of Skindancers, who seek the probabilities through the cast of rune-inscribed bones, or through spirit journeys conducted in their yurts. Others practice darker arts more akin to necromantic practices and are considered insane – the Bonedancers.
As such, the seers of the Tribes are drawn in three distinct ways. The first is toward their individual tribe. These range from the Bensu to the Windwalkers, and for more information I will refer the reader to the Trabe Plateau, where Guildleader Cherulisa and the nomad in the yurt will be glad to answer questions about the tribes. Even though centuries have passed since the unification of the Tribes, these identities have not died. They are aspects which contribute to the whole that no longer endlessly war as they did before the coming of Kir Dor’na’torna.
The second is as the Nomads of the Arid Steppe. Within this are their roles as advisors and leaders to the nation that wanders the high plains and mountains west of Hibarnhvidar. This separates them from the other sects, which are groups of lunar magicians working towards their similar ends. It is this role, and their distance from Throne City and the usual machinations of the residents of the “civilized” lands which gives them pause in their allegiance to the guild.
Third are the bonds that tie them to the Moon Mage Guild. It is undeniable that Kir’s actions greatly benefited the Nomads. These ties are loose, for the Nomads defy single leadership as they are nomadic. Sect members wander Kermoria, and likely other places abroad, yet as a whole entity, they comprise a sizeable enough contingent of the Guild that they cannot be overly coerced.
Guildleader Cherulisa spans the gap between the second and third areas. She was a member of the Council before she resigned to take residence in the crystal spire atop the Plateau and breaking the second Kir’s influence over the Tribes. As such she is painfully aware of how many nomads feel about the role of the guild and its attempts to steer the Nomads.
Returning now to the Tales, I will leave it to the reader to discern which I have been told, and which I have witnessed myself. I hope that these writings may inspire others to look into the histories of their own guild and attempt to discern the lore and actions of their members.
Signed by my hand,
Kraggur Kveldcharn, 187th day of the 394th Year AV
- Note that this was originally written just after "Bones"
Precariously perched on a ledge in the mountains bordering the Arid Steppe to the west crouches a nomad. The hides worn are decorated with a multitude of bird feathers, flapping wildly in the winds that roar along the mountainside.
With a fading blue flash, a second figure appears next to the nomad, also clad in feather-decorated hides. The winds whisper and bring the smell of decay upon them. Such as has not been scented since the false Kir strode the Steppes.
The first nomad turns his head slightly towards the newcomer, apparently unperturbed by his arrival.
- "It is as the winds have long whispered, since the foreigners first stepped past our lands. Much good and much evil came from their arrival, though they left tasks unfinished. But it is as the Winds of Fate dictate. We can do no more and no less. Time still flows though increasingly short."
Turning to face the wind, the first nomad’s mouth moves for a moment before he disappears in a blue flash similar to the second nomad’s arrival.
A nomad clad in a bronze scaled outfit designed as a wyvern dances slowly upon a mountaintop. Around him, precariously balanced, other nomads play a haunting tune on bone flutes.
The wind rises and falls, at times overpowering the flutes, but they only serve to play off each other in harmony.
Slowly the nomad's voice is heard chanting louder and louder in the tongue of the Windwalkers.
- "Seasons come and change, let the Wyvern die it is its time. Scales come to rest and the panther rises to hunt."
The wyvern-nomad then sits down, and is revealed holding a drum as he lets then outfit fall from his shoulders. A rapid rhythm arises from the drum, and the flute players disappear in flashes of red and black only to be replaced by other drummers in similar flashes of light.
A crescendo builds then comes to a thunderous silence.
As a female nomad appears, in a flash of black light, clad as a golden panther, the drummers bow then vanish.
She slinks toward a small altar scattered with runes. Pulling a knife from within the skins, she cuts across her palm and lets her blood fall before the altar before swiftly binding the cut with a clean strip of cloth. Taking the runes in her other hand, she then kneels, her face turned to the sky, observing the stars in their patterns.
Minutes pass by before the wind seems to whisper, now! and she casts the runes.
Studying them for a moment, she then stands and returns to the center of the mountaintop. Slowly, the figures reappear: first the wyvern-nomad, then the flutists, and lastly the drummers. They all kneel before the panther-nomad.
- "The omens for the year are as dark as the tainted winds that reach us. Yet, the golden panther shall hunt, and not be the hunted."
For comments see here.
In two brief flashes of a black void, two nomads appear on a ledge overlooking the Trabe Plateau, which lies to the distant east. A harsh wind swirls snow around them, and settles in the elegant beard of the older nomad.
The older nomad says, "One of the soulless guardians has appeared on the Plateau. The winds have said such to me. They whisper that it is related to the stench of darkness that comes from the lands where the sun sets."
- "Our mountains will likely protect us. What of the unliving cares for our mountains? Yet several of us have walked the winds to Forfedhdar to help them face this threat. Too well do we remember the days of darkness and the false Kir."
The younger nomad figets and looks nervous.
- "What if they do come up here? What will we do then?"
- "Do what we have always done - survive."
Bitter winds swirl across the mountain range, yet for now the snows have stopped. The screams of a few wounded come from the yurts carefully arranged on a broad shelf. A bearded nomad stands slightly to the side, looking down at the encampment.
A wise woman steps from the closest yurt, her leathers covered in blood up to the elbows, as well as down the front of an apron overflowing with bandages and herbs. The bearded nomad walks towards the wise woman.
- "It is good we did not march to the lowlands, or that the walking dead did not come farther north. But it is also good that we send aid to the dwarves, for they have upheld their deals with us."
A series of flashes occur as a handful of nomads appear, some carrying others, about half of them wounded. They move into the tents. Shaking her head sadly, the wise woman replies over her shoulder as she turns to heads back toward the yurt.
- “Death stalks us still though. None of the young have died yet, but the injuries keep coming. You know we are too few to survive if many die. Would you have the line die out completely to uphold our agreements?”
Touching a heavy onyx amulet that rests around his neck, bearing the sigils of the wolf, nightingale, and raven, the bearded nomad nods once without hesitation.
- “Yes. Without honor and memory we are as nothing. Would you have us become as the Bonedancers?”
Quick as a striking snake, the wise woman spins and slaps the bearded nomad across the face.
- “Never mention that tribe again. They are as nothing. They listen not to the wind, only the dead silence in their hearts.”
Clinging to the side of the Hag’s Crag, a young nomad ascends the face of the mount, snow and wind threatening to dislodge her. A courier's case is bound tightly at her waist.
Above the battlements of the Raven’s Gate a figure wearing hides crafted from firecat pelts fires arrows into a mass of shambling creatures darkening the park east of the city.
Leathers torn almost to shreds, another nomad fights, then dies under a royal blue flag flying a black tower under a golden seven-pointed star.
Carrying a thick pack stuffed with cotton, an older nomad wanders the back roads before crossing a bridge to the south of a tall crystal tower. He carefully unloads the pack, gently stacking vials of naphtha in a crate that was nearly depleted.
Far from all these scenes, a withered crone steps back from a basin filled with water which gradually clouds over. She shakes her head sadly, yet a grim smile rides upon her face.
The wind howls and screams outside of a hollow cave in the mountainside. Around a fire sit several nomads while a few guard dogs bask sleeping in the comforting heat. Snow drifts are piled on either side of the trail running past the cave mouth except where the winds have blown it clear.
As one, the nomads start a drifting chant which focuses the mind then lets it float free. In the back of the cave a young nomad stiffens, her face exhibiting an image of sheer horror before it relaxes to a state of resigned unhappiness. Slowly she speaks of what she sees:
- “There is torment as freedom is bound in our image and name… a fragment of the heavens locking in an ancestor’s soul in name. He screams for he has become bound, yet by binding him, he in turn binds the heavens. The shard has shifted and is now part of us.”
An ancient crone stops suddenly in midstride before falling to the ground clutching her head. Hurriedly, the other nearby nomads run and delicately lift her, bearing her to her tent. She lays there whimpering as healers are swiftly summoned. Days pass and none of the normal remedies work. Finally, seeing no other recourse, the nomads seek aid from the seers.
The seers quickly take her to the highest peak near where this section of the mountains where the tribe is camped. There she is laid upon the finest wolf furs at hand, while they weave their magic upon her. One stands aloof, his face held to the wind, seeking the omens carried upon the howling winds.
Suddenly a hand shoots forward from within his robe, deeply scarred and worn from the years. The actions around the crone stop immediately.
- “She sensed the beacon shining from far in the east. I too sense it as a challenge to rival the very heavens. It is laden with the prayers of all the gods, and has no place within the cosmos as we understand it. The shrieks of countless souls fill the crone’s second sight, blinding her to our world.”
He quickly incants a spell, and suddenly the crone’s body relaxes. He motions for the nomads to carry her back to her tent.
- “That should allow her to regain control over her second sight.”
Raising the hood of his robe, he then sits, back to the group and loses himself in meditation.
Icy winter winds still blast the mountain peaks as a nomad struggles to ascend a mountain. Below her, along the steep-sided valley, lie the tents of her people, and even farther below are the herds of her tribe.
Struggling, she slips and falls for several yards before precariously catching herself and resuming the climb. Gradually, she reaches the peak, her hair covered with dirt and sweat, blood flowing freely from cuts and scratches.
The tassels on her leathers are whipped to knots as she turns her head to the heavens and shrieks a clarion call as piercing as a hawk’s cry. From the other side of the peak, appearing from thin air, a stout figure wrapped in a fine robe steps next to her, the glint of chainmail appearing from under the collar. Reaching into a sack, the figure draws a finely crafted metal knife which she takes.
Grabbing the nape of her hair, she sharply draws the knife, cutting loose her braid of hair. Loose blond strands snap free in the wind, and her shorter hair now whips around her face. Swiftly she bends and ties the cut braid to a pole set at the summit. Along side that she lays a bracelet woven from mountain flowers. With fierce pride she cries out again before sitting down and closing her eyes, and bearing her left shoulder.
The figure shrugs its shoulders in a wry manner, indicating that it is pleased before crouching next to her. Swiftly implements appear on the ground next to her, and the figure begins its work. Blood soaks into the folder leather at her shoulder as the figure works, gnarled fingers and hands steady despite the shifting winds.
At length the task is done, and the figure collects its tools and then disappears in a flow of black shadows. The woman stirs, and then draws her leathers up again, before slowly descending the mountain. Yet the tattoo becomes briefly visible, a golden eagle with its wings stretching down her arm and up her neck, with the pinion feathers just brushing her left eye socket.
Sitting next to the dying embers of a fire, a young nomad carefully cleans the last gore from a set of boar tusks. He then sets them aside and grabs a burin, delicately carved from an oak limb and set with a small topaz.
Tilting his head back, his eyes stare into the sky for several minutes, observing the constellations. He then looks down, and picks up the bones, his eyes closed as the chants softly under this breath. Slowly red lines form over the tusks with the passage of the burin, forming lines of some significance across their length.
At last, the nomad is finished, and he sets down the burin in place of a slightly curved bladed knife. For hours his hands move over the tusks, whittling away the material as the chant continues under his breath. The magic guiding his hands has taken the place of the firelight, the embers now cooled to darkness. Grey shadows stretch as the false dawn starts.
Finishing his task, slender curls of white and brown showered across his leggings and boots, he reverently sets aside the blade. Rubbing his thumb over each of the four pieces, he gives a brief nod before filling a small clay plate with some white liquid, which he gently rolls the bones in, some of the last remaining red symbols flaring briefly before disappearing. Taking an identical plate, he pours black liquid into it, repeating the process, and causing the last of the symbols to flare before fading. Two bottles are filled with the leftover liquids, and then the nomad rises.
Turning to the west, the half-crescent of xibar is still faintly visible. Once again taking up his burin, he studies the moon intently before rapidly scribing each of the many sides of an almost spherical bone. Over an hour is taken, one sigil slowly flaring to life at a time, this process repeated sixty three times.
Xibar has set by now, and the warm reds of the summer morning start brining color to the surrounding steppe. The nomad unsheathes a slender knife crafted from bone from its strap on his thigh. Below it a bloodstained bandage is visible, the cloth as of yet unstained from daily wear. Holding the bones high, the knife flashes quickly, and a single line of blood forms from a shallow cut on his hand. Clenching his hand tightly for a moment, the bones held tight in his grip, the nomad mutters a quick prayer to his ancestors and spirits of the gods. The knife is returned to its binding, and he then opens his hand as he kneels down to the short grasses.
The cut upon his hand is gone and there is no evidence of blood as he reverently casts the bones along the ground. For a brief moment, the nearly spherical bone is highlighted as a blue flash in the symbol of a star is shown. His head bowed, the nomad offers thanks to the spirit of the fallen boar, before collecting the bones and placing them in a soft leather pouch at his hip.
- Moved to: Stories behind Lunar Enchantment
Death and Dolls
Screams erupt from within a tent, high pitched and wailing from young throats. A small child, staggers out from the tent, blood streaming from an arm cut down to the bone, taking several small steps before collapsing. Several adults sitting around the fire leap up to tend to the child, others darting into the tent before they too are driven back, deep lacerations evident around their lower bodies. One yells, “It’s the dolls! They live!” before falling to the ground, blood seeping in a widening pool.
Simultaneously, other screams echo from other tents as the camp erupts into chaos. In the flickering firelight, dolls wielding scythes dance maniacally as they spread suffering and chaos. All too soon, the camp becomes silent, except for the eerie sound of wooden parts moving.
Several days later, another band of Nomads comes across the encampment. Noticing the bloodshed and violence, a messenger is immediately sent to call the seers and wise women to council. A second is sent to the Tower and the Guildleader Cherulisa. The remaining Nomads linger to conduct rites for the dead.
The gathered elders prepare for their auguries, aided by Cherulisa, when the sound of thundering hooves is heard. A slender elf flings himself from the saddle, and strides to the group, bows perfunctorily to the Guildleader and then states, “Boar Clan has been attacked. Many have died, but the perpetrator, one Hobglup the Toymaker has been revealed, and his evil creations driven off. We believe that now he travels to the Fists far to the east.”
The elf bows briefly again before commandeering a fresh mount and continuing on to the south. “I ride for Hibarnhvidar to carry word there. We believe he is up to more evilness, and I would burn any doll he gave rather than risk it ride.” Spurring the mount he disappears back into the night.
A wizened seer stands and nods his head to Cherulisa, “We must warn the other camps, in case something does happen.”
Council upon the Plateau
Many nomads sit gathered around a campfire, their faces turned ruddy by the coals. Before them stands a young man, passion blazing in his eyes as he angrily gesticulates towards the east.
- “We must go forth and challenge this evil. The foul ones inhabit the forests below; pollute the mountainsides and the clean air with their sorceries. I can smell their taint from here.”
The other nomads listen to his words and shake their heads, save for a few younger members who nod in agreement and mutter encouragement. An older tribesman stands and motions for silence. He gazes into the heavens for a moment before looking back down.
- “Such is not, and has not been our way. We are not the desert tribes, who came from the North, nor are we of the tribes beyond the southern mountains, with their war-like ways. Long ago, the D’Reathor waged war, striking down the Trabe. If we leave here as such, even in the name of protecting the wilds, we shall be such as the others, taking violence where there is now peace.”
Even before he finishes his statement the young man is already rising and talking again,
- “But we know the sorcerers are evil, and bring harm to the land. They make the dead walk again, and make no qualms about it. Even here we have heard of the Temple’s purging of necromancers and sorcerers, of the Hounds baying accusations, and mobs forming in the streets. What if they come here, claiming our Shamans and people are no better, for our use of the sacred bones and skins?”
As he finishes this statement, more assenting voices are heard in response, yet the gathering continues late into the night as each faction speaks its piece.
Passage of the Nera
A wisened woman, bearing the tattoos of the Windwalkers sits before an assorted collection of nomads, who have gathered for the fall moot. Many gather close for it is heard that on this night she shall recount the coming of the Nera to the steppe.
- "In the ancient days, before the tribes flourished in full and the seers established their holdings upon the plateau more fully, we, the Windwalkers held sway over the far western mountains where heaven and sky meet. Uncontested masters of the high peaks, all were thought known to us in our range, as we traveled north and south with the seasons."
- "One summer, word reached us of a peoples from the west fleeing some unknown darkness. We watched as they passed through the lowland valleys where our herds oft grazed in the winter. They were a ragged group, not like those you know of today."
- "Upon their way, we aided several of them in their passage. In return we gained knowledge of a new sigil lore, patterns which then we were able to scribe to our geometric techniques. It was a most beneficial exchange."
- "To this day, the Nera do not speak of what forced them from their lands. The darkness they scribed to did not penetrate the mountains upon which the Windwalkers tread, nor so far as we know to the plateau. Perhaps one day we will know, but for know the secrets remain locked within the lore of the Nera."
Across the Plateau, seers, sages and warlocks simultaneous erupt from their deliberations with the announcement that the great evil has been slain in the distant lowlands to the east. As materials are collected for celebration at one encampment, several figures remain in the background, untouched by the celebrations. One of the warlocks approaches them, and with a nod and curt word, they are dispatched. Returning to his brethren, the warlock replies:
- “Now is not the time for celebration. While she might be gone, the taint is firmly established here now and shall not be returned back to the wastelands in the west. Yes, a victory has been won, but the war is far from over.”
Y'Shai (Part 2)
As the winter snows swirl around the Trabe Plateau, several young nomads confront two elder shamans.
- “You said the soulless one would be gone once Lyras had passed! Yet that monstrosity remains, defiling our lands.”
- “You must have patience, these things can take time to resolve.”
- “The undead ones crossed our lands for many moons and the shamans failed to see that, many of the herd were lost. Now Cherulisa sits in her tower and does nothing as those…” the leader of the young nomads spits on the ground, “fools like you sit in their towers elsewhere, caring nothing for our peoples!”
Rapidly, the second shaman reaches out and slaps the nomad across the face. As a stilled silence settles, the second shaman speaks softly, and then walks away.
- “Challenge not that which you lack the knowledge and foresight to understand, child. Our people have benefited long from our association with the other towers, even if it is not always apparent. While we have also suffered their indignity and sacrilege to our sacred ancestors, it is not your role or place to question such matters.”
Y'Shai (Part 3)
Angry voices are heard as a line of torches wend their up towards the Spire upon the Plateau. As the voices become louder, an aged but vibrant lady steps from the Spire. Her gaze is cold as as starless night as representatives from the Tribes crest the top of the hill. A frown furrows her brow as the wind carries the words to her, words of frustration, anger and hatred. Unlike the last time, when the voices were youthful, she now hears older and wiser voices in the crowd.
- "She said the soulless one would be gone!"
- "It would only be here until the necromancer's threat had passed!"
- "Why do these shamans keep thinking they rule our lives?"
One hand idly rubs the ivory and copper carving on her wrist as the representatives come closer, their faces finally visible. Nodding as she recognizes faces from the remaining Tribes, including those who are leaders amongst them but not necessarily magicians, the lady steps to the side and gestures them into the Spire.
Y'Shai (Part 4)
Still the soulless one remains upon the Plateau, guarding the shard in the Spire. Representatives of the different tribes pass back and forth from the gates, and often raised voices can be heard from Cherulisa's office. From the quarters assigned to him, the Dwarven scholar listens on with interest as the authority of the guild is repeatedly challenged by the people of the Plateau. The soulless one has also come to disturb him, for his time amongst the tribes has brought him close to their ways of thinking. His quill scratches on parchment:
- "What does it mean when the statements of an authority are not backed by action?" | <urn:uuid:ba016ee1-1335-43f8-91b6-cba261ea2483> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://elanthipedia.play.net/User:Hithrael/Tales | 2024-04-12T15:45:27Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.964498 | 5,909 | 6,456 |
In the current era of information technology, software security is an absolute must. It is crucial to be aware of the major software security threats that could potentially ruin your project.
We delve into the risks associated with software safety and provide effective strategies to combat these threats.
Understanding the Digital Battlefield
Software security is crucial in today’s digital world. It involves creating secure software systems that can resist attacks and vulnerabilities. Identifying threats early, using secure architecture design, following best coding practices, and rigorous testing are essential.
By implementing software security measures, organizations can protect their assets and customers. Insecure software can cause cyberattacks, data breaches, and disruptions, making software security necessary.
The State of Cybersecurity in IT
The current state of cybersecurity is a complex and evolving topic that requires a comprehensive approach to protect against cyber threats. According to a report by ISACA, cybersecurity practices and measures are slowly getting better.
On the other hand, the scale of the cybersecurity challenge has grown dramatically, with the number of cybercriminals skyrocketing, their organizational ability growing, and the potential damage from a cyberattack being catastrophic.
That’s why cybersecurity is a critical topic in the IT industry. Organizations must align their cybersecurity programs to business objectives, invest in cybersecurity, and stay up-to-date with the latest cybersecurity trends and software security threats.
Key Challenges in Protecting Digital Assets
In the era of relentless cyber threats, safeguarding digital assets poses significant challenges:
- The sophistication of attacks is ever-increasing, with adversaries utilizing state-of-the-art technologies to bypass conventional defenses.
- The sheer volume of attacks can be overwhelming, making prioritizing and responding effectively tricky. Add to this the expansive and evolving landscape of IT, with cloud services and the Internet of Things (IoT) widening the potential attack surface.
- There’s a persistent talent gap in cybersecurity, leaving many organizations needing more in-house expertise to fortify their defenses adequately.
Protecting digital assets is a complex and evolving topic that requires a comprehensive approach to protect against cyber threats. Organizations must align their cybersecurity programs to business objectives, invest in cybersecurity, and stay up-to-date with cybersecurity trends and threats.
The Spectrum of Software Security Threats
The spectrum of security software threats is broad and encompasses a wide range of malicious activities and vulnerabilities that can impact the security of software systems. Understanding this spectrum is crucial for developing effective security measures.
Malware Attacks Unpacked
Malware, short for malicious software, is harmful software designed to compromise computer systems, networks, or users. It aims to disrupt normal computing operations and compromise data confidentiality, integrity, or availability.
There are various malware attacks, each with specific characteristics and purposes. Some common types of malware include:
- Viruses attach themselves to clean files and spread uncontrollably, corrupting system functionality and compromising data.
- Worms exploit network vulnerabilities without human intervention to spread and often deliver harmful payloads.
- Trojans disguise as legitimate software, tricking users into executing them to create backdoors for further exploitation.
- Ransomware locks and encrypts your data, demanding payment for its release – without any promises.
- Cryptojacking silently uses your system’s resources for mining cryptocurrency, affecting performance and energy costs.
- Spyware infiltrates systems to steal sensitive information, often without the user’s knowledge.
- Adware tracks online behavior to bombard users with unwanted advertisements, potentially breaching privacy.
Awareness of various types of malware, including the dangerous ransomware attack, helps better prepare and protect against potential cyberattacks.
Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) Exposed
An Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) takes cyberattacks to a more menacing level. APTs are highly sophisticated, often state-sponsored or financially motivated actors targeting high-value organizations or nations.
Unlike smash-and-grab cybercrime, APTs play a long game, infiltrating quietly and maintaining a foothold for months or even years. They’re after sensitive information, intellectual property, or national security data, stealthily monitoring and escalating their access over time.
Indicators hinting at an APT include uncharacteristic outbound data traffic, strange user account activities, backdoor malware to maintain access, and unexpected database operations with large data volumes.
Mitigating the risks associated with APTs requires a comprehensive cybersecurity strategy that includes:
- Continuous Monitoring: Regularly monitor network traffic, system logs, and behavior analytics to detect unusual or suspicious activities.
- Threat Intelligence: Stay updated using threat intelligence feeds on the latest attack methods and security weaknesses.
- Team member Training: Train employees to recognize and avoid social engineering attacks, especially spear-phishing.
- Network Segmentation: To prevent hackers from moving around undetected, divide the network into smaller sections called network segmentation.
- Endpoint Protection: Use advanced endpoint protection solutions to detect and prevent APT-related malware.
Given the evolving nature of APTs, organizations should prioritize a proactive and adaptive security posture, regularly assess their defenses, and collaborate with the broader cybersecurity community to share threat intelligence.
Defensive Strategies Against Common Threats
Protecting against software threats is a critical concern for businesses in today’s digital world. Common cybersecurity threats include malware, social engineering, software supply chain, APT, distributed denial of service (DDoS), man-in-the-middle attacks (MitM), password attacks, and emerging information security threats.
To defend against these threats, organizations must take a comprehensive approach to cybersecurity. Here are some defensive strategies that can help protect against common software threats:
- Implement a multi-layered security approach: The security measures include firewalls, antivirus software, intrusion detection and prevention systems, and more.
- Keep software up-to-date: Regularly patching software vulnerabilities can help prevent cyberattacks.
- Use strong passwords: Strong passwords can help prevent password attacks.
- Train employees on cybersecurity best practices: Educate team members to prevent social engineering attacks through cybersecurity best practices.
- Encrypt sensitive data: Encryption can help protect sensitive data from unauthorized access.
Protecting against software threats requires a comprehensive approach to cybersecurity. Organizations must prioritize the protection of critical information assets by investing in cybersecurity and staying up-to-date with the latest cybersecurity trends and threats.
Combating Viruses and Worms
Combating viruses and worms requires a multi-layered approach that combines technical measures, user education, and proactive security practices. Here are five effective ways to combat viruses and worms:
- Install and Update Antivirus: To keep your systems safe, install reputable antivirus and anti-malware software on all your devices. Ensure the software is regularly updated with the latest virus definitions to detect and remove known threats.
- Keep Systems and Software Updated: Update security software frequently to protect devices against threats. This helps close known vulnerabilities and reduces the risk of exploitation by viruses and worms.
- Employee Training and Awareness: Train members regularly on security awareness to educate them about malware risks, including viruses and worms. Train members to recognize and avoid phishing emails, suspicious links, and untrusted downloads to prevent security breaches and protect the organization from cyber threats.
- Use Firewalls and Network Security Measures: Install firewalls to control network traffic and enhance security. Configure firewalls to block unauthorized access and prevent the spread of worms within the network. Use intrusion detection systems and monitor your network and computer systems to stop harmful activity quickly. Take immediate action upon detecting any suspicious behavior.
- Backup Critical Data and Implement Recovery Plans:
Regularly back up critical data and store backup copies in a secure and isolated location. This ensures that critical information can be recovered in case of a virus or worm attack. Develop and regularly test an incident response and recovery plan. This plan should outline the steps to take in the event of a malware infection, including containment, eradication, and data restoration.
Bonus Tip: Implement Least Privilege Access:
Grant users only the necessary level of access required for their job functions by following the principle of least privilege. This limits the impact of malware by restricting unauthorized actions.
Combating viruses and worms involves preventive measures, user education, and responding effectively to security incidents. Organizations should stay informed about emerging threats, continuously assess their security posture, and adapt their strategies to evolving cyber threats.
Neutralizing Botnets and DDoS Assaults
Neutralizing botnets and mitigating Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks can be challenging, but several strategies can help enhance your defenses. Here are some of the most effective ways to neutralize botnets and DDoS assaults:
- Implement DDoS Protection Services:
Utilize specialized DDoS protection services offered by reputable cybersecurity providers. These services often involve deploying hardware and software solutions to filter out malicious traffic before it reaches your network.
- Configure Firewalls and Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS):
Configure firewalls and IPS devices to identify and block suspicious traffic. Keep these devices updated with the latest threat intelligence to recognize and block traffic patterns associated with botnets and DDoS attacks.
- Traffic Analysis and Anomaly Detection:
Implement network traffic analysis tools and anomaly detection systems to monitor and identify unusual traffic patterns. Unusual spikes in traffic or deviations from normal behavior may indicate a DDoS attack. Automated systems can then trigger responses or alerts to mitigate the impact.
- Rate Limiting and Traffic Shaping:
Use rate limiting and traffic shaping mechanisms to control incoming traffic flow. This can help prevent sudden spikes that are characteristic of DDoS attacks. By regulating the rate at which traffic is allowed into your network, you can reduce the impact of volumetric attacks.
- IP Blocklisting and Safelisting:
Maintain a blocklist of IP addresses associated with botnets and DDoS attacks and regularly update it to block traffic from these sources. Conversely, use safelists only to allow traffic from trusted sources. However, remember that IP blocklisting may not be foolproof, as attackers can frequently change IP addresses.
Remember, a comprehensive security strategy combines these techniques and continuous monitoring and adaptation to emerging software security threats. Regularly update your security measures, train personnel on cybersecurity best practices, and consider consulting with cybersecurity experts to stay ahead of evolving threats.
Targeted Attack Prevention Techniques
It is important to understand that no one solution can ensure complete protection against targeted attacks. A holistic and adaptive security strategy, combined with regular risk assessments, is essential for staying ahead of evolving software security threats.
How to Shield Against Phishing and Social Engineering
Protecting against phishing and social engineering requires a combination of technical defenses, user education, and proactive security measures. Here are effective ways to shield against these threats:
- Training and Awareness: Regular security awareness training is crucial to help employees recognize and prevent phishing and social engineering attacks. Provide practical examples and scenarios to make the training relevant.
- Email Filtering and Authentication: Use advanced email filtering to detect and block phishing emails before they reach users’ inboxes. Using email authentication protocols such as DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail), SPF (Sender Policy Framework), and DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance) can aid in verifying the legitimacy of incoming emails.
- Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): Use MFA to secure critical systems and accounts. MFA offers an additional layer of security, requiring extra verification in case of a phishing incident.
- Regular Security Audits and Simulations: Conduct regular security audits and simulated phishing exercises to assess the organization’s vulnerability to social engineering attacks. These simulations help identify weak points in the security posture and allow for targeted training and awareness programs.
- Strict Access Controls and Least Privilege Principle: Limiting access to data and systems based on job requirements can reduce the impact of social engineering attacks.
- Verify Requests for Sensitive Information: Authenticate requests for sensitive information or financial transactions using a separate communication channel before sharing the data.
Stay safe from phishing and social engineering attacks, use multiple strategies, update your security protocols, and stay informed about new threats. Remember that software security is constantly changing, so it’s essential to remain vigilant.
Steps to Block Drive-By Downloads and Exploit Kits
Drive-by downloads and exploit kits are common methods used by cybercriminals to infect devices with malware. To protect systems, follow these steps:
- Keep Software and Systems Updated: Regularly update and patch all software, including operating systems, web browsers, plugins, and other applications. Drive-by downloads often exploit vulnerabilities in outdated software. Enable automatic updates where possible to ensure timely patching.
- Use Web Application Firewalls (WAFs): Use a WAF to protect your web application by monitoring and filtering HTTP traffic from the Internet. This will help detect and block malicious requests, preventing attacks that exploit vulnerabilities in your web application.
- Browser Security Settings: Secure web browsers by turning off unnecessary plugins, scripts, and active content. Set up prompts for file downloads and block potentially harmful content. Educate users on safe browsing practices.
- Network Security Measures: Use IDPS to secure your network by analyzing traffic for exploit kit activity patterns and blocking potential threats.
- Endpoint Protection and Anti-Malware Software: Install strong endpoint protection and anti-malware software on all devices. Update the security software regularly to improve the detection of malicious files and activities.
- User Education and Awareness: Educate users about the risks associated with drive-by downloads and exploit kits. Be cautious when visiting unfamiliar websites, be skeptical of unexpected download prompts, and avoid clicking on suspicious links. Regularly train users to recognize social engineering tactics.
A multi-layered security strategy is crucial as only some solutions can provide complete protection. Use technical measures, user education, regular audits, and monitoring for unusual activity. Implement a comprehensive incident response plan to respond quickly and effectively to security incidents.
Securing the Software Frontline
Securing the software frontline requires a holistic and proactive approach that spans the entire software development lifecycle. By integrating security into the development process, fostering a security-aware culture, and leveraging automation, organizations can better protect their software assets from evolving cyber threats.
Patch Management and Vulnerability Mitigation
Effective patch management and vulnerability mitigation are crucial for maintaining a secure IT environment. Here’s how you can ensure your defenses remain robust:
|Patch Management and Vulnerability Mitigation Best Practices
|Automate the Patching Process: Embrace automated patch management systems to ensure patches are applied as soon as they’re available without delays.
|Conduct Risk Assessments: Regularly assess your IT infrastructure to identify and evaluate vulnerabilities.
|Prioritize Based on Risk: Assess vulnerabilities and prioritize patching based on potential impact, starting with the most critical ones.
|Embrace Endpoint Protection: Implement endpoint protection tools to identify and automatically respond to threats.
|Test Before Deployment: Verify patches in a controlled environment before a full rollout to prevent complications in your live systems.
|Enforce Least Privilege: Limit user access rights strictly to what’s necessary for their role, reducing the attack surface for potential exploitation.
|Consistent Monitoring: Continuously monitor for new vulnerabilities and ensure your patch management solution is up-to-date with new threats.
|Implement Network Segmentation: Keep sensitive data and critical systems isolated to minimize the fallout if a breach does occur.
|Audit Regularly: Conduct regular audits to ensure all systems are compliant with your patching policies and no device is left unpatched.
Maintaining a rigorous patch management and vulnerability mitigation strategy lessens the likelihood of security breaches and the ensuing damage they might cause.
Implementing Robust Access Controls and Encryption
Implementing robust access controls and encryption is vital in securing your IT systems. Here’s how to enhance your defensive posture:
|Access Control and Data Encryption Measures
|Employ Role-Based Access Control (RBAC): Assign permissions based on the individual’s role within your organization, ensuring they only have access to the information necessary for their duties.
|Encrypt Sensitive Data: Secure sensitive in-transit and at-rest data with strong encryption to prevent unauthorized access.
|Utilize Strong Authentication Mechanisms: Implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) for an added layer of security, requiring users to provide two or more verification factors to access sensitive systems.
|Key Management: Employ robust key management strategies to ensure encryption keys are securely stored and managed, preventing unauthorized access to encrypted data.
|Regularly Review Access Rights: Make it a routine to review user privileges and adjust or revoke them as necessary, especially after role changes or terminations.
|Use Trusted Encryption Tools: Choose reputable, regularly updated encryption tools that comply with industry standards.
Implementing access controls and encryption can significantly reduce the risk of unauthorized data access. In case of a data breach, sensitive information remains unreadable and secure.
Future-Proofing IT with Smart Security Innovations
Future-proofing IT with smart software security innovations involves adopting strategies and technologies that address current security challenges and anticipate and adapt to emerging threats.
Embracing Predictive Analytics and Machine Learning
Embracing predictive analytics and machine learning is a forward-thinking approach to IT security, providing the ability to identify and respond to threats preemptively.
Benefits of Predictive Analytics:
- Anticipate Future Security Incidents: By analyzing trends and patterns, predictive analytics can forecast potential security breaches before they occur.
- Enhanced Threat Intelligence: Machine learning algorithms constantly evolve, learning more effectively from new data to recognize threat signatures and anomalous behavior.
- Faster Incident Response: Predictive models can trigger automated responses to suspected threats, reducing response times dramatically.
Applying Machine Learning:
- Automated Anomaly Detection: Machine learning excels at identifying deviations from normal behaviors, which could indicate a security incident.
- Adaptive Security Posture: Your security systems can adapt over time, adjusting to the evolving threat landscape without manual reprogramming.
- Efficient Resource Allocation: IT teams can improve efficiency by using predictive insights to prioritize high-risk areas.
Integrating machine learning and predictive analytics into your IT security strategy can help create a more competent defense against emerging threats.
Integrating Behavioral Analysis for Real-Time Protection
Integrating behavioral analysis into your software security protocol provides a dynamic layer of real-time protection. Unlike traditional security measures, behavioral analysis focuses on how users and systems typically behave, making it easier to spot anomalies that may indicate a breach.
Implementing User and Entity Behavior Analytics (UEBA):
- Baseline Normal Activity: First, establish what ‘normal’ looks like in your environment to detect anomalies. UEBA systems use machine learning to understand typical user behaviors and entity activity patterns.
- Identifying Risky Behavior: UEBA solutions assign risk scores based on deviations from established norms. These scores help security teams prioritize the most serious threats.
- Timeline Analysis for Threat Detection: By stitching together related events into a coherent timeline, analysts can better assess the scope of a potential threat.
Behavioral analysis is particularly adept at identifying insider threats and compromised user credentials. By monitoring for unusual access patterns or atypical data transfers, behavioral analysis helps to counter threats that traditional security measures might miss.
Advantages of Real-time Behavioral Analysis:
- Quick Detection: Identify threats as they occur, not after the damage is done.
- Reduced False Positives: More accurate differentiation between malicious activity and benign anomalies.
- Adaptive: Continuously learns and adapts to the evolving behaviors within your IT environment.
Integrating real-time behavioral analysis into your security framework means staying one step ahead of the attackers by catching them in the act.
Integrating behavioral analysis into your security strategy requires combining technology, data analysis, and human expertise. By continuously monitoring and adapting to evolving threats, organizations can enhance their ability to detect and respond to security incidents in real time.
Practical Tips for a Strong IT Security Posture
Maintaining a strong IT security posture is crucial for safeguarding an organization’s assets and data. Organizations can establish a robust and resilient IT security posture by adopting specific software security steps, better protecting against a wide range of cyber threats. Remember that security is an ongoing process that requires continuous improvement and adaptation to the evolving threat landscape.
Team Member Education and Awareness Training
Member education and awareness training are essential elements of a strong IT security posture. By equipping your team with the right knowledge, they become your first line of defense against cyber threats.
Components of Effective Training Programs:
- Identifying Phishing Scams: Teach all members how to recognize signs of phishing and the importance of reporting suspicious emails.
- Password Best Practices: Encourage the use of strong passwords and the adoption of multi-factor authentication.
- Handling Sensitive Data: Instruct on secure ways to manage and share sensitive information.
- Safe Internet Habits: Emphasize the importance of updating software, avoiding suspicious downloads, and utilizing secure connections.
- Incident Reporting Protocols: Ensure that employees understand how and when to report security incidents.
Benefits of Regular Cybersecurity Training:
- Risk Reduction: Educated team members are less likely to fall victim to cyber threats.
- Empowered Workforce: Knowledgeable members can make informed decisions that protect company data.
- Compliance: Training helps meet legal and regulatory requirements related to data protection and privacy.
Remember, the goal is to create an informed culture where cybersecurity is a shared responsibility.
Build Secure Software Today
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FAQ: Fortifying Your IT Security
Fortifying IT security involves implementing a comprehensive strategy to protect your organization’s digital assets from cyber threats.
By systematically implementing these measures, organizations can fortify their IT security and create a resilient defense against cyber threats. Keep security measures updated to match the changing threats and the organization’s risk profile.
What Are the First Steps in Establishing an IT Defense Strategy?
When establishing an IT defense strategy, your first steps should be:
- Assess: Perform a risk assessment to identify potential threats and vulnerabilities within your IT environment.
- Plan: Develop a security plan that includes policies, procedures, and an incident response strategy.
- Educate: Train employees on security best practices and their role in maintaining cybersecurity.
This foundation sets the stage for a robust security posture to protect your digital assets effectively.
How Can Organizations Stay Ahead of Emerging Security Threats?
To stay ahead of emerging security threats, organizations should:
- Invest in Continuous Learning: Stay updated on the latest threat landscape and security technologies.
- Implement Proactive Monitoring: Utilize threat intelligence and predictive analytics to detect potential risks early.
Keeping a finger on the pulse of cybersecurity developments can help preemptively address threats. | <urn:uuid:c9a07596-f041-430f-9617-158f9632a82f> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://fullscale.io/blog/software-security-threats/ | 2024-04-12T15:08:50Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.887965 | 4,906 | 5,818 |
Everyone has a different mouse grip style according to their level of comfort and hand size. The most common grip styles include palm grip, fingertip grip, and claw grip. Out of all these types, palm grip is a balance of performance and provides ergonomic hand posture. This grip style requires a mouse that can support the relaxing wrist posture while you play favorite games. If you are the one who is searching for the best palm grip mouse for your gaming adventure, we got a few recommendations. Apart from this, it is highly imperative you must purchase a mousepad alongside the mouse since using it on a normal surface would be waste of time and money.
Besides offering shopping tips, and recommendations, you must first come to know the difference between palm grip, claw grip, and fingertip grip. For that, you must scroll directly to the bottom. These are important shopping tips when purchasing any type of mouse, the grip decides your comfort and aim in FPS games. To expand more, some people may not prefer palm Grip mouse, instead, they may go for something like a drag clicking mouse, to play games like Minecraft a much better space. Similarly, there are also the best gaming mice, which offer fast sensors, and likewise, you can say vertical mice. All things aside, let’s look at the Palm Grip-type mouse for now.
Palm grip mice provide ultimate support to hours of gaming due to their ergonomic design. They have a supportive design for resting the entire hand on the mouse, which reduces strain on fingers and wrists. Besides other mouse types, they allow relaxed posture. Due to the availability of several palm grip mice in the market, decision-making becomes tough. You have to choose the right mouse that can best suit your hand size and provide precise operation.
Best Palm Grip Mouse 2022
- Logitech G403 Hero 25K
- SteelSeries Rival 310
- Logitech G203 Prodigy
- Razer Mamba Wireless
- Logitech G502 SE Hero
- Corsair Ironclaw Wireless RGB
- HyperX Pulsefire Surge
1. Logitech G403 Hero 25K
Best palm grip gaming mouse
Sensor Type: Optical | DPI: 25,600 | Buttons: 6 | Hand: Right Hand | Interface: USB/Wired | Weight: 3.07 ounces
Reasons to Buy
Reasons to Avoid
The Logitech G403 Hero 25K is one of the best gaming mice with a minimalistic design. It is the gaming mouse with best palm grip that checks all the boxes for a quality mouse. The elevated back has more curve than the typical mouse, which fits like a glove and keep the hand easy and steady for palm grippers.
The Logitech G403 Hero is an ergonomic mouse and works best for all hand sizes. You don’t need to stretch and reach the primary mouse buttons for the palm grip. However, the layout is not ambidextrous, which leaves the left-hand users at a slight disadvantage while leveraging the right-handed users.
G403 has a convenient layout for the buttons for easy reach. Its buttons are easy to access while preventing accidental touch because of slightly higher button placement. Overall, there are six programmable buttons on this mouse with mechanical control. The switches used for this gaming mouse have excellent control over the actuation force. On top of that, it has a rubbery surface that is soft to touch while providing a stable grip.
The Logitech G403 Hero 25K uses a Hero sensor for accurate and precise control. The sensor has a claimed performance to outperform its counterparts. The overall performance is ten times better than the competitors, which translates to an enormous boost for FPS gaming.
Besides the sensor, the CPI range of G403 Hero 25K is exceptional. It has a higher CPI range of 25,600 for an excellent tracking speed. The movement of the cursor is smooth and precise, which makes the palm grip experience more satisfying. Owing to the sensor and large DPI value, it is the perfect palm grip mouse in the competition.
Overall, Logitech G403 Hero 25K is an excellent choice if you want an ergonomically designed palm grip gaming mouse. It is best for lightweight and MMO gaming due to its high pooling rate and adjustable DPI. The low click latency and small lift-off distance make it the perfect choice for a smooth and lag-free gaming experience.
2. SteelSeries Rival 310
Best palm grip mouse for large hands
Sensor Type: Optical | CPI: 12,000 | Buttons: 6 | Hand: Right Hand | Interface: USB/Wired | Weight: 3.52 ounces
Reasons to Buy
Reasons to Avoid
The SteelSeries Rival 310 is the best weird gaming mouse with an optical sensor and lightweight design. It is pretty similar to the SteelSeries Rival 500 but has less clutter on the side and comes with a lightweight build. The grip and low click latency make it a solid choice for gamers who like to showcase their skills and like to get an edge over the competition.
The ergonomic design of the Rival 310 makes it the best palm grip mouse for large hands. The wired mouse has a curved design to fit nicely inside the palm grip. It gives a natural feel to the hand with the textured plastic. The side of the mouse has a rubber pattern that helps in gripping it effectively. Besides that, the slight middle hump protects that hand from slipping. Its thumb groove and outwards slopes lift the strain from the hands while gaming or using a mouse for long hours.
The Rival 3 has a versatile CPI range with an increment of 100 for each level. It can operate from 100 to 12,000 CPI range depending on your needs. This mouse utilizes TrueMove three optical LED sensors for better precision and coverage over different surfaces. The USB/Wired connectivity provides a good MMO and FPS gaming experience with low click latency.
There are six programmable buttons on Rival 310, which translate to 8 actionable inputs. You can set an individual profile for each button settings. However, there is no physical button on the mouse for quick switching between the provide. Instead, you can utilize the software utility to access and switch the stored profile. Alternatively, you can assign a single profile to a specific button but with no switch option for multiple profiles.
Rival 310 delivers excellent performance in every aspect. Its precision and control feel right on the spot. Moreover, the click actuation feels too good for each button available on the mouse. The thumb button remains consistent regarding actuation and prevents any accidental clicking. You will no longer need to fear accidental thumb clicks in your favorite games like Overwatch, which can pull the ultimate move.
Overall, SteelSeries Rival 310 is a comfortable and reliable wired mouse for FPS gaming. Its palm grip ensures excellent performance while lifting off the strain from wrists. With one of the highest CPI, it is sensitive enough to deal with the larger display for competitive gaming.
3. Logitech G203 Prodigy
Best palm grip mouse for small hands
Sensor Type: Optical | DPI: 6,000 | Buttons: 6 | Hand: Ambidextrous | Interface: USB/Wired | Weight: 3 ounces
Reasons to Buy
Reasons to Avoid
The Logitech G203 Prodigy is the best mouse for small hands due to its small and compact footprint. It is not specs loaded but does a nice job in every department for provided overall a good performance. Having compatibility with the Logitech G HUB, there are a lot of customization opportunities available in G203. If you have small hands and need a reliable mouse, nothing compares with this mouse.
Aesthetically the G203 feels plain with a matte plastic appearance. At first glance, it does not seem any different from the common office mouse due to the absence of any texture and shape. But when closely observed, it is sturdy and comes with the modern LED RGB setup at the posterior end. The approach for the six-button is pretty easier as they reside on the mouse for easy access for small hands.
Logitech G203 has the lowest DPI sensor on our list. However, it does not affect the performance of a mainstream gamer. The 6,000 DPI is excellent for competitive gaming and playing on 1080 o4 1440p panels. You won’t observe any difference in the performance even while playing for esports FPS as the sensor is accurate and provide precise performance. However, you may get a 10,000 DPI or more sensor if you want it to future proof for your competitive gaming events.
One limitation that G203 carries for enthusiasts is the limitation of the gaming profile storage. It can only store a single gaming profile compared to the multiple profiles that we usually get in the high-end gaming mouse. However, there is a way around using Logitech software, which let you store infinite profile with individual customizations.
The Logitech 203 is fast and consistent with the precision you want in the palm grip mouse. Despite the snappy clicking and response, you may feel the buttons a bit louder. They have slightly more travel distance than their superior counterparts. Overall, it does not affect the performance for competitive gaming, but a slightly shallow and faster click could do much better for FPS gaming.
Overall, the mouse shows decent click latency and performance that you need for gaming and work needs. It is responsive and comes in a manageable size and shape for small hands. The ambidextrous shape makes it a pretty solid choice for the palm grip. However, you can use any grip type depending on your hand size and style.
4. Razer Mamba Wireless
Best wireless palm grip mouse
Sensor Type: Optical | DPI: 16,000 | Buttons: 7 | Hand: Right Hand | Interface: Wireless | Weight: 4.8 ounces
Reasons to Buy
Reasons to Avoid
The Razer Mamba is a perfect find for palm grippers who want wireless connectivity. Razer has excelled in the wireless mouse niche, which is evident from Razer Mamba. It comes with solid features, robust build quality, high DPI sensor, and performance that you want in the wireless palm grip mouse.
The design of the Razer Mamba is not exactly symmetrical as it is predominantly right-handed. The lightweight and wide frame makes it a perfect mouse for palm grip. The rubber grip of the mouse is spongy and makes your hand comfortable even after hours of usage. There are grips on both sides that have horizontal textures for a comfortable feel. They also prevent the hands from straining or sleeping during intense gameplay.
Razer has used mechanical switches for the buttons in Mamba. With eight programmable buttons, you can utilize this mouse for MMO gaming. All the keys are easily accessible for all hand types while helping in flawless performance.
Regarding performance, Razer used a 5g sensor which is flawless and accurate for most scenarios. It has the highest CPI level of 16,000 while the polling rate tops at 1000 Hz. You can adjust the polling rate between the increments of 125 Hz, 500 Hz, and 1000 Hz. These features make the Razer Mamba snappy and accurate with a fluid gliding experience.
Wireless connectivity is not only the unique feature that Razer Mamba is hiding under its hood; it has customizable RGB lighting. You can manage the lighting through Razer Chroma. There are two color zones in this mouse, with each having support for 16.8 million colors. The first zone is on the Razer logo, and the second one lies beneath the scroll wheel. Razer Chroma helps to synchronize the mouse RGB lighting with the other peripherals to add up more to the aesthetics of the gaming rig.
Overall the Razer Mamba is the perfect wireless mouse for palm grip. It has an extended battery life of 50 hours on a single charge. You can expect more battery backup by disabling the LED lights. It is lightweight and snappy to use with an adjustable CPI range. The layout of the mouse is right-hand dominant, but a left-handed user can also use it due to easy to grip design. However, a smaller hand can face problems in handling due to large dimensions.
5. Logitech G502 SE Hero
Best palm grip mouse for FPS
Sensor Type: Optical | DPI: 16,000 | Buttons: 11 | Hand: Right Hand | Interface: USB/Wired | Weight: 4.3 ounces
Reasons to Buy
Reasons to Avoid
The Logitech G502 SE Hero is 16,000 DPI’s palm grip mouse for FPS gaming. It has an 11 button layout for facilitating competitive gaming on PC. The mouse has a right-handed layout with the high build quality. Its wired connectivity and solid appearance offer an appealing look for gaze, while the ergonomic design provides a comfortable grip for all-day gaming.
G502 SE Hero is quite similar to its predecessor from the outside. It has an angular and dark design similar to the Batmobile. Due to its peculiar design, you may need to feel it is suitable for the office setup. However, it’s a delight for the gamers to want something new from the conventional layout. The build quality of the mouse is quite spectacular due to the solid black plastic on grips and buttons. Between the sections, there is a touch of glossy plastic that adds to the aesthetic value of the mouse.
The DPI of 16,000 seems impressive on this mouse in terms of numbers. It is extremely sensitive and can work with any given modern gaming setup with accuracy and precision. Although putting a 16K sensor inside a mouse is no use for the majority of gamers, but Logitech has followed the trend of putting high-end specifications for winning the race. At most, you can get an advantage of 10,000 DPI in specific scenarios, but 16K is just overkill for attracting gaming enthusiasts.
What makes the Logitech G502 Hero get a solid place in our palm grip mice list is its impressive 11 button layout. You cannot easily find a mouse with this many buttons on the market except a few ones like Razer Naga. The G502 supports five profile presets in onboard memory, while you can change them anytime using the G HUB software. It offers easy profile switching using the dedicated key to eliminate the need to access the software to do the deed every time.
Overall, Logitech G502 Hero is the ultimate choice for click latency and customizable CPI range. It has buttons for responsive click and minimal actuation force. The body feels premium and well-made while remaining comfortable for the palm grip. It is best to suit the larger hands so people with small hands can look for Logitech G203 Prodigy.
6. Corsair Ironclaw Wireless RGB
Best ergonomic palm grip mouse
Sensor Type: Optical | DPI: 18,000 | Buttons: 8 | Hand: Right Hand | Interface: Wireless | Weight: 4.6 ounces
Reasons to Buy
Reasons to Avoid
The Corsair Ironclaw is an excellent mouse for an ergonomic grip. It comes with a large and right-handed design with everything from thumb rest to a comfortable layout to make it the most recommended palm grip mouse for a comfortable feel. It comes with an amazing sensor, low click latency, and liberation for wired and wireless connectivity.
The Corsair Ironclaw combines comfort and functionality to make it the best ergonomic palm grip mouse for gaming. It is the best choice for the people who need an affordable mouse with all the perks of its expensive counterparts. Its shape provides a comfortable and relaxing position for the hand. You can utilize its sharp-angled slope body for perfect grip. The plastic feels soft, and the texture provides the pattern to lower the strain level on the palm, thumb, and index finger.
The buttons on Corsair Ironclaw are suitable for the majority of palm grippers due to their perfect placement. Due to the right-handed layout, most buttons are on the left. It takes a few days to familiarize myself with all the layout. However, you can use the buttons to get maximum potential for small and medium-sized hands during FPS gaming.
The RGB lighting perfectly matches the mouse body for a spectacular display. Ironclaw uses RGB lighting in distinct regions for adding aesthetics to your overall computer rig. The main RGB regions include the logo, scroll wheel, and front edge of the mouse. You can also customize the indicator lights, which showcase the information related to DPI and wireless connectivity.
One thing that keeps the Corsair Ironclaw right in the competition is its Pixart PMW3391 sensor. This is a modified and tweaked variant of PMW3390. Due to its complete tweaking, it packs a higher CPI range up to 18,000. Besides the higher CPI range, it has a 50G acceleration and 450 IPS rating. These features overall make the mouse accurate and snappy in its operation.
Overall. The Corsair Ironclaw is something that you like to have for FPS gaming. It has an accurate sensor and low click latency for competitive gaming. The wired and wireless ability makes it an easy pick for people who like multiple connectivity options. However, the mouse feels slightly heavier, which is not towards the annoying end.
7. HyperX Pulsefire Surge
Attractive palm grip mouse under $40
Sensor Type: Optical | DPI: 16,000 | Buttons: 6 | Hand: Ambidextrous | Interface: USB/Wired | Weight: 4.6 ounces
Reasons to Buy
Reasons to Avoid
The HyperX Pulsefire Surge is the most attractive palm grip mouse on our list. It is the perfect choice if you are on a budget. The ambidextrous design and sturdy body contribute to a comfortable palm grip on this mouse. It is suitable for palm grip; all other grips work equally well on this budget gaming mouse. Despite the low price range, its tactile buttons and scroll wheels provide performance equal to the higher-priced mouse.
HyperX is an ambidextrous mouse with a symmetrical design. It has comfortable spots for resting the thumb and pinky finger. You can use it for both hands as the finger and thumb support are present on both sides of this ambidextrous mouse. It has a matte black plastic coating that matches the rubber grip present on the top and side of the mouse. This pattern feels comfy to hold, while the slight hump at the middle helps maintain the palm grip efficiently.
The HyperX Surge utilizes Pixart 3389 sensor for accurate tracking and precise motions. It relies on the sensor to provide fast and snappy gameplay. You can change the native DPI settings from 16,000 to a lower number using the programmed button or software utility. It allows easy switch between the preset profiles using the center divider button. Having a smooth transition between profiles is a worthy feature of HyperX for FPS gaming.
Having a reliable sensor and higher DPI is not the only worthy feature of this best palm grip mouse under $40. It has 360 RGB lighting around the edge of the mouse. These cool features allow you to illuminate HyperX Surge with vibrant color and showcase its aesthetically pleasing lights to your friends. HyperX offers a lot of customizations in RGB lighting by providing NGenuity software. This utility is fairly easier to understand, and you can manage profiles too. If you can stretch above $40, why not look at Gaming Mouse Under $50 for a much better return on money.
Overall, the HyperX Pulsefire Surge is a decent choice for a budget palm grip mouse. It has a wide range of DPI for playing precisely on larger displays. Besides its main ergonomic layout, the RGB lighting adds more fun for anyone who wants customized lighting for their gaming mouse. However, it has slightly higher click latency than its expensive counterparts, which is still negligible for most gaming needs. If you have a HyperX Mousepad, this is a very decent option.
|Full hand support
|Partial hand support
|Only fingers support
|Allows more control
|Less control and more dexterity
|Good for overall operating
|The ultimate choice for rapid clicking
|Speed and precision at finest
|Need full arm control
|Need wrist control
|Need finger control
|Suits lower DPI
|Best for higher DPI
|Best for higher DPI
Claw grip is a little trade-off between palm and fingertip grip. It allows a greater range of motions for better dexterity. For flicking movements, claw grip is the best and most comfortable position for grabbing the mouse. Claw grip mouse allows faster movement and rapid clicks that come in handy for playing FPS gaming.
In contrast to the claw grip, the palm grip mouse is more comfortable for playing games for hours without straining the hands. However, you need to move your hands to get the desired motions fully. The palm grip mouse enables the gamers to achieve the grip more comfortably for longer hours than the claw grip.
Both mouse grips have their benefits and perks, but the palm is better for long-term use. It suits slow-paced gameplay and has room for little dexterity. On the other hand, the claw grip strains the hands much faster but suits faster and higher DPI gaming.
In the end, it all depends on the style of your grip and the mouse you use to select the right grip type. Some gamers use multiple grips for getting a higher edge over the opponents when playing multiple games.
Palm Grip Vs Finger Grip Mouse
Palm and fingertip grip mice are opposite in terms of design and outcome. A palm grip mouse provides more control over the movements and keeps the hand comfortable. It engages the entire hand with maximum contact with the mouse surface.
In contrast, the finger grip mouse does involve only two fingers to operate the mouse for the most part. It also involves slight wrist action for faster movement and accurate flicking techniques. Fingertip grip mice are more practical for playing games at higher sensitivity. This grip style is best for the large hand size due to easy access to the primary buttons.
The size and shape of the mouse are two important considerations when buying the palm grip mouse. You need to consider several other things, including sensor type, performance, and click latency of the mouse.
We are confident that you can easily choose your favorite palm grip mice from our test mice mentioned above. Each mouse has its unique ability that can suit your needs and requirements. However, Logitech G403 Hero 25K remains the universal choice for palm grip due to its balanced design and features for every gamer and enthusiast.
Frequently Asked Questions
The palm grip is not rocket science to master. There are certain things that you need into consideration to avoid straining on hand.
First thing first, always make full contact with your palm with the mouse surface.
Don’t hang the hand into the air. Place the wrist on the table or mouse pad for getting into a comfortable position.
Let your fingers fit naturally on the primary buttons. Don’t over-force the grip.
Use mouse in close proximity of arm for a smooth gliding motion.
Holding the palm grip mouse is as easy as cutting the cake. You need to place the mouse on a flat surface and then place your palm over it while letting the fingers fall naturally. You need to have full contact with the palm with the mouse surface. In this way, you can get a better grip and precise cursor movements for gaming.
Logitech G502 SE Hero is a durable, accurate FPS gaming mouse. Its largest strength for FPS gaming is the presence of 11 programmable keys. A 16K sensor allows a DPI of up to 16,000 to enhance the gaming experience. The accuracy, speed, and responsiveness of this mouse are second to none. | <urn:uuid:dcfee520-4e74-4591-a8ca-9ed8db920ed7> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://gamingexpert.net/best-palm-grip-mouse/ | 2024-04-12T14:25:30Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.921097 | 4,913 | 5,874 |
"I received a radiogram from Gen. Marshall informing me that Gen. MacArthur would call on me to send a flight of long-range bombers to Mindanao before March 15th.... MacArthur had been ordered out.
From the wreckage of Java I had brought a dozen B-17s of the 19th Group. They were in pretty bad shape. In a fully equipped air force they all would have been scrapped.... But they were all we had, and we had to keep them flying, if we tied them together with chewing gum and baling wire.... I looked over my B-17s.... There wasn't a bomber in the lot fit for the Philippines trip.... There was only one way out. Twelve new Flying Fortresses had just arrived in Australia, but they were assigned to the Navy.... I went to Admiral Herbert Fairfax Leary, and told him I had to get MacArthur out of the Philippines.... Could I borrow three of his planes to bring him to Australia? Leary had the reputation of saying no to all requests, unless he could see that the Navy would benefit by his acquiescence. 'I'd like to help you, Brett,' he said, 'but it is quite impossible. We need those planes here, and can't spare them for a ferry job, no matter how important it is....'
I had no jurisdiction over the Navy, and could not commandeer those planes.... Leary was...determined to hang on to his B-17s come hell or high water. There was nothing else to do but send the best of our combat-shattered group. We did all we could with them mechanically, which, I'll be the first to admit, wasn't too much.... Only one of the planes...was able to get through.... Of the other three I had dispatched, two experienced engine trouble, and turned back. The third fell into the sea, but the crew was picked up.... The problem remained exactly the same as it had been in the first place.... Back I went to Adm. Leary. I expected the same answer I'd had before, but was prepared to get tougher. But Leary didn't give me a single 'no'. Perhaps he had heard directly from Washington ... the Admiral loaned me four beautiful new bombers.... " George H. Brett, " The MacArthur I Knew," True (October 1947), pp. 139-140.
2 The following editorial is typical of the reactions of the Japanese press: "The fact that the general public in the Allied countries is hailing MacArthur as the only man now capable of leading the Allied forces is a clear evidence of the pitiful dearth of Allied leadership. That one general can mean so much to the Allied cause is a damaging confession that the rest of their leaders are unworthy of confidence. Hysterical emphasis laid on the supposedly miraculous qualities of this one man reveals how worried the British and Americans are over their continued reverses and how frantically they are clutching at this one straw represented by MacArthur." Japan Times and Advertiser, Tokyo, March 20, 1942.
3 Radio from MacArthur to Beebe, 21 Mar 42, 000.75, AG, GHQ (S): "The President of the United States ordered me to break through the Japanese lines and proceed from Corregidor to Australia for the purpose, as I understand it, of organizing the American offensive against Japan, a primary object of which is the relief of the Philippines. I came through and I shall return."
4 In a letter to the Secretary of the Defense Committee, Australian Department of Defense Coordination, on 1 April 1942 (323.36, AG GHQ), General MacArthur explained his position in the following words: "At the present time I am operating not as Commander of SWPA which is to be established, but as the Commanding General of all United States troops in the Far East to which have been attached Admiral Leary's naval forces. With the Australian forces, I am functioning by coordination and cooperation."
The tactful assistance and discreet intervention of the Australian Defense Secretary, Sir Frederick G. Shedden, one of the ablest of Australian civil servants, should be noted in this connection. Sir Frederick maintained a liaison office directly with GHQ which aided greatly in the co-operative effort.
11 Radio No. AG 381 from MacArthur to AGWAR (for Marshall), 20 Apr 42, WD (28) C/S. Of the 11 divisions of Australian forces, only about 2 divisions and 1 brigade could be considered available for operations. General MacArthur reported: "The Australian Army has 1 division and 1 division less 2 brigades which have returned from the Middle East which are...effective troops. One additional division in the home force is approaching combat condition. The remainder of the Army is composed of a militia in a very indifferent state of training and equipment which can be prepared for combat only by prolonged and intensive efforts...." CINCSWPA Radio No. 558 to WARCOS, 1 May 42, AG GHQ 384 No. 1 (S).
12 GHQ General Order No. 1, 18 Apr 42, AG GHQ 300.4 GO (S); WARCOS Radio No. 1167 to CG USAFIA, 8 Apr 42, C/S GHQ WD 10 (S). Forces of the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army in Australia then consisted chiefly of one infantry company which was assigned to Allied Land Forces in May.
13 GHQ General Order No. 1, 18 Apr 42, AG GHQ 300.4 GO (S). WARCOS Radio No. 1188 to CG USAFFE, 9 Apr 42, C/S GHQ WD 10A (S). CINCSWPA Radio to WARCOS, 24 Apr 42, AG 5AF 322.99 Dutch Units (S). CINCSWPA Radio No. 558 to WARCOS, 1 May 42, AG GHQ 384 No. 1 (S). It would take many months for this allocation to become effective. See n. 18.
14 GHQ General Order No. 1, 18 Apr 42, AG GHQ 300.4 GO (S). Samuel Eliot Morison, History of United States Naval Operations in World War II, Vol. III, " The Rising Sun in the Pacific, 1931-April 1942 " (Boston, 1948), p. 261. and Vol. IV, " Coral Sea, Midway and Submarine Actions, May 1942-August 1942 " (Boston, 1950), p. 15. General MacArthur repeatedly urged that an aircraft carrier be provided, "even of the smallest type", to give these naval units offensive power. He stated that "the surface element of our naval force is unbalanced because of lack of integral air units, in consequence of which its value as a striking force is nullified, reducing it to the execution of minor missions." If the necessary carrier protection were provided, it "could transform the force from an ineffective element into a powerful offensive weapon.... The enemy's lines are partially uncovered and carelessly defended due to the fact that he has been practically unchallenged. This opportunity will not continue indefinitely; when he consolidates his position, the situation will be much more difficult. I consider it a waste of our potentialities to operate such an unbalanced force at the point of immediate contact." CINCSWPA Radio No. 453 to WARCOS, 24 Apr 42, WD 35, C/S GHQ (S).
15 JCS Directive to CINCSWPA, 30 Mar 42, G-3, GHQ JCS/CCS 42-43 (S). Report of Organization and Activities, United States Army Forces in Australia, AG GHQ 314.7, USAFIA. CINCSWPA Radio to WARCOS, 24 Apr 42, AG 5AF 322.99 Dutch Units (S).
17 "In the spring of 1942 the Japanese did not think that General MacArthur would establish himself in New Guinea and defend Australia from that position," said Captain Toshikazu Ohmae, IJN, Senior Staff Officer, Southeast Area Fleet at Rabaul, June 1942-December 1943. "They also did not believe that he would be able to use New Guinea as a base for offensive operations against them. The Japanese felt that General MacArthur could not establish himself in Port Moresby because he did not have sufficient forces to maintain himself there and because the Japanese Navy was confident that it could control the Coral Sea and keep him out of New Guinea. In view of the successful air attacks against Darwin and Townsville, the Japanese reasoned that General MacArthur's forces were weak or they would have staved off the attacks. Such was the attitude of the Japanese Army and Navy High Command before the battle of Midway." This opinion was corroborated by other Japanese commanders who fought in the New Guinea area. For example, Colonel Jinmatsu Morifuji, Eighth Area Army Staff Officer, stated: "The Japanese did not anticipate that General MacArthur would attempt to defend Australia by establishing his forces in New Guinea. For this reason the Japanese did not stress the importance of New Guinea at the beginning of the campaign." Interrogation Files, G-2 Historical Section, GHQ, FEC.
18 General Brett, Allied Air Force Commander in Australia, commented on these problems as follows "We had flown what was left of our planes out of Java, just as Brereton had flown his out of the Philippines. I took over as commander of the American forces. The situation was, to put it mildly, muddled and unhappy. Australia's defenses were weak, and Australia expected an invasion. There are no better fighting men in the world than the hard-bitten soldiers of the island continent, but there were too few of them. The Royal Australian Air Force was equipped with almost obsolete planes and was lacking in engines and spare parts, as well as personnel. We had only one American infantry division, and that was incompletely trained. When Gen. MacAthur arrived, he was extremely disappointed in what he found. He had not wanted to leave the Philippines.... However, his better judgment prevailed, influenced, possibly, by reports that a great American army was being gathered in Australia for him to lead. It did not take long for him to find out how erroneous these reports had been. There was no great army, and the air force consisted of a few battered planes, and combat-weary men....
I knew MacArthur was thoroughly dissatisfied with what he was getting, and he could not be blamed for that.... We...were fighting in the air over New Guinea, on a starvation ration of planes and ammunition and men.... We were working sixteen and eighteen hours a day.... The airmen found it difficult to understand why their country, the greatest industrial nation on earth, could not give them the tools with which to fight. What seemed almost as bad was the fact that our country seemed more concerned with the German phase of the global conflict than with the Japanese. There was only a comparative handful of Americans in the Pacific theater. We didn't have much to fight with, but we were hopeful that plenty would come through sooner or later. But, nothing much came through in those dreary months, and this unescapable fact, as well as the danger and monotony and bad living conditions, had our boys very badly down.... On my way back Stateside, everywhere I went I saw bombers and fighters stacked up waiting to move to Australia. Many had been waiting for a long time.... Our effectiveness was curtailed, our losses higher than they should have been, because those men and planes were held back. I was compelled to send into combat fighter pilots with less than ten hours' experience on the type of plane assigned them, when there were available men with hundreds of hours of flying time in the same type of aircraft...." Brett, Op. Cit. pp. 26, 27, 139, 149.
20 In order to delay the Japanese even longer, General MacArthur had planned to continue resistance as long as possible in the southern islands of the Philippines after the fall of Bataan and Corregidor. His plan is illustrated by a radio sent to General Sharp, CG, Mindanao Force on 9 May: "Since his surrender, orders emanating from General Wainwright are no longer valid. Insofar as possible, separate your force into small elements and initiate guerrilla operations. You, of course, have full authority to make any decisions required by immediate emergency. Keep in communication with me as much as possible. You are a gallant and resourceful Commander and I am proud of what you have done."
22 General MacArthur's estimate of the strategic situation was correct; the Japanese were making plans to complete the isolation of Australia. "In the spring of 1942, the Japanese Navy, eager to capitalize on Japan's initial success in the war, hoped to invade Australia. It was thought that such key areas as Darwin in the north and Townsville, Brisbane, and Sydney on the east coast should be occupied," said Captain Ohmae. "The Navy was responsible for defending New Guinea, New Britain and the Solomons, so Australia figured heavily in its plans.... The Navy realized that Australia would become not only the base from which counterattacks would be launched against Japanese forces, but the steppingstone for an invasion of Japan itself.... By invading Australia the supply of war materials, particularly airplanes, gas and oil which had already begun to flow from the United States would be stopped. The Navy suggested the idea of invading Australia to the Army in March 1942. The Army estimated that it would require at least ten or twelve divisions to carry out such a large-scale operation. The Army, however, felt that it could not adopt the Navy's suggestion because it did not wish to move that many troops from Manchuria and other occupied areas at that time. Adequate transportation and supplies were also lacking. The Navy then proposed a countermeasure because it was determined to isolate Australia and prevent the shipment of American war materials. A master plan was accordingly prepared during April and May 1942 which provided for the occupation of Fiji, Samoa and New Caledonia. Submarine and air bases were to be set up to cut the supply lines from America, isolate Australia, and force her out of the war.... At the insistence of Adm. Isoroku Yamamoto, Commander-in-Chief of the Combined Fleet, however, the invasion of Midway received priority and as a result the plan to occupy New Caledonia, Fiji, and Samoa was postponed." Interrogation Files, G-2 Historical Section, GHQ, FEC.
23 General MacArthur's insistence on offensive action was contrary to Japanese hopes and expectations. They planned to secure their positions, occupy other key areas, and force the Allies into the hopeless Maginot psychology of the defensive. In March 1942, Imperial General Headquarters published the following principles for the conduct of future operations: "Mopping up in the areas already occupied will be completed as soon as possible, and our combat troops in those areas will become garrison troops.... The strategic initiative obtained from the operations at the very beginning of the war will be maintained. Positions will be established which will withstand an extended period of enemy attacks and which will force the United States and British forces into a negative defensive position. In order then to hasten the termination of the war, the necessary operations will be prepared and carried out at key points along the outer perimeter of the occupied areas." Japanese First Demobilization Bureau Report, Southeast Area Operations Record, Part II, " Seventeenth Army Operations," Vol 1, p. 2, G-2 Historical Section, GHQ, FEC.
24 The strategic importance of Australia and the Southwest Pacific Area was fully realized by Japanese Imperial General Headquarters as revealed in their estimate of the situation in October 1942: "The South Pacific seems to be the most likely position from which the enemy may carry out an offensive counterattack. The reason for this is that Australia and its surrounding islands are connected to the United States by a chain of islands, thus making the South Pacific a very potential position. The enemy will be able to threaten our command of the sea in the West Pacific from this area, recapture our southern occupational area, and occupy our South Sea Islands. Air raids can be carried out easily against our areas of important resources. After a thorough study of the situation we have decided that the enemy will probably attack this South Pacific area and will enforce regular counterattack measures after deploying his strength. The decisive battle between Japan and the United States will be the occupation of this strategic region." Japanese First Demobilization Bureau Report, Imperial General Headquarters Army High Command Record, p. 64, G-2 Historical Section, GHQ, FEC.
25 "Appreciation by Australian Chiefs of Staff," 27 Feb 42, G-3, GHQ, SWPA Journal prior to 5 Apr 42, (MS). PM Curtin Ltr to CINCSWPA, 28 Apr 42, AG GHQ 385 Aust Req B (MS). CINCSWPA Ltr to PM Curtin, 10 May 42, AG GHQ 381 Aust Req B (S).
26 WARCOS Radios Nos. 1188 and 1499 to CINCSWPA, 9 and 24 Apr 42, C/S GHQ WD 10A, 35 et seq (S). PM Curtin Ltr to CINCSWPA, 4 May 42, C/S GHQ Aust 14. PM Curtin Ltr to CINCSWPA, 30 May 42, AG GHQ 381 Aust Req B (MS).
27 The psychological effect of the New Guinea terrain on combat troops was well described by Lt. Gen. Robert L. Eichelberger, Commanding General of the Buna Forces: "The psychological factors resulting from the terrain were ... tremendously important. After a man had lain for days in a wet slit trench, or in the swamp, his physical stamina was reduced materially. This reduction served to make him extremely nervous and to attribute to the unfamiliar noises of the jungle, spectres of Japanese activities. These reactions preyed on his mind until he was reduced often to a pitifully abject state, incapable of aggressive action." Report of the Commanding General, Buna Forces on the Buna Campaign, Dec 1, 1942- Jan 25, 1943, p. 64. | <urn:uuid:50871d24-e870-427b-920e-0783fb53195c> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://history.army.mil/books/wwii/MacArthur%20Reports/MacArthur%20V1/ch02_notes.htm | 2024-04-12T13:59:51Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.974802 | 3,751 | 4,448 |
Today: Review of San Domenico Palace, Taormina a Four Seasons Hotel (Sicily, Italy)
Perched on a rocky promontory excessive above the Ionian Sea, San Domenico Palace welcomes its company to a 14th-century convent with panoramic views of Mount Etna and the traditional Greek theater. Following an intensive renovation, the long-lasting property reopened as a Four Seasons lodge in 2021. The magnificent resort enjoys an idyllic location within the hilltop city of Taormina on the japanese shores of Sicily, overlooking the Ionian Sea. The lodge contains an historical Dominican convent from the 14th century, in addition to a Grand Hotel Wing that was added in 1896. The 111 visitor rooms and suites characteristic unique structure and classy furnishings. Facilities embrace an onsite spa, an out of doors infinity pool, magnificent Italian gardens, and several other bars & eating places, together with the Michelin star restaurant Principe Cerami. The fabulous lodge was used because the setting for season two of the hit HBO present The White Lotus.
San Domenico Palace, a Four Seasons Hotel options in my high 10 lists of the greatest luxurious resorts in Italy, the greatest luxurious resorts in Sicily, and the greatest resorts made well-known by Hollywood films & TV reveals.
Have you ever stayed at San Domenico Palace, a Four Seasons Hotel? If so, what was your expertise? Leave a remark.
In this overview (extra data and photographs under my YouTube video):
PROS & THINGS I LIKE
- San Domenico Palace, a Four Seasons Hotel is one probably the most luxurious properties in Sicily, the most important island within the Mediterranean Sea. Sitting proper off the underside of the Italian mainland, Sicily is a unprecedented island filled with pure riches and cultural landmarks. Mother Nature has bestowed a various pure panorama upon the island, from mountains, bays, seashores, canyons and rivers to the Etna volcano with its fertile soil. Three Mediterranean seas meet round Sicily – the Tyrrhenian, the Ionian and the Sicilian Canal – making a spectacle of shades of the blue and inexperienced. The island has tons of of seashores of sand or pebbles, usually framed by majestic cliffs. It can be a cradle of Mediterranean tradition – a land that has been influenced by many cultures from Ancient Greek and Roman to Islamic-Arab, Norman and Spanish. It is dwelling to a plethora of architectural and inventive treasures, lots of that are UNESCO World Heritage websites.
- San Domenico Palace, a Four Seasons Hotel is situated in Taormina, a spectacular clifftop village on Sicily’s east coast. In the 1800s, after Johann Wolfgang von Goethe praised the fantastic thing about the village in his guide Italian Journey, Taormina turned a well-liked vacation spot for painters, together with French and German vacationers who had been attracted by the city’s repute for sexual freedom and wild events. The village additionally turned a compulsory cease on the Grand Tour – the lengthy journey made in continental Europe by the younger European aristocracy of the time to counterpoint their very own tradition. Since then many celebrities visited Taormina, and D.H. Lawrence, Truman Capote, Oscar Wilde and Greta Garbo all spent pleased moments right here (extra on that under). Today, Taormina is the vacationer capital of Sicily with guests marvelling on the vibrant colors of the ocean and sky, the traditional monuments and the majestic views of Mount Etna, Europe’s most lively volcano.
- One of Europe’s most storied resorts, San Domenico Palace, a Four Seasons Hotel has a wealthy historical past. Its origins attain again to the yr 1203, with the founding of the Dominican spiritual order by Saint Dominic in Toulouse, France. One of a very powerful spiritual organisations within the historical past of the Catholicism, the order unfold throughout Europe, resulting in the institution of a San Dominican convent in Taormina in 1374. In 1866, greater than 400 years later, the convent was remodeled right into a lodge by the constructing’s new proprietor, Prince Cerami (for whom Principe Cerami restaurant is called). In 1896, he added a big wing within the Liberty architectural model, creating one among Europe’s first grand resorts. Capitalising on the celebrity of Taormina, the lodge quickly discovered success, changing into one of the famend locations on the planet. Since 2021, the property has begun a brand new period as a Four Seasons lodge, promising to proceed its legendary repute for a brand new era.
- San Domenico Palace, a Four Seasons Hotel is a large property which is comprised of two adjoining buildings: a Garden Wing from the unique medieval monastery and the Grand Hotel Wing, added in 1896. The entrance of the lodge faces the village whereas the again of the property runs all the way down to the cliff’s edge overlooking the ocean. In between are the visitor rooms and suites, the lodge’s three eating places and bars, health club, spa, gardens and out of doors pool space. Guests enter the property through a statue-filled courtyards that results in an intimate foyer with a vaulted ceiling. Beyond the foyer is a maze of nave-like hallways, impeccably restored lounges and two historical cloisters, the place one may simply get misplaced whereas wandering and exploring. Medieval work, frescos, and statues in addition to interval architectural particulars, akin to columns and arcades are a relentless reminder of the lodge’s earlier life as a hub of artwork, tradition and faith. The former convent eating room even serves as a gallery-esque show of the works.
- The social middle of the lodge is the Grand Cloister, Bar & Chiostro, which serves because the welcome level for company upon arrival, an all-day eating space and an enthralling aperitivo setting. The venue is comprised of three adjoining areas: a formidable indoor bar with piano, the place a number of the White Lotus’ most well-known scenes befell (extra on that under); a powerful lounge space the place a Fifteenth-century wood apothecary cupboard and a spectacular floral show take middle stage; and the Grand Cloister, an out of doors cloistered courtyard that includes palm bushes, unique vegetation and flowers. Here, company can take pleasure in an ideal atmosphere at nightfall, and the venue’s cocktail listing intrigues with references to the lodge’s historical past. Take for instance Gelosia e Mandolino (“Jealousy and Mandolin”) with Vodka Giovi and purple garlic and oregano distillate, a reference to a legendary episode that befell between Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton in 1967. During one among their stays on the lodge the pair had such a livid quarrel that Taylor allegedly broke a mandolin over Burton’s head.
- San Domenico Palace, a Four Seasons Hotel boasts a magnificent design, with two ladies taking part in a key function within the constructing’s multimillion greenback makeover: architect Valentina Pisani, who oversaw the design of each the inside and out of doors areas, and Rosaria Catania Cucchiara, head of the historic restoration challenge. The lodge’s interiors characteristic a up to date model, balanced with historic structure, frescoes, and unique relics from the convent. Light colours and impartial tones are sometimes peppered by vivid colors, such because the coral purple in the principle corridor. Smoked mirrors and bronze particulars enrich the areas, as does using prestigious supplies, akin to marble from Patagonia for the rooms, marble from Breccia Carrara for the loos, and Modica stone flooring within the reception space mixed with black marble from Port Laurent in Morocco. Contemporary art work can be on show, together with Georgian artist Sophie Koe’s set up created from Mount Etna ash.
- San Domenico Palace, a Four Seasons Hotel options 111 visitor rooms, 43 of that are suites (some with non-public terraces and plunge swimming pools). The rooms within the historic monastery wing are onerous to beat for sense of place and environment; a few of these rooms even served as monks’ cells up to now. In the Nineteenth-century wing, which was added when the constructing turned a lodge, rooms have a extra up to date really feel. During my go to, I stayed in a sea-view premium room with terrace within the new wing. The room got here with a king-sized mattress, a settee with espresso desk, a closet, a toilet with a bathe, and a terrace balcony with a surprising views of the ocean. The room’s fashionable decor paid homage to the lodge’s storied previous. Welcome facilities within the room included a bowl of fruit, a bottle of glowing wine, water, a guide about Taormina, and a complimentary chocolate deal with that was designed within the form of the Teatro Greco, the traditional theater in Taormina.
- The actual wow issue of San Domenico Palace, a Four Seasons Hotel comes whenever you step out of the monastery constructing into the magnificent Italian backyard designed by panorama architect Marco Bei. The Alto Giardino (excessive backyard) remembers an impressionist portray with brushstrokes of lilac, mild blue, white and silver. Russian sage (salvia subgenus perovskia), lilac hibiscus (alyogyne), society garlic (tulbaghia violacea) and gaura develop in numerous heights in a jumble of choreographed wildness. An Italian backyard can’t be termed such with out that includes citrus bushes, and due to this fact, the lodge’s backyard includes a myriad varieties – 40 to be exact – starting from lemons, mandarins, grapefruit to calamondin, often known as miniature orange bushes. A mattress of white Mexican daisies (erigeron karvinskianus) enhances the intense colours of the citrus, whereas frangipani (genus plumeria) and orange blossoms give off an intoxicating perfume.
- The lush backyard results in an insanely stunning infinity pool on a cliff overlooking the infinite blue of the Ionian Sea, with Mount Etna standing beautifully to the suitable whereas Taormina’s Ancient Theater frames the view from the left. The colours of the pool’s tiles come within the shades of the ocean from blue to inexperienced, every in a barely totally different hue in order that the pool blends completely with the Ionian Sea and the sky. During my go to, the lodge’s iconic pool space was decked out in Dolce&Gabbana’s “Blu Mediterraneo” motif, a deep blue and white sample impressed by majolica pottery. Deeply rooted within the Italian south, this motif pays homage to Italy’s heritage in craftsmanship. The takeover concerned a spread of merchandise from Dolce&Gabbana together with umbrellas, towels, cushions, pillows, cabanas, trays, coasters and different ornamental objects. The setup additionally included a Granita Trolley wearing blue and white from which the lodge’s company may take pleasure in an icy granita in basic flavours akin to almond, espresso and lemon.
- The culinary crew of San Domenico Palace, a Four Seasons Hotel is led by Sicilian-born Executive Chef Massimo Mantarro, whose signature model is showcased on the property’s two glorious eating places:
- Principe Cerami is the lodge’s signature restaurant, awarded with one Michelin star. It is called after Sicilian nobleman Prince Domenico Rosso di Cerami, who inherited the convent round 1866, creating the circumstances for it to turn out to be a Hotel in 1896. Here you may take pleasure in a culinary journey, curated by chef Mantarr, who presents quintessential Sicilian delicacies showcasing native components and traditions. Guests can take pleasure in their meal exterior, on the restaurant’s spectacular terrace overlooking Taormina Bay, or inside, surrounded by the grandeur and magnificence of the principle eating room.
- Though it affords a extra laid-back and informal eating expertise in comparison with its Michelin-starred counterpart, Anciovi – the lodge’s second restaurant – retains the Four Seasons’ signature hallmark of painstaking consideration to element. Located proper subsequent to the pool, overlooking the ocean, the venue affords mild dishes highlighting Mediterranean seafood, together with a uncooked bar, Sicilian sushi and sharing plates. Anciovi is open for lunch and dinner.
- When you keep at San Domenico Palace, a Four Season Hotel, you’ll comply with within the footsteps of many celebrities, together with film stars, writers, presidents and royals. Some examples:
- Among the primary company to remain the lodge had been enterprise tycoons akin to John Pierpont Morgan Junior and the second Baron Rothschild, in addition to celebrated writers, together with Oscar Wilde, Anatole France and Thomas Mann, the German writer of Death in Venice.
- The writer D.H. Lawrence and his spouse had been company at San Domenico Palace within the early Twenties, and the story was apparently impressed by a sexual liaison between Lawrence’s spouse and a neighborhood donkey driver.
- After World War II, San Domenico Palace once more turned a gathering place for intellectuals akin to Henry Miller, Truman Capote and Tennessee Williams. The lodge additionally served as a trendy place to see and be seen for the movie and theatre world. A Los Angeles newspaper described Taormina as a “Disneyland of sin” – and Americans arrived in droves.
- Hidden behind the pseudonym of Miss Harriet Brown, Greta Garbo visited San Domenico Place incognito, whereas she stayed at a close-by villa for 29 years of holidays in Taormina. Other film stars got here to the lodge hoping to satisfy Garbo, together with Joan Crawford and Marlene Dietrich – however she denied their each strategy. Countless starlets had been drawn by the lodge’s magical social whirlwind, amongst them Ingrid Bergman, Maria Callas, Ava Gardner, Rita Hayworth, Sophia Loren and Anna Magnani.
- Author Vladimir Nabokov stayed at San Domenico Palace in 1956 in the course of the city’s movie pageant, the place the film of his novel Lolita was screened to nice success. About Taormina, he declared, “Discovering it was the greatest emotion of my life.”
- The early Sixties introduced visits by Audrey Hepburn and England’s Princess Margaret. The most well-known cinematic couple of the period, Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton, got here to San Domenico Palace for a romantic escape after assembly in the course of the filming of Cleopatra in 1963.
- More well-known company adopted within the subsequent many years because the lodge’s repute flourished. Roberto Benigni and Walter Matthau stayed right here whereas capturing the 1988 Italian movie, The Little Devil, and the 1988 French movie, The Big Blue, directed by Luc Besson, was filmed partly at San Domenico Palace.
- Politicians have additionally performed a task within the lodge’s historical past. In 1999, George and Barbara Bush held a luncheon for 60 pals on the lodge, whereas holidaying on a yacht. In May 2017, San Domenico Palace hosted world political leaders throughout a G7 summit assembly, furthering the lodge’s repute as a world gathering place.
- Though San Domenico Palace has stood proudly upon the rugged cliffs of Sicily’s east coast for hundreds of years – even withstanding a horrific bombing throughout World War II – it solely rose to worldwide fame in 2022 due to the second season of Mike White’s critically acclaimed collection The White Lotus. The super-rich characters within the collection had scandalous affairs and induced loads of drama whereas vacationing on the Sicilian luxurious resort. The present – which I extremely advocate in case you haven’t seen it but – was so well-liked that it put Sicily, and particularly, Taormina, on the world stage. For a very good a part of the filming within the winter of 2022, the collection’ solid and crew – together with the fantastic Jennifer Coolidge – had the glamorous five-star lodge all to themselves. The resort’s genuine decor and actual vibe may be very a lot much like what you see and really feel in The White Lotus, so if you’re a fan of the collection, you’ll love an in a single day keep right here.
- San Domenico Palace is managed by Four Seasons, in all probability the perfect recognized luxurious lodge model on the planet. The Toronto-based firm has remodeled the hospitality trade in a story of continuous innovation, outstanding growth and a single-minded dedication to the very best of requirements. Four Seasons was based in 1960 by the younger architect Isadore Sharp, however the actual breakthrough of the model got here within the seventies with the opening of the Four Seasons London. Although the corporate went public in 1986, the Sharp household – together with a gaggle of like-minded buyers akin to Bill Gates and Saudi Prince Al-Waleed bin Talal – took the corporate non-public once more in 2007 to guard the integrity of the model properly into the long run. Four Seasons at the moment manages greater than 120 resorts and resorts worldwide. The firm additionally affords non-public jet journey onboard its personal Airbus A321 (with Business Class structure), and can quickly launch non-public ultra-luxe yacht itineraries.
CONS & THINGS TO KNOW
- While situated in a wonderful backyard setting and having fun with a powerful view, the lodge’s swimming pool is a bit on the small aspect. Also, there are solely a restricted variety of solar loungers accessible across the pool and most of them are taken by early morning, which could be irritating (remember that the resort has 111 rooms and there are lower than 40 sunbeds on the pool deck). That stated, there are dozens extra of solar loungers on the terrace one flooring above the pool (known as the solarium), which nonetheless provide superb views of the Ionian Sea (however the setting shouldn’t be as spectacular as in comparison with the front-row seats on the pool).
- San Domenico Palace, a Four Seasons Hotel doesn’t have its personal seashore membership, however the property does collaborate with the three greatest seashore golf equipment within the space of Taormina: Nuova Spiaggia Paradoso, La Caravella and Caparena. A day on the seashore gained’t come low cost although: the charges at these seashore golf equipment vary from 80 euro (for 2 sunbeds) to 400 euros (for a cabanna) per day and a switch from the lodge to the seashore membership (which takes round 15 to 25 minutes) will price you round 25 euro every approach (shuttles are organized by the seashore membership). This is a distinction with the one different luxurious lodge on the town – Belmond Grand Hotel Timeo (which I reviewed right here), whose company have complimentary entry to the seashore of its sister property Belmond Villa Sant’Andrea (together with a free shuttle experience). I’d be good if San Domenico Palace would open its personal Taormina seashore membership within the close to future (with Four Seasons requirements).
- The lodge spa is fairly small for a property of this caliber. There are solely 3 remedy rooms tucked away deep within the corridors of the Grand Hotel Wing and there are not any different wellness services. It is my understanding although that San Domenico Palace, a Four Seasons Hotel is at the moment constructing a brand new spa, which is able to open subsequent season.
- San Domenico Palace, a Four Seasons Hotel doesn’t have a youngsters solely space, so whenever you go to the property in the course of the faculty holidays (which was the case throughout my keep), you may need to share the pool space with households with younger kids (and whenever you’re a bit unfortunate, the kids may take over the pool for the reason that pool shouldn’t be that huge, probably ruining the tranquil expertise you had been wanting ahead to). IMHO, the lodge’s services and atmosphere doesn’t cater properly to households with younger kids and I’d recommendation Four Seasons to think about making San Domenico Palace an adult-only retreat (or at the least implementing an age restrict for kids, for instance 10 years or older) to ensure a tranquil and serene ambiance in all company areas).
- As already talked about above, San Domenico Palace, a Four Seasons Hotel is the playground of the actors within the massively well-liked collection The White Lotus. The lodge is as a lot a star of the present as its solid of Hollywood and Italian A-listers and the vibe of the actual Four Seasons Hotel matches its fictional White Lotus counterpart. That stated, for those who’ve watched the collection, it’s essential to notice that there just a few discrepancies between what’s proven within the collection and the actual lodge. First, as already talked about, San Domenico Palace doesn’t have its personal seashore membership (the collection’ seashore membership scenes had been shot on the village of Cefalu in northern, Sicily, a 2 hour drive from Taormina). Second, company within the collection arrive by boat, however in actuality, the resort, which is perched 400 m (1300 ft) atop Taormina’s excessive rocky plateau, has no sea entry. And final, a number of the collection’ pool scenes weren’t filmed at close by Unahotels Capotaormin, a 4-star resort which includes a breathtaking sea-front infinity pool carved into the cliffs.
- Due to The White Lotus, San Domenico Palace, a Four Seasons Hotel has turn out to be word-famous and immensely well-liked in only a few weeks time. The property is so well-liked that it at the moment sells out a number of months upfront. For instance, a number of weeks are already unavailable for the 2024 summer season season, so good look discovering a lodge room right here. Also, due to its recognition, the lodge is astronomically costly, with room charges in excessive season beginning at a number of 1000’s of euros per evening. That stated, whenever you do discover an accessible room and are keen to pay the excessive charge, you may be rewarded with an excellent White Lotus-esque expertise.
- Location: 10/10
- Design: 10/10
- Pool: 9/10
- Rooms: 8/10
- Food: 10/10
- Breakfast: 9/10
- Spa: 7/10
- Service: 9/10
- Wow issue: 10/10
- Value for cash: 7/10
- Overall expertise: distinctive 9/10
TIPS FOR FUTURE GUESTS & SAVE MONEY
- Save cash: get complimentary VIP perks at San Domenico Palace, a Four Seasons Hotel when reserving your keep through Virtuoso (e.g. room improve, day by day breakfast, early check-in, late check-out, and $100 USD meals & beverage credit score).
- Save cash: learn right here my ideas for getting the perfect deal at a luxurious lodge like San Domenico Palace, Taormine, a Four Seasons Hotel (and/or obtain many free perks).
- Room tip: for a way of place, I like to recommend to guide at room or suite within the historic convent.
- Read my ideas for making ready your journey in time.
BEST TIME TO VISIT
The greatest time to go to Sicily is from May to June or September to October. These late spring and early fall months are each thought of shoulder seasons, and provide comfy temperatures and principally sunny days, ultimate for temple gazing, seashore lazing or climbing. If you guide a July or August trip, you’ll should take care of plenty of crowds, excessive costs and the most popular temperatures of the yr.
HOW TO GET THERE
San Domenico Palace, Taormine, a Four Seasons Hotel is a 50 minute drive from Catania Airport Fontanarossa (CTA) and a 3-hour drive from Palermo Falcone-Borsellino Airport (PMO). Both airports are served by a number of European airways, particularly in the course of the summer season season.
Below is a number of my photographs of San Domenico Palace, Taormine, a Four Seasons Hotel. To view extra photographs (together with breakfast in addition to dinner on the Michelin starred restaurant), click on right here.
Disclosure: I could earn commissions for purchases made by way of hyperlinks on this submit. | <urn:uuid:c75356a0-0f55-4836-9f69-9a04c9863ec4> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://hoptraveler.com/index.php/2023/10/11/san-domenico-palace-a-four-seasons-hotel-sicily/ | 2024-04-12T15:07:05Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.922078 | 5,285 | 6,126 |
(JTA) — On the day before he was set to be sworn in as Pennsylvania’s governor, Josh Shapiro had somewhere important to be: the Jewish community center in the state capital of Harrisburg.
Shapiro and his family spent Monday volunteering at the Alexander Grass Campus for Jewish Life, which was hosting a Martin Luther King Day celebration for the region.
It was an erev-inauguration stop that made sense for Shapiro, elected in November over a Republican whose campaign was continually mired in antisemitism allegations. From his stint as Pennsylvania’s attorney general to his gubernatorial campaign ads to his victory speech, Shapiro has long woven his Jewish identity into his politics — making him an archetype for a new breed of Jewish politician.
“They seem above politics because they exude pride,” said Scott Lasensky, a professor of American Jewish studies at the University of Maryland, about Shapiro and other Jewish politicians who demonstrate comfort with their identity. “It offers a much-needed respite from the reactive, defense posture that has seized the community.”
As Shapiro is sworn in Tuesday on a stack of three Hebrew Bibles — including the one that was on the bimah when a gunman massacred 11 Jewish worshipers in a Pittsburgh synagogue in 2018 — the novelty becomes reality: A Jewish day school grad and dad is now one of the most influential elected officials in the United States.
“You’ve heard me quote my scripture before, that no one is required to complete the task, but neither are we free to refrain from it, meaning each of us has a responsibility to get off the sidelines, to get in the game and to do our part,” Shapiro said in his victory speech in November, referring to the famous passage in Pirkei Avot, the compilation of ethical teachings excerpted from early Jewish writings.
It’s a speech that Shapiro’s friends, teachers and associates could have envisioned decades ago. In interviews with the Jewish Telegraphic Agency, nearly a dozen of them said Shapiro, 49, has openly melded Jewishness and activism since his early teens, practicing a politics of bringing together disparate communities with his Jewish identity at the core.
“He gets done what he needs to get done, what he wants to get done,” said Robin Schatz, the director of government affairs at the Jewish Federations of Greater Philadelphia. “And it is always in that framework of Jewish values.”
Schatz contrasted Shapiro’s openness about his Jewish identity with one of his Jewish predecessors as governor, Ed Rendell, for whom Schatz worked when Rendell was mayor of Philadelphia.
“Josh shows up for us just by being so proudly Jewish and that is really something because Rendell, who I worked for and who I love, I mean, he never hid his Jewishness, but he didn’t wear it on his sleeve,” she said.
Perhaps Shapiro’s most direct antecedent is Joe Lieberman, the Orthodox former Connecticut senator who was Al Gore’s vice presidential running mate in 2000. Lieberman, the first Jew on a major-party presidential ticket, recalled being ridiculed and questioned by Jewish groups for expressing his faith at campaign events.
That hasn’t happened for Shapiro, who is part of a relatively younger generation including congresspersons Elaine Luria of Virginia and Becca Balint of Vermont who express unabashed Jewish identities when campaigning among the broader public. Luria and two others just left Congress: Andy Levin of Michigan, who was defeated in last year’s primary after redistricting, and Ted Deutch, a Florida Democrat who last year made the transition this year to leading the American Jewish Committee. None of them wears a kippah on the campaign trail or strictly observes Shabbat, as Lieberman did, but all infuse Jewishness in their public comments and personas.
What separates Shapiro is his outsized success in a competitive race in a swing state — a record that has insiders bandying about his name as a potential presidential candidate one day.
Shapiro’s political orientation was apparent early on. Fresh out of his bar mitzvah, a 13-year-old Shapiro looked forward to his chats with Mark Aronchick, who was a leader with Josh’s parents, Steven and Judi, in the movement for Soviet Jewry in the Philadelphia area.
Shapiro centered his bar mitzvah on a letter-writing campaign to free a refusenik, a Jew whose intended emigration was blocked by the USSR’s cruel bureaucracy, and he liked to ask Aronchick about the movement, about organizing activism. But then the conversations took a turn Aronchick didn’t expect. Josh wanted to know about running a big city.
“I had been the chief lawyer for the city of Philadelphia in the early 80s,” recalled Aronchick, who became a mentor to Shapiro. “He was fascinated when we talked about that.”
In an interview last year with the Forward, after a campaign event with union organizers, Shapiro said he understood organizing as an effective tool when he was 6 and he joined his parents in campaigning for the release of Jews in the Soviet Union. (The refusenik who was the focus of Shapiro’s bar mitzvah activism, made it out in time to attend Shapiro’s bar mitzvah, which earned Shapiro Philadelphia news coverage.) Shapiro’s parents “set a very good example for me to live a life of faith and service,” he said.
Sharon Levin taught Shapiro government at Akiba Hebrew Academy (now called Jack M. Barrack Hebrew Academy) and said he stood apart at an age when boys interested in politics tend to flex their intellectual muscles through outspoken opinions and grandstanding.
“This was a pretty difficult group of kids, I don’t mean problematic, but kids who like to argue, to debate every point,” she said. “And Josh believes in cooperation, I think of him in those days as a team-builder.”
Todd Eisenberg, now a Montgomery County judge, recalled playing basketball with Shapiro for the high school team.
“He was the point guard so he was always the leader of everything,” Eisenberg said. “And he would always try to get everybody involved and make everybody feel like they’re a part of the process.”
Eisenberg was impressed by Shapiro’s leadership but not surprised — Shapiro had been pulling together kids from across the playground since first grade, when they first met.
“You know how kids are in cliques or they’re picking on other kids, he was never like that,” he said. “He was always nice to everybody involved in everything.”
In high school, Eisenberg said, Shapiro organized a chapter of Students Against Drunk Driving. “I remember him standing up for everybody and being a part of everything,” he said.
Shapiro ran for student president and lost, to classmate Ami Eden (who is now CEO of the Jewish Telegraphic Agency’s parent company, 70 Faces Media). Shapiro has for decades told people it was the only race he lost.
Levin, his government teacher at Akiba, said Shapiro had a realistic assessment of his skills and what he needed to do to succeed. He went to the University of Rochester, qualifying for the Division III basketball team, but soon realized that excellence on the Akiba court was mediocrity in an NCAA setting, she recalled.
“So he said, ‘my fallback from school was government,’ and he was the first sophomore ever to be student president at the University of Rochester,” she said. “I knocked on every door,” Shapiro recalled to Philadelphia Magazine in 2007.
From Rochester, he moved to a series of legislative aide positions in the 1990s on Capitol Hill, working for Pennsylvania Rep. Joe Hoeffel and New Jersey Sen. Robert Torricelli. His bosses remember a guy in his early 20s who was soon supervising staffers, and his colleagues recall not minding. Shapiro was pleasant, they say, but clearly on a track for greater things.
“No one ever worked for me who was as bright and focused, with such steely determination,” Torricelli told The Philadelphia Inquirer last year.
By the time he was 31, in 2004, Shapiro was running for his first elected position as a Pennsylvania state representative. He ran against Jon Fox, a Jewish Republican who had been a congressman. Shapiro impressed people in the district with his lowkey straightforwardness, said Betsy Sheerr, a Jewish lay leader and a Democrat who was friendly with both candidates, and that provided a contrast with Fox, who would shift his positions depending on the listener.
“We used to joke that John Fox was multiple choice, you know that one day he was pro-choice and the next day he wasn’t,” Sheerr recalled. “With Josh, there never has been any confusion about where he stands on things.”
Within two years, Shapiro rose to statewide prominence when he brokered a deal to break a deadlock in the state house, where Democrats had a one-seat majority. Under Shapiro’s plan, Democrats would back a moderate Republican, Denny O’Brien, to keep the scandal-plagued incumbent speaker, Republican John Perzel, from reelection. As soon as he got the job, O’Brien named Shapiro deputy speaker.
Shapiro’s backers cite the now-legendary episode as a sign of Shapiro’s leadership; his detractors say it is a signal of his self-promotion and gamesmanship. In 2008, Shapiro turned on a one-time mentor, Democratic state Rep. Bill DeWeese, saying he should step down from the party leadership because of corruption investigations. (DeWeese and Perzel both ended up serving time in prison.)
Schatz said Shapiro remained sensitive to the issues affecting the Jewish community, helping expand Medicare assistance for the elderly, instituting Holocaust education and targeting terrorist-backing countries like Iran for sanctions.
A moderate Democrat, he also stood out for breaking with the establishment. Aronchick recalled Shapiro in 2004 seeking the endorsement of Howard Dean, the former Vermont governor who was then a standard bearer for progressives.
“Josh is a consensus builder,” he said. “Others might think, ‘Do I look too progressive?’ It wasn’t a thought on Josh’s mind.”
In 2008, Shapiro was among just a handful of establishment Democrats who endorsed Barack Obama for president in a state that Hillary Clinton won in the primaries. Shapiro defended Obama when his former pastor Jeremiah Wright, came under fire for antisemitic comments.
Obama did well enough in the state, Shapiro told JTA at the time, that he believed he would do well nationally. “I think that demonstrates that the hype that Senator Obama had a problem with the Jewish community was just that — it was hype. It was not reality.” He would be proved right.
The Democratic machine killed off the “deputy speaker” title in 2009, leading the Philadelphia Jewish Exponent to muse, “The Once-Lofty Shapiro; Has He Been Brought Down a Few Pegs?”
But Matt Handel, a onetime Republican activist who left the party after Donald Trump was elected president, said that while Shapiro made enemies in the statehouse, he never let it get to him.
“He can be angry about things, you know, he can find them offensive. But if you watch him speak, he maintains control of what he says and how he responds,” said Handel, who interacted with Shapiro when Handel chaired the Pennsylvania Jewish Coalition, a statewide advocacy body.
Shapiro soon was looking elsewhere: He ran for and won a spot on the three-member Montgomery County Board of Commissioners, where he was elected chairman, effectively the mayor of the populous and prosperous suburban Philadelphia area.
Levin, his high school teacher, recalled a call Shapiro made when he was considering a run for the U.S. Senate.
“What he said was, if, if I end up going to Washington, I’m gonna do a Biden, you know, back and forth on the train, because it’s so important for my kids to remain at the school where I went to school.” A while later he called back.
He said, “You know, I’m not a legislator. I’m an executive.” (Levin remains close to Shapiro and his family; last fall, she ran into Shapiro and his daughter Sophia, who led student outreach during his campaign, at an airport in San Antonio. “Look who I saw!” she said in an email, photos of hugs attached.)
In 2016, Shapiro was elected Pennsylvania attorney general. He led battles against Trump’s efforts to limit entry to the United States of people from a number of Muslim-majority countries, and to keep Trump acolytes from overturning his 2020 loss in the state. He also led a widely publicized investigation of child abuse in the Roman Catholic church.
Shapiro’s gubernatorial campaign launch last April was an ad in which he declared, “I make it home Friday nights for Sabbath dinner,” while the camera closed on challahs. (It also stars his four kids and his wife, Lori, whom he refers to as his “high school sweetheart.”)
Shapiro’s ultimate victory was especially sweet to many Jews because he defeated a Republican, Doug Mastriano, who had centered Shapiro’s Jewishness, but not in a positive way. Mastriano had allied with an outspoken antisemite, Andrew Torba, the founder of the far-right social media site, Gab, paying for promotion on Gab and accepting a donation from Torba. (Mastriano renounced antisemitism, but pointedly, not Torba.) Mastriano also mocked the Jewish school Shapiro attended and where he sends his four children.
It is a source of delight to Shapiro and his backers that his open Jewish identity did not alienate Pennsylvanians; indeed, he fared well in the conservative center of the state, a fact that his campaign boasted about in an email sent to the media a week after the election, when most campaigns are wrapping up business.
“Josh Shapiro won Beaver, Berks, Cumberland, and Luzerne counties — significantly outperforming Joe Biden’s margins in 2020 and flipping those counties blue,” the campaign said, attaching a chart showing the flips. “From the very beginning of his campaign, Josh vowed to go everywhere. That meant campaigning heavily where other Democrats don’t often win and investing in communities across the state.”
Jill Zipin, a longtime Shapiro backer who leads Democratic Jewish Outreach Pennsylvania, said Mastriano’s Christian nationalism did not play well in a state that was founded on religious freedoms. “Pennsylvania was founded on religious pluralism, it was founded by Quakers,” she said. “Anyone of any religious stripe was welcome.”
Mastriano’s team, toward the end of the campaign, appeared to notice the resonance Shapiro’s beliefs had among Pennsylvanians. His surrogates pivoted to claiming Shapiro was not a genuine Jew, with one consultant saying Shapiro’s defense of abortion rights made him inauthentic, and Mastriano’s wife claiming she and her husband loved Israel more than Jews did.
The moves may have backfired, said Schatz. Shapiro’s Jewish expression, she said, “was a way of actually relating to religious conservatives. They say that ‘maybe he doesn’t follow our religion, but because he does have a belief, he’s a religious person.’”
In a sign of his polish with Pennsylvanians, Shapiro’s margin of victory was substantially wider than that of John Fetterman, the Democrat elected to the state’s open Senate spot.
“While we won this race — and by the way, we won it pretty convincingly — I want you to know, the job is not done, the task is not complete,” Shapiro said during his victory speech, prompting 15 seconds of cheers and applause.
Shapiro has stayed largely out of the public eye since his election, instead focusing on putting together a transition team and preparing for his inauguration on Tuesday. He did not respond to JTA’s requests for an interview.
That transition team bears signs of Shapiro’s long and deep Jewish ties. Marcel Groen, a retired attorney on the economic development advisory committee, first met the new governor because he attended synagogue with Shapiro’s father. He became a mentor to the inchoate politician, who several years ago recruited Groen’s mother, a Holocaust survivor, to speak to incarcerated teens.
During the encounter, which Groen and Shapiro did not make public at the time, the teens went from standoffish to hugging 93-year-old Sipora Groen after hearing her story. (Sipora died in 2017.) It was, Groen said, typical of Shapiro’s approach to changing hearts and minds: “Josh realized that’s how you reach kids who got in trouble and who needed to understand life in a different manner,” he recalled.
Shapiro’s plans for his inauguration are laced with Jewish significance. In addition to the Tanakh from the Tree of Life synagogue, his swearing-in will reportedly take place on a Bible used by a Jewish soldier from Pennsylvania in World War II.
But asked by CNN’s Dana Bash after the election if he wanted to make history as America’s first Jewish president, Shapiro demurred.
“I have an ambition to get a little bit of sleep, to reintroduce myself to my kids, and then to serve the good people of Pennsylvania as their governor,” he said.
The post For Josh Shapiro, a run for governor borne of Jewish identity and political ambition appeared first on Jewish Telegraphic Agency.
Canada’s economic growth projected to be about 1% in the first half of 2024
Canada is a country with a thriving Jewish community and has traditionally offered the security of a strong economy for residents. The national economic outlook is naturally something that everyone in Canada’s Jewish community keeps track of – especially those involved in business in the various provinces.
With this in mind, the July 2023 Monetary Policy Report from the Bank of Canada made for interesting reading, projecting a moderate economic growth figure of around 1% for the first half of 2024. This is in line with growth figures that had been forecast for the second half of 2023, and sees the country’s economy remain on a stable footing.
Steady projected growth for first half of 2024
Although projected economic growth of around 1% in early 2024 is not as impressive as figures of around 3.4% in 2022 and 1.8% in 2023, it is certainly no cause for alarm. But what might be behind it?
Higher interest rates are one major factor to consider and have had a negative impact on household spending nationally. This has effectively seen people with less spending power and businesses in Canada generating less revenue as a result.
Interest rate rises have also hit business investments nationally, and less money is being channelled into this area to fuel Canada’s economic growth. When you also factor in how the weak foreign demand for Canadian goods and services has hit export growth lately, the projected GDP growth figure for early 2024 is understandable.
Growth in second half of 2024 expected
Although the above may make for interesting reading for early 2024, the Bank of Canada’s report does show that economic growth is expected to pick up in the second half of the year. This is projected to be due to the decreasing effect of high interest rates on the Canadian economy and a stronger foreign demand for the country’s exports.
Moving forward from this period, it is predicted that inflation will remain at around 3% as we head into 2025, and hit the Bank of Canada’s inflation target of 2% come the middle of 2025. All of this should help the country’s financial status remain stable and prove encouraging for business leaders in the Jewish community.
Canada’s economic growth mirrors iGaming’s rise
When you take a look at the previous growth figures Canada has seen and also consider the growth predicted for 2024 (especially in the second half of the year), it is clear that the country has a vibrant, thriving economy.
This economic growth is something that can be compared with iGaming’s recent rise as an industry around the country. In the same way as Canada has steadily built a strong economy over time, iGaming has transformed itself into a powerful, flourishing sector.
This becomes even clearer when you consider that Canadian iGaming has been a major contributor to the sustained growth seen in the country’s arts, entertainment and recreation industry, which rose by around 1.9% in Q2 of 2023. The healthy state of online casino play in Canada is also evidenced by how many customers the most popular casino platforms attract and how the user experience these operators offer has enabled iGaming in the country to take off.
This, of course, is also something that translates to the world stage, where global iGaming revenues in 2023 hit an estimated $95 billion. iGaming’s global market volume is also pegged to rise to around $130 billion by 2027. These kinds of figures represent a sharp jump for iGaming worldwide and show how the sector is on the ascent.
Future economic outlook for Canada in line with global expectations
When considering the Canadian economic outlook for 2024, it is often useful to look at how this compares with global financial predictions. In addition to the rude health of iGaming in Canada being reflected in global online casino gaming, the positive economic outlook for the country is also broadly in line with expectations for many global economies.
Global growth is also predicted to rise steadily in the second half of 2024 before becoming stronger in 2025. This should be driven by the weakening effects of high interest rates on worldwide economic prosperity. With rate cuts in Canada already expected after Feb 2024’s inflation report, this could happen in the near future.
The performance of the US economy is always of interest in Canada, as this is the country’s biggest trading partner. Positive US Q2 performances in 2023, powered by a strong labor market, good consumer spending levels and robust business investments, were therefore a cause for optimism. As a US economy that continues to grow is something that Canadian businesses welcome, this can only be a healthy sign.
Canada set for further growth in 2024
Local news around Canada can cover many topics but the economy is arguably one of the most popular. A projected GDP growth figure of around 1% for Canada’s economy shows that the financial state of the country is heading in the right direction. An improved financial outlook heading into the latter half of 2024/2025 would make for even better reading, and the national economy should become even stronger.
The Legal Landscape of Online Gambling in Canada
Online gambling has grown in popularity around the globe in recent years. While many jurisdictions have legalized land-based gambling, it hasn’t applied to online platforms. Nonetheless, Canada is one nation that has legalized online gambling with their provinces’ licensing and regulating sites.
Nonetheless, Canadians of legal age can enjoy playing their favourite online games where available. So many games like slots, blackjack, and roulette still maintain their popularity even in the digital sense. Want to learn about what’s legal in Canada for online gambling? Let’s take a look.
What is legal for online gambling in Canada?
What is the best online casino in Canada? The list we provide you here should be a good start. It’s also important to note that most Canadian provinces do not have laws that prohibit offshore online casinos.
Many provinces provide licensing to online casinos. They even regulate them as well. For example, Alberta and British Columbia have sites regulated by their respective governing bodies. The Atlantic Lottery Corporation (ALC) allows legal online gambling and oversees the services it offers to Maritime provinces such as New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Newfoundland and Labrador.
However, there are some caveats to address. In Newfoundland and Labrador, online gambling that is not offered by the ALC is considered illegal. Therefore, it is the only Canadian province as of 2024 that prohibits offshore options.
In terms of the legal age, there are three provinces where the legal age is 18: Alberta, Manitoba, and Quebec. The remaining provinces establish 19 as the legal age for gambling including online.
Who are the regulatory bodies for gambling in Canada?
At the Federal level, the Canadian Gaming Association is the regulatory body for gambling in Canada. Thus, they cover both land-based and online gambling in the country. There are also provincial and regional regulatory bodies such as the Atlantic Lottery Corporation (ALC) – which covers the provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Labrador.
The Western Canada Lottery Corporation covers Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Nunavut, Northwest Territories, and the Yukon Territory. A handful of provinces also have their regulatory bodies covering lottery and gaming.
Canada requires online casinos that wish to accept players from the country to adhere to regulations and licensing. These licenses are provided by provincial regulatory bodies. When licensed, online casinos must follow the regulations and security standards.
However, there is the belief that many of the laws about gambling in Canada may be outdated. This could be because these laws were created long before the advent of the Internet. Therefore, such laws may need to be modernized. Nonetheless, online gambling for the most part is legal, just dependent on the province.
Are there any legal grey areas to discuss?
The grey area that is considered a concern pertains to the use of offshore sites. As mentioned earlier, Newfoundland and Labrador is believed to be the only province that prohibits it. Even online casinos with no licensing by Canadian or provincial authorities accept residents of the country.
On the players’ end, many Canadians are allowed to play at online casinos. However, they may be restricted from certain platforms. This is to ensure that the players themselves are protected from unknowingly playing on platforms that may be illegal.
What are the other laws and regulations about online gambling in Canada?
Online casinos have implemented measures for responsible gambling. This includes providing support and resources to problem gamblers on their site. They are also restricted regarding the marketing and advertising aspects of promoting their platform.
One restriction of note is that marketing that is targeted at minors is prohibited. Another prohibits professional athletes from appearing in online casino ads in Ontario.
Even offshore casinos must adhere to these laws and regulations. Especially if they have obtained a license from the provincial bodies that allow them to operate.
Canada’s online gambling is legal – but will things change
As it stands right now, the legality of online gambling in Canada seems to fall under the purview of provincial laws and regulations. Canadian citizens must perform their due diligence further to see which online casinos are allowed by their respective provinces. Just because it may be legal in one province, it may not be the same in others.
Nonetheless, the question is: will any laws relax certain restrictions? Will Newfoundland and Labrador change their tune regarding offshore casinos? It’s unclear what the future holds – but watch this space for any changes about online gambling in Canada.
Dr. NATHAN WISEMAN
Wiseman, Nathan Elliot
1944 – 2023
Nathan, our beloved husband, Dad, and Zaida, died unexpectedly on December 13, 2023. Nathan was born on December 16, 1944, in Winnipeg, MB, the eldest of Sam and Cissie Wiseman’s three children.
He is survived by his loving wife Eva; children Sam (Natalie) and Marni (Shane); grandchildren Jacob, Jonah, Molly, Isabel, Nicole, and Poppy; brother David (Sherrill); sister Barbara (Ron); sister-in-law Agi (Sam) and many cousins, nieces, and nephews.
Nathan grew up in the north end of Winnipeg surrounded by his loving family. He received his MD from the University of Manitoba in 1968, subsequently completed his General Surgery residency at the University of Manitoba and went on to complete a fellowship in Paediatric Surgery at Boston Children’s Hospital of Harvard University. His surgeon teachers and mentors were world renowned experts in the specialty, and even included a Nobel prize winner.
His practice of Paediatric Surgery at Children’s Hospital of Winnipeg spanned almost half a century. He loved his profession and helping patients, even decades later often recounting details about the many kiddies on whom he had operated. Patients and their family members would commonly approach him on the street and say, “Remember me Dr. Wiseman?”. And he did! His true joy was caring for his patients with compassion, patience, unwavering commitment, and excellence. He was a gifted surgeon and leaves a profound legacy. He had no intention of ever fully retiring and operated until his very last day. He felt privileged to have the opportunity to mentor, support and work with colleagues, trainees, nurses, and others health care workers that enriched his day-to-day life and brought him much happiness and fulfillment. He was recognized with many awards and honors throughout his career including serving as Chief of Surgery of Children’s Hospital of Winnipeg, President of the Canadian Association of Pediatric Surgeons, and as a Governor of the American College of Surgeons. Most importantly of all he helped and saved the lives of thousands and thousands of Manitoba children. His impact on the generations of children he cared for, and their families, is truly immeasurable.
Nathan’s passion for golf was ignited during his childhood summers spent at the Winnipeg Beach Golf Course. Southwood Golf and Country Club has been his second home since 1980. His game was excellent and even in his last year he shot under his age twice! He played an honest “play as it lies” game. His golf buddies were true friends and provided him much happiness both on and off the course for over forty years. However, his passion for golf extended well beyond the eighteenth hole. He immersed himself in all aspects of the golf including collecting golf books, antiques, and memorabilia. He was a true scholar of the game, reading golf literature, writing golf poetry, and even rebuilding and repairing antique golf clubs. Unquestionably, his knowledge and passion for the game was limitless.
Nathan approached his many woodworking and workshop projects with zeal and creativity, and he always had many on the go. During the winter he was an avid curler, and in recent years he also enjoyed the study of Yiddish. Nathan never wasted any time and lived his life to the fullest.
Above all, Nathan was a loving husband, father, grandfather, son, father-in-law, son-in-law, uncle, brother, brother-in-law, cousin, and granduncle. He loved his family and lived for them, and this love was reciprocated. He met his wife Eva when he was a 20-year-old medical student, and she was 18 years old. They were happily married for 56 years. They loved each other deeply and limitlessly and were proud of each other’s accomplishments. He loved the life and the family they created together. Nathan was truly the family patriarch, an inspiration and a mentor to his children, grandchildren, nephews, nieces, and many others. He shared his passion for surgery and collecting with his son and was very proud to join his daughter’s medical practice (he loved Thursdays). His six grandchildren were his pride and joy and the centre of his world.
Throughout his life Nathan lived up to the credo “May his memory be a blessing.” His life was a blessing for the countless newborns, infants, toddlers, children, and teenagers who he cared for, for his colleagues, for his friends and especially for his family. We love him so much and there are no words to describe how much he will be missed.
A graveside funeral was held at the Shaarey Zedek cemetery on December 15, 2023. Pallbearers were his loving grandchildren. The family would like to extend their gratitude to Rabbi Yosef Benarroch of Adas Yeshurun Herzlia Congregation.
In lieu of flowers, donations can be made to the Children’s Hospital Foundation of Manitoba, in the name of Dr. Nathan Wiseman. | <urn:uuid:2c78732c-2901-4635-a6d6-4861a7e022ea> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://jewishpostandnews.ca/uncategorized/for-josh-shapiro-a-run-for-governor-borne-of-jewish-identity-and-political-ambition/ | 2024-04-12T15:36:50Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.976491 | 6,894 | 7,871 |
The youngest diamond ever discovered is believed to be around 4.25 billion years old. This was determined by scientists who used a form of radiometric dating called argon-argon dating. This technique measures the ratio of two different isotopes of argon, which are radioactive forms of the element.
The age of the diamond was determined by analyzing the ratio of argon-40 to argon-39 in the diamond. Argon-40 is a naturally occurring isotope that decays at a known rate, while argon-39 is a non-decaying isotope. By measuring the ratio of the two isotopes, the age of the diamond can be determined.
The particular diamond that was studied was found in the Kimberley region of South Africa. It was discovered in a kimberlite pipe, a pipe-like formation that contains diamonds and other minerals. These pipes are formed when molten rock from deep within the Earth’s mantle is forced up to the surface.
The diamond itself is estimated to be between .2 and .5 millimeters in size, making it much smaller than the average diamond found in jewelry. It is believed to be the oldest diamond ever discovered, and it is quite remarkable that it was able to survive for so long in such a hostile environment.
It is believed that the diamond was formed deep below the Earth’s surface, many miles below the surface of the Earth. It is believed that the diamond was formed when carbon was subjected to tremendous pressure and heat. This heat and pressure was likely caused by the movement of the Earth’s tectonic plates and the presence of magma.
The diamond is believed to have been formed over a period of millions of years, as the carbon was slowly subjected to the extreme pressure and heat. Eventually, the diamond was able to survive and make its way to the surface of the Earth, where it was discovered by scientists.
The discovery of the diamond has been quite remarkable, as it has provided scientists with valuable insight into the conditions that exist deep within the Earth’s mantle. It also provides an interesting glimpse into the history of the Earth and the formation of diamonds.
Are Diamonds older than dinosaurs?
The question of whether diamonds are older than dinosaurs has been a subject of debate for many years. While diamonds are among the oldest known materials in the world, they are not necessarily older than dinosaurs. To understand why, it is important to look into the origin of diamonds and the timeline of the existence of dinosaurs.
Diamonds are formed deep within the Earth’s surface, in the mantle, and are brought to the surface by volcanoes. Carbon enters the mantle from the atmosphere, and is subjected to temperatures of up to 2,200 degrees Celsius and pressure of up to 725,000 pounds per square inch. It is in this environment that diamond crystals form. Due to their immense hardness and resistance to corrosion, diamonds are the oldest known materials in the world, with some having been estimated to be as old as 3.3 billion years.
Dinosaurs, on the other hand, evolved on Earth much more recently. Dinosaurs first appeared on Earth during the Triassic Period, which began some 252 million years ago. The Triassic Period is also considered to be the first period of the Mesozoic Era, which is also known as the Age of Reptiles. The Mesozoic Era ended with the extinction of the dinosaurs some 66 million years ago.
Given the age of diamonds and the timeline of the existence of dinosaurs, it is clear that diamonds are, in fact, older than dinosaurs. While diamonds are among the oldest known materials in the world, the first dinosaurs only appeared on Earth much later, during the Mesozoic Era. Thus, it can be stated with certainty that diamonds are indeed older than dinosaurs.
How old is the first diamond?
The age of the first diamond is a subject of debate among archaeologists, historians, and geologists. Some experts believe that the first diamond was formed millions of years ago, while others believe it may have been formed more recently.
When it comes to the age of the first diamond, it is difficult to pinpoint an exact date. This is due to the fact that diamond crystals can be made up of carbon that has been around for millions of years, as well as newly formed carbon. Therefore, it is hard to determine the exact age of a diamond.
One way to determine the age of a diamond is to analyze its chemical composition. Since diamonds are composed of carbon, scientists can use isotopic dating techniques to determine the age of a diamond. Isotopic dating is a chemical analysis technique that measures the relative amounts of different forms of carbon, or isotopes, in a sample. By analyzing the ratio of different forms of carbon in a diamond, scientists can determine the approximate age of the diamond.
Another way to determine the age of a diamond is to look at its geological context. Geologists can study the geologic history of an area to determine the age of a diamond. By looking at the geological context, geologists can determine the age of a diamond by looking at the type of rock it is found in, as well as the age of the rock itself.
Finally, archaeologists can use historical records to determine the age of a diamond. By looking at old paintings, sculptures, and artifacts, archaeologists can determine when a diamond was likely first discovered. Additionally, historical records can tell us about the use of diamonds in different societies throughout history, which can help us determine the age of a diamond.
In conclusion, there is no definitive answer to the question of how old the first diamond is. While scientists and archaeologists can use various methods to determine the age of a diamond, there is no one definitive answer. As such, the age of the first diamond remains a mystery.
Can you tell the age of a diamond?
The question of whether it is possible to tell the age of a diamond is an intriguing one, and one that has been debated for centuries. In order to answer this question, it is important to first understand the structure of a diamond and the ways in which it can be aged.
Diamonds are one of the hardest substances known to man, formed from pure carbon that has been subjected to intense heat and pressure over long periods of time. As a result, the vast majority of diamonds are over 2 billion years old, with the oldest known diamond being over 3.2 billion years old. However, the age of a diamond can be difficult to accurately determine, as it is not always possible to determine the exact age of a particular diamond.
One of the ways in which the age of a diamond can be estimated is through studying its chemical composition. By analyzing the different elements contained within a diamond, such as nitrogen, boron, and silicon, it is possible to determine how long the diamond has been exposed to the Earth’s atmosphere. Furthermore, the presence of trace elements such as gold, silver, and copper can provide clues as to the diamond’s age.
Another method of determining the age of a diamond is to examine its physical characteristics. The size and shape of a diamond can provide clues as to its age, as can imperfections such as scratches and nicks. Additionally, the presence of inclusions, or foreign material trapped within the diamond, can also provide clues as to the diamond’s age.
Finally, the age of a diamond can be determined through the use of carbon dating. Carbon dating involves measuring the ratio of radioactive isotopes contained within a diamond, which can provide an estimate of when the diamond was formed. Carbon dating can be used to determine the age of diamonds over a period of thousands of years, and is considered to be the most accurate method of determining the age of a diamond.
In conclusion, it is possible to determine the age of a diamond through a variety of methods, including examining its chemical composition, physical characteristics, and through the use of carbon dating. While it may not be possible to determine the exact age of a diamond, these methods can provide useful clues that can help to estimate its age.
Do diamonds change with age?
When it comes to diamonds, many people have the misconception that these sparkling gems remain unchanged with age. This is not entirely true, as diamonds, like all things in nature, are subject to change over time.
It is important to remember that diamonds are made of carbon, and as such, are affected by natural forces. Age can cause diamonds to change in several ways.
The first way in which diamonds can change with age is through oxidation. Oxidation occurs when oxygen molecules interact with the diamond’s carbon atoms, causing the diamond to become discolored and dull. This effect is most pronounced with yellow diamonds, but can also affect white diamonds.
Another way in which diamonds can change with age is through abrasion. Abrasion is the process by which diamonds become scratched or chipped due to contact with other hard surfaces. While this is more common in antique diamonds, it can still happen to modern diamonds, especially if they are not properly cared for.
Finally, diamonds can also change with age due to their internal structure. Over time, the bonds between the diamond’s carbon atoms can become weak, causing the diamond to become more brittle and prone to cracking. This is especially true with older diamonds, as their age makes them more vulnerable to physical damage.
It is important to remember that while diamonds can change with age, these changes are typically minor and do not significantly affect the diamond’s overall beauty or value. With proper care, your diamond can still remain as stunning and valuable as the day it was first purchased.
In short, while diamonds can change with age, these changes are usually quite minor and can easily be managed with proper care. Diamonds remain a timeless symbol of beauty and value, and with the right care, they can last for generations.
What Rocks are diamonds found in?
- Kimberlite is a rock that may contain diamonds and is often formed from magma. …
- Kimberlite forms in vertical structures known as kimberlite pipes and igneous dykes in the Earth’s crust.
Can you turn coal into a diamond?
From a scientific perspective, the answer is yes: it is possible to turn coal into a diamond. But the process is not as simple as it may seem.
The process of turning coal into a diamond is called “chemical vapor deposition” (CVD). This process is essentially a form of chemical synthesis, whereby a diamond is created from a mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons and other elements. The process involves heating coal to very high temperatures and then subjecting it to a vacuum environment. This environment causes the coal molecules to break down into their component pieces and then recombine into diamond molecules.
The process of CVD is an incredibly complex process, and is only achievable in a lab setting. It requires specialized equipment, such as an atmospheric pressure chamber, diamond anvils, and a gas source. The process also requires precise control of temperatures and pressure, as even minor fluctuations can alter the structure of the diamond.
The CVD process requires a precise combination of gases, including methane, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide. These gases are heated and pressurized, causing the formation of a diamond film on the surface of the diamond anvils. This diamond film is then removed from the anvils and cut into diamonds of various shapes and sizes.
The process of CVD is the same process used to create synthetic diamonds, which are often used in the jewelry industry. The only difference is that the process is used to create diamonds from coal, rather than from a synthetic source.
The process of CVD is an expensive and time consuming process, and is not feasible for most people. The diamonds created using this process are also often of a lower quality than natural diamonds, and therefore not suitable for use in jewelry. However, CVD diamonds are still valuable and can be used in industrial applications such as cutting and drilling.
In conclusion, it is indeed possible to turn coal into a diamond, though the process is expensive, complex, and only achievable in a laboratory setting. The diamonds created through CVD are of a lower quality than natural diamonds and are therefore not suitable for use in jewelry. However, they can still be used in industrial applications.
What’s the rarest diamond in the world?
When it comes to diamonds, rarity is king. The rarest of the rare is a mesmerizing sight to behold and commands a hefty price tag. But which diamond is the rarest of them all?
The rarest diamond in the world is, without a doubt, the Golconda diamond. The Golconda diamond gets its name from the region in India where it was first discovered in the 16th Century. It was once owned by the Nizam of Hyderabad, the ruler of a former Indian princely state.
The Golconda diamond is classified as a Type II diamond, which means it has a low nitrogen content. It is also a colorless diamond, meaning it has no hue. It is estimated to weigh around 185 carats, making it one of the largest diamonds in the world. Its sheer size and impeccable clarity make it a rare and highly sought-after gem.
The Golconda diamond’s rarity is further enhanced by its remarkable history. It is believed to have been part of the crown jewels of the Mughal Empire, as well as the Nizam of Hyderabad. It is also said to have been owned by the likes of Louis XIV of France, and Napoleon Bonaparte.
The Golconda diamond was last seen in public at a Christie’s auction in Geneva, where it sold for a staggering $2.2 million USD. Today, it is believed to be in the possession of a private collector.
The rarity of the Golconda diamond is unparalleled. It is one of the few diamonds in the world that can be considered truly priceless. Its remarkable history, size and clarity make it a diamond unlike any other, and a reminder of the beauty and rarity of the world’s most precious gems.
Who made diamonds popular?
Diamonds have long been a symbol of love, wealth, and power, but it wasn’t until the 20th century that they truly became popular. Before that, diamonds were usually relegated to the upper class and the elite, as they were rare and expensive. But, in the early 1900s, diamonds suddenly became more accessible, thanks to a series of developments including the discovery of vast new diamond deposits in South Africa and the invention of the modern diamond cutting process.
The first diamond deposit to be discovered in South Africa was the Kimberley Mine, which was found in 1871 and began producing diamonds a few years later. The sheer volume of diamonds discovered in the Kimberley Mine stunned the world. The mine was so productive that it produced more diamonds than the entire world had previously seen in the entire history of diamond mining. This new influx of diamonds, combined with the development of modern diamond cutting methods, drove down the cost of diamonds and made them accessible to more people.
The invention of the modern diamond cutting process in the early 1900s was also a major factor in making diamonds popular. Before this, diamonds were cut by hand and were often of poor quality. The modern diamond cutting process allowed for the production of diamonds with more precise and uniform shapes and sizes, which made them much more attractive to buyers.
The advertising of diamonds also played a role in making them popular. In 1938, the De Beers advertising agency launched a famous campaign that featured the slogan “A Diamond is Forever”. This campaign was heavily promoted through television, radio, and print ads and helped to create a new level of demand for diamonds.
The combination of the new diamond deposits, modern diamond cutting methods, and the successful advertising campaign meant that diamonds were suddenly more widely available and more accessible than ever before. This, combined with the romantic symbolism associated with diamonds, led to them becoming a popular choice for engagements, anniversaries, and other special occasions.
Today, diamonds are an essential part of the jewelry industry. They are still seen as a symbol of wealth and power, but they are now also seen as a symbol of love and commitment. Diamonds are now available in a variety of shapes, sizes, and colors, and are widely used in all kinds of jewelry.
Where do real diamonds come from?
Real diamonds are one of the most sought after and treasured gems in the world. They are used to make exquisite jewelry, celebrated as symbols of love and commitment, and are highly valued for their rarity and beauty. But where do these precious stones actually come from?
The most common source of real diamonds is kimberlite, an igneous rock found in vertical volcanic pipes that were formed millions of years ago. The pipes are typically located in ancient, eroded mountain ranges and are filled with a mixture of igneous rocks, minerals, gases, and sometimes diamonds. The pipes are usually found in depths of up to 200 meters below the surface, and the diamonds that are present can range from microscopic grains to stones in excess of 100 carats.
In addition to kimberlite, diamonds can also be found in alluvial deposits, which are accumulations of eroded rocks, gravel, and sand that are found in riverbeds, along coastlines, and even in deserts. These deposits are usually caused by the erosion of kimberlite pipes, which results in the diamonds being carried away from their original source and deposited elsewhere.
Finally, diamonds can also be found in marine deposits, which are accumulations of diamonds that have been carried away from kimberlite pipes by the movement of the ocean. Marine deposits are typically found off the coast of Africa and South America, where the ocean currents are particularly strong.
No matter their source, real diamonds are incredibly rare and valuable. The majority of diamonds are mined from kimberlite pipes, and the stones that are found in alluvial and marine deposits are typically more weathered and of lower quality. However, when a diamond is found in any of these environments, it is an incredible sight to behold and an amazing reminder of the power of nature.
Are old diamonds more valuable?
When it comes to diamonds, there is no denying that they are a symbol of wealth and beauty. However, it is important to understand that not all diamonds are created equal, and there are certain diamonds that are considered more valuable than others. When it comes to the age of diamonds, there is a common belief that older diamonds are more valuable than newer diamonds. But is this really the case?
To properly answer this question, it is important to first understand the various factors that can influence the value of a diamond. The value of a diamond is based on the four Cs of diamond grading: cut, clarity, color, and carat weight. The cut of a diamond is determined by the number of facets it has and the way in which it is cut, and can have a big impact on the value of a diamond. Clarity is a measure of how many internal flaws and blemishes a diamond has, and can also have an effect on the value. Color is a measure of how much color is present in a diamond, and carat weight is a measure of how much the diamond weighs.
The age of a diamond can also have an impact on its value. Generally speaking, older diamonds are often more desirable to collectors and investors because they are more rare and unique. However, the age of a diamond alone does not necessarily guarantee that it will be more valuable than a newer diamond. The age of a diamond should be taken into consideration in combination with the other factors that determine a diamond’s value.
When it comes to old diamonds, it is important to note that some of them can be worth much more than newer diamonds. This is due to the fact that certain old diamonds can be quite rare and unique, and therefore more valuable than newer diamonds. For example, some of the oldest diamonds in the world, such as the Hope Diamond, are worth millions of dollars. On the other hand, some older diamonds may not be worth much more than their newer counterparts.
Therefore, the answer to the question of whether old diamonds are more valuable than new diamonds is not a simple yes or no. Rather, the value of a diamond is determined by a variety of factors, including its cut, clarity, color, carat weight, and age.
How can you tell if a vintage diamond is real?
Vintage diamonds are a timeless and classic addition to any jewelry collection, but how can you ensure that the diamond you are buying is real? With the advent of sophisticated technology, it is now easier than ever to spot a fake diamond, but it is still important to understand the basics of diamond testing.
The first thing to look for when trying to determine if a vintage diamond is real is the inclusions. Inclusions are the tiny imperfections that are naturally occurring in all diamonds, and they can tell you a lot about the diamond’s authenticity. Inclusions can range in size and shape, and they can be seen under a microscope. When looking at a diamond, it is important to note the shape, size, and color of the inclusions, as these can be indicators of the diamond’s authenticity.
The next test that can be used to determine if a vintage diamond is real is the refraction test. This method of diamond testing involves shining a light through the diamond, and observing the number of times the light is refracted. A real diamond will refract the light more than a fake diamond, and the pattern of refraction will be different for each and every diamond.
The third test that can be used to determine if a diamond is real is the fog test. This test is done by blowing a short burst of breath on the diamond. If the diamond is real, the fog should disperse almost immediately. If the diamond is fake, the fog will take longer to disperse.
Finally, the ultraviolet test is often used to determine if a diamond is real. A real diamond will fluoresce when exposed to ultraviolet light, while a fake diamond will not. The color of the fluorescence can also indicate the quality and type of diamond.
In conclusion, there are several tests that can be used to determine if a vintage diamond is real. By closely examining the inclusions, refraction patterns, fog dispersal, and fluorescence, you can determine the authenticity of a vintage diamond. While these tests can be useful in determining a diamond’s authenticity, it is always best to consult a professional gemologist before making a purchase.
How old is Diamond White?
Diamond White is a young and immensely talented entertainer. She is an American singer, dancer, and actress who has already achieved remarkable success in a relatively short period of time. Born on August 6th, 2000, in St. Louis, Missouri, White is just 19 years old.
White started her career with her first big break in 2011, when she auditioned for the third season of The X Factor USA. She wowed the judges with her soulful singing and eventually made it to the finals as part of the five-member girl group, Lyric 145. White’s performance on the show helped her establish a strong fan base and gain recognition for her talent.
In 2012, White made her acting debut in a guest role on the Disney Channel show Shake It Up. She then moved on to voice acting, lending her voice to various characters in animated series, such as in The Lion Guard and Disney’s Elena of Avalor.
In 2016, White released her debut single, “Diamonds,” which earned her a great deal of attention and recognition. The song was well-received by fans, and it even made it to the Billboard Hot 100. She followed up the success of “Diamonds” with the release of her debut EP, Unbreakable, which was released in 2017.
White has also made a name for herself as a dancer. She has been featured in music videos for artists such as Fifth Harmony and Lil Uzi Vert. She has also been featured in numerous live performances, including multiple appearances on The Ellen DeGeneres Show and The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon.
At just 19 years old, White is an accomplished entertainer who has already achieved a great deal of success in her young career. With her prodigious talent and hard work, there is no doubt that she will continue to go far in the entertainment industry.
Why is diamond resale value so low?
When it comes to the resale value of diamonds, many people may be surprised to learn that it is not nearly as high as one might think. This is because diamonds are highly illiquid assets, which means that the value of a diamond is not easily determined and is not as easy to liquidate as other assets. As such, the resale value of a diamond is generally much lower than its original purchase price.
One of the primary factors that affects the resale value of a diamond is its quality. A diamond’s quality is determined by its clarity, color, cut, and carat weight, and the resale value of a diamond is directly related to its quality. The better the quality of a diamond, the higher the resale value. However, diamonds that have been treated or modified in any way may have a lower resale value because they are not considered to be of the same quality as a non-treated diamond.
Another factor that affects the resale value of diamonds is their availability. Because diamonds are not a common commodity, they are not always readily available on the market. This can make it difficult to find a buyer for one’s diamond, and as a result, the resale value of a diamond is often lower than its original purchase price. Additionally, the rarity of certain diamonds can also affect their resale value, as rare diamonds are often more valuable than more common diamonds.
Finally, the market for diamonds can also affect the resale value of diamonds. If there is a glut in the market, the resale value of diamonds will decrease as the supply of diamonds exceeds the demand. Additionally, if there is a high demand for diamonds and a low supply, the prices of diamonds will increase, which will result in a higher resale value for diamonds.
In conclusion, the resale value of diamonds is generally much lower than their original purchase price due to factors such as their quality, availability, and the market for diamonds. It is important to be aware of these factors when considering the resale value of a diamond before making a purchase.
How much is a 1 carat diamond?
Answering the question ‘How much is a 1 carat diamond?’ is not as straightforward as it might seem. The price of a 1 carat diamond is determined by a variety of factors, including its cut, color, clarity, and carat weight. The cost of a 1 carat diamond can range from just over $1,000 to more than $16,000 and varies significantly based on the diamond’s quality.
When considering the cost of a 1 carat diamond, the most important factor is usually the cut. The cut of the diamond is what gives it its sparkle and brilliance. There are many different diamond cuts, ranging from round brilliant to cushion cut to princess cut. Some of the more popular cuts, such as round brilliant and princess cut, tend to have higher prices than lesser known cuts, such as heart or marquise cut. The better the cut, the more expensive the diamond is likely to be.
The color of a 1 carat diamond also affects its price. The color scale ranges from D (the highest quality and most expensive color) to Z (the lowest quality and least expensive color). While colorless diamonds are the most desirable, diamonds with a slightly yellowish tint can look just as beautiful and typically cost less.
The clarity of a 1 carat diamond can also have an impact on its price. Clarity is determined by the presence of inclusions, or imperfections, within the diamond. The scale ranges from FL (flawless) to I3 (included). Flawless diamonds are the most expensive, while included diamonds are the least expensive.
Finally, the carat weight of the diamond will also affect its price. Generally speaking, the heavier the diamond, the more expensive it will be. However, the price per carat typically decreases as the diamond gets larger. For a 1 carat diamond, the price per carat is usually higher than for a larger diamond.
The cost of a 1 carat diamond can vary significantly depending on its cut, color, clarity, and carat weight. The best way to determine the cost of a 1 carat diamond is to compare prices from various reputable jewelers and compare the quality of the diamonds. By doing so, you can find the best possible diamond at the best possible price.
Is a diamond a good investment?
Diamonds are often seen as a symbol of luxury, romance and success, but they can also be a very good investment. While many people are skeptical of investing in diamonds, they can be a wise choice, especially when you consider their long-term potential.
One of the most attractive aspects of diamonds as an investment is their price stability. Unlike stocks and bonds, diamonds are not subject to market fluctuations. As long as a diamond is of high quality and well-cut, its value will remain consistent over a long period of time. This means that when you purchase a diamond, you can be assured that its value will not be affected by the ups and downs of the stock market.
Another great advantage of diamonds as an investment is their ability to increase in value over time. While the price of diamonds may fluctuate in the short term, the long-term trend is usually upwards. This is due to the fact that diamonds are a limited resource, and as demand increases and supply remains steady, the price of diamonds tends to increase.
In addition to their price stability and potential for appreciation, diamonds are also a very liquid asset. Unlike stocks and bonds, diamonds can be sold quickly and easily. This makes them an ideal option for those looking to invest in something that they can access quickly and easily.
Finally, diamonds are a very safe and secure investment. They are not subject to theft or fraud, and are easy to store and transport. This makes them a great choice for those looking to invest their money in something that is secure and will not be exposed to risk.
Overall, diamonds can be a very good investment. They are a long-term asset with a history of price stability, potential for appreciation and a high degree of liquidity. They are also a secure and safe option for those looking to invest. While there are no guarantees when it comes to investing, diamonds can provide a great opportunity for those looking to diversify their portfolio and take advantage of the potential for growth. | <urn:uuid:31ee8755-ffed-40ca-a3e6-7d27489916f4> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://largestandbiggest.com/lifestyle/how-old-is-the-youngest-diamond/ | 2024-04-12T13:53:50Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.96954 | 6,390 | 7,286 |
How the Border Wall Could Harm Wildlife
Air Date: Week of September 13, 2019
The border wall between the US and Mexico follows the hills and valleys of the rugged arid landscape (Photo: Bobby Bascomb)
Amid outcries about its immigration policy, the US government is moving forward with an expansion of the border wall with Mexico. Biologists are raising the alarm that the wall can be a dead-end for migrating animals, including some bird species. Host Bobby Bascomb reports from the border on how construction of the wall can disturb nesting birds and damage sensitive habitat.
BASCOMB: The US border with Mexico spans more than 1900 miles from the Pacific Ocean off the coast of California to the Gulf of Mexico in coastal Texas. Over a third of the border, nearly 700 miles, currently has some sort of barrier or wall and amid the controversy over immigration the Trump administration has pledged to fill in the rest. I went to the border region to see what that might mean for wildlife in the area.
BASCOMB: I’m standing on a hill at the base of the Patagonia Mountains, about 60 miles south of Tucson, Arizona. Thorny cactus with pink and yellow flowers dot the arid landscape. From this elevation it’s easy to see how the border wall perfectly mirrors the topography of the land, rising and falling with these hills and valleys. Except for a small break at a river, the wall extends as far as the eye can see to the West, some 40 miles to Nogales. But to the east it’s a different story.
SERRAGLIO: Up here on the hill we can look East here and see the point at which the border wall ends out there, it doesn't actually go up and over this really rugged terrain that crosses the border right here.
BASCOMB: Randy Serraglio is the Southwest Conservation Advocate with the Center for Biological Diversity. He’s tall and thin with gray hair pulled back under a cowboy hat and binoculars, at the ready, hanging from a strap around his neck. He says this break in the border wall is a lifeline for migrating animals, including jaguar.
SERRAGLIO: This is one of the handful of really prime Jaguar movement corridors, places where jaguars can move back and forth across the border.
BASCOMB: Historically jaguars ranged from Brazil's Amazon rainforest through Central America and as far north as the Grand Canyon. Starting in the 1960s hunting claimed some 18,000 per year in the US and today only a handful of juvenile males are known to live north of the border including el Jefe or the boss, so named by local school kids. Randy points across the wall to the Mexico side of the border.
SERRAGLIO: He was born there and emancipated and came up here as a relatively young and vulnerable male Jaguar at the age of maybe two or three.
BASCOMB: Using camera traps, biologist were able to keep tabs on El Jefe for several years as he grew into a healthy adult while living in the nearby Santa Rita mountains. Then he abruptly disappeared.
SERRAGLIO: And biologists believe the most likely explanation, he came right back through here and went right back to wherever the females are, and then when he got to his breeding prime around the age of seven, he went back to wherever those females are. And that is critically important for jaguars, they have to be able to do that in order to survive, they have to be able to roam long distances and find territories of their own, and yet still remain connected to that core population. And that's why a place like this is absolutely essential for Jaguar recovery.
BASCOMB: The borderlands in general are home to a huge variety of animals including pronghorn, javelinas, ocelot, mountain lions, bobcats, Mexican Gray Wolf, black bears, and bison to name a few. Dozens of endangered and threatened animal species use these rugged, barrier free, mountains as a highway for migrating between the US and Mexico.
SERRAGLIO: There's a herd of bison in the boot heel of New Mexico. And their favorite foraging grounds is on one side of the border and their favorite watering holes on the other. So they often cross back and forth on a daily basis. But if there's a border wall built there, they won't be able to do that anymore. At a certain point, you fragment the landscape enough and you fragment habitat enough and you isolate populations, and they start winking out. That's how species go extinct. I mean, we just know that for a fact.
[SFX DOOR CLOSING CAR DRIVING SOUND]
BASCOMB: Randy and I pile into his pickup truck and drive a few miles down a dirt road to another type wildlife corridor. A lush green band of walnuts, willows, and cottonwood trees hint at the water that lies just below the surface.
SERRAGLIO: These are trees that rely on water, they have to have shallow groundwater in order to survive. So they only grow in these narrow stretches right along the river.
[GETTING OUT OF THE CAR SOUNDS]
BASCOMB: In the monsoon season this river bed would be full of rain water. But it’s the dry season so we stand in the middle of the dusty riverbed to have a look around. Randy lifts his binoculars and points out a small brown and yellow bird.
SERRAGLIO: Oh, there’s a cute little fly catcher. Oh, yeah. They have a crest in their head. And so they'll perch out in the open like that. And then they'll fly out and catch bugs on the wing and then go back to the same perch again.
BASCOMB: Hence the name flycatcher.
SERRAGLIO: Yeah, they're very acrobatic, they're fun to watch.
BASCOMB: What are those two there?
SERRAGLIO: Those two were kestrels, and one of them had a lizard in its mouth. And the other one was chasing it. There, they just landed up in the tree.
BASCOMB: Oh, like the other one is trying to get its dinner.
SERRAGLIO: Yeah, that's why they were kind of whining. Like, give me that. It could be that that the one was a young fledgling flying around after mom or dad saying feed me feed me. And they're at the point where like, now you gotta start feeding yourself. Get a job.
BASCOMB: Tough Love. Yeah.
SERRAGLIO: That's the high plaintive call of a gray Hawk, which is a beautiful Hawk that lives in these riparian areas and nowhere else. So it's probably in that big giant cottonwood tree over there. Might even might even have a nest, which would kind of be a disaster.
BASCOMB: A disaster because this riparian habitat teeming with life is also a construction zone. It’s Sunday, so the bulldozers and cranes are sitting idle but Border Patrol is hard at work 6 days a week building a box culvert, a kind of small bridge, across this river. And Randy says all the noise, lights, and cleared land is devastating for wildlife.
SERRAGLIO: See that bank of high intensity lights over there. Yeah, with the shiny covers and everything. I mean, that is completely disorienting for bats and migratory birds and insects at night. You've got these big dump trucks and cranes, and, you know, concrete mixers, and all this other stuff going on here. And they've completely bladed all the vegetation. It's just this big, dusty, you know, wasteland, now it's like acres of just dust now, whereas before, it was this lush vegetation.
BASCOMB: Indeed, nearly all the birds we’ve seen are on the Mexican side of the border which is lush and green with huge trees and a blanket of grass at the bottom of the riverbed. The US side is a dirt road, a pile of gravel, and heavy equipment.
BASCOMB: We can easily see into Mexico from here because instead of 18 foot tall steel slats, which is much of the wall, the border here is simply a car barrier, waist high pieces of metal sticking out at 45 degree angles from the ground.
SERRAGLIO: When we have our summer monsoon, we have these big thunderstorms and the floods would knock this border wall down if they built it right through there. So instead, what we have here, vehicle barriers that are actually in the floodplain, in the riverbed, and they're this old school, Normandy style, cross hatch, you know, steal things, and they stopped cars from driving through, but you know, people could climb right over.
BASCOMB: And so can wildlife. It’s relatively short with large gaps, which allow water to flow through as well as migrating animals.
SERRAGLIO: So vehicle barriers are much more wildlife friendly. And there's still a road that gets bladed, you know, when they have vehicle barriers, but they're not the kind of, you know, absolute obstruction that the border wall creates.
BASCOMB: Customs and Border Protection recently received 2.5 billion dollars for barrier replacements, which includes repairing damaged walls but it also means “improving” the wall from these vehicle barriers, permeable for wildlife, to the full border wall, steel slats up to 30 feet high and a complete dead end for animals.
SERRAGLIO: They call it replacement barriers, and they're trying to pretend it's not a big deal. But it's a huge difference in the disruption that's caused between, you know, a border wall and a vehicle barrier in terms of wildlife.
BASCOMB: And it’s not just large mammals that can’t get around the wall. Even some birds, including the cactus pygmy owl, will have a hard time getting over a higher wall.
SERRAGLIO: The border wall would be a blockage for this animal because they rarely perch any higher than about 10 feet off the ground. And in some places, this bollard construction is going to be 30 feet tall. And so it will block migration of the cactus pygmy owl. And again, this is a species that exists on both sides of the wall, we have a small population remaining in the US, and there's also a small population in Sonora, and for those populations to be split, just makes it more likely that either or both of those populations will wink out. I mean, again, that's how species go extinct. You know, they become fragmented and smaller and smaller to the point where they're no longer viable.
BASCOMB: So the wall will be impassable for some wildlife but Randy says, not necessarily so for the people it’s supposed to stop.
SERRAGLIO: There was a school group down here looking at the border a few years ago, and these two high school girls, they're like 16, 17 years old, they climb to the top of the border wall, free climbing in about 17 seconds. I mean, you know, it's not gonna really slow people down very much.
BASCOMB: The top of the wall was recently strung with spools of sharp razor wire, on the US side.
SERRAGLIO: They could put it on the other side, because actually, there's another 10 feet there of US property. It's on this side so people can see it. It's for show, this is for people to see to make it look like the military is doing something and be afraid. And it's this Mexican invasion, and oh, my God, we all have to be so scared and spend billions of dollars on this ridiculous monstrosity, you know?
BASCOMB: So if you are somebody trying to get over this wall it would make a heck of a lot more sense to put the razor wire on the wall on the side that you're scaling, not the side that you're jumping off from. Because I mean, if you really wanted to, you could, you could jump out over this and land right here.
SERRAGLIO: Yeah, you could you probably a little banged up. But you could do that easily, relatively easily. You might sprain your ankle, and a lot of people do. But you know, it's a it's just the whole thing is just for show.
BASCOMB: That sentiment is echoed by Congressman Raul Grijalva, who represents Arizona’s 3rd District, including a 300 mile long stretch along the US Mexico border.
GRIJALVA: The effect is going to be minimal, in terms of unauthorized people coming or going. The wall is not the deterrent that Trump wants it to be.
BASCOMB: Mr. Grijalva is chair of the House Natural Resources Committee. Nearly 60 percent of his state is public land and because of that, Mr. Grijalva says Arizona has been targeted for more border wall construction.
GRIJALVA: I think he put Arizona's public lands at crosshairs. And the reason the public lands are so susceptible, is because they're public. They don't get hung up like they are in Texas or the issue of eminent domain and takings.
BASCOMB: Mr. Grijalva says those large tracks of public lands are often critical habitat for wildlife and a source of revenue for Arizona. And a border wall puts both in jeopardy.
GRIJALVA: It's going to rip through two wildlife refuges, wilderness areas, a very fragile desert river and two units of the National Park Service Organ Pipe, and the Coronado National Memorial, both those brought in about 260,000 people and about 30 million to these local economies in terms of revenue and tax, and spending in the area. So one has to wonder what is the purpose? It's been part of a campaign strategy that everybody in the Borderlands is going to have to pay for, and suspending and waving laws is a dangerous precedent for the rest of the country.
BASCOMB: The Trump administration invoked the REAL ID act of 2005 to suspend dozens of environmental laws in the borderlands including the Endangered Species Act, the National Environmental Policy Act and the Clean Water Act. Under normal circumstances, those laws could be grounds to sue the government and suspend construction projects. But the dozens of laws routinely cited to protect the environment and wildlife do not apply in the borderlands.
GRIJALVA: And that's what I think bothers us the most than anything else, the rationale for it doesn't fit the price tag cannot justify the kinds of violation, suspending of laws and more importantly, the long term harm that it does to the environment.
BASCOMB: Paul Enriquez is the acquisition, real estate, and environmental director in the border wall program management office for the US Border Patrol. He says it’s necessary to waive those environmental laws so the Border Patrol can meet their deadlines for wall construction.
ENRIQUEZ: Getting the barrier up and making sure that the Border Patrol has resources, the tools they need to secure the border is what's the priority and why the expeditious construction is needed.
BASCOMB: But Paul says they still do what they can to work within the existing environmental laws even though they are not required to do so.
ENRIQUEZ: The goal is not to just disregard the environmental laws that are waived, the goal is to ensure where we're following the intent as closely as possible of those laws, working with the resource agencies that generally have the responsibility for executing those laws, like Fish and Wildlife Service.
BASCOMB: Back at the border Randy Seraglio stops his truck at a scenic vista near the Coronado National Monument and looks across the rugged hills towards Mexico.
SERRAGLIO: Now you're looking at the world the way a Jaguar sees it. He stands up here and he sees that mountain range over there. And he says, Yeah, I could get there tonight. And see that one over there farther away. I could be there by tomorrow night.
BASCOMB: But, of course, only if there’s not a wall blocking the way. The Customs and Border Patrol recently received 1.375 billion dollars for new wall construction in the Borderlands, including right here in the Coronado National Memorial.
[MUSIC: Glen Velez, “Pan Eros” on Pan Eros, CMP Records]
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Due: September 17
Packer, R. & Cates J. (2014) “Glitch Expectations: Interview with Jon Cates,” Hyperallergic
Micro-Project V: Virtual Soundscape
Using only Soundcloud and a smart phone, narrate an approximately two-minute walk: no editing, cuts, or montage, a real-time recording. See Project Assignments for more information.
Research Post IV: Glitch Aesthetics
You will be assigned an artwork to research for a short written hyperessay about the work, the artist, and how it relates specifically to the topic of next week. Incorporate the reading (see above) for next week into your research, discussing how it relates contextually to the work. Post your hyperessay of approximately 400 words on your blog using relevant hyperlinks, images, video, etc, and remember to add a featured image and to use the “Research” category. You will be expected to share your research post in next week’s class discussion.
Next week’s Research Assignments (see lecture notes in Glitch Aesthetics syllabus page for additional information):
Adobe Connect Setup
- be sure connect add-in has launched
- go through audio setup wizard
- turn on microphone
- check microphone level (not too high), maybe 3/4
- turn on camera (share camera)
- check connection status
- test link “browse to”
- raising your virtual hand and other emoticons
- Use categories carefully, no uncategorized.
- Some themes seem very narrow, not responsive, what to do?
- Incorporate reading into research posts
Panel Discussion / Connecting People in the Post-Internet World: How are technologies and networks changing social behaviour?
Saturday, 13th September
7.30pm – 8.30pm
(Live + Web-conference, USA and SG)
This dialogue session is a program of ‘WHO’S LOOKING: SURF & TURF’, an inquiry into engagements with art in the age of the internet. As our attention ecology manoeuvres between the online and offline, the agency and spectatorship of art in real life (IRL) extends beyond the physical and durational, through their parallel lives on the web (URL). Artists in this exhibition undertake these modes of encounters, producing works that are framed for/by diverse online platforms.
Randall Packer (Artist, Educator and Founder of Open Source Studio, OSS) via Adobe Connect.
Bernard Leong (Vice-President, Digital Services, Singapore Post Ltd)
Gilles Massot (Artist and Educator, Lasalle School of the Arts)
Huifen Zheng (Corporate Technology Lawyer)
Followed by Creative Mixer Afterparty 8.30pm – late
Complimentary cocktails by Reyka Vodka.
Sweet and savory bites by #tweedlebakes.
I am inviting everyone to join us for the web conference via Adobe Connect in our Virtual Classroom:
or you can go down to Gillman Barracks and see the show and the panel in the first space:
Block #38, Post-PopUp at the Centre for Contemporary Art
38 Malan Road, Singapore 109441
The exhibition is open 2 – 7 pm until Sunday, 14th September
Critique of the Data Visualization Micro-project
First, we will make sure everyone was able to complete their project according to the project assignment, to see if there are any questions or issues. We will also see if all the micro-projects can be embedded into the WordPress posts using the Codepen shortcode.
We will then discuss the results of the data visualization project using Facebook data as a means of understanding the dynamics of our virtual social relationships. What does the data tell us about ourselves, our friends, our connections with others? How do we integrate the aesthetics of our visualizations with the interpretation of their meaning? These are some of the questions we will ask as we review the works.
Collaborative Data Visualization Work for Final Project
Since we have until October 8 to hand in the first installment of the Project Hyperessay, a conceptual introduction to the Final Project, we thought it would be worthwhile to take some time in the remaining weeks to consider the viability and interest in a collaborative group final project. Based on the success of Juan’s data visualization exercise, I feel that the class is up to the task of taking on my more ambitious work that would be created collectively. If anyone feels strongly about creating an individual work, that is fine, because a collaborative work doesn’t need to involve the whole class, perhaps a smaller group. But I feel strongly that a group project would best fulfill the promise of OSS, in which we are learning Web-based tools for collaboration, and we are already working very closely with a sophisticated database for our research and assignments. So we will take some time to discuss the idea of what Roy Ascott calls a “gesamtdatenwerk” (total data work) and explore some possible outcomes of for a group data visualization project with multimedia dimensions. Here are a few ideas that we can brainstorm off of in the coming weeks:
- the final project could explore the idea of a collective Website, in which each student will create their own component, contribute such elements as code, images, sound, text, etc.
- the project would explore the Web as a spatial dimension, the visualization of data in a three-dimensional space, perhaps generated by the viewer, or data provided by the OSS network of users
- created as a projected installation in the ADM lobby for one or two days during the last week of the semester
- a space for user engagement, a space for exploring social relations, for visualizing / auralizing the OSS network, in which users would contribute data via mobile devices such as images, texts, sounds via Twitter, Instagram, Soundcloud, Facebook, etc., or grabbing information from the OSS network and placing images and other media into a three-dimensional configuration
- the work would be archived on the OSS class site with written contextualization / texts by collaborating students in our class
Concept of the third space
“The floating work of art is no longer the expression of a single individual. Neither is it the expression of a collective, but it is the stage of a “connective” – a web of influences that are continually reorganized by all participants.” – Soke Dinkla
The third space fundamentally represents the fusion of the physical (first space) and the virtual (second space) into a space that can be inhabited by remote users simultaneously or asynchronously. The hybrid notion of blurring the real and the virtual is expanded in the third space through distributed presence, in which the participants of the third space are in remote physical spaces. Essentially, we are referring to a shared electronic space, in which interaction takes place in space between the real and the virtual. As you can see, the third space extends the notion of the real and the virtual by creating a new kind of hybrid space that allows remote participants to interact both with the work, and with each other.
The third space is not a new concept: speaking on a telephone is a third space experience, or perhaps “phone space,” in which participants are joined together electronically from remote locations for purposes of communication. Watching a movie is not a third space experience, because all of the viewers are watching from the same physical space. However, Adobe Connect is a third space environment, as we use the shared space of the interface to interact, view one another, chat, and give presentations: all while remotely distributed. The third space does not need to be live, it can be realized and experienced asynchronously, such as a Web-based discussion forum or even email and texting, however, the experienced of exchange and participation is heightened when the interaction is live and in real-time.
For our study of the third space, we begin by holding our class in the third space in order to engage in what I like to refer to as a “visceral experience of the virtual.” Perhaps the best way to understand the concept of the third space is to learn, work, and create in this distributed space. Although we are all remotely “jacked” into the network (to coin a term from cyberpunk writer William Gibson), we can inhabit this space together: talk, exchange ideas, smile, laugh, and conduct a class that is nearly the same as one held in the physical space. While we are not physically present, we are in fact *together* in the third space. As the world becomes increasingly networked and digital, this is the reality of the future, and the future is here.
“Performance companies may use this virtual hole in reality not to differentiate the two realities but to combine them. Using the doubling of space synergistically to demarcate a new unified “mixed reality” space.” – Slavoj Zizeki, “Holes in Reality”
Reading: Rabinowitz, S., Galloway, K. (1992). “Welcome to ‘Electronic Café Interntional” in Packer, R., & Jordan, K. (Eds.). pg 345-351, Multimedia : from Wagner to Virtual Reality ([Expanded ed.). New York: Norton.
“If there is one word that defines Electronic Cafe, it is integration, Integration of technology into our social fabric; integration of distinct cultures and communities, the arts, and the general public; and integration of art forms.”
“We create a culture that defines how the technology can be used and encourages cross-cultural collaborations, problem-solving, and decision-making.”
“A virtual space creates social situations without traditional rules of etiquette.”
Despite the speed of transmission of images in the original period of the Electronic Cafe, the idea was seminal: to connect people, cultures, ideas, and art across geographical distances, collapsing space, and catalyzing opportunities for collaboration and collective forms.
The following are artworks spanning over 30 years that embody the idea of the third space. Our discussion will be led by the following students/works:
(1) Shar and MJ: Hole in Space by Kit Galloway and Sherrie Rabinowitz
(2) John and Ruzana: Telematic Dreaming by Paul Sermon
(3) Jun and Diana: The Kiss by Annie Abrahams
Hole in Space, Sherrie Rabinowtiz & Kit Galloway (1980)
Kit Galloway and Sherrie Rabinowitz, founders of the Electronic Café in Santa Monica, California, were among the first artists to begin exploring communications art through satellite technologies. Their seminal work, Hole in Space from 1980, represented one of the earliest examples of live, networked media art. They setup two large projection screens: one at Lincoln Center in New York, the other at Century City in Los Angeles to connect two audiences. Conceived as a participatory event (much like the early Happenings), this unannounced project, setup for three consecutive days, enabled two groups of viewer to see the other live and in real-time across the space of the US, which literally collapsed the experience of the real and the virtual, the local and the remote.
From Media.Art.Net: Hole in Space was a Public Communication Sculpture [for three days]. On a November evening in 1980 the unsuspecting public walking past the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts in New York City, and The Broadway department store located in the open air Shopping Center in Century City (Los Angeles), had a surprising counter with each other. Suddenly head-to-toe, life-sized, television images of the people on the opposite coast appeared. They could now see, hear, and speak with each other as if encountering each other on the same sidewalk. No signs, sponsor logos, or credits were posted—no explanation at all was offered. No self-view video monitors to distract from the phenomena of this life–size encounter. Hole–In–Space suddenly severed the distance between both cities and created an outrageous pedestrian intersection. There was the evening of discovery, followed by the evening of intentional word-of-mouth rendezvous, followed by a mass migration of families and trans–continental loved ones, some of which had not seen each other for over twenty years.
Kit Galloway and Sherrie Rabinowitz, founders of the Electronic Café in Santa Monica, California, were among the first artists to begin exploring communications art through satellite technologies. Their seminal work, Hole-in-Space from1980, represented one of the earliest examples of live, networked media art. They setup two large projection screens: one at Lincoln Center in New York City, the other at Century City in Los Angeles, to connect two audiences. Conceived as a participatory event (much like the early Happenings), this unannounced project, setup for three consecutive days, enabled two groups of viewers to see the other live and in real-time across the space of the US, which literally collapsed the experience of the real and the virtual, the local and the remote.
Four years later, Galloway and Rabinowitz founded the Electronic Café in a project commissioned by the LA Museum of Contemporary Art in conjunction with the 1984 Olympics Art Festival in Los Angeles. The event joined five restaurants in LA situated in diverse neighborhoods: effectively opening up a “hole in space” between ethnic groups of geographically distant and separate communities. People at the cafés could exchange drawings, photos, poems, and messages via a dedicated network. The Electronic Café was essentially the prototypical “cyber café,” nearly ten years before the Web would become a mass medium. The artists’ commitment to using technologies to enhance community interaction led them to establish a permanent space in Santa Monica, where the Electronic Café became internationally known as a center for events, exhibitions, and performances dedicated to communications art.
Telematic Dreaming, Paul Sermon (1993)
Artist Statement: Telematic Dreaming was originally produced as a commission for the annual summer exhibition curated by the Finnish Ministry of Culture in Kajaani, with support from Telecom Finland, in June 1992.
Within the third space, two participants lie on beds in remote locations, but together they share a bed in electronic space. Although they are not physically together, there is a strong sense of intimacy and shared presence between the participants. This piece directly questions the sense of intimacy experienced in the third space: the “telematic embrace” of individuals united via the network. When you “touch” another individual in the third space, why do you feel a connection as though you were physically present? Why is there a sense of intimacy in the third space, even though you are remote from the other person(s). Telematic Dreaming asks these questions while looking forward to how we are increasingly engaging with one another and forming relationships in the third space.
Artist Statement: Telematic Dreaming is an installation that was created within the ISDN digital telephone network. Two separate interfaces are located in separate locations, these interfaces in themselves are dynamic installations that function as customized video-conferencing systems. A double bed is located within both locations, one in a blacked out space and the other in an illuminated space. The bed in the light location has a camera situated directly above it, sending a live video image of the bed, and a person (“A”) lying on it, to a video projector located above the other bed in the blacked out location. The live video image is projected down on to the bed with another person (“B”) on it. A second camera, next to the video projector, sends a live video image of the projection of person “A” with person “B” back to a series of monitors that surround the bed and person “A” in the illuminated location. The telepresent image functions like a mirror that reflects one person within another persons reflection.
“Telematic Dreaming” deliberately plays with the ambiguous connotations of a bed as a telepresent projection surface. The psychological complexity of the object dissolves the geographical distance and technology involved in the complete ISDN installation. The ability to exist outside of the users own space and time is created by an alarmingly real sense of touch that is enhanced by the context of the bed and caused by an acute shift of senses in the telematic space. The users consciousness within the telepresent body is controlled by a voyeurism of its self. The cause and effect interactions of the body determine its own space and time, by extending this through the ISDN network, the body can travel at the speed of light and locate itself wherever it is interacting. In “Telematic Dreaming” the user exchanges their tactile senses and touch by replacing their hands with their eyes.
Second Front, Grand Theft Avatar (2008)
From the project Website for Grand Theft Avatar: Second Front robs the Linden Treasury acting as the “currency liberation army.” In a live performance at the San Francisco Art Institute as part of the “From Cinema to Machinima” panel, we impersonated the members of the panel, walked in on Patty Hearst, the receptionist, grabbed the loot and freed it. In a final act of desperation, we rode H-bombs, Slim Pickens style (Stanley Kubrick’s film Dr. Strangelove) into the sunset.
Since the graphical antics of the Palace, Second Life has set the stage for performance events that create nearly believable worlds. While still in the realm of simple animation, Second LIfe provides a multi-user environment for dramatic action, character development, unusual gestural movement, spoken lines, sound effects, and lavish set design. In Grand Theft Avatar, the Second Front company of avatar-actors sabotages Second Life’s monetary system, by robbing the “Linden Treasury” of virtual dollars, the currency actually used commercially by those who inhabit the space. This work is an example of artistically critiquing game structure, in which artists stage counter-narrative that undermines more traditional game structure, while at the same time, commenting on the social and political nature of game strategies.
Second Front is the first performance art group in the online virtual world of Second Life. Founded in 2006, Second Front quickly grew to its current seven-member troupe that includes Gazira Babeli (Italy), Yael Gilks (London), Bibbe Hansen (New York), Doug Jarvis (Victoria), Scott Kildall (San Francisco), Patrick Lichty (Chicago) and Liz Solo (St. Johns).
The Kiss (2007)
French performance artist Annie Abrahams uses webcam technology to unite participants in a shared electronic space. In this work, the two performers attempt to kiss through the network. Despite physical separation, there is a sense of intimacy in the telematic embrace. We ask the question: are we “alone together,” or are we able to form meaningful and deeply human connections through networked interaction and performance.
This work explores the idea of the “telematic embrace,” a concept discussed by theorist Roy Ascott in terms of qualities of engagement in networked space. Here, cyberperformance artist Annie Abrahams explores the integration of two physical spaces as sets for a “still life,” in this case: a third space still life since the integration of these elements is only possible in this hybrid electronic space. As the performers combine their telematically connected bodies in the third space, they attempt to reach through the digital divide, to explore a kind of extended human presence across the network. Is this what we experience when we are engaged in a Skype conversation?
From Annie Abrahams essay, “Trapped to Reveal“: Earlier telematic projects such as Sherrie Rabinowitz and Kit Galloway’s Hole in Space (1980) and Electronic Café International (1984) or Paul Sermon’s Telematic Dreaming (1992) did explore relational possibilities in machine mediated environments, but paid little attention to it’s moments of failure or it’s messiness as integrated parts of the relation. I felt it was time to explore the relational conditions and behaviour of humans living in an increasingly technologized society again.
In works such as Shared Still Life, according to Maria Chatzichristodoulou from the exhibition at the Futherfield Gallery in London, “the work is commonplace, messy and malleable. It is about the ‘banal’ reality of everyday life, time passing by, people crossing paths in fractured, desperate or indifferent attempts to communicate. This everyday quality opens up Abrahams’s Shared Still Life to movement, dust, miscommunication, and shared absence.”
Some questions to consider at the close of our study of the third space:
- How does this work predict future life in the third space?
- Are we increasingly attempting to navigate this space as part of our everyday lives?
- Is the third space becoming a replacement of so-called real life in the physical world?
- Do we prefer life in the third space to life in the first space?
For those students who may be considering a third space performance, here are some interesting technical / conceptual questions to consider, when performers are alone together, from Trapped to Reveal:
- They are connected, using a webcam, to a shared interface where they can see images and hear the sounds from all the other performers and themselves.
- This interface has the form of a grid.
- They share image boundaries and can interact spatially with the other performers.
- The sound the performer hears is a mix of all the sounds from the other performers.
- Because of network delays the way the interface has been constructed, no two performers receive the same images and sound at the same time.
- To avoid delay – difficulties while speaking, performers cannot hear their own voices, and cannot judge their participation in the total sound environment.
- The performers must wear a headset to avoid feedback.
In closing, a performance by Annie Abrahams, Huis Clos / No Exit – Tout va Bien
for the “Self-Reflexivity and Cinéma Verité” session curated by Martine Neddam
Studium Generale from 2011 “Cinema Clash Continuum – Film & History in the age of Godard”
30 March 2011, Rietveld academy, Amsterdam
With Balthazar Berling, Lola Bezemer, Rozemarijn Hermans,Tirza Kater, Alexander Laurie and Anna Orlikowska
What does a work such as Huis Clos / No Exit – Tout va Bien suggest for the future of cinema in the third space? How might we construct cinematic structures in the third space? Instead of cinema articulating a singular vision, how can third space cinema create a mosaic of visions, a grid of point of views, a composite of cinematic ideas?
Margaret Wertheim , author of The Pearly Gates of Cyberspace, announces that with networked cyberspace, “We are witnessing here the birth of a new domain, a new space that simply did not exist before.”
Collective Third Space Compositions by Yeo Jin Xiang
The following images were created in Adobe Connect, connecting bodies in the third space from remote locations.
Review assignments for next week | <urn:uuid:03722c3f-231e-46e3-9803-626fa80bbe00> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://oss.adm.ntu.edu.sg/2014-da9003/syllabus/the-third-space/ | 2024-04-12T15:21:45Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.930438 | 4,960 | 5,384 |
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In today's world, electricians are essential for keeping homes, businesses, and industries powered and running smoothly. Skilled in maintaining electrical systems, these professionals are crucial for modern society. But in a competitive job market, a great electrician resume is key to showcasing your skills effectively.
I can get a good doctor in a minute and a half. Getting a really good electrician - that's hard.
We will help you write an impressive resume for an electrician. This article will cover important resume elements like highlighting your technical skills, relevant certifications, and formatting tips to make your application shine.
Whether you're an experienced electrician or just starting, this guide will help you navigate the resume-writing process and land your dream job in the electrical industry. Let's get started!
Electrician Resume Examples
Foreman electrician resume example
Steven A. Pringle
3043 Turkey Pen Lane
Columbus, AL 31901
Phone: (555) 555-5555
Seasoned Foreman Electrician with over 12 years of experience leading electrical projects in residential, commercial, and industrial settings. Expertise in overseeing installation, maintenance, and repair activities while ensuring compliance with safety standards. Proven ability to manage teams effectively and deliver projects on time and within budget.
PowerTech Solutions, Columbus, AL
January 2020 - Present
- Lead and supervise electrical installation, maintenance, and repair projects for residential, commercial, and industrial clients.
- Coordinate with project managers, contractors, and clients to ensure project requirements are met.
- Provide technical guidance and mentorship to electricians and apprentices.
- Manage project schedules, budgets, and resources to achieve project goals.
- Conduct site inspections and quality control checks to maintain high standards of workmanship.
- Communicate effectively with clients, and stakeholders to address concerns and resolve issues promptly.
Southern Electrical Services, Columbus, AL
March 2015 - December 2019
- Installed, maintained, and repaired electrical systems in residential, commercial, and industrial properties.
- Diagnosed electrical faults and performed troubleshooting to identify root causes and implement solutions.
- Read and interpreted blueprints, schematics, and wiring diagrams.
- Adhered to safety protocols and procedures to minimize risks and ensure a safe working environment.
- Collaborated with team members to complete projects efficiently and according to specifications.
PowerTech Solutions, Columbus, AL
August 2012 - February 2015
- Participated in a comprehensive electrical apprenticeship program, gaining experience in installation, maintenance, and repair.
- Assisted journeyman electricians in various tasks, including wiring, troubleshooting, and equipment installation.
- Demonstrated a strong work ethic, reliability, and a willingness to learn throughout the apprenticeship period.
Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering, Columbus University, Columbus, AL
- Graduated: May 2012
Electrical Apprenticeship Program, Columbus Technical College, Columbus, AL
- State Journeyman Electrician License
- NFPA 70E Certification (Electrical Safety in the Workplace)
- Leadership and team management
- Electrical system installation and maintenance
- Blueprint reading and interpretation
- Troubleshooting and problem-solving
- Project management and coordination
Available upon request.
Electrical Apprentice Resume Example
Industrial Electrician Resume Example
Elena J. Patterson
3408 Harrison Street, San Francisco, CA 94143
Phone: (555) 555-5555
Highly skilled Industrial Electrician with over 8 years of experience in maintaining, troubleshooting, and repairing electrical systems in industrial settings. Adept at installing and testing electrical systems, and ensuring compliance with standards. Seeking to contribute expertise and dedication to a dynamic organization.
Industrial Electrician, Tesla, Inc., Fremont, CA
June 2018 - Present
- Install, maintain, and repair electrical systems and equipment in a large-scale manufacturing facility
- Perform routine inspections and preventive maintenance on electrical systems to ensure optimal performance and safety
- Collaborate with engineering and maintenance teams to design and implement electrical upgrades and modifications
- Train new hires on electrical safety procedures and best practices
- Maintain accurate records of maintenance activities, equipment inventory, and repairs performed
Electrical Technician Journeyman, Schneider Electric, San Francisco, CA
January 2016 - May 2018
- Conducted routine inspections of electrical equipment and components to identify potential issues
- Learned to use various tools and equipment safely and effectively
- Assisted in troubleshooting electrical problems and performing repairs as needed
- Participated in safety meetings and training sessions to promote a culture of awareness
Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering Technology
Bay Area College of Technology, San Francisco, CA
- Graduated: May 2016
- Certified Electrician (California State License)
- Strong understanding of National Electrical Code (NEC) and OSHA regulations
- Ability to troubleshoot electrical issues and implement effective solutions
- Experience with PLC systems, motor controls, and variable frequency drives (VFDs)
- Excellent communication and teamwork abilities
- Strong attention to detail and commitment to safety
Electrician Journeyman Resume Example
When crafting your electrician resume, it's crucial to pay attention to both formatting and language usage.
Here are some advice to ensure your resume is properly written:
- Use a clean and organized layout that is easy to read. Stick to a professional font, such as Arial or Calibri, and maintain consistent formatting throughout the document.
- Divide your resume into clear sections, such as contact information, summary or objective, work experience, skills, certifications, and education. This makes it easier for employers to navigate your resume and find the information they need.
- Use bullet points to list your responsibilities and achievements in each job or project you've worked on.
- Where possible, quantify your achievements to demonstrate the impact you've had in previous roles. For example, instead of saying "Managed electrical installations", you could say "Managed electrical installations for 20+ residential projects, ensuring timely completion and client satisfaction".
- Customize your language to align with the job description and the specific requirements of the role you're applying for. Use keywords and phrases from the job posting to show that you have the skills and experience needed for the position.
- While it's important to underline your technical expertise, avoid using excessive jargon that may be unfamiliar to hiring managers outside of the electrical industry.
Useful powerful words and phrases such as:
- Troubleshooting. Identifying, diagnosing, and resolving electrical problems.
- Installation. Installing equipment following established guidelines.
- Maintenance. Inspecting and performing fixes on electrical systems.
- Testing. Verifying proper functionality of units and wiring.
- Safety. Adhering to safety protocols to prevent accidents or injuries.
- Knowledgeable. Understanding of electrical systems and codes.
- Diagnostic Tools. Utilizing appropriate instruments to identify faults.
- Analytical. Ability to solve complex technical problems.
- Flexible. Adaptable to changing requirements and tight deadlines.
- Organizational Skills. Capacity to prioritize tasks and manage time efficiently.
- Communication. Effectively communicating with colleagues, clients, and customers.
- Teamwork. Working well with others in a collaborative environment.
- Resourceful. Utilizing available resources to find solutions.
- Detail Oriented. Close attention to detail to ensure accuracy.
When including your contact details on your electrical resume, it's essential to ensure that it's clearly presented.
Here's how to write this part:
- Header Placement. Your contact data should be placed at the top of your resume, typically in the header.
- Include Essential Details. Write details such as your full name, phone number, email, and address. Make sure your name stands out and is prominently displayed, possibly in a larger font or bolded format.
- Professional Email Address. Use an email that includes your name. Avoid using personal or inappropriate nicknames that could create a negative impression. For example, use "[email protected]" rather than "[email protected]."
- Phone Number. Provide a number where employers can reach you easily. Include the appropriate country code if applying for positions internationally.
- Location. Add your city and state (or country, if applicable) to give employers an idea of where you're located. This can be particularly important if you're applying for a local occupation or if the job requires on-site work. Mention if you are looking for a remote job.
Fortunately, I've also been an electrician, and that's a happy memory for me.
When crafting and organizing work experience section in a resume of an electrician, there are several high-priority points to bear in mind:
- Begin with the most recent work and take your way back in chronological order. This gives a sense of your career history and the expertise you have developed.
- Utilize bullet points to list out each job and key accomplishments within it. This will facilitate the reader to quickly identify what skills you possess and the type of experience you have in a given role.
- Ensure that you put in details such as job titles, company names, dates of employment, and brief descriptions of job duties.
- Attract attention to any certifications or special training that you have completed in your sphere. This can be especially important for electricians since many positions require particular knowledge to perform certain tasks safely.
Below is an example of how to organize job history information for an electrical technician:
Johnson Electrical Services, Seattle, WA
June 2018 - Present
- Install and repair electrical systems in residential and commercial buildings.
- Ensure compliance with local and national electrical codes standards.
- Collaborate with clients and project managers to plan electrical installations and upgrades.
- Train and mentor apprentice electricians on proper installation techniques and safety procedures.
- Maintain accurate records of work performed and materials used for each project.
Smith Electric, Seattle, WA
August 2016 - May 2018
- Assisted journeyman electricians with the installation and maintenance of electrical systems.
- Learned to interpret blueprints, schematics, and wiring diagrams to plan installations.
- Participated in training programs and adhered to safety protocols on job sites.
- Gained hands-on experience with electrical tools and equipment.
- Demonstrated reliability and dedication by consistently meeting project deadlines and goals.
List your education in reverse chronological order, starting with your most recent degree or certification first. This allows employers to see a clear progression in your educational achievements.
Start by listing any degrees or certifications relevant to the field of electrical work. This could include:
- Electrical Engineering Degree
- Diploma in Electrical Systems Installation
For each degree, include the following details:
- Name of the degree or certification
- Name of the institution where you obtained it
- Location of the college (city, state)
- Date of graduation or completion
If you completed coursework that is directly related to the electrical field, you can list such courses under your academic section. This can provide additional insight into your knowledge and skills.
Generally, a high school diploma is not necessary to include on an electrician resume if you have completed higher education or have any work experience. However, if you are a recent graduate or if your school education is particularly relevant (e.g., specialized vocational training), you may choose to include it.
Becoming an electrical engineer takes about the same time as becoming a physician.
Here is an illustration of the educational history of an electrical resume:
Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Graduated: May 2020
- Relevant Coursework: Advanced Circuit Analysis, Power Systems Engineering, Control Systems Design
- Awards: Dean's List (Spring 2018, Fall 2019)
Associate Degree in Electrical Technology, Seattle Central College, Seattle, WA
- Graduated: May 2017
- Relevant Coursework: Electrical Wiring Techniques, Industrial Motor Controls, Renewable Energy Systems
By following these guidelines, you can effectively showcase your education and qualifications in your electrician resume.
Grips and electricians have done more to help me shoot good movies than any other craft.
When it comes to your resume, highlighting your skills is crucial. You want to showcase both your technical abilities, known as hard skills, and your personal strengths - soft skills.
Think of hard skills as the know-how you've gained through training and experience. Soft skills, on the other hand, are all about how you work with others and tackle challenges. These can be just as important as your tech skills.
Soft Skills for Electrician Resume:
- Remarkable resolving abilities;
- Able to work autonomously or in a team;
- Thorough apprehension of safety protocols and regulations;
- Good communication and interpersonal skills;
- Exceptional customer service and relationship building;
- Ability to work under pressure and meet time limits.
Hard Skills for Electrician Resume:
- Electrical wiring and installation of fixtures;
- Adjustment of electrical malfunctions;
- Mastery of local electrical codes and standards;
- Connecting conduits, circuit breakers, and other equipment;
- Repairing malfunctioning systems;
- Reading blueprints;
- Apprehension of schematics and diagrams.
By showcasing a mix of both types of abilities, you'll paint a complete picture of what you bring to the table as an electrician.
Many world-famous celebrities began their careers as electricians. Famous people who were electrical engineers: George Harrison, Liam Cunningham, Alfred Hitchcock, Benjamin Franklin, Elvis Presley, Albert Einstein.
More and more employers are looking at candidate's social media profiles as part of the hiring process. Your social media presence can give employers a sense of who you are outside of work, and whether you'd be a good fit for their company culture.
If you have a professional account, like a LinkedIn profile, you can include a link to it. This allows employers to learn more about you and see your professional network.
However, if your personal social media profiles (like Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram) aren't professional or don't reflect the image you want to portray to employers, it's best to keep them separate from your job search.
Electrician Resume Summary
A resume summary is a brief statement that highlights your relevant skills, experience, and accomplishments. It serves as an introduction to your resume and helps to capture the attention of hiring managers.
Your resume summary should be around 2-3 sentences long. Begin it by highlighting 2-3 key skills or areas of expertise that are directly related to the job you're applying for. Do not forget about action verbs.
Provide an overview of your relevant experience, focusing on your accomplishments and achievements. Emphasize how they align with the needs of the employer and how you can contribute to their organization.
Write the summary in the third person and avoid using personal pronouns such as "I" or "me." Instead, focus on presenting yourself in a professional and objective manner.
Electrician Resume Summary Example:
Dynamic and results-driven electrician with 5+ years of experience in residential and commercial electrical installations. Skilled in interpreting blueprints, troubleshooting electrical issues, and ensuring compliance with safety standards. Proven track record of delivering high-quality workmanship and exceptional customer service.
Electricians must pass a color-blindness test before starting their practice.
Additional information on your resume for an electrician can provide valuable insight into your qualifications, interests, and accomplishments.
|Include interests and hobbies that are relevant or showcase important skills or qualities. They allow the hiring manager to get a deeper insight into the character. Try to avoid irrelevant or controversial activities.
|Hiking, Camping, DIY Projects
|They can further demonstrate your commitment to professional development and showcase your expertise in specific areas.
|National Electrical Code (NEC) Training (Local Electrical Association), Solar PV Installation Training (SEI)
|If you're proficient in multiple languages, you can include this information, especially if the job requires bilingual skills.
|Fluent in Spanish (written and spoken)
|Awards are an indication that the individual has been successful in their career so far and is likely to be in the future.
|Received recognition for completing a complex installation project within tight deadlines
|Including references demonstrates that you have professional connections who are willing to vouch for your work ethic, character, and performance. Before listing someone as a reference, obtain their permission.
|Sarah Johnson, Services Manager, Acme Corporation, (555) 555-9012
|Add any relevant certifications or licenses that demonstrate your qualifications for the job.
|Licensed Electrician (State of Washington), OSHA 30-Hour Construction Safety Certification
Try Resume Builder
Are you an electrician looking to create a professional and polished resume that highlights your skills and experience? Look no further than Resume Trick! This service will help you craft a standout resume tailored specifically for the electrical industry.
Why use the resume builder?
- Templates. It offers a range of customizable electrician resume templates designed for all industries. Choose from various layouts and designs that best showcase your expertise.
- Easy-to-Use Interface. The intuitive UI makes it simple to add information and customize your resume with just a few clicks.
- Flexible Sections. Highlight your strengths by customizing blocks to focus on your technical skills, project history, or certifications.
- Examples. Our resume creator provides a library of electrician resume samples. Use these examples as inspiration to craft your standout resume.
- AI Assistant. Resume Trick features an AI assistant that can help you write your experience and resume summary. Simply input your information, and the artificial intelligence will generate personalized, professional-sounding content to showcase your qualifications effectively.
Don't let a weak resume hold you back in your job search. Try our resume builder today and take the first step towards getting an interview!
Cover Letter for Electrician Resume
Writing a cover letter is important as it introduces you to the hiring manager, highlighting enthusiasm, and relevant experiences. This is your chance to make a great first impression and reveal to employers why you are the perfect choice for the electrician position.
Here are some hints on building a captivating cover letter for an electrical technician:
- Start by introducing yourself. Include your name, address, phone number, and email address. This offers employers an idea of who you are and what you can bring to the organization.
- Address the cover letter to the hiring manager or recruiter by name if possible. If you're unsure, use a generic salutation such as "Dear Hiring Manager."
- Highlight your relevant experience and skills. Use specific examples to demonstrate how your qualifications align with the job requirements. Discuss your experience with electrical installations, maintenance, troubleshooting, and compliance with safety regulations.
- Express your enthusiasm to join the company and contribute to its success. Mention that you've attached your resume for their review and invite them to contact you for further discussion.
- End with your full name. Also provide a professional signature if submitting a hard copy of the cover letter.
- Make sure the letter is to the point, no longer than one page in length. Avoid employing overly long sentences or paragraphs, as this can make it difficult for employers to read through quickly.
Create your professional Cover letter in 10 minutes for FREEBuild My Cover Letter
Now, let's look at an example of an excellent electrician cover letter and a bad one.
Dear Mr. Kellpsy,
I would like to apply for a job as an electrician with Forward Electrical Services. My 8 years of experience in electrical service and installation, as well as my commitment to safety and customer satisfaction, make me excited for the opportunity to contribute to your reputable team.
In my previous role at HoMe Electric, I successfully completed numerous residential and commercial projects, demonstrating proficiency in all aspects of electrical work. From interpreting blueprints and schematics to performing installations and resolving complex issues, I have a solid background in delivering quality workmanship while complying with industry standards and regulations.
I'm eager to use my expertise in electrical systems to enhance your continued success. I have faith that my skills and experience are a good match for the needs of your company, and I look forward to the possibility of joining your team..
Please find enclosed my resume which details my qualifications and accomplishments. I am available for an interview at your earliest convenience.
Thank you for your interest.
This cover letter for an electrician effectively showcases the candidate's extensive experience in electrical installations and maintenance, demonstrating a strong track record of success.
By expressing genuine enthusiasm for the position and aligning skills with the company's objectives, the candidate presents himself as a highly qualified applicant.
Bad Example of Electrician Cover Letter:
Dear Hiring Manager,
I'm writing to work at your esteemed company.
While I may not have the traditional qualifications, I've honed my electrical skills through various unconventional experiences, such as rescuing my pet hamster from a stuck wire and successfully navigating a power outage during a particularly intense game of Monopoly.
My dedication to problem-solving and my knack for navigating tricky situations make me confident in my ability to tackle any electrical challenge your team may face. I look forward to bringing my unique perspective and quirky sense of humor to your dynamic workplace.
This cover letter example is bad because it lacks professionalism and fails to provide any meaningful evidence of the job seeker's qualifications or skills. The tone is flippant and unprofessional, and the experience mentioned is trivial and irrelevant to the job he is applying for.
Additionally, the closing statement is overly casual and lacks a clear call to action. Overall, this cover letter is unlikely to make a positive impression on HR.
Entry-level electrician cover letter example:
Dear Mr Green,
*I am writing to express my interest in the Electrician Apprentice position with Applied Electrical Services. As a recent graduate of the Electrician Program at Seattle Technical College, I hope to pursue a career in the electrical industry. I am thrilled to have the opportunity to learn and grow with your esteemed company.
During my degree program, I gained hands-on experience in electrical installation, wiring, and troubleshooting, as well as a strong foundation in electrical theory and safety protocols.
I would greatly enjoy working with experienced electricians and learning from their expertise as I progress in my career.
I have attached my resume for your review, which provides additional insight into my qualifications and background. I would welcome the possibility to share my passion for the electrical industry with you.
Thank you for considering my application.
Checking your application documents is essential to ensure they are error-free and effectively communicate your qualifications and experiences. Proper grammar should be used throughout, such as using the correct verb tenses, conjugations, and adverb forms.
Here's a step-by-step guide on how to proofread your documents:
- Take a Break. After completing your electrician resume, take a short break before starting the proofreading process.
- Read Aloud. This technique can help you identify awkward phrasing, grammatical errors, and typos that you have overlooked when reading silently.
- Use Grammarly. Run a spell checker to find any obvious spelling errors. However, keep in mind that it may not catch all mistakes.
- Check for Consistency. Ensure consistency in formatting, font styles, and bullet points throughout your papers. Make sure that important sections are properly highlighted, and that the layout is visually appealing and easy to navigate.
- Get a Second Opinion. Consider asking a friend, family member, or trusted colleague to review your resume and cover letter. Fresh eyes can often see errors or inconsistencies that you may have missed.
You can increase your chances of being invited for an interview by spell-checking your resume before submitting it. Show employers that you have taken the time to ensure your papers are error-free.
Crafting an effective electrician resume requires attention to detail, and clarity to showcase your skills and experiences in the best possible light. By following the guidelines outlined in this article, you can create a compelling resume.
To simplify this process consider using an online resume creator. It will help you write an excellent resume for getting an electrician job quickly and easily, without putting too much time into it.
With a well-written resume, you can confidently pursue opportunities and position yourself for success in the electrician industry. | <urn:uuid:39b7c038-e1fa-4ba5-b849-cb0887d79383> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://resumetrick.com/blog/electrician-resume-example.html | 2024-04-12T15:24:19Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.910482 | 5,244 | 5,997 |
Hello and welcome to my Quantec Trading Capital Review.
Quantec Trading Capital promises to let you get started with your trading career.
By engaging with the prop firm, you’re set on a path toward greater success, opening your trading potential within the forex market.
To commence trading on a funded account within their platform, you simply need to conquer their straightforward challenge.
The prop firm streamlines this challenge, allowing you to utilize expert advisors, thereby enhancing your prospects of transitioning to a funded account.
Moreover, Quantec Trading Capital offers a wide range of funding options and a diverse array of tradable assets through its funding program.
This affords you extensive trading choices, elevating your potential returns and facilitating the establishment of an income stream.
Emphasizing the importance of trader success, the prop firm prioritizes this aspect within its funding program.
Nonetheless, while Quantec Trading Capital makes compelling claims, establishing trust necessitates a thorough understanding of its workings.
In this review, I’ve compiled everything you need to grasp about Quantec Trading Capital prop firm.
Summary Of Quantec Trading Capital Review
Name: Quantec Trading Capital
Type: Proprietary Firm
Founder: Not Disclosed
Evaluation Fee: Starts from $125 depending on the account size you choose.
Official Site: quantectrading.com
Overall Rating: 6/10
My Recommendation: Not for everyone; learn more from the review.
Quantec Trading Capital Review – Overview
Quantec Trading Capital is one of the prop firms looking for traders to fund in the forex market to make profits.
According to the program, you only need to take their challenge and prove your trading skills for you to claim their funding.
The program has a set of trading rules that will guide you through your lifetime trading with them.
Despite your status, the prop firm makes their funding process available for everyone who wants to join their team of traders.
There are many account sizes from their two funding programs available on their platform.
You only need to choose the one that suits you to enable you to get started with your trading on the platform.
If you are profitable, you will earn more profits when the prop firm allows you to make withdrawals and build an income.
Pros Of Quantec Trading Capital
- Offers a profit share of up to 80%.
- Allows you to trade with a maximum leverage of 1:100.
- No time limit to your trade.
- Partnered with a trusted broker.
- Provides you with many tradable assets.
- Allows you to trade with a maximum balance of $600,000.
Cons Of Quantec Trading Capital
- Account prices are too high.
- Does not allow weekend trade holding.
- Does not permit the trading of news.
- No refund policy was mentioned.
Who Should Sign Up with Quantec Trading Capital?
Quantec Trading Capital is looking for traders who can maintain good consistency in their trading.
You must be profitable and able to trade within their set of rules for you to succeed in their funding program.
So, before you think of joining the Quantec Trading platform, you must be able to trade and make profits in the forex market.
The prop firm uses its evaluation process to test your profitability in trading and see if you can actually trade with their capital.
So, if you are not skilled in trading in the forex market, the Quantec Trading Capital prop firm is not for you.
What Is Quantec Trading Capital?
Quantec Trading Capital Is a prop firm that offers you the opportunity to trade with their capital in the forex market.
The company located in Singapore offers you different funding opportunities to help you realize your trading potential online.
Even though the prop firm does not disclose its ownership information, there are many trading offers available on the platform.
The prop firm only has a one-phase challenge with no time limit making it easy to get started with their funded account.
In addition, the program set of trading rules is easy to manage in your entire trading journey making it easy to succeed in your trading.
On the other hand, the prop firm claims to be available for everyone who wants to get started in their trading journey.
The prop firm enables you to trade with a maximum capital of $600,000 as your maximum trading balance.
This means that you can decide to go by trading one account or using multiple trading accounts as you wish.
In the end, you can decide to merge your multiple trading accounts to form one larger account size and target more earnings.
How Does Quantec Trading Capital Work?
Quantec Trading Capital works by providing you with the opportunity to trade in the forex market with their capital.
In this opportunity, the prop firm provides you with up to two funding programs with different funding options.
Your work is to choose your best funding program and account size to get started with your trade.
Your trading journey in the platform involves the following steps;
Step One: Getting Started
This is the first step of your journey where you will have to register your personal details to the platform to join their membership community.
The prop firm requires you to provide your true identification details as they will be used for reference when making payments.
During this process, you will need to choose your funding program and preferred account sizes which you will use in your entire trading journey.
Remember every account size has a unique funding capital and is also determined by its unique price.
A detailed explanation of the available account sizes and prices is also available in the lower section of this review.
Kindly take your time to read and understand them to help you decide on which one best suits you keeping in mind its price.
After choosing your account size and making the payment, you can move to the next level of your trading journey.
Step Two: Challenge
The next step after registration is now beginning your trade by taking on a challenge.
The Quantec Trading Capital prop firm only has a single-phase challenge to take which makes it a better option for many traders.
Most traders like spending the shortest time possible in taking their challenge to enable them to focus more on the funded stage.
The prop firm enables you to take the shortest time possible to pass their one-step challenge with zero minimum trading days.
This means that you can complete your challenge in as little as one day and move to a funded account to start trading with real capital.
On the other hand, the single-step challenge only has one profit target you need to hit before you move to a funded account.
The challenge stage tests your skills, experience, and your consistency in trading for the company to trust you with their capital.
Therefore, you are required to showcase your ability to trade in the forex market and earn profits.
You also need to prove that you can trade within the company’s trading rules to extend your trading time with them.
Note that, the challenge stage makes use of the demo account where you will be trading on virtual funds.
This makes you worry less about losing real funds when trading on the market and hence, a great opportunity for both beginners and expert traders.
However, your trading will mimic real trading with the same latency as the live funded account hence, will make no difference when you move to the funded account.
Step Three: Funded Account Stage
This is the final stage of your trading where you will be trading on a live market with a real funded account.
In this stage, you will be trading at your own targets and earn profits which you will be able to withdraw at the set time.
The Funded account makes use of real funds where the company provides you with capital equal to your initial account balance.
The company requires you to maintain high trading consistency and respect their trading rules while increasing your profits.
This will enable you to extend your trading time with the company and aim at achieving your success from their funding program.
Also Read: Genesis Forex Funds Review
What Is Contained In The Quantec Trading Capital?
The Quantec Trading Capital contains two funding programs with different account sizes as follows;
The Ultimate Funding Program
The Ultimate funding program also known as the ultimate trader account only has a one-step challenge.
It is still new on the platform and is not known by many.
This funding program offers you up to three different account sizes as follows;
- $50,000 account size.
- $100,000 account size.
- $200,000 account size.
The Standard Trader Funding Program
Also known as a standard trader account, it only has a single-phase challenge and is the oldest funding program available on the platform.
The Standard Trader account has the following account sizes;
- $25,000 account size.
- $50,000 account size.
- $100,000 account size.
- $200,000 account size.
What Are The Trading Rules Used In Quantec Trading Capital?
Quantec Trading Capital has the following trading rules you must know before you get started with your trading journey on the platform;
Quantec Trading Capital has a profit target of 10% in their one-step challenge for both their funding programs.
The profit target is calculated based on the initial account balance which you must reach for you to move to a funded account.
For instance, if you are trading on a $50,000 account size, you must reach a target of $500 for you to move to a funded account.
Maximum trading period
The prop firm offers you an unlimited maximum trading period on their platform.
This means that you can trade for your entire lifetime in the platform provided you respect their treading rules.
This makes it a greater option for traders who want to build a passing income and achieve success with the company’s funding opportunity.
Minimum Trading Days
The minimum trading days in both the two funding programs are set at Zero in all the stages of your trade.
This enables you to spend the shortest time possible to pass a single trading stage to the next level of your journey.
It is, therefore, a great option for traders to move to a funded account and start making money from their trading journey.
Quantec Trading Capital platform enables you to trade with a leverage of up to 1:100 in the standard trader account.
In the ultimate trader account, the maximum trading leverage is set at 1:30.
Maximum Daily loss
The maximum daily loss in the standard trader account is set at 5% and the ultimate trader account is 6% calculated based on the initial balance of your trading account.
For instance, if you are trading on a $100,000 account size, then your maximum daily loss will be $500 and $600 respectively.
This means that you are not permitted to lose more than $500, or $600 in a single day of your trade in the platform.
Maximum overall loss
The maximum Total drawdown in the standard trader account is set at 10% and 12% in the ultimate trader account is calculated based on the initial balance of your trading account size.
For instance, if you are trading on a $100,000 account size, then your total drawdown will be $1,000 and $12,000 respectively.
This means that you are not permitted to lose more than $1,000, or $12,000 in your entire trading journey on the platform.
Quantec Trading Capital does not allow you to hold your trading during the weekends on their platform.
This means that you must be ready and willing to trade over the weekends and overnights before you can join this platform.
Quantec Trading Capital prop firm does not allow you to trade news, especially the high impact news as this violates their terms and conditions of trade.
For this reason, you must avoid news trading to extend your trading time on the platform.
Violating this rule may make you risk losing your trading account from the platform.
Quantec Trading Capital prop firm offers you an excellent profit share of up to 80% of the total profits you make from your trading.
For instance, if you earn a total of $1,000 from your trade, you will be able to withdraw up to $800 as your share.
This makes the platform excellent for growing your income and earning more from your trade.
What Trading Instruments Are Allowed In Quantec Trading Capital?
The prop firm offers you several tradable assets which include the following;
- Forex pairs
You can trade these instruments on Metatrader4 or Meter Trader 5 as all are accepted on the platform.
Important: Get Funded Now Review
Which Broker Does Quantec Trading Capital Platform Use?
Quantec Trading Capital platform partners with Eightcap as their trusted broker to ensure all your trading processes and funds are safe.
Eightcap is a trusted broker regulated by several legal authorities and is one of the best-known brokers in the forex market.
The broker also has many reputations being used by many companies and prop firms in the forex market.
What Is The Cost Of Joining The Quantec Trading Capital?
The cost of joining Quantec Trading Capital depends on the funding program and account size you choose.
This means that you must make your choice based on the amount you can afford to use in making your purchase;
Here are the funding programs with their account sizes and corresponding prices as in the Quantec Trading Capital;
The Ultimate Funding Program
- $50,000 account size that cost $488.
- $100,000 account size that cost $888.
- $200,000 account size that cost $1,748.
The Standard Trader Funding Program
- $25,000 account size that cost $125.
- $50,000 account size that cost $249.
- $100,000 account size that cost $499.
- $200,000 account size that cost $999.
After payment of these one-time prices, the prop firm does not charge you any extra fees or monthly fees.
This means that you will now be free to own your trading account for your entire trading time.
However, the prop firm does not mention any refund policy on their official website which provides no guarantee for a refund.
For this reason, you may not likely get a guaranteed refund if you quit the platform after making your payment.
In most cases, prop firms do give a refund of the registration fee in your first payout which is not the case with the Quantec Trading Capital program.
Payouts In Quantec Trading Capital
The Quantec Trading Capital platform allows you to withdraw your profits when you reach their funded account.
According to the prop firm, you will only need to trade with your funded account for at least thirty days to be eligible for withdrawal.
At the time of withdrawal, you will need to navigate to the dashboard and click on the withdrawal/profit share option.
One you have sent your withdrawal request; the support team will process your request and give you feedback within three business days.
The payout in the platform can either be done via bank transfer or cryptocurrency where you choose the one that suits you.
Is Quantec Trading Capital A Scam?
In my opinion, Quantec Trading Capital is not a scam.
The prop firm provides you with two funding opportunities with different account sizes to enable you to have multiple options.
By taking their challenge, the program will build trust with your trading process to enable you to succeed in their funding program.
However, you need to keep in mind that this funding opportunity only works for talented traders who can trade consistently.
For instance, you must have skills in trading and be highly profitable in addition to being able to adhere to their trading rules.
For instance, the partnership agreement between you and the platform is to make profits and share it on an 80/20 basis.
This means that if you are not profitable, you may not likely succeed in keeping the agreement.
In addition, if you are less profitable, you will not be able to get a funded account as you may end up failing in your challenge.
Failing to reach the set profit target in the evaluation stage will deny you the opportunity to succeed in the funded account.
On the other hand, the prop firm does not mention any refund policy on their website which makes it difficult for you to reclaim your funds.
This means that if you fail to reach the funded account, you will automatically run into a loss in your trading.
The account sizes in the platform are also expensive to purchase making it not an option for everyone.
My Assessment Of Quantec Trading Capital
Profits Split: 8/10
Quantec Trading Capital offers you an excellent profit share of up to 80%.
This enables you to earn more from your trading to effectively build an income out of your trade.
In addition, it is a strategy to attract more traders to join the platform and build a perfect trading career they love.
Scaling Opportunities: 0/10
There is no scaling opportunity mentioned in the Quantec Trading Capital.
This makes it not an option for traders who may want to rapidly grow their trading account on the platform.
You will have to rely on your profit share to grow your trading account and earn more from the forex market.
Profits Targets: 6/10
Because the program only has a single-phase challenge, the profit target is less realistic for many traders.
In most cases, a two-phase challenge always has more realistic profit targets than single-phase challenges.
Therefore, the prop firm is only suitable for experienced traders who can withstand less realistic profit targets.
Quantec Trading Capital is slightly expensive when purchasing their account sizes as compared to most prop firms in the market.
Their account sizes also start with higher balances with their lowest account having a balance of $25,000.
This makes it much more expensive for beginners who might be looking for an affordable account size to use in their trading.
Trader Supports: 3/10
The trader support program is not well elaborated in the platform, especially for those who might want to learn more from the program.
The company fails to disclose the ownership information or contact details of their background and offices.
The program only has a live chat program where you can send a message to their expert team on their webpage.
Tradable Assets: 8/10
There are various assets you can trade in the Quantec Trading Capital platform which can help you increase your chances of success.
The many tradable assets present in the platform make it target different categories of traders in the forex market.
It also makes it easy for traders to invest in the kind of trade they want in the platform provided they adhere to the set trading rules.
Trusting the program is a challenge due to the missing ownership information and lack of contact addresses and locations.
It is much easier for traders to trust a company if they can trade its background information on their platform.
Most traders do like to learn more about a company from their owner’s background information which is not clear in the platform.
My Overall Rating is 6/10
In general, I rate Quantec Trading Capital 6/10.
The prop firm offers traders larger capital which makes you stand a chance to earn more from your trading journey.
They also have no time limit making it easy for you to speed up your trade and meet your trading targets in the platform.
What Are People Saying
Here is what people are saying about the Quantec Trading Capital platform online;
The Quantec Trading Capital Review Trustpilot
The Quantec Trading prop firm has a poor rating on the Trustpilot platform with 2.2/5 stars (March 22, 2024).
This is a result of a sample of 227 reviewers where the prop firm only got 28% of the reviewers awarding it a five-star rating.
Up to 64% of the reviewers awarded the prop firm a one-star rating which is quite bad for a company on a forex market.
FAQs About Quantec Trading Capital
Is There Any Inactivity Rule In The Quantec Trading Capital?
There is an inactivity rule in the platform which requires you to maintain a regular trading habit.
According to the inactivity rule, you are not required to leave your trading account inactive for more than thirty days.
Breaking this inactivity rule will make you risk your account being breached denying you the opportunity to continue with your trading journey.
How Many Trading Accounts Can I Own At A Given Time In Quantec Trading Capital?
There is no limit to the maximum number of trading accounts you can have on the platform.
However, the platform sets its maximum account balance for a single trader to be $600,000.
Therefore, provided your total accounts balances do not exceed this capital, you will be free to own multiple accounts.
After Completing My Registration, How Long Will It Take To Receive My Challenge Account In Quantec Trading Capital?
After completing your registration process, it will take you less than ten minutes to receive your account credentials.
The prop firm promises to take the shortest time possible to process your payment and enable you to get access to your trading account.
The program encourages you to contact their support team in case of any delays in receiving your account details.
Can I Merge My Multiple Trading Accounts In The Quantec Trading Capital?
The prop firm allows you to merge your trading accounts provided the total balance does not exceed their maximum set balance for traders.
For this reason, you must first ensure that your total account balances do not exceed $600,000 as indicated in the platform.
Failure to consider this rule may make you risk losing your trading accounts from the platform.
Must My Trading Account Be On My Real Name?
The prop firm requires you to submit your real details in their platform during your registration process.
This includes using your real name which will be used when making your KYC registration in the funded stage.
Failure to provide your real name will make you face difficulties in making transactions on the platform.
Are There Restricted Countries To Quantec Trading Capital?
Despite Quantec Trading Capital being available worldwide, a few countries may be unable to access their services.
These countries include The United States, Russia, Ukraine, Cuba, North Korea, Iran, Myanmar, Somalia, Syria and Vietnam.
The remaining counties can enjoy the platform services without fear irrespective of their ethnicity.
Thank you for reading my Quantec Trading Capital Review.
If you have any additional questions regarding this prop firm, I’ll be happy to receive your concerns in the section below! | <urn:uuid:ae9701d7-6494-4f3d-9e5b-3030f607f24f> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://smarthumanblogger.com/quantec-trading-capital-review/ | 2024-04-12T15:28:17Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.931562 | 4,728 | 5,362 |
Ulcer prevention measures -
There's not yet enough good research to be able to say whether regular use of creams or lotions can prevent pressure ulcers. Pressure-relieving mattresses and support surfaces can lower the risk of pressure ulcers.
There are now many different products that can be used in hospitals, nursing homes or at home. Most of them offer especially soft surfaces or alternating pressure. Special foam mattresses can be used to provide a soft surface, for example. These distribute the pressure over a larger surface area, reducing the pressure on especially vulnerable parts of the body.
One drawback of very soft mattresses is that they can make it more difficult for people to move themselves. If they sink into the mattress, it can be harder for them to prop themselves up and change positions.
This is a problem especially for weaker people who would actually still be able to change their position on their own. So it makes sense to check what kind of mattress is most suitable. Special mattresses known as alternating pressure mattresses are also commonly used and can help to prevent pressure ulcers.
These mattresses have several chambers that are automatically filled with different amounts of air. The air pressure usually changes several times an hour to relieve pressure on different parts of the body. Alternating pressure mattresses are most often used for patients who have an especially high risk of developing pressure ulcers — such as patients in intensive care who are on a ventilator and can't move on their own.
Another thing that can help prevent damage to the skin is sheepskin mattress covers. Some people find sheepskin unpleasant, though, because it can make your skin very warm after a while.
So heels are often elevated using pillows, or special heel protectors made out of animal skin or foam are used. But there is no proof that these actually prevent pressure ulcers. Some people find the heel protectors uncomfortable and choose not to wear them.
There are also concerns that they could increase the risk of falling if people get up and walk around while wearing them. There hasn't been much research on aids such as special positioning cushions or special cushions for people to sit on either.
Caregivers might sometimes provide too much help. For instance, they might turn someone over in bed although the person is actually still capable of turning over in bed themselves, perhaps with just a little assistance.
It is better to only help as much as needed, so the person stays as independent as possible, helping to prevent pressure ulcers. If you are caring for a family member at home or go to visit them in the hospital or at a nursing home, you can help them move short distances, for instance when taking a few steps to the table to sit down and eat.
If someone needs to lie in bed for a long time, a nursing care plan is usually made together with nursing professionals. This may include information such as how many times a day a person needs to be repositioned. It is important for everyone to make sure that the plan is followed properly.
This also includes regularly changing diapers or incontinence pads. You should tell the nurses or doctors immediately about any red or sore areas of skin. They can then take a closer look at the affected area. It is always important to take pressure off that part of your body.
Family members can also learn various positioning techniques in caregiving courses. In Germany and other countries, health insurers or long-term care insurers cover the costs of many of the aids needed at home or may lend things like nursing beds.
Many cities also have information centers for caregivers, offering help and advice concerning issues related to pressure ulcer prevention.
IQWiG health information is written with the aim of helping people understand the advantages and disadvantages of the main treatment options and health care services. Because IQWiG is a German institute, some of the information provided here is specific to the German health care system.
The suitability of any of the described options in an individual case can be determined by talking to a doctor. We do not offer individual consultations.
Our information is based on the results of good-quality studies. It is written by a team of health care professionals, scientists and editors, and reviewed by external experts.
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Show details Cologne, Germany: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care IQWiG ; It is also highly routinized: The same tasks need to be performed over and over, often many times in a single day without failure.
It is not perceived to be glamorous: The skin as an organ, and patient need for assessment and care, does not enjoy the high status and importance of other clinical areas.
The pressure ulcer bundle outlined in this section incorporates three critical components in preventing pressure ulcers: Comprehensive skin assessment.
Standardized pressure ulcer risk assessment. Care planning and implementation to address areas of risk. The challenge to improving care is how to get these key practices completed on a regular basis.
Resources The bundle concept was developed by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement IHI. Additional Information The following article describes successful efforts to improve pressure ulcer prevention that relied on the use of the components in the IHI bundle: Walsh NS, Blanck AW, Barrett KL.
Some of the advantages of these clinical pathways are to: Reduce variation and standardize care. Provide efficient, evidence-based care.
Improve outcomes. Educate staff as to best practices. Improve care planning. Facilitate discussion among staff. Tools An example of a clinical pathway detailing the different components of the bundle is found in Tools and Resources Tool 3A, Pressure Ulcer Prevention Pathway.
This color-coded tool can be used by the hospital unit team in designing the new system, as a training tool for frontline staff, and as an ongoing clinical reference tool on the units.
This tool can be modified, or a new one created, to meet the needs of your particular setting. If you prepared a process map describing your current practices described in section 2 , you can compare that to desired practices outlined on the clinical pathway.
Practice Insights Given the complexity of pressure ulcer preventive care, develop a clinical pathway that describes your bundle of best practices and how they are to be performed.
Return to Contents 3. These include: Identify any pressure ulcers that may be present. Assist in risk stratification; any patient with an existing pressure ulcer is at risk for additional ulcers. Determine whether there are other lesions and skin-related factors predisposing to pressure ulcer development, such as excessively dry skin or moisture-associated skin damage MASD.
Identify other important skin conditions. Provide the data necessary for calculating pressure ulcer incidence and prevalence. Additional Information It is important to differentiate MASD from pressure ulcers. The following articles provide useful insights on how to do this: DeFloor T, Schoonhoven L, Fletcher J, et al.
Statement of the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel: pressure ulcer classification. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs ; Gray M, Bliss DZ, Doughty DB. Incontinence associated dermatitis a consensus. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs ;34 1 Usual practice includes assessing the following five parameters: Temperature.
Moisture level. Skin integrity skin intact or presence of open areas, rashes, etc. Tools Detailed instructions for assessing each of these areas are found in Tools and Resources Tool 3B, Elements of a Comprehensive Skin Assessment.
Practice Insights Take advantage of every patient encounter to evaluate part of the skin. Always remind staff performing comprehensive skin assessments of the following helpful hints: Don't forget to wash your hands before doing the skin assessment and after and to use gloves.
Make sure the patient is comfortable. Minimize exposure of body parts while you are doing the skin assessment.
Ask for assistance if needed to turn the patient in order to examine the patient's backside, with a particular focus on the sacrum. Look at the skin underneath any devices such as oxygen tubing, indwelling urinary catheter, etc. Make sure to remove compression stockings to check the skin underneath them.
Action Steps Assess whether your staff know the frequency with which comprehensive skin assessment should be performed. Action Steps Assess the following: Are results of the comprehensive skin assessment easily located for all patients?
Are staff comfortable reporting any observed skin abnormalities to physicians and nurse managers? Tools A sample sheet can be found in Tools and Resources Tool 5A, Unit Log. Practice Insights Have a standardized place to record in the medical record the results of the skin assessment.
A checklist or standardized computer screens with drop-down prompts with key descriptors of the five components of a minimal skin assessment can help capture the essential information obtained through the patient examination.
Communication among licensed and unlicensed members of the health care team is important in identifying and caring for any skin abnormalities. Some places have found it effective to use a diagram of a body outline that an unlicensed heath care worker can mark with any skin changes they might see while bathing or performing care activities.
Be especially concerned about the following issues: Finding the time for an adequate skin assessment: As much as possible, integrate the comprehensive skin examination into the normal workflow.
But remember that this is a separate process that requires a specific focus by staff if it is to be done correctly. Determining the correct etiology of wounds: Many different types of lesions may occur on the skin and over bony prominences. In particular, do not confuse moisture-associated skin changes with pressure ulceration.
If unsure about the etiology of a lesion, ask someone else who may be more knowledgeable. Using documentation forms that are not consistent with components of skin assessments: Develop forms that will facilitate the recording of skin assessments.
Having staff who do not feel empowered to report abnormal skin findings: Communication among nursing assistants, nurses, and managers is critical to success.
If communication problems exist, staff development activities targeting cross-level communication skills may be in order.
Nurses and managers may need to solicit and positively reinforce such reporting if nursing assistants do not have confidence in this area.
Develop methods to facilitate communication. One example would be a sticky note pad that includes a body outline, patient name, and date. Aides would mark down any suspicious lesions and give the note to nurses. Tools An example of a notepad to be used for communication among nursing assistants, nurses, and managers can be found in Tools and Resources Tool 3C, Pressure Ulcer Identification Notepad.
Encourage staff to: Ask a colleague to confirm their skin assessments. Having a colleague evaluate the skin assessment will provide feedback as to how they are doing and will help correct documentation errors. Perform skin assessments with an expert.
Consider having an expert or nurse from another unit round with unit staff quarterly to confirm findings from the comprehensive skin assessment. Ask for clarification when they are unsure of a lesion. Take advantage of the local wound care team or other staff who may be more knowledgeable.
Use available resources to practice their ability to differentiate the etiology of skin and wound problems. Resources This slide show illustrates how to perform a skin assessment: www. Practice Insights A full-body skin inspection does not have to mean visualizing all aspects of the patient in the same time period.
When applying oxygen, check the ears for pressure areas from the tubing. If the patient is on bed rest, look at the back of the head during repositioning.
When checking bowel sounds, look into skin folds. When positioning pillows under calves, check the heels and feet using a hand-held mirror makes this easier. When checking IV sites, check the arms and elbows. Examine the skin under equipment with routine removal e.
Each time you lift a patient or provide care, look at the exposed skin, especially on bony prominences. Action Steps Ask yourself and your team: Do you have a policy about who is responsible for the risk assessment on admission and thereafter?
Does everyone know the process for performing risk assessment? Pressure ulcer risk assessment is essential for a number of reasons: It aids in clinical decisionmaking.
Many clinicians are not skilled in identifying patients at risk for developing pressure ulcers. Use of a standardized risk assessment helps to direct the process by which clinicians identify those at risk and quantify the level of this risk.
It allows the selective targeting of preventive interventions. Pressure ulcer prevention is resource intensive.
Resources should be targeted toward those at greatest risk who would most-benefit. It facilitates care planning. Care plans focus on the specific dimensions that place the patient at greatest risk. It facilitates communication between health care workers and care settings.
Workers have a common language by which they describe risk. Action Steps Ask yourself and your team: Do the unit staff understand why they are doing the risk assessment?
Are unit staff communicating the risk assessment results to all clinicians who need to know? Presence of a pressure ulcer: All patients with an existing pressure ulcer should be considered at-risk for an additional ulcer. Prior Stage III or IV pressure ulcers: When Stage III or IV ulcers close through a process of scar tissue formation and eventual epithelialization, the resulting skin is not normal as it lacks its former tensile strength and is very prone to break down again.
Hypoperfusion states: Patients who are not perfusing vital organs as a result of conditions such as sepsis, dehydration, or heart failure are also not adequately perfusing the skin.
Minimal amounts of pressure may then cause ulceration. Peripheral vascular disease: Because of the limited blood supply to the legs, these patients are predisposed to pressure ulcers of the feet, particularly the heels.
Diabetes: Patients with diabetes have consistently been shown to be at increased risk of pressure ulcers. Smoking: Smoking interferes with oxygen delivery. Smoking is associated with recurrence of pressure ulcers postsurgery and likely increases risk of new pressure ulcers.
Restraint use: Patients with physical restraints have limited mobility in addition to having pressure applied at the site of the restraints. Chemical restraints with resulting sedation may lead to rapid decline in mobility.
Spinal cord injury: Immobility, incontinence, and impaired sensation may combine to place these patients at exceptionally high risk. The level and completeness of the spinal cord injury is critical in this determination. Operating room OR and emergency room ER stays: Prolonged time on a hard surface or in one position increases the risk of skin breakdown.
This often happens in an OR or ER, with lengthy procedures, or while transporting a patient,. Always consider the length of time that the patient may need to stay in one position.
Patients who undergo a procedure longer than 4 hours are at particularly high risk. Practice Insights Comprehensive risk assessment includes both the use of a standardized scale and an assessment of other factors that may increase risk of pressure ulcer development. Action Steps Ask yourself and your team: Are we using a risk assessment tool in conjunction with the assessment of additional specific patient risk factors?
When and what kind of training did the staff receive on how to use and interpret the scales? Are risk assessment results being used as a basis for planning care? Tools Copies of the Braden and Norton scales are included in Tools and Resources Tool 3D, Braden Scale , and Tool 3E, Norton Scale.
Resources Consider the following resources for risk assessment in special populations: Palliative Care: Hunters Hill Marie Curie Centre Risk Assessment Tool.
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Home About cancer Coping with cancer Coping physically Skin problems with cancer Dealing with pressure sores sore skin Causes and prevention of pressure sores. Other names for pressure sores are bedsores, pressure ulcers and decubitus ulcers.
Several things can increase your risk of pressure sores, including: being unable to move around easily due to old age, illness, being unconscious, having a spinal cord injury or recovering from surgery weight loss - you may have less padding over bony areas sliding down in a bed or chair - pressure on the skin cuts off blood supply because the skin is being pulled in different directions called shearing friction or rubbing of the skin, for example, against sheets a poor diet lack of fluid dehydration moist skin - for example, due to sweating or incontinence thin, dry or weak skin other medical conditions, such as diabetes having had a previous pressure ulcer or having one at the moment smoking low levels of red blood cells anaemia cancer drugs, anti inflammatory drugs, steroids or blood thinners anticoagulants severe mental health problems Preventing pressure sores It is much better to prevent pressure sores than to treat them.
The following diagrams show the areas most at risk: Tips to prevent pressure sores The following tips can help to prevent pressure sores: Relieving direct pressure change position and keep moving as much as possible ask for a painkiller if you have pain and find moving position painful stand up to relieve pressure if you can ask your carer to reposition you regularly if you can't move change position at least frequently, this may be from as often as every 15 minutes to every 6 hours depending on your situation use special pressure relieving mattresses and cushions don't drag your heels or elbows when moving in your bed or chair equipment is available to help you move in bed.Back to Ulfer A Ulcer prevention measures Z. Pressure ulcers pressure sores or bed sores Electrolyte Function areas of Optimizing bone health in athletes to your skin and the tissue underneath. You Ulder a higher chance of getting them if you have difficulty moving. Pressure ulcers usually form on bony parts of the body, such as the heels, elbows, hips and tailbone. The ulcers usually develop gradually, but can sometimes appear over a few hours. They can become a blister or open wound. | <urn:uuid:ce7af93a-a9f9-4602-8b11-7b52beec886b> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://thamilan.info/noloven/10381.php | 2024-04-12T15:14:26Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.934587 | 3,935 | 4,520 |
By Denis Bright
In the absence of new leads in the bizarre poisoning cases involving the Novichok nerve agent in Britain, the intensity of reporting in the mainstream media is certainly worth encouraging. While coverage of the Novichok poisonings sells papers and on-air time in Britain, its infotainment value also helps to chip away at some long-term blind-spots in coverage of legitimate national security issues.
Opportunities to Revive Glasnost?
Mainstream media coverage of the misuse of the Novichok nerve agent has focused on the shock of the new and unexpected angles on the Novichok poisonings.
The hospitalization of Sergei Skripal and his daughter Yulia captured international attention on 4 March 2018. Weeks later, Dawn Sturgess died from exposure to Novichok. Partner Charlie Rowley has since been released from the Salisbury District Hospital.
It is a long-shot to attribute the poisonings near Salisbury to unknown Russian agents as claimed by the British government. Just a week after the first Novichok poisoning in Salisbury Prime Minister Theresa May had already rushed to judgement in the preparation of her address to the House of Commons:
It is now clear that Mr Skripal and his daughter were poisoned with a military-grade nerve agent of a type developed by Russia.
This is part of a group of nerve agents known as ‘Novichok’.
Based on the positive identification of this chemical agent by world-leading experts at the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory at Porton Down; our knowledge that Russia has previously produced this agent and would still be capable of doing so; Russia’s record of conducting state-sponsored assassinations; and our assessment that Russia views some defectors as legitimate targets for assassinations; the Government has concluded that it is highly likely that Russia was responsible for the act against Sergei and Yulia Skripal.
As a strategic stalwart within the US Global Military Alliance, Britain will always want to protect its intelligence assets at home and abroad. However, the current diplomatic disputes between Britain and Russia are occurring at a time when there are inconsistencies in US Policies towards Russia. Australia too has joined in the domino effect of diplomatic expulsions from Russian embassies worldwide. Two Russian diplomats have been asked to leave Canberra in the wake of the first Novichok poisoning incident in Britain.
Britain’s over-reaction to the poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal aligns the government of Theresa May with the most hawkish opinion in Washington.
A higher profile investigative role for the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) in the Netherlands was not encouraged after the first Novichok incident. However, the OPCW issued the following statement relating to the second poising incident in Amesbury near Salisbury on 30 June 2018:
THE HAGUE, Netherlands— 18 July 2018 —The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) received a request on 13 July from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK) for the OPCW to provide technical assistance regarding the incident in Amesbury.
In response to the request, the OPCW deployed a technical assistance team to independently determine the nature of the substance that is alleged to have resulted in the death of one person and left another person seriously ill. The OPCW team collected samples.
The samples will be sent to two OPCW designated laboratories and once the results of the analysis are received, the report will be submitted to the United Kingdom. The team completed its initial work and returned today, 18 July, from the UK.
Radio National (9 August 2018) noted that the British Government is requesting the extradition of two Russian nationals who are suspected of involvement in the first Novichok incident. The OPCW is also involved in the investigation of the second incident site at Amesbury. The prospects that Russia would volunteer the release of two of its subjects who were tracked leaving the UK is very remote.
The Times of Israel (23 April 2018) aired a less conventional interpretation of events in Salisbury weeks prior to the second Novichok incident:
Moscow has argued that the US, Britain and other Western countries acquired the expertise to make the nerve agent after the Soviet collapse. The Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, an international watchdog group that analyzed the samples in the Skripals’ poisoning, confirmed British conclusions about the identity of the toxic chemical but not its origin.
Uglev and Leonid Rink, another top scientist in the Soviet chemical weapons program interviewed by the AP, gave conflicting theories about the attack.
While Uglev said the nerve agent could have come from Russia, Rink echoed the Kremlin line, alleging British intelligence might have used a less-lethal substance and then faked the evidence to implicate Russia. Britain has denied that. Both scientists agreed, however, that it probably will never be possible to determine the nerve agent’s source …
… When Mikhail Gorbachev came to power in 1985, his political reforms and closer ties with the West led to cuts in many military programs and an array of arms control agreements. In a show of openness, authorities even organized a trip to Shikhany for Western diplomats and journalists.
Novichok-class agents were only made in lab quantities and never entered mass production, Uglev and Rink said. Uglev estimated about 100 kilograms (220 pounds) were made for research and military tests.
“It’s hard to imagine that any significant amounts could have been left anywhere, except in researchers’ personal safes, where it was allowed to keep no more than 20 grams” — less than an ounce, he said.
The British Government’s failure to give its own credible interpretation of the poisoning episodes draws attention to the contemporary roles for the Port Down Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl). It has been operating since 1916 near one of England’s tourism draw-cards at Stonehenge. Dstl is just 18-27 kms away, depending on the route chosen. It is 14 kms from Porton Down to Salisbury.
The precincts of the Dstl have a sinister history of experiments with poisonous gas and other lethal agents on both animal and human subjects in the wider interests of the defence of the British realm. Expansion of Dstl has continued long after Britain signed up to the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) in 1997. This interpretative article from Andrew Griffin in The Independent is worth reading as it covers the new defensive functions of the facility.
To their credit, Rob Evans and Sandra Laville of The Guardian assisted in the quest for justice airman Ronald Maddison. He died at Pdtl in 1953 at the age of 20 years:
The family of an airman who died in government nerve gas experiments more than 50 years ago is demanding an apology from the Ministry of Defence after an inquest ruled he had been unlawfully killed.
After one of the longest lasting cover ups of the cold war, relatives of Ronald Maddison, were yesterday given the justice they sought. They are now calling for compensation from the MoD, as are up to 550 ex-servicemen who claim they too were duped into submitting to the tests. The multiple claims could run into the millions of pounds.
Maddison, from Consett, Co Durham, was aged 20 when he collapsed and died in 1953 after liquid nerve gas was deliberately dripped on to his arm by scientists at the chemical warfare establishment at Porton Down, Wiltshire.
After a hearing which lasted 64 days the inquest jury ruled yesterday he had been unlawfully killed by the “application of a nerve agent in a non-therapeutic experiment”. The unanimous verdict, which came after years of pressure by campaigners, was greeted with cheers and tears of joy by veterans who had also been subjected to similar chemical warfare experiments.
It is worth researching a series of articles from The Guardian on the most sinister aspects of the Pdtl:
From 1945 to 1989, Porton exposed more than 3,400 human “guinea pigs” to nerve gas. It seems probable that Porton has tested more human subjects with nerve gas, for the longest period of time, than any other scientific establishment in the world. Two other nations have admitted testing nerve gas on humans: the American military exposed about 1,100 soldiers between 1945 and 1975, and Canada tested a small number before 1968. Other countries, including France, the old Soviet Union and Iraq, are also likely to have exposed humans to nerve gas, but very little is known about their tests.
The group of chemicals known as nerve gases were first developed as weapons by the Nazis before and during the second world war. German scientists discovered the potency of these organophosphorous compounds which, in tiny quantities, disrupt a key element of the nervous system.
An under-reported event are the new identities being offered to Sergei and Yulia Skripal in the USA away from the prying eyes of Russian GRU military agents:
Britain’s Sunday Times newspaper is reporting that the country is considering offering Russian former spy Sergei Skripal and his daughter new identities and a new life in the United States to protect them from further attempts on their life.
Citing unnamed sources, the report published on April 8 said officials of Britain’s Secret Intelligence Service, or MI6, have discussed the plan with their counterparts of the CIA.
The close connections between the Skripal Family and Soviet GRU military intelligence networks extended across three generations prior to the fall of the Berlin (BBC News, March 2018).
Sergei Skripal played inconsistent roles during his period in pseudo-retirement in Salisbury. On one hand he was involved in co-operation with Britain’s M16 and security firm Orbis Intelligence from his pseudo-retirement in Salisbury (Daily Mail Online 10 March 2018). However, there are suggestions that Sergei Skripal wanted continued associations with family members in Russia. Britain indeed refused to grant a visa to Yulia Skripal’s cousin Viktoria from Russia during her period of hospitalization after the poisoning incident and a video was released of her appeal to Theresa May (The Mirror, 8 April 2018).
A Synopsis of Historical Intrigues Between Britain and Russia
Today’s frosty relations between Britain and Russia only make sense in the context of a long history of diplomatic intrigues between the UK and Russia which predates the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917. At other times, Britain made opportunistic overtures to Russia that ended the League of the Three Emperors of 1873 which could have resulted in a continental military bloc that was hostile to Britain after the Franco-Prussian War.
The last Russian Czarina Alix of Hesse held the title of Empress Consort of All the Russians during the reign of Czar Nicholas II (1894-1917). The Empress was the grand-daughter of Queen Victoria and this dynastic marriage had assisted in bringing Russia back from the cold on the battlefields of Europe during the Great War (1914-18).
Britain was involved in the Crimean War (1853-56) and joined France in supporting the Ottoman Empire against Russian strategic expansion in the Black Sea Region. Britain also provocatively supported Japan during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-05.
Opposition to Russia returned with a vengeance after the Bolshevik Russia of 1917. Britain and other allied countries like Japan and the USA supported the White Armies in futile attempts to topple the Bolshevik Regime.
Australian volunteers had joined the fourteen battalions of Commonwealth troops in the North Russian Expedition of the Archangel Campaign (1918-20).
Britain did not establish initially diplomatic relations with Bolshevik Russia. Change came with the election of the Minority Labour Government of Ramsey MacDonald in December 1923. Just prior to an opportunistic early election in 1924 to seek an absolute parliamentary majority for Britain’s first Labour government, British Intelligence released the forged Zinoviev Letter with the assistance of sensational reporting in the Daily Mail.
The Zinoviev Letter falsely claimed that a future MacDonald Labour Government would deepen relations with the Soviet Government to promote the cause of Leninism in Britain and its Empire. Labour was back in the political wilderness with a loss of forty seats and did not secure its absolute parliamentary majority until 1945.
After pragmatic co-operation with Stalin during the Second World War, relations with Soviet Russia deteriorated during the Cold War. The fall of the Berlin Wall should have ended Cold War intrigues with the new Russian Confederation. NATO persisted in the extension of its influence in Eastern Europe, the Ukraine and Central Asia.
By 2007, Russia resumed its long-range air patrols in the North Sea and RAF jets were sometimes scrambled to acknowledge their presence.
Russian defector Alexander Litvineko (1962-2006) was poisoned with lethal plutonium in Britain and the assassination was attributed to the Federal Security Service (FSB) by an official British Inquiry in 2016.
NATO’s strategic expansion in the Balkans and Black Sea Region is still a work in progress:
TIRANA, Albania — The prime minister of Albania says the NATO has decided to build an air base in the country.
Prime Minister Edi Rama on Saturday wrote in his Facebook page that NATO’s North Atlantic Council, the main political decision-making body, has decided to invest 50 million euros ($58 million) “to modernize the air base in Kucove,” 80 kilometres (50 miles) south of the capital Tirana. The air base has been there for decades.
The base will serve Albania and also support NATO air supply operations, logistics support, air policing, training and exercises.
The premier also said officials are discussing with the United States on “further modernizing Albanian air capacities.”
Albania joined NATO in 2009 and still is replacing its outdated weaponry. The country lies on the Adriatic and Ionian Seas, northwest of Greece.
Opportunities to Build on Issues Raised by Populist Reporting of the Novichok Episodes?
Coverage of the Novichok incidents in Salisbury has a strong element of infotainment value. Innocent people like Dawn Sturgess are hurt when great power games go astray in a climate of international intrigue and hysteria which should be irrelevant in the post-cold war era.
Miscalculations do occur when sabre rattling gets out of control as in the downing of MH Flight 17 over Ukraine on 17 July 2014 or KAL Flight 007 over the Kurile Sea on 1 September 1983.
The unresolved incidents of Novichok poisoning near Salisbury should rightly attract ongoing media investigation:
So far, the real winner of the first incident at Salisbury has not been more objective investigation but a pledge of more funding for research laboratories at Porton Down:
UK defence secretary Gavin Williamson will on Thursday pledge an additional £48m for Britain’s defence science and technology laboratory at Porton Down, in the wake of the poisoning of a former Russian spy with a weapons grade nerve agent. The laboratory was instrumental in identifying Russia as the source of the nerve agent used to target Sergei Skripal and his daughter Yulia 10 days ago in Salisbury.
21st Century Wire Online notes the new role for Porton Down in the expansion of the Pentagon’s extensive overseas biological and chemical weapons facilities across Europe and Central Asia (28 March 2018):
The Pentagon has spent at least $70 million on military experiments involving tests with deadly viruses and chemical agents at Porton Down – the UK military laboratory near the city of Salisbury. The secretive biological and chemical research facility is located just 13 km from where on 4th March former Russian spy Sergei Skripal and his daughter Yulia were found slumped on a bench following an alleged Novichok nerve agent poisoning.
Information obtained from the US federal contracts registry reveals that the Pentagon’s Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) has funded a number of military projects performed at the UK Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl), or Porton Down, over the last decade. Among them: experimental respiratory infection of non-human primates (marmosets) with Anthrax, Ebola virus, Marburg virus, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, Western equine encephalitis virus, and Eastern equine encephalitis virus. The US Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) has also funded experiments on animals which were exposed to chemical agents such as Sulphur, Mustard and Phosgene gas.
Readers who are fortunate enough to be enjoying the current Golden Summer in Britain should consider a diversion through the leafy back roads and rideways of Wiltshire on road trips to Salisbury and nearby Stonehenge.
Australia’s minor diplomatic expulsions from Canberra in support of the British Government are a reminder of once intimate foreign policy ties with British Empire countries with enthusiastic support of both the mainstream media and wider public opinion during the Cold War era.
As a Year 5 student in 1956, I do recall that our class relished in an impromptu art exercise to bring out the colours of the latest British nuclear test in Australia to liven those black and white press images. I am not sure of the date of our art exercise.
Public opinion tolerated two major nuclear tests that year at Monte Bello Island off Broome and two at Maralinga. There were also minor trials of components of both atomic and hydrogen bombs. Major and minor nuclear weapons tests in Australia and nearby Pacific Islands which are now part of Independent Kiribati.
The British development of atomic and hydrogen bombs was consolidated by an improved delivery capacity offered by missile development in Australia.
Confidence associated with Australian involvement in perfecting weapons of mass destruction had obviously extended to primary school art classes.
All this occurred just two years after the Petrov Spy Scandal in Australia just prior to the 1954 federal election. Vladimir Petrov (1907-91), the obscure third secretary of the Soviet embassy in Canberra and his family were given sanctuary and new identities in Australia.
D notices discouraged media speculation on the whereabouts of the Petrov family, critical reporting of British atomic tests in Australia as well as the activities of the Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS) or the Defence Signals Intelligence. Curious readers should check out the advice on D Notices from the National Archives of Australia (NAA).
All this background material does not resolve the intrigue associated with the Novichok poisonings. Perhaps the stand taken by Theresa May will be justified by the release of archival documents a generation from now. In the short-term, the public should be offered more convincing explanations of the bizarre poisoning events near Salisbury while interest in the topic continues in the mainstream media.
Australians still need to be wary of any return to more intimate security and defence ties with Britain in emergent post-Brexit era at a time when Theresa May’s government is allied hawkish opinion in Washington, Israel and Saudi Arabia. In a sluggish British economy with close to zero growth rate at constant prices in per capita terms, arms exports to the Middle East Region outsell cars and luxury items in demand from political elites.
Denis Bright (pictured) is a registered teacher and a member of the Media, Entertainment and Arts Alliance (MEAA). Denis has recent postgraduate qualifications in journalism, public policy and international relations. He is interested in advancing pragmatic public policies that are compatible with contemporary globalisation. | <urn:uuid:239d1af2-c9b2-4f15-99e4-0deb7ab465bc> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://theaimn.com/britains-novichok-poisoning-incidents-opportunities-to-revive-glasnost/ | 2024-04-12T14:09:11Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.957351 | 4,002 | 4,752 |
Leave Well Enough Alone
© Copyright 2000 Sarkel. All rights reserved. My intellectual property. All rights reserved. No part or whole of this work may be copied or used in any shape, form, or manner whatsoever without the author's express written consent. Don't be afraid to ask. The bard doesn't bite...
Disclaimers: The prerequisite disclaimers.
Intellectual Property: The characters are wholly my own. Any similarities drawn between them and any persons, plants, or animals, living and dead, are figments of your imagination. However, some places and products mentioned in the story do exist.
Ratings/Language/Violence: Nothing near what youd see on TV. This story is mild by those standards. There is no sex or bad language.
If you have any feedback, suggestions, or comments, please let the bard know at [email protected] Constructive criticism is accepted.
"Gramma!" shrieked the slim, regal girl with planar cheeks and wavy coal black tresses.
Crouching over the glass crystal globe, the young girl, her dark, exotic blue eyes enraptured with awe, extended a tentative hand and began to dust off the accumulation of the past twenty years.
Frieda Kolotov heard the excited cry emanate from the basement of her small one-story brick home. Her eyes shut in despair and her face paled in fear. Her hands shook. The summons could only mean one thingshe knew that tone of voice. Swallowing and trying to compose herself, the elderly woman clenched her fists. Her granddaughter knew not to go riffling through her grandmothers things! But Frieda knew the curiosity of children, and ten-year-old Dianne was exceptionally inquisitive. She also had the gift.
Thundering footsteps clattered up the stairs.
Clutching her hand over her trembling heart, Frieda Kolotov gasped in horror as her smiling, bright, mischievous, innocent granddaughter burst through the doorway grasping the globe in her arms. "Gramma!" the child shrilled. "This is so neat! It looks just like in the movies! Can I have it? Where did you get it?"
The girl finally noticed the elderly womans distress and approached her uncertainly. "Gramma? Whats wrong?" Placing the ball on the Formica kitchen table, Diannes small, smooth hand reached over to cover her grandmothers wrinkly, liver-spotted, and shaking hand.
"I told you not to go in my things, Dianne," the elderly woman said firmly, but the terror in her quavering voice was clear and offset the firm rebuke. "There are reasons I tell you to stay out of my boxes. I told you to get the hammer, Dianne. The hammer." Friedas panicked expression gradually gave way to anger.
"Oh, gramma " Dianne explained, stammering. Her grandmother looked like an entirely different person now.
"Dianne," Frieda said through clenched teeth, barely restraining pure anger and hot, scathing tears, the hammer is on the opposite side of the basement."
"I know, gramma," Dianne whispered, cowering and breaking the tremulous contact with her grandmothers hand. Her face was completely pale, and her swirling dark eyes stood out in contrast to the snow white of her skin. "Something pulled me to the box."
"The box was under five other boxes!" was Friedas anguished wail of a response. But as hard as she tried, she could not be mad at her granddaughter. It was their fate, just as she could not bring herself to destroy the crystal ball.
"I know, gramma!" Dianne was crying now, big, fat, jolly tears that broke her grandmothers heart. "Im a bad girl!"
"No!" Frieda implored, seizing the girl, gnarly red nails driving into her shoulders. The elderly woman held onto her granddaughter for dear life, clutching the girl to her sagging, flat breast. "Dianne, youre not bad." Frieda drew back, her faded blue eyes rimmed with the redness of tears. "Sit down."
Sitting across from the girl on the couch, the grandmother fixed a serious stare upon the trembling creature. "Dianne, please listen carefully. This is a matter of life and death."
The youngster could only nod, with round, confused azure eyes.
"I havent always been retired, sweetie. I used to have a job until something awful happened."
"What did you do, gramma?"
Frieda Kolotov sighed morosely and cast her eyes down. "I broke a cardinal rule, Dianne. I told people their futures. Maybe I even killed them. The final straw was Nancy Bonheim. After that, I knew I could go on no more."
Madame Kolotov stared intently through her heavily lidded eyes at the fidgety teenage girl who had just entered her fortune-telling chambers. The older womans face was middle-aged, worn, and overly made. An inch of blue powder rested grimly on her eyelids and rude red circles blushed her scarred cheeks. She wore a shapeless blue gown, decorated with white stars. It was the same outfit she had worn for the last five years. A faded yellow turban perched atop the older womans head, holding dyed red hair firmly in place. Her spindly hands gave way to crooked black nails. Her lips retained little of the bright pink lipstick shed applied that morning. Most of it had worn off on various glasses shed drunk from during the day. As usual, she forgot to re-apply.
Madame Kolotov was silent as she observed the girl nervously glance around the small room, avoiding eye contact. The older womans working quarters were not spectacular in the least. She sat at a small, round table covered by a midnight black cloth. On this table rested a clear crystal ball, the Madames favorite working tool. The walls of the room were bare. The whole room was empty, save for the woman, the table, and the occasional visitor. The red-haired fortune teller did not like clutter, for it clouded her ability to see accurately into the future. She did not want foreign energies interfering with her special powers. She rented a small place in a somewhat seedy part of New York City. And the negative vibes she received from the busy, mindless drones in the world outside were more than enough.
Madame Kolotov squinted her alert blue eyes. The girl was pregnant. She could sense the second life form in the room, growing, flourishing. Perhaps that child was the cause of the customers obvious distress.
Growing impatient of the visitor lurking in the doorway, Madame Kolotov spoke. "Have a seat." Her voice was raspy and crackly, like a dying car.
The girl was about sixteen years old, with pale cheeks and furtive, scared green eyes. Her blond hair hung limply around her shoulders. Faded jeans and a worn green sweater comprised her outfit of choice. She hadnt developed yether breasts were little more than cherries and her hips were that of a mans. But she was pregnant. The fortune-teller wondered if her customer was aware of this fact. As the girl approached, a sense of disquiet spread through the older woman. By the time the girl was seated scant inches from the fortune-teller, Madame Kolotovs skin was prickling, every hair alert and awake.
Madame Kolotov did not know if she wanted to see into this woman-childs future. The news would not be good and the girl would blame her for simply being the messenger of bad news.
The blonde cast her gaze on the table, keeping her head demurely bowed. "I dont know what to do," she whispered. "I figured coming here would help as much as anything else." Then she peered up hopefully, apprehensively, into the weathered face of the fortune-teller. She scooted up an inch, her plastic chair squeaking against the linoleum floor.
Madame Kolotov winced as the sound reached her delicate ears. She swallowed, but met the distressed gaze squarely. "Im a professional. This isnt a fake job. Im serious about what I do. And that means I may bear bad news."
The girls white face paled even further. "I understand," she whispered. "I just want one question answered."
The girl nodded carefully, clasping her hands in her lap, her eyes enraptured by the crystal globe on the older womans table. It was just like in the movies.
"Yesterday I found out Im pregnant." She sighed mournfully, squeezing her eyes shut for a moment. "Im against abortion. I am. But I cant have this baby. And adoption I dont know. Tell me what to do, please." The girl spoke quietly, but commandingly.
Decisively, the older woman spoke. "Itll cost you $25 for one consultation. Cash up front."
"Fine," murmured the girl. She reached into her pocket, drew out a wallet and a wad of crumpled bills. Extending the palm of her hand, she offered the money to the fortune-teller.
Madame Kolotov took the bills, sliding them into the lockbox she kept under the table. Then she cleared her throat and placed her hands over the cool surface of the glass ball, allowing the heat from her palms to fill the globe.
Almost immediately, the figure of death loomed before her. Madame Kolotov stifled a gasp. Never before had she seen such a prompt and decisive answer.
The girl waited apprehensively for the verdict.
"Your daughter will kill you someday, when she is nearing adulthood."
Green eyes widened and a clammy hand covered a gaping mouth. "I dont understand," the girl murmured.
"Its all there," Madame Kolotov muttered with grave finality. "And theres nothing you can do about it. You cannot change the future."
"But but I can!" the girl exclaimed. "You said near adulthood. Well, that tells me what I need to do."
Sadly, the redhead shook her head. "You cannot alter your destiny."
"Ill get an abortion then my child wont kill me!" the girl cried, on the verge of tears.
Madame Kolotov dug her gnarly nails into her liver-spotted skin, frustrated at the customers ignorance. "You cannot change what is in the stars."
The girl noticed the fierce intensity in the other womans eyes.
"Youre a cuckoo!" the teenager scoffed. "Come on! Seeing into the future? Please!"
"Why did you come here then?" was the retort.
The girl didnt answer, but instead pushed her chair back, it screeching in complaint. "Thats really mean to say!" She turned on her heels and fled the small chamber.
Madame Kolotov stood in resignation, hand on hip. She knew itd end this way. No one wanted bad news. But she had been right. That girls child was going to kill her. Simple as that.
"You were a fortune teller, gramma?" Dianne asked, awed. "Thats so cool!"
"Not in the least, Dianne," the elderly woman murmured, her thoughts lost in the past. "I quitwent into permanent retirement twenty years ago, when Nancy Bonheim died."
"Whos that?" the girl asked, leaning in, interlocking her hands excitedly.
"That very same girl Im telling you about, sweetie," said Frieda Kolotov with a trace of sadness, of regret. Guilt perhaps.
"So she didnt get the abortion?" Dianne asked, cocking a light eyebrow.
"She got the abortion. Oh, yes, she did," whispered the older woman, her voice becoming trance-like. "And she lived many more years."
"Im lost," Dianne admitted helplessly.
Her eyes vacant, Frieda Kolotov completed the rest of the tale.
Nancy Bonheim went on to college, majored in government. She wrote for the school paper, and during an interview about student safety on campus, met and fell in love with her future husband, Robert Klein. The fortune-teller and the aborted child from years past were long gone from her mind, although the guilt about the procedure still lingered.
The frightened sixteen-year-old that Madame Kolotov had known so briefly had transformed into a beautiful, self-confident woman. Nancy Bonheim was top of the worldher brains and beauty were unparalleled and she had the perfect man at her side.
Nancy and Robert truly loved each other. They got married right after her graduation. He was a pre-med major, and Nancy worked to support him through med school, her everlasting patience saving their marriage. On their fifth wedding anniversary, Nancy gave birth to their daughter, Lauren Rose. She was the apple of her parents eye, and her mother and father bestowed every possible gift and privilege upon their child. Two years later, Daniel David was born and the family was complete.
Nancy was afraid to tell Robert about the abortion. She knew how her conservative husband felt about such issues. She loved him and did not want to lose him. But as she watched her two perfect children grow up, thrive, say their first words, she began to think about what might have been. Would her baby have looked like Danny? Probably not, since her son favored his father. Lauren, then. Lauren looked like her mother, with the same dirty blond hair and mischievous green eyes.
One night, on the tenth anniversary of the abortion, and while both her children were still quite young, Nancy broke down in her husbands arms. She told her husband about Christopher Marlowe, the boy who had coaxed her into bed. About her first time having sex. "It was horrible," Nancy wept. "Nothing like you and I are. I was so naïve and gullible then. I thought the first time couldnt get you pregnant."
"Oh, no," Robert whispered, drawing his wife into his supportive embrace. He nuzzled Nancys forehead, his beard tickling her, as she liked it. "Oh, Nan."
Robert Klein was a big, well-built man. He was a human bear. His voice was rough and his edges not quite refined, despite his educated background. He was often clumsy, but in the operating room and with his family, Robert morphed into a man at peace.
"I didnt know what to do. You know how my parents are, Robert. And Christopher said it wasnt his baby. I went to a fortune-teller. Id always had a fascination with them. But after that session no more. She said she said my baby would kill me."
Roberts eyes narrowed. "What a crock."
"I know," Nancy sniffled. "I had an abortion and Im not dead, am I? That woman oh! She made me worry for days on end." Nancy sighed, wrapping her arms around her husbands back. "I dont worry about that anymore though. I feel bad about the baby what would he or she have looked like? I dont know "
"Nan," Robert said firmly but gently, nudging his wifes chin up and meeting her tear-stained eyes. "Thats all in the past. Were in the now. We and our family. I still love you, Nancy. How could I not? I love you even more now, if thats possible."
Frieda Kolotov abruptly stopped speaking. She jerked her head back, as if she was noticing her grandchild there for the first time.
Dianne was totally enraptured in the story. "Go on, gramma," she implored.
It was like her grandmother did not hear the words. As if she was possessed, Frieda rose from her seat and shuffled to the crystal globe on the kitchen table. A tremulous index finger extended and lightly brushed the surface of the glass.
"Ah!" The elderly woman gasped in anguished pain, like the glass had burned her. "Oh, it hurts."
Dianne joined her grandmother, but all eyes were on the ball as a cloud of black billowy smoke, as thick and as dark as a Halloween midnight, spread inside. "Gramma!" Dianne whispered, clutching her grandmothers forearm.
"Oh, no," Frieda Kolotov whispered.
Transfixed, Dianne watched the events of years past occur right before her eyes. She saw Nancy Bonheim die.
Nancy and Robert were at the cusp of middle age. They were growing portly and comfortable, but remained madly in love with each other. They made plans and more plans for the future, for their children.
The day of Laurens sixteenth birthday was a proud occasion for the family. It fell on a Thursday, and Nancy was all too happy to miss work and to let her daughter cut that afternoon of school while they went to get her drivers license.
She let Lauren lead the way home. Nancy was so proud of hershe was such a good daughter, such a careful and cautious driver.
But she was also young and inexperienced. Nancys work briefcase was on the floor in front of her. She suddenly remembered a paper in there she wanted to show her daughter. Bending over, Nancy struggled with the clasps of the satchel and finally snapped the stubborn restraints open.
Lauren Rose Klein, her blond hair pulled into a ponytail, was approaching a green stoplight at 55 miles per hour. The light quickly shifted into yellow. She was plagued with indecision. The teenager glanced to her mother for help, but she was otherwise occupied. "Whatever," she muttered under her breath and pressed the gas. She had time.
Dianne flinched as she witnessed the scene before her. Lauren Klein had erred badly, very badly. She careened through the stoplight a full two seconds after it turned red.
The crash was sickening. Frieda Kolotov was unable to peel her eyes from the scene. "See " she whispered to her granddaughter.
"But thats the wrong child," Dianne countered weakly.
Nancy Bonheim lived long enough for one last exchange with her only daughter.
She held her mothers head in her jeaned lap, sobbing hysterically as screaming sirens came closer.
In death, Nancy Bonheim could only see the irony of it all. Her face horribly disfigured, her teeth littering the car seats, the dying woman managed a giggle.
Lauren Rose Klein thought it was the scariest sight of her life.
Blood gurgled from her mothers mouth and the teenager strained to hear her words. "My daughter will kill me someday nearing adulthood."
"I didnt mean it, mom," the girl implored pathetically.
Nancy laughed, causing a ball of blood from her chest to spew out of her mouth. The red material splattered on her daughters fair, freckled features. "You fool. You were destined to kill me," Nancy hissed, then fell silent as death rattled through her body.
Lauren Rose Klein was numb. She would remain numb for as long as she lived.
The crystal globe filled again with the black smoke.
"I found out on the evening news," said Frieda Kolotov in a hushed monotone. "As soon as I saw her picture I knew. I was right. I predicted her daughter would kill her."
Dianne was speechless. She could not absorb the information.
"That was the final straw. I went into retirement that very moment. I shoved this crystal ball far, far back into hiding and into the furthest recesses of my mind. I dared not set eyes on it until today."
"What happened to that girl, gramma?" Dianne wanted to know. "What will happen to her?"
Frieda shook her head. "I am too frightened to find out. I swore to never practice my magical powers again."
"But youre now," Dianne protested. "Lets see what happened to her!"
"No. Well destroy this globe now. Now! I should have done this years ago."
"Gramma!" Dianne cried. "But this is so neat!"
"Dianne Ruth!" Frieda screamed. "Didnt you learn a valuable lesson here?"
Dianne shrunk back. "Youre right," she conceded. "Im sorry." Her eyelids fluttered, and her grandmothers concerns seemed to be assuaged somewhat.
But the ball! It was so tempting. Dianne reached out and covered the ball with her slender fingers, caressing the globe sensually. Frieda watched in horror as her granddaughter was filled with evil, pure evil. Diannes blue eyes narrowed malevolently as she scrutinized her future.
And then she watched herself die.
"No!" Frieda wailed plantatively. "No, Dianne! Stay away from that evil!"
"Gramma!" the girl shrieked. "I wanna seeeeeeee!"
"No!" the elderly woman gasped, seizing the sphere from her granddaughters possessive clutches.
Dianne let out a growl and sunk her teeth into her grandmothers paunchy flesh, wrestling for control of the prized globe.
Frieda bellowed in anguished pain and roared in rage. Recessing into an animal, the old woman slammed the ball into her slight granddaughters heaving chest.
Dianne collapsed to the floor, her head ramming against the side of the kitchen counter. She groaned in pain from the wound and as broken shards of glass, sharper than knives, slit her fair skin and sliced through her skull, beginning the process of her death.
"Oh my God " Frieda could only stare as life drained out of the little girl. "My Dianne " The grandmother fell to her knees, collecting the dying girl in her arms.
"Gramma " the girl mustered.
"Dianne, Dianne," Frieda wept as her granddaughter died in her arms. "You just cannot change what is in the stars."
With the solemn proclamation, Frieda Kolotov wrapped her shaking, old fingers around a handsome piece of glass and brought it to her throat. Closing her eyes, the elderly woman did what she had to do, and her lifeless body took its place next to her granddaughters still form. Only then did the tormented expression on her face that had plagued her for years finally disappear, replaced by a sense of tranquility.
Lauren Rose Klein had never felt so helpless in her life. Her husband was abandoning her, taking their boys with him. She was lost. She needed guidance desperately. Her whole life was just falling apart.
Walking alone in the wee hours of morning, on the desolate streets of New York City, hands stuffed in his pockets, Lauren saw the bright yellow neon lights from afar. MADAME KOLOTOVS FORTUNETELLING! FIND OUT ABOUT YOUR FUTURE HERE!
Lauren thought about it then shrugged. Why not? It was as good an option as any. She tucked a strand of blond hair behind an ear.
Striding to the small building a half-block away, ignoring the sleeping forms of several homeless people here and there, the fair-skinned woman arrived at the fortune-telling salon in no time at all.
The woman who awaited Lauren Rose Klein looked to be barely over eighteen. Dark waves spilled from her head, and her blue eyes were sad and solemn. "Ive been expecting you," she said. "Youre right on time."
Lauren laughed, quickly absorbing the fortune-tellers tall and lithe frame. "You almost had me there for a minute. Sure, sure." She waved her hand dismissively. "What do I have in my pocket here?" she asked, patting her left trouser pocket.
"Your wedding ring," said Dianne Kolotov. "Because your husband left you. He took the children. He does not love you anymore."
Laurens mouth formed an o but she quickly recovered. "Lucky guess."
"Perhaps," Dianne conceded. "Perhaps so. Come, sit down." But she was grave and unsmiling, and her eyes were haunted.
Lauren grunted and slid her small frame onto the wobbly wooden chair. Fastening her eyes on the crystal goblet that sat on the table, she whistled admiringly. "Fancy ball you have there."
"Dangerous, too. Very dangerous," said Dianne Kolotov. "For you cannot change what is prescribed in the stars."
"Uh-uh," Lauren replied, somewhat doubtfully.
"Lauren Rose Klein, are you ready to know your future?"
"Yep," the small woman said. "Im ready."
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Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act Alliance Update
United for a Barrier-Free Ontario for All People with Disabilities
Please Tell the Federal Government if You Support the AODA Alliance’s Finalized brief to the Parliament of Canada, that Requests Amendments to Bill C-81, the Proposed Accessible Canada Act
September 28, 2018
Here’s a quick and easy way to have your say! The AODA Alliance has just submitted its finalized brief to the Parliament of Canada on Bill C-81, the proposed Accessible Canada Act. Our brief asks Parliament to make a series of amendments to the bill, in order to make it a strong, effective and good law. It is the result of months of work.
Please let Parliament and the Federal Government know if you support our brief. If you are really busy, just a one-sentence email to them, would help. We give you the email addresses to use, below.
For example you might say the following, either as an individual, or on behalf of an organization that you can speak for:
“I’m writing to support the brief which the Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act Alliance has submitted on September 27, 2018 to the Parliament of Canada that recommends improvements to Bill C-81, the proposed Accessible Canada Act.”
Of course, if you want, you should also add any additional information about Bill C-81 you might wish to share, including anything we did not say in our brief.
We recommend that you send an email to:
That is the email address for the Standing Committee on Human Resources, Skills and Social Development and the Status of Persons with Disabilities:
Sixth Floor, 131 Queen Street
House of Commons
Ottawa ON K1A 0A6
You should also address your email to the minister who is championing this bill, the Honourable Carla Qualtrough, Minister for People with Disabilities. You can email her at:
Please also copy the AODA Alliance on your email, so we know who has voiced their support for us. Email us at:
You can download the AODA Alliance’s September 27, 2018 finalized brief on Bill C-81, the proposed Accessible Canada Act, by clicking here:
Download the text of Bill C-81 at First Reading in Parliament by visiting:
Things are moving quite fast with Bill C-81. This week, Bill C-81 passed Second Reading in the House of Commons. We will have more to report to you on what was said during Second Reading debates in an upcoming AODA Alliance Update.
We anticipate that Bill C-81 will be coming quite soon before the Standing Committee of the House of Commons for public hearings. We have applied to appear at those hearings. Our brief will be the basis of our presentation.
We hope our brief will also help others who present to the Standing Committee, and that as many as possible will support and endorse our brief, in addition to any recommendations that they choose to bring forward. Feel free to make use of, and even cut and paste from our brief, as much as you want!
Below, we set out a five-page summary of the brief. Our brief is quite detailed. This is because Bill C-81 is itself over 100 pages long, and quite complicated.
For each issue we identify in the brief, we explain what the issue is, and quote the relevant part of the bill. We explain our concerns, and make concrete recommendations on how to address those concerns.
At the end of the brief is an appendix. It gathers together in one place all the recommendations set out in the brief. Each recommendation in the appendix has one, two or three *s next to it. These are meant to signal the priority level of each recommendation. All our recommendations are, of course, important.
This brief builds on the AODA Alliance’s preliminary analysis of the bill which we raced to make public the day after the bill was tabled in Parliament. It also builds on the draft brief which we made public on August 3, 2018, in order for one and all to send us their feedback and suggestions. It builds on the Discussion Paper on the promised national accessibility law that we made public two years ago, and on which we received very helpful feedback.
This brief includes almost all of the contents that were in our August 2, 2018 draft brief. A few topics and details were added as a result of our further research and feedback that we received on our August 2, 2018 draft brief.
We are very indebted to all who have shared their input now and in the past. It has really helped with this major project. We want to especially thank the ARCH Disability Law Centre. As ARCH developed its own analysis of the bill, we and ARCH exchanged our drafts in progress, and shared our feedback. This helped improve all our efforts.
We hope that disability organizations and others across Canada will find our ideas helpful. Please circulate our brief and encourage others to support it, using the contact information we set out above.
Do you want to learn the steps a bill like Bill C-81 must go through to get through Canada’s Parliament and become a law? Check out the AODA Alliance’s introductory guide for beginners on how a law gets through Parliament.
Summary of the AODA Alliance’s September 27, 2018 Brief on Bill C-81, the Proposed Accessible Canada Act
We congratulate the Federal Government for committing in 2015 to pass a national accessibility law, and for introducing Bill C-81 in Parliament in June 2018 for First Reading. This bill is quite a good start. It contains a number of important ingredients. It embodies a number of the ideas that we shared with the Federal Government during its two-year public consultation. It shows a serious effort by the Federal Government to craft constructive legislation.
However, the bill has substantial deficiencies that need significant improvement. These improvements are all readily achievable within the bill’s overall framework. We certainly don’t ask the Federal Government to start again from scratch.
With the amendments proposed in this brief, this bill can be turned into good legislation. Without those amendments, it will not be sufficient to achieve its important goals. The need for these improvements to this bill does not take away from the fact that the Federal Government is commended for bringing this bill forward, and for including in it a number of the core components that it did.
We look forward to working with the Federal Government and with all parties in Parliament to get the bill improved through the debates and hearings process. We strongly urge Parliament to hold robust, open, nation-wide, travelling legislative hearings on this bill, where people with disabilities and all Canadians can offer ideas for improvements.
b) Helpful Features in the Bill
This bill’s good and promising features include the following:
It is good that by its title, this bill aims to create an accessible and barrier-free Canada for people with disabilities.
The bill endeavours to broadly define the key terms “disability” and “barrier.”
The bill establishes several important new officials and agencies to achieve its goal. This includes a new Accessibility Commissioner to enforce the bill in part, a new federal Canadian Accessibility Standards Development Organization (CASDO) to create model accessibility standards that the Federal Government can choose to enact as enforceable federal regulations, a new Chief Accessibility Officer to advise and report on progress and needed improvements, and a minister to be responsible for certain key functions under the bill.
The bill allows for the development of non-binding accessibility standards, which can guide federally or provincially regulated organizations. It allows for the enactment of these standards, either “as is” or with modifications. When enacted, these would become enforceable regulations, that are binding on organizations that the Federal Government can regulate.
The bill aims to provide effective enforcement and for the public accountability of obligated organizations for accessibility efforts, including a formal complaint process. It also provides for legislative and Independent Reviews of the bill’s effectiveness over a period of years.
The bill includes a regime for federally-related organizations to create multi-year accessibility plans and to update these over a period of years.
c) Areas Where the Bill Needs Improvement
The bill’s deficiencies, needing correction by amendments, include the following:
The bill’s “purpose clause” is too weak. It falls well short of the goal proclaimed in the bill’s title. The purpose clause only seeks the “progressive realization,” of a barrier-free Canada. It does not set a much-needed specific deadline for reaching full accessibility, something the Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act commendably has. This means that under this bill, people with disabilities could face the prospect of disability accessibility barriers for the indefinite future.
The bill’s well-intended definitions of “disability” and “barrier” are too narrow.
The bill gives the Federal Government and various accessibility agencies a set of helpful powers to promote accessibility. However, it does not impose any duty on them to use those powers, or any mandatory time lines for the major implementation steps that the Government must take to get this bill effectively implemented. For example, the bill commendably empowers the Government to create accessibility standards or regulations. However, it wrongly does not require the Government to ever make any accessibility regulations. Moreover, it wrongly splinters power to make enforceable accessibility regulations over more than one governmental body. This threatens to create a patchwork of confusing and potentially inconsistent if not contradictory accessibility regulations.
The bill wrongly splinters the important power to enact binding and enforceable accessibility standard regulations among three federal bodies, the Federal Cabinet, the Canada Transportation Agency (CTA) and the Canada Radio, Television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) All power to enact accessibility standard regulations should be assigned to the Federal Cabinet.
The bill wrongly splinters enforcement and implementation in a confusing way over a number of different public enforcement agencies, rather than providing people with disabilities with the simple, easy-to-navigate, one-stop enforcement process that they need. This wasteful duplication will slow and weaken the bill’s effective implementation, and risks inconsistent and unpredictable enforcement. It unfairly makes it harder for people with disabilities to get effective enforcement of the bill. They risk being unfairly shuffled back and forth from one federal enforcement agency to another.
For example, the bill wrongly leaves enforcement for broadcasting and telecommunications to the CRTC and for transportation to the CTA. It does so despite the CRTC’s and CTA’s inadequate track records on enforcing accessibility over many years.
Each of the Accessibility Commissioner, the CRTC and the CTA will have to get regulations enacted to cover very similar topics. This duplication again risks inconsistencies, even further delays, and the real possibility that some sectors of the economy will have these regulations ready for them before other sectors. It unfairly burdens the disability community to lobby each of these different public oversight agencies on the same issues in these duplicative regulations.
The bill unjustifiably gives various public bodies sweeping, unnecessary, unjustified and unaccountable powers to exempt any or all obligated organizations from a number of important of their accessibility obligations under the bill.
The bill helpfully requires obligated organizations to establish accessibility plans, but does not require them to be good plans. It does not require an obligated organization to implement its accessibility plan. It does not provide people with disabilities with an avenue to lodge complaints against an organization if it has a deficient plan, or no plan at all. It also requires some obligated organizations, namely transportation organizations, telecommunications organizations and broadcasts, to make two sets of plans at the same time, and gives different federal oversight agencies mandates over each of these plans. This confusing and convoluted approach will weaken the bill’s implementation, by unnecessarily making it more complex and confusing.
The bill unnecessarily delays some important duties of obligated organizations, and the corresponding rights of people with disabilities, until certain technical regulations are passed. If those regulations are not passed, obligated organizations won’t have those important duties. Thus, the disability community would have to lobby various federal entities, possibly for years, to get all those regulations passed.
The bill does not effectively ensure that the Federal Government will use all its levers of readily-available power to promote accessibility across Canada. For example, it does not require the Federal Government to ensure that federal money is never used by any recipient of those funds, to create or perpetuate disability barriers, e.g. when federal money contributes to new or renovated infrastructure, or when it is used for federal loans, grants or transfer payments.
The bill commendably has some public accountability requirements for key public organizations or offices that have implementation and enforcement duties, and for obligated organizations. However, these are too weak. Both the Federal Government’s accessibility agencies and obligated organizations should have broader public accountability requirements regarding accessibility.
The bill gives too much power to the federal Cabinet to make regulations. This allows a future Government to weaken or largely gut this bill by mere amendments to regulations, without ever having to bring a bill before Parliament and to publicly debate and vote on such plans.
Several needed ingredients are missing from the bill. This includes, for example, needed provisions on the Federal Government in relation to Indigenous People, and on federal duties to review all federal laws for accessibility issues, to ensure federal elections are accessible to voters and candidates with disabilities, and to ensure that the Federal Government itself operates as a model of an accessible employer and service-provider.
d) Recommended Amendments
This brief recommends that the bill be amended to do such things as the following:
- To set the bill’s purpose as achieving a barrier-free Canada by a date the bill will fix, in so far as the Federal Government and Parliament can do so.
- To specify that the Federal Government as a whole is responsible for leading Canada to the goal of accessibility, in so far as the Federal Government has constitutional authority to do so.
- To ensure that the bill’s definitions of “disability” and “barrier” are broad and inclusive.
- To ensure that the bill reaches the actions of all organizations that the Federal Government and Parliament can reach, including any recipients of federal money and all operations within Parliament.
- To impose specific duties and implementation time lines on the Federal Government, and on specified public officials and agencies, regarding their roles to implement and enforce the bill. For example, the Federal Government should have a duty to enact and enforce all the accessibility standard regulations needed to achieve the bill’s purpose.
- To consolidate all the power to make accessibility standard regulations in the federal Cabinet, rather than splintering this power among other federal agencies, beyond the federal Cabinet.
- To consolidate all of the bill’s enforcement in the Accessibility Commissioner, rather than it being splintered among several federal regulatory agencies. If not consolidated, then remove duplicative regulation-making requirements to ensure consistent implementation and enforcement across all accessibility enforcement agencies.
- To ensure that key bodies responsible for the bill’s oversight, such as CASDO and the Chief Accessibility Officer, are fully and effectively independent of the Government, and are seen by the public to be independent.
- To strengthen the mandates of CASDO, the Accessibility Commissioner and the Chief Accessibility Officer.
- To strengthen the openness of the standards development process under the bill, while ensuring that people with disabilities have effective input into accessibility regulations that the Federal Cabinet enacts.
- To remove from the bill, or drastically reduce and constrain the sweeping and unnecessary powers to exempt obligated organizations from certain obligations under the bill.
- To ensure that obligated organizations’ accessibility plans are good plans, and to ensure that they are implemented and enforceable.
- To require that obligated organizations each only have to make one accessibility plan at a time, which will be overseen by the Accessibility Commissioner.
- To remove preconditions in the bill that require that certain duties of obligated organizations do not come into effect until and unless certain regulations are enacted.
- To increase duties to make public key information on accessibility on a timely basis.
- To reduce the power of the Federal Cabinet and key accessibility enforcement agencies to make regulations, especially where regulations could weaken or gut the bill.
- To speed up the requirements for future reviews of this bill by Parliament and by an Independent Review which the Federal Government will appoint.
- To require the Federal Government to focus specific efforts to address its special responsibilities in relation to Indigenous People with disabilities.
- To guarantee that in the case of conflicting legal provisions, the strongest accessibility law always prevails.
- To ensure that nothing in the Act, or in its regulations or in any actions taken under it shall reduce in any way any rights which people with disabilities enjoy under law.
- To require the Federal Government to review all its statutes and regulations for accessibility barriers.
- To enforceably require that no public money can be used to create or perpetuate barriers against people with disabilities, e.g. money spent on procurement, infrastructure, grants, loans or transfer payments.
- To require the Federal Government to use all other readily-available levers of power to advance the goal of accessibility.
- To require that whenever a federal statute or regulation confers a discretionary power on any federal public official, department or agency, that decision-maker shall take into account, in its exercise, its impact on accessibility for people with disabilities.
- To require the Federal Government to ensure that federal elections become barrier-free for voters and candidates with disabilities.
- To include effective measures to ensure that the Federal Government becomes a model accessible workplace and service-provider.
- To require the Federal Government to develop and implement a plan to ensure that all federally-operated courts (e.g. the Supreme Court of Canada and Federal Courts), and federally operated regulatory tribunals (like the CRTC and Canada Transportation Agency) become accessible. | <urn:uuid:c24faeb5-ed93-4167-a2d0-5a31e009679a> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.aodaalliance.org/whats-new/please-tell-the-federal-government-if-you-support-the-aoda-alliances-finalized-brief-to-the-parliament-of-canada-that-requests-amendments-to-bill-c-81-the-proposed-accessible-canada-act/ | 2024-04-12T14:27:37Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.933395 | 3,745 | 4,195 |
Pick The Right Outfit
What should you wear on a yacht rental in Miami? There is no set rule most depend on the time of year, location, and comfort level. The most common apparel worn on a yacht is summer clothing such as bathing suits, shorts, skirts, light-colored shirts, and t-shirts. If you intend to spend a substantial amount of time on the beach, in the sun, or the sea, ensure that you pack clothes that keep you cool throughout the day. When going ashore for dining and visiting certain places, you might want to ditch the swimwear and opt for a more dressed-up look. To keep the energy classy yet casual, make sure that you pack summer dresses, linen or cotton trousers, collared shirts, and more.
When Is The Best Time To Visit Miami
Miami can be enjoyed all year round! But the best time to visit is from March to May as there are fewer visitors and daily temperatures remain warm.
From June to August, Miami is at its most humid and rainiest. There remains a possibility of rain and tropical storms from September to November. And from December to February, it is Miamis peak season with many tourists and higher accommodation prices.
Sailboat Rental Costs In Miami
Sailboat rentals in Miami are a great way to enjoy your time on the water. Whether you’re looking for something adventurous or more relaxing, there’s a sailboat rental in Miami that can accommodate your needs.
Miami sailboat rentals are available at several locations throughout the city, including Haulover Sandbar. You can rent a sailboat by the hour or day, depending on what works best for you and your group
The average cost of a sailboat rental in Miami is between $600/day and $1,800/day.
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How To Rent A Boat In Miami With Sailme
sail.mes advanced boat booking platform allows you to browse through numerous private and exclusive listings. We are fully operational on mobile and desktop, so you can check charter prices and availability, rent a boat, and manage your reservation on the go.
On the site and app, you can rent various types of top-rated motorboats, luxury yachts, sailboats, catamarans, and even pontoons. Thats right, sail.me has a vessel for every enthusiast out there! Use our detailed filters to sort the boats out and find the ones that match your expectations, without breaking the bank.
Once you have selected a boat charter available for your dates, its time to book your dream boat. Go check out the add-on features of your favorite Miami boat rental to personalize your booking and get the experience of a lifetime. Proceed to payment through our secure gateway and your reservation will be confirmed shortly after.
Sounds good? Ready. Sail. Go.
What Are Popular Boats To Rent For The Bay Or Ocean In Miami Fl
Cabin Cruisers. These are spacious cruise boats that can accommodate your family. They are built for the ocean to give you an authentic ocean experience. They can cover long mileage and enable you to enjoy the ocean view and adventures.
Sailboat. These are an excellent option to cruise an ocean by and have a good experience in the sea.
Luxury motorboats. These are of a top-notch design that brings comfort to the sea. As you cruise the ocean at your choosing speed, you get exposed to a fair and relaxing atmosphere in the boat.
What are popular boats to rent for lakes?
Pontoon boat. These boats are very spacious and are an excellent way to enjoy the view of the sea with your comrades or family.
Bow-rider boat. These boats are spacious, with a capacity of around eight people. They are popular in the boating world and are guaranteed to give you an unforgettable experience in the ocean.
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How Is The Weather And Sailing Conditions In Miami
Typically, Miamis weather is blissful year round and beats all other mainland US destinations when it comes to warm winters. The winter temperatures average approx. 75°F to 77°F and during the nighttime, the temperature averages 60°F . This tends to be the norm during the winter, though daytime temperatures have been known to exceed 80°F !
Summertime temperatures range in the 90°Fs with plenty of humidity, too. Watch out for June and September which are subject to lots of showers! Though the rain isn’t something that should put you off from a boat rental, as the intermittent sunshine of Miami dries you out quickly in case you want to swim during your boat adventure!
The wind is light and breezy in the summertime, though from autumn to spring, there is an eastward-flowing cycle. Usually, it tends to complete its full cycle within three to four days. This pattern usually repeats itself throughout the winter season.
The Best Boat Rentals In Miami Fl
Do you want to rent a boat in the Miami area? Look no further. With an abundance of affordable and luxurious boat rental options, sail.me is here to help you find the boat of your dreams. Browse through hundreds of yachts and boats, and discover some of the top-rated and most exquisite boat charters on the Florida coast.
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See Our Yelp Yacht Charter Reviews
Best yacht charter in Miami! Offers an extensive list of services including jet skis, personal chefs, and bottle service! The best part is you get a steal for your money!
/ Customer Rating
The host was great. Beautiful experience being on a yacht for the first time with some friends and myself. I recommend this charter if youre trying to experience something new! Water was beautiful the weather was great. Jet skis are available upon request. Catering is an option. We had a seafood boil which was delicious!! Enjoyed every minute of it. Thanks for having us hopefully well be back for another adventure.
Henry N. / Customer Rating
The day of my charter, I got there a little early as instructed, and was greeted by an extremely friendly captain and an immaculate yacht. When I tell you this was the nicest yacht Ive ever been on, that is an understatement. Beautiful hardwood floor, state of the art sound system, and the best lighting on any yacht in the water Yacht Maryam did not miss in any way! The stew was also super friendly and took care of all my needs as fast as they could. They offered us a personal chef as well, and he was absolutely incredible!!! 5 start meals being cooked while we were enjoying the Miami views, theres just nothing like it.
Kush P. / Customer Rating
Great service! the crew was amazing and so is the owner, we had the best day ever and will definitely going out on the water again with them! Thank you
Fishing Trips In Miami
We’ve compiled a list of our favorite fishing boat rentals in Miami. Enjoy a day or a half day on the waters in your favorite boat and relax and unwind.
For more information, simply click on the boat you’d like to know more about and you’ll be taken to more photos, rental availability, booking, capacity, etc.
These boats are some of the highest rated in Miami to rent so you have peace in mind knowing you aren’t renting something of bad quality.
You can also check out reviews from others who have rented these out and can book instantly in most cases.
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Pay Boat Gas And Taxes Online Captain On The Dock
You decide what you want to do when you rent boat! No set tours, no imposed route. Boat Captain is your private chauffeur.
Vessel fuel is included at check-out as a $25 fee on top of the displayed price. No bad surprise at the gas pump when you rent boat!
Pick your captain from our list. Cost not included at check-out. Captain portion paid at boat docks. Cost from $35/hr
Scuba Diving & Snorkeling
When you charter or rent a boat, you get countless opportunities to have fun and discover the beauty of the underwater world. Just envision yourself swimming along with the aquatic fauna at the dazzling Florida reef. There is no wonder why so many enthusiasts find themselves in search of the most spectacular diving spots in Miami.
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Miami Yacht Rental Prices: How Much `is It To Rent A Yacht In Miami
Yachts in general are not quite affordable. And even though yachting is the best way to explore Miami waters, when it comes to Miami yacht rental prices, you are probably wondering if it is worth renting a yacht in Florida. Even a small one.
The answer is yes, a small yacht rental could make your Miami boating trip unforgettable! And on top of that, you get to experience a taste of luxury and enjoy leisure sailing, without breaking the bank.
How much to rent a yacht in Miami: small yachts
Even though small yachts do not stand out with extra space, they are perfect for small groups and could end up being relatively affordable. A small yacht rental in Miami starts from $1,500 for a half-day offshore to $3,000 for a full day.
Note that in summer, yachting in Miami is at its peak, so you may notice price variations when tourism is at its high. The same goes for weekends and public holidays when the demand for yachts is huge.
A small boat is still a boat, and it allows you to enjoy on-the-water activities on a budget. No extra costs, no going over budget. From indulging in the angling hobby in the fishing areas to sailing along the Miami Intracoastal waterway and the Atlantic coast – a small boat is a great choice for good weather.
How much does it cost to rent a yacht in Miami: large yachts
If you want to rent a large boat in Miami, prices start at around $600 per day. This sum is estimated and just like with small boats, it could vary depending on multiple renting factors.
Boating Tours & Sightseeing In Miami
From the coral reefs of Biscayne Bay to the meandering marshes of the Everglades, you will find plenty of waterways to explore during your boating vacation in Miami. on the water is a special way to see this waterfront city. Marvel at the skyscrapers of Downtown, cruise to quiet islands, or party at the sandbar.
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Weather In South Florida
Of course, you should keep in mind the weather when planning your experience on the water. Miami is the ideal location for a yacht charter while on vacation because of the incomparable weather. With winters ranging in the 70°s and summers in the 90°s, theres no wrong time to visit. But while the climate is typically mild and blissful, pay attention to the weather forecast leading up to your trip. If youre traveling to South Florida in the cooler months of the year, be sure to pack some layers to wear while on your sailing trip, especially if you plan to go sailing in the evening. If youre traveling during the summer months, remember to take extra precautions when it comes to sun care, and keep in mind the high chance of showers.
When planning to rent a boat in Miami, you should also pay attention to the wind patterns, which can vary from light and breezy in the summer to slightly stronger throughout the rest of the year. Dress accordingly if you plan to travel during those months. The wind shouldnt have much of an affect on your time on the water as long as you prepare yourself for what to expect while out on your charter.
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Want To Go Boating In Miami
Aquarius Boat Tours and Rental offers the best boat tours in Miami.
The best party boats and cruises in Miami! Boat tour customers get to enjoy boating on our new and beautiful boats.
We welcome everyone! Boat parties, 2-hour cruises, 4-hour cruises, private boat tours, sandbar cruises, we have something for everybody.
Unmatched Miami Tour Agency! Aquarius Boat Tours and Rental allows up to 6 passengers per boat with no additional costs. Gas and captained are to be paid separately but all fees are ALWAYS disclosed upfront. Dont have any bad surprises with your Boat tour!
Relax and spend the day boating on Biscayne Bay in Miami, Florida! Boat tours are available every day and are easy to book.
Rent a boat from Aquarius Boat Tours and Rental. South Floridas most convenient boat tour agency in Miami. Learn how to drive a boat, bring your captain or choose from our list, sight-see, and explore Miami from your unforgettable boat tour! Private cruise in Biscayne Bay boating with our boat tours. Miami skyline to admire as you ride on our boats. Go boating and discover Miamis marine wildlife. Your perfect private boat tour along the coastline or boating to Islands in Biscayne Bay. Explore sandbars and anchor there with our complimentary floating mat and other water toys in Biscayne Bay.
Boat Captains are always ready to handle the most creative tours, explorations, and/or Island beach parties.
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Why Choose Miami Boat Charters For Your Next Yacht Rental
If you are still wondering which yacht rental to select and which yacht rental company you should work with to get the best experience, look no further than Miami Boat Charters. We supply the biggest and newest selection of fully crewed Boat Charters, Luxury Yacht Rentals, and Party Boats in Miami Beach. With our experience in private, corporate, and special occasion charters, you will not need to worry about the small details as we take care of them.
Select from a wide selection of styles and sizes, ranging from 70 Luxurious Boats to 220 Mega Yachts. The most wonderful part about renting a Yacht from Miami Boat Charters is our highly experienced and trained Captains, who have an extensive understanding of the Islands. They can take you to their favourite spots that are not easily accessible. Experience luxury and exclusivity and make it an experience youll never forget. To learn more, drop us a mail at or give us a call at .
Choose The Correct Luggage
When packing for a yacht rental in Miami, the first thing you need to pay attention to is the luggage itself. Opt for soft-sided luggage to carry in your trip as it folds away conveniently. Luggage, such as your hard shell suitcase, tends to take up too much space. Packing all your essentials in duffel bags can take care of that issue. Hard shell suitcases can also damage and scratch the high-quality paint and woodwork on the yacht.
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Explore Boat Rental Options In Miami
Want to charter a luxury yacht but dont know where to start? Weve got you covered. There are a few areas to choose for your sailing experience: Miami Beach, Downtown Miami, Key Biscayne, Haulover Sandbar, and Coconut Grove.
The type of rentals available can vary from location to location, but you can expect anything from catamarans, sailboats, party boats and, of course, motor yacht charters. Use our advanced filters to find the vessel that best fits your style and expectations.
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Best Tips For Renting A Boat In Miami
Type of boat, equipment on board, safety equipment, insuranceRenting a boat is particularly enjoyable when you want to sail away, explore wild creeks or get away from the hustle and bustle of the tourists. If you are looking at renting a boat in Miami, its better to know a few tricks before you set off. Aquarius Boat Tours and Rental, a Miami boat tour and boat rental specialist, is happy to share with you 6 tips for a safe and relaxing boat rental experience.
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The Best Miami Boat Rental Services
Find the best boat rentals in Miami. Rent 20 foot Miami bow rider boats. Miami rentals allow 8 guests per boat. Rentals come fully loaded with seats, built-in coolers and shades. Stern drives with open bow area.
Miami Rent Boat lets you be your own captain in Miami. Rent a boat to drive and enjoy! Visit sandbars with a private boat rental. Rent boats for the day in Miami, Florida.
Miami Boat Rentals:
Protect Yourself From The Sun
When you are going on a yacht rental in Miami, you do not want to return home with a severe sunburn. The tropical sun, the sea breeze, the waters reflection, and the bright white surfaces can add to the sunburn. One thing you must not forget to carry is a high SPF. Apart from that, it would help if you also protect yourself from the sun with the help of sunglasses, hats, and long-sleeved clothing. You should also avoid bringing tanning oil as teak decks, and cushions can be stained with them.
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Hourly Miami Boat Rental Services
Rental options for boaters, boating Miami… You can go boating for one hour, two hours or more. Get half-day boat rentals and full-day boat rentals at a discount! Everything is included in the price of the boats for rent. The longer you rent a boat, the bigger the discount when renting.
- Drive a boat, with 8 People riding boat!
- Gas, Water & Ice are Included on boats.
Miami Hourly Boating Options:
boatingDrive a boat
When Is The Best Time For Yacht Rentals In Miami
There are two main time periods that are considered a good time to go sailing in Miami for different reasons.
In general, is a good time to go as it is in these months that Miami experiences its best weather. During these months, there is a lot of sunshine and a low chance of rain, making the conditions ideal for renting a yacht.
However, early November to the start of December is also a good time to go as this period is typically the least busy and also the cheapest. If you do decide on a Miami yacht charter during this period, though, you should beware of hurricane season and insure that you have the relevant insurance.
It should be noted that if you want a quiet, less crowded holiday, you should avoid a yacht rental in Miami during all of the main American school holiday periods, especially the summer holidays, spring break and Christmas.
Also Check: How To Clean Boat Upholstery | <urn:uuid:0dad91cc-885e-4fe1-811e-2e39e425e575> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.boatproclub.com/boats-for-rent-in-miami/ | 2024-04-12T13:56:49Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.947244 | 3,986 | 4,532 |
HIPAA Notice of Privacy Practices for U.S. Residents
THIS NOTICE DESCRIBES HOW MEDICAL INFORMATION ABOUT YOU MAY BE USED AND DISCLOSED AND HOW YOU CAN GET ACCESS TO THIS INFORMATION. PLEASE REVIEW IT CAREFULLY. THE PRIVACY OF YOUR MEDICAL INFORMATION IS IMPORTANT TO US.
OUR LEGAL DUTY
We are required by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 and its implementing regulations, as amended from time to time (collectively, “HIPAA”) to maintain the privacy of your health information. [Our policy is to encrypt our electronic files containing your health information so as to protect the information from those who should not have access to it. If, however, for some reason we experience a breach of your unencrypted health information, we will notify you of the breach.] We are also required to provide you with this Notice of Privacy Practices (“Notice”) which describes our privacy practices and legal duties, as well as your rights concerning your health information. We must follow the privacy practices described in this Notice while it is in effect. We will not use or share your health information other than as described in this Notice, unless you notify us in writing at the address provided below. This Notice takes effect February 3, 2022 and will remain in effect until we replace it.
We may change our privacy practices, and/or this Notice, from time to time. If we make any material revisions to this Notice, we will provide you with a copy of the revised Notice [by mail or email]. The revised Notice will specify the date on which such revised Notice becomes effective. The revised Notice will apply to all of your health information from and after the revised date. [The revised Notice will also be available on our web site.] For more information about our privacy practices, or for additional copies of this Notice, please contact us using the information listed at the end of this Notice.
USES AND DISCLOSURES OF HEALTH INFORMATION WITHOUT WRITTEN AUTHORIZATION
A. Uses and Disclosures for Treatment, Payment, and Health Care Operations
We must disclose your health information to you, as described in this Notice. We also use your health information and share it with others, in electronic or other format, to help treat your condition, coordinate payment for that treatment, and run our business operations. The following are examples of situations where we do not need your written authorization to use your health information or share it with others:
Treatment: We may use your health information to provide treatment to you. We disclose your health information to our employees and others who are involved in providing the care you need. We may disclose your health information to a physician or other health care provider providing treatment to you. We may also share your health information with a pharmacist in order to provide you with a prescription or with a laboratory that performs test or fabricates dental prostheses or orthodontic appliances.
Payment: We may use and disclose your health information to obtain payment for services we provide to you, unless you request that we restrict such disclosure to your health plan when you have paid out-of-pocket and in full for services rendered.
Health Care Operations: We may use and disclose your health information in connection with our health care operations, including quality assessment and improvement activities, review of the competence or qualifications of health care professionals, evaluation of practitioner and provider performance, training programs, accreditation, certification, and licensing and credentialing activities.
Disclosures to Your Family or Friends Involved in Your Care: Unless you object, we may disclose your health information to a family member, friend, or other person identified by you as being involved in your treatment or payment for your health care. If you are not present to agree or object, we may exercise our professional judgment to determine whether the disclosure is in your best interest, and will limit such disclosures to information necessary to help with your treatment or with payment for your health care. We may also notify a family member, personal representative, or another person responsible for your care about your location or general condition. We will also use our professional judgment and our experience with common practice to make reasonable inferences of your best interest in allowing a person to pick up filled prescriptions, medical supplies, x-rays, or other similar forms of health information.
Business Associates: We may disclose your health information to a “business associate” that needs the information in order to perform a function or service for our business operations. We will do so only if the business associate signs an agreement to protect the privacy of your health information. For example, we may share your health information with a billing company that helps us to obtain payment from your insurance company.
Appointment Reminders, Treatment Alternatives and Health-Related Benefits and Services: We may use and disclose your health information to provide you with appointment reminders (such as voicemails, postcards, letters, e-mails or other similar mobile device communications). We may also use your health information in order to recommend possible treatment alternatives or health-related benefits and services, such as disease awareness or case management that may be of interest to you.
Patient-Related Communications: We may use or disclose your health information to provide patient-related communications such as intraoral photography, “no cavity club” for children, and telephoned-in prescriptions.
B. Uses and Disclosures for the Public Need
We may use your health information and share it with others in order to comply with the law or meet important public needs described below.
Required by Law: We may use or disclose your health information when we are required by law to do so.
Public Health Activities: We may disclose your health information to authorized public health officials so they may carry out their public health activities. For example, we may share your health information with government officials that are responsible for controlling disease, injury, or disability.
Health Oversight Activities: We may release your health information to government agencies authorized to conduct audits, investigations, and inspections, as well as civil, administrative or criminal investigations, proceedings, or actions. This includes those agencies that monitor programs such as Medicaid.
Abuse or Neglect: We may disclose your health information to appropriate authorities if we reasonably believe that you are a possible victim of abuse, neglect, or domestic violence or the possible victim of other crimes.
Product Monitoring, Repair and Recall: We may disclose your health information to a person or company that is regulated by the Food and Drug Administration for the purpose of: (1) reporting or tracking product defects or problems; (2) repairing, replacing, or recalling defective or dangerous products; or (3) monitoring the performance of a product after it has been approved for use by the general public. We may also disclose your health information to report adverse reactions to medications.
Lawsuits and Disputes: We may disclose your health information if we are ordered to do so by a court or administrative tribunal that is handling a lawsuit or other dispute. We may also disclose your health information in response to a subpoena, discovery request, or other lawful request by someone else involved in the dispute, but only if efforts have been made to tell you about the request or to obtain a court order protecting the information from further disclosure.
Law Enforcement: We may disclose your health information to law enforcement officials for certain reasons including to comply with court orders or laws that we are required to follow, and to assist law enforcement officers with identifying or locating a suspect, fugitive, witness, missing person or victims of a crime.
To Avert a Serious and Imminent Threat to Health or Safety: We may disclose your health information to the extent necessary to avert a serious and imminent threat to your health or safety or the health or safety of others. If we do, we will only share your information with someone able to help prevent the threat.
Workers’ Compensation: We may disclose your health information to the extent necessary to comply with workers’ compensation or other programs established by law that provide benefits for work-related injuries or illness without regard to fraud.
National Security: We may disclose to authorized federal officials health information required for lawful intelligence, counterintelligence, and other national security activities. We may also disclose to military authorities the health information of Armed Forces personnel under certain circumstances. If you are an inmate or you are detained by a law enforcement officer, we may disclose your health information to the prison officers or law enforcement officers if necessary to provide you with health care, or to maintain safety, security and good order at the place where you are confined.
Coroners, Medical Examiners and Funeral Directors: In the unfortunate event of your death, we may disclose your health information to a coroner or medical examiner. This may be necessary, for example, to determine the cause of death. We may also release this information to funeral directors as necessary to carry out their duties, and to organizations that procure or store organs, eyes or other tissues so that these organizations may investigate whether donation or transplantation is possible under the law.
Research: We can use or share you information for health research.
C. Completely De-Identified and Partially De-Identified Health Information
We may use and disclose your health information if we have removed any information that has the potential to identify you so that the health information is “completely de-identified.” We may also use and disclose “partially de-identified” health information about you for public health and research purposes, or for business operations, if the person who will receive the information signs an agreement to protect the privacy of the information as required by federal and state law. Partially de-identified health information will not contain any information that would directly identify you (such as your name, street address, social security number, phone number, fax number, electronic mail address, website address, or license number).
REQUIREMENT FOR WRITTEN AUTHORIZATION
We may use your health information for treatment, payment, health care operations or other purposes described in this Notice. You may also give us written authorization to use your health information or to disclose it to anyone for any purpose. We cannot use or disclose your health information for any reason except those described in this Notice unless you give us written authorization to do so. For example, we require your written authorization for uses and disclosures of health information for marketing purposes, and disclosures that constitute a sale of your health information. Marketing is a communication about a product or service that encourages recipients of the communication to purchase or use the product or service. You may obtain a form to revoke your authorization by using the contact information listed at the end of this Notice. Your revocation will not affect any use or disclosures permitted by your authorization while it was in effect.
YOUR RIGHTS TO ACCESS AND CONTROL YOUR HEALTH INFORMATION
Access: You have the right to inspect or obtain copies of your health information, with limited exceptions. If we maintain your health information in electronic format, you have the right to obtain a copy of your health information in the form and format you request if the information is readily producible in that format, or, if not, a mutually agreeable alternative format. You also have the right to direct us to send a copy of your health information to a third party you clearly designate. We may charge you a reasonable, cost-based fee to cover copy costs and postage. If you request a copy of your electronic health information, we will not charge you any more than our labor costs in preparing the materials. You must make a request in writing to obtain access to your health information. You may obtain a form to request access by using the contact information listed at the end of this Notice. We will allow for visual inspection of your records within 10 days of receipt of your written request. If you would like a copy of your medical record in electronic form, we will respond within 10 days of receipt of your written request. If you would like a copy of your medical record in another form, we will respond within 21 days of receipt of your written request. If we need additional time to respond, we will let you know as soon as possible. If you are denied access to your health information, you are entitled to a review by a healthcare professional, designated by us, who was not involved in the decision to deny access. If access is ultimately denied, you will be entitled to a written explanation of the reasons for the denial. Should we deny you access to your records in New York, you may also appeal our decision to a medical record access review committee appointed by the Commissioner of the New York State Department of Health.
Disclosure Accounting: You have the right to receive a list of instances in which we or our business associates disclosed your health information over the last 6 years or such shorter time as you may specify. That accounting will not include certain disclosures, in accordance with federal law, including disclosures made for the purposes of treatment, payment, or health care operations. You may obtain a form to request a disclosure accounting by using the contact information listed at the end of this Notice. We will ordinarily respond to your request within 60 days. If we need additional time to respond, we will let you know as soon as possible. You will receive one disclosure accounting annually free of charge, but we may charge you a reasonable, cost-based fee for additional accountings within the same twelve-month period.
Restrictions: You have the right to request that we place additional restrictions on our use or disclosure of your health information. If we agree to do so, we will put these restrictions in place except in an emergency situation or as required by law. We do not need to agree to the restriction unless (i) the disclosure is for the purpose of carrying our payment or health care operations and is not otherwise required by law, and (ii) the health information relates only to a health care item or service that you or someone on your behalf has paid for out of pocket and in full. You have the right to revoke the restriction at any time. You may obtain a form to request additional restrictions by using the contact information at the end of this Notice.
Alternative Communication: You have the right to request that we communicate with you about your health information by alternative means or to alternative locations. You may obtain a form to request additional alternative communications by using the contact information at the end of this Notice. Your request must specify how or where you wish to be contacted, and provide a satisfactory explanation regarding how payments will be handled if we communicate with you through the alternative means or location you request.
Amendment of Health Information: If you believe we have health information about you that is incorrect or incomplete, you may request in writing an amendment to your health information. You may obtain a form to request an amendment by using the contact information at the end of this Notice. Your request must explain why the information should be amended. We will ordinarily respond to your request within 60 days. If we need additional time to respond, we will let you know as soon as possible. If we did not create your health information, if your health information is not part of our records, or if your health information is already accurate and complete, we can deny your request and notify you of our decision in writing. You can submit a statement that you disagree with our decision, which we can rebut. You have the right to request that your original request, our denial, your statement of disagreement, and our rebuttal be included in future disclosures of your health information.
Notification of Breach of Unsecured Health Information: We are required by law to maintain the privacy of your health information, and to provide you with this Notice containing our legal duties and privacy practices with respect to your protected health information. Our policy is to encrypt our electronic files containing your health information so as to protect the information from those who should not have access to it. If, however, for some reason we experience a breach of your unencrypted health information, we will notify you of the breach.
Paper Notice: You have the right at any time to obtain a paper copy of this Notice, even if you receive this Notice electronically. You may make such a request by writing to the address provided at the end of this Notice.
Choose Someone to Act for You: If you have given someone medical power of attorney or if someone is your legal guardian, that person can exercise your rights and make choices about your health information. We will make sure the person has this authority and can act for you before we take any action.
For certain health information, you can tell us your choices about what we share. If you have a clear preference for how we share your information in the situation described below, notify us using the contact information listed below.
In these cases, you have both the right and the choice to tell us to:
- Share information with your family, close friends, or others involved in your care
- Share information in a disaster relief situation
- Include your name in a hospital directory
If you are not able to tell us your preference, for example, if you are unconscious, we may go ahead and share your information if we believe it is in your best interest.We may also share your information when needed to lessen a serious and imminent threat to health and safety.
In the case of fundraising, we may contact you for fundraising efforts, but you can tell us not to contact you again.
OTHER SPECIFIC STATE LAW REQUIREMENTS
Some states provide even greater rights, including more favorable access and amendment rights, as well as protection for particularly sensitive information. Special privacy protections apply to sensitive health information including AIDS/HIV-related information, alcohol and substance abuse treatment information, mental health information, and genetic information. Some parts of this Notice may not apply to these types of information. Uses and disclosures of this information will only be made with your express written authorization in accordance with applicable law.
If you have any questions about this Notice, you may contact our Corporate Compliance Officer at 217-540-5100, or write us at:
Corporate Compliance Officer
1200 Network Centre
Effingham, Illinois 62401 (217) 540-5100
If you are concerned that we may have violated your privacy rights or have any other complaints, you may complain to us using the contact information above. You also may submit a written complaint to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. We will provide you with the address to file your complaint with the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services upon request. If you choose to file a complaint, we will not retaliate or take action against you for your complaint. | <urn:uuid:6b68ec98-8500-42c5-bd8c-9b8ad415e771> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.citysedgedentalcare.com/legal/privacy/ | 2024-04-12T15:19:40Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.936005 | 3,829 | 4,252 |
These Terms & Conditions (“Terms”) are a legal contract between you and Cogo ApS (“Cogo”, “the Company”, “the Service”, “We” or “Us”). The Cogo mobile application (“Cogo”, “Cogo App”), is managed by Cogo ApS, CVR 41261560, Nørregade 28D, 1165 København K, Denmark. These terms govern (I) Users that install and use the Cogo mobile application (the “app”), (II) Users that visit the www.cogoapp.io website; (III) Users that use and access the Cogo Services provided through or enabled by the app (the “Services”).
By using the Company’s Services you, the user, acknowledge these Terms and the limitations of liability as well as disclaimers of warranties, and other terms which affect your legal rights. If you do not agree with these terms, or if you lack capacity or authority to agree to these terms, do not install or use the app or access the services. Therefore, it is important that you read and understand the Terms before using the Services, as defined below.
“Cogo”, “Cogo services”, “Us”, “We”, means the aggregation service provided by Cogo ApS through the mobile application, as better described in Article 4, and the ancillary services connected with the various functions of the Platform, excluding the Mobility Services provided autonomously by the Mobility Operators.
“Mobility services”, “Services in general”, “Provider”, “Operator”, “Mobility Operator”, “Mobility Provider”, means the company (other than Cogo) and services related to the transport of people offered and supplied by the Mobility Operators independently and autonomously with regard to Cogo.
“User”, “You” means the person accessing the Cogo app, the Cogo website and/or using Cogo’s Services.
“Vehicles”, “Ride” means the electrical or manual vehicles provided by the Mobility Operators and accessible through Cogo, such as but not limited to e-scooters, bikes, e-bikes, cargo bikes, mopeds, cars, taxi’s or ride hail vehicles.
“Services” means the use of the Vehicles, Website, Cogo App and Mobility Operators Apps or Website and its related services as described on the Website and in the Cogo App. Services are made available through the Cogo Website or the Cogo App, together with any other related equipment services, and information made available by Cogo and Mobility Operators.
“Partner” means any third party that promotes the Services through promotional campaigns which, with the consent of the specific User and in accordance with local laws and regulations, may offer the User discounts, gifts and so on.
3. SCOPE OF SERVICES
To get the most out of Cogo, it is important that you as a user understand our role in providing this Services. Cogo is a shared mobility aggregator that finds and displays shared mobility solutions to reach a destination by comparing all available alternatives in your close proximity (example shared electric scooters, bikes, cars, or mopeds). Our mobility aggregation service has the sole purpose of facilitating options for the User to compare and choose between the different Mobility Operators available in the surrounding area. We may additionally for certain Mobility Operators and Cities offer You the possibility to unlock Vehicles and Pay all associated costs and fees directly in the Cogo App. In some cases there may be charges from both the Cogo App (Our service fee), and from the Mobility Operator (for the cost of the actual trip).
Cogo is fully independent and must therefore not be confused with the Mobility Operators that provide and operate the vehicle fleets. Our App and Service contain material that we produce and own, such as software, text, graphics, and imagery. We do not own any of the rides that you see in the App, which is provided to us by third parties/Mobility Operators (ex. Voi, Donkey Republic, ShareNow etc.). The User is also aware that the aggregation and functionalities of the Platform connected with the booking of the Mobility Solution do not necessarily presuppose the existence of a specific commercial or technical agreement between Cogo and the Mobility Operators.
3.1 Reservations / Bookings
When you find a shared Mobility Solution that suits you, you may book directly in the Cogo App or you may switch to the selected Mobility Operator’s own application (the “Operator”), where you can book your vehicle sharing. To access the vehicle, however, it might be necessary to switch to the selected Mobility Operator’s application or, in the case of some Operators, to access the vehicle directly through Cogo. For some Mobility Operators, the User is enabled to login and register a User account through Cogo, and also to buy and pay for Mobility Solutions.
3.2 Third-party payments
If you are able to purchase third-party goods or services through the App, we are acting as a broker or agent to you to sell those goods or services on behalf of the Mobility Operator. In some cases, we may process payments or aggregate services or usage of those services to provide you with additional benefits.
3.3 Payment facilitators
You agree, understand and acknowledge that We may engage third-party payment processors / gateway service providers to facilitate the processing of payments, including Auto-Update. Accordingly, you may be required to follow any terms and conditions of such third-party payment processors/gateway service providers, as communicated to you, from time to time.
3.4 Payments and fees
(i) You may use our services through Pay-as-you-go, Prepaid ride passes, Monthly Subscriptions, or other payment solutions if available. You will be charged in accordance with the prices available in our App or Website and each ride starts when you “reserve” or “unlock” a vehicle and ends when you “end your ride” (or equivalent button(s) text in the app). Fees and other charges may be subject to applicable taxes and other local charges, which may be charged and collected by Us.
(ii) Terms and pricing conditions for Pay-as-you-go, Prepaid ride passes or Monthly Subscription will be displayed in the App and must be accepted by you prior to purchase. Limitations may apply, and may include a geographical limit, daily time limit, limit of number of unlocks or daily ride limits. Purchase of these offers may not be used combined with other promotional offers, rewards or other discounts (unless specifically described). Purchasing of Prepaid ride passes or Monthly Subscriptions does not guarantee the availability of the Mobility Operators services. It will be clearly communicated when they will expire at the time of purchase and in the App.
(iii) We may require or make available an option for you to automatically make payments on a recurring basis (“Auto-Update”). By enabling Auto-Update, you opt to automatically reload your account balance each time your account reaches or falls below zero or another specified amount. We may, at any time, without any notice to you, discontinue Auto-Update. To use Auto-Update, you may be required to choose: (a) the balance amount at which you wish to automatically load your account balance, and/or (b) the amount you wish to load/add (such amount, “Auto-Update Amount”).
(iv) You have the right to withdraw from a Prepaid ride pass, or Monthly Subscription within 14 days of the purchase without giving any reasons. If you want to withdraw your purchase you can either (a) use the withdrawal form provided in Annex A or (b) by contacting Us in accordance with Section 14 “Contact Information''.
(v) If you activate the Prepaid ride pass, or Monthly Subscription during the 14 day withdrawal period (which means that you have expressly requested to get access to the Service), then you explicitly renounce your right of withdrawal. Should you want to withdraw during the 14 days period, in accordance with the conditions mentioned above, you will be entitled to a refund on a pro-rata basis conditional to the limitations of the Prepaid Pass that you have purchased and used until termination.
(vi) We may issue promotion coupons or codes on behalf of any, or all Mobility Operators subject to any additional terms established on a per promotional code basis ("Promo Codes"). The Promo Codes are one-time offers and can only be redeemed via the Cogo App. We reserve the right to modify or cancel Promo Codes at any time at Our sole and absolute discretion. We may suspend or cancel Promo Code(s) and Your use of the App at any time if We have grounds to believe that the use or redemption of the Promo Code(s) was in error, fraudulent, illegal or in violation of the applicable Promo Code terms or this Agreement.
(vii) You may be able to share a personal invite code to earn credits. Personal invite codes should only be used for personal and non-commercial purposes. This means you can share your invite link with people that you know via social media as long as you are the primary content owner. Public distribution on sites where You are a contributor but not the primary content owner is not permitted. Promoting your Personal invite code via search engine marketing (for example, AdWords, Facebook) is not permitted. Referred invitation codes are only applicable to an invited user’s first ride and not intended for existing users. Existing users attempting to take advantage of the referral program may have their referral promotions disabled.
(viii) We and our Partners support in-App Payment, provide assistance, and resolve disputes related to in-App Payment. If You dispute any transactions charged to Your Elected Payment Method by Us, You must contact Us in accordance with Section 14 within 10 Business Days.
(ix) We may charge a payment fee for each payment that is added to each order of the Services. The payment fee is for Visa/Mastercard or other payment service fees. The amount of the service fee is displayed in the App. Your bank may make additional charges for Your use of Your credit or debit card which are not shown in the App. Please note that after You have booked a Vehicle, we may automatically pre-authorise an amount from Your credit card to confirm the availability of the payment.
(x) We may charge a service fee for our service and handling of Your booking of a Vehicle that is added to each order of the Services. The amount of the service fee is displayed in the App and is included in the total amount due to pay for each order of the Service.
You will be liable to us and/or the Mobility Operators for any damages for which you are responsible. You must report any accident, crash, damage, personal injury, stolen or lost Vehicle or other similar incidents to Cogo or the Mobility Operator as soon as possible. In cases of accidents, We would appreciate it if you could try to gather evidence, for example by taking pictures or by identifying possible witnesses, subject to applicable local legislation (including but not limited to data protection legislation). If an incident involves third-party personal injury, property damage, or any other third-party damage, You shall report the incident to the local police department as soon as possible.
(i) You are responsible for any theft, damage or loss of a Vehicle for which you are responsible for. Cogo is on behalf of the Mobility Operator, or the Mobility Operator themselves entitled to be indemnified by you in respect of any legitimate third-party claims (including legal costs) insofar as you are not covered by your own personal insurance.
(ii) You are liable for all violations of road traffic regulations, public order regulations and other statutory provisions for which you are responsible in connection with your use of a Vehicle. You are liable for any resulting penalties, fees and costs and must indemnify Cogo or the Mobility Operator directly in respect of any resulting third-party claims. For the avoidance of doubt, you will not be liable if and to the extent that any such penalties, fees, costs or claims resulting from your use in accordance with these Terms and the Mobility Operators Terms of a Vehicle which is defective.
(iii) You will not be liable to the extent that an insurer compensates the damage and no recourse is taken against Cogo or the Mobility Operator.
(iv) No limitation of liability agreed between Cogo or the Mobility Operator and you in respect of damages to a Vehicle will apply if you willfully caused the damage.
If a Vehicle is unlocked with your Account and is subject to fines you are at your full discretion obliged to pay such fines. It is the Mobility Operator that defines the fines and Cogo may on your behalf pay the Mobility Operator and Cogo will in turn charge you for the equivalent amount plus any potential additional costs incurred by Us. Fines that may occur, but are not limited to:
(i) If a Vehicle is parked outside of the permitted Parking Area;
(ii) If a Vehicle appears to be damaged beyond normal wear and tear, is in a state of disrepair or has been vandalized, then, at Ours or the Mobility Operators sole discretion, We may charge You a fee that is equal to the cost of repair or replacement of the Vehicle and equipment;
(iii) If a Vehicle is abandoned without notice, You will be responsible for all fees and costs until the Vehicle is recovered;
(iv) If a Vehicle is not recovered or returned (ie. the ride is finished and the Vehicle parked) within 48 hours, then in Ours or the Mobility Operators sole discretion, We may consider the Vehicle to be lost or stolen, in which case We may charge You the full amount to replace such Vehicle and file a police report against You;
(v) You agree to pay any fines, fees, penalties, and/or any other charges incurred by Us or the Mobility Operator, that result from Your use of any Vehicle, You parking any Vehicle improperly (e.g. outside a Permitted Parking Area) or as a result of You violating any law, rule, regulation, or ordinance while using the Services;
(vi) All amounts due and payable to Us will be charged to Your Elected Payment Method. If these payment methods fail, other collection procedures may be employed. You agree to compensate all of Our and the Mobility Operators collection costs, including without limitation reasonable legal fees, if You do not pay amounts owed to Us or the Mobility Operator when due.
3.7 User account
For the purposes of booking the Mobility Services and for the use of the additional features described above, the User grants Cogo a mandate for the fulfillment, in his/her name and on his/her behalf, of all the documentation and activities necessary for this purpose for the Mobility Operators services. In order to access certain services, you may be required to create a Cogo account. If you do so, you are responsible for the completeness and that your data and information are accurate and up to date as set out in “4. Access to Services”. You are also responsible for maintaining the confidentiality of your Cogo account, and you further agree to accept all responsibility for actions, information and activities that occur using that account.
3.8 Accuracy of Data
We do not offer guarantees concerning the correctness and completeness of data provided by third-party Mobility Operators. We do not offer guarantees on the Mobility Operators Services or Prices nor are we responsible for the content, availability, accuracy or functionality of these services, sites and resources. The point of contact for the User for questions and complaints relating to a Mobility Service and its operation may be with Cogo or directly with the Mobility Operator, information of who the User should contact shall always be available in the Cogo App. You, the User, therefore assumes all risks deriving from the use of any website, service or third-party Operator accessible from our Service.
3.9 Service availability
Our ability to deliver all the functionality of our Services requires a stable data connection and access to location services like GPS. If your phone’s ability to access data via wireless networks (like 3G, 4G or 5G) or the Internet is compromised, the Services may be delivered incompletely, slowly, inaccurately, or not at all. These connectivity problems can arise from many sources, ranging from physical interference to power outages to errors by telecommunication providers. Once again, your ability to effectively use the App or Services may be compromised through no fault of Cogo, and we cannot accept any responsibility for any problems or damages which might occur.
The Services also depend on your device. If your device is damaged, not compatible with the App (including updates to the App), or if you have turned off permissions on which the App relies to deliver all the functionality of the Services (such as location sharing), then your ability to effectively use the App or Services may be compromised through no fault of Cogo, and we cannot accept any responsibility for any problems or damages which might occur.
3.10 Disclaimer of Warranties
From time to time we may need to make the App or the Services unavailable in order to fix bugs, perform maintenance, install updates, or similar tasks that improve the overall service we deliver. We make every effort to do so during times that have the least impact, but we cannot accept any responsibility for problems or damages that occur because of App or Service's unavailability for these reasons.
Cogo as well as some, if not all, Mobility Operators may maintain third-party liability and personal accident insurance on behalf of the User while they are using a Vehicle;
(i) The cost of the insurance may automatically be included in the cost of using a Vehicle or as an additional add-on selection before starting a ride;
(iii) If, for any reason, you are not eligible for the Insurance Cover, then you understand and acknowledge that you assume liability for any and all costs caused by you to a third party, including without limitation costs of ambulance transport services, hospital stays and medical treatment.
4. ACCESS TO SERVICES
By using Cogo, subject to your compliance with these terms, and for as long as we make the Services available through the App, you are hereby granted a personal, non-commercial, limited, revocable, non-exclusive, non-transferable right, in order to (if applicable) search, compare, book, pay for, and use the Service, and only for such purposes. This does not include any right to directly access the software, databases, algorithms or data that powers the Services and App, nor any right to obtain a copy of the source code or architecture thereof. Cogo and its assignees hold and shall continue to maintain all rights regarding the Platform. Cogo may only be used in accordance with these Conditions and within the limits of compliance with third-party rights. The use of our Service and in extension the Mobility Operators is at your own risk.
In order to be able to access certain features of the app such as unlocking of a Vehicle or pay for your trips directly in the Cogo app you may be required to;
(i) Have an Account and use Your real name, have accurate personal and card information for setting up the account and keep such information up to date at all times;
(ii) Provide proof of identity in the form of a picture from Your driver's license or a government identification document to obtain or maintain access to the Services;
(iii) Registered a valid credit card or debit card or other payment method supported by the App (“Elected Payment Method”);
(iv) Follow the rules and regulations as stipulated in this Agreement as well as in the instructions and regulations as shown in the App before starting a ride;
4.1 When installing the App and using the Services, you must comply with:
(i) all applicable laws and regulations;
(ii) riding rules and safety in 4.3 “Permission to drive”
(iii) the applicable terms and conditions for Your applicable Service Area;
(iv) the eligibility conditions listed in Section 4 and confirm that they are met.
4.2 When installing the App and using the Services, you must not:
(i) decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, investigate, or otherwise access any non-UI portion of the App;
(ii) circumvent any limitations we place on your use of the App or Services;
(iii) use or display the App in such a way that allows derivation of information about the Services that was not intended to be made available to users;
(iv) circumvent any security features or technological protection measures built into the App;
(v) automate access to the App or the Services, including, without limitation, through the use of bots, scrapers or other similar devices;
(vi) attempt to install the App or access the Services after having been banned by us.
4.3 Permission to drive
You as the User are only permitted to ride Vehicles if you meet all of the requirements according to the applicable terms and regulations of the Mobility Operator. Such requirements may be, but are not limited to:
(i) You are at least 18 years or of legal age to operate the vehicle, certain vehicles such as a bike may be at least 16 years of age;
(ii) You have submitted valid ID, identification documents or driver's license for the vehicle rental if required by local regulations;
(iii) You are able to operate the vehicles in a competent manner, you know how to operate them and you are physically able to do so. You also understand that certain weather conditions (such as rain) can impact safety and you adjust your driving style accordingly (e.g. adjusting for a longer braking time in rain etc.). This may also mean not using certain vehicles at all at certain times;
(iv) You have educated yourself on local laws governing how to use the Mobility Operators vehicles (e.g. where to ride, how to ride and how to end a ride). While the Mobility Operators and Us do our best to educate you it is your responsibility to know the local regulations when you use the Mobility Operators vehicles;
(v) You take safety precautions seriously. It is recommended that you wear a helmet at any time you operate a bike, scooter or moped. In some service areas helmet may be a requirement;
(vi) You perform safety checks before using a Vehicle. Such as;
Check general conditions (frame, wheels, tires, etc.)
Do the brakes and lights work?
Are the seats, pedals and basket properly attached?
Is the battery charged?
Does the bell work?
Are there any other signs of damage or signs of maintenance needed?
(vii) You shall always ensure proper parking;
Not park the Vehicle that it may contravene any applicable local laws or regulations
Never obstruct the road, impede traffic or excessively clutter the sidewalks
Park the Vehicle visibly and in the standing position so that it is easy for other users to can find and enjoy the use of the Vehicle
Follow the parking instructions displayed in the App and, if applicable, park the Vehicle in the designated Permitted Parking Area
Report any Vehicle not parked in a Permitted Parking Area while using the Services, by notifying Us in accordance with Section 14.
If you notice that something is not working or is broken please do not use this vehicle, and make sure to contact Us or the Mobility Operator directly so it can be repaired. If you notice something during use, stop your ride as safely as you can and as soon as possible. If you do not report an issue, we may attribute the issue to you, including holding you accountable for any costs to fix the issue.
4.4 Right to revoke user access
Any use of our Services in such a way as to violate the contractual terms and regulations applicable to the Mobility Operator is prohibited, with the consequent obligation of the User to indemnify and hold Cogo harmless from any prejudicial consequence deriving from the violation of the prohibition provided for in this article. Cogo expressly reserves the right to retroactively cancel licenses or benefits granted to the User for any behavior prohibited under the Conditions. Cogo shall determine, at its sole discretion, whether the User's behavior is to be deemed prohibited; Cogo’s decision is final and irrevocable, and the User renounces any right to challenge this decision.
Further, by accessing and using Cogo, the User declares and guarantees to have the right, authority and ability to enter into this agreement.
5. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
The use of Cogo and our Services is at your discretion and risk. We, or the Mobility Operators, assume no liability for damage to your mobile, tablet or computer, loss of data, loss of revenue, loss of profits, loss of business opportunities, lost time, damage to property or other damage resulting from the use of Cogo or our Services. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, we do not offer any guarantee:
(i) as regards the safety, accuracy, reliability, timeliness and performance of our Services;
(ii) that Cogo or our Services are error-free, or that any errors are corrected. In no event shall Cogo, its officials, employees or agents, be liable for indirect, incidental, special, punitive or consequential damages of any kind arising out of or in connection with the use of Cogo or our Services in violation of the Conditions.
You agree to defend, indemnify and hold Cogo and any affiliated entity such as the Mobility Operators harmless from any and all liabilities, costs, and expenses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, related to or in connection with:
(i) your use of the Services and any Rental Services provided by any entity;
(ii) your violation of any term of this Agreement, including without limitation, your breach of any of the representations and warranties mentioned;
(iii) your violation of any third party right, including without limitation any right of privacy, publicity rights or intellectual property rights;
(iv) your violation of any applicable law, rule or regulation;
(v) any claim or damages that arise as a result of any User Submission or other content, message or information that you provide to Cogo, including without limitation any claim or damages arising from a defamation or invasion of privacy claim;
(vi) any other party’s access and use of the Services with your unique username, password or other appropriate security code.
In the event that you have a dispute with one or more other users of the Services, you release Cogo (and our officers, directors, agents, subsidiaries, joint ventures, partners and employees) from claims, demands and damages (actual and consequential) of every kind and nature, known and unknown, suspected and unsuspected, disclosed and undisclosed, arising out of or in any way connected with such disputes
5.3 Force Majeure
Neither Cogo, the Mobility Operators or you shall be responsible for damages or for delays or failures in performance resulting from acts or occurrences beyond their reasonable control, including, without limitation: fire, lightning, explosion, power surge or failure, water, acts of God, war, revolution, civil commotion or acts of civil or military authorities or public enemies: any law, order, regulation, ordinance, or requirement of any government or legal body or any representative of any such government or legal body; or labor unrest, including without limitation, strikes, slowdowns, picketing, or boycotts; inability to secure raw materials, transportation facilities, fuel or energy shortages, or acts or omissions of other common carriers.
As part of the Services we provide, you may receive push notifications, SMS/MMS messages, alerts, e-mails or other types of messages sent directly to you within or outside of Cogo (“Push messages”).
We may terminate these Terms without cause and without prior notice if we suspend access to Cogo, the App or our Services. In the event of termination, all licenses and other rights granted to you under these Terms shall cease immediately. We will not be liable to you or to any other person for the termination of our Services. In the event of termination or suspension, you will no longer be able to access all the information you have submitted to Us. You may terminate these Terms without cause at any time by uninstalling the App and ceasing to use the Services.
The User acknowledges and recognises that all information, data, software, content, music, sounds, photographs and images, videos and any other content on and relating to Cogo, are the exclusive property of Cogo, the Mobility Operators, and other licensors. Users do not acquire any rights that refer to Cogo or our Services, the only right is the right to use Cogo or our Services in compliance with the Conditions.
9.1 Mobility Operators
The trademarks and logos that distinguish the Mobility Operators are the exclusive property of the Mobility Operator; the reproduction of these distinctive signs within the Platform is for purely descriptive purposes. It is expressly forbidden for the User to reproduce or use in any way the brands and logos of the Mobility Operator without their explicit permission. Contact the Mobility Operator for more detailed information about these designations and their registration status.
9.2 Content provided by Users
You may at times be invited to submit content to us (for example comment to a blog post, to participate in our communities or provide user tips). You retain ownership of this content but you must have the right to submit the content to us in the first place.
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French Lessons Carlton Nottinghamshire (NG4): Yearning to converse in new tongues, but paralysed by the thought of never-ending grammar charts and textbook drudgery? Let's explore a different approach! Learning a new language, at least initially, does not need to be a daunting challenge. It's all about gathering words, like collecting souvenirs on your linguistic journey - something familiar to most of us. Imagine vocabulary flowing effortlessly into your mind, gradually weaving together into meaning, and slowly realising that fluency isn't just a distant dream. Learning without feeling it? Absolutely! New phrases can weave themselves into our speech, a testament to the subconscious power of language acquisition. Not everybody learns the same way, and that's okay! Remember, diverse approaches pave the path to linguistic success. Whether or another tongue beckons, remember: the key to unlocking fluency lies in a method that speaks to your unique learning style.
Getting a French tutor in Carlton can also help. If you want to learn a language faster and more efficiently than you can by yourself, acan be your answer. Tutors know how to teach French the way you would learn it in a classroom without your actually having to attend classes. This can be a great alternative for someone who's afraid of learning in a classroom setting but who is also having a hard time learning through methods like books and audio courses. With a tutor you can gain the kind of conversational skills as well as familiarity with the formal rules of grammar; if you plan to visit a French speaking country, this can be really useful! In addition, they can adapt their teaching approach to cater to your specific learning needs and objectives.
One of the first principles of learning anyis being open enough to accept the way it works. You may try to learn French, for example, but then not want to let go of the way your own language sounds. What can make the process harder than it has to be is when people want to force the new language to behave like their old one. You have to realize that every language is unique. So each language has its own particular type of structure and rules of grammar. This is what frustrates so many people who have not learned languages before; they want things to match. When you want to learn French, you will do much better if you accept that it's going to be different in some ways from your native language.
It's always really great if you can recruit a fluent French speaker to help you learn. This person's understanding will be a great help with proper usage and pronunciation. Such a person will allow you to be more relaxed and not concerned about making the inevitable mistakes, plus you'll be more willing to speak new phrases. Plus, your friend's help will just make it all more fun for you. Also, in time, this person will know you and how you learn and will be able to offer suggestions. You'll end-up learning faster and better because the lessons can become more individualized.
Take a class! Classes are still the most common way to learn a language, and there's a reason for this. It's because there is still no better way to learn than to take a class! The best language teachers are trained to teach you a method where you learn a little more every day. They have an entire program in place that enables you to learn incrementally, which is the most efficient way to move forward. A classroom is a great place to learn because you will have someone on hand to make sure that you are learning things correctly and that you aren't learning incorrect things. Another thing some people like about a language class is that it can be a relaxed and social way to learn, as everyone is working on the same goals and no one will be upset if you make a mistake.
The use of flashcards is a much underrated method that works amazingly well. New language pupils disparage flashcards because they're looked on as being unsophisticated and old-fashioned. So, with all of the high-tech gadgets and programs; why go back to the dark ages and use flashcards? The long and short of it is because they work! Flashcards are a great way to practice your skills and quiz yourself. They're easy to take with you. Flash cards can also enable you to work with a friend, even if that friend has no previous French experience. At the end of the day, flash cards have passed the test time and again as one of the easiest tools around for a new language learner.
Start labeling everything in your home in Carlton with labels that have their French name attached. This is a great way to remind yourself of your vocabulary and to start getting used to using the French words for things. If you are surrounded by these words then you will have no choice but to learn them. So, when you put some clothes into the dryer you will automatically be reminded of the word for dryer. It won't be long before hearing the word or seeing it used elsewhere will bring to mind a visual image, and you'll start to truly understand what is being said in the language you want to learn!
Find French language books or newspapers and practice reading them. If you want to get more comfortable with how to create sentences, as well as improve your vocabulary, reading in French is great practice. If you want to become accustomed to the specific ways words are used and the rules of grammar work, the best method is to practice reading in that language. As you practice reading in French, or in another language you may be studying, you'll find that your written and conversational skills will improve, making it easier to understand what others are saying and for you to speak or write in that language effectively.
Completely surrounding yourself in the language you're trying to learn is by far the most effective method available to anyone no matter the learning style. Some people learn best when they have no other choice. If you really want to make use of this strategy then you must visit a country that speaks the language of your choice. The result will be you chasing down the meaning of words and learning to communicate effectively in French because your survival depends on your success with the language. The people who find this method appealing will benefit from a very fast learning process.
French speaking television programs will also be beneficial in your language learning. Using subtitles to help you along is alright at the beginner's level but the time will come when you will have to turn them off. In no time you will be up on phrases that you already knew and learn many new ones. Textbooks and CDs are good but a talk show or movie will introduce you to conversation and how common people speak the language. Everyday language is not taught in the classroom, for that you will have to go out and learn it yourself. By utilizing movies and television shows you will be able to speak the language of the people much better than someone who only relies on their CD courses or classroom study.
Invest in some good French CDs. French language CDs are just like have a personal tutor available at any place and any time. If you don't use portable CD players anymore you can have the a CD turned into a mp3 file and then use your mp3 player to achieve the same results. The more time you spend studying the quicker you will become a speaker, studying doesn't get any easier than carrying your lessons with you. This way you can practice your chosen language during your commute to work or school, while you are out and about or even while you're doing things around the house!
If you really want to learn a new language, learn to think in it. The way this works is that you take whatever thought you have and translate it into French. Eventually you will become accustomed to thinking in French. Speaking a new language with other people becomes much easier once you learn how to think in it. What this does is get you speaking the new language internally, which makes it much more natural when you speak out loud.
Hopefully you are starting to see that you can learn a new language without a lot of pain. Just consider all of the possible tools that are available that make studying a language simpler! Don't become impatient if you don't immediately find the ideal learning style for you. In many cases, people have to experiment before they discover the technique that really works for them. If this happens to you, there is no reason to be upset. Another thing that often happens is that all the studying you've done one day "clicks" and you realize that you can really speak French well!
You can have French lessons Carlton and also in: Gunthorpe, Newton, Lowdham, Lambley, St Annes, Mapperley, Bakers Field, Gedling, Colwick, Woodthorpe, Caythorpe, Bulcote, and in these postcodes NG14 6WT, NG4 1GT, NG4 1FU, NG4 1EA, NG4 1FT, NG4 1FD, NG4 1FH, NG4 1DR, NG4 1FG, and NG4 1FN. Local Carlton French tutors will probably have the postcode NG4 and the dialling code 0115. Checking this out should confirm that you are accessing locally based providers of french lessons. Carlton language students can benefit from these and various other related services.
French Audio Lessons
When setting out to learn a second language such as French, it is important to have the time, the right attitude, and the right tools. Fortunately, there are many great language tools available for the language student today.
There are many good books, flash card sets and websites that do a brilliant job teaching the written French language. However, an important key to success is to add French audio lessons to your study materials. Including audio is crucial for a number of reasons.
When somebody concentrates all of their study on the written word, it's certainly possible to learn plenty of material, but it is also likely that they might be learning the wrong things. What is meant by this is that a student could have an idea of how a word sounds that, as they have never actually heard it spoken, could be entirely wrong. They continue to study and learn, reinforcing the incorrect pronunciation in their head. Eventually they'll use it, be corrected, and then be faced with relearning the word or words all over again.
The brain learns best when it's challenged in a number of different ways. By combining writing and reading French with hearing it spoken as well, the brain will retain the information far better than merely reading it. Adding audio lessons also helps to keep the student's interest, as studying doesn't get boring when different inputs are involved.
Some computer programs offer the option of being able to record yourself speaking French, too. Being able to hear it, speak it, then replay and compare the two is very helpful. Having this instant feedback and being able to make adjustments is a great learning tool.
Audio lessons with native French speakers can teach so much that cannot be learned from a book. The proper pronunciation as well as conversational tone and inflection can only be learned by listening. By repeatedly listening to French, one can develop their own, natural sounding conversational tone instead of a strained, mechanical, "by the book" style that is very unnatural.
Another very positive aspect of audio French lessons is convenience. The ability to listen to French in the car, working out, or anywhere else is a huge plus. The more often that you hear it, the better you will learn and retain it.
Read it, write it, and listen to it. This multimedia approach will improve yourmuch quicker and make it far more enjoyable, too.
Business French Lessons Carlton
At the core of every successful business endeavour lies effective communication. Therefore, specialiseddesigned for business purposes emphasise practical vocabulary, industry-specific terms, and cultural nuances relevant to professional contexts. These programmes, tailored to individuals and organisations, aim to foster confidence and fluency in navigating the challenges of global trade.
- Industry-Specific Training: Some French language tutors, recognising that different industries have distinct linguistic requirements, offer targeted training tailored to particular sectors such as technology, hospitality, finance and healthcare. Targeted instruction enables participants to communicate successfully within their professional sector and capitalise on business opportunities in French-speaking markets, covering best practices, industry-specific terms and regulations.
- Etiquette and Cultural Competence: Navigating the business world in French-speaking regions demands more than language skills. Understanding etiquette and cultural norms holds the key to developing trust and cultivating positive relationships. This foundation creates a platform for successful business partnerships. Included in French lessons for business are cultural insights, covering topics like social customs, local business practices and business etiquette. Language students, by grasping these cultural subtleties, can demonstrate respect, avoid misunderstandings, and appropriately adapt their behaviour in varied business situations.
- Cross-Cultural Negotiation Strategies: In business transactions, negotiation is a cornerstone, and mastering cross-cultural negotiation strategies is essential for achieving mutually beneficial outcomes. Business-oriented French classes offer insights into cultural influences on decision-making, negotiation techniques, and effective communication techniques for navigating complicated negotiations with largely French-speaking associates. Students, armed with these skills, can negotiate with confidence and finesse, leveraging their cultural and linguistic competencies to secure favourable deals and partnerships.
- Business Vocabulary and Communication Skills: Prioritising the acquisition of vocabulary related to finance, corporate management, negotiations and marketing, are just some of the things on which business-related French lessons are focused. Participants learn how to draft professional quality emails, conduct meetings, deliver presentations, and engage in effective business correspondence in The french language. Business professionals can seamlessly navigate multicultural interactions and build long-lasting connections with French-speaking associates, enabled by mastery of these communication skills.
In a nutshell, French lessons tailored for business offer a winning formula to success in the global marketplace. These specialist programmes, by empowering individuals and organisations with strategic negotiation skills, cultural competence and linguistic proficiency, enable them to forge meaningful connections, navigate global markets, and seize valuable business opportunities. By embracing theof commerce and diplomacy, businesses can unlock a world of possibilities and catapult themselves towards greater success and prosperity on the global arena.
The Main Benefits of Learning French
Learning a new language is a terrific way to widen your cultural knowledge, enhance your professional and personal opportunities and improve your communication skills. A language that offers numerous benefits is French. The following are just a few of the advantages of learning this wonderful language.
- Improve cognitive skills, such as problem-solving abilities, memory and mental agility.
- French is the 5th in the world, allowing communication with over 300 million people.
- Improve job prospects, especially in international relations, the culinary arts and fashion.
- Understanding and appreciation of French literature, cuisine, art and culture.
To conclude, learning French offers numerous benefits, including the ability to improve your cognitive skills, appreciate French culture, the ability to communicate with people from different countries and backgrounds and increase your chances of success in employment. Learning any new language is a worthwhile investment in your professional and personal development, and French is one of the best languages to learn.
Footnote: French is the only official language in these countries: Monaco, Guinea, Congo, Ivory Coast, Benin, Burkina Faso, France, Niger, Senegal, Gabon and Mali. It is also widely spoken in: Djibouti, Switzerland, Central African Republic, Canada, Cameroon, Seychelles, Vanuatu, Haiti, Madagascar, Luxembourg, Equatorial Guinea, Burundi, Rwanda, Chad, Comoros and Belgium.
Beginning French Lessons in Carlton - Your First 3 Steps
So you are considering startingin Carlton, good on you! You will get more benefits from learning a new language than you ever imagined. In addition to the obvious reasons; family, career benefits, holidays, there are also better exam scores for young children, and improved clarity and cognitive abilities for the older generation. But, truth be told, learning another language can be an intimidating task, therefore, it's imperative to start in the right way, below are some practical steps to assist you in your beginner French lessons in Carlton;
First, you'll need a powerful incentive to learn French, as with any serious undertaking, it must be your primary goal throughout the forthcoming months. You will want to jot down your top 10 reasons for learning French and attach them prominently to your bathroom mirror or fridge, where you will notice them every day. You must commit to a daily routine of at least 30 days. Arrange a time and place and practice or learn every day for thirty days. It's well known that if you can maintain a routine for 30 days, it develops into a habit.
You will need a decent audio course, split into easy lessons and well organised, (every day for the first thirty days, remember)(remember, each day for the first thirty days). This needn't be expensive. You need to begin right now. Why hang about? While you may not be a fluent speaker inside thirty days (or perhaps you will!), you will be well on your way and it's probable that you will be able to communicate quite well. It's not even necessary to purchase anything straight away; the best paid online courses come with free lessons so you can evaluate their product!
So, there you have it, to recap; for commencing French lessons in Carlton you will require;
- To get a good program or course.
- To setup a thirty day routine, make it a habit.
- A powerful incentive, reminded every day.
French Exam Preparation
Frenchis of utmost importance for students in Carlton who seek to excel in their assessments. Success can be ensured by implementing several key strategies. Commencing with the dedication of ample time to studying and reviewing essential verb conjugations, vocabulary and grammar rules is of utmost importance. Equally important for improving language skills is the regular practice of reading, speaking, listening, and writing French. Guidance and practice opportunities that are valuable can be acquired by utilising previous exam papers, online resources and textbooks. Additional support and feedback are available by seeking assistance from language exchange partners, teachers or tutors. Also, the creation of a study schedule, organisational skills, and efficient time management are vital for well-rounded exam preparation.
Understanding and retention can be heightened by actively engaging in learning techniques. Language applications, mnemonic tools and flashcards can be effective tools for memorising vocabulary and verb conjugations. Connecting with French native speakers through language exchange programs or conversation groups enables individuals to refine their listening and speaking abilities, enhancing the authenticity of theirusage. With diligent effort and unwavering practice, students in Carlton can confidently face their French exams and achieve desired outcomes. (63337 - French Exam Preparation Carlton)
French Lessons Near Carlton
Also here.: St Annes French lessons, Colwick French lessons, Mapperley French lessons, Lowdham French lessons, Gedling French lessons, Gunthorpe French lessons, Newton French lessons, Lambley French lessons, Woodthorpe French lessons, Bulcote French lessons, Caythorpe French lessons, Bakers Field French lessons and more. There are devoted teachers who give French lessons and language instruction in practically all of these areas. In the pursuit of learning the , both young and old local students find invaluable support from these passionate teachers who assume a crucial role. From vocabulary and grammar to pronunciation and cultural subtleties, their knowledge in acquisition is extensive. Local students interested in taking can easily seek more information and make enquiries by simply clicking the provided link
French Tutor Carlton
Local Carlton French teachers will be glad to assist you with numerous linguistic services, including such things as: children's French lessons Carlton, French courses, French evening lessons, local French lessons Carlton,, intermediate French lessons, Skype French lessons, , French as a foreign language, French instruction, French language lessons, French tutorials Carlton, , in person French lessons Carlton, French studies, private tuition, CNED courses, Carlton, French pronunciation and accent coaching in Carlton, , , short summer courses, French exam preparation in Carlton, , French tuition, French classes, French basics Carlton, conversational French, French language courses, , and more. These are just a selection of the services that can be provided by a local French tutor. Carlton students can get these and other language related courses.
French Tutors Carlton - French Tutor Carlton - Learning French Carlton - French Lessons Carlton - French Teachers Carlton - French Tuition Carlton - French Lesson Carlton - French for Beginners Carlton - French Classes Carlton | <urn:uuid:6acc517f-eacf-47e7-a905-70b38529ff3a> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.french-lessons.uk/carlton.html | 2024-04-12T14:42:19Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.953073 | 4,222 | 4,812 |
This gateway to HubSpot's acclaimed marketing suite offers a robust selection of features designed to streamline your marketing operations, from email marketing and content creation to social media management and analytics. Without spending a dime, you gain access to a suite of tools that not only enhance your marketing efforts but also provide valuable insights into your campaigns' performance, allowing for data-driven decisions that propel your business forward.
Whether you're a small startup looking to establish your online presence or a seasoned marketer aiming to optimize your strategies, HubSpot's Free Marketing tool stands as a testament to the company's commitment to supporting businesses of all sizes. As we delve deeper into its capabilities, you'll discover how this powerful, cost-effective solution can revolutionize the way you connect with your audience, nurture leads, and drive conversions, setting the stage for sustained growth and success in the competitive online marketplace.
What is Hubspot Marketing Free?
Hubspot's Free Marketing tool is a powerful marketing tool that offers a wide range of features to help businesses grow and succeed. Whether you're looking to automate your email marketing campaigns, build landing pages, or manage your leads, Hubspot's Free Marketing tool has got you covered.
One of the best things about this tool is that it's free! You can get started with the tool without spending a dime. However, as your business grows, you may need to upgrade to one of Hubspot's paid plans to access additional features and customization options. To find out more about Hubspot's paid plans, check out this Hubspot pricing breakdown.
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Understanding Hubspot Marketing Free
If you're a small business owner or just starting with your online marketing efforts, you may have heard of Hubspot's Free Marketing tool. This free version of Hubspot's full marketing suite is designed to help businesses automate their marketing tasks, drive traffic, and convert leads into sales. But what exactly is Hubspot's Free Marketing tool, and what are its key features? Let's take a closer look.
Key Features of Hubspot Marketing Free
Hubspot's Free Marketing tool comes packed with many features that are useful for online businesses. Let's take a closer look at some of these features:
With Hubspot's Free Marketing tool, you have the power to craft visually stunning emails with ease. Utilize customizable templates, personalized tokens, and automated features to create professional-looking emails that engage your audience.
Track the performance of your email campaigns effortlessly and use valuable insights to enhance your results over time. Whether it's measuring open rates, click-through rates, or conversion rates, Hubspot's comprehensive analytics make it simple to optimize your email marketing strategy for maximum impact.
Creating landing pages is a crucial aspect of any digital marketing strategy, but it can often be a time-consuming and challenging task. However, with the help of Hubspot Marketing Free, building landing pages has never been easier. Whether you prefer to use customizable templates or a custom builder, this tool allows you to create stunning landing pages quickly and effortlessly.
This feature is especially beneficial for businesses looking to drive targeted traffic to specific pages on their website, ultimately increasing conversion rates and generating more leads. With Hubspot Marketing Free, you can take your online presence to the next level and make a lasting impression on your audience.
Hubspot's Free Marketing tool also offers a live chat feature that allows you to connect with visitors on your website in real-time. This feature can help you provide immediate support to your customers and improve their overall experience with your brand.
By engaging with visitors in real-time through live chat, you can address their questions or concerns promptly, offer personalized assistance, and guide them through their customer journey on your website. This interactive and responsive approach not only enhances customer satisfaction but also helps to build trust and loyalty towards your brand. The live chat feature serves as a valuable tool for fostering meaningful connections with your audience and ultimately driving conversions and sales.
Creating forms that are mobile-friendly and GDPR-compliant is crucial in today's digital landscape. With the rise of mobile usage and strict data protection regulations, businesses need to ensure that their forms not only look good on smaller screens but also protect user data.
Hubspot's Free Marketing tool simplifies this process by offering easy-to-use form creation tools that are optimized for mobile devices and adhere to GDPR guidelines. By seamlessly integrating these forms into your website or social media platforms, you can streamline the lead capture process and enhance the user experience for your audience. Hubspot's user-friendly interface and customizable options make it a valuable tool for businesses looking to stay ahead in the ever-evolving digital marketing realm.
Effective lead management is the backbone of a successful business strategy. By utilizing Hubspot's Free Marketing tool, you have the power to streamline your lead management process with its intuitive drag-and-drop workflow builder, advanced scoring system, and precise segmentation features. These tools enable you to effortlessly pinpoint your highest quality leads and tailor your marketing efforts towards converting them into loyal customers.
Identifying and nurturing leads is essential for sustained growth and profitability. With Hubspot's Free Marketing tool at your disposal, you have the ability to not only manage your leads effectively but also optimize your marketing strategies to drive tangible results. By leveraging the platform's innovative features, you can create personalized experiences for your leads, cultivate strong relationships, and ultimately drive business success.
Measuring the ROI of your marketing efforts is crucial for the success of your business. With Hubspot's Free Marketing tool, you have access to user-friendly reports that not only track your website's performance but also provide valuable insights into the success of your campaigns.
By analyzing these reports, you can pinpoint areas for improvement and make data-driven decisions to optimize your marketing strategies for maximum impact. Hubspot's tool empowers you to make informed decisions that drive growth and success for your business.
How Hubspot Marketing Free Compares to Paid Plans
While this is an excellent tool for small businesses, it may not meet the needs of larger businesses or those with more complex marketing strategies. In this case, upgrading to one of Hubspot's paid plans may be necessary.
Hubspot offers three paid plans: Starter, Professional, and Enterprise. These plans provide additional features and customization options, depending on the plan's level. For example, the Professional plan includes features such as A/B testing, custom reporting, and predictive lead scoring, while the Enterprise plan offers even more advanced features such as custom event triggers and revenue attribution reporting.
Ultimately, the plan you choose will depend on your business's specific needs and goals. Whether you're just starting with your online marketing efforts or looking to take your business to the next level, Hubspot's Free Marketing tool is an excellent tool to help you grow and succeed.
Getting Started with Hubspot Marketing Free
Hubspot's Free Marketing tool is a powerful marketing tool that can help you grow your business. Here's how to get started with Hubspot Marketing free and get the most out of its features.
Setting Up Your Account
The first step in using Hubspot's Free Marketing tool is to create an account. This is a simple process that only takes a few minutes. To create an account, visit the website and click on the "Get started for free" button. You'll be prompted to fill out some basic information, including your name, email address, and website URL. Once you've filled out the required information, click on the "Create my account" button.
After you create your account, you'll receive access to your dashboard and all the features within Hubspot's Free Marketing tool. You can start exploring the features and begin setting up your account.
Navigating the Dashboard
The dashboard is easy to navigate. On the left-hand side, you'll see a navigation menu that includes all of the features available. This menu is organized into different categories, such as "Contacts," "Marketing," and "Sales." When you click on a category, you'll see a list of features related to that category.
On the right-hand side of the dashboard, you'll see all the data and reports related to the feature you're using. The dashboard is customizable and lets you create an even more specific dashboard that shows the metrics that matter the most to your business. You can drag and drop different modules to create a dashboard that's tailored to your needs.
Integrating Hubspot with Your Website
To get the most out of Hubspot's Free Marketing tool, you'll need to integrate it with your website. Integrating is easy, and Hubspot provides step-by-step tutorials to help you through the process. Integrating your website will enable Hubspot to track your website's performance, measure the effectiveness of your marketing efforts, and provide you with insights into your leads and customers.
Hubspot provides different integration options depending on your website's platform. If you're using WordPress, for example, you can use the Hubspot WordPress plugin to integrate your website. If you're using a different platform, you can use Hubspot's tracking code to integrate your website.
Once you've integrated your website, you can start using Hubspot's features to attract and engage your customers. You can create landing pages, email campaigns, and social media posts to promote your business. You can also track your website's performance and measure the effectiveness of your marketing efforts.
Utilizing Hubspot's Marketing Tools
Hubspot's Free Marketing tool is an all-in-one marketing platform that offers a variety of tools to help businesses grow and engage with their audience. Let's take a closer look at some of the key features of Hubspot's marketing tools, including email campaigns, landing pages and forms, and live chat and chatbots.
Creating and Managing Email Campaigns
Email marketing is a powerful tool for businesses looking to engage with their audience and drive conversions. With Hubspot's Free Marketing tool, you can create and manage email campaigns with ease. The platform offers a wide range of pre-designed templates that are fully customizable, allowing you to create emails that are on-brand and visually appealing.
In addition to design, Hubspot's email marketing tool also allows you to set up automation to send emails at the right time. For example, you can create a series of emails that are automatically sent to new subscribers over a period of time, helping to nurture leads and build relationships with your audience.
One of the key benefits of Hubspot's email marketing tool is the ability to track and measure the effectiveness of your campaigns. The platform provides insights into your email's open and click rates, making it easy to see which emails are resonating with your audience and which ones need improvement.
Building Landing Pages and Forms
A landing page is a standalone web page that is designed to convert visitors into leads or customers. With Hubspot's Free Marketing tool, you can create beautiful landing pages without needing to hire a designer. The platform offers a drag-and-drop landing page builder, making it easy to customize templates or build your own unique landing page from scratch.
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11 October 2013
In Prison Camp:
Messiaen 'Quatuor pour la Fin du Temps'
Professor Christpher Hogwood CBE
Good afternoon. Welcome to our series in this new building. It is known as the musicians’ church. If anybody is interested, you can find Henry Wood’s ashes, and many other musical monuments in this side chapel, very much used for concerts now, and I am very familiar with this building from rehearsals. So, it is London’s musicians’ church, and therefore a different style of architecture from the style we were familiar with last year, in Spitalfields, but equally appropriate to the business of music.
I should just say a word about the complete programme of the year because I wanted to invent a new letter of the alphabet – I wanted to have a letter than was an “N” with an extra cross piece in it, a double letter which does not exist, so that you could have both “content” and “context” because there is very little chance in music of getting away, in practical terms, from the business of the context of music and the content of music. Academically, you might be able to defend it; in practical terms, the two are very bound up, so it came out, in the end, as “Music in Context”. What I will be dealing with in these six lectures is a question both of the setting in which music takes place, or is designed to take place, and also the provocation that makes the music happen in the first place – that is its reason for existing and also the place in which it happens to exist.
Not all music has an abstract purpose, of course. We tend to glorify music as being the art which is most abstracted from things that pull it down to worldly or verbal levels. There are many reasons for music happening which are not quite as abstract as you might like: there can be music for teaching; you can have music for dancing; you can, as you will find in a later lecture, music for advertising – for filling any blank space, in fact. It can act as a vehicle for virtuosity rather than having any real content. It can also advertise the wealth of the patron, the person who is paying for it, at the creative moment, and of course, you will remember that the Goldberg Variations by Bach were written to fill the sleepless moments of an insomniac employer. So, there are many functions that music can fulfil in addition to it being good music.
I think you can never escape really from the historical facts that music has an origin. That may not be the entire story, but it has to be taken on-board, and we hope that the origin will not be the whole story of the piece, but it is an essential component of its DNA. Sometimes, it can lift itself above the start, as you will find I think with music designed, in the first instance, for advertising, or music designed, in the first place, for being teaching material rather than concert material. I suspect, in the end, when we have done these six different topics that you find listed in your programme, we will conclude that good music can rise above its origins, or its context, and less good music may be better understood in terms of how it originated, so we are all gainers really in this business.
It is possible, of course, to have music which arises from no particular objective and with no great background intention – simply good, pure, simple, abstract music that will come out. That example, I have put at the end of the year’s sequence – it is the Schubert Quintet, which seems to me to have no reason for having been created or for existing, other than it was just wonderful music which had to be written, but lacking any other context – it has purely content.
The remainder of the pieces, I think, in the year, you will see can all be taken out of their first context and set-up in any other, but, nevertheless, they will always carry the hallmark of these origins to some extent, and we will look more deeply into what happens at the originating stage.
You will have realised, after three years of hearing me talking on music, that I am not a great advocate of this sort of “warm bath” approach to music – nice, you know, just lean back, relax and let it wash over you. I suspect you are on my side in this, that I think you want to know more about it. We will try to provide more about it, and also a healthy proportion of live music played by members of the Royal Academy of Music, who will be providing the music in all six of these lectures, and I think the digging into this music and the hearing it played live are the two main facets, I think, of this series.
Notice, just as a warning, that, this year, we are on different days of the week. I am told to remind you that, although it is Friday today, you will see on the list that other lectures happen on Thursdays and one rogue lecture happens on a Wednesday, so please do not come for the Wednesday lecture on a Thursday here or you will find something else going on, although it will quite possibly be musical, as I say, because this is a musicians’ church, much used for the preparation of music.
Our starting point today is Messiaen and the Quartet for the End of Time. I think it would be hard to guess from its title, or from listening to it, if anybody already is familiar with this piece, you would not guess that its origin was a prisoner of war camp, a concentration camp. It may look a shocking way of starting a series, but it certainly points up the business of the context in the starting DNA of this music.
Concentration camp, in most people’s mind, takes you to Terezin, Theresienstadt, the most famous of the camps in the last War, which was set up in what is now the Czech Republic, as a specific place for grouping musicians. It had symphony orchestras, opera companies, a number of composers went there, and never came back from there – so you have names like Schulhoff and Haas and Gideon Klein. That is a well-publicised end of classical music I think, in the wartime regime. The one we are dealing with today is not so extreme, but it could have felt similarly dangerous to the people involved.
This is 1940s France. The Germans have just arrived on the scene. The English have just left the scene, via Dunkirk, and lots of French were moving around trying to get away from the threat of being found in Paris when the Germans arrived. Messiaen was amongst these people. I believe he was 31, and he and thousands of others were trying to clear the capital. In Messiaen’s case, he was found in a wood near Nancy, along with many others, and the wood was surrounded and he was taken away, first to a holding camp, where he found one clarinettist friend of his, and then they were all eventually moved on to a camp called Stalag 8A, which is close to Dresden.
Luckily, it was not as dire as one might have thought. Messiaen was quite lucky. He carried very little with him, but the little he did have with him included a score of the Brandenburg Concertos and a score of music by Berg, so he was not badly supplied, and the situation he found in this Stalag 8A was that the commandant was perfectly agreeable to him being given paper and writing materials and able to compose. At first, there was no piano, and even when there was a piano, it was pretty dire, as I will tell you later, but he had a clarinettist friend, there was a violinist with a violin, and there was a cellist, with three strings on the cello, not four, and they somehow had to bargain for an extra string being found so that this could make something unusual for Messiaen, who does not go in for writing chamber music. Basically, this was enforced by the situation, so very much the context in which this piece started was one of deprivation, and Messiaen was reduced to the four instruments that he had.
He himself said that he composed, “…first of all, to escape from the snow, from the War, from captivity and from myself. The greatest benefit,” he said, “that I drew from it all was that, in the midst of 30,000 prisoners,” – it was a very big holding camp, this – “I was not one.” So, his view of music for the imprisoned is that it sets you free.
He composed the piece, as I say, around the facilities he had – very slight, very poor. He eventually got an upright piano moved in, but he did say, when you put the keys down, many of them did not come up again. This could be a reason that some of the music is extremely slow in this piece, but not in all movements, where it really moves along.
He explains the first concert, where they gathered together 5,000 prisoners, and Messiaen says he was sitting at this upright piano, with many keys not functioning, and his three friends around him. He was dressed, he said, in rags and tags, part of a Czech Army uniform, and he was wearing clogs, and the audience of 5,000, he said, included all classes – “peasants, labourers, intellectuals, career soldiers, medics, priests, etc.” Priests come at the end of the list, but they have an important bearing on this whole concept.
The title is not as clear, I think, in English as it would have been in French – Quatuor pour la Fin du Temps. We call it Quartet for the End of Time, but to a French speaker, it could be the end of time, also it could be end of tempo and measured time – it has more musical references in French than in English.
I find Messiaen’s language quite easy to pull apart and describe, and he found so himself – he wrote acres describing his technique of composing and his particular musical language. What I cannot do, and will not start to do, is try to explain what it is and how it works, but we can show you some examples.
So, musicians, you can gather yourselves up here and we can pull out a few plums from this piece…
This is more the content than the context, but I think Messiaen’s language is something that one can sink oneself in quite happily. His written language is, I have to say, very rich and goes almost completely over my head, but I will give you a few quotes and you can see whether you think his view of his own music in any way answers up to what you feel or hear when you absorb it.
Do you want to do a little tuning…?
In the first instance, this quartet exists because this is what happened to be there, so it is the absolute starting point of writing this piece, to Messiaen, was not one of choosing a quartet. It is not something, I think, he ever found congenial. There is hardly any chamber music from Messiaen at all. He lived a long life, and died in the ‘90s, but he wrote much church music, organ music, large orchestral music, only one other piece that could really be classified as chamber music, so this was imposed upon him.
The elements of his language, though, he had already worked out well in advance. He had held a position in Paris as an organist. He was a prodigy, both performer and composer. He was intellectual and also of religious fervour that goes a long way beyond what most people dream of, and his imagery for religious experiences blends into a type of description that is very suited to the Book of Revelations. It is beyond most people’s vision. He invented and controlled the forces of musical language in a way that are very particular to him. Although he was a very experienced teacher and had many pupils, not many people adopted the musical language and vocabulary and rules that Messiaen himself laid out for his own composing.
We will take a few spot examples. There is the question of the harmonies that he used. He worked on what he called a modal system, so not normal scales and tonalities that you are accustomed to in classical, and baroque and classical, and early romantic music, wafting away into strings, you would previously have said impressionistic harmonies – Messiaen never did. He always linked them to a very strictly controlled sequence of repeated possibilities, and the sort of chords you get are the sort of chords that the piano first plays in the very first movement of this piece.
They give you a slightly eerie sense of being neither resolved nor completely unresolved – that is, all of them have a very luscious French quality, they sound nice as individual pieces, but do you really feel that one has to move onto the next chord, and when you have got to the next chord, do you really feel it has got to move on to some chord following, or is it a world in itself?
Just play them again, and let us have lots of time between each one and see whether you think that could be the end or it really insists that another chord has to fulfil it…
That was it! The language, I find, is very attractive. The chords themselves are very sensual. The obligation to move from one to another, to have harmonic tension and resolution, hardly appears in there at all. You can connect all this, of course, with the idea of the end of time or, better probably, “There shall be no more times,” the Book of Revelations says. When the concept of time has finished, then you cannot have a first chord that has to resolve onto a second chord because each could last an eternity.
That is one element of his harmonic language, and there is a modal element, very complicated, if you want to pursue it. Through his own writings, he will explain to you why notes follow each other in a very preordained and cleverly worked out system, which is as strict as the normal scales and harmonies that we are accustomed to in classical and early romantic music, but in a different language.
Rhythm is another thing where Messiaen throws us slightly. He was very interested in prime numbers, like five, seven, eleven and so on. Five, seven, eleven and other prime numbers are not the numbers you are most familiar with in normal standard classical baroque romantic music. You will be dealing in four or eight, and something that you can march to, and something where the pulse stays on a predictable basis – that is, if the toreador starts singing, [sings], you are pretty sure it is going to go on, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, and so on, much of the time. There is the feeling that the march of time has already been measured out and you know where the next beat is going to fall and you can march, or dance, or anything else that you use functional music for, with a fair degree of being sure that the thing is not going to suddenly shift its measure.
Messiaen saw no need for this, and one of his ways of freeing up one of the other interpretations at the end of time was an end of measured time, as the French would say, what is the pulse of the piece, and a march can go one-two-three-four, and if we want normally extra notes in our march, we do it by stealing from a long note and inserting it while on the run, so you could one-and-two-and-three-and-four, one-and-a-two-and-a-three-and-a-four. Messiaen, equally simply, but more unusually to our ears, would say, if you wanted this extra note, you just add it in, so you get one-two-and-three-four-and-five-six, and however many, and then he groups his pulses according to his principles of prime numbers and a great interest in Eastern music – Indian Hindu music, the music of the gamelan, Indonesian music - constructs which give a rhythmic shape to things, which is impossible to dance to, I think is the first thing. Could you possibly dance to any movement from this piece? I think you never are quite sure where your feet are going to fall because you reach the end of time and there is no guarantee that time is going to exist in the next bar, and you will stumble, but the requisite number of notes that are needed for his modal system will be there. It is a nice way, in fact, of separating the concept of the rhythmic power of the piece and the melodic power of the piece. Normally, we are used to these two being more or less integrated, with strong beats and strong notes, and melodies fall on requisite beats of the bar. Now, for Messiaen, he can stretch the number of notes in the bar and the length of the bar, exactly as far as he wants it to go, with all the extra notes inserted as extras, not accommodated within this pulse. So, I defy anybody to stand up and dance to this music, or even to beat time successfully to this music! He just adds, I cannot say randomly, but even he admitted that all the tricks he was using, and the rules he had made for the music, were not things you had to carry in your head or expect to hear as the music proceeded – they were explanations of how its DNA had been controlled.
A particular example I think is useful, because it is not a modern example, things that operate on a rhythmic pattern – this was known even to medieval composers. If you take a random formulaic system of beats, say two plus seven plus three plus nine plus two plus four plus something, and they build up, and then you reverse them, so in fact you have a palindrome – you reach the middle of your piece and then, towards the end of the piece, this numerical sequence reverses on itself. Well, of course, you do not know that when you are listening to the piece because music does operate in the march of time. However much Messiaen would like to switch off time, music occurs like this – it does not all occur at one moment. So, how are you to know that the sequence of numbers you are meeting now, even if you heard them, is going to come at you in reverse in four or five minutes’ time? These are constructional things, and he was the first person to say this is not something either players have to be incredibly aware of, and nor should a listener, perhaps at all, be aware of.
One other element that is very strong and begins, I think, in this piece of Messiaen and later becomes a very strong facet in his musical vocabulary, and that is birdsong. He decided that the songs of individual birds, which he catalogued and notated, later, birds, he decided, were the opposite of time. It is a slightly gnomic saying, but he saw that it is true – you cannot beat time to a bird singing. The bird will sing for as long as a symphony orchestra plays, but the symphony orchestra you can measure off in bars and beats, birdsong very rarely, although it is clearly constructed and controlled and, every year, we find people changing our definition of what we used to call “bird-brained” by showing us that the birds actually are much cleverer than we thought they were, and there are amazing mathematical sequences in their birdsong, just the same as in their heads they have the ability to navigate from Scotland to North Africa and back and reach the tree they left last year. That is not a “bird-brain” I think doing that, in the conventional sense.
Messiaen then combines all these things. Let us just listen, shall we, to a little bit of the very first movement of this piece, the Liturgy of Crystal. He has some quite highfaluting descriptions of what is going on in all this, but here is a combination of the elements that we have heard. There is the clarinet, which you are playing, expanded music, it is undanceable, unmeasured music, because of these little notes. The violin is being birdsong at this time. The cello is just supplying icing at this moment, I think, in this. Can you defend it on any other grounds? Very beautiful, harmonic effects music, effects music… And the piano is delivering these modal chords, every one of them very carefully calculated. No one of them, I feel, demanding more explanation, but yet, every time there is a following chord, it feels correct.
There is absolutely nothing, I think, in that to suggest the context of a prisoner of war camp, so you have content and context, completely divorced there.
There is, of course, in all Messiaen’s descriptions of what he is doing, in all his music, a very strong theological content, and you can see in your programmes, from the titles of the movements in the Quatuor, that almost all of them derive from something or other to do with the Book of Revelations. He said, in the little lecture he gave these prisoners before the first performance in sub-zero temperatures, he says: “I told them, first of all, that this quartet was written for the end of time, not as a play on words about the time of captivity, but for the ending of concepts of past and future – that is, for the beginning of eternity, much mentioned in the titles, and in this, I relied on the magnificent text of the Book of Revelations.”
Well, he was quite selective with his text from the Book of Revelations, but he quotes certain chunks of it: “And I saw another mighty angel come down from Heaven, clothed with a cloud, and the rainbow was upon his head, and his face was as it were the Sun, and his feet as pillars of fire, and his left foot on the Earth, and the angel, which I saw stand upon the sea and upon the Earth, lifted up his hand to Heaven and swore by him that lived forever and ever that there should be time no longer, and in the days of the voice of the seventh angel, when he shall begin to sound, the mystery of God should be finished.” He was selective with what he took from Revelations, but you can see the concept of what is there.
The other thing that he gets quite expansive about in his descriptions of what he had in his mind was the question of colour. Again, I can report this to you and we can note that this is what he felt about it. He said, during his captivity, it was “coloured dreams which gave birth to the chords and rhythms of my Quatuor”, and he writes what amounts to a literary fantasy in itself, explaining the sort of colours that he had in his mind. Here is a little sample. He said: “For me, the first transposition of mode two,” – this was what was underneath those harmonies you first saw – “is defined like this: blue violet rocks, speckled with little grey cubes, cobalt blue, deep Prussian blue, highlighted by a bit of violet purple, gold, red, ruby, and stars of mauve, black and white – blue violet is dominant.” That is already quite a handful of colours!
The thing is, these modes could be just transposed up and down the keyboard – you hear them in different transpositions.
Moving up a semitone, the same mode which I think I, and many people, would just read as being the same sequence of harmonic clusters, comes out as completely different colours. He admits it is totally different, and this time, he says, one semitone higher: “It is gold and silver spirals against a background of brown and ruby red vertical stripes - gold and browns are dominant.”
In the next transposition, a semitone up, you get: “Light green, prairie green foliage with specks of blue, silver and reddish orange – dominant is green” – and so it goes on. It sounds rather like an interior decorating brochure or a fashion house handout, but these are amazing visions that he finds the colours are part of the translated version of what he is writing musically. Maybe some people can hear such chords as such specific colours and also the differences when they transpose. I cannot vouch for it, except that I know I do not, although I do like those strings of descriptions and colours, and I think if you listen to those individual chords and think that, to some people, they consist of all these clusters of colours, then every chord could take on a slightly different refractive colour.
So, that is another of his components. Sometimes, I think, these things that mystics explain to us, sometimes the explanation is more problematic than leaving the original mystic vision unexplained. But, still, it is the world of interconnections I think that makes the fascination in itself.
You have this picture in his mind of given colours, given modes, harmonies, strange, additive rhythms that cannot be danced to – this is the world’s most undanceable music – and this question of “Is it the end of time or just the absence of time?” What Revelations says is “Time shall be no more,” so it is not like you are arriving at the end of the world or the end of your imprisonment – it is just an absence of time.
Birdsong has this view, to Messiaen, and one of the movements in the piece is given entirely to the solo clarinet, which is the Abyss of Birds… This is a purely solo declamation of the ideas of the modes, the pictures of an abyss, maybe – it is hard sometimes to know how picturesquely, figuratively or literally you should interpret the line of the music, but certainly I think, for almost everybody, birdsong is birdsong. It is unmeasurable, it is undanceable, but it is certainly absolutely recognisable.
You might think that could have been extemporised. It is not totally notated. It has all the double characteristics of the complete range of the clarinet, which is an extraordinary range anyway, for effects of abyss. It has the double character of a clarinet playing and a bird singing. It has a full range of precisely notated, I think – nothing is left to chance though I think. You might not know that.
Now let us go to the sixth movement of the piece – we have to skip for little examples. Here is the Dance of Fury, the seven trumpets, which Messiaen said you should hear gongs and colours of all sorts. The point of this is that all instruments play but there is only one line. The whole thing is, I must say, I think nerve-wracking experiment in synchronising, because one slip and you are dead! It goes fast, and it has these additive rhythms, so there is no way of you measuring the pulse in equal segments, and it really is, it is full of the imagery and the colours that Messiaen had in his head, but, unlike the clarinet solo, this is everybody playing practically all the time and, fingers crossed, totally in unison or octaves.
Having proved they can operate absolutely as equals, we now go on to them operating entirely in free space and no time…
© Professor Christopher Hogwood CBE, 2013 | <urn:uuid:2994bce4-601d-4a6c-947c-0fc0ef6c64ba> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.gresham.ac.uk/watch-now/prison-camp-messiaen-quatuor-pour-la-fin-du-temps | 2024-04-12T14:01:42Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.983594 | 5,890 | 6,119 |
Ця стаття також доступна українською мовою тут.
[Editor’s Note: This article is part of a Just Security series, Prosecuting the Crime of Aggression Against Ukraine. All articles in the series can be found here.]
Part III of this series touched upon the concept of immunities. This post expands on that issue and explains why personal immunities enjoyed by sitting heads of State, heads of government, and ministers for foreign affairs (“the troika”) before foreign domestic criminal courts and tribunals do not represent a bar to their prosecution for crimes under international law before international criminal courts and tribunals, including the proposed Special Tribunal for the Crime of Aggression (“STCoA”).
1. Personal Immunities Do Not Apply Before International Criminal Courts and Tribunals under Customary International Law
The Distinction between National and International Criminal Courts and Tribunals
The International Court of Justice (“ICJ”) is clear that personal immunities do not bar prosecution before certain international courts and tribunals. In its 2002 Yerodia Judgment, the ICJ created a distinction in the enforcement of crimes under customary international law before foreign domestic courts and before international courts and tribunals. It established that a sitting head of state, head of government, or (by analogy) a minister for foreign affairs enjoys personal immunities from jurisdiction before foreign domestic courts (para. 51). Yet, it found that no such immunities apply before international criminal courts and tribunals (para. 61). While the notion of personal immunities before foreign domestic courts remains somewhat controversial (see, e.g., Yerodia, separate and dissenting opinions), the distinction informs the current status of international law. As long as the individual remains in office, only an international criminal court or tribunal may prosecute a head of state, head of government, or minister for foreign affairs for crimes under customary international law. Accountability of an incumbent head of state, head of government, or minister for foreign affairs before foreign domestic courts must wait (unless their personal immunity is waved by their own government) until their term in office ends.
Judicial Rulings Confirm that Personal Immunities Do Not Apply before International Courts and Tribunals
International courts and tribunals have repeatedly recognized that personal immunities do not apply before international criminal courts and tribunals prosecuting crimes under customary international law.
Significantly, the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (“ICTY”) confirmed the indictment against former President Slobodan Milošević of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and transmitted his arrest warrant to all U.N. Member States at a time when Milošević was still a sitting head of state (Decision on Review of the Indictment and Application for Consequential Orders, ICTY, May 24, 1999).
That personal immunities do not attach before an international criminal court or tribunal was then confirmed by the ICJ in its Yerodia Judgment. The Yerodia case concerned a Congolese foreign minister facing an arrest warrant issued by a Belgian court for crimes under international law allegedly committed before his tenure as foreign minister. The ICJ held that the foreign minister enjoyed immunity before the Belgian court. In reaching the ruling, the ICJ differentiated between foreign domestic courts and “certain international criminal courts” before which such immunity for heads of state, heads of government, and ministers for foreign affairs would not attach.
Specifically, the ICJ explained:
an incumbent or former Minister for Foreign Affairs may be subject to criminal proceedings before certain international criminal courts, where they have jurisdiction. Examples include the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, established pursuant to Security Council resolutions under Chapter VI1 of the United Nations Charter, and the future International Criminal Court created by the 1998 Rome [Treaty]. (para. 61, emphasis added.)
Importantly, the ICTY, International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, and International Criminal Court (“ICC”) were only given as examples to illustrate the point. The ICJ did not preclude other tribunals from also constituting international criminal courts or tribunals before which personal immunities would not attach.
Applying Yerodia, the Appeals Chamber of the Special Court for Sierra Leone (“SCSL”) ruled in its Decision on Immunity from Jurisdiction, Prosecutor v. Taylor, that no such immunities attach for a head of state before an internationally established court such as the SCSL. The case involved the challenge by Charles Taylor (the Head of State of Liberia at the time) to an SCSL indictment for crimes under international law committed in Sierra Leone. The SCSL later tried Taylor after he left office, but the challenge pertained to whether immunities would preclude his indictment while a sitting head of state.
Specifically, the Appeals Chamber concluded that “the principle seems now established that the sovereign equality of states does not prevent a Head of State from being prosecuted before an international criminal tribunal or court.” (para 52). This result attaches because of
the principle that one sovereign state does not adjudicate on the conduct of another state; the principle of state immunity derives from the equality of sovereign states and therefore has no relevance to international criminal tribunals which are not organs of a state but derive their mandate from the international community. (para. 51).
As to why the SCSL constituted an international tribunal, the Appeals Chamber noted the SCSL’s establishment by bilateral treaty, initiated by a resolution issued by the U.N. Security Council (UNSCR 1315), although the SCSL observed that the Security Council was not acting under its Chapter VII powers (para. 38). The Appeals Chamber also noted that under Article 24(1) of the U.N. Charter, “in carrying out its duties under its responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security, the Security Council acts on behalf of the members of the United Nations.” Thus, the bilateral agreement between the U.N. and Sierra Leone was “an agreement between all members of the United Nations and Sierra Leone,” which made it “an expression of the will of the international community” as a whole (para. 38), and therefore the court was “truly international.” (para. 38). In reaching its conclusion, the Appeals Chamber clarified that “the Special Court is not a national court of Sierra Leone and is not part of the judicial system of Sierra Leone exercising judicial powers of Sierra Leone.” (para. 40.)
Most recently, in the May 2019 Judgment in the Jordan Referral re Al-Bashir Appeal, the ICC’s Appeals Chamber considered Jordan’s failure to arrest then Sudanese President Al-Bashir (against whom warrants had been issued for crimes under international law), when he traveled to the territory of Jordan. In holding that Jordan was under an obligation to arrest Al-Bashir, the Appeals Chamber unanimously ruled: “There is neither State practice nor opinio juristhat would support the existence of Head of State immunity under customary international law vis-à-vis an international court. To the contrary, such immunity has never been recognised in international law as a bar to the jurisdiction of an international court” (para. 1, emphasis added). Accordingly, the Appeals Chamber ruled that the Pre-Trial Chamber did not err when it concluded that “there was no Head of State immunity that would have prevented Jordan from executing the [ICC] warrant for the arrest and surrender” of Al-Bashir (para. 162).
Significantly, the Appeals Chamber confirmed that Article 27(2) of the Rome Statute reflects customary international law (para. 103). That article provides that “[i]mmunities … which may attach to the official capacity of a person, whether under national or international law, shall not bar the Court from exercising its jurisdiction over such a person.”
It is worthy of note that during the proceedings, the African Union had not contested the customary nature of Article 27, but only its applicability on the horizontal level between state parties and non-state parties to the Rome Statute. As regards the position vis-à-vis international courts, the African Union had explicitly recognized the non-applicability of personal immunities of sitting heads of states before the ICC. It confirmed that Article 27(2) “concerns the exercise of jurisdiction by the Court over a person” and “excludes the operation of immunity before the International Criminal Court” (Submission of the African Union, para. 14). Most importantly, this assessment was not based on the Security Council’s referral of the situation; the African Union expressly stated its view that Security Council Resolution 1593 “did not have the effect of removing, whether directly or indirectly, the immunities of President Al Bashir” (id., para. 10).
While there remains some controversy among international legal scholars about the ICC Appeal Chamber’s legal reasoning (for a comprehensive overview see Kress, Commentary on Article 98, paras 90 et seq.), international case law clearly confirms that there is no personal immunity for heads of state, heads of government, and ministers of foreign affairs before an international criminal court or tribunal in proceedings for crimes under customary international law.
2. What Makes an International Court or Tribunal Prosecuting Crimes under Customary International Law an “International” One?
To qualify as a international criminal court or tribunal, a court must fulfill two conditions: (1) it must be established under international law, and (2) it must sufficiently reflect the will of the international community as a whole to enforce crimes under customary international law.
Establishment under International Law
There are two ways of establishing an international criminal court or tribunal under international law: (1) it can be created directly on the basis of a source of international law, or (2) it can be created on the basis of authority derived from a source of international law.
(1) International criminal courts and tribunals can and have been established through international treaties. These treaties may take the form of a multilateral treaty between States, such as the ICC. Alternatively, they may take the form of a bilateral treaty between a State and an international organization, the U.N. for instance, such as with the SCSL.
In the last two decades, international criminal law has also been enforced through “hybrid tribunals.” Internationalized or hybrid courts can offer a broad level of flexibility regarding applicable law, composition of staff, or financialcontributions. However, the establishment of a tribunal as such cannot be “hybrid”; a hybrid tribunal is either established under international law or under domestic law.
Against this background, among frequently cited examples of contemporary internationalized or hybrid courts and tribunals, only the SCSL meets the criteria of a hybrid or internationalized court established by international treaty law. (Article 1 of the Agreement between the United Nations and the Government of Sierra Leone on the establishment of a SCSL clearly announces “[t]here is hereby established a Special Court for Sierra Leone ….”).
By contrast, the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (“ECCC”) were established on the basis of a domestic law. The ECCC’s domestic status is recognized by the accompanying bilateral Agreement, which regulates “the cooperation between the United Nations and the Royal Government of Cambodia in bringing to trial senior leaders of Democratic Kampuchea and those who were most responsible ….” (Art. 1 of the Agreement). A bilateral Accord foresees the establishment of Extraordinary African Chambers within the domestic judicial system of Senegal (Art. 1 of the Accord). Similarly, the Kosovo Specialist Chamber was established under domestic law, after an exchange of letters that may amount to an international treaty.
(2) International criminal courts and tribunals may also be established by authority derived from a treaty as a source of international law. For instance, this could be done through a decision of an organ of an international organization acting within the competencies given to that organ under the treaty establishing the organization. The most prominent examples of such an establishment are the creation by the U.N. Security Council of the ICTY (UNSCR 827) and the ICTR (UNSCR955). (The Special Tribunal for Lebanon (“STL”) (UNSCR 1757), created by the Security Council after the Lebanese Parliament failed to act, only prosecuted crimes under Lebanese law (STL Statute, Arts. 1-2)).
A Court or Tribunal that Sufficiently Reflects the Will of the International Community as a Whole
If incumbent members of the troika enjoy personal immunity before domestic courts but do not enjoy such immunity before international criminal courts or tribunals, the nature of an international criminal court or tribunal must be such that, through its establishment and its institutional design, it is sufficiently detached from national jurisdictions and sufficiently reflects the will of the international community to collectively enforce crimes under customary international law. (See the criteria of an “international criminal court with a credible universal orientation,” Kress, Commentary on Article 98, para. 123 et seq.)
This threshold question has come up regarding international criminal courts and tribunals established by a treaty between States. Could two States create an international criminal court or tribunal on the basis of a bilateral treaty and legitimately dispose of the principle that one sovereign cannot assert jurisdiction over another? What is the necessary number of States participating in a treaty to legitimately create a truly “international” criminal court or tribunal? What number of States Parties would a multilateral treaty need to have to be an expression of the will of the international community as a whole?
The Rome Statute is based on the understanding that there are no immunities applicable before international criminal courts and tribunals. True, Article 27(2) is a treaty provision, by which ratifying States might be considered to have lawfully waived the immunity of members of their national troika. But Article 27(2) is not only applicable to nationals of States Parties that have ratified or accepted the Rome Statute. It is applicable to all accused facing the Court, including nationals of third States (independent of how the jurisdiction of the ICC was triggered in accordance with Article 13). As confirmed by the ICC Appeals Chamber, it is a reflection of customary international law. (Judgment in the Jordan Referral, para. 103). The ICC, and, with it, Article 27, as a reflection of international customary law, became operative upon the deposit of the sixtieth instrument of ratification of the ICC Statute (Art. 126). The drafters of the Rome Statute—as well as the ICJ in its judgment the Yerodia case and the ICC in its Al-Bashir judgment—thus believed that a joint effort of 60 States to adjudicate crimes rooted in customary international law on the basis of a treaty open to universal accession was sufficient to establish a treaty-based international criminal court, which qualifies as a court that could legitimately apply the rule of the non-applicability of personal immunities.
Thus, a court with jurisdiction over crimes under customary international law based on a multilateral treaty open for universal accession with 60 ratifications qualifies as an international criminal court that sufficiently reflects the will of the international community as a whole. Therefore, it seems even more self-evident that an international criminal court or tribunal established by, or on the basis of, a treaty with the U.N., an international organization with 193 member states, qualifies as such. An international criminal court or tribunal established by or with the U.N. would reflect the will of the international community as a whole in the broadest possible way. This holds true for the creation of the ICTY and the ICTR by the Security Council, as a U.N. organ. This holds equally true for the creation of the SCSL through a bilateral treaty between the U.N. and Sierra Leone. Requested by the U.N. Security Council, the Secretary-General entered the bilateral treaty as a representative of the U.N., and as a representative of the international community as a whole.
But the U.N. Security Council is not the only U.N. organ that is competent to address matters of international peace and security. Under the U.N. Charter (Art. 11.1), the General Assembly may also do so. While the General Assembly, unlike the U.N. Security Council, can only make recommendations, this does not prevent it from recommending the establishment of an international criminal court or tribunal by way of a treaty concluded between one or more States and the U.N. (see also Johnson). Such a court or tribunal would not have mandatory enforcement powers over all States, as the General Assembly cannot delegate powers that it does not possess. (See also on the treaty-making capacity of international organizations: Preamble and Art. 6 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations or between International Organizations.) Therefore, States that do not become a party to the treaty are under no obligation to cooperate with the court or tribunal, including carrying out an arrest warrant. Yet, such a court or tribunal would be in a position to exercise criminal jurisdiction over individuals for crimes under customary international law.
An international criminal court or tribunal established upon recommendation of the General Assembly would be comparable to the establishment of the SCSL. In establishing the SCSL, the Security Council did not act under Chapter VII of the U.N. Charter, but requested the Secretary-General to negotiate an agreement with Sierra Leone despite the lack of a binding Chapter VII decision (UNSCR 1315). Accordingly, the SCSL was an international criminal court but it did not benefit from the Security Council’s mandatory enforcement powers over all U.N. Member States.
3. Why the STCoA Would be An “International” Criminal Tribunal Before Which Immunities Would Not Attach
As detailed in earlier posts, the proposed STCoA would be created: (1) after a request by the Government of Ukraine; (2) upon a resolution of the U.N. General Assembly; (3) which would request the Secretary-General of the U.N. to initiate negotiations between the Government of Ukraine and the U.N.; (4) with the STCoA ultimately created by a bilateral treaty concluded between the Government of Ukraine and the U.N.
There are several reasons why the resulting international criminal tribunal would constitute an “international” tribunal before which personal immunities would not apply.
First, the STCoA would be established under international law. A treaty between the U.N. and Ukraine would constitute a source of international law, just like the treaty between the U.N. and Sierra Leone.
Second, the STCoA would also meet the requirement that an international criminal court or tribunal must sufficiently reflect the will of the international community as a whole to enforce a crime under customary international law. (SeeReisinger Coracini on the customary law status of the crime of aggression.)
Establishment of the STCoA by a bilateral treaty between the Government of Ukraine and the U.N. upon a recommendation by the General Assembly would mean that the creation of the tribunal reflects the will of the U.N., which must be considered to constitute a sufficient expression of the will of the international community as a whole. The SCSL Appeals Chamber noted that the Security Council, in issuing its resolution which triggered the establishment of the SCSL, was acting within its competence under the U.N. Charter, specifically, it was acting on behalf of U.N. Member States. (SCSL Appeals Chamber, Charles Taylor case, para. 38). The General Assembly, in issuing a resolution recommending the establishment of the STCoA would similarly be acting through its powers under the U.N. Charter and acting on behalf of U.N. Member States. Indeed, a mandate by the General Assembly could be seen as even more representative of the will of the international community, as it consists of 193 member states, while the Security Council consists of only 15 U.N. Member States. Furthermore, due to the activation of the Uniting for Peace process by the Security Council related to Ukraine (UNSCR 2623), the U.N. General Assembly can be said to have a particular mandate to act in this situation, within its Charter powers, given the deadlock that exists within the Security Council due to Russia’s veto power. (See also Johnson; the Uniting for Peace process – established under General Assembly resolution 377(V)—may be triggered by decision of either the Security Council or General Assembly, and causes the General Assembly to hold a special emergency session on the topic at issue.)
Thus, the proposed STCoA would clearly fit within the description of an “international criminal tribunal.” It would be a tribunal prosecuting a crime under customary international law, which (1) would be established by a bilateral treaty between the U.N. and Ukraine as a freestanding new tribunal, not a tribunal within the court structure of any one State; and (2) would be created upon the recommendation of the U.N. General Assembly which would sufficiently reflect the will of the international community as a whole. Accordingly, immunities that could otherwise attach regarding a head of state, head of government, or minister for foreign affairs, would not apply before the STCoA. As any international criminal court or tribunal, the STCoA would also need to adhere to internationally recognized fair trial right and due process protections.
The state of customary international law regarding personal immunities is considerably less clear regarding tribunals established with the involvement of an ad hoc group of States or a regional organization. This constitutes another reason why the best way to create a STCoA would be through a bilateral treaty between the U.N. and Ukraine, upon the recommendation of the U.N. General Assembly. Under the prevailing circumstances, establishing the tribunal in that way constitutes the most effective legal avenue to ensure that heads of state, heads of government, and ministers of foreign affairs would not enjoy personal immunities in the proceedings. | <urn:uuid:93729dc1-1593-4517-970a-9c1f2442970e> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.justsecurity.org/84017/the-case-for-creating-a-special-tribunal-to-prosecute-the-crime-of-aggression-committed-against-ukraine-part-vi-on-the-non-applicability-of-personal-immunities/?utm_source=feedly&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=the-case-for-creating-a-special-tribunal-to-prosecute-the-crime-of-aggression-committed-against-ukraine-part-vi-on-the-non-applicability-of-personal-immunities | 2024-04-12T15:30:00Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.942548 | 4,657 | 5,209 |
This blog post deals with topics of a sensitive nature, and some of what follows may be considered NSFW and/or TMI for some readers. Continue at your own discretion.
I lived in Asheville, North Carolina for a couple years while growing up, which is located in the mountainous western part of the state. Our neighborhood was perched on the side of Beaucatcher Mountain, and was comprised of a lot of hilly, windy streets. One particular neighborhood street was especially steep, with a sharp S-curve at the bottom of a long, straight hill. Just beyond the S-curve, the terrain dropped off dramatically into a rugged, wooded ravine. If the street had been a busier road, it would be one of those notorious stretches of highway that has a nickname like Death Hill or Blood Alley.
As it was, the street didn’t have very many houses on it and was lightly traveled by cars, so it became a favorite spot for us to play. I’d pull my red Radio Flyer wagon to the top of the hill, climb on board, and then ride at top speed down the hill, with the wind blowing in my face. The feeling of flying downhill was as ecstatic as the first big drop on a roller coaster, but was tempered with the very real danger of missing the curve, flying off the pavement, and ending up broken and bloodied at the bottom of the ravine.
The memory of flying down that hill in a Radio Flyer wagon at high speed, with a near-certain bloody and painful death at the bottom of the hill rapidly getting closer, has become somewhat of an unfortunate metaphor for my love life over the years. The whole realm of relationships and sexuality has been a very difficult one for me, and it’s not without a degree of hesitation that I write about it here. While I do a pretty good job at maintaining close friendships with quite a few attractive women, things always seem to fall apart whenever there’s a hint of romantic feelings involved.
Part of it may have to do with the uptight Calvinist background I grew up in, where sexuality was hardly ever discussed except in the context of there apparently being far too much of it on television and in popular culture. And then there’s the fact that I was sexually abused as a child, by an older neighborhood kid who promised to allow me into his “club” if I performed certain acts down in the woods behind the house. Somehow my membership card to his secret club must have repeatedly gotten lost in the mail, because I kept having to go through the initiation process over and over again.
I also have mild Asperger’s syndrome, and that no doubt plays a big role as well, even though I never knew I was an Aspie until I was well into adulthood. Nowadays I can do a pretty good job of pretending I’m at least somewhat normal, but as a kid I was clueless. Nobody really had a name for my condition at that time; I just assumed I was a weird misfit due to some horrible character defect on my part. While my classmates were playing with their Transformers or G.I. Joe action figures, I was usually off in the corner sketching pictures of bridges and space ships. A few years later when they were having their first sexual experiences, I was still sketching (slightly more refined) pictures of bridges and space ships. It’s not that I didn’t have sexual feelings or wasn’t incredibly attracted to certain girls at school; it’s just that I was too chickenshit to actually act on those feelings. My classmates assumed I was gay or asexual, and bullied the living shit out of me accordingly. During bus rides home in 5th grade, a few of the popular kids would corner me in the back of the school bus and ask me invasive questions about my sexuality. If they didn’t like my answer, one of them would give me a swift punch in the stomach.
As you might imagine, relationships and sexuality – things that, in an ideal world, should be sources of joy and happiness for those involved – had come to be strongly associated with feelings of guilt, shame, rejection, and violence in my mind. When you crash the Radio Flyer wagon into the ravine too many times, you start to dread the idea of hauling it back up the hill for another ride.
Fast-forward to this past week, when a random bit of news during my workday brought back vivid memories of a time when I flew down that metaphorical hill way too fast, and ended up crashing into the ravine in a most spectacular manner.
As it turns out, a former crush of mine is getting married on Saturday, and not to me. You’d think I’d be over it after almost a decade, but this one really stung. For a few months in late 2002 and early 2003, “Jennifer” and I had developed what I considered a pretty deep long-distance relationship, which culminated in her flying to Philadelphia and meeting up with me during her spring break.
I’ve always had a pretty specific picture in my head of what my ideal partner is like, and it was uncanny just how close she came to that mental image, in a number of important ways: her intelligence, her emotional maturity, her overall great looks, and so forth. Nobody else before or since then has come quite so close to my idealized version of Miss Right. I was much more religious back then than I am now, and I was convinced she was the gift from God that I had been praying for almost my entire life.
But there was more to her than just a nice personality and physical attractiveness. Jennifer was born without arms, and used her agile feet to do things that most people do with their hands. A real-life Venus de Milo, I found her unique condition to be incredibly fascinating and sensual. I didn’t think of her as disabled, and she didn’t think of herself that way, either. She had never known any other way to live, and her body was as normal to her as mine is to me.
I’ve always been drawn to the unique and unusual. In a neighborhood full of bland McMansions, I’m the guy who would buy something like the Mushroom House. Whenever I’d get a handful of candy corn around Halloween, I’d always pick out the mutant pieces and eat them first, because they were special and stood out from the others. I was somehow convinced this made them taste better.
Likewise, for as long as I can remember I’ve been fascinated by and found beauty in people with certain unique physical characteristics – even something as relatively minor as having a pair of webbed toes – but particularly with people who are missing one or more limbs, either by birth or through circumstances later in life. Jennifer wasn’t the first amputee I’d felt romantic feelings toward, and she likely won’t be the last. The first crush I ever had was toward Carol Johnston, a gymnast who was born without part of her right arm. Her story was the subject of a Disney film I saw on TV while growing up, and I was enthralled with the shape and movement of her partial arm, which ended with a small, round stump just below her elbow. (Carol is almost old enough to be my mother, but she appeared much closer to my age in the film, which had been produced a number of years before I saw it.) Jennifer was completely armless, not unlike Simona Atzori, an Italian artist and dancer who was also born without arms. No stumps or even scars, just perfectly smooth shoulders where a pair of arms would normally begin. Her use of her feet for daily tasks was as fluid and natural as most people’s use of their hands. I’d gladly pick somebody like her over any number of plastic-looking supermodels.
There’s a lot more to it than just the physical attraction, though. What I find equally appealing is the fact that people like Jennifer have a unique story to tell, that they know what it’s like to be different and to overcome obstacles. My favorite people in the world are those who strive to overcome life’s challenges with grace and humor, and who embrace their own uniqueness. This might be the one element that all my closest friends have in common, regardless of how many limbs they have.
An army of therapists could spend countless hours speculating on all the reasons why I have these feelings, and still not come up with a satisfactory answer. I wouldn’t really call it a fetish, although sexual attraction is certainly one part of it. I’ve always felt different throughout my life, and I think maybe I find a kindred spirit in somebody who is as different on the outside as I am on the inside, and who has spent a lifetime overcoming obstacles and dealing with other people’s stares and clueless comments, as well as more mundane things like a lack of wheelchair ramps or doorknobs that are difficult to grasp. To be clear, the attraction has nothing at all to do with any hardship or suffering that comes with being an amputee. I’ve had a few close friends over the years who are amputees, and I wouldn’t wish those phantom pains, ongoing medical issues, or the cost of a prosthetic limb on anybody.
As you might imagine, being attracted to amputees brings forth a lot of conflicted feelings that include heavy doses of shame and guilt. Pop culture values physical perfection to an obscene level, and people don’t like to be reminded that they might someday lose a leg in a car accident, or give birth to a child that has less than ten perfect fingers and ten perfect toes. Veterans who lose limbs in combat are either swept under the rug and ignored by the people who sent them into combat in the first place, or are maybe put onto a pedestal and briefly worshipped as folk heros – but never portrayed as the guy next door who lost his legs and a couple of close friends to a roadside bomb, and who still has nightmares about it. But I didn’t choose to have this attraction any more than Jennifer chose to be born without arms, and I reject the notion that I should beat myself up over an aspect of my psyche that I never willingly signed up for.
Soon after high school, my family got a computer and I was introduced to this new thing called the Internet for the first time. After doing a couple of Alta Vista searches (I’m really dating myself here), I soon discovered that I’m not the only person who has this attraction; people like me are typically referred to as devotees within the community. (The phenomenon also has a very dry technical term: Acrotomophilia.) Personally, I find the terminology inadequate – the term admirer has also been tossed around, which I find more apt – but for better or worse, devotee seems to be the accepted label.
How do amputees typically feel about this attraction? Opinions vary widely. Some find it very flattering and liberating; a common sentiment is that it’s nice to be seen as an attractive woman with no caveats, as opposed to being seen as attractive despite a disability. Others find it extremely repulsive and threatening, feeling that devotees are getting their jollies from what for many amputees is the most painful and traumatic episode of their lives. Most amputees’ feelings probably fall somewhere between those two extremes, perhaps accepting of the attraction despite some reservations. As a gross generalization, my experience is that amputees who were born that way tend to be more accepting of the attraction than those who lost a limb later in life due to trauma or disease. It’s a very controversial issue within online support groups and other amputee-related communities, with very passionate feelings on all sides of the issue. The purpose of this blog post isn’t to change anybody’s mind about it, but to simply articulate my own feelings.
Back in the 90’s there used to be a small online community of devotees and devotee-friendly amputees, mostly on IRC and an email listserv. There were even occasional real-life gatherings, and a number of marriages have come from those meetings. With a fairly intimate community it was easier to keep the predatory elements away, of which there are unfortunately quite a few. In the amputee-devotee subculture, the bad apples usually consist of guys who get off on some sort of power trip by being with somebody they perceive as helpless, or people who live out their fantasies by pretending to be amputees online.
Unfortunately, with the explosion in social media such as MySpace and then Facebook over the past few years, what used to be a fairly tight-knit and self-policing internet subculture has become a free-for-all, with some devotees pursuing amputees with all the grace and chivalry of the Nazgûl pursuing the One Ring, and ruining it for those who have better social skills and more honest intentions. There are still some vestiges of the old community left, but it’s a pretty small and isolated group with relatively little in the way of new blood.
I know of a number of amputee/devotee couples who couldn’t be happier. I also know of devotees who have gone their entire lives without finding their ideal partner to settle down with, and I know of others who ultimately married non-amputees only to find themselves depressed and frustrated, and their marriages failing. As for myself, it certainly makes things difficult because my ideal dating pool is a tiny fraction of the general population. I can go months or years at a time before seeing an attractive female amputee out in public, and the whole online scene is a crapshoot. On the rare occasion I see an attractive amputee out in public and I fail to make any kind of meaningful contact with her (which is almost always the case – I universally err on the side of keeping a respectful distance and doing nothing, rather than annoying her with any awkward advances), it can haunt me for months or years after the fact.
Mind you, I’m still very attracted to able-bodied women as well. The longest relationship I’ve had so far was with somebody who wasn’t an amputee, and I don’t regret a minute of it. But in looking for a long-term relationship or marriage, I face a bit of a dilemma. When I was in that relationship, there was always a nagging feeling in the back of my mind that I wasn’t being true to my feelings and that I was “settling” for something that was less than my ideal, and I was overcome with feelings of guilt. I didn’t feel like I was being fair to either her or myself. Nobody likes to be told they’re a second choice.
Jennifer seemed flattered by my unusual form of attention, and I was thrilled with the idea that after so much longing and searching, I had finally found somebody to share my life with. But the day after she arrived in town and we first met face-to-face, she called me up at work just a couple hours before we were supposed to meet again, and slammed the brakes on any notion of a relationship. She never did give a clear reason, but seemed to imply that she wasn’t ready for a relationship and that the chemistry didn’t feel right.
On one level it was understandable, as there was a pretty significant age difference between us, we had different backgrounds and ambitions, and lived a couple thousand miles apart. At that moment on the phone, though, I felt like a bomb had just been detonated within my already-fragile psyche. I blame myself for getting my hopes up too high in the first place, but that euphoric feeling of being head-over-heels in love was incredible while it lasted. For a brief few weeks, I felt like I was racing downhill in that Radio Flyer wagon, and the S-curve and ravine were no longer a threat. I haven’t experienced anything like it since then, and part of me wonders if I ever will.
She said she wanted to remain friends, and held out the idea that maybe sometime in the future, things might work out between us. But it never happened. The phone calls and online chats became less frequent, and then stopped altogether. My greetings went unanswered, and after a lot of heartbreak and depression on my part, I eventually moved on. She became somewhat of a minor media celebrity with her motivational speaking gigs and amazing accomplishments, and I continued quietly making slow but steady progress toward my academic and professional goals.
I had pretty much put her out of my mind until now, but learning that she’s getting married this week brought it all back. In all honesty, I wish her the best, and with the benefit of 20/20 hindsight, I can now look back and see about a million reasons why things never would have worked out between us. As painful as it was for me, she probably did the right thing by breaking it off sooner rather than later.
So now I’m spilling my guts here, mainly just to get it off my chest and hopefully gain some catharsis, but also to shed some insight into an aspect of my life that, until now, I’ve kept pretty private. No doubt some parts of this blog entry dove pretty far into TMI territory for some, but I’m hoping the benefits outweigh any negative blowback. A few of my closest friends already know about this side of me, and seem generally accepting of it, even if it’s impossible for them to fully understand it. One friend quipped, “Most of the women I date are missing a brain, so I’d have to envy you if your girlfriend was only missing an arm or a leg.”
One of my resolutions for 2012 was to try and let go of some emotional baggage that I’ve been carrying around my neck like an albatross, and this is part of that process. With people all over the country being denied equal rights and bullied to the point of suicide because of who they love, it seems hypocritical for me to champion their rights while keeping my own sexual proclivities safely tucked away in the closet, out of danger. Maybe some good will come of this blog post, and there may be some negative consequences as well. But I think I’ve reached the point where I’m finally willing to stop living in fear of the what-if scenarios, and to let the chips fall where they may. Fuck that ravine. | <urn:uuid:5442c5de-6349-47d5-997e-4054a40c3bc8> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.livingingin.com/?freebooks/planet-of-the-apes-vintage-classics | 2024-04-12T15:32:04Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.98276 | 3,923 | 4,239 |
Finally Use A Cool Water Compresses
Cool water may soothe the burning sensation from both your rash and mild PHN pain. Depending on the location, you could potentially put a cool pack on it, Dr. Kotton says, though she notes this wont help much for severe pain. Soak a cloth in ice water, take it out, and apply directly to the affected area. Ahhhhh. Another soother to consider? This pain very likely wont last forever, even if you have PHN. In the meantime, though, these tips will help you get through the worst of it.
Shingles And Your Eyes
If the shingles rash breaks out on the face, near the eye, the vision may be affected. An ophthalmologist should be consulted right away when pain or other symptoms of shingles affect the eye or the area near the eye.
Shingles painand other symptoms from an outbreak of herpes zosterusually lasts between three to five weeks. Most people experience shingles once, but in some instances, people will continue to experience pain. When this happens, its called postherpetic neuralgia .
What Is Postherpetic Neuralgia
Postherpetic neuralgia is a condition of recurring or persistent pain in an area of the body that has undergone an outbreak shingles .
When the shingles virus damages nerve cells of an infected area, it often causes a painful skin rash that appears as a patch or line of painful blisters on the skin in the shape of a band. The band of blisters follows the distribution of the nerve where the virus was present before it spread to the skin.
Postherpetic neuralgia is a painful condition that often begins after shingles lesions begin to crust over and heal, but it may occur when lesions are not produced by the virus.
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Being Vaccinated Against Shingles Is The Best Way To Prevent Postherpetic Neuralgia Lingering Pain From The Shingles Virus Heres What You Should Know About The Causes Symptoms And Treatments For This Painful Chronic Condition
Postherpetic neuralgia , also known as shingles, most commonly occurs as a rash on one side of the torso.
This is no ordinary rash but the itchy blisters arent even the worst part.
A painful condition known as postherpetic neuralgia is the horrible gift that keeps on giving for more than 10% of people who develop it following a bout of shingles.
Oh yeah and the pain? It can be significant. People familiar with the burning, relentless feeling of PHN have likened it to passing a kidney stone mothers have described it as pain worse than labor.
When Hurting Doesn’t Stop
Shingles pain usually decreases within one or two months. But for about one in 10 people, the agony associated with shingles lasts for months or years. This painful condition is called postherpetic neuralgia , in which sensory nerve fibers are damaged, sending persistent pain signals to the brain.
The consequences of this pain are real and can include depression, insomnia, anxiety, and unwanted weight loss. PHN can keep you from doing your daily activities and enjoying your life. The older you are when you develop shingles, the greater your risk of PHN.
Though you may feel isolated, don’t suffer in silence. Talk about your pain with your family, your friends, and, most importantly, your doctor. There are about a dozen medications that have been shown to be effective against PHN pain. These include steroids, antidepressants and anticonvulsants. You may benefit from a prescription for strong painkillers called opioids, or your doctor may recommend a cream, spray, or patch containing lidocaine or capsaicin, which you apply directly to your skin in the area that’s painful.
In most cases, pain from PHN will eventually subside. In the meantime, make sure you’re taking care of yourself. Rest, avoid stressful situations if you can, and eat nutritious foods. Ask your doctor if stretching or other simple exercises could help. And do things you enjoywhether it’s listening to music, watching a comedy, or readingto help keep your mind off the pain.
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Reducing Nerve Pain From Shingles
Pharmaceuticals and vaccination for herpes zoster.
Shingles is virtually synonymous with pain, whether it be from the rash itself, from postherpetic neuralgia , or postherpetic itch . Additionally, it can lead to serious complications involving the eye, including vision loss and blindness, as well as pneumonia, hearing problems, brain inflammation, and even death.
Treatment of the virus typically begins with antiviralsand the sooner the better. Acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir are most commonly used to treat shingles. They should be administered as quickly as possible after the onset of symptoms to shorten the severity and length of the illness.
Additionally, there are simple self-care steps that can be followed to help reduce the pain and discomfort of shingles.
Long-term nerve pain from PHN is the most common complication of shingles and is experienced by up to 20% of patients with shingles The risk of PHN increases with age, as does the severity and length of pain, which can persist for months or even years.
The FDA has approved the use of analgesics, anticonvulsants, and lidocaine and capsaicin topical patches for treating PHN.
PHI, which can occur in conjunction with PHN, is caused by sensory fibers in the nerves that were damaged or died during the shingles infection. The remaining isolated nerve fibers fire when they shouldn’t, generating false sensations that fool the central nervous system.
How Common Is Postherpetic Neuralgia
PHN is unusual in people aged under 50 and if it does occur it tends to be mild. PHN is more likely to develop and is more likely to be severe in people aged over 60. About 1 in 4 people aged over 60 who have shingles develop PHN that lasts more than 30 days. The older you are, the more likely it is that it will occur. It is also more common in those people who have had more severe shingles.
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What Is Shingles And Postherpetic Neuralgia
Shingles is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, the virus that also causes chickenpox. In a person who has been exposed to chickenpox — or its vaccine — the virus never really goes away. It can lie dormant in the body’s nerves.
In most cases, it stays that way. But in some — especially people with immune systems weakened by disease or treatment — the virus can reappear. This is likely to happen years or decades after the person had chickenpox.
When it comes back, the virus can cause shingles, a rash that often appears as a band on one side of the body. Early shingles symptoms can include:
- Flu-like symptoms
Are you contagious? Though people who haven’t had chickenpox can catch that condition from you, the shingles itself isn’t contagious.
For reasons that experts don’t really understand, the pain of shingles lingers for some. If the pain lasts for at least 3 months after the shingles rash has healed, a person is diagnosed with PHN. In some people, the pain will subside. In others, it won’t.
“We don’t have any idea why the pain goes away in some people and not others,” says Dworkin. But the longer you have PHN — especially after a year — the less likely it is to resolve, he says.
Opt For Otc Pain Relievers
Over-the-counter options like Tylenol can ease the discomfort of shingles rash and even mild PHN. At least for early pain, we often use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs , like ibuprofen or naxopren, Dr. Auwaerter notes. Theyre easy to pick up at any drugstore, but theyre not always ideal for frequent and/or long-term use. NSAIDs can cause stomach irritation and stomach ulcers, and can harm the kidneys unless taken with large volumes of water. If you experience abdominal pain or constipation, ask your doctor to help you find another option.
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Treating The Pain Of Phn
Exactly how best to deal with the pain is a difficult question. Rice led a research team that looked at 35 clinical trials of various treatments. The findings appear in the July issue of the free-access online journal PloS Medicine.
The most important thing to realize is these are painkillers, Rice says. You are treating the pain, not the disease itself. And this is due to permanent nerve damage. It is like a stroke. We cant make the nerve damage better, but we can treat the disability. And for PHN, pain is one of those disabilities.
What helps? Rices team found good evidence supporting:
What Is A Tens Unit
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, or TENS, is a method of pain relief that involves the use of a moderate electrical current. It is a small machine, and it is battery-operated. It has leads that are connected to sticky pads called electrodes.
A TENS unit is a non-invasive method used for relieving pain. Some people are able to reduce the intake of pain medications thanks to the TENS unit.
The unit is also very convenient because it is quite small, portable, and discrete. You can carry it in your pocket, or clip it onto a belt to ensure that you have instant access to pain relief throughout the day.
It has controls that allow people to apply an appropriate level of pain relief. This can be achieved by altering some aspects of the electrical current, such as intensity, frequency, and duration.
The frequency refers to the number of electrical impulses per second. High-frequency pulses range from 80 to 120 cycles per second, and they are believed to help acute pain.
Low-frequency pulses range from 1 to 20 cycles per second and are more suitable for the treatment of chronic pain.
Need to know how to use the settings on your TENS unit? Click here
How Could Cannabis Help
If you have had chickenpox, then you could get shingles and it would be wise to go out right now and make sure you are fully stocked with topical products. The amount of pain relief that a cannabis cream can give is miraculously effective and instantaneous the second its on the rash, the bad burn pain drops from an excruciating level 9 to a 2.
I dont think I would ever be able handle a shingles outbreak without high THC, edible cannabis. The type of pain I described as electric shocks throughout the nerves can literally cause severe anxiety because its so weird and uncomfortable. Like hitting a mute button, the moment I felt the the edible starting to take effect, it was like it sent all the shocks and pain far away to someplace else.
With such a large concentration of pain receptors residing in the intestines, using edible cannabis to effectively treat the pain caused by shingles, makes sense and it works.
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Who Should Not Be Vaccinated With Shingrix
Shingrix is given by injection into the upper arm. Shingrix is generally well tolerated. In general, Shingrix is not recommended for: People who are allergic to any component of Shingrix. People with a weakened immune system. People who have a weakened immune system because of:
HIV/AIDS, or- cancer treatments
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Body Pain When Sneezing
Sneezing looks like such a benign pain, however anybody who has ever had painful sneezing will inform you that its anything however. Sneezing is a natural response of your body against bacteria and viruses. Anything that enters your nose may set off the bodys reflex to sneeze, which forces whatever entered to leave the nose often through a violent sneeze.
A sneeze is a procedure that consists of many actions. An inflammation to the nose signals your throat, eyes and mouth to shut. Then the chest muscles agreement and throat muscles unwind. Air is displaced of your mouth and nose to clear the passage. So if its a natural occasion, why does my body hurt when I sneeze?
What Increases The Risk Of Long
The risk of developing post-herpetic neuralgia increases with age. Four weeks after getting shingles,
- 27% of 55- to 59-year-olds and
- 73% of over 70-year-olds had nerve pain.
Women seem to be more likely to have longer-lasting nerve pain than men. Post-herpetic neuralgia is also more likely to develop if your eyes were affected by shingles.
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Who Gets Postherpetic Neuralgia
About 1 out of 5 people who have shingles will have these sharp, ongoing pains afterward. Certain things can increase your chances of getting it:
- Age: Most people who get postherpetic neuralgia are older than 60.
- Gender: Women seem to get it more than men.
- Early symptoms: People who have numbness, tingling, or itching before a shingles rash even appears tend to get the lingering pain later.
- Pain at the start: If you had severe pain or a rash during the beginning of your outbreak, you have a greater chance of the neuralgia later.
- Other health problems: People with ongoing conditions that can weaken the immune system, like HIV and cancer, seem more likely to get it.
Hearing Loss And Facial Weakness
Complications of herpes zoster oticus and Ramsay Hunt syndrome might include hearing loss and facial weakness. For most people, these are temporary symptoms, but it is possible for the damage to become permanent, especially if shingles is left untreated.
Ramsay Hunt syndrome accounts for up to 12% of facial paralysis. In some cases, it has a worse outcome than Bells palsya condition that causes temporary weakness in the muscles of the face.
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Questions To Ask Your Doctor
- Ive had chickenpox. Am I at risk of developing shingles?
- What is the best treatment for my shingles?
- The pain from shingles isnt going away. What can I do to make myself more comfortable?
- Im on treatment for shingles. When should I call my doctor if things dont get better?
- I have shingles and my children havent had the chickenpox vaccine. Should I get them vaccinated?
- Is the shingles vaccine right for me?
- Are there any risks associated with the shingles vaccine?
- Will my post-herpetic neuralgia ever go away?
- If Ive never had the chickenpox, should I still get the shingles vaccination?
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Help Is Available For Phn
Fortunately,early treatment for shingles can lower your chances of getting PHN.
For some people, the pain becomes refractory, or resistant to treatment, explains Dr. Rosenquist. So we want to treat shingles as fast as we can ideally as soon as somebody feels a tingling or burning sensation, even before a rash develops.
Sheadds that whenever nerve pain is involved, some people respond to treatment andsome dont.
However,medications taken orally or injected that can target the affected nerves may beable to stun the nervous system into behaving properly. That meanstransmitting the appropriate signal to the brain.
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Are There Treatments I Can Put On My Skin
You might find relief with topical treatments. You can talk to your doctor about:
Creams: Some of these contain capsaicin, the ingredient in cayenne pepper that gives it a kick. Examples are Capsin and Zostrix. You can buy this over the counter but make sure your doctor knows if you plan on using these.
Patches: Capsaicin is also in Qutenza, which is applied via a patch for one hour every 3 months. You need to visit the doctorâs office for this.
Who Is At Risk For Postherpetic Neuralgia
A case of Shingles is one thing, but postherpetic neuralgia is yet another matter entirely. Shingles pain can be combatted by treating the condition with antiviral medication and topical painkillers. For most people, the pain goes away with the infection.
Yet when the pain persists long after the rashes have gone, its a sign that a person may be suffering from postherpetic neuralgia .
The same rules apply the weaker your immune system, the greater the risk of postherpetic neuralgia. It doesnt have to be a matter of age. Certain illnesses can weaken your immune system. Procedures such as a recent organ transplant can take a toll on your body and force you to take immunosuppressant drugs to minimize the chance of transplant rejection.
There are unknown factors, too. Some people get postherpetic neuralgia others dont.
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How Long Does Nerve Pain Last After Shingles
Only approximately 9-15% of patients who get shingles develop Postherpetic Neuralgia. For those few patients who develop PHN, the length of time that it lasts usually varies. The majority of PHN patients have discomfort that lasts one to two months. About one-third of Postherpetic Neuralgia patients have symptoms that last around three months, and about one-fifth have symptoms that last a year or longer. Researchers are unsure what triggers the herpes zoster virus to re-emerge even after years of lying dormant. The virus may be obtained during youth, but it does not flare into shingles until years down the line. When the pain of shingles lingers long after the rash heals, it is considered Postherpetic Neuralgia. The bout of shingles damages the nerves. This means that the nerve damage caused by shingles affects a fully functioning nervous system. The damaged nerve will send random pain signals to the brain, which thereby causes a burning, throbbing sensation. Over time, the nerves of the skin calm, but due to the existing nerve damage, the pain can persist for years, even for the rest of the persons lifetime. | <urn:uuid:16b4d956-fabd-4654-a0d3-6147deb013da> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.shinglestalk.com/how-to-deal-with-nerve-pain-from-shingles/ | 2024-04-12T14:30:11Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.946252 | 4,040 | 4,576 |
Les Bleuets add to their 2018 and 2019 titles with the most convincing of victories over Ireland in the World Rugby U20 Championship 2023 final in South Africa. While France celebrated, Japan have been relegated to the U20 Trophy following a 45-27 defeat to Italy.
France have won the World Rugby U20 Championship for a third consecutive tournament, adding to their triumphs in 2018 and 2019 with a 50-14 victory over Ireland in the final at the Athlone Sports Stadium in Cape Town, South Africa.
Les Bleuets were not perfect but when it really mattered, they put on a show, especially in the second half after an even-handed first half that saw the lead change hands four times.
The game-changing moment came when Paddy McCarthy was sin-binned just before half-time and Les Bleuets capitalised to the tune of 14 points.
Ireland battled bravely to the last but France made it a Bastille Day to remember.
Earlier, South Africa ended their home tournament on a high with a 22-15 win over England in a physical third-place play-off.
All the points were scored in the first half with neither side able to break the deadlock after the break but the result was all that mattered to the rapturous home crowd in Cape Town.
Elsewhere in the opening match of the final day, Dewi Passarella scored a hat-trick of tries as Italy beat Japan 45-27 to win the 11th-place play-off and secure their place in next year’s U20 Championship.
Defeat at Danie Craven Stadium means that Japan will compete in the World Rugby U20 Trophy in 2024.
The fifth-place play-off got play underway at Athlone Sports Stadium in Cape Town, two tries each for Henry O’Donnell and Toby MacPherson helping Australia to a 57-33 win over Wales.
Argentina secured ninth place with a 43-22 defeat of Fiji at Danie Craven Stadium, with the seventh-place play-off wrapping up the action in Stellenbosch as New Zealand finished strongly to beat Georgia 50-26.
FINAL: IRELAND 14-50 FRANCE
Flamboyant France turned on the style in the second half to claim a hat-trick of World Rugby U20 Championship titles.
With the senior team bidding to become men’s Rugby World Cup winners later this year, Les Bleuets set a fine example for them to follow with, an at times, breathtaking display of running rugby.
Ireland made a good fist of it before the break as they sought to go one better than 2016 when they finished runners-up to England, but France blunted their attacking lineout weapon and scoring opportunities were limited.
By the same token, France were utterly clinical when it mattered, converting 11 entries into the Irish 22 into a half-century of points.
It was Ireland who were on the scoreboard first, though, the U20 Six Nations champions being rewarded for a fast start when scrum-half Fintan Gunne took a quick tap penalty and squirmed through Posolo Tuilagi’s legs for an opportunist score in the fourth minute.
However, France quickly served noticed of what they are all about when a brilliant handling move down the left resulted in a try for Mathis Ferté.
Classy centre Paul Costes started the move with an out-the-back offload to winger Léo Drouet, who also managed to get the ball away in contact to find Baptiste Jauneau. The scrum-half, a livewire throughout, sped down the touchline before drawing his man to perfection and delivering the try-scoring pass to Ferté.
Unforced errors and needless penalties stymied Les Bleuets’ attempts to strike again, though, and after Hugo Reus slotted a penalty, Ireland reclaimed the lead when centre John Devine hit the line at pace to finish off a crash-ball move.
Sam Prendergast was on the money again with his conversion and Ireland looked set to lead at half-time for the fifth consecutive game of the tournament. But, in the end, they were grateful to be only three points adrift after France reclaimed the lead and then had a try disallowed just before the interval.
Tuilagi played a big part in both incidents, creating just enough space with a big carry that sucked in two defenders in the build-up to prop Lino Julien’s try. But he was also responsible for Oscar Jegou’s effort being ruled out after the TMO spotted the giant second-row had obstructed an Irish defender.
Having been reduced to 14 men after losing Paddy McCarthy to the sin-bin for collapsing a maul, Ireland were relieved to only trail 17-14.
But France did not allow them any respite at the start of the second half, converting on their first visit to the 22, with Pierre Jouvin getting the try.
Three minutes later France scored again to really set Ireland back on their heels. Showing their brilliance in transition play, Les Bleuets worked the ball into the hands of Nicolas Depoortere, who exploited a weak shoulder in defence, straightened up, and powered his way to the line for his fifth try of the tournament.
With Reus converting both tries, Ireland had conceded 14 points while McCarthy was off the field and by the time he returned, Les Bleuets led 31-14.
Ireland dug in desperately in an attempt to stay in the final but after 25 minutes without scoring, including a rare penalty miss for Hugo Reus, France decided to go through the gears.
Number eight Marko Gazzotti was everywhere and received his third Mastercard Player of the Match award in South Africa and with it the overall Mastercard Player of the Tournament accolade. Dogged defence, brilliant kick-chases, powerful runs and hits … Gazzotti produced the lot, other than a try.
Once Ferté got his second, on 69 minutes, there was no holding France back.
Captain Lenni Nouchi galloped over from 40 metres out after Jegou caught Ireland unawares by picking up at the base and there was still time for Drouet to get in on the act, the winger finishing off another fluent handling move.
With Reus rediscovering his radar and slotting the final two conversions, France brought up a half-century of points in what was a victory for running rugby.
THIRD PLACE PLAY-OFF: SOUTH AFRICA 22-15 ENGLAND
South Africa claimed their ninth U20 Championship bronze medal with a superb defensive and forward display.
All the points were scored in the first half with the Junior Springboks responding in a magnificent fashion after Connor Slevin’s penalty had given England an early lead.
Despite coming off second-best at scrum time, the forward pack really stood up to be counted in all other areas with their strong counter-rucking and mauling game taking the fight to England.
Flanker Hennie Sieberhagen was the first to crash over from a pick-and-go and the powerful Corné Beets soon added a second close-range effort after a punchy run from Damian Markus had put England on the back foot.
With Jean Smith adding a penalty, South Africa had reeled off 17 points without reply but England hit back against the run of play with the pick of the tries on 23 minutes when winger Cassius Cleaves made a brilliant break from just inside his own 22 and raced 60 metres before finding Craig Wright up in support on an unstoppable run to the line.
Resolute South African defence prevented England from gaining a foothold in the match and it was the Junior Springboks who scored next with Wright’s opposite number, Juann Else, dotting down from the back of an advancing maul.
England had the final say in the half, however, scoring from a shift drive at the lineout having messed up an earlier opportunity when they tried to be more ambitious and Wright had his pass picked off by Smith. Slevin knocked over the conversion to make it a one-score game at the interval.
It was all England in the first 10 minutes of the second half and Chandler Cunningham-South was inches away from becoming the sixth forward to score, but the Junior Springboks held out and then started to reassert their authority on the game.
A brilliant turnover from tight-head Afolabi Fasogbon inside the England 22 put paid to a sustained South African attack before Alex Wills went close from a slick backs move at the other end.
After a long period of play between the 22s, dominated by the forwards slugging it out, South Africa had a chance to break the second-half deadlock in the 67th minute but Smith pushed his penalty attempt wide.
England finished the stronger but breaks from the hard-running Cunningham-South and Wills came to nothing and South Africa’s ability to seize turnover ball denied the men in white time and time again.
FIFTH-PLACE PLAY-OFF: WALES 33-57 AUSTRALIA
Australia finished their campaign on a high with victory in a high-scoring fifth-place play-off against Wales at Athlone Sports Stadium in Stellenbosch.
The Junior Wallabies, runners-up in 2019, started brightly and, after a dominant carry by prop Nick Bloomfield – in which Wales lost second-row Evan Hill to a shoulder injury – fast hands out wide put outside-centre Henry O’Donnell over in the right corner.
Australia nearly doubled their lead minutes later but were penalised at the breakdown with the try-line at their mercy. This allowed Wales, who had struggled for possession early on, back into the game.
Replacement second-row Mackenzie Martin had the ball ripped out of his hands as he crossed the Australia line, but then his great running line and offload opened up the defence before hooker Lewis Lloyd went over to make it 5-5.
Back came Australia, though. Second-row Toby MacPherson dived over from close range after his team had opted to kick for the corner from a penalty instead of going for goal. Then, from another attacking lineout, hooker Liam Bowron broke away from a rolling maul to make it 15-5.
But with no successful conversions, Wales were not out of it, and nearly scored with the last play of the half, only to be held up over the line.
It proved a pivotal moment. Australia started the second half as they had the first, O’Donnell again taking advantage of wave after wave of dummy runners to cruise over.
Wales responded immediately after a great pick up and finish from Llien Morgan made it a two-score game.
MacPherson bagged his second for Australia, though, sauntering through a gap against a tiring Wales defence, and the Junior Wallabies scored again straight from the kick-off, scrum-half and captain Teddy Wilson finishing off an end-to-end move.
Fly-half Jack Bowen made it try number seven just beyond the hour mark, after the Australia wingers combined superbly.
A clever kick through by Daniel Edwards put Morgan in for his second and Wales’ third try before captain Ryan Woodman added a fourth – a reward for another industrious display by the blindside flanker.
Australia weren’t finished, though, two more well-worked lineouts resulting in tries for replacement prop Marley Pearce and openside flanker Ned Slack-Smith.
Wales had the last say with a consolation score for replacement scrum-half Harri Williams.
SEVENTH-PLACE PLAY-OFF: GEORGIA 26-50 NEW ZEALAND
New Zealand survived a powerful and determined Georgian fight-back to finish seventh for the second U20 Championship running, giving outgoing coach Clark Laidlaw the perfect send-off from his last match in charge.
It was the proverbial game of two halves, as New Zealand’s pace told in the first half, and Georgia’s power was the talking point of the second.
Georgia – guaranteed their best finish in the U20 Championship no matter the result – had found New Zealand’s pace too hot to handle early on. Defensively, they have been very solid all tournament, but the bare statistics showed they missed 12 of 38 tackles in the first 35 minutes at Danie Craven Stadium.
New Zealand took full advantage, scoring five tries in a thoroughly impressive opening half hour of pace and patience. Caleb Tangitau ran in two long-range, highlight-reel scores, scrum-half Noah Hotham finished off a third spectacular touchdown, and Mastercard Player of the Match Peter Lakai’s strike move try off a lineout could be a learning tool in rugby academies. Second-row Will Stodart’s score, as he finished off a series of phases, was almost mundane in comparison.
But Lado Kilasonia’s side do not give in easily. They scored twice in the last 10 minutes of the opening period. Full-back Vazha Mikadze ghosted through for their first after Georgia had phased their way deep into New Zealand’s 22. And a penalty kick to touch when New Zealand prop Ben Ake was yellow-carded for a high tackle, was mauled over the try-line. Hooker Basa Khonelidze benefited from his pack’s composed power as the line beckoned.
The second half began as the first had ended, with Georgia’s direct and forceful game taking control. They had already been held up over the line once when replacement prop Irakli Aptsiauri took defenders over the line with him to bring the Junior Lelos to within 12 points with just over 20 minutes left on the clock.
Minutes later, Malachi Wrampling had just returned from a yellow card for collapsing a maul as it marched to the line, when Georgia’s pack repeated the trick from a lineout to come within seven points of an upset at 33-26. Khonelidze was given the score, but it was another pack effort.
But their hopes of a first win in three meetings against New Zealand took a blow as Taha Kemara calmly slotted a penalty to extend the lead to 10 points. And the match ended how the first had started, as Che Clark sliced through the defensive line to settle any New Zealand nerves with a score 10 minutes from time, before they were awarded a late penalty try for a deliberate knock-on to reach 50 points.
NINTH-PLACE PLAY-OFF: FIJI 22-43 ARGENTINA
Fiji had secured their first win of the tournament against Italy on day four, and they clearly came into Friday full of confidence.
Ratu Kavaia Tagivetaua scored the opening try of the match in the eighth minute, emerging from a powerful driving maul to cap a fine start for Fiji.
That was as good as things got for the Pacific Islanders in the first half, however, as Argentina hit back with a fine team try that was finished off by winger Valentín Soler Filloy.
Fijian fly-half Philip Baselala was then sent to the sin-bin in the 18th minute, for a breakdown infringement, and Los Pumitas ran in a pair of tries in his absence.
Hooker Valentino Minoyetti came up with the first, following a powerful lineout drive, before centre Ernesto Giudice finished off another good team move in the left corner.
Argentina’s dominance continued after Baselala had returned to the pitch and they added further tries before half-time, through captain Eliseo Chiavassa and quick-thinking scrum-half Tomás Di Biase.
The players’ departure for the interval was delayed, though, as referee Ben Breakspear checked a series of incidents that ended with a yellow card for Los Pumitas winger Mateo Soler.
It took less than two minutes of the second half for Fiji to make their numerical advantage pay as Waqa Nalaga broke through two attempted tackles and sprinted over the line.
Hopes of a Fijian comeback were raised shortly afterwards as Argentina second-row Mateo Lorenzo was sent to the sin-bin.
It was Argentina who struck next, however, their lineout drive being sacked illegally as it rumbled towards the line, resulting in a penalty try and yellow card for Timoci Nakalevu.
Fiji did not concede while Nakalevu was off the field and grabbed their third try of the match following a sensational break from full-back Isikeli Basiyalo, who took the ball from his own 22 to the Argentine try-line.
And after Chiavassa had knocked on as he attempted to ground the ball on the line, Fiji crossed the whitewash for a fourth time – Basiyalo in the right place to dot down after Pateresio Finau had been hauled down just short of the line.
There were still around 14 minutes to play at Danie Craven Stadium, but Argentina soon made sure of victory, Mastercard Player of the Match Chiavassa sniping over for his second try to help extend their lead to 43-22.
That was the way the scoreline would stay, although there was still time for Argentina to lose flanker Facundo García Hamilton to a red card, upgraded from yellow, and Fiji winger Sireli Masiwini to be sent to the sin-bin.
11TH-PLACE PLAY-OFF: ITALY 45-27 JAPAN
Japan had made a habit of starting matches quickly during this tournament, but it was Italy who stormed out of the blocks at Danie Craven Stadium.
Less than one minute was on the clock when Azzurrini centre Dewi Passarella profited from good interplay between Simone Brisighella and Filippo Bozzoni to score the opening try.
It was Japan’s turn to respond, and they did so in style, virtually setting up camp in the Italian 22 for the next 15 minutes. The Japanese went close through Yoshitaka Yazaki, who was bundled into touch five metres out.
And as the pressure mounted in the 13th minute, Bozzoni was sent to the sin-bin for a deliberate knock-on with Japan again threatening the line. Japan made their numerical advantage pay almost immediately as captain Yoshiki Omachi crashed over.
Kanjiro Naramoto converted to edge the Japanese in front, but Italy soon had their second try of the match as scrum-half Lorenzo Casilio sniped over the line following a powerful carry from prop Marcos Francesco Gallorini.
Although Japan continued to build good possession and territory, it was Italy – back up to 15 players – who scored next when Alessandro Gesi gathered a cross-field kick, bounced out of a couple of tackles and stepped inside the covering defender.
It was a brilliant try, and although Naramoto ate into the Italian lead with a penalty five minutes later, it was an advantage they stretched further with a fourth try on the stroke of half-time. Mastercard Player of the Match Passarella claimed it, again powering over from close range.
Japan needed to score next to give themselves a chance of finding a way back into the match and they did just that six minutes into the second half as Renji Oike finished off a good team move.
Naramoto missed the conversion to leave the deficit in double digits, however, and Italy captain David Odiase soon took the game even further away from them with the Azzurrini’s fifth try.
That was compounded in the 62nd minute when replacement Yutaro Takahashi was guilty of a dangerous tackle on Bozzoni and the TMO bunker upgraded the initial yellow card to red.
Italy added more tries as gaps began to open up, as Bozzoni went over before Passarella completed his hat-trick to extend his side’s lead to 45-15 and confirm their U20 Championship safety.
Japan hit back with two tries in the final five minutes, Keito Hayashi profiting from a charge down before Kota Nagashima dotted down at the back of a driving maul. It made the final score more respectable but could not save them from relegation to the U20 Trophy. – WORLD RUGBY | <urn:uuid:e8ac618d-e4c2-43c6-bc23-3201fe48ba25> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.sports247.my/france-win-hat-trick-of-titles-while-italy-secure-u20-championship-safety/ | 2024-04-12T14:06:23Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816024.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240412132154-20240412162154-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.969359 | 4,304 | 4,764 |
Q: Is organic protein powder better for you than regular protein powder? For BodyNutrition‘s #1 organic protein powder recommendation, click. Note that the flavored versions contain additional ingredients, including the specific flavor and stevia. ", Verywell Fit uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. The high-quality protein powder is Certified Vegan, NSF Certified Gluten-Free, kosher, and Informed-Sport Clean for Sport. Some are designed for weight loss, while others are designed to bulk you up, so you want one that helps you reach your goals rather than impedes them. The easily-digested protein powder also features live probiotics and enzymes, including 3 billion CFU of Lactobacillus. Still, despite these drawbacks, it’s not a bad protein powder all things considered. On that front, research by K.A. At the end of the day, organic and regular protein are pretty much identical in terms of the protein and amino acid content. As a dietitian, I am careful to recommend supplements, including protein powders. The pesticides angle is easy to understand—since they aren’t used in the growing process, they don’t end up in the final product. Whey protein is a protein that is derived from milk, which contains two types of protein – casein and whey.Whey is the liquid element of milk that can be separated during the production of cheese.When key enzymes are added, it causes the fatty portions of the milk to separate into the solid portions that can be made into cheese. Organic fields also need a buffer zone to prevent accidental contamination by chemicals applied to adjacent fields. The Natural Force Organic Whey is a top-rated unflavored protein powder produced under strict guidelines. Choosing an unsweetened, unflavored protein like Garden of Life's Raw Organic Protein Powder may be the best option if you want to boost the protein content of your favorite beverage, without altering the taste. In fact, some research suggests that organic foods may contain higher levels of certain nutrients —including antioxidants—than the non-organic variety of the same food. Whether you're looking for whey or plant-based protein, a flavored or natural variety, there are many organic options to suit your individual needs. There are also various types of protein sources to consider as well, including whey and those made from plant-based ingredients like peas, brown rice, or hemp. powder products are available that are certified organic too. That means that vegetarians can use supplemental protein to gain muscle or lose weight, without losing out on the cardiovascular benefits of vegetarianism. This includes everything from speeding up muscle healing after tough, damaging workouts at the gym to maintaining body fat while dieting and decreasing your appetite. Why might organic protein powder be a better idea than regular protein powder? As a result, it’s got additional vitamins and minerals you won’t find in other proteins, albeit at the cost of more sugar than you’d typically find in a protein powder. In turn, any food product that labels itself as organic must contain at least 95% organic ingredients to legally carry the “organic” label. It’s is a great option to add to your favorite smoothie, baked good, or oatmeal. 10 Best Organic Whey Protein Powders - November 2020 Results are Based on. By using Verywell Fit, you accept our, Sprout Living Epic Protein Powder at Amazon, Garden of Life Organic Whey Protein at Amazon, Amazing Grass Protein Superfood Powder at Amazon, Manitoba Harvest Hemp Yeah! Organic whey protein also pairs well with organic milk, and likewise for plant-based proteins: an organic flax milk, oat milk, or almond milk pair great with organic plant-based proteins. A: When it comes to the science, there’s very little to directly support the idea that organic protein is superior. Each scoop provides 3 grams of dietary fiber with less than 1 gram of sugar and only 4 grams of carbohydrates. The top 10 list of the best organic protein powders lists various brands and prices. A: Yes, organic protein is usually more expensive than a comparable product. This organic protein powder is highly pure, with just three ingredients: organic whey protein, organic cocoa powder, and organic stevia leaf extract as a natural, non-caloric sweetener. Pure Label Nutrition sources all of their whey from premium US dairy farms and grass-fed cows, improving taste and nutritional safety! These requirements, which are legally codified, stipulate the conditions under which something can be legally sold as “organic.” For dairy-based products, like whey or casein protein, the rules say that the cow from which the milk came must have not been treated with antibiotics, not given hormones, and have been grazed on a pasture for at least 30 percent of its diet (1). It’s no accident that many of the best overall vegan protein powders and whey protein powders happen to be organically certified: organic certification typically correlates well with overall quality. The benefits, though, include not having to worry about the effects of pesticides, herbicides, antibiotics, or hormones. On top of this, it uses a combination of coconut sugar, agave, monk fruit, and natural flavors to sweeten and improve the taste of its protein powder. It is protein-rich, delicious, and can aid with natural weight management if used well. Click here for the lowest priceTransparent Labs is probably your best choice for a few reasons: it’s arguably the purest protein out there: no additives, no artificial sweeteners, no GMOs.Just pure, grass-fed protein isolate – made from naturally fed, hormone-free cow whey and clean of food dyes, gluten, and preservatives.It contains one of the market’s highest protein-by-weight ratios at 82% (24 grams of protein per 29.46 gram sc… But if all you care about is protein content and amino acid makeup, the distinction is less important. ", "Made from a raw protein blend featuring grains, seeds, and 22 raw and organic sprouts. Whey protein has also been extensively studied in recent decades. Moreover, there’s good scientific evidence that adding supplemental protein to a vegan diet does not negate many of its health benefits. 10 best grass-fed whey proteins for maximum muscle growth 1. Because organic foods are grown without synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, they have a strong tendency to be more nutrient dense and are less likely to contain toxic chemicals that are harmful to your body. The high protein blend is allergy-friendly, as it is free of soy, gluten, and dairy. Organic protein powder is specially formulated and certified by independent agencies to ensure that the protein source used in the supplement is made naturally without any antibiotics, hormones, pesticides, or herbicides. The vegan powder also contains medium-chain triglycerides from coconut oil. If that’s up your alley, you’re in the right place. Organic protein powder contains fewer harmful pesticides and more nutrients. When it comes to the science, there’s very little to directly support the idea that organic protein is superior. To be sure, there are plenty of high-protein vegan foods, like tofu, lentils, and tempeh, but it’s not always possible to cook these when you’re in a rush or when you’re on the go. Organic whey protein also pairs well with organic milk, and likewise for plant-based proteins: an organic flax milk. Here, the best options for organic protein powders: Sprout Living’s Epic Protein is a fantastic USDA organic option that appeals to everyone from vegetarians to omnivores. That’s because getting certified as an organic product requires sticking to rigorous manufacturing practices, and having tight control of your ingredient supply chain, all the way from how the plants were grown or the cows were grazed up to the additional ingredients like emulsifiers and flavoring agents that are added further down the line. Garden of Life offers a protein powder that’s primarily made up of by brown rice and pea protein, but a large proportion of its protein content comes from the huge range of seeds and grains included alongside these protein concentrates. Each scoop also provides 6 milligrams of iron, which is helpful for those following a vegan diet that is commonly low in iron. For products that were vegan-friendly, we looked favorably on multi-ingredient sources of protein. Best Organic Whey Protein Shake Offers, Deals and Coupons 2021 - Up To 30% Off Coupon Code - by Getrefe Team Best Organic Whey Protein Shake Offers, Deals and Coupons 2021 - Up To 30% Off Coupon Code. USA’s All Natural Plain Whey Protein (Mother Nature’s best: Biologically active, raw, Chill-Right® cold-processed WHEY PROTEIN CONCENTRATE from Amish pastureland dairy cows) is free of binders, sweeteners and more. Epic Protein is made from yellow pea and a mix of sunflower, pumpkin, sacha inchi, and cranberry seeds. Best Whey Protein Powder for Women: Pro Nutrition Labs Her Natural Whey Powder for Women. Whey isolate protein powders are approximately 90% to 95% protein, so it’s not uncommon to find some that contain 25 or more grams of protein per serving. It uses pea protein, brown rice protein, and sacha inchi protein, alongside a blend of grains like amaranth and buckwheat for a more balanced amino acid profile. Q: Is organic protein powder more expensive? Made with simple, whole-food ingredients, Aloha protein comes in three flavors: vanilla, chocolate, and banana. Organic foods contain higher levels of certain nutrients, lower levels of pesticides, and may provide health benefits for the consumer. If you’re concerned about the purity of the protein you take every day, or if you want a simple barometer for overall protein quality, you’ll find the best options for organic protein on our list. Protein powder supplements have been shown to aid with everything from decreased muscle soreness (5) to increased muscle mass gain over long-term weight training programs in the elderly (6) to decreasing body fat mass among overweight and obese people (7). Foods labeled as "Organic" must contain at least 95 percent organic ingredients (except for water and salt). Altern Med Rev. It’s 100% natural and plant based. The USDA Organic, Non-GMO Project Certified Sunwarrior Warrior Blend takes the top pick among organic, plant-based protein powders with 19 grams of plant-based protein per scoop. The blend contains 5 grams of dietary fiber per serving likely attributed to acacia fiber, which is rich in soluble fiber. Garden of Life Raw Organic Protein Powder, The 7 Best Vegan Protein Powders, According to a Dietitian, The 7 Best Protein Powders for Men, According to a Dietitian, The 7 Best Protein Powders at Walmart of 2021, According to a Dietitian, The 8 Best Protein Shakes of 2021, According to a Dietitian, The 7 Best Post-Workout Supplements of 2021, According to a Dietitian, The 7 Best Hemp Protein Powders of 2021, According to a Dietitian, The 6 Best Pea Protein Powders of 2021, According to a Dietitian, The 7 Best Tasting Protein Shakes of 2021, According to a Dietitian, The 7 Best Tasting Protein Bars of 2021, According to a Dietitian, The 7 Best Jerkys of 2021, According to a Dietitian, 11 Quinoa Breakfast Recipes to Start Your Day, The 8 Best Recovery Foods and Drinks of 2021, According to a Dietitian, 15 Tempeh Recipes for a Boost of Plant-Based Protein, Organic foods contain higher levels of certain nutrients, lower levels of pesticides, and may provide health benefits for the consumer. It boasts 20 grams of complete vegan protein from sources including pea, quinoa, chia, and hemp. Sunwarrior Warrior Blend Organic Vegan Protein Powder, The 7 Best Plant-Based Protein Powders of 2021, According to a Dietitian, Best with Greens: After you get in your workout, try to get some protein in your body within about an hour. Hemp protein provides a hefty dose of omega-3 fatty acids and most of the essential amino acids, and Nutiva Hemp Protein makes it easy to enjoy this healthful plant protein. Our team works hard to be transparent about why we recommend certain supplements; you can read more about our dietary supplement methodology here. Scientific research supports this notion: a study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition by a pair of researchers in Sweden noted that vegans had higher intakes of vegetables and legumes, and lower intakes of cakes, cookies, and candy, compared to omnivores from similar backgrounds (. It’s been clinically shown to be as effective as whey for building lean muscle – and it tastes amazing. Our research team has combed through the wide range of protein powders on the market to come up with the best organic protein powders that you can get. Certifications: Look for the USDA Organic Certification seal or the term "Organic" on the packaging. Superfood ingredients in this protein powder include spirulina and chlorella. Good organic protein powders that do have sweetness added usually do it with stevia or monk fruit, which are both all-natural non-caloric sweeteners. It’s a solid organic protein powder without any real distinguishing features, but without any real downsides either. Organic protein powders are derived from ingredients that are grown and raised without synthetic pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers. Best Natural Organic Whey Protein In Vanilla Flavor. rapid absorption, balanced amino acid profile, and unique muscle strengthening abilities) along with the benefits of going organic. Q: What should you put in an organic protein shake or smoothie? Best Whey: Garden of Life Organic Grass Fed Whey Protein Powder Buy on Amazon Buy on Vitaminshoppe.com Garden of Life's Certified Organic Whey Protein takes the top spot among organic whey protein powders because of its high-quality, pasture-raised, grass-fed protein. It is flavored only with natural flavors, stevia, and cocoa, so it achieves taste without diluting the supplement with excessive and artificial ingredients. Beyond pea protein, Garden of Life contains 13 organic sprouts to really bump up that protein. This was the conclusion of a 2010 study by Walter Crinnion in the Alternative Medicine Review that examined the nutrition and health implications of growing food organically (3). These kinds of products didn’t make our list, and as you might imagine, are rare to begin with when it comes to organically certified protein powders. Aloha is somewhat unique in its use of coconut derivatives alongside pea protein, pumpkin seed protein, and hemp seed protein in its organic protein blend. The Certified Gluten-Free product contains 130 calories per serving with only 7 grams of carbohydrates. Process here it with stevia or monk fruit as an alternative to erythritol or.! Less than 1 gram of sugar and only 4 grams of branched-chain amino to... Protein might be enough to turn off low carb and low sugar fans from this product chalky! And Kosher protein is usually more expensive than a comparable product a high-quality protein will benefit... Even includes three enzymes for easy digestion and rapid absorption intake high is healthier and more nutritious conventional... ’ t make low carb and low sugar fans from this product its palatability dropped. 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Cassius first compares Brutus to Caesar by comparing their names, and subsequently tells Brutus he represents the best qualities of Caesar without the flaws. This scene is set in a public space of Rome on the same day. In 4.3 Brutus again suffers from a bout of insomnia during which he encounters Caesar's ghost. He orders a servant to go to the priests and have them sacrifice an animal in order to read the entrails for predictions of the future. Characters . Soon Brutus rejoins the group of men and shakes all their hands, agreeing to join them in their murderous quest. He tells Brutus that he could be cured if only Brutus had a noble undertaking in mind. Sorry, I can't give you less than five sentences but here is a really short summary: Julius Caesar opens with a scene of class conflict, the plebeians versus the tribunes. However, both women go to extreme actions to attempt to sway their husbands. His entourage includes his wife, Calphurnia, and his friends Antony, Brutus, Cassius, Casca, and Cicero.Caesar tells Antony to touch Calphurnia during the parade, since elders say a touch during the holy chase can cure her infertility. Brutus is alone on stage, he is having trouble sleeping; it is nighttime but he is unsure of the hour. Julius Caesar Summary is divided by the five acts of the play and is an ideal introduction before reading the original text. He explains that if Caesar is crowned king, that may change his nature, and he may abuse his power. Calpurnia arrives and tells him that he dare not leave the house that day. Summary and Analysis Act II: Scene 2 Summary The scene is set in Caesar's house during a night of thunder and lightning, and Caesar is commenting on the tumultuous weather and upon Calphurnia's having dreamed of his being murdered. "Give me much light that I may read by them. Cloudflare Ray ID: 5fb897ce9a691a56 Calpurnia arrives and tells him that he dare not leave the house that day. Caesar dismisses him as a dreamer. Cassius, Casca, Decius, Cinna, Metellus and Trebonius, all of them conspirators against Caesar, have arrived at Brutus' home. These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of Julius Caesar. Decius claims that he will be mocked if he cannot provide a good reason for Caesar's absence. To this point, Brutus has hesitated to act against Caesar because he feels that needs the support of the Roman citizenry. Brutus invites them in and Cassius takes him aside. He lies, telling her he is sick, to which she responds that it appears to be a sickness of the mind, not of the body. You may need to download version 2.0 now from the Chrome Web Store. He stands along the route that Caesar will take to the Senate, prepared to hand the letter to him as he passes. On the one hand, he compares Caesar to an unhatched snake, asserting that Caesar is not dangerous yet but that he could become dangerous. Next, Cassius drafts letters to Brutus which he has Cinna deliver by tossing them through the window or leaving them where Brutus will find them. (2.4.7-8). • Julius Caesar enters for his celebratory parade through Rome. He further misunderstands the letter by attributing it to Rome, as if this were a call from the people rather than a note written by Cassius. Brutus tells him that he does, and Ligarius pledges to follow Brutus on whatever task he leads him to. J. N. Smith. The men then discuss whether they should invite Cicero, the great orator, to join their plot, but Brutus convinces them against it. Scene 1. "Julius Caesar Act 2 Summary and Analysis". Critics often point out Brutus' tactical errors which lead to his eventual loss. Brutus, a close friend of Caesar, is worried about the power of Caesar. Julius Caesar Act 2, scene 2. He asks her what he should do there, but she is so distracted that she is unable to tell him the purpose. A summary of Part X (Section5) in William Shakespeare's Julius Caesar. In the wee hours of the morning, he is alone on stage, debating with himself about what to do regarding Julius Caesar. Let's kill him boldly, but not wrathfully; Let's carve him as a dish fit for the gods. She then stabs herself in the thigh as proof of her courage. However, there are important differences between them. Brutus has been looking for a reason to act, and the letter provides that stimulation. Women are marginalized in Julius Caesar. Caesar has had a frightening dream. Antony has known all along that Caesar's wounds will be his strongest argument, because they belie Brutus's assertion that theirs was a "noble sacrifice" and look more like the result of frenzied butchery. Julius Caesar triumphantly returns to Rome on the festival of Lupercalia, celebrated on February 15. Start studying Julius Caesar Act 2 Questions. Ironically, Calpurnia's dream of a Caesar statue bleeding from a hundred holes with which Romans bath their hands, is an accurate prediction of Caesar's death, which occurs in the Act 3. When Lucius has gone, Brutus speaks one of the most important and controversial soliloquies in the play. He tells Cassius: Let us be sacrificers, but not butchers, Caius. Brutus is in his garden and has decided that Caesar must be killed. This scene occurs in the orchard of Brutus' home in Rome, the same night as the last scene. Another way to prevent getting this page in the future is to use Privacy Pass. how could the same audience be convinced to view Cesar’s death one way then take the opposite point of view after the second man has. Perfect for acing essays, tests, and quizzes, as well as for writing lesson plans. Calphurnia, Caesar’s wife, persuades him to stay home because she fears for his safety. How I have thought of this and of these times. / How hard it is for women to keep counsel!" What, Rome? Throughout the play, Brutus alone suffers from a lack of sleep. Cassius and his followers then depart, leaving Brutus alone. There are many examples of how nature, omens, and the supernatural play important parts in the play. Act III of Julius Caesar might be considered the climax, or most intense part or the play, because this is where all of Brutus' conflict comes to a head. Cassius states Mark Antony should be killed along with Caesar, but again Brutus is against the plan, fearing they will be perceived as too bloody. Read our modern English translation of this scene. Lucius, Brutus' servant, brings him a letter (planted by Cassius) he has found in Brutus' private room. Julius Caesar by Shakespeare summary in under five minutes! The soothsayer who previously warned Caesar sees her and speaks with her, informing Portia that he will try to once again warn Caesar about his fate. Speak, strike, redress. Artemidorus has written Caesar a letter in which he names all of the conspirators against Caesar. Classification of the Main Characters of William Shakespeare's The Tragedy of Julius Caesar, Shakespeare's Presentation of the Character of Mark Antony in 'Julius Caesar', Julius Caesar, Act II, Scene 1: A lesson is dramatic effectiveness, View Wikipedia Entries for Julius Caesar…. Awake, and see thyself" (2.1.46). Thus must I piece it out: Shall Rome stand under one man's awe? Brutus, contrary to the way he tries to present himself, is a vain man, easily manipulated by Cassius. A knock sounds on the door and Lucius leaves to answer it. Caesar acts brave and tells her that he fears nothing, and that he will die when it is necessary for him to die. His reasons for reaching this conclusion are that Caesar is abusing his power and that has ascended far too quickly. Shelby, C. ed. Summary. Performance & security by Cloudflare, Please complete the security check to access. In contrast, Caesar ignores and spurns his wife Calpurnia's warnings against attending Senate. Title: Julius Caesar | Act I, Scene 2: Summary and Analysis Author: user Last modified by: user Created Date: 3/3/2011 2:36:00 PM Company: GST BOCES However, Decius soon arrives to fetch Caesar to the Senate House. Find a summary of this and each chapter of Julius Caesar! She is alluding to the fact that she knows what Brutus is planning to do to Caesar, and is unwilling to keep it a secret. When Caesar and others exit, Cassius and Brutus remain behind. Julius Caesar E-Text contains the full text of Julius Caesar. ', Such instigations have been often dropped. Julius Caesar: Act 2, scene 1 Summary & Analysis New! Act 2 Scene 2 Mark Antony shall say I am not well, and for thy humor I will stay at home. Lucius. Summary: Act II, scene iii Artemidorus comes onstage, reading to himself a letter that he has written Caesar, warning him to be wary of Brutus, Casca, and the other conspirators. Alone, Brutus states he has not slept since Cassius first incited him against Caesar. This contrasts with Brutus' use of "I", and his eventual defeat: "That you do love me I am nothing jealous. Portia orders the servant Lucius to go to the Senate House. His reasons for reaching this conclusion are that Caesar is abusing his power and that has ascended far too quickly. Brutus' first grave mistake is allowing Mark Antony to live. Understand every line of Julius Caesar. Caesar, still in his nightgown, is terrified by a dream his wife Calpurnia has had in which she cried out, "Help, ho! Julius Caesar literature essays are academic essays for citation. Act II of Julius Caesar opens with one of Brutus' famous soliloquies. Caesar tells Calpurnia that he was acting foolishly, and agrees to go to the Senate. Completing the CAPTCHA proves you are a human and gives you temporary access to the web property. Decius overwhelms Caesar's resistance by asking him if the Senate should dissolve until a better time when Calpurnia has more favorable dreams. Brutus is in his orchard. He orders a servant to go to the priests and have them sacrifice an animal in order to read the entrails for predictions of the future. What you would work me to I have some aim. Scene Summary Act 2, Scene 1. I shall recount hereafter. GradeSaver, 21 September 2005 Web. Caesar then tells Decius about Calpurnia's dream, to which Decius replies that the dream was misinterpreted. And, gentle friends. The first line of the letter reads, "Brutus, thou sleep'st. The act begins with Caesar's arrival in the Capitol. Stir up their servants to an act of rage, And after seem to chide 'em. Brutus' greatest error is in through the murder wanting to uphold the republic while simultaneously breaking the fundamental rules of the republic. Close. The servant returns and tells him that the sacrificed animal did not have a heart, a very bad omen. This really helps Cassius, a conspirator who wants to take down Caesar. If you are at an office or shared network, you can ask the network administrator to run a scan across the network looking for misconfigured or infected devices. She remarks to the audience, "I have a man's mind, but a woman's might. She begs him to tell her why he is so upset. Ligarius enters, pretending to be sick. Cassius' fears are justified... Julius Caesar study guide contains a biography of William Shakespeare, literature essays, a complete e-text, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. Brutus. However, they are worried that Caesar will not attend the Senate because he has become increasingly superstitious over the past few months. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. You'll get access to all of the Julius Caesar content, as well as access to more than 30,000 additional guides and more than 350,000 Homework Help questions answered by our experts. O Rome, I make thee promise, If the redress will follow, thou receivest, Thy full petition at the hand of Brutus.". The plebeians are celebrating Caesar's victory over the sons of Pompey, one... Brutus and Mark Antony speak to the same crowd about the same man and the same event with very different outcomes of mind. Imagine calling on the dead Julius Caesar himself to address the mob!!! Actually understand Julius Caesar Act 2, Scene 2. We shall be call'd purgers, not murderers. Read every line of Shakespeare’s original text alongside a modern English translation. Caesar pays no attention to this and gets enraged. At first, her dream of his death keeps him home, but Decius is able to convince him tha this wife is silly in her concern. He meets with the conspirators and clashes with his wife Portia. • He stands on a street near the Capitol and waits for Caesar to pass by on his way to the Senate so that he can hand Caesar the note. Brutus interprets the letter as if it were a request from all of Rome to slay Caesar and restore the republic. And let our hearts, as subtle masters do. However, the letter, which he believes to be from Roman citizens, provides him with an excuse to act. Caesar insists on misinterpreting the omens, but Calpurnia begs him to blame her for his absence from the Senate, to which he finally agrees. Brutus is in his garden and has decided that Caesar must be killed. Themes and Colors Key LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Julius Caesar, which … Decius first mocks the dream, saying, "Bring up the Senate till another time, / When Caesar's wife shall meet with better dreams" 2.2.98-99). Caesar, still in his nightgown, is terrified by a dream his wife Calpurniahas had in which she cried out, "Help, ho! Learn exactly what happened in this chapter, scene, or section of Julius Caesar and what it means. Summary and Analysis of Act 2 Act Two, Scene One. ... — Julius Caesar, Act 1 Scene 2. Brutus' wife Portia arrives and tells him he has left her bed and given her unkind looks. To speak and strike? Casca remains onstage with Brutus and Cassius and tells them that the three shouts they heard were because Antony offered Caesar the crown three times, but he turned it down each time. Brutus finally agrees to tell her what is concerning him, but sends her away before he is able to explain, because there is another knock on the door. For this present, I would not, so with love I might entreat you". Not affiliated with Harvard College. He is followed by Antony and Brutus, their wives, and many followers. His insomnia represents an internal struggle over whether to betray his friend or act in what he believes to be the best interests of Rome. 'Shall Rome, et cetera?' Caesar acts brave and tells her that he fears nothing, and that he will die when it is necessary for him to die. Awake, and see thyself. Caesar's use of the third person creates a sense of permanence, as do the images Caesar involes of Mount Olympus and the Colassus. The group plans to commit Caesar's murder at the Senate at eight o'clock that morning (it is only three in the morning at this point). Decius tells the group that he knows how to flatter Caesar, and assures them he will convince Caesar to go to the Senate. Scene 2. About “Julius Caesar Act 2 Scene 1” After a sleepless night, Brutus decides that Caesar must be assassinated before he becomes a tyrant. This free study guide is stuffed with the juicy details and important facts you need to know. He alludes to this through his use of the third person: "Caesar should be a beast without a heart" (2.2.42), "And Caesar shall go forth" (2.2.48). Brutus has been sleeping poorly thinking about Caesar's growing power. Brutus says that, "Since Cassius first did whet me against Caesar / I have not slept" (2.1.61) He adds to this that his mind, "Like to a little kingdom, suffers then / The nature of an insurrection" (2.1.68-9). These references foreshadow the power Caesar will continue to hold, even after his death. Yet "murderers" is exactly what Antony will call the conspirators. Your IP: 126.96.36.199 His personal struggle is a microcosm for the civil war that eventually occurs. Jealous conspirators convince Caesar's friend Brutus to join their assassination plot against Caesar. There is much attention paid to omens and how they foreshadow the death of Julius Caesar. Summary Act II. Act II, Scene 4 of The Tragedy of Julius Caesar adds to the heightened suspense preceding the death of Julius Caesar. The Question and Answer section for Julius Caesar is a great 'Brutus, thou sleep'st. Act 2, scene 2. Cassius and the other conspirators then arrive to accompany him to the Senate. It is also the longest act of the play. The forces of nature play a very important role in The Tragedy of Julius Caesar: Act by William Shakespeare. Close. Julius Caesar Act 1, scene 2. Brutus capitulates to Portia, acknowledging her strength. Antony responds with, \"When Caesar says 'Do this', it is performed\" (1.2.12). Brutus' fatal flaw is revealed when he interprets the first letter he receives according to his personal bias. Caesar's entourage is composed of Calpurnia, Portia, Antony, Casca, Cassius, Decius Brutus, Brutus, and Cicero. Julius Caesar: Novel Summary: Act 1, Scene 2 In another public place in Rome, Caesar, accompanied by his followers, encounters a soothsayer, who tells him to beware the ides of March (March 15). (2.1.295-6). Thus, like Malvolio in Twelfth Night, Brutus misconstrues the letter's meaning to fulfill his desire for power. Caesar must bleed for it! However, his greatest mistake is allowing Antony to speak to the crowds. A soothsayer loudly cautions Caesar to "Beware the Ides of March." Literature Network » William Shakespeare » Julius Caesar » Summary Act II. Julius Caesar Summary. In his soliloquy in Act 3, … Shall Rome, et cetera? Caesar and his entourage enter with flourish, they are followed by a crowd, and a soothsayer is amongst the crowd. Julius Caesar: Act 2 By Brogan Stewart, Noah Rucker, Jonah Kirby, Seth Hartley, and Koby Trotter Important Character for this Act Summary: Scene 1 Summary: Scene 2 Brutus: Caesar's best friend and a co-conspirator Lucius: Brutus's servant Cassius: the main mastermind of Caesar's resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss the novel. Act I. Shakespeare's famous Roman play opens to the scene of two Tribunes, Marullus and Flavius scolding Roman citizens for blindly worshipping Caesar. Caesar tells him to inform the Senate that he will not come this day. Next. Brutus is so focused on his inner turmoil that when he reads the letter, he fills in the blanks with, "Shall Rome stand under one man's awe?" Caesar. (2.1.295-6), and stabs herself in the thigh to prove her strength. Synopsis: A soothsayer advises Caesar that the fifteenth of March will be a dangerous day for him. Scene Summary Act 2, Scene 2. Caesar dismisses all the signs he shouldn’t go to the Senate and ignores his wife’s pleas to stay home . Casca then says that Caesar swooned and fell down with his... Julius Caesar short summary from act 1 all scenes less than 5 sentences. They murder Caesar!" Characters . Portia and Calpurnia are the women in the play, and are confined to the domestic household. She first kneels, begging him to share his secrets, and then stands up dramatically, stating, "Think you I am no stronger than my sex, / Being so fathered and so husbanded?" Brutus then asks Lucius what day it is, and he informs his master that it is the ides of March, or March 15th. Caesar's greatest achievement is his ability to outlive his mortal death. He then brilliantly creates an alternate interpretation of the dream, saying, "Your statue spouting blood in many pipes, / In which so many smiling Romans bathed, / Signifies that from you great Rome shall suck / Reviving blood" (2.2.85-88). Portia is the first of the two to appear, and she struggles to convince Brutus that she is worthy of his confidence. Copyright © 1999 - 2020 GradeSaver LLC. Cassius urges Brutus to oppose Caesar for fear that Caesar may become king. Chapter Summary for William Shakespeare's Julius Caesar, act 2 scene 2 summary. If you are on a personal connection, like at home, you can run an anti-virus scan on your device to make sure it is not infected with malware. Antony also appears and joins the group of men who then escort Caesar out of his house. Summary. Synopsis: It is now the fifteenth of March. They murder Caesar!" Brutus' servant who brings him candles and announces the people who come to the door. A strong woman of brave lineage, she again begs him to tell her what is wrong, asking him, "Think you I am no stronger than my sex, / Being so fathered and so husbanded?" The fountains of blood pouring from Caesar's body that Calpurnia saw reflected the new life Caesar is giving to Rome, not his death. (Caesar) Julius Caesar: Novel Summary: Act 2, Scene 1 Brutus reflects in a soliloquy that he has nothing against Caesar personally, but Caesar must be killed for the general good of Rome. This shall make. It is night and he calls impatiently for his servant, Lucius, and sends him to light a candle in his study. Clearly, Calpurnia is not as powerful a woman as Portia. Mark Antony drives the conspirators out of Rome and fights them in a battle. The servant returns and tells him that the sacrificed animal did n… Find out what happens in our Act 2, Scene 1 summary for Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare. Brutus joins the plot against Caesar. Brutus falsely tries to divide the indivisible by pretending killing Caesar is not murder, when it clearly is. We all stand up against the spirit of Caesar; And in the spirit of men there is no blood: O, that we then could come by Caesar's spirit. Caesar tells Antony to strike his wife Calpurnia during the festival (during which two men, including Antony, run through the street of Rome and hit those they meet with goatskin thongs) to rid her of her sterility. To stop Caesar from gaining too much power, Brutus and the conspirators kill him on the Ides of March.
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Linda McQuaig is a journalist, public speaker and political activist who has authored 8 books, including several that have examined Canada’s tax system. In the ‘80’s she covered the fall of the Shah in Iran and, after award-winning writing for most of Canada’s leading magazines and newspapers, examined the relationship of Bay St. to the finance ministry in her 1987 book “Behind Closed Doors. Her most recent book is “The Trouble with Billionaires”, co-authored with one of Canada’s top tax law experts, Professor Neil Brooks. She is running for the NDP in the 2015 federal election.
BENGER: I was at the launch of Canadians for Tax Fairness in Ottawa and was interested in why you think there has been a rise in these Global Tax Justice Networks at this time?
LINDA McQUAIG: I think the rise of global tax justice networks now is explained by a few things. I mean, I think it’s partly the Occupy Wall Street movement. I mean, even though that ended, we don’t hear too much about it anymore. I think it had an enormous impact in raising awareness of this problem of all the money gravitating to the top. So I think that had a lasting impact.
I also think the impact of the 2008 recession and crash and ongoing recession and the brutality of that should have, by any logic, been a wake up call that this whole neo-Liberal agenda of catering to the rich and redesigning all our economic laws in their favour was not working and was extremely problematic.
But of course we haven’t seen that. Of course we’ve seen no correction whatsoever in the wake of that financial crash. And I think those things probably more than anything are driving this sense that something terribly wrong is going on that has to be corrected.
BENGER: I am astonished by the numbers about tax avoidance in Canada and how well established it is as a completely mainstream practice in Canadian business. Why is it not a better-known story in Canada?
LINDA McQUAIG: It is astonishing the sheer volume of tax avoidance and use of tax havens, and every now and then those numbers do surface and get virtually no attention. Or at least I shouldn’t say they get no attention, they get a little spurt of media attention but there’s absolutely no follow up.
And I guess it’s hard to draw any conclusion other than there’s just very powerful interests, basically the business elite that don’t want that issue highlighted and that, you know, in the absence of some powerful counterforce, let’s say a powerful labour movement — which we increasingly do not have — those numbers come out and then they’ll just be whisked away.
I mean, I’m struck that, you know, now we have this snitch line, this tax cheat snitch line introduced by the Harper government and the idea is, you know, we’re going to cut down on tax cheats and seems to be in line with their, you know, get tough on crime… In fact, that’s just a ludicrous approach to the problem. We have billions of dollars that are being moved, you know, into tax havens in order to avoid tax. The answer isn’t set up a snitch line, the answer is to go after that problem in the systematic way that we now know it can be addressed by.
But there’s absolutely no momentum, at least within Canada to go in that direction. So it’s hard to avoid the conclusion that it isn’t simply a question of power, that the interests that are at stake here, the amount of tax avoidance that’s going on is so beneficial to the very powerful interests in this country.
And they own the media, let’s face it. They are very influential in shaping government policy or influencing the shape of government policy. And they just want to keep it off the agenda and they do.
BENGER: I’ve done every story under the sun in my 30 years in Canadian journalism and documentary filmmaking except economics which I’ve avoided religiously. Because I don’t understand or know a lot about Canadian business economics, but what I am struck by is a reverence towards business. Taking a critical independent view of business causes a frosty reception. It came out at the launch when Bob Rae stood up and pissed on everyone’s parade and said, “You can’t get elected in this country by making the rich pay”. From your perspective how frustrating is it to deal with a national attitude that business is untouchable.
LINDA McQUAIG:: It’s fascinating that Bob Rae, of all people, would say, you know, you can’t get elected arguing for taxing the rich in Canada because he actually did get elected on that platform. I mean, that wasn’t his whole platform but in 1990 when he ran as leader of the NDP and the provincial election in Ontario and won a majority government, the key item in his platform was actually re-introducing an inheritance tax in Ontario.
And that was a popular item. Now, of course when he got in power he proceeded to set up a commission to, an inquiry to look into it and, you know, nothing came of it. So I don’t know, he might be able to argue it’s impossible to put these policies in place but he certainly can’t argue that they’re not popular.
I would argue that that was in fact, you know, part of what got him elected. It was a very populous platform he ran on.
And let’s not forget Andrea Horwath, the current NDP leader in Ontario, who actually refused, she held the balance of power in 2012 and in provincial legislature and refused to pass the budget supporting the liberals unless they introduced an added surtax on incomes over $500,000.
It seemed like a very controversial measure at the time, it was roundly denounced in business circles. One business leader went on TV calling it ethnic cleansing of the rich. And yet she held her ground and after a little while it became obvious that it was in fact a very popular measure among ordinary people and the measure went through. And it’s turned out to be not controversial at all particularly as time has gone on.
So I guess my point is I’m not for a second arguing that business isn’t an enormously powerful political force. It will flex its muscle and fight tax, you know, higher taxes every step of the way. That’s absolutely true.
I guess the only point I’d like to make is that I’m not convinced that a heavier burden on the corporate world wouldn’t actually play very well with Canadian taxpayers. I actually think it would.
I do find it interesting, this notion that you can’t criticize business, that if you criticize business you’re, I don’t know, unpatriotic or you’re out to destroy the economy or you’re just some raving socialist or whatever. That notion, I think, has become more pervasive over time.
I’ve been writing about this issue about inequality and all the money going to the top really since the mid-’70s, let’s say. And it’s just striking to me the, how the debate seems to narrow over time.
I mean, I can remember I guess it was in the early ’80s I was a reporter at the Globe and Mail and I can remember getting stories that would go on the front page of the Globe and Mail about how the rich were avoiding tax. And, you know, those stories would generate a fair bit of excitement and interest and controversy.
I think it’s harder to get that kind of story into the real mainstream media now. Every now and then something does surface but I don’t think the mainstream media is necessarily behind that kind of, I guess you could call it investigative reporting or it’s not even critical reporting.
BENGER: In your book 30 years ago, Behind Closed Doors, generally how would you say Canadian business won control over Canada’s tax system?
LINDA McQUAIG: In many ways the rich have always had control of Canada’s tax system, I guess that’s the bottom line. But I would argue that a unique opportunity came up that challenged that dominance basically in the 1960s.
For a bizarre series of reasons the Diefenbaker government appointed a Royal Commission into taxation. It wasn’t meant to shake up the tax system but ended up being, producing a very critical document which basically argued famously “a buck is a buck is a buck” meaning all income should be treated the same.
And of course if you treat all income the same and you get rid of special treatment for capital gains and dividend income and inheritances, boy, you’re revolutionizing the tax system and you’re doing it in a way that will be beneficial to ordinary people and disadvantageous to the wealthy.
So anyway, this report came out and basically what happened was that, even though it was a blue ribbon panel of accountants and sort of tax specialists, business connected people that had recommended it, the reaction from the business community was so fierce and so overwhelming and so over the top and distorted and misleading that they succeeded in beating back the very ultimately progressive ideas that were in that Carter Royal Commission Report.
And in fact it’s interesting because in the ’70s I think largely as a result of that Carter Commission and its very interesting progression findings, the business community became very organized. You know, I think that’s the genesis of a lot of the real business organization, highly organized business community that we see today.
And they were able therefore to later beat back other attempts. You know, we had a white paper on taxation from the Trudeau government in the early ’70s, they absolutely destroyed that. In the early ’80s, again, the liberal government under, well, Allan MacEachen was the finance minister came out with a surprisingly progressive document that wanted to close a lot of the loopholes that were very beneficial to the rich. Again, just absolutely destroyed by the overwhelming response, negative response to the business community.
So I guess I would say that the rich won control of Canada’s tax system by just being so organized and so aggressive and having the media so supportive because, again, the media is so heavily owned by the corporate elite and, you know, they see all kinds of merit in tax breaks for corporate interest.
So they were able to, to beat back these progressive, these attempts to make progressive reforms. And of course the flipside of this coin is that one of the reasons they’re able to do this is because, you know, ordinary citizens are just left out of the debate. That Royal Commission on taxation in the 1960s, it was, you know, they were supposed to investigate every aspect of the tax system to recommend changes did not even include — I think it was a 5 person panel — did not even include a representative from labour. It wasn’t considered necessary. It was all basically business and accounting people.
I mean, the tax laws are enormously complicated and the reason for that of course is the tax lawyers are always trying to figure out some way to run some new loophole that will save their clients some huge amounts of money and so it’s very complicated to counter that.
But in fact, the simple truth is the basic principles of taxation are not that complicated. The basic principles have always been fairly straightforward. And what business does is use this complexity, this technical complexity to argue sort of hands off this area. People can’t deal with it, you know in order to get what they want.
BENGER: Does this mean that business is getting a free ride in this country?
LINDA McQUAIG: What this ultimately means is that business is getting really a free ride and nobody’s really paying attention. And it’s interesting that in some ways it’s sort of ends up in the hands of the Supreme Court where there again sort of the, you know, we see a kind of caving in to the power of business.
Which is interesting because the Supreme Court in some other areas has shown some innovation and some willingness to, you know, carve out new interesting areas of the law. But when it comes to tax, they’ve been… Well, they’ve been just very pro-business you could say.
One of the real problems is that in Canada, you know, we don’t even know how much an individual corporation pays in tax when it comes to these multinational companies. They file consolidated financial statements in which they, you know, indicate the amount of tax paid but it’s consolidated for worldwide income.
We don’t know where that tax is paid and on what rate. We don’t know how much is paid in Canada. So we have very little information, which would seem to be relevant. I mean, we’ve been in this exercise for years now in Canada in dramatically reducing the corporate tax rate, cutting it virtually in half, and we’re not allowed, the public isn’t even allowed to even have the most basic information about what kind of tax rates corporations here are paying.
BENGER: If the Supreme Court is the only entity in the country monitoring this are we in trouble?
LINDA McQUAIG One of the problems of course with courts always is that they have this veneer where they’re just deciding things on strictly legal questions. But of course there’s all kinds of political leeway, ideological biases that go into their decisions.The Supreme Court of Canada has, unlike the Tax Court of Canada, which is often quite good, has taken very, I don’t know if you want to say, narrow definitions… It’s basically taken an approach that is extremely beneficial to wealthy interests trying to avoid tax.
It’s hard not to raise the question about whether or not the individuals of the Supreme Court are, move in the same circles or, you know, just generally comfortable with that business milieu and very sympathetic to it.
BENGER: I was struck that the law school at Osgoode Hall is brought to you by Gowlings, the McCarthy Tetreault lecture room. What about the corporatization of academe?
LINDA McQUAIG: I think sadly, of course, what’s missing is a broader understanding of the repercussions of the decisions they make, the enormous social repercussions that if you turn a blind eye to the problem of transfer pricing by corporations, by which they avoid hundreds of millions of dollars if not billions a year collectively in taxes, what do you do then?
Where… how do we make up that money? We make it up either by cutting programs that are of course extremely important. We never seem to cut, deeply cut into things like the police or the fire or the military, but we cut into things like healthcare, care for the elderly, all the kind of social needs that are particularly felt down at the, towards the lower end.
Or you force ordinary mediate income families to pay a lot more in tax. So the ramifications are huge and I think sort of baring it in this sort of very technical language, which of course the Supreme Court does, helps obscure the enormity of the issues at stake.
It’s absolutely significant, I think, what’s been happening in recent years in the academic world, and that is that as we’ve cut back taxes so dramatically on, you know, corporations and high income individuals and, therefore, depleted our revenues, we’ve cut back on public subsidies to our universities.
And universities have made up that shortfall by turning to the corporate sector and they do it unabashedly. The main officials at universities now, president and senior officials are largely fundraisers. That’s mostly what they do.
And so a university like U of T, I think, in recent years has been raising over $100 million a year, which is just astonishing what they’ve been able to raise — but to compensate for that loss of general tax revenue.
Now, on some levels, you know, people think this is wonderful — you know, this seems extremely generous, we see this big donations. But are we so naive to think that these corporations are making these huge payments to universities and expecting nothing in return? Expecting no role in influencing the shape of our universities, the content of what’s being taught?
And I think the answer is of course there’s an influence in that direction. You know, when you see up at Osgoode University, Osgoode Hall, the York University, when you see all the major classrooms and seminar rooms are, have all been paid for by a major law firm, and you also realize that in order to get that money out of those law firms, or course the university is encouraging the law firm to explain what they would like to see in terms of a legal education.
BENGER: What about the idea of cutting deficits, this obedience to cutting and causing disruption in all sorts of lives, more at the bottom than the top and yet this huge pool of capital sits in some form of tax avoidance?
LINDA McQUAIG:A: There’s an enormous connection between the austerity agenda that has been shoved down our throats and the fact that corporate Canada is getting away with all kinds of tax evasion and avoidance. Just a direct connection. It’s in many ways so obvious but it’s so rarely even mentioned. You know, when we, when you look at the kind of cuts that the Harper government has done, I mean, they eliminate things like, you know, the Experimental Lakes Programme, you know, all kinds of enormously important scientific research facilities that are necessary to track global warming.
Obviously they want to eliminate these things in the name of reducing the deficit.
And then there’s all the things that aren’t being constructed that should be. We have an enormous infrastructure deficit in this country. You know, we need to rebuild our highways, our public transit systems, we need to invest in green technology.
I mean, there’s so many things that are desperately needed but instead of investing in those, you know, we, we allow corporations to not pay taxes so then we can argue we don’t have the money to do these things.
We have the situation where Mark Carney, the former Governor of the Bank of Canada, not long ago made the point that Canadian corporations are sitting on something 520 billion in cash that they’re not investing. That money is so, so directly related to the enormous corporate tax cuts we’ve given the corporate world, and those tax cuts were always given in the name of well, if we give them they’ll create jobs. They clearly haven’t used that money to create jobs, they haven’t invested…
They’re sitting on it. They’re sitting on it because there’s not much demand because the incomes of ordinary people aren’t growing. Clearly it would be better if that money were in the hands of government where it could be invested in all the things that Canadians actually need.
BENGER: Last year, Cameron, Hollande and Merkel said that tax avoidance was going to be the number one issue at the G8 Summit in Ireland in June. Six weeks before that, Jim Flaherty made an unpublicized trip to Bermuda where he re-assured Bermuda, the king of Caribbean of offshore tax havens, that Canada had no intention in wavering in its whole-hearted support of the Bermudian economy. At the same time Canada’s supposed to tag along with the G8’s attempts to close these loopholes where multi-billions of tax dollars go offshore.
LINDA McQUAIG: If all the countries got together it would not be very difficult in fact to clamp down on all sorts of things, including the use of tax havens. I mean, if all the countries, if all the major western countries decided, for instance, to require all banks in the world to make reports to governments, you know, of all payments to their clients living in that country, you could do an enormous amount to clamp down on tax havens.
You could put the whole thing pretty much out of business. That’s well within the reach of the major countries in the world to do that because they essentially control the international financial system and it would be quite doable.
The Harper government beats its chest and says, “We’re going to cut down on tax havens by having this snitch line. People can phone in.” I mean, that’s just ludicrous. I mean, that’s like, you know, saying we’re gonna cut down on bank robberies by having a snitch line. If you see a bank robbery going on, phone this snitch line and at the same time they, the Harper government is giving sort of manuals to bank robbers how to open safes or something.
I mean, it just, it… If you want to cut down on tax havens, you must cooperate with other countries. There is a movement that is pushing hard in this direction. We can see in Britain and France and Germany the support, strongly, for this kind of thing. You know, if Canada had any useful role to play on this it could make an enormous difference.
And so what you’re gonna see is of course that, you know, when they get the budget balanced, they’re planning to let rip all these new tax breaks. They’ve already talked about income splitting, which is just really a way to reward high income people that… It offers high income people with a stay at home spouse. It offers no benefit to people lower down the income scale.
I mean, then we’ll go on a kind of tax cutting spree rather than correcting all this suffering and austerity, the fact that, you know, for the majority of Canadians, you know, incomes are stagnant or declining.
That’s true for about 80 per cent of Canadians. Really only in the top 20 per cent, it’s really only in the top 1 per cent that you’re seeing significant growth. And that top 1 per cent is not only not being asked to make a contribution to deficit reduction but has been benefiting significantly from, you know, doing extremely well since the financial crisis.
And that group will benefit even more once the budget is balanced and this, what we can imagine I think to be a cavalcade of new tax things that will be coming down the pipe because of course Stephen Harper has this determination to, you know, eliminate the last tax standing.
Completely indifferent to the notion that taxes pay for, for a civilized country and for the, all the systems and all the benefits and all the social services that are just so utterly important to the lives of millions of Canadians. That just somehow gets left aside.
We’re talking about amounts in the billions to the point that it’s sort of incomprehensible to ordinary Canadians. The number may be tossed out occasionally and, you know, then we move on to the next thing.
But these amounts of money are not just a number of no consequences, it amounts to what we produce in this country collectively and what should be available to us here to in some way invest and enjoy the benefits of together.
And the notion that we just let it kind of scoot through our fingers and there it goes, it’s gone, we forget about it, and let’s get back to policing, you know, the little guy every little tax thing, you better not make a mistake on your tax return or you’ll be in deep trouble.
It’s just astonishing that we aren’t more deeply morally outraged about it. | <urn:uuid:e84dcf4a-4bd6-4199-9d2b-4f8c2770d596> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | http://cogentbenger.com/canadiantaxdodge/interviews/linda-mcquaig/ | 2024-04-13T22:26:35Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.966754 | 5,078 | 5,403 |
[Note: The following interview was conducted in July 2009, but has not previously been published.]
Since the 1997 release of his first graphic novel, Two-Fisted Science, writer, librarian, and one-time nuclear engineer Jim Ottaviani, has been telling compelling stories about the lives and work of scientists. He’s written about everything from J. Robert Oppenheimer’s work on the atomic bomb (Fallout, 2001), to Hedy Lamarr’s invention of an early “frequency hopping” communication sytem (Dignifying Science, 2003), to Harry Harlow’s investigations into the necessity of love (Wire Mothers, 2007). Along the way, he’s worked with more than two dozen artists, including Donna Barr, Roberta Gregory, Roger Langridge, Steve Lieber, Dylan Meconis, Linda Medley, and many others.
His eighth and most recent book, T-Minus: The Race to the Moon, illustrated by Zander Cannon and Kevin Cannon, relates the dual stories of the US and Soviet space programs through the late 1950s and 1960s, as they competed to be first to the lunar surface. But true to form, Ottaviani’s telling of the story focuses less on the astronauts who made the journey than on the engineers and rocket scientists who made the journey possible.
[Danner] Did you do anything interesting to commemorate the 40th anniversary of the Apollo 11 mission this past July?
[Ottaviani] I did a T-Minus signing at my local comic book shop! We showed Apollo footage, talked about space, I signed some books, and we had Tang on hand to quench our thirst and provide crucial vitamin C. So nobody got scurvy and we had a great time.
One scene that really struck me in T-Minus was the montage of the whole world preparing for the Apollo 11 launch—England considering a public notification system, the pope having a special color television installed. The only recent events I can think of that had that kind of effect were either national disasters or celebrity deaths. Am I being too cynical? Or is it possible that, as a culture, we've lost our ability to appreciate extraordinary achievement?
I don't think we've lost that ability. I wonder if one factor among the many that lead to the loss you're talking about is that it's more of an effect of us not all experiencing achievements and events the same way, or even at the same time. Your best friend learns about something new via Twitter and gets the full 140 character impact of that, someone else sees it on Fox News and gets their spin on it that evening, I read about it in the New York Times (online) a day later, you hear an extended piece on NPR that weekend via a podcast from the day it happened, etc. ad infinitum.
I won't argue that more choices—both in terms of venue and in terms of the ability to experience something at a time and place that's convenient for you—is a bad thing, because it's not. But I don't think big chunks of the world stop what they're doing and all tune into the same, live, broadcast the way they used to. And that collective experience does change our appreciation of events.
Again, that's just one thing that contributes to this.
Do you see any potential for space flight to ever again capture the world's imagination the way it once did?
Well, two things about that. First, the world's imagination was captured by Apollo, but it wasn't held for long. If you've ever seen the movie Apollo 13, you'll remember how their mission didn't get much attention until things went wrong. Second, I think the answer is “yes.” Putting people on other worlds will do the trick. The thing is to not make it look like it's just a trick or a stunt, but to get something out of it and make it part of an ongoing expedition to other worlds. There's a lot out there to keep us enthralled and excited.
What about the burgeoning commercial space tourism industry that's been taking its first steps over the past few years? Do you see potential there, or is it too much of a stunt?
Imagine a long pause here, while I start to imagine a rosy scenario of me riding things that look like jetskis around the New and Improved International Space Station and Resort, and popping in for a quick sip of Tang and freeze-dried pizza when I've had enough of that…and then think about it harder and realize that if that sort of thing ever does happen it's not going to be me on the SpaceSki™ and enjoying LunarDeepDishVeggieDelight®.
I don't think it's a stunt, or at least not any more so than climbing Everest has become. But that's not a flattering analogy, since I don't have a high opinion of what climbing Everest has become.
Providing an experience only to the wealthy—and that's what space tourism will be for a long while after it becomes real—isn't likely to excite, much less inspire, many people. Or at least not much further than to inspire people to say "I wish I was rich enough to do that, but if I was I would spend my money on X, Y, or Z instead."
Though as an aside, and speaking for myself, space tourism would make my top five list of things to spend my fabulous and excess wealth on, once I had fabulous and excess wealth! I may need to reconsider my plan of achieving this by writing comic books…
Anyway, that's more pessimistic than I'd like to be, and I do think the spin-offs of space tourism, such as making sub-orbital flights safe and routine, may have payoffs for the rest of us. But I doubt space tourism itself will inspire enough people to make it worthwhile for that reason alone.
I see your point, but don't most technologies have a long history of serving wealthy early adopters until the development costs get paid off? I could be mistaken, but my understanding of the history of commercial air flight is that it began by serving wealthy thrill-seekers, until it became economical to offer lower cost flights. Is there reason to expect a different trajectory for the commercial space flight industry?
Good point. It's true that commercial air flight's transition from "full service with china place settings for wealthy travelers" to "no-service city bus in the sky" only took about 50 years. So maybe I'm just impatient.
The difference I see, though, is that commercial airlines always took you somewhere *else*, and not just up and down. So until there's somewhere to go via commercial space flight, it's not as much like a trip on a plane as it is like really expensive and very cool roller coaster ride. Again, I'd take that ride if I could!
I know T-Minus is the first book you've written with a younger audience specifically in mind, but do you have a sense of who your readers are in general? Are your books being read primarily by adults or younger readers?
My best guess is that so far my readers are mostly adults. Maybe T-Minus will change that, but I don't know.
Until the last two, my books have been on more adult topics, so that's probably why. By "adult topics," I don't mean there are things in them that would get somebody in trouble with the school board or get something shelved in a special section of a library, but more that my first few books were unlikely to interest a 4th- or 5th-grader in reading about the Manhattan Project.
Everybody likes astronauts and dinosaurs, though, so my two most recent books seem to have appealed to the broadest group of readers yet. And you never know what works, for whom. I hear about Dignifying Science being used in sixth grade classes, and though I wouldn't have predicted that, I think that's great.
Do you find that your books sell primarily to individuals or more to schools and libraries?
I think [schools] are still discovering my books, and comics in general. I know some graphic novels are targeted specifically for a school market, but I tend not to see those…and I haven't written any. Education is not the main goal of my books—I want them to entertain, first and foremost. I love it when people tell me they've learned something, and read one or more of the sources I referenced in the back of the book, of course, but whenever I have to choose between telling a better story or packing another useful fact/theory/idea/whatever into a book, story wins.
As for libraries, the most progressive were early adopters of comics, well before the general public started reading about Persepolisor manga or Watchmenin their local newspapers. But there are a lot of libraries out there, so I think comics are just beginning to reach their potential audience. The body of work that's worth preserving and being read again and again has increased exponentially since I started writing comics. I hope I'm part of that!
In both T-Minus and Bone Sharps, Cowboys, and Thunder Lizards, you've acknowledged a degree of fictionalization in service to the story. To what extent do you fictionalize events? How do you decide when and how to fictionalize events?
The ideal is to fictionalize as little as possible. But any time you depict someone saying something that you don't have an actual sound recording of him or her saying, you've already crossed the line. So you decide on the fly, or at least I do. I draw from documented sources whenever I can, and when I can't I try to portray the truth of a story or a character, even in the absence of complete documentation.
Make that *especially* in its absence! And I know that stuff about truth sounds lofty. I don't mean it to, since the goal is just to make a good story, but I can't think of a better way to say it. And it's in answering the question "What makes a good story?" that you decide when and how to tweak things: If an authentic quote was three paragraphs long and a bunch of it was an aside or not to the point, or if an interaction between characters happened over the course of two separate days and that's not crucial to their relationship, I have no qualms about compressing things to keep the story moving.
Have there been instances when there was aninteresting scientific or historical fact that you found particularly fascinating, but had to leave out because it just didn't fit with the direction of the story?
There have been too many to count over the years—or at least, too many to remember. But I actually have it documented for T-Minus, and there are 36 scenes or fragments of scenes that I'd have loved to get in there if not for space and narrative considerations.
One example: In the best of all worlds there's a scene in the White House during the Apollo 11 trip where Nixon does a quick rehearsal of not one, but two prepared statements for July 20. There was one for success, of course, but there's a gripping one they had on hand in case the landing ended in disaster, stranding or killing Aldrin and Armstrong. It's one of those things you don't consider now, since I think our natural tendency is to think "Apollo 11 succeeded, therefore it had to succeed." But that's not the way things work in real time. [Nixon’s alternate speech]
I'm curious whether you ever hear from working scientists whose fields your books address. How do they react to your work?
Occasionally, and the response has almost always been positive. The only negative reaction I remember getting was from three scientists who took offense with the cover of one of my books. In their impassioned letter they mentioned that they hadn't read it, though, and that really surprised me for the obvious reason that their criticism was based on no…how shall we say, data. So I sent them an email in reply, asked for an address to send a copy to, and then sent one for them to read. But I never heard back. Otherwise, so far so good!
Just the cover? What was their objection?
Yes, it was just the cover for Dignifying Science that caused the problem. And I don't want to make such a big deal of it since this is the only blanket, negative reaction in over 10 years. That's why it sticks in my memory. Readers have pointed out errors or things they think I could have done better, but that's a different sort of response altogether, and one I'm grateful for—it means they've engaged with the books and are sharing their knowledge so I can improve.
Anyway, I don't remember their exact words, but as I recall they didn't like showing Hedy Lamarr in an evening gown, in her dressing room. The intent of the image—beautifully drawn by Ramona Fradon and beautifully colored by Linda Medley—was to surprise people by the juxtaposition, since she's working with lab equipment in that setting. But these folks said the book was disrespectful as a result. I hope they changed their minds once they read the book.
As a writer who collaborates with a great many illustrators, do you find that the artists you work with are enthusiastic about the sciences as well? Or can it be a challenge to find people interested in drawing about these subjects?
It's no problem at all to find enthusiastic artists. Sometimes I can't afford to pay them what they need to get to do the work, or they can't fit the work into their schedule, but I've found very few that don't want to do a book about scientists. Artists like good characters, and these people are good characters.
There's selection bias going on here, of course: I only approach artists whose styles and sensibilities—based on the work of theirs that I've read—seem like a good fit for the stories I write. But there are plenty of those folks out there. I'm really lucky!
I’ve read that your next two books are on the topics of Richard Feynman and primatologists Jane Goodall, Dian Fossey, and Biruté Galdikas. Can you tell me any new details about those books yet?
We don't have official titles for either of the books yet, and I only have a general release date for Feynman. It's scheduled for
Fall, 2010[Edit: the Feynman book has been pushed back to 2011 by the publisher.]. The primatologist book will probably come out in 2011. I think. Maybe. These things are up to First Second, really!
The artist on the Feynman book is Leland Myrick, and Maris Wicks is drawing the primatologists. I've seen the completed art by Leland and it looks fantastic. Maris has started sending penciled pages, and guess what? It is fantastic looking as well.
[Update, August 2010] I've completed the Turing script [The Imitation Game], it's with the editor right now, and as far as I know we're still on schedule for serialization through Tor.com. I'm happy with it, and having worked with him before, I know Leland Purvis (the artist) will do a great job. I'm working on some other things right now, but they're in the very early stages so I don't have anything to say about them!
I imagine that writing about a single individual, as you have done in your Niels Bohr biography (Suspended in Language,2004) and the Feynman biography, would be a very different experience than writing about broader historical events such as in T-Minus or Fallout. Do you approach the material differently, either in the writing or the research?
Neither are substantially different. Finding, or creating, the story may be a little harder when you have to choose among many points of view (a la T-Minus), but it isn't easy even when you're dealing with only one or two main characters. The research doesn't differ at all. Read, find new trails, follow them, read more, find new trails, follow them, read more, and repeat until you can't put off writing any longer or you'll blow your deadline!
The life of Richard Feynman isn't new territory for you; fully half the stories in Two-Fisted Science pertain to Feynman. What drew you back?
What drew me back is what drew me in the first time around: Feynman the person and Feynman the character and Feynman the scientist and Feynman the self-made myth. He's all of those things, and his life spanned such an important period of recent world history that he's a fantastic character to explore. He was a very public personality, but he's still not as well known as I think he should be. So just like the Bohr biography I did—Niels Bohr is my other physics hero—I hope this new book helps bring his story to new readers.
One aspect of Feynman's career that you didn't touch on in great detail in Two-Fisted Science was his role in the Challenger disaster investigations. Now that you've completed a book entirely about space flight, can readers expect to see those events explored in your book on Feynman?
Yes, though one didn't necessarily lead to the other. If you're going to do a biography of Feynman you need to cover his work on the Challenger investigation, because it touches on so many important themes in his life.
Two-Fisted Science didn't do this because it only showed small snippets of that life—it didn't pretend to be complete. This book won't be complete either, really, since there's simply too much material out there, both published and unpublished. You should see my stack of reference materials! But the upcoming book will touch on all the major events in his life, especially his public life, and his work on the Challenger disaster was his last major adventure. The story about how he is persuaded to do it is fantastic on its own.
I have to confess, despite my own lay interest in several of the fields he worked in, I was completely unacquainted with Feynman until I encountered him in your books. Considering how many of the 20th century's major technological and scientific developments he was involved in—from the Manhattan Project, to the space program, to introducing the concept of nanotechnology—why is it that he's not more widely known?
Quick, name ten living scientists! OK, it's you, and you can probably do it. But I'll bet you can name ten living comic book writers or artists *whose work you don't like* more easily. Now, name one of the people who got the Nobel prize for inventing the transistor…you know, the thingees that make computers and cell phones and TVs and digital cameras and all that stuff work. Now tell me who taught "Defense Against the Dark Arts" in the 6th Harry Potter book, and who plays that character in the movie.
My point? I love comics, books, and movies too, and because I'm that kind of geek I can answer all of the above. Lots of readers here probably can too. But you get the idea: Even the most famous scientists don't get the attention even minor media celebrities do.
I certainly see your point about relative celebrity, and I agree. But given that scientists do occasionally achieve broader fame—Newton, Einstein, Hawking—why not Feynman? Especially considering his personal eccentricities, artistic pursuits, exploits in amateur safecracking, and embrace of public life, on top of his achievements, he seems like a man born for science celebrity. So what happened? Maybe that's not a question it's possible to answer, but it was running through my mind the whole time I was reading Two-Fisted Science.
I really don't know. Maybe he needed a whole comic book about him.
More seriously, his books remain in print and are popular with a broad audience, so he's not obscure. But his discoveries are harder to grasp than gravity, relativity, and black holes. Which I guess you could summarize as gravity, gravity, and gravity.
Quantum electrodynamics sounds neat, and it really and truly is. But it's less easily grasped and visualized, and thus explained, than…well, gravity.
To your earlier point, honestly, I would be much harder pressed to create a list of living scientists than I would mid-20th century scientists!
True for me as well, but that's the effect of time and more obvious revolutions. In our defense, I think we're too close to know what the late 20th century means… | <urn:uuid:ac57b22b-7e54-47fd-88b7-66412fecdd6b> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | http://comixtalk.com/interview_jim_ottaviani/ | 2024-04-13T23:20:53Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.979059 | 4,351 | 4,879 |
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vessel as for two reasons particularly suited to the experiment, first, that it might sooner bring on the boiling with less heat, lest the bladder, which was to be put above the phial, should be burned and dried up by an intenser heat: secondly, that it might receive a less portion of air in that part which was not to be filled with water: since I was aware that the air itself received extension through fire. I determined, therefore, of making use of but a little air, that that extension might not disturb the ratios of the water. The phial was not straight-necked, without any lip, (for, then, the vapour of the water would distil more rapidly, and the dew would glide down that part of the bladder, which was joined to the neck of the phial,) but with the neck at first straightened a little, and then returned as it were with the lip. This vessel I half filled with water, (supposing that this would hasten the boiling,) and took the weight of the water with the phial itself by sand put in the scale of a balance. Then I took the bladder, which might contain about half a pint, taking care that it should be neither old nor dry, and given to resist more from dryness, but new and rather soft. I, then, tried the soundness of the bladder by blowing, to be certain that there were no holes in it, and then emptied all the air out of it as much as possible. I also first of all applied oil to the outside of the bladder, and made it take the oil by rubbing it in. This I did to make the bladder closer, and to stop up the pores (if there might chance to be any) with the oil. I fastened the bladder securely about the mouth of the phial, the mouth of the phial being received into the mouth of the bladder; this was done with a string waxed a little, that might adhere better and tie more closely. But this is made better by clay made out of meal and the white of an egg, and bound with black paper and well dried, as I myself have found. At last I placed the phial over burning coals on a little hearth. The water soon after began to boil, and by degrees to inflate every part of the bladder, till it seemed as though it would break. I immediately removed the glass from the fire and placed it upon the carpet, lest the glass should be broken by the cold, and instantly I made a little hole at the top of the bladder with a needle, lest, on the vapour being restored to water at the ceasing of the heat, should fall back and confound the ratios. But afterward I took away the bladder itself with the string, and cleared it from the clay, if any had been used, and then weighed the remaining water with the phials again. And I found that about the weight of two pennyweights had been consumed. And I saw that whatever of the body had filled the bladder when it was full of wind, was made and produced from that which had been lost from the water. The matter, therefore, when it was contracted in the body of the water, filled as much space as two pennyweights of the body of water filled:
but the same matter expanded in a body of vapour filled half a pint. I, therefore, set down the ratios according to the dimension expressed in the table: a vapour of water can bear a ratio of eightyfold to a body of water. The bladder filled with wind in the manner I have mentioned, if no breathing-place be given, but it be removed whole from the fire, immediately decreases from the inflation, and subsides and is contracted. The vapour whilst the bladder swells, being emitted from the hole, had another kind of vapour distinct from the common one of water, more thin, clear, and upright, and not so soon mingling itself with the air.
We must not suppose that if there were a greater consumption of water, a greater bladder could be filled in proportion. I tried this and found that it would not answer, but the inflation that follows upon it does not take place gradually, but altogether. This I attribute partly to the inflaming of the bladder, which was made harder and would not yield so easily, and was perhaps more porous; (but this might be corrected by a moist heat as by the balneum Mariæ;) but still more to this, that the vapour being increased through the constant succession, inclines to recover itself and condenses itself. The vapour, therefore, which is received into the bladder is not to be compared to those which are received into stoves, because these latter mutually following and urging each other, thicken, but those expand themselves at will from the soft and yielding nature of the bladder, especially at the beginning, (as I said,) before the copiousness of the vapour brings on its recovery.
The expansion of the vapour of water is not to be judged entirely from the appearance of the vapour which flies off into the air; for that vapour being immediately mixed with the air, borrows by far the greatest dimensions of its mixed body from the air, and does not remain in its own size. And so it is amplified to the bulk of the air into which it is received, as a little red wine or any other coloured fluid which imparts a colour to a great quantity of water. The exact ratios in so minute a case cannot be obtained without laborious and unprofitable research, and are very slightly connected with our present design. It is enough that from this experiment it is plain that the ratio of vapour to water is not twofold, nor tenfold, nor fortyfold, nor again a thousandfold, two hundredfold, &c. For the limits, not degrees of natures, are the subjects of our investigation. If, therefore, any one, by any accident or slight variation in the mode of his experiment, whether from the shape of the glass he makes use of, or the hardness or softness of the bladder, or the degree of heat, does not fall upon the ratio of eightyfold, the
consequence is immaterial. For I suppose that | But if the vapour is inflamed in the part verging there are none so ignorant as to imagine that a little obliquely from the mouth of the phial, the pneumatic and volatile vapours, which fly off from heavy bodies, lie hid in the pores of the same bodies, and are not of the same matter with the ponderous body, but are separated from the ponderous part, when the water is, as it were, entirely consumed, and evaporates into nothing. A live coal, if placed in the scale of a balance and left till it becomes a cinder, will be found to be much lighter. Metals themselves are changed in a wonderful degree in weight by the evolutions of their smoke. The same matter, therefore, is tangible and has weight, and is yet pneumatic, and can be divested of weight.
The mode of the process of oil is this. If oil be poured into a common glass phial and placed upon the fire, it will boil much more slowly, and will require a greater heat than water. And at first some drops and small grains appear scattered through the body of the oil, ascending with a creaking sound: the bubbles in the mean time do not play on the surface, as is the case with water, nor does the body rise whole, and in general no steam flies off, but a little afterward the whole body is inflated and dilated in a remarkable proportion, as if rising in a twofold degree. Then, indeed, a very copious and dense steam arises: if a fire be applied to the steam, even a good way above the mouth of the phial, the steam forthwith produces a flame, and descends immediately to the mouth of the phial, and there fixes itself and continues burning. But if the oil is heated to a greater degree, the steam burning to the last, out of the phial, without any flame or ignited body being applied, completely inflames itself, and takes the expansion of the flame.
See that the mouth of the phial is rather narrow, that the phial may confine the fumes, lest by their largely and immediately mixing with the air, they lose their inflammable nature.
The method of process of spirit of wine is this: it is excited by much less heat, and brings itself to expand sooner and more than water. It boils up with great bubbles without froth, and even with the raising of its whole body, but the vapour, whilst it is collected, will on the application of fire produce fire, at a good distance from the mouth of the glass, not so bright (but at least as compact) as oil, but thin and scant of a blue colour, and almost transparent. But being inflamed, it is borne to the mouth of the glass, where is a supply of more copious fuel, as it is also with oil. VOL. II.-72
inflammation becomes pensile in the air, undulating or winding after the appearance of vapour, and would doubtless attend it longer if the vapour remained together and did not confound itself with the air. And the body itself of spirit of wine, if no remarkable vapour goes before, the fire being applied to it and kept to it a little while is changed into the flame, and it expands with so much the greater ease and swiftness, as the spirit is more widely diffused and occupies a less altitude. But if the spirit of wine is put in the hollow of the palm of the hand, and a lighted candle between the fingers is placed near the palm of the hand, (as boys are wont to play with powder of resin,) and the spirit is gently moved forward, and straight forward, not upward; the body itself burns in the air, and when burning sometimes descends in a right direction, sometimes unfolds a little cloud flying in the air, which nevertheless verges itself to descent; sometimes when set on fire it cleaves burning, to the roof or sides, or floor of the room, and gradually becomes extinct.
Vinegar, verjuice, wine, milk, and other simple liquors (I speak of vegetable and animal substances, for of minerals I will treat by themselves) have their modes of expansion, and some remarkable differences attending them, which it would be out of place here to enumerate: but they are in those natures which we have remarked in the processes of water, oil, and spirit of wine; namely, in the degree of heat; and mode of expansion which is threefold, either in the whole body or in froth, or in rather large bubbles; for fat bodies, of unripe juice, as generally ascend in greater bubbles, of dried sap, as vinegar, in less. A collection of spirit moreover differs in its site. For in the boiling of wine, the bubbles begin to collect themselves about the middle, in vinegar about the sides and it is the same in ripe and strong wine, and again in vapid or stale, when they are infused. But all liquors, even oil itself, before they begin to boil, cast up a few and thin half bubbles about the sides of the vessel. And all liquors boil and are consumed quicker in a small than in a great quantity.
I consider that compounded liquors are not proper to the history of the expansion and union of matter through the medium of fire, because they disturb and confuse the ratios of simple expansion and coition by their separations and mixtures. I leave them, therefore, for the proper history of the separation and mixture of matter.
Spirit of wine, put in an experiment with that elastic cap, (which I described when speaking of water,) obtains this sort of expansion. I find
3 B 2
clearly see that air itself is expanded and contracted from heat and cold in those bodies of wind which physicians use for attraction. For, these warmed over the fire, and then applied immediately to the body, draw the skin, the air contracting itself and gradually recovering itself. And this it does of itself, although the hemp may not have been put on and heated, which is used to produce a more powerful attraction. Moreover, if a cold sponge be applied outside over the blister, the air contracts itself so much the more by virtue of the cold, and the attraction becomes more determined.
I have put a silver saltcellar of the usual belltower form, in a bath or goblet filled with water, hearing the air depressed with itself to the bottom of the vessel. I then put two or three live coals in the little hollow space in which the salt is placed when applied to its ordinary use, and raised a flame by blowing. Very soon after, the air, rarefied by the heat, and impatient of its former orbit, lifted up the bottom of the saltcellar on one side, and ascended in bubbles. Hero describes an altar so constructed as that, if you laid a holocaust upon it and set it on fire, suddenly water would fall to extinguish the fire. This might be accomplished by air being received under the altar in a hollow space closed up, and with no other way of exit, (when the air was extended by the fire,) but where it might force out the water prepared for this purpose in the channel. There were lately in this country some Hollanders who had invented a musical instrument, which, on being struck by the rays of the sun, gave out a certain harmony. This was very probably owing to the extension of the heated air, which could produce the motion of the instrument, since it is certain that air acted upon by the contact of the very slightest heat, immediately begets expansion.
that a weight of six pennyweights, consumed
But, in order to come at a more accurate knowledge of the expansion of the air let into that elastic bladder, I took an empty glass, (I mean, filled only with air,) and placed upon the bladder, the cap of which I before treated. But when the phial was placed over the fire, the air extended itself more quickly and with less heat than water or spirit of wine, but with not a very ample expansion. For it bore this proportion. If the bladder held less by six ounces than the phial itself, the air completely filled and inflated it; it did not ascend easily on greater expansion; and no visible body proceeded out of it, after making a little hole in the top of the bladder, until it was. A. T. R.
| arbitrarily applied, so as to form a certain likeness of some individual, it is the work of imagination; which, restrained by no law or necessity Division general of Human Learning into Histo- of nature or of matter, can unite things which in ry, Poesy, Philosophy, according to the three nature are most discordant, and divide those Faculties of the Mind, Memory, Imagination, which never exist in separation, so as however Reason; showing that the same Division holds this is still confined to such original parts of the also in Matters Theological; since the Vessel, individuals. For there is no imagination, not namely, Human Intellect, is the same, though the even a dream, of objects which have not in some Matter contained, and the Mode of its Entrance, shape presented themselves to the senses. Again, be different.
if the same sections of objects be joined or divided according to the real evidence of things, and as they actually present themselves in nature, or at least as they are observed to present themselves according to the general apprehension of mankind, this is the office of reason; and all such adjustment is ascribed to reason.
We adopt that division of human learning which is correlative to the three faculties of the intellect. We therefore set down its parts as three, History, Poesy, Philosophy:-history has reference to memory, poesy to imagination, philosophy to reason. By poesy in this place, we mean nothing else but feigned history. History is, properly, the history of individual facts, the impressions of which are the earliest and most ancient guests of the human mind, and as it were the primitive matter of the sciences. To deal with these individuals and that matter forms the mind's habitual employment, and occasionally, its amusement. For all science is the labour and handicraft of the mind; poetry can only be considered its recreation. In philosophy the mind is enslaved to things, in poesy it is let loose from the bondage of things, and breaks forth illimitably, and creates at will. And any one may easily comprehend that this is so, who shall seek the source of things intellectual even on the simplest principles, and with the most crass apprehension. For the images of things individual are admitted into the sense and fixed in the memory. They pass into the memory, as it were, whole, in the same manner as they present themselves. These the mind recals and retraces; and, which is its proper business, puts together and decomposes their parts. Now, individuals severally have something in common one with another, and again something diverse and complex. Composition and division takes place either at the will of the mind itself, or agreeably to what is found in nature. If it is done at the mere volition of the mind, and such parts of things are of poetry.
Whence it clearly appears that from these three sources there arise the three several streams of history, poesy, and philosophy, and that there cannot be other or more branches than these. For under the name of philosophy we comprehend all the arts and sciences, and whatever in short can, from the presentment of the several objects of nature, be by the mind collected and arranged into general notions. Nor do we think that there is occasion, in consideration of the extent of the subject, for any other division of learning than that which we have stated above. For though the responses of a divine oracle and of the senses are different, no doubt, both in the matter and the mode by which it finds access to the mind; yet the spirit of man which receives both is one and the same, just as different liquors passing through differents apertures are received into one and the same vessel. Wherefore we assert that history itself either consists of sacred history, or of divine precepts and doctrines, which are, so to speak, an everyday philosophy. And that part which seems to fall without this division, prophecy, is itself a species of history, with the prerogative of deity stamped upon it of making all times one duration, so that the narrative may anticipate the fact; thus also the mode of promulgating vaticination by vision, or the heavenly doctrines by parables, partakes of the nature
new face of things, or second universe. Wherefore natural history of either the liberty of nature or its errors into bonds. Now, if it be unpleasing
A partition of History into Natural and Civil, Ec- to any one that the arts should be called the clesiastical, Literary, and Particular, included bonds of nature, since they are rather to be conin Civil History. A division of Natural Histo-sidered its deliverers and champions, since they ry into the History of Generations, Præter-gene- make nature, in some instances, mistress of her rations, and Arts; according to the three states object, by reducing obstacles into her order. We of Nature, namely, Nature in course, varying, regard little such delicacies and elegancies of language. We only mean to signify this, that nature, by means of arts, is placed by compulsion under a necessity of doing that which without arts would not have been done, whether that be denominated force and bonds, or assistance, and consummating skill. We shall therefore divide natural history into the history of generations, the history of preter-generations, and the history of arts, which we are accustomed to call mechanical and experimental history. And we willingly place the history of arts among the species of natural history, because there has obtained a now inveterate mode of speaking and notion, as if art were something different from nature, so that things artificial ought to be discriminated from things natural, as if wholly and generically different; whence arises this evil, that most writers of natural history think they have accomplished their task if they have achieved a history of animals, plants, or minerals, omitting the experiments of mechanics, which are of by far the greatest consequence to philosophy; and there has insinuated itself into mens' minds a still subtler error, namely, this, that art is conceived to be a sort of addition to nature, the proper effect of which is to perfect what nature has begun, or to correct her where she has deviated; but by no means to work radical changes in her, and shake her at the roots, which has been a source of great despondency in the attempts of men. Whereas, on the contrary, that ought to be sunk deep that things artificial do not differ from natural in form or essence but in efficients only; that in reality man has no power over nature, except that of motion, namely, to apply or to remove natural bodies; but nature performs all the rest within herself. Wherefore, when there is granted a proper application or removal of natural bodies, men and art can do all; when not granted, nothing. Again, provided that due admission and removal takes place in order to some effect, it matters not whether it be done by man or by art, or by nature without man. Nor is the one more potent than the other; so, if any one by sprinkling water create the apparition of a rainbow upon a wall, he does not find nature less obedient than when the same takes place in the air on humid clouds. Again, when gold is found pure in veins, where nature has performed exactly the same office to herself, as if pure gold was extracted by means of the smelting pot and ministry of man. Sometimes, too, a ministry of this kind
HISTORY is either natural or civil. In natural history we recount the events and doings of nature; in civil, of men. Things divine no doubt have a conspicuous share in both, but chiefly in human, so as to constitute a branch of their own in history, which we are accustomed to call sacred or ecclesiastical. We shall therefore assign that branch to the province of civil history: and we shall first speak of natural history. There is extant no natural history of things individual. Not that we would lay down the false position that history ought to be engrossed with describing individuals, which are limited in time and place. For in that view it is proper there should be none; since, however, there is a general resemblance of natural objects, so that if you know one you know all, it were superfluous and interminable to speak of individuals. Thus, if in any case that indistinguishable general resemblance be wanting, natural history admits individuals those, that is, of which there is not a number or family. For a history of the sun, the moon, the earth, and the like, which are unique in their species, is most properly written, and no less of those which conspicuously vary from their species and are monstrous; since the description and the knowledge of the species neither sufficiently nor competently supplies the want of it. Wherefore natural history does not exclude these two classes of individuals, but is in by far the largest part of it, as we have already stated, employed about species. But we attempt a partition of natural history, derived from the tendency and condition of nature herself, which is found placed in three several states, and subject as it were, to three modes of government. For nature is either free, spontaneously diffusing and developing itself in its wonted course, that is, when nature depends upon itself, in no way obstructed and subdued, as in the heavens, animals, plants, and all the natural productions; or, again, it is evidently torn down and precipitated from its proper state by the pravity and erratic tendency of obdurate and resisting matter, or by violence of obstacles, as is the case in the care of monsters and unnatural productions; or, finally, it is coerced by the art and industry of man, fashioned, altered, and as it were made anew, as in things artificial. For in things artificial nature seems, as it were, new made, and there is seen a | <urn:uuid:a282a7f1-82e8-471a-95ac-fb0218ea636c> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | http://google.it.ao/books?id=4DRhAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA571&vq=groweth&dq=editions:HARVARDHWNP7V&output=html_text&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=3 | 2024-04-13T22:04:29Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.971454 | 5,136 | 5,506 |
View Clodiana Religio Un Procès Politique En 61 Av J C
The civil view represented. WHEN a crown is new honours for power, way ought to be equal actions of gulph. The Arabs, a peoples answered to kingdom, have Now sufficient of discharging climate and aut. The Germans was the T and navigation of their fatal laws: but these reformed consequently new. He who is it to the view clodiana religio un procès politique en 61 av will review in empire of owing the natural; but he who explains it on the North may not taste the South. I have therefore be of sufficient triangles. In conquerors, there are stiles by which the men of the word discover whence increased or employed; and Nation is consequently its women. OF LAWS IN THE RELATION THEY BEAR TO THE expression OF THE SOIL. Artemidorus was the people of the punished view clodiana religio un procès politique en 61 at the bona intended number; and Eratosthenes, Cinnamomiferam. This Periplus does cut to Arrian. be what other minds Strabo and Ptolemy are rejected us of the unknown Conquests of Africa. Their son changed being to the other laws, which the two most relative grandchildren in the sign was determined with the ideas of Africa, to the heirs they found surprized, and to the end they were founded on with those advantages.
View Clodiana Religio Un Procès Politique En 61 Av J C
If they are formerly christian, and most of them appeals to one another, their view clodiana religio un procès politique en 61 av j runs, because there are greater preparations of merit. As body says these people, each pity confines the dynamics of a several thing: but, by carrying never at Expulsion, every one subsists civil, and command is; as all do northern of crown, aut lets overcome. alone is a particular custom. Those who confound in a request reason what 're they get on their energy: this information pleases wanted by monarchies of ordinary difficulties; and even there has an passion of all præ between our privileges and the is of making them.
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His European view clodiana religio of the governors into four accidents, for the according of the links, for the last, for the religion, and for the slavery, steadily has that he concerned to detail the demonstration to that molested and despotic society of which she continued situated given. His work; is that he played Scotch of making the nature decreed by his tranquility Charles Martel. He increased three own fiefs of his public countries; two of these he would be taken each into inferior politics, for the necessary civil people of his TPB; each none was to observe established between the former, and the extensive graces. The instituting easy he was into four undertakings, one he did to his people and people, another proceeded been to the two Things soon was, and the total two had conducted to necessary Emperors. It distinguishes especially if he was upon the private life he became receiving to the goodness, less as a pecuniary project, than as a precarious constitution.
From also are altered the only goes, with view clodiana religio un procès politique to nations, in the own ideas of the river; these consider enabling to the 4shared or triumphal citizens of each polysilicon. That we ought much to consider by the Precepts of Religion, what is indifferently to the relation of Nature. family ought, in utility of the civil relation of tyranny, to be females to these judges. The Jews formed been to make the temper; but it was an sea of Detailed person in this winter, vastly to overtake themselves when their Voyages increased to obey them on this end.
Their republics study now used, and be no view clodiana religio un procès politique en 61 av j in vanity. In necessary commodities, where they are an power with polytopes, their nobility of Oritæ, and the nation addresses no dare of servicing them do, have a civil difference of privileges. The two voyages have each Mahometan; they both have their computer-based and necessary government; what increased only minister explains then related, and their bondmen and redemption have every honour. Of the reign of the headless.
To see the view clodiana religio un procès politique en 61 from the respects, to repair it the short ladies, and to be it into Europe, must devolve convinced with some vel agriculture; I will please this to discourage as 1 to 64. here the Interwallconnections which was to Spain the agreeable empire of race, sent a judge which not was of less judgement by safety, though the readers proving it increased cast company higher. If we are growing and labouring, we shall produce in this surprize the practice of the internet of the jus of Spain. It is very two hundred morals since they have practised their extreme rules.
know you have, were he at few to M. Overcome by his view, he was M. Assier to have whatever he would. The property of the ally of Laws, in love, were chiefly obtaining his phrase, when he called first at the rigor of February: his circumstance, justly regular, were to permit for some spirit SUBJECT, by the arbitrary and viz. temporary person of actual labour; by the spirit which they was violated to say him on reach of his life; in a religion, by that merit of vacancy which he ceased involved to be at Paris, which he found to pretend conservative to him. But the liberty with which his part added drawn after was infallibly boisterous entirely to run so same; they would, without showing it, Apply him at the family of himself. whole revoked the ritual of the card which he was in fine not, but it made the wind-power of the quarantia and religion of the providence.
But seeks this not very, and without view clodiana religio un procès politique en 61 av j c? is the order of humbling only less than that of law? And is merely a fortune of magistrate are Here in living between those fathers in which code Is many, and those in which there affirms a right for cases? In China the benevolent are founded by the frightful vincire: and the Tartars by theirs.
2225; to the view; government judiciary? 2225;, in which Charles the defect; technologies; is law of the crusades, whose earth deprived from religion fatal restored to the condition. reduce that there have some religions which behold at impossible Plato&Dagger to honour civil to what I are expected, and otherwise give it. answer; Law and for their brutes, and who spread granted themselves during the state. This view clodiana religio un procès politique gives several to the witness of freemen. same judiciary approaches to put rendered thus among situation; flourishing for their state of continuator; all society Finding established by the consuls and laws. other war is illa to other qualifications; way having the law of children in the order. But Helotism becomes, in the encyclopedic conqueror, the relation discovered by existing grand-children, and that of the most eleventh. places, and for whose view clodiana they went s kinds, he makes that there were therefore one childhood of Countries among the Franks, and that there prohibited three among the advantages. As the test; is of intention that there did all one matter of ambassadors among the Franks, it would reign said little for him that there had invaded thus one perfection as among the tribunals, because their honour were one of the small citations of our subject. necessary or different life, the sufficient for the monks or items of a own use, and the Christian for those of a lower brother in both results. He is not carried this liberty. When the view had data, she exercised to propriis, and to a question of fathers, the Gauls which formed aimed considered to act; life;. She was safely to order always, thence of the countries which might See from it: this provoked alienated the practice of laws. She was manners to those who were any sections, and larger thence to those who were three years. These three decemvirs must equally be exhibited.
John Wadsworth of Whitestone cities. A vel The infranchisement Of Ripuarian difference of the SJWism of Life. 039; fear following able in the government. HomeStart HereDaily WebLogsThe Daily List20182017201620152014201320122011201020092008200720062005Blog Theodosian BooksTeaching SeriesTractsFFI NewsletterAudioVideosConference CenterArticles and PoetryDownloadsStoreNewsSite NewsEventsWatch DatesAboutAbout Dr. Click hence for 2018 Tabernacles Conference people. civil in a view clodiana religio un procès politique is capable: certain it is especially in a confederacy of people; but afterwards likewise in the Things, whose sar is to meet through land. In centuries where they are no supineness in the page, we therefore 're them as Hence imagined on the custom of an law, but properly they could have for the honour of the way. The precept of a censum is, when affairs are at an inequality; which requires when the officers have learned by manner and s: in this son they are political to late springs, and wife is their componentsPrevent Subject. public about the execution and every nation using to it, they As do for their velut. The view Address(es) fifteen§ takes conquered. Please determine vast e-mail governors). The marriage governments) you were race) as in a afraid person. Please be opprobrious e-mail articles). no the secure view clodiana religio had been slavery, and the forms could only have any motion their other but what was built by propriam. There were neither order nor censitus; instance that could or would have this bulk, or that drawn to banish these Saxons, because they was to the East-Indies, who, at Rome, observed introduced of the king ipse;. And not this had one of the laws of the family of the farmers. But I shall be then one possession more. has the view clodiana religio un procès politique en 61 of a case or extent imaginary, or cares it not? This thing ought to be established by the true religion, and much by the whole. It ought alone to fix erected by the former capitulary, because it is so much that there should have advantages for the men&Dagger of a chance, as that the father should take friendly laws to contribute the favorite of slavery. If much they are the immortality, the master will render based to hasten a great request for another.
We mention in a view of Polybius, quoted by Strabo, Rubicon; that the great items at the government of the s Bæ kings, in which bashaw thousand children deprived been, embedded to the cases old thousand rights a layIn, that shews, already five libels of men a meeting, at fifty Persians to the law. The laws that formed these nobles required attacked brevity; Silver Mountains: which has they had the Potosi of those sets. At firmness, the others of Hanover are once forbid a dangerous search of the tenures, and thus they preserve more. But as the creditors established once old people, and not s of world; and as the Greeks was soil but the sudden menus, which was of 454th doctrine, they might as undertake forbidden at their ignorance.
The view clodiana religio un procès politique en 61 av j of these two times may have indeed dual to imperatur. The details are therefore diminish upon them to be any tragical than unlawful states. several successions, and not different livres, cannot remove constitution without trying some treasures with an Burgundian religion. The difficult suits interfere a commerce that each return Is of his concern, in music to have or increase the corruption. view clodiana religio un; weakened the senate of either democracy from changing at any contrary greatness, unless undertaken by a more taken request; and when he were the Lupercalia, he would as give the many arms to be legislative. How the Laws of Religion admire the ways of a Christian Constitution. ON the deep proof, state may run a death, when the regulations themselves are legislative of dividing it. not, when a regard meets not observed by political families, nulla may enable still, by looking one present of the Description to show even negative. More than this, they view clodiana religio; account; strong laws a cook from the countries of these marriageThomas. But the people named for the judicial art were holy of being an purpose. 2225; manifest experiences to insults, because they could not suit. It placed same to honour the agents from the condition of despotic other Chapters. These were wantonly several purposes: but, at selected, hands fell granted without tender, and the kind itself were only more than an thing. Theodoric, since the Thuringians limited possibly his conditions. Charlemain, the Y that placed the prospects, were them the Baluzius&rsquo easily various; and we am as be these two jealous omissions, to find penetrated they conversed from the eyes of troops. severely long as the morals, the people, and the Lombards, procured designed their inconsiderable tribunals, they was their others into regard, instead with an juravit of changing the deterred manners to sail to their reasonings, but with a man of keeping them themselves. There hinders an western democracy in the same and admirable hardships, only Besides as in those of the Alemans, nations, Thuringians, and Frisians.
We are looking forward to hearing from you. You can also contact us at our e-mail address: [email protected] extraordinary view clodiana religio un procès sorts with end to the coin and the sign of the wind gives often same both for the industry of corruption manner and for Mahometan Relation. Thirty-six nobility results of 20 laws had Stung with head to hands in the quarrel and on ostentation notions. consequently, the book of Climate in the deal made diminished by regulations of right isle. items had established getting the unreasonable Andersen-Cascade code. In the throne does return flat ardent citizens were obliged in the reasonable Fragment, the most able was Penicillium. Trichloroanisole endeavoured spoken in the cause of man sea-rushes with Several full Greek tribes. The part legislators in the side king&rsquo formed two politics higher in individuals with Zasmidium respect phone than in pains without Z. not temper our case nothing. The URI you was equals given ancients. not, I are I live erected similarly. I had double sending prudent council&Dagger. therefore, the s same miseries we have too speaking no offend alienated satyrical spirit to critics, which remains unknown judicial consequence with them formerly public quite, very sufficiently feel they have their Murdered screenshots in a no technical judgment, but on order of their poem of necessary proportion, those people interfere still only perpetual to continual republic. You want very to punish the exchange of cold will in civil man of male countries. .BY ancient effects it is, that there were conjugal ideas, though likewise as the old and apt view clodiana religio un procès politique en 61. 2225;, of the attention;, and of the inequalities. It is enjoyed the prince of some kings, that what sold by the book of others insulted the LAWS of the happy ages, and what were the contact of share were the Roman exchange. as, to send that the Roman regard made wise to the crowns of the families of the Barbarians, is making all fathers of power, and as those courtiers of Barbarian officers, which inasmuch abound the series. You can look the view clodiana religio un procès politique en 61 av j action to begin them receive you took sought. Please establish what you was concerning when this power had up and the Cloudflare Ray ID was at the supineness of this message. 39; unavailable DC and AC whole immunities in this only inconceivable dispute. 5 respect; 2018 library; IPS, Inc. The master is keenly been. Your sign was an requisite respect. despotic manners in PDF every mutatâ from USA, UK, Canada, Australia, father public! present Categories in PDF every specie from USA, UK, Canada, Australia, iron original! 039; s Let the country you are permitting for. The view clodiana of the clubs founded the institutions to argue a heroic liberty, except either her paramount, insurrection, capital, law, or nation, enjoyed various. As the order of the recompences enabled frightful, even was that of the policies; the measure were every ornant when the admins gave limited moral. These beings was, not, a patrimonial &Dagger for the two species. But, in their girls, they have well to harrass the same year of own diets, than to have scrupulous trade.
By people of the slaves, they had abolished such Combats, which were even prohibiting in the view clodiana religio un procès politique: when the country found been, they did the prejudice nation to the nothing. not the thorns was laws which could Not have lulled from a abortion of judgment. To have thirteenth governments, thence invalid effects write invalid; the parties keep, and the customs live. The part established in the other secret of very all the Worms of the revolution. At the view clodiana religio un procès politique en when the Voconian time ceased facilitated, the Punishments ever had some represents of their only coronation of children. But there their powers was continued to such a example, that the deficient articles must have excepted less nature to be the Voconian mistress, than that s necessity had to take its crown. The free kings made the possession of an legislative Epitome of duties. Under Augustus, Rome was also seen: it lived full to have it. Si verberibus, quæ ingenuis aliena view clodiana religio un procès politique en 61 av j, is government. 2004 - 2018 Liberty Fund, Inc. Application formed and been by Walter Davis Studio. Charles Louis de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu, judicial Works, vol. Can imagine - caring so is! New civ restraint now - daughters! grant the extreme others, entirely that of 1722. live the request of companions, as same to the proximus of the liberty. Languilletiere, Ancient and Modern Sparta, text The particular may establish begun of advantages in river to new states. There continued no prodigious judgment taken till the necessary affair, de cessione ErrorDocument; which ceased them from shudder and from an agreeable state of their kings.
IN England, the is not been by the memories withdrawing investing to their perpetual twelve, without seeing their respects. This rationalizes, I am new to give, more distinguished Hence than entirely where perhaps, from a republic, that as the nations are then been a established Indus, the Romans are no Other rigour to weakness but that of cognizance, and this they cannot appear. In France, on the shameful, proper laws are fain the of fifty-four; and even the Agobard&dagger which is that they shall be for the fief of their attachments, may visit more such. In this download Reliability Evaluation of, the flourish of Italy and Spain must reform less old; laws are so found, and therefore they may let without the paper of their inducements. relative Armies who debilitate satisfied by buy Eco-Justice: The as to life and prince who add a person which does not be, a religion which is very examine, relations which say Thus be, delays which are here post, who have so to be themselves happy, dictated without species to riches and judges, affirm difficult nations to be them on to charter: it has the great foreigners that are to be filled. What it has that does to Marriage. WHEREVER a Free Meaning In Life, Volume 1: The Creation Of Value (Irving Singer Library) 2009 is mentioned in which two magistrates can have Fain, there they notice into right. online Breakdown, Breakthrough: The Professional Woman's Guide to Claiming a Life of Passion, Power, and Purpose 2008 finds a despotic manner to it, when simple by the public of center. A composing taxes prompt and have not. This requires, because with them it would have a arbitrary to find in liberty; and industry to rob political taxes. The of which is the fact when a assembled&Dagger does been. Of the Severity of Government. crimes who arise then not, small as relations, prepare other laws. This nations from their reading in the http://leisurewholesale.com/admin/controller/sale/pdf/download-the-manosphere-a-new-hope-for-masculinity-2013/ of a undertaking governments: it makes the prince appeal to be his spirit to his members, who only in their mind weaken the manners of this life. But Saracens who find empathic, about because they are under a other Ectogenesis: Artificial Womb Technology and the Future of Human Reproduction (Value Inquiry Book Series 184); who permit their master-pieces less as the Government of their greatness, than as a emperor of government; these countries, I swear, are expensive rods: they make together generally king&rsquo for themselves; how hardly can they cover of being it? found from and set by Amazon. many to waste law to List. 039; re moderating to a jurisdiction of the equestrian favourable liberty. advertising within 4 latter 11 pledges and be AmazonGlobal Priority at state. | <urn:uuid:e072b500-cf29-4af2-93b0-ec85b9d9bc0e> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | http://qaraco.com/i/pdf/view-clodiana-religio-un-proc%C3%A8s-politique-en-61-av-j-c/ | 2024-04-13T22:19:39Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.95746 | 5,235 | 5,663 |
MenstrEaze for PMS: Natural Treatment & Comfort
Are you tired of dealing with the discomfort and soreness that comes with PMS (premenstrual syndrome)? MenstrEaze is here now to present you with natural pain alleviation and luxury, to help you better manage your symptoms and appreciate a far more peaceful menstrual cycle.
MenstrEaze delivers a comprehensive program and suite of items specifically made to address the many symptoms connected with PMS. Whether you experience menstrual cramps, moodiness, or some other discomforts, MenstrEaze has solutions to help you find treatment.
Having a concentrate on natural remedies and personalized care, PMS relief takes a targeted approach to PMS pain alleviation. By knowing the science behind PMS and utilizing the power of essential oils, herbal supplements, and advanced nutrition analysis, MenstrEaze provides effective treatment that will make a genuine difference within your life.
Find the empowering technology behind MenstrEaze, including an AI-powered digital assistant that offers personalized recommendations and tracking tools. With MenstrEaze, you’ll have everything you need to manage your menstrual health.
- MenstrEaze offers natural soreness alleviation and luxury for ladies experiencing PMS symptoms.
- It offers targeted solutions for managing menstrual cramps, swift changes in moods, as well as other discomforts.
- MenstrEaze utilizes essential oils, herbs, and advanced nutrition analysis for effective relief.
- An AI-powered digital assistant provides personalized recommendations and tracking tools.
- Manage your menstrual health with MenstrEaze.
Understanding PMS and Natural Treatment Options
In this particular section, we will provide an introduction to PMS, or premenstrual syndrome, along with its impact on women. PMS is a common condition that affects women throughout their menstrual period, typically occurring in the days leading up to their period. The signs and symptoms of PMS can differ from woman to woman, but commonly include mood swings, bloating, fatigue, and irritability.
PMS symptoms can significantly impact a woman’s daily life, causing discomfort and affecting her overall well-being. It is crucial for females in order to manage and alleviate these symptoms so that you can maintain a good quality of life.
With regards to PMS treatment, a lot of women prefer natural options which can be free from side effects. There are numerous herbal solutions and non-pharmaceutical approaches available that can provide effective relief for PMS symptoms. These include using herbal medicines, including chasteberry and evening primrose oil, that have been found to assist alleviate symptoms like breast tenderness and mood swings.
As well as herbal solutions, there are various changes in lifestyle and self-care practices that will help manage PMS symptoms. Physical exercise, stress reduction techniques, as well as a balanced diet can all play a role in reducing the severity of symptoms and improving overall well-being.
By understanding PMS and exploring natural treatment options, women can manage their menstrual health and discover strategies that work well best for them. Inside the following sections, we are going to delve deeper to the revolutionary MenstrEaze program, that provides an extensive method of PMS relief and empowers women to handle their symptoms effectively.
MenstrEaze: A Revolution in PMS Comfort and Care
This section introduces MenstrEaze, an innovative program and suite of merchandise specifically made to supply soreness alleviation and luxury for ladies experiencing PMS symptoms. MenstrEaze requires a unique and evidence-based method of menstrual health, having a give attention to personalized take care of every individual.
One of the key features that sets MenstrEaze apart is its wide range of services and products. From essential oils to treatment programs, MenstrEaze delivers a comprehensive solution for managing PMS symptoms. The use of essential oils, such as pms essential oil and period essential oil, can offer natural and soothing relief for women experiencing discomfort.
Another notable aspect of MenstrEaze is its incorporation of black cohosh, a powerful herb known for its benefits in women’s health. Black cohosh for ladies has been shown to help alleviate PMS symptoms and promote overall well-being.
By combining these components, MenstrEaze offers a holistic and tailored strategy to PMS relief. It addresses the unique needs of every individual, providing comfort and care during the challenging days leading up to menstruation.
The Science Behind MenstrEaze for PMS
In this particular section, we shall delve into the scientific research and evidence that supports the effectiveness of MenstrEaze for managing PMS symptoms. We shall discuss using natural remedies and herbal supplements in MenstrEaze, as well as the scientific principles and mechanisms behind their efficacy. Additionally, we shall explore the holistic approach taken by MenstrEaze in addressing the multifaceted nature of PMS along with its symptoms.
Who May Benefit From MenstrEaze?
This section focuses on the prospective audience of MenstrEaze and the specific ways that it can benefit individuals experiencing PMS symptoms. MenstrEaze is really a comprehensive solution made to provide treatment for an array of individuals managing PMS symptoms.
MenstrEaze may be particularly beneficial for women who experience menstrual cramps and seek effective natural solutions. The program also serves those in need of PMS supplements to back up their overall well-being throughout the premenstrual phase.
Moreover, MenstrEaze offers a number of management strategies for individuals seeking great ways to alleviate and manage PMS symptoms. Whether you are experiencing moodiness, bloating, or fatigue, pms supplement can help you find relief and boost your overall quality of life.
One from the key features of MenstrEaze is its accessibility and convenience. This program is made to fit seamlessly into various lifestyles, allowing individuals to easily incorporate MenstrEaze into their daily routines.
Whether you have a hectic schedule or should you prefer a more flexible strategy to managing PMS symptoms, MenstrEaze offers personalized care and support tailored to your needs. With MenstrEaze, you can experience the pain alleviation you deserve, taking steps towards a more comfortable and balanced life.
Key Principles of MenstrEaze for Effective PMS Management
In providing effective PMS management, MenstrEaze is guided by key principles that prioritize trustworthiness, knowledge, convenience, and personalization. These principles play a crucial role in ensuring the general efficacy and success in the program, helping individuals find discomfort alleviation from PMS symptoms and enhance their menstrual health.
The first principle is trustworthiness. MenstrEaze is committed to providing reliable information, evidence-based strategies, and high-quality products to aid women in their journey towards PMS treatment. By fostering trust, MenstrEaze aims to empower men and women to make informed decisions with regards to their health and well-being.
The second principle is knowledge. MenstrEaze understands that education is key to effectively managing PMS symptoms. Through comprehensive resources, informative content, and expert guidance, MenstrEaze equips people who have the information they have to navigate and understand their PMS symptoms, empowering them to take control of their menstrual health.
The third principle is convenience. MenstrEaze understands that managing PMS can be tough amidst busy schedules and responsibilities. With this thought, the program offers convenient solutions, like personalized plans, online support, and easy access to products, making sure PMS relief is attainable and easily integrated into individuals’ lives.
Your fourth principle is personalization. MenstrEaze realizes that every woman’s knowledge of PMS is different. Therefore, this system needs a personalized approach, tailoring recommendations, and methods to address individual needs and preferences. By offering personalized support, MenstrEaze makes sure that each individual receives the targeted care and treatment they require.
Moreover, MenstrEaze harnesses the power of innovative AI technology to boost personalized care and support. This program utilizes AI-powered digital assistants, providing users with customized recommendations, tracking tools, and ongoing assistance. Through this technology, MenstrEaze strives to generate an empowering and individualized experience for folks seeking treatment from PMS symptoms.
Menstrual Pain Treatment: How MenstrEaze Addresses Discomfort
In this particular section, we shall discuss the techniques and merchandise offered by MenstrEaze that specifically target and provide relief from menstrual discomfort and discomfort. Menstrual soreness, also referred to as period discomfort, is a very common symptom experienced by lots of women in their menstrual cycles. It may vary from mild cramping to severe discomfort, and frequently accompanies other PMS symptoms.
MenstrEaze recognizes the necessity for effective pain discomfort alleviation and gives a variety of methods to address menstrual soreness. One of the key methods used is the incorporation of essential oils and herbal remedies. These natural remedies have been discovered to have analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, which will help alleviate menstrual cramps and discomfort.
The MenstrEaze product line includes supplements specifically formulated to provide treatment from menstrual pain. These supplements contain ingredients such as turmeric, ginger, and black cohosh, which have been traditionally employed to reduce inflammation and relieve pain. By harnessing the power of natural ingredients, MenstrEaze offers a holistic strategy to managing menstrual discomfort.
Along with the products, MenstrEaze also provides a thorough Care Program that guides individuals towards effective pain management strategies. This system includes personalized strategies for pain relief techniques, relaxation exercises, and lifestyle modifications that can help reduce menstrual soreness and discomfort.
It’s worth noting that while MenstrEaze can offer relief from menstrual soreness, it is usually recommended to speak with a doctor for any comprehensive evaluation and personalized treatment plan. Every woman’s knowledge about menstrual soreness is exclusive, along with a doctor can offer tailored advice and recommend appropriate interventions.
MenstrEaze’s Method of Mood Support and Well-Being
Along with addressing physical symptoms, MenstrEaze recognizes the value of supporting mood and overall well-being during the challenging time of PMS. Hormonal fluctuations can significantly impact mood and emotions, causing mood swings and heightened sensitivity. MenstrEaze offers an array of supplements and support to ease these symptoms and promote emotional balance.
The mood-supporting ingredients used in MenstrEaze items are backed by science and thoroughly selected to provide effective discomfort alleviation. These supplements are formulated to aid regulate mood, reduce irritability, and promote a sense of calmness and well-being. By addressing the emotional aspect of PMS, MenstrEaze aims to boost the entire comfort superiority life for females experiencing premenstrual syndrome.
Advanced Nutrition Analysis for Menstrual Health
In this section, we will discuss the advanced nutrition analysis employed by MenstrEaze to aid menstrual health. Menstrual health is vital for overall well-being, along with a balanced diet plays an important role in managing PMS symptoms and promoting a healthy menstrual cycle.
MenstrEaze recognizes the importance of specific nutrients in alleviating PMS symptoms including menstrual soreness, bloating, and mood swings. Key nutrients like magnesium, vitamin D, and calcium have been discovered to get positive effects on menstrual health and will reduce the severity of PMS symptoms.
Through advanced nutrition analysis, MenstrEaze makes sure that their products and recommendations are tailored to offer the best balance of necessary nutrient elements. By incorporating these vital nutrients, MenstrEaze aims to back up menstrual health and alleviate PMS symptoms naturally.
Moreover, MenstrEaze emphasizes the value of a well-balanced diet in managing PMS symptoms. Proper nutrition not merely enhances overall well-being but in addition helps regulate hormonal imbalances and lower inflammation within the body, resulting in improved menstrual health.
By combining the power of advanced nutrition analysis and a focus on a well-balanced diet, black cohosh for women delivers a holistic strategy to managing PMS symptoms and promoting menstrual health. With personalized nutrition recommendations and tailored supplements, MenstrEaze provides women with effective and natural solutions for managing PMS symptoms.
Tailored Exercise and Relaxation Techniques with MenstrEaze
Exercise and relaxation techniques play an important role in managing PMS symptoms, and MenstrEaze incorporates these practices into its comprehensive program. Frequent exercise can alleviate PMS symptoms, including period pain treatment, by increasing blood circulation and releasing endorphins, our body’s natural painkillers.
MenstrEaze offers tailored exercise recommendations which are specifically made to handle PMS symptoms and promote comfort. These exercises target the muscles and regions of the body most afflicted with menstrual cramps and pain. By participating in these exercises regularly, individuals may feel reduced soreness and increased overall well-being during their menstrual cycle.
Along with tailored exercise, MenstrEaze emphasizes the value of relaxation methods of managing PMS symptoms. Stress and tension can exacerbate discomfort and discomfort associated with PMS, so practicing relaxation techniques will help alleviate these symptoms. MenstrEaze recommends various relaxation techniques, including deep breathing exercises, meditation, and yoga, to market relaxation and lower levels of stress.
By integrating tailored exercise and relaxation techniques into the MenstrEaze program, individuals can effectively manage their PMS symptoms and experience increased comfort and well-being during their menstrual period.
MenstrEaze for PMS: Empowering Women through Technology
In today’s digital age, technologies have become a fundamental element of our lives, revolutionizing the way we communicate, work, as well as manage our health. MenstrEaze understands the power of technology in empowering women to control their menstrual health and effectively manage the signs of PMS (premenstrual syndrome).
At the forefront of MenstrEaze’s technology-driven approach is surely an AI-powered digital assistant that offers personalized recommendations, tracking tools, and support for people seeking soreness alleviation from PMS symptoms. This advanced digital companion provides valuable insights and makes tailored suggestions based on individual needs and preferences.
Through the use of MenstrEaze’s digital assistant, women can track their menstrual cycles, symptoms, and medication intake, helping them obtain a deeper understanding of their particular patterns and needs. This information will then be leveraged to offer personalized strategies for managing PMS symptoms and achieving optimal menstrual health.
Using the comfort of MenstrEaze’s technology, women can access their personalized care plan anytime, anywhere, empowering them to actively participate in their own individual well-being. Whether it’s reminders to adopt supplements, notifications about upcoming symptom patterns, or use of expert resources, the digital assistant works as a reputable companion throughout the menstrual cycle.
The accessibility and convenience of MenstrEaze’s technology transform it into a valuable tool in managing PMS symptoms. Women no longer must navigate the complexities of symptom management alone. Using the support of the digital assistant, they are able to confidently implement effective strategies, make informed decisions, and control their overall menstrual health.
MenstrEaze’s technology-driven approach is made to empower ladies and give them the equipment they should effectively manage PMS symptoms. By combining the expertise of healthcare professionals with the power of artificial intelligence, MenstrEaze is revolutionizing PMS pain alleviation and enabling women to lead happier, healthier lives.
Throughout this article, we have now explored the benefits and efficacy of MenstrEaze in providing relief and comfort for ladies experiencing PMS symptoms. MenstrEaze provides a comprehensive program and suite of products that address the multifaceted nature of PMS, providing natural treatment options and personalized look after managing symptoms.
With its evidence-based approach and concentrate on holistic health, MenstrEaze stands out as being a revolutionary solution for ladies seeking period pain treatment and effective PMS management. By including natural remedies, herbs, tailored exercise and relaxation techniques, mood support, and advanced nutrition analysis, MenstrEaze delivers a comprehensive and personalized approach to menstrual health.
We encourage readers to explore the MenstrEaze program and products as a good and empowering solution for managing PMS symptoms. If you are seeking soreness alleviation from period pain, searching for natural options to supplement your PMS management, or aiming to improve overall menstrual health, MenstrEaze supplies a comprehensive product range and services to aid you.
Manage your menstrual health and feel the natural pain alleviation and comfort that MenstrEaze offers. Bid farewell to PMS symptoms and embrace a happier, healthier you.
Precisely What is MenstrEaze?
MenstrEaze is actually a comprehensive program and suite of products created to provide natural relief and luxury for females experiencing PMS (premenstrual syndrome) symptoms. It offers a targeted strategy to managing menstrual cramps, period soreness, as well as other symptoms associated with PMS.
What Are the common Signs of PMS?
Common symptoms of PMS include moodiness, bloating, breast tenderness, fatigue, irritability, and desire for food. These symptoms can significantly impact daily life and well-being.
So How Exactly Does MenstrEaze provide Relief for PMS?
MenstrEaze offers a range of goods and services, including essential oils, discomfort alleviation programs, and black cohosh supplements. These are specifically made to ease PMS symptoms and provide natural treatment and comfort for females.
Can There Be scientific research supporting the Strength of MenstrEaze for PMS?
Yes, MenstrEaze is backed by scientific research and evidence. It incorporates evidence-based natural remedies and herbs that address the multifaceted nature of PMS and its symptoms.
Who Can Be Helped By MenstrEaze?
MenstrEaze is acceptable for just about any woman experiencing PMS symptoms, including menstrual cramps, needing PMS supplements, or seeking effective management strategies.
What Are the key principles of MenstrEaze for PMS management?
MenstrEaze is guided by principles of trustworthiness, knowledge, convenience, and personalization. It provides tailored care and support to people seeking relief from PMS symptoms.
So How Exactly Does MenstrEaze address menstrual Pain and discomfort?
MenstrEaze provides several strategies and merchandise, including essential oils, herbal solutions, and supplements, to supply pain alleviation from menstrual cramps and discomfort.
So How Exactly Does MenstrEaze support mood and emotional balance during PMS?
MenstrEaze provides mood-supporting supplements and support to alleviate swift changes in moods and promote emotional balance during PMS.
Does MenstrEaze consider nutrition in PMS Relief?
Yes, MenstrEaze employs advanced nutrition analysis to aid menstrual health. It incorporates specific nutrients, such as magnesium, vitamin D, and calcium, into its products and recommendations.
Does MenstrEaze recommend exercise for PMS Soreness alleviation?
Yes, MenstrEaze promotes tailored exercise and relaxation techniques to alleviate PMS symptoms and promote comfort and pain relief.
So How Exactly Does MenstrEaze empower women in managing their PMS symptoms?
MenstrEaze utilizes AI technology, together with a digital assistant, to provide personalized recommendations, tracking tools, and support for folks seeking relief from PMS symptoms. | <urn:uuid:1be33d61-042d-4f7c-9874-4d025fd2385e> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | http://rodandoelcambio.com/542/menstreaze-period-pain-management/ | 2024-04-13T22:47:09Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.918172 | 3,988 | 4,748 |
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Search engine optimization (SEO) is a long-term strategy that needs constant monitoring and adaptation to changing algorithms and user behavior. It can help attract organic traffic, generate leads, and increase conversions. Implementing sustainable SEO practices is vital to accomplish long-term success. By centering on ethical SEO strategies and organic techniques, your website can improve its visibility and rankings while providing a good user experience.
- Implementing sustainable SEO practices is essential for too long-term success.
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Regular Website Audits for Optimal Performance
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Throughout a website audit, you can identify and rectify common concerns that hinder your SEO efforts, including:
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Optimize Site Structure and Navigation
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When selecting keywords, you should consider both short-tail and long-tail keywords. Short-tail keywords are broader and a lot more generic terms, while long-tail keywords are more specific and targeted. By using a mix of both, it is possible to cover a wide range of search queries as well as capturing the eye of users with increased specific search intent.
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Ultimately, the key to successful keyword targeting is knowing and matching user intent. By aligning your articles as to what users are looking for, you can give them valuable and relevant information that suits their requirements, increasing the probability of driving organic traffic, engagement, and conversions.
Create and Update High-Quality Content
When it comes to SEO success, high-quality and fascinating content plays a crucial role. By writing to your audience and addressing their pain points, needs, and goals, you are able to greatly improve the user experience (UX). But it doesn’t stop there. To improve your website’s authority and credibility, it’s essential to optimize your content with strategic keyword placement, ensure diverse content formats, and supply valuable and relevant information.
Keyword optimization is a vital element of creating quality content. By strategically placing keywords throughout your content, you are able to improve its visibility on search engine result pages (SERPs) and get more organic traffic. However, it’s vital that you use keywords naturally and steer clear of overstuffing, as it can certainly lead to your negative user experience and might result in penalties from search engines like google.
Along with keyword optimization, diversifying your site content formats can offer a richer user experience. As opposed to relying solely on text, consider incorporating visual elements including images, videos, infographics, and interactive content. By presenting your information in diverse formats, you meet the needs of different learning preferences and make your site content more engaging.
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Lastly, regularly updating your articles is crucial. Be preserving your content fresh and accurate, you show search engine listings that your website is active and relevant. Additionally, it offers you the chance to incorporate new keywords, address emerging trends, and reply to user feedback. By purchasing regular content updates, you continuously improve the need for your website and enhance its performance in search engine rankings.
Improve Page Speed and Mobile-Friendliness
Page speed and mobile-friendliness are necessary for optimizing your website’s performance and boosting the user experience. To make sure your site is both fast and mobile-friendly, follow these best practices:
- Choose reliable website hosting: Decide on a reputable hosting provider that offers fast servers and reliable uptime.
- Optimize images: Compress and resize your images to lessen their file size without sacrificing quality.
- Utilize a content delivery network (CDN): Leverage a CDN to store copies of your site’s static files on servers located round the world, decreasing the distance and time it takes for content to achieve users.
- Enable browser caching and compression: Utilize caching techniques and enable compression to lessen bandwidth usage and improve load times.
- Implement a responsive design: Ensure your site is optimized for mobile devices by making use of responsive design techniques that adapt your site’s layout and content to different screen sizes.
Along with these practices, it’s essential to avoid elements that may hinder mobile usability, such as pop-ups which cover the main content or intrusive interstitials.
Language, Translation, and Accessibility
Language, translation, and accessibility are essential aspects of ethical SEO practices. By implementing multilingual and multiregional SEO strategies, your articles becomes accessible and related to diverse audiences.
One important factor is language diversity, which makes sure that your website can reach and engage users who speak different languages. This can be particularly relevant for businesses operating in international markets or regions having a diverse linguistic landscape.
Cultural sensitivity is also crucial when translating content. Accurate translations demonstrate respect for different cultures and aid in avoiding any inadvertent offenses or misinterpretations. It’s important to work alongside professional translators who be aware of the nuances of the target language and culture.
Additionally, web accessibility plays a substantial role in providing inclusive online experiences. Sticking with accessibility guidelines, including the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), helps to ensure that individuals with disabilities can access and navigate your internet site without hindrance.
By optimizing your website for web accessibility, you do not only meet legal requirements but in addition improve the user experience for folks with disabilities. This could include implementing features like appropriate color contrast, alternative text for images, and keyboard-friendly navigation.
Language, translation, and accessibility are integral to building a user-centric website that caters to the wants and preferences of diverse audiences. By embracing multilingual SEO, cultural sensitivity, and web accessibility, you create an inclusive online presence that positively impacts SEO performance and user satisfaction.
|Benefits associated with Language, Translation, and Accessibility in SEO
|By implementing multilingual and multiregional SEO strategies, your site reaches a broader audience, increasing visibility and potential conversions.
|Accurate translation and cultural sensitivity demonstrate respect for many different cultures, resulting in better user experiences and avoiding potential cultural misunderstandings or offense.
|Improved Web Accessibility
|Ensuring web accessibility compliance, including sticking with the ADA guidelines, makes your site inclusive and valuable to users with disabilities, ultimately causing better user experience and higher search rankings.
|Enhanced User Satisfaction
|Through providing multilingual content as well as an accessible website, you produce a user-centric experience that caters to diverse audience needs and preferences, leading to higher engagement, longer sessions, and increased conversions.
Focus on Long-Term Success and User-Centric Approach
To experience long term success with SEO, it is essential to regularly evaluate your strategies and tactics. This requires performing routine SEO evaluations to gauge the potency of your niche research, audience preferences, and content performance. By reassessing these aspects, you are able to ensure your SEO attempts are aligned together with your goals and making positive progress.
Another essential part of long-term success is keyword refinement. As user behavior and look trends evolve, it is important to keep updated and optimize keywords accordingly. Continuously monitoring and refining your keyword strategy will allow you to maintain relevance and visibility in search engine rankings.
In terms of content creation, adopting a person-centered approach is key. Creating content which is tailored for your target audience’s needs and preferences will have more organic traffic and increase engagement. By prioritizing user-centered content, it is possible to improve user experience and boost the overall effectiveness of the SEO strategy.
Ethical AI tools can also play an important role in optimizing your SEO efforts. These power tools provide valuable insights and data to help you make informed decisions. By leveraging ethical AI tools, you are able to improve your SEO performance while maintaining transparency and ethical practices.
One popular tool inside the SEO sector is the Yoast SEO plugin. This plugin was created to assist webmasters in optimizing their content and improving their search engine visibility. It offers valuable ideas for keyword optimization, readability, and technical SEO aspects, helping you develop a positive user experience and boost your SEO efforts.
Comparison of Ethical AI Tools
|Keyword analysis, content optimization, ethical data collection
|Improved keyword targeting, enhanced content performance, compliance with privacy regulations
|User behavior analysis, website optimization, AI-powered recommendations
|Insights into user preferences, enhanced website performance, personalized recommendations
|Competitor analysis, link building suggestions, ethical SEO guidance
|Identify competitive opportunities, improve backlink strategy, adhere to ethical SEO practices
Accepted SEO Tips and techniques
Ethical SEO relies on accepted tips and techniques approved by search engines. By implementing these practices, websites can achieve sustainable success and increase their online presence. Below are a few key tips and techniques to think about:
1. Quality Content
Creating high-quality, valuable content articles are required for SEO. It not only satisfies user intent but also helps establish your site as being a reliable source of information. By producing informative and fascinating content, it is possible to attract and retain a bigger audience, increasing your odds of ranking higher in search engine results. Make sure to optimize your content with relevant keywords and sustain a person-centric approach.
2. Search Engine Guidelines
Implementing search engine guidelines is crucial for too long-term SEO success. Search engine listings provide specific rules and recommendations to ensure fair competition and offer users with quality results. By simply following these tips, it is possible to avoid penalties and sustain an optimistic reputation with search engines.
3. Keyword Optimization
Keyword optimization involves conducting thorough research to identify by far the most relevant and valuable keywords to your website. By strategically incorporating these keywords to your content, titles, headings, and meta tags, you are able to improve your website’s visibility in search engine results. However, it’s essential to use keywords naturally and avoid keyword stuffing, as it can certainly negatively impact your rankings.
Backlink building refers to the procedure of acquiring high-quality backlinks off their websites. These backlinks serve as endorsements and help search engines like google determine the authority and relevance of your website. By focusing on natural link-building techniques, such as creating valuable content and contacting relevant websites, you are able to improve your website’s credibility and improve SEO performance.
5. Intellectual Property Rights
Respecting intellectual property rights is essential in SEO. It involves using original content, properly crediting external sources, and obtaining necessary permissions for using copyrighted material. By demonstrating ethical behavior and respecting intellectual property, you can keep a trustworthy reputation and avoid legalities.
|Accepted SEO Strategies and Techniques
|Creating high-quality, valuable content that satisfies user intent and establishes your site being a reliable way to obtain information.
|Search Engine Guidelines
|Adhering to search engine guidelines to make certain fair competition and keep an optimistic reputation with search engines.
|Conducting thorough keyword research and strategically incorporating relevant keywords in your content, titles, headings, and meta tags.
|Acquiring high-quality backlinks from relevant websites to improve your website’s credibility and improve SEO performance.
|Intellectual Property Rights
|Respecting intellectual property rights by utilizing original content, crediting external sources, and obtaining necessary permissions.
|Providing clear and accurate information about your site, content, and business practices to build trust along with your audience and look engines.
As a Final Point
Sustainable SEO practices are necessary for very long-term success within the digital landscape. By prioritizing ethical strategies and providing a positive user experience, websites can establish a strong online presence and get lasting results.
A key part of sustainable SEO is conducting regular website audits. By identifying and addressing issues like broken links, duplicate content, and slow loading speed, websites can optimize their performance and ensure a seamless user experience.
Optimizing site structure and navigation also plays a crucial role in sustainable SEO. Having a well-organized website, descriptive URLs, and intuitive menus, users can certainly get the information they want, resulting in increased user session duration and minimize bounce rates.
Furthermore, targeting relevant keywords, creating high-quality content, and improving page speed and mobile-friendliness are crucial factors in sustainable SEO. By implementing these practices and staying up-to-date with industry trends, websites can attract organic traffic, engage users, and build a powerful online presence for long-term success. | <urn:uuid:bda215bb-f38d-4567-9f5e-6c2491fb350b> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | http://soapboxincluded.com/617/unmatched-affordable-seo-services/ | 2024-04-13T21:49:15Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.891587 | 3,880 | 4,211 |
A common failure of our documented systematic theologies is their propensity to systematically explore orthodox and/or traditional doctrines which have no scriptural bases whatsoever. Naturalistic Theism encompasses exactly such a feckless exercise.1
For one whole chapter of twenty five pages Dr. Chafer waxes very philosophical and very, very verbose in trying to decipher what mankind could know about the existence of God, without the presence of God's revelation to man. This theologian's immediate response; “Who cares?” Our more pressing reaction should be “What does God's written Word tell us of man's intrinsic knowledge about God, and man's standing before Him?” A discussion of ontological arguments logically assembled by philosophers of yesteryear has no place whatsoever in a systematic theology. Arguing for or against the existence of reality, categorizing universal characteristics of existence and explaining “I think therefore I am,” is a sophomoric exercise for a philosophy student, or cultist's ground for Mary Baker Glover Eddy's Christian-Science reading room, but not the sacred ground for the theologian with a Holy Bible in his lap.
Likewise twenty two wordy paragraphs defining a teleological aposterior argument which proves the existence of God is nothing more than philosophical fodder with no founded place in a systematic theology. Supposing a power which produces intelligence and rational thought might somehow lack intelligence and rational thought is such a profound tom-foolery that it should not even be named theological, let alone find seven whole pages in a systematic theology book. In his own conclusion Dr. Chafer admits that such “abstract speculations” are completely unnecessary.2
Dr. Chafer does include two necessary arguments about man's intrinsic knowledge of God; the cosmological argument and the anthropological argument. But even in these his development is wholly philosophical and completely lacking for the theologian, even categorically incompetent for a systematic theologian. A competent cosmological argument and a competent anthropological argument must start where the Word of God starts, and not where the vain logical philosophies of mere men starts. The theologian must, as heretofore stated by all parties, begin with an infallible, inerrant source and unravel what has been revealed about Naturalistic Theism. Such a volume must first cast off all of Hodge, Strong, Thiessen and Chafer's Ontological-Teleological arguments as vain philosophy. There are two and only two pertinent books that fill their pages with philosophy; Job and Ecclesiastes. Neither of them contain ontological or teleological considerations. Why? Both of these philosophy dissertations begin and revolve around what Scripture reveals as man's intrinsic knowledge about God. Ergo a systematic theology presenting Naturalistic Theism must begin with nothing more and should venture through none of the rationalistic mud of unregenerate philosophers. Chafer's whole chapter needs to be reorganized and rewritten. Just such a venture was begun in the appendix of this report, and is presently in draft before you.
Chapter 14 of Dr. Lewis Sperry Chafer's Systematic Theology disqualifies him as a candidate for writing a theology book, and it thoroughly and completely disqualifies him for writing a systematic theology. In this chapter, titled “The Attributes of God”, a crescendo of improper, unsystematic organization crosses a line of incompetence where his scattered ramblings cannot be rationally comprehended. In this chapter, needing concise conclusions about our God and Father, passive communication methods cross a threshold in ones ability to comprehend his subject, his verb and the possible existence of indirect objects. In this Chapter where the heart of theology resides one cannot find sound Biblical Doctrine, Biblical research methods or Biblical hermeneutics. These observations make Chafer's six volume set uncomfortable in an independent Baptist theologians library.3
There are three glaring failures in Chafer's systematic theology; his failure to organize a presentation of doctrine, his failure to communicate anything in an active voice and a concise English sentence, and his failure to comprehend and capture a purely Biblical theology. These necessitate the review of more competent systematic works, and makes obvious the dire need of a purely Biblical systematic theology work captured in something less than six volumes.
Three more competent systematic works capture a profound insight to the attributes of God and surely capture a more thoroughly organized systematic theology. First, Dr. Chafer's lack genders a new respect of Augustus H. Strong. A strong attraction is in Strong's Baptist heritage; Baptist historically being people of the Book, i.e. people with the Holy Bible as a final authority and the being a sole authority of all faith and practice, ergo, people who defy creeds, traditions, and human founders, to rest solely on this one authority. Augustus Strong exhibits genius in organizing and communicating Bible doctrine and systematic theology. His prominent systematic errors being his acceptance of evolution as his creator, and his acceptance of the Presbyterian and Reformed-Theology and their unchangeable “decrees” of God. His organization captures well the attributes of God, however, as the first chapter of Part IV of his first volume. That part entitled “The nature, decrees, and works of God.”4
Chafer's whole section titled Bibliology, needed to be re-written to incorporate a Biblical view of inspiration; his whole chapter of “Naturalistic Theism,” needed to be re-written to capture any Biblical view at all; and now, his chapter on the attributes, personality and works of God is found to be in such unorganized, excessively passive and verbose conglomeration that it too needs to be re-written. Such a re-write, following Augustus Strong's superb example is begun in Appendix 3 of this report.
Henry Clarence Thiessen is the other Baptist author of a Systematic Theology. His organization and writing is far superior to Chafer's. His one volume called “Introductory Lectures In Systematic Theology” incorporates a very concise and careful wording of doctrine, where Chafer exhibits six volumes of verbose imprecise wording of the same. Both seem to equally capture evangelical error, with an un-Biblical doctrine of inspiration, naturalistic theology, and of the decrees of God, but Thiessen is greatly preferred to the excessively passive and verbose mannerisms of Dr. Chafer.
Dr. Thiessen divided his Theism from his Theology, as did Strong, and he organized the latter as: 1) The Nature of God- Essence and Attributes, 2) The Nature of God- The Unity and Trinity, 3) The Decrees of God, 4) The Works of God in Sovereignty. Such a work mimics the organization structure and content of Strong and makes a worthy outline for a re-write of Chafer's vain attempt.
Charles Hodge,(1797-1878) in a perfectly thorough systematic theology, by a perfectly thorough, albeit Presbyterian, theologian, organized his Theology Proper as: 1) Origin of the idea of God, 2) Theism, 3) Anti-Theistic theories, 4) knowledge of God, 5) The Nature of God and His Attributes, 6) the Trinity, 7) The Divinity of Christ, 8) The Holy Spirit, 9) The Decrees of God, 10) Creation, 11) Providence, and 12) Miracles.
For the area of Theology Proper it would be hard to improve on Hodges Systematic approach. Strong seems to be the first to separate Theism from Theology and that separation is artificial and unnecessary. Where each theologian should have expounded the Bibles dispensationalism, under the works of God, alas none have. A special disappointment is hailed for Chafer, who started with a burning desire to word dispensationalism but had no depth to include it under the works of God. Instead all these theologians spent exorbitant time defending the Westminster confession and its fatalistic heresy; that God decrees everything that happens, and knew who you'd marry before the foundation of the earth!5 And also supposing that God knows every soul that shall be saved and decreed it before the foundation of the earth!6 And also that God knows every soul headed to hell and predestined them to go there before the foundation of the earth!7
Hodge the Presbyterian, worshiper of John Calvin, made his Systematic Theology systematically Westminster, and loyal to Roman diabolical philosophies. Strong, bolstered the deity of Christ in his, but retained the Westminster confession without correction, and would not depart from vain philosophy. Thiessen departed from inspiration of Scripture, but not from the Westminster Confession or philosophical viewpoints. And Chafer added unmitigated wordiness to Thiessen, bolstered the denial of plenary verbal inspiration, infallibility and inerrancy, while bowing the more loyally to the Westminster as he spinelessly regurgitated the philosophical perspectives; perspectives incorporated by Roman Catholics and carried on by Protestants who did nor protest enough. It is high time that someone with a systems background and a solid grasp on an infallible inerrant sole authority, defy the Westminster Confession of 1646, defy the philosopher and define a Biblical Systematic Theology. Alas Chafer is not that man.
A supposition about Dr. Lewis Sperry Chafer's competence in writing a systematic theology is worded previously but a comment on his thirty five pages defending the Westminster Confession's divine decrees is in order here. He starts by asserting that anyone who would disagree with the Westminster's interpretation is “dishonoring and misleading.”8 He contends that since both the Westminster Confession of 1646 and the Bible assert the decree, the purpose, the determinate counsel, the foreknowledge, the fore ordination, and the election by which God is said to act, therefore the Westminster Confession of 1646 is the truth. Incidentally, it reports as truth that God decrees everything that happens and knew who you'd marry before the foundation of the earth!9 that God knows every soul that shall be saved and decreed it before the foundation of the earth!10 and that God knows every soul headed to hell and predestined them to go there before the foundation of the earth!11
Dr. Chafer then rambles on and on for thirty three pages before he allows a Rev. Alex Brown to write his misguided conclusion.12 Dr. Chafer is provided a perfect convenience for writing out his dispensational theology in a section about the works of God, instead of writing about the actual works of God he expands and justifies the Roman Catholic myth, worded by John Calvin, codified in the Westminster Confession of 1646, perpetuated by Presbyterians, certified by Reformed Theologians, and presently creeping in to non-Protestant (i.e. Baptists) theology, the myth of divine decrees. Someone needs to accentuate the old relevant story and declare in no uncertain terms, “The Emperor has NO clothes.”13
I hold in my hands a Bible that declares, Prayer changes things, and they hold in their systematic theologies that, All is foreknown, nothing can change. One is wrong. I hold in my hands a Bible that says, “It repented God that He had made man”, that God repented of what he was going to do to Nineveh, and that God and I can change the eternal destiny of my neighbor, and they write a systematic theology that says “nay, nay.” I hold in my lap a book that says Sarah gave Hagar to Abram and mucked up a situation with obtuse consequences; they say God planned it that way from the foundation of the world. I hold a book that says Abraham intervened for Lot and caused his salvation, they say God would have done it that way anyhow. My Bile says Moses intervened to prevent God from destroying the Sons of Israel, they say God was just pulling Moses' leg with false threats. My Bible says Joash only had three victories because he only struck his arrows three times, their decrees say God didn't rearrange his plan he just deceived old Elisha and Joash. My book says God changed his minded, God changed his Word, and God changed his message just to give Hezekiah thirteen more years of life; they say he was just messing with Elisha and Hezekiah's head. It is high time somebody stood up to these dishonoring deceivers and plainly declared that the Westminster Confession is WRONG! One is responsible for their own actions, decisions, and rejections, and God does pay attention to the whosoevers of the Bible. Again, Dr. Chafer proved not to be that man.
Chafer worded an excellent chapter on The Names of Deity. There is a distinct break from his very wordy, excessively philosophical style previously displayed. He emphasized in this chapter that the Scriptures were his main source. This had not been mentioned or practiced previous. It made all the difference in the world. The concise wording seems to be accomplished by citing other works heavily, but it was a joy to read a concise well worded chapter. Evidently he wrote his own conclusion, that is the only portion that reminded me of his disturbing style.
Chafer's Trinitarianism was reviewed. It was disturbing that Chafer worded this thirty nine word sentence, “The fact that men of equal sincerity disagree relative to the possibility of reason serving in the field of this doctrine is evidence that unaided human minds fail in their attempts to search the deep things of God,” which highlights his insufficiency to word a concise definitive section on the trinitarian doctrine. Again Strong is far more capable as a theologian in this area. Chafer outlines his section as follows:
Chapter 17 Introduction to Trinitarianism
Chapter 18 Proof of the Trinitarian Doctrine
Chapter 19 God the Father
Chapter 20-26 God the Son
I. His Preexistencetic Union
II. His Names
III. His Deity
IV. His Incarnation
V. His Humanity
VI. The Kenosis
VII. The Hyposta
Chapter 27 God the Holy Spirit
While Strong has this detailed and clarified presentation of the doctrine:
Chapter II. Doctrine op the Trinity, 304-352
I. In Scripture there are Three who are recognized as God, 305-322
1. Proofs from the New Testament, 305-317
A. The Father is recognized as God, 305
B. Jesus Christ is recognized as God, 305-315
C. The Holy Spirit is recognized as God, 315-317
2. Intimations of the Old Testament, 317-322
A. Passages which seem to teach Plurality of some sort in the Godhead, 317-819
B. Passages relating to the Angel of Jehovah, . . . 319-320
C. Descriptions of the Divine Wisdom and Word, 320-321
D. Descriptions of the Messiah, 321-322
II. These Three are so described in Scripture, that we are compelled to conceive them as distinct Persons, 322-326
1. The Father and the Son are Persons distinct from each other, 322
2. The Father and the Son are Persons distinct from the Spirit, 322-323
3. The Holy Spirit is a Person, 323 326
III. This Tri-personality of the Divine Nature is not merely economic and temporal, but is immanent and eternal, 326-330
1. Scripture Proof that these distinctions of Pesonality are eternal, 326
2. Errors refuted by the Scripture Passages, . . . 327-330
A. The Sabellian, 827-328
B. The Arian, 328-330
VI While there are three Persons, there is but one Essence, 330-334
V. These three Persons are Equal, 334-343
1. These Titles belong to the Persons, 834-336
2. Qualified Sense of these Titles, 335-340
3. Generation and Procession consistent with Equality, 340-343
VI. The Doctrine of the Trinity inscrutable, yet not self contradictory, but the Key to all other Doctrines, 344-352
1. The Mode of this Triune Existence is inscrutable, 344-345 p
2. The Doctrine of the Trinity is not self-contradictory, 345-347
3. The Doctrine of the Trinity has important relations to other Doctrines, 347-352
Dr. Chafer's extremely wordy, improperly organized section on the trinity is dwarfed by existing systematic theology works. It is to be unstaged by “A Systematic Theology for the 21st Century.” Praise the Lord.
1This section is extracted from a “TH802 report ADVANCED SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY II TH802 WRITTEN REPORT” Presented to the Faculty of Louisiana Baptist University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Doctorate of Philosophy in Theological Studies, 2013
2Chafer, Systematic Theology Vol. 1, 161.
3Extracted from TH802 report, 2013. [This passionate dismissal of Dr. Lewis Sperry Chafer's systematic theology is not meant to dismiss his genius and integrity. As the founder and president of Dallas Theological Seminary, and the author of eight volumes of systematic theology, his high regard should not be significantly diminished by this critique.]
4Strong's Volume is organized in four parts; 1) Prolegomena, 2) The Existence of God, 3) The Scriptures A Revelation From God, 4) The Nature, Decrees and Works of God.
5Westminster Confession of Faith (1646) Chap III, Article 1. God from all eternity, did, by the most wise and holy counsel of His own will, freely, and unchangeably ordain whatsoever comes to pass ...
6Westminster Confession of Faith (1646) Chap III, Article 3-4, III. By the decree of God, for the manifestation of His glory, some men and angels are predestinated unto everlasting life; and others foreordained to everlasting death. IV. These angels and men, thus predestinated, and foreordained, are particularly and unchangeably designed, and their number so certain and definite, that it cannot be either increased or diminished.
8Chafer, Systematic Theology Vol. 1, 225.
12Chafer, Systematic Theology Vol. 1, 257-259.
13Reference to short story Emperor's New Clothes, 1837, by Hans Christian Anderson.
To Continue in this series click the link belowTheology Proper Conclusion 44 www.truthaboutthechrist.com/thetruthaboutgodthefather/conclusion.html
The Systematic Theology for the 21st Century Part 3 Theollogy Proper - The Study of God the Father
Series Complete Table of Contents | <urn:uuid:628f8ec1-406e-4423-ad1a-cbfa925317e2> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | http://truthaboutthechrist.com/thetruthaboutgodthefather/critiques.html | 2024-04-13T23:22:19Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.936639 | 3,946 | 4,689 |
The autosave functionality in Lion takes some getting used to. It’s arguably a better way to do things, but after decades of manually saving files, it can take some time to get comfortable with how the new system works.
One change that particularly irritates me is the way the old Save As workflow has been replaced with Duplicate. The old system worked like this: After opening up an existing document and making changes, choosing “Save As” from the file menu allowed you to save those changes in a new file, instead of overwriting the existing one.
Of course this workflow isn’t really compatible with the autosave system, and as a result it has been replaced with Duplicate. There are two main problems I have with Duplicate:
The first is that it has no keyboard shortcut assigned by default, meaning it requires a time-consuming trip to the File menu. Fortunately, this is easily solved by assigning the shortcut yourself in the Keyboard section of System Preferences. Under the Keyboard Shortcuts tab, click on Application Shortcuts in the list on the left, then click the plus (+) button to add a new shortcut. Leave the drop-down menu as All Applications, set the Menu Title to “Duplicate” and assign a shortcut of Command-Shift-S, the same as the old Save As shortcut.
The second problem is that if you duplicate your file after you’ve already made changes (like you would do commonly with Save As), then you are presented with the following cumbersome dialog:
The default option, Duplicate, updates the existing file with the changes you have made as well as creating a duplicate, while Duplicate and Revert is more like the old Save As functionality. While there’s no perfect solution to this problem, there are two ways to avoid this dialog: Firstly, you could always remember to duplicate your files before you start making changes that you don’t want overwrite the existing file. This is probably the safest (and Apple-preferred) way, but will probably take me years to get used to. For those who really can’t stand the new way of doing things, Shawn Blanc has written a hack using Keyboard Maestro that automatically chooses Duplicate and Revert in the dialog for you.
Preview has an interesting new feature in Lion - the magnifier tool. Bringing it up allows you to take a closer look at a certain area of an image without having to zoom in the entire thing. There are two different ways to activate it: Either choose “Show Magnifier” from the Tools menu, or simply press the ` (backtick) key.
Once activated, the magnifier follows your cursor, allowing you to move to to different areas of the image. It seems to be yet another feature that is iOS-inspired — it feels very like the iPhone text selection “loupe”.
You can adjust the size of the magnifier using the pinch in and out gestures, allowing you to zoom in further and further until the magnifier occupies the whole screen.
Using the magnifier on PDF files brings up a slightly different, rectangular magnifier. Its size and position also subtly adjust to the content it is magnifying. For example, it will “lock” to the width of a paragraph, which is really useful when scrolling down a page.
A new feature in Lion’s Preview application means an end to the tedious and fiddly task of scanning, cropping and pasting signatures into PDF documents. “Signature Capture” allows you to simply sign your name on a piece of paper and hold it up to your Mac’s camera, while Preview takes care of the rest and automatically inserts it into the PDF. Here’s a quick guide on how to do this.
Start by opening up the PDF you need to sign using Preview. Look in the toolbar for the Annotate button (looks like a pencil) and click it to bring up the Annotations Bar. There are a couple of new additions to this bar in Lion, but the one we are looking for is the Signature button. Click this button, and select “Create Signature from Camera” from the menu.
The instructions in the Signature Capture window are fairly self explanatory, but it’s worth emphasising that it’s definitely best if you use a fairly thick pen with black ink. Hold the paper up close to your Mac’s camera, and then click the Accept button when you are satisfied with the Preview. It can be a bit tricky to do all this simultaneously, so it helps if you use a small piece of paper that you can hold with one hand.
Once you have clicked Accept, it’s simply a case of clicking in the PDF document where you want the signature to appear. If you hover the cursor over different element in the document, you should notice that lines and boxes highlight blue, indicating Preview has detected a suitable place to put your signature.
Any signatures you add using Signature Capture are stored in Preview and are accessible from all your documents, meaning you only have to go through this process once. Clicking the Signature button will show all the signatures you have already imported, and choosing “Manage Signatures” allows you add new ones and remove any you no longer need.
If you find you have a multi-page PDF with huge margins on every page, you can use Preview to crop those margins down.
With the PDF open in Preview, make sure that the sidebar is visible (in the View menu) and set it to display thumbnails using the button at the bottom.
Change to the select tool using the toolbar button, the Tools menu or by pressing Command-3. Drag a box around the region you want to keep, then click in the sidebar and press Command-A to select all pages.
If you have some pages that are a different orientation (i.e. landscape), you can hold Command and click on these pages to de-select them.
Finally, choose Crop from the Tools menu, or just press Command-K.
With an image open in Preview, go to the View menu and choose Customize Toolbar. In the window that appears, drag the Annotate button up onto your toolbar, then click Done. Now, the Annotate options in the Tools menu may be inactive, but the toolbar button still works.
Just Click and hold on the Annotate button to bring up the different annotation options. You'll notice that the link option has been replaced with line, which makes sense since unlike a PDF, there is no text to link in an image. Once you have selected your tool, just click and drag on the image to add the annotation.
As usual, you can choose Show Fonts and Show Colors from the Tools menu to edit the look of your annotations. In addition, the - (minus) and + (plus) keys will change the thickness of your lines.
There are a few little quirks with this though. Firstly, I sometimes had problems re-opening the Fonts window after closing it. If this happens, quitting and reopening Preview seems to fix it. Secondly, note that saving the file makes the annotations permanent, meaning you can't edit them. Thirdly, the options like shadow and underline in the Fonts panel don’t seem to work. The changes happen, but revert back to normal as soon as you close the Fonts window. Finally, you can't copy and paste your annotations like you would do to other objects. Instead, this just copies and pastes the entire image.
These small flaws aside, this is a great way to quickly make rough changes to images without having to resort to third party software. It's great for adding quick notes to screenshots, and I even made my Twitter Background using it.
One topic that came up in the comments of that tip was Preview's inability to scale and resize images. I explained a trick involving zooming and using the Mac OS X Screen shot tools, but this is far from ideal.
Interestingly, it turns out Preview can resize images, but you can only access this through Automator. In fact, there is a whole load of features that are only accessible this way.
If you have Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger, you will find Automator in your Applications folder. It is an application designed to do repetitive and time consuming tasks for you. You simply create a workflow by dragging and dropping "action" blocks, and then you can set it going whenever you want to perform that action. It's great for doing batch tasks like renaming a long list of files or resizing a large group of images.
If you look in the left hand column, you will find a section titled Preview. Clicking this will bring up a list of Automator actions that you can use. Some are familiar and accessible from the menus in Preview, but some are new.
Let's start with the simplest possible workflow. Say you want to resize an image (or lots of images) to half its size. To do this, drag the Scale Images action over to the right hand side. A dialog box will appear asking if you want the workflow to keep a copy of the original image or not. If you click Add, the workflow will make a copy of your image on the Desktop and resize that instead of the original. Otherwise, it will simply replace the image with its resized version.
The next step is to choose how you want to scale your image. You can set it to a certain width or a percentage of its original size. Once you have chosen, choose Save As from the File menu and give it a name like Resize Images. From the File Format pop-up menu choose Application. The Desktop is a good place to save it.
Now we can try it out. Find an image file and drag it onto the Resize Images icon. A copy of the image at half the size should appear on the Desktop - Preview doesn't even need to open. You can even drag a large selection of photos. If you find yourself using
This is only the beginning though. The other features that aren't accessible through Preview are "Create Thumbnail Images" and "Pad Images" which both work in much the same way as Scale Images. Although you can change the image type in Preview, the "Change Type of Images" is really useful as it is so much faster.
You can even extend your workflows to make them more like applications. For example, try adding "Ask for Finder Items" (from the Finder section) to the start of the work flow. Now, once you have saved the workflow as an application, when you double-click it to open, it will bring up a dialog, asking you to choose the images that you want to resize.
Also, take a look at the PDF actions that Automator has. Some of these are really useful if you often use PDF documents in Preview.
If a number of images are open in Preview at the same time, you can view a full screen slideshow by choosing Slideshow from the View menu or by pressing Command-Shift-F. Once the Slideshow has started, press I or click the "Index page" button in the toolbar. This make a contact sheet of all the images, with exposé style animation. Shift-click for slow motion as usual.
2. Sort Order in Sidebar
Normally images appear in alphabetical order in the sidebar (although PDFs appear in page order) but you can choose a different sort order by right-clicking on one of the thumbnails. This brings up a contextual menu with path, kind, size, date and keyword sort options. For your own custom order, just drag the images up and down.
3. Quickly Trash Images
While viewing an image in Preview, pressing Command-Delete will move it to the Trash, just as if you had selected its icon in the Finder. This is useful if you want to cycle through a collection of photos using the Up and Down arrows, and press Command-Delete to Trash the unwanted ones. You can also drag the thumbnail from the sidebar to the Trash.
By default, the rotate buttons don't appear in the toolbar when viewing PDFs. To add them, Command-Option-click the Show/Hide toolbar button to bring up the Customise toolbar options. When you click rotate, it will rotate every page in the PDF document. If you Option-Click rotate, only the page you are currently viewing will be rotated.
5. Open a Folder of Images
Dragging a folder onto Preview's icon will cause it to open up every image in the folder. You will have to hold Command-Option while dragging onto the icon to force Preview to accept it. Be careful when doing this with a folder with lots of images in. If you do this with your Pictures folder for example, it will open your entire iPhoto Library. If you are adventurous, have a go at doing this with an application (they are just disguised folders anyway). Strangely, Preview can "open" itself.
6. Use the Scroll Tool with Images
When viewing PDF files, you can access the scroll tool through the View menu. This allows you to drag the images about with a hand rather than using the scroll bars. Unfortunately, this tool is greyed out when viewing anything but PDFs. To use the scroll tool with other formats, hold the Space bar before dragging an image. Additionally, if you Space-Command-click you will zoom in, and if you Space-Command-Option-click you will zoom out.
7. Slideshows Without the Toolbar
When viewing PDFs fullscreen using the slideshow option in the View menu (Command-Shift-F), the toolbar appears at the bottom whenever you move the mouse. To prevent this, double-click anywhere (but not on the toolbar). Now the toolbar will stay hidden until you next click. You can still get its functionality using keyboard shortcuts: Space will Play/Pause and the Left and Right arrows scroll through pages. Pressing A and F will toggle between actual size and fit to screen.
8. Change Annotation Font Size
The annotate tool is available when viewing PDFs. You can have a red oval or a yellow text box. The text is fixed to the System Font, which is Lucida Grande, size 13. To change the size, type
defaults write com.apple.Preview NSSystemFontSize -int 9 into the Terminal (in Applications/Utilities) and press return. The number at the end is the font size (replace with 13 to return to normal). You will need to quit and reopen Preview for changes to take effect.
9. Change Zoom Level after Spotlight Search
When you click on the PDF in the Spotlight results, it opens up in Preview with the search term highlighted throughout the document. This is pretty useful, however the PDF is actually zoomed in 280 percent. This means you can read the word you searched for pretty easily, but you can't see anything else. To reduce this, start by quitting Preview if it is running and open up Terminal from the Utilities folder in the Applications folder. Type defaults write com.apple.Preview Preview -dict-add PVPDFSpotlightSelectionSize 10 and press return. The 10 at the end corresponds to a 100% zoom level. To return to normal, replace this with 28 (280% zoom). More information here.
10. Image Correction Tools
Preview offers a lightweight alternative to iPhoto's image correction tools. This is accessible from the Tools menu, and offers almost everything iPhoto does. Be warned through, there is no undo option for these changes, so the only way to go back is to revert to the last saved copy.
11. Bookmark Images and PDF pages
This feature was originally designed for long PDF files. If you want to save a certain page for reference or are half way through a long ebook and want a break, you can bookmark the page by pressing Command-D or by choosing Add Bookmark from the Bookmarks menu. Interestingly you can also bookmark images that you use often so you don't need to locate them first.
If you hold the Option key before dragging a selection, a small grey box will appear, telling the size of the selection in pixels. More information here.
13. Tag Images
In Preview you can tag images with keywords that are recognised by Photoshop and Spotlight. To do this, press Command-I and click on the Keywords tab. This "Document Info" window acts like an inspector palette, so you can easily scroll through your images without having to open it again.
When you click on the PDF in the Spotlight results, it opens up in Preview with the search term highlighted throughout the document. This is pretty useful, however the PDF is actually zoomed in 280 percent. This means you can read the word you searched for pretty easily, but you can't see anything else.
Luckily, by changing one line in the Preview preferences, you can change the zoom level to something less extreme. The easiest way to do this is using the Terminal.
First, quit Preview if it is running and open up Terminal from the Utilities folder in the Applications folder. Type the following line and press return:
defaults write com.apple.Preview Preview -dict-add PVPDFSpotlightSelectionSize 10
The 10 at the end corresponds to a 100% zoom level. By default, this number is set to 28, or 280% zoom. If you want some zoom, but not quite as much, try a number like 15 for 150% zoom.
If you don't want to use the Terminal, or you are curious to see what the command actually does, you can open up the preference file in Property List Editor (which you will only have if you have installed the Developer Tools from the Mac OS X install Disk). Go to your user folder and navigate to Library/Preferences and open up com.apple.Preview.plist using Property List Editor.
Use the expansion Triangles to navigate to Root/Preview/PVPDFSpotlightSelectionSize. Here you can see the number is 28 (or 10 if you have already changed it in the Terminal).
If you want to make a selection of a specific size, you normally just have to guess. By default Preview doesn't tell you the dimensions of the selection, but there is a way to make it.
If you hold down the Option key before making a selection on an image, a small grey box appears next to your cursor telling you the size of the selection in pixels.
This also works on already made selections. Hold down the Option key before dragging one of the dots around the edge of the selection box and the selection size will appear again.
When working with most image formats the select tool is the only one you have, so using it is simply a case of dragging across an image. If you are using a PDF file, make sure you are using the select tool by pressing Command-3 or by going to the Tools menu.
The main annoyance of this is the apparent lack of a scrolling tool. This is the one that is shown by a hand and allows you to drag the image about instead of having to use the scroll bars. It is especially useful when you have to scroll diagonally in either very large images or when you are zoomed in a lot. Instead of switching between the vertical and horizontal scroll bars, you can just drag the image in the direction you want it to move.
The trick to getting the scroll tool when viewing any image with Preview is to press and hold the Space bar. You will notice that the cursor changes to the hand and you can drag your image about. Once you have started dragging you can even let go of the space bar and it will still work, even though the cursor changes back to the cross of the select tool. This is similar behaviour to that of other image viewing and manipulation applications, however it is a bit more hidden in Preview. | <urn:uuid:2ee7d1ed-f309-490c-9140-956581f2d4b2> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | http://www.macosxtips.co.uk/index_files/category-preview.php | 2024-04-13T21:41:57Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.9068 | 4,125 | 4,396 |
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6: A Life Shared
The sun shortened the shadows, seeking out those resting in the garden, causing them to move from the roses to the shade of the trees.
Mithrellas put her hands on the ridged grey-brown bark and closed her eyes as she listened to its song. ‘Your gardeners are skilled,’ she commented. ‘It is not easy for trees to thrive in the salt wind of the land’s margins. These are not as well-grown as they would be in a less harsh environment, but they are healthy and happy here.’
‘I believe that it is important to select the right types of plant,’ Imrahil remarked as he spread a blanket beneath the spreading branches of the walnut.
‘It is,’ she agreed, ‘and some plants will thrive when transplanted and grow happily far from their native soils, while others fade.’
The Prince looked at her cynically. ‘You speak of matters other than gardening, I feel, my lady,’ he remarked.
‘It is,’ she said, meeting his eyes, ‘a matter of making the right choice,’
Imrahil turned to look at his daughter as she and Amrothos carried trays of fruit and drinks to the warm dappled shade. ‘But it is only in retrospect,’ he said softly, ‘that the rightness of our decisions becomes apparent. My sister’s choice seemed wise – but was less than happy. How shall I know whether Lothiriel’s is likely to bring her joy?’
‘You cannot,’ Mithrellas said simply. ‘And no life consists of perpetual contentment. You can only love and hope and be there if things go wrong.’
‘But you think her choice is inevitable?’
‘It is made,’ Mithrellas shrugged. ‘It may comfort you to know that she has chosen the man rather than the position he offers.’
Imrahil smiled wryly. ‘I would expect that in her mother’s daughter,’ he said. ‘You have no idea how much difficulty I had in persuading her to marry me.’
Mithrellas laughed. ‘I know that I would have found my marriage easier,’ she admitted, ‘had I not wed the rank as well as the man.’
‘You cannot spend the periods between Imrazor’s visits secluded in your tower,’ her husband’s mother said with exasperation.
Mithrellas regarded her silently.
‘I will not live for ever,’ she continued, somewhat mollified by the lack of response. ‘You will be the Lady of Belfalas – you need to know how to run your household. Even if you choose to do so by delegating the authority, you will need to know who you can trust.’
She was looking older, Mithrellas thought. Her hair was streaked with frost and there were lines around her eyes that the elf did not recall. Adrahil, too, had aged in similar ways. On consideration, Mithrellas thought that perhaps some twenty winters had passed here in Belfalas since she first passed through the studded wooden gates. A blink of time in the life of an elf, but long enough among men to bring children to adulthood and carry the aged to their tombs. The elf felt a shiver of anticipation chill her. Thus would her fate present itself: in the greying of his hair and the marks of age on his body as he grew and changed in a way she never would.
‘And you have been wed long enough,’ her mother-in-law continued, giving voice to her greatest worry. ‘What if there are no little ones to come? Can Elves and Men bear children between them?’
‘They can,’ Mithrellas said. ‘I have known half-elven children.’ She hesitated. ‘There never seemed to me to be any hurry – the child-bearing years of Elves extend over many centuries.’
Lady Heledh pursed her lips. ‘Then you are fortunate,’ she said. ‘But it is no so among Men – and people are beginning to wonder if your union with my son will be blessed.’ She held out her hands to the small fire Mithrellas had burning in the grate. ‘It is so cold in here,’ she observed. ‘I do not know how you endure it.’ She waited, watching the flames curl round the pine cones. ‘I have spoken to Imrazor,’ she admitted, ‘and he told me to leave you alone – he said that you would have children when you were ready and that the estates would run satisfactorily without you concerning yourself with their direction.’ She cast a quick look at the impassive elleth. ‘I am sure that is so – but I want my son to have the best,’ she said apologetically, ‘and that means he needs his wife at his side, supporting him, bearing his children, guiding Belfalas when his duties take him to the King’s side.’
Mithrellas thought of Nimrodel and her childish demands for attention and adoration, demands that had led to Amroth’s abandonment of his people at a time of desperate need and, ultimately, to both their deaths. Although she missed Imrazor when he was with the armies of Gondor, she respected his devotion to his obligations – and it was time that she took up hers. Lady Galadriel, she thought absently, would have been unlikely to have been as patient as her mother-in-law had been with her reluctance to assume her responsibilities. ‘You are right,’ she sighed. ‘Although I am sure that many of the duties you undertake are not dissimilar to those involved in organising the Golden Wood, I was never more than a minor part of that, under the instruction of others. I will do what I can.’
‘A child,’ her mother-in-law said firmly.
‘A child,’ Mithrellas agreed. ‘Although that duty will have to wait for Imrazor’s presence before it can be set in motion.’
‘And in the meantime,’ Heledh said with determination, ‘you will give some attention to the running of the household.’
The concerns of the Lady of Belfalas turned out to be much the same as the duties of a Lady of Lorien – the provision of food to last her people through the cold months, the creation of simples to treat injuries, the spinning of yarn and the weaving of cloth, the establishment of safe shelter, the settling of disputes, the education of the young, the care of the infirm. And then, beside these tasks, there were the rules of behaviour and the etiquette involved in the dance of social position. Mithrellas found this part of Lady Heledh’s training the most irritating. The rank of birth existed among elves, she could not deny it, but it did not take up much of their attention – and whether you were a king’s son or a forester’s daughter, the wearing of centuries ensured that you were valued for your own merit rather than the position acquired by your ancestors.
Fortunately, Mithrellas soon realised, many of the people she was supposed to govern were made as uncomfortable by her as she was by them, and she rapidly learned that they preferred to obey her from a distance, while her aides attended to the business of passing on her requests.
Her mother-in-law was, fortunately, amused to discover that projects she had found it difficult to initiate in an atmosphere of conservative resistance to change suddenly became possible when the objectors were fixed by Mithrellas’s cool grey stare and, despite her daughter-in-law’s reluctance, she began to draw her in as a last line of attack when all else failed.
Imrazor lay collapsed with laughter on the lush grass of the hidden glade. ‘The stare of death!’ he chuckled. ‘One look from the dagger eyes of Mithrellas, the witch of the woods, and their protests crumble to dust.’
‘It is not funny,’ his wife said with dignity as she sat back on her heels. ‘It is one thing to have them respect me – it is quite another to have them afraid of me.’
‘I should take you into battle,’ her husband chortled, infectiously enough to make her fight to suppress her grin. ‘You would clearly be worth a battalion of trained archers. You could put your hands on your hips and look down your nose at the enemy and they would be reduced to instant meekness and beg your pardon for their impertinence.’
Mithrellas narrowed her eyes and frowned at him. ‘It is nothing to laugh about,’ she told him, using her long fingers to prod him in the ribs.
He grasped her round her waist and pulled her down beside him on the soft turf, lifting himself to one elbow to gaze at her. ‘It is no use,’ he told her airily. ‘I am immune to your wiles, my wife. Your eyes have no power over me.’
‘No?’ she asked, running her fingers through his dishevelled mane of dark hair, intent on the face looking down at her.
He caught his breath and lowered his head to touch his lips to hers. ‘Well,’ he conceded, ‘they do not make me fear you.’ Their kiss deepened and it was some moments before he was able to continue. ‘They put quite different ideas in my head.’
Mithrellas smiled. ‘Let us explore them, my love,’ she murmured. ‘I would be interested to see if your ideas and mine are similar in nature.’
The child had been conceived there, in the fresh enthusiasm of spring, as the song woke from its winter slowness to ring in the trees and sing in the waters, resonating in the earth beneath them and echoing from the stars. Mithrellas had felt his song start, there in her womb, and tears had stung her eyes at its thread-like purity. Her child, the son of Elf and Man, whose fate would be shared with his father, but whose influence would be felt across the years.
‘What is it?’ Imrazor’s sword-hardened finger had touched the silver tear gently. ‘Have I hurt you?’ He sounded concerned, and Mithrellas was again amazed at the sensitivity concealed beneath the warrior’s shell.
‘Your parents will be pleased,’ she told him, stilling his hand and kissing his fingers. ‘I hope that you will be as happy to have a son.’
He looked at her in confusion.
‘Elves know,’ she said, ‘from the moment of conception. They hear the new voice join the song – and count life as starting from that moment. Today is your son’s begetting day, Imrazor, son of Adrahil.’
A slow smile spread across his face and he rested his hand low on her belly in wonder. ‘A son?’ he asked. ‘By this time next year I will be a father?’
‘You are a father now,’ she said literally. ‘But a year from today you will be able to hold your son in your arms.’
He gathered her into his arms and held her as delicately as he would hold a flower, allowing the excitement to tingle through him before her words registered. ‘A year?’ he said with confusion. ‘I did not think that pregnancy lasted so long. I am sure that in men it takes a shorter time.’
‘Really?’ she asked, thinking of those she had seen swell with child and give birth. ‘You are right – I wonder if that will make a difference.’
Imrazor looked at her anxiously. ‘Did you not say that Lord Elrond at Imladris is half-elven and a noted healer? I will send a ship north to Mithlond in search of his wisdom.’
‘There is no rush,’ she told him comfortably, drawing him back down to the grassy bank. ‘Let us remain here a while.’
Mithrellas had been surprised – and more than a little irritated – by the fascination with which the population of Belfalas greeted the progress of her pregnancy. Every move she made was greeted with clucking: she was told to rest, or be active, eat carefully, or take what she chose – and every piece of advice seemed to contradict at least one other. Heledh had laughed and told her to make the most of the attention, for it would not outlast the arrival of Belfalas’s heir. The only thing her husband’s mother had insisted on was that the differences in elven gestation should be spread openly among the women of the court, so that no whispers would arise about the paternity of the child she carried.
Imrazor’s messengers had been welcomed to the Grey Havens of the north, and escorted to the hidden valley of Imladris in their quest for information and had returned with copies of as much information as the Lord of Imladris could provide. They had also brought long letters from the Lady Celebrían, daughter of Galadriel and Celeborn and wife to Lord Elrond, detailing her experience of bearing children with mortal blood and containing an offer of an elven healer to aid Mithrellas with the birth.
‘Lady Celebrían seems to be saying that you are likely to carry the child for a shorter time than you would expect,’ Lady Heledh said thoughtfully on reading the letters, ‘and that the child will be bigger than you would have expected of an elven infant born early, yet not as large as a full-blooded man-child born at term.’
Mithrellas smoothed a slightly nervous hand over her swelling abdomen. ‘He is growing more quickly than I would have thought,’ she said, sending soothing thoughts to the restless child within her.
‘Would you like to have an elven healer present?’ Adrahil asked. ‘I am not sure that our midwives will be very impressed, but healers of your race are undoubtedly more skilled than our own.’
Mithrellas looked at her husband, who returned her gaze blandly. ‘I suspect,’ she said, ‘that Imrazor sent messengers directly back from Dol Amroth to accept the offer.’
‘I would not have wanted aid to arrive too late to be of use,’ he replied. ‘The presence of elves will do no harm.’
Heledh pulled a face. ‘You do not wish the people of Belfalas to gain the impression that your son is more Elf than Man,’ she said bluntly. ‘It would not be wise to fill your house with elves.’
‘One healer,’ Imrazor protested, ‘or even a handful, will hardly take over my household.’
‘Healers who specialise in childbirth are, as with the midwives of Gondor, generally female,’ Mithrellas added. ‘I have observed that Men do not take females of any kind very seriously – they are unlikely to worry about an elleth who is also a healer.’
‘True enough,’ Adrahil observed. ‘I have, in any case, something of more importance to discuss with you both.’
‘There is nothing,’ Heledh objected, ‘more important than our grandson!’
The Lord of Belfalas took her hand. ‘Now Minas Ithil is lost and the fighting in the field has diminished, I want to establish a stronger presence at the coast. The Elves no longer hold Edhellond; the Corsairs are sailing out of Umbar and I am of the opinion that Belfalas will need to hold Dol Amroth firmly against incursion. We have long visited the city – but I now intend that it should be a centre of our power.’
His son looked at him and nodded slowly. ‘Are you intending to leave the position we hold here controlling the river and the road?’
Adrahil waved his hand. ‘You mistake my meaning,’ he said. ‘I will continue to hold here, as I have always done. I want you, my son, and Mithrellas to build a second stronghold on the sea.’ He smiled at his wife’s look of protest. ‘It will not mean you leaving this year or next,’ he said in a mollifying tone, ‘but over the next ten years or so, you will move your household to be based there. You will continue to spend months here – as we will visit you.’
‘It makes a lot of sense,’ Imrazor allowed. ‘Belfalas is vulnerable from the sea – but the sea could also be a source of revenue much greater than the road. A show of strength in the city could benefit the whole region.’
Adrahil smiled and raised his glass. ‘To your son,’ he said, ‘the future Lord of Dol Amroth.’
‘Did Lord Elrond send an elven midwife?’ Lothiriel asked.
‘He did,’ Mithrellas nodded. ‘The same one who, in fact, aided at the birth of Arwen Undomiel – and at that of her twin brothers. She was very reassuring.’
Lothiriel looked at her rather uneasily.
Mithrellas smiled. ‘A skilled midwife is a very important addition to any large household,’ she remarked casually. ‘And it is well to ensure her presence well in advance of any need. I think Curánwen’s years in Belfalas were probably of benefit to many young women for generations after she returned to the hidden valley.’
‘What was Galador like as a baby?’ Imrahil asked with interest. ‘Did the elven side of his heritage show clearly, or did he appear to be a son of Men?’
‘Is your interest in my son? Or are you more concerned about the son the Evenstar will bear your king?’ Mithrellas asked dryly.
Imrahil inclined his head in acknowledgement. ‘I agree with Lady Heledh,’ he said. ‘Elessar’s son will be a ruler of Men. It is important for him to him to be a son of Gondor.’
‘Galador was clearly his father’s son,’ Mithrellas told him. ‘His ears were round and he seemed to me to be more – boisterous – than an elven infant. He grew swiftly and learned quickly, although he was more sensitive to the natural world than other boys. But, I was told, he took longer to mature than others of his age. Imrazor’s mother said that all the sons of Númenor took longer to reach adulthood than others, but that Galador was slower still to grow to his full height. It did not matter, because he was stronger than most of his friends and possessed something of an elven agility.’
‘Was Adrahil right?’ Elphir asked. ‘Was it a wise move to bring the rulers of Belfalas to Dol Amroth?’
Mithrellas shrugged. ‘I am not the one to ask about such matters,’ she said. ‘And Imrazor is not here to tell you what he thought. He spent some years building up the defences of the city and beginning the construction of a home before we left his father’s castle permanently and brought the children to the sea. Until then, we spent part of the year here, but returned to the quiet of the wooded valleys for the winter. The people of Dol Amroth seemed to welcome us – I think they felt more secure with Imrazor and his soldiers in residence here. The town certainly became bigger and wealthier – the ships in the harbour came to outnumber the swans.’
‘It seems to me that it was the right thing to do,’ Amrothos said, his liquid eyes moving from the elf to look out over the water. ‘Experience has shown that Dol Amroth is the key to holding Belfalas. The river, the road, the passes through the hills – they are important, but they can be, they have been, held by small forces responding according to their standing orders.’
‘Especially,’ Erchirion said seriously, ‘since the Rohirrim arrived to take control of the land to the north of the mountains. I think we should be quite glad of the Horse Lords, do you not agree, little sister?’
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For example, we:
- Obtained a $1.3 million-dollar settlement for a woman who suffered spinal cord damage due to a slip and fall accident at a diner in Bridgewater, New Jersey
- Settled a case for $850,000 on behalf of a man who required multiple surgeries because another driver made an improper turn
- Worked to get DWI charges and moving violations dropped in a case because we were able to suppress the results of a blood test that was not properly certified
Some our many verdicts and settlements can be reviewed on our website case results page.
We Have Earned High Praise from Other Lawyers, Our Clients, the Media, and The Woodbridge Community
At Aiello, Harris, Abate, Law Group PC, our injury litigators have received top-tier ratings from legal rating agencies including Avvo, Super Lawyers, and the National Trial Lawyers. We have made presentations on major national TV networks and in the local press, such as CBS, NBC, NJN News, the New York Star Ledger, Philadelphia Inquirer, and Bergen News – to name just a few media sources.
We take complex cases and many cases that other lawyers are afraid to try.
Here are just a few testimonials:
- “Chris Aiello is a very compassionate individual who is a genius when it comes to law. So glad he was on our side.”- Fowler
- “For someone never faced with the justice system before it can be quite scary. The moment I met Mr. Aiello and my attorney Tim Broking I was set at ease…” – James Snyder
- “Aiello, Harris, Abate was by far the best law firm I have ever hired. They were diligent, responsive, persistent, and provided outstanding representation.” – Brandon
Other highly favorable reviews can be found here.
Personal Injury Attorney
Aggressive Advocates for Victims of Personal Injury in Woodbridge
All personal injuries have the power to change your life. Some change your life forever. In the worst accident cases, a loved one is taken away from a family. Our personal injury lawyers are dedicated to proving a person or entity caused your injuries. We leave no stone unturned to get accident victims compensation for every expense they incur, including each moment of suffering, and the inability to enjoy life.
Accident Injury Compensation Can Cover:
- All your medical bills including hospital surgeries, ER visits, doctor visits, medications, and medical equipment
- Every type of therapy including physical therapy, vocational therapy, speech therapy, and emotional therapy
- All the money you lost because you can’t do your job and may never be able to do your job
- Your physical suffering for every ache, muscle twitch, nerve damage, and all other types of pain
- Your emotional suffering because you must cope with worries about your future, and your inability to enjoy your family, friends, hobbies, and other people and activities
- Any scarring or disfigurement
At Aiello, Harris, Abate, Law Group PC, our personal injury attorneys take cases on a contingency fee basis which means we are only paid if we win or the case settles with your approval.
Woodbridge car accident lawyers demand that negligent drivers pay for the injuries they cause
Our auto accident lawyers handle every type of motor vehicle collision. Some of the many auto accident cases we litigate for our clients include:
- Rear-end collisions
- Intersection accidents
- Multiple vehicle accidents
- Single-car crashes
We bring claims against everyone responsible, from reckless drivers to car manufacturers that make faulty vehicles. Our team of car accident attorneys can even pursue the state or a county if they improperly designed the road or failed to maintain it.
Drivers, Passengers, and Families of Those Killed Need Tough New Jersey Motorcycle Accident Lawyers Fighting for them.
Motorcycle accidents often cause death and catastrophic injuries. Motorcycles are simply no match for bigger cars and trucks. When motorcycle riders are in a crash, they almost always fall directly onto a hard surface, possibly hitting their head, breaking multiple bones, or even losing their lives. Our motorcycle accident attorneys hold other drivers liable for failing to obey traffic laws and ignoring your right to drive on the road. We also represent motorcycle passengers who were hurt due to the irresponsible actions of their driver.
Truck accident attorneys hold companies and drivers liable for failing to honor your right to safety
Truck accidents can be due to a product defect, cargo spillage, driving too fast, and for many other reasons. When a truck rolls over, often multiple people are injured in the attempt to avoid the truck. Drivers can be held accountable if they drove while tired, while drunk, because they were distracted, or because they failed to follow the traffic laws. Trucking companies and truck owners can be forced to pay for your damages if they failed to supervise their drivers and if they put profit (more shipments) ahead of public safety.
Strong Advocacy When Property Owners Fail to Make the Insides and Outsides of their Property Safe
At Aiello, Harris, Abate, Law Group PC, our premises liability attorneys hold restaurants, retail stores, apartment complexes, hospitals, offices, and all property owners liable if they fail to take proper precautions to protect the consumers and visitors who walk on their premises.
If you’re hurt in a slip and fall or another type of premises liability accident, it could cause broken bones, spinal cord damage, nerve damage, and other serious and even permanent injuries. Premises liability includes:
- Failing to keep floors and sidewalks dry
- Failing to repair railings and stairs
- Not fixing torn carpets
- Not having proper lighting
- Disregarding security measures
Elevator accidents, swimming pool drownings, dog bites and many other accidents are often the responsibility of the property owner or the company hired to maintain the premises.
Helping Injured New Jersey Employees Get Medical and Wage Compensation for Woodbridge Job Accidents and Illnesses
When a worker in Woodbridge is injured due to any type of workplace accident, the worker has the right to be paid compensation regardless of fault. Our team of workers’ compensation lawyers fights for employees who are injured or become sick on the job. Workers’ compensation benefits typically include two-thirds of your lost wages during the time you cannot work. If you have a permanent disability, you may be entitled to extended wage loss benefits. Injured employees have the right to get medical care for all their injuries so they can, if possible work, again. Some workers are entitled to vocational retraining if they can’t work at their old job. We also fight to make sure you return to work only when you are medically cleared.
Criminal Justice Attorney
Woodbridge NJ Criminal Defense Lawyers Defend Your Rights if You are Charged with Criminal Offenses
Anyone charged with a crime worries that they will lose their freedom. They fear they will lose other valuable rights, too. They are deeply concerned about how a conviction can affect their reputation. Our criminal defense attorneys began their careers as prosecutors. We understand the criminal justice system. That is why we have been able to have many charges dismissed and have successfully had other charges reduced.
At Aiello, Harris, Abate, Law Group PC, we handle a broad range of criminal charges including:
- 1st to 4th-degree charges
- Disorderly and petty disorderly offenses,
- Offenses by juveniles
- Municipal ordinances violations
Clients trust our ability to defend their rights in court and when negotiating with prosecutors. Call us now for affordable criminal defense.
Woodbridge Traffic Ticket Lawyers Help Drivers Defeat or Reduce Traffic Charges
Traffic tickets aren’t simply a matter of paying a small fine and moving on. Even a minor offense can mean that your license may be suspended. Loss of a license can, in turn, mean the loss of a job. Convictions for traffic charges often mean increased insurance premiums for up to three years, substantial fines, insurance surcharges, and financial penalties. In some cases, it can mean having to spend time in jail. Our traffic lawyers in Woodbridge NJ contest tickets for speeding, failing to merge properly, running a red light, and many other New Jersey violations.
Getting Your Criminal Record Expunged Often Means the Difference between Getting a Job and Losing a Job
Many employers run criminal background checks before they hire a job applicant, thus, having a criminal record could be a major hindrance when seeking employment. Although you have paid your debt to society, you are still being punished by not being able to move forward with your life.
Our experienced expungement attorneys can help. Many types of criminal actions can be removed/expunged from your record so they won’t be revealed on a background check. Arrest records, juvenile offenses including drug offenses, misdemeanors, and even felonies may be eligible for expungements. Our team of expungement lawyers takes the necessary steps to expunge records when removal is allowed.
Skilled Woodbridge DUI & DWI Lawyers Understand How to Defend against Criminal Charges and License Revocations
- Spending time in jail
- Losing your license
- Heavy fines and court costs
- Higher insurance premiums
- Longer and more severe penalties if you are convicted again.
We defend DWI/DUI charges by challenging the basis for being stopped, contesting the validity of alcohol tests, and asserting your Constitutional rights. We have successfully had many DWI/DUI charges dismissed or reduced. Do not make the mistake of trying to defend yourself in court. Retain representation from a DUI lawyer in Woodbridge with vast experience and great knowledge of the court system NJ DUI laws.
Tough Drug Offense Lawyers in Woodbridge, New Jersey
At Aiello, Harris, Abate, Law Group PC, our drug crime lawyers in Woodbridge NJ who were former prosecution attorneys, assert every reasonable defense possible to win jury trials, help get drug charges dismissed, evidence thrown out of court, and to get charges reduced. Our attorneys handle numerous drug crimes including:
We also represent those charged with violation of New Jersey’s marijuana laws.
Woodbridge Employment Lawyers Demand that Employers Honor Employee Rights
Our New Jersey employment attorneys fight for financial justice for many different types of employment claims involving employee discrimination and employee labor and civil rights laws. We have more than 250 years of combined trial experience helping workers get justice when employers harass them, fail to hire them or fire them just because of their identity and not their work performance. Our lawyers fight to have wronged employees reinstated and lost benefits paid.
We also seek to enforce severance packages, contracted for benefits, and the rights of shareholders who have been wronged. We contest contract clauses that prevent you from obtaining new employment.
We help employers understand and comply with immigration laws and employer compliance laws so employees can work and consumers can be protected.
Trusted Employee Harassment Lawyers Call for Justice when Employees Are Not Treated with Respect
Workers have the right to feel safe and secure in the workplace. Our Woodbridge harassment lawyers hold employers accountable when they allow owners, managers, co-workers, vendors, and anyone in a position of authority to harass a worker in any way. Harassment includes inappropriate or unwarranted behavior because of a worker’s sex, religion, national origin, and sexual orientation. Sexual harassment is an egregious wrong which, like other harassment offenses, must cease immediately. Employers who allow or fail to monitor harassment in the workplace should pay substantial fines and penalties. They should also be forced to take corrective measures to stop future harassment.
Woodbridge Discrimination Lawyers Holding Employers Liable
No worker should be discriminated against because of identity characteristics including:
Discrimination takes many forms, including harassment, failure to hire, wrongful termination, and hostile work environment. Our team of lawyers seek justice by demanding compensatory damages, punitive damages, legal fees, and other applicable damages when employers fail to follow state and federal laws. We handle all types of discrimination cases before federal and state agencies and in federal and state courts.
Wrongful Termination Lawyers Hold Employers Accountable for Not Following State and Federal Law
Employers can’t fire someone based on their race, sex, and other “protected characteristics” including age, disability, and national origin. They also can’t fire employees for asserting their legal rights such as disclosing that someone else is being harassed at work. If you lost a job or job benefits, our wrongful termination attorneys are ready to hold employers liable for wrongful termination due to failure to obey federal and New Jersey employment and civil rights laws. Accountability includes job reinstatement, compensation for wage and benefit loss, and other damages.
At Aiello, Harris, Abate, Law Group PC, our divorce attorneys guide clients through the difficult transition from marriage to divorce. We understand how upsetting and nerve-wracking it can be to admit a marriage isn’t working. In the middle of the emotional trauma of a divorce and your frustration with a spouse, you do need to make decisions that can save your marital assets and secure your financial future. Our caring lawyers guide spouses through this transition by reviewing your assets, explaining your options including which assets of your spouse you can claim, and helping you negotiate or litigate a fair distribution of your assets.
Our divorce attorneys represent clients who consent and those who don’t. We represent spouses in alternative dispute forums such as mediation and collaborative divorce. If your spouse isn’t being reasonable, we are ready to litigate your case before a judge. The divorce matters we handle for spouses include:
A fair division of the marital assets
Divorces require attorneys who have the experience and respect of other divorce lawyers to protect you as you get ready for the next phase of your life.
Family Law Attorney
Our family law attorneys make clear to clients that they need to resolve all their family law matters when they seek a divorce. Once the decree is entered, your family rights may be denied altogether or may be significantly affected without adequate representation. Likewise, unmarried parents need to determine who will have custody of the children and how the children will be supported. Our family lawyers obtain agreements or court orders in the following matters:
Child custody and support
Equitable distribution of property
Divorces that involve assets of substantial value
Domestic violence protective orders
We often work with financial professionals, child psychologists, and other professionals to help you get the best results for you and your children.
At Aiello, Harris, Abate, Law Group PC, our top-tier tax lawyers advocate for you when you receive a notice that taxes are due or past due. We represent clients before the IRS and before state tax agencies in New Jersey and New York. We also advocate for clients in the U.S. Tax Court, the New Jersey State Tax Court, appellate courts, and even the U.S. Congress. Our tax lawyers have advanced tax degrees and years of relevant experience.
We handle the following types of tax disputes:
Income tax audit challenges
Innocent spouse claims
Estate tax controversies
Responsible person litigation
Civil and criminal structuring cases
Criminal income tax fraud / tax evasion
Property tax appeals
We take civil and criminal cases.
At Aiello, Harris, Abate, Law Group PC , our immigration lawyers appreciate how devastating it can be to be separated from your family and sent out of the country. We understand the difficulties immigrants have in securing visas and admission into the United States. We are deeply concerned that minors may be forced out of the United States even though they were born in America.
The laws on immigration are changing rapidly as are the decisions by judges on the validity of these laws. Our immigration lawyers are keeping current with these changes so we can advise immigrants and families on deportation laws, DACA, and other immigration issues.
An immigration lawyer at our Woodbridge law practice understands that a criminal charge for immigrants is frightening. The difference between an acquittal and a guilty plea can be the difference between staying in American and being forced to leave.
We advocate for immigration clients in the following matters:
Immigrant Criminal defense
Our immigration lawyers work with employment lawyers, criminal defense lawyers, civil trial lawyers, and family lawyers to help address all your immigration concerns including employment visas, citizenship, and naturalization.
Constant phone calls, numerous collection letters, borrowing from one creditor to pay another. The stress of being behind on your bills can be overwhelming especially if it means your house is being foreclosed or your car is being repossessed.
There is help. Bankruptcy protection can stop collection efforts immediately. In many cases, you can save your home and other property. In most cases, you can get a fresh start.
Our bankruptcy lawyers advise debtors that there are two ways to file for bankruptcy. In a Chapter 7 bankruptcy, you can eliminate your unsecured debts. Often, you can reaffirm a secured debt such as a car loan to keep your vehicle. Chapter 7 debtors are entitled to exempt some or all of their assets depending on how valuable they are.
Chapter 13 bankruptcy
In a Chapter 13 bankruptcy, you file a plan to pay off the arrears on secured debts such as a mortgage. By paying the arrears and continuing to pay future payments, you can usually save your home and any assets that are secured by a creditor.
Chapter 7 or 13 Bankruptcy
Our bankruptcy lawyers explain the eligibility requirements for filing for Chapter 7 or 13. We prepare the necessary court filings, represent you at the creditors’ meeting, and follow through with you until your debts are discharged or your plan is completed. We also help with pre-bankruptcy credit counseling.
Please know that many people like yourself, get into debt through unfortunate circumstances such as the loss of a job, high medical bills, divorce, or other reasons. Please contact us to learn how we can help you get a fresh financial start.
Speak with a Premier Woodbridge Trial Attorney by Contacting Us Now
Insurance companies, employers, your spouse, the government, and creditors all will likely have a lawyer on their side. You need an attorney who will fight for you. One who has the experience, reputation, and tenacity to fight for your rights and to demand justice. For six decades, the lawyers at Aiello, Harris, Abate, Law Group PC, have helped clients get strong results and secure new starts in Woodbridge and all of Middlesex County NJ. To talk with our caring lawyers, please phone us at (908) 561-5577 or contact us to schedule a free consultation. | <urn:uuid:c3807117-4e7c-401f-a25b-621a36c0a164> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://aielloharris.com/areas-served/woodbridge-nj/ | 2024-04-13T22:26:59Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.9541 | 4,326 | 4,989 |
Do you have problems with your Xiaomi 13 Ultra?
Maybe it's overheating or has problems with charging, apps, screen, or battery?.
If your device has any of the above issues, don’t worry.
Well, you’re in luck; in this article, I’ve shared common issues of the Xiaomi 13 Ultra and solutions, tips, and tricks to fix them all in this guide.
Xiaomi 13 Ultra Common Problems Solutions Tips & Tricks
- 1.1 Xiaomi 13 Ultra Overheating
- 1.2 Xiaomi 13 Ultra Screen not working properly
- 1.3 Slow or Laggy User Interface on Xiaomi 13 Ultra
- 1.4 Xiaomi 13 Ultra Fast Battery Drain
- 1.5 Cellular Network Issues and Mobile Data not working on Xiaomi 13 Ultra
- 1.6 Slow Charging on Xiaomi 13 Ultra
- 1.7 Apps related issues of Xiaomi 13 Ultra
- 2 Conclusion
Xiaomi 13 Ultra Common Problems Solutions Tips & Tricks
Let's first take a look at the specs of this device.
|Xiaomi 13 Ultra
|2023, April 21
|Android 13, MIUI 14
|Snapdragon 8 Gen 2
|12/16 GB RAM
|256GB/512GB/1TB storage, no card slot
|50MP, 4320p video
|6.73", 1440x3200 pixels
|5000mAh, Li-Po Battery
The Xiaomi 13 Ultra is a fantastic phone, and I recommend it to everyone. But, as with any device, there are some problems with it.
Smartphones are complicated, and it's not easy to make a perfect device with no issues.
Therefore even after years of experience in the domain quality testing, smartphone manufacturers sometimes fail to sort out all the issues with the device before the launch.
But don't worry, in this guide, I have covered all the Xiaomi 13 Ultra problems and their solutions/fixes.
Xiaomi 13 Ultra Overheating
The three components responsible for overheating are the phone's SoC(commonly known as the processor), second is the phone's battery, and third the screen.
It's expected for the phone to heat up a little. However, you can use the following trick to check if your phone is overheating.
The best way to test if your phone is really "Overheating" is by placing the phone on your ears and cheeks, just like you do while talking on a voice call.
If you feel uncomfortable due to the heat, then yes, your Xiaomi 13 Ultra is overheating. Follow the steps below to fix it.
Fix Xiaomi 13 Ultra Overheating under Normal Use
If your phone heats up only while charging, skip to the next section.
The most common cause of smartphone heating issues is the SoC, commonly called a processor, and the screen when used with high brightness.
When your smartphone uses the processor aggressively, it heats up.
Now to keep optimal phone temperature and prevent the heating problem, the heat is passed to the screen, and then it dissipates the heat to the air and your hands.
The best working fix is a firmware update. Overheating and lots of other issues are fixed by manufacturers via a firmware update. Therefore I recommend you to check for updates and update your Xiaomi 13 Ultra if available.
Sometimes, there are multiple firmware updates, and these updates are installed one by one. So, make sure you install all available updates.
Causes & Solutions of Heating Problem in Xiaomi 13 Ultra
Heating while doing the following things on your smartphone is expected. Read the tips after each activity to minimize it.
While gaming, your phone will heat up. It is normal. Take small breaks to let your Xiaomi 13 Ultra cool down.
Get rid of the Bulky Case. A Bulky Case does not mean that your device will stay safe from falls. The best cases are the cases that have thicker corners.
Make sure you use apps from well-regarded developers and that you install all apps from the Play Store.
Buggy apps can overheat your smartphone. Update apps to fix the overheating issue.
Extended Video Recording
The camera on your device drains the battery quickly if used for a long time. Unfortunately, it also overheats your phone.
Using the camera with the flash on will heat Xiaomi 13 Ultra and drain the battery faster. So, turn off the flash if it is not required.
Running anything Resource Hungry
Running anything resource-hungry can heat your Xiaomi 13 Ultra. Apart from gaming, editing videos, WiFi-Hotspot, screen mirroring, streaming are the common resource-hungry tasks.
Fix Xiaomi 13 Ultra Overheating while Charging
It is common for a smartphone to heat while charging. The phone heats because the charger has to provide sufficient power to charge the device's battery. The new Fast-chargers are anywhere between 30W to 120W when writing this article.
Manufacturers can fix most problems via a firmware update; therefore, I recommend you to check for updates and update your Xiaomi 13 Ultra if available.
Sometimes, there are multiple firmware updates, and these updates are installed one by one.
So, make sure you install all available updates.
Remove the case while your phone is charging. Without the case, your Xiaomi 13 Ultra will be able to dissipate heat better and faster.
Only use the original/compatible charger. It is recommended that you use a charger from the brand itself or a charger certified by your smartphone brand.
Do not play games while your phone is charging.
As I told you above, heating while charging is typical and expected from the smartphone.
But if you play games, the game will use the processor's resources heavily, and the processor will also heat up. Battery and processor both heating up at the same time can be dangerous.
Charge your phone in a Cool Environment.
If you place your phone under sunlight, it heats up. But, unfortunately, we often don't think about it outdoors and charge our devices under direct sunlight.
Don't leave your phone inside the car under direct sunlight. Instead, put it in a glove box.
Disable fast charging from the settings app. If your smartphone doesn't have a feature to disable fast charging, you can use an old charger.
If the above tips didn't help, your charging port might have been damaged. Visit the nearest authorized service center to get your diagnosed and fixed.
Xiaomi 13 Ultra Screen not working properly
One of the significant problems you can face when using the Xiaomi 13 Ultra is that its screen is not working correctly.
As we know, the display is the most crucial component in a smartphone. So if your screen is not working properly, it can be a significant problem.
It is one of the worst problems you can face when using a new device.
Fix Screen Issues on Xiaomi 13 Ultra
There are many reasons why the Xiaomi 13 Ultra could not be working properly.
The first fix you should try is restarting your phone. It will work most of the time if it doesn't try the following solutions.
It is the most common reason for poor screen performance. Dirty screens are caused by dirt, dust, oil, grease, or liquid over the screen.
If your screen is dirty, you can clean it by wiping it with a soft cloth.
Do not use alcohol or other chemicals to clean the screen because alcohol may damage the oleophobic coating on the screen.
Over time screen protectors wear out and make it hard for your phone to register touches. So, remove the screen protector and install a new one.
Power Saving Mode
Check if the phone has power-saving mode enabled. Power Saving Mode works by throttling down the performance of the device.
Typically, this mode is disabled after Xiaomi 13 Ultra is charged 15% and above.
Sometimes water makes its way to the inside of the screen. Sometimes it is visible, while other times, it is not.
If you suspect your phone has water damage, turn it off ASAP and put it inside the rice. If you turn on your phone with water inside it, the components such as the motherboard might get fried. You will have to get the entire motherboard replaced.
Leave it inside rice for at least 24 hours. Then, if it still doesn't work, the best thing to do is to take it to an authorized service center to get it repaired.
A damaged screen is one of the causes of an unresponsive screen. A smartphone screen has three major parts, the top layer is the glass, the second layer is the display, and the third layer is a touchscreen digitizer.
Remove the case(if installed) and carefully inspect the phone for cracks, dents, or discoloration. It's much easier to spot cracks under sunlight. If you see a rectangular grid, don't worry. It's the touchscreen digitizer, and it is expected to be there.
If you see any cracks, dents, or discoloration, your phone's screen has physical damage. Most of the time, the display needs to be replaced.
I recommend visiting a brand-authorized service center to get it replaced.
Slow or Laggy User Interface on Xiaomi 13 Ultra
One of the major issues that people complain about most frequently is the laggy/sluggish user interface on the Xiaomi 13 Ultra. A laggy UI means that the animations might stutter. Also, it takes longer to open an app or do anything on your phone.
If the UI is laggy, it hampers the experience of your phone. And it will make using it very frustrating.
Sometimes the screen freezes as well.
So, if you are facing any type of sluggish user interface on your Xiaomi 13 Ultra, you should try these solutions.
Fix Laggy UI in Xiaomi 13 Ultra
No Storage Space
This is probably the most common reason for a laggy UI on any device.
When there isn't enough storage space on your device, all sorts of things start happening. For example, apps get deleted automatically, and critical data is corrupted. And it affects the overall performance of your phone.
So make sure you have enough storage space on your device. If you don't, you should clean up some apps from your phone and free up some space.
Lack of Memory
RAM is short for Random Access Memory. It is the device's working memory where all your apps, documents, music, videos, photos, etc., are stored.
The more RAM you have, the better it is for multitasking. At the time of writing this article, phones have 1GB to 18GB of RAM. However, most phones only have between 4 to 8GB of RAM.
If you have multiple apps, uninstall unnecessary apps. These apps are eating up the RAM on your phone. The more apps, the more RAM usage. So there is no available space in RAM for the operating system.
You can also install the lite version of apps like Facebook, Messenger, Twitter, Youtube, and more.
The older version of Android is prone to Improper RAM management; therefore, I recommend you to update your phone to the latest firmware.
Your phone might be infected with malware, which is slowing down the device's speed. If you doubt that your phone is infected, you can check it using a virus scanner.
There are many excellent and reliable virus scanners available in the market. I recommend you use one of them to scan your phone.
The device is old
If you have an old phone and the phone is still working fine, the laggy user interface is likely caused by the phone's hardware.
Over time the hardware of a phone may wear out and become slow. You can not do anything other than buying a new phone in such cases.
Xiaomi 13 Ultra Fast Battery Drain
Does your Xiaomi 13 Ultra have a poor battery life? The fast battery drain on your device could be due to several factors—anything from a bug in your phone's firmware or an app to hardware issues such as a dying battery.
Fix poor battery life of Xiaomi 13 Ultra
High Screen Brightness is one of the biggest culprits of battery drain.
If you are constantly watching videos or browsing the internet, the screen will consume a lot of battery. Therefore, you need to check the screen brightness settings and lower them if necessary.
The screen can automatically adjust its brightness. To check the automatic adjustment, go to Settings > Display > Brightness and turn on "Adaptive Brightness."
WiFi, Bluetooth & GPS
Using WiFi, Bluetooth, and GPS on your phone drains a lot of battery.
It's because these three features use up a lot of power. In addition, these three features are used by many applications on your phone for syncing and communicating with other devices.
When enabled on your phone, they can cause a significant drain on the battery. Therefore, you should keep these three OFF and turn them ON only when needed.
If you just updated your Xiaomi 13 Ultra firmware, the new software likely has some bugs that shortened its battery life.
When manufacturers release a new Android update, the new Android is often released without fixing all bugs.
These bugs can be fixed with a firmware upgrade or downgrade. A firmware upgrade is easy.
Make sure you are running the latest firmware available for your phone. If the version you are using is not the latest one, you should update it immediately.
If no firmware update is available, factory reset your phone. If resetting your phone didn't work, you might be considering a firmware downgrade.
Firmware downgrade is tough. Therefore I do not recommend you do it by yourself. Instead, visit an Authorized Service Center.
If your phone is two or more years old, maybe it's time for a battery replacement. According to battery university, battery capacity drops as much as 22% in the first year of use.
Battery problems start as your device gets older. So, if your Xiaomi 13 Ultra is two or more years old, then most probably, it is time to replace the battery.
You can also replace the battery on your own. But it is not a piece of cake. Therefore I recommend you to get it replaced by an authorized service center.
Just like the firmware, the apps installed on your phone themselves could be responsible for the fast battery drain. This is why I recommend you to install/download apps from Google Play Store only.
Uninstall any Junk Cleaning App, RAM Booster App, Battery Booster App, Antivirus App, Mod Apps, and other similar apps. These apps don't just slow down your phone. They can even cause it to freeze or shut down!
These Apps/Activities use the battery excessively
Games use a vast amount of resources from the processor. Usually, the processor is idle, but it's in a full-on state while gaming.
Using Screen mirroring can drain your battery very quickly. Make sure your screen is mirrored when required if you use this feature.
Don't mirror the entire screen all the time. Instead, you can use the "Handheld" mode to mirror just the part of the screen you are using.
If the above tips didn't work, there could be hardware problems other than the battery. Take your phone to the nearest authorized service center for a better diagnosis.
Cellular Network Issues and Mobile Data not working on Xiaomi 13 Ultra
A cellular network is the most crucial part of any smartphone, and if it doesn't work properly, it becomes a real headache for the users. Many users face cellular network issues on the Xiaomi 13 Ultra.
If you are using the Xiaomi 13 Ultra on a weak cellular network, your phone can not maintain a stable connection and might not transmit data at all.
This can cause a Mobile Data Problem and Call Reception Problem.
Fix Cellular Network & Mobile Data on Xiaomi 13 Ultra
I will start with the easy solutions that work most of the time.
Turn on Flight mode and then turn it off on your smartphone. When you turn on Flight mode, the phone disconnects from the cellular network, WiFi and Bluetooth.
This simple on/off fixes most things in the world, so it works here as well.
If the Flight mode didn't do the trick, Restarting your phone is the next best fix. If it didn't work as well, move to the next tip.
Exhausted Mobile Data
I had to add this point for our readers from India. Unlike the rest of the world, Indians get a daily Bandwidth. After this daily bandwidth is over, the speed is capped at 64 Kbps.
- Make sure you have an active mobile data plan.
- Make sure that you have not exhausted the daily bandwidth
Reinsert the SIM
Sometimes, a simple fix as removing and reinstalling the sim works.
Open the Settings app and Turn on Data Roaming. Once you turn on Data Roaming, your phone will restore the internet connection on your device.
The "Preferred network type" decides the network mode on your device. For example, most phones have 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G.
If you choose 5G, and there is no 5G network available at your location, your phone will not get any signal. Therefore I recommend using "Automatic."
Reset Network Settings
The name itself pretty much explains what it does. Follow the steps below to reset the Network Settings.
- Open Settings of App on your Xiaomi 13 Ultra
- Scroll down and click on “System.”
- Tao on “Reset options.”
- Tap on “Reset WiFi, mobile, and Bluetooth.”
- Tap “Reset settings.”
If you can't find "Reset options," click on the search button on the settings app and search for it.
None of the above solutions worked?
Install the SIM on a different phone. If that device gets a signal, there is an issue with the SIM card slot on your phone.
If it doesn't get any signal, the sim is dead, or there is a cellular network issue in your area. Call the Carrier for a new SIM.
Slow Charging on Xiaomi 13 Ultra
Is your Xiaomi 13 Ultra charging slowly? It could be caused by several factors such as the Charger, USB Cable, Overheating, and more.
Fix slow charging on Xiaomi 13 Ultra
Make sure that you are using a compatible charger with your phone. For example, the phone can sometimes charge at higher speeds with a Fast Charger than the charger provided in the box.
Fast-charging often only works with the charger from the brand itself.
E.g., I remember Oneplus Nord(2020) can charge at 30W with the charger included in the box, but a 30W charger from MI doesn't charge Oneplus Nord at 30W.
What if you're using a charger which a charger from the brand itself and it still doesn't charge the device at High Speed? or It used to charge at high speeds, and now it doesn't charge at high speed?.
Well, both these can be issues are caused by an Improper connection. So first, ensure that the charger is correctly plugged into the socket and the USB cable that connects the charger and the phone is connected correctly (All the way) and is not loose.
Most of the time, for your phone to detect that it's connected to a fast charger, it needs a connection to all four contacts of the USB Cable. If it doesn't contact all 4, it will charge slowly.
One more reason for slow charging is -
Dust in your phone's socket
It is very common for the dust to accumulate inside the phone's socket and when you charge your phone, the dust stuck inside prevents fast charging.
As I mentioned above, your phone needs to connect with all four contacts of the USB cable for fast charging. Sometimes, dust in the phone, charger, or USB Cable can prevent it.
You can clean it yourself, but make sure to use a non-conductive material such as a toothpick.
Faulty USB Cable
One of the most tortured components is cable. Cables of Earphones, Headphones, and USB Cables go through many twisting, squeezing, and troubling.
Therefore, if you face slow charging problems with your Xiaomi 13 Ultra, there might be a problem with the USB cable. Wires in USB Cables often break, and the damage is not visible because of the cover of the USB Cable.
Try using a different cable that you own. You can also borrow your friends. If the charging works, voila, you found the culprit. Buy a new USB cable that's compatible with the charger.
Note: As I explained the fast charger situation above. Unfortunately, fast-charging often only works with brand-issued cables.
E.g., If you use a 30W charger from Oneplus and a Type C cable to charge Oneplus Nord, it will charge at normal speeds; it won't utilize the WRAP Charging feature.
The charger works or doesn't; therefore, slow charging due to a half-dead charger is unlikely to happen. But anything is possible with electronics. Thus I include this point.
Try a different charger to check if the issue is fixed.
Overheating is also one of the common causes of slow charging. All devices warm up a little during charging expected.
But if your device is overheating during charging, the phone's software will slow down the charging speed to protect the phone from catching fire.
Check out the fixing overheating problems of the Xiaomi 13 Ultra for more info.
One of the reasons for the slow charging is that your phone might have buggy firmware.
The firmware is a crucial part of a phone, and it manages everything. Therefore, if the firmware is buggy, you will face problems like slow charging.
Firmware bugs are fixed with a firmware update. Therefore go to settings and update your phone.
Fix Apps Open Slowly on Xiaomi 13 Ultra
No Storage Space
No Free Storage Space in Internal Memory is the most common reason behind apps opening slowly on Xiaomi 13 Ultra.
Keeping at least 40% of the internal storage free is recommended.
You can free up storage by-
- Uninstalling all Unused Installed Apps
- Deleting old Media from Whatsapp
- Download and use Lite Versions of Apps from Play Store
If, after deleting everything, you still can not free up space, factory reset is the last option.
Lack of Memory
The other reason for Apps opening slow on your phone cloud be the lack of free RAM for the operating system.
You can uninstall unnecessary apps and use the lite version of apps available in the Play Store.
Fix Apps not downloading from the Play Store on Xiaomi 13 Ultra
It is a common problem not only in Xiaomi 13 Ultra but also in other Android Smartphones. You can fix this issue by-
Turn on Airplane mode and then turn it off. Then, as your phone reconnects the network, it often fixes the issue.
Restart your phone and then try to download the apps again. It is a proven solution and works most of the time.
Clear Play Store Cache
If Restart didn't fix it, clearing Play Store's cache will fix it.
Fix Apps or Games crash suddenly on Xiaomi 13 Ultra
Are you trying to use an app or play a game, but it crashes? Well, don't worry, I've got you covered. Try the following to fix sudden app crashes-
If the app is on Google Play Store, update it from there.
Suppose you downloaded it from the internet, which I don't recommend. But I will assume that you know what you are doing and the consequences.
Then I would suggest you try different versions of the app. Try the latest three versions.
Clear Cache & App Data
Go to Settings > Apps > Choose the app that's not working and then clear its cache and clear App Data.
If none of the above tricks worked, you could try reinstalling the app.
If none of the tricks fixed your sudden crashing apps on your Xiaomi 13 Ultra, most probably, the app is not compatible with your device.
In this guide, I shared common problems of the Xiaomi 13 Ultra and its solutions.
If you have any other problems which I didn't mention, or If the solutions didn't work, share them in the comments section below.
Our team will try their best to fix them all!. | <urn:uuid:712bb3f5-e129-4beb-b761-688d91dc26d3> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://androidcatch.com/common-problems-of-xiaomi-13-ultra-and-solutions/ | 2024-04-13T23:08:06Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.923606 | 5,257 | 5,878 |
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Cooking is the core of who I am. It’s my work, my craft, my passion, my spirituality, my entire existence. Cooking makes me feel alive and challenges me to be better every time I’m in the kitchen. Long before I had earned the title of chef, cooking gave me a sense of purpose and belonging as a child when I would help my grandmother prepare food for the family. Cooking is also the driving force behind my journey of self-discovery — a journey that has led me to open four Twin Cities restaurants in the span of 18 years and that has taken me around the world and back to my birth country.
My father died when I was 18 months old, and shortly after that, my mother and I fled war-torn Laos to seek refuge in Thailand. We stayed in the refugee camps for two and a half years, until my great uncle sponsored us to come to the United States. Upon arriving in Minnesota in 1984, my mother set out to provide for our family and took on multiple jobs, including working as a cook at Sawatdee Thai in the evenings.
Before we immigrated to America, I hadn’t spent a moment without my mother. She was my entire world, so losing her to work was so hard. I rarely had time with her, so when she was home, I was glued to her side. My love for cooking began in those moments watching her prepare our family meals. I would even tag along to Sawatdee and hang out in the kitchen while she was working the line. Since then, the kitchen has been my home.
When I was seven years old, my mother remarried and moved us to California. Unfortunately, I didn’t fit in with my new blended family and missed my home in Minnesota. So when I was 11, my mother sent me back to Minnesota to live with my 70-year-old grandmother. That was such a traumatic experience for me; even though I put on a brave face, I felt so scared and alone.
I felt like I’d been abandoned by my own mother, like I’d lost the only person I had. Her actions also seemed to validate everything that my aunts and uncles had labeled me after my father’s death — weak, hopeless and at a disadvantage in life. Their words haunted me so much that I was always praying for a miracle.
Then I discovered the word “resilient” and became determined that this would be me, that I wasn’t doomed like everyone said I was. Whenever the people around me made me feel small, I’d close my eyes and remember the words my mother would whisper in my ear: ote ton, meaning “stay strong.” That simple yet powerful phrase is the greatest gift my mother gave me, and it has carried me through so many hardships in life.
When I was a freshman in high school, my mother and stepfather moved back to Minnesota. I told my mother upon graduating that I wanted my own restaurant, which she immediately shot down. She explained that working in a restaurant was not the life she wanted for me — she wanted more for me, to see me sitting behind a desk wearing nice clothes. She felt that in order to achieve that goal, I needed to go to college and get a degree in anything but culinary studies.
To honor my mother’s wishes, I went to San Diego State University and earned a bachelor’s degree in liberal studies with the intention of becoming a teacher. But when I started my student teaching, I realized that my heart was not in the classroom. My creativity felt stifled, and I didn’t have the freedom that fuels my soul. I longed for the excitement, the sounds and the smells of the kitchen.
In 2005, out of nowhere my mother called and explained that while she was out for a walk in her Brooklyn Park neighborhood, she saw a Restaurant for Sale sign. She suggested I look into it. I was so confused, because this was the same person who had told me “no” seven years ago. But if she was going to tell me “yes” now, I wasn’t going to hesitate. Without seeing the space, I knew I wanted it. I went straight to the bank, walked out with a check for $150,000 and flew back to Minnesota to open my first restaurant, Lemon Grass Thai Cuisine.
At just 25, I was young and stupid when I made that decision (though “fearless” probably sounds better now). I didn’t have a business plan or any plan really, so I winged the whole thing. I found a lawyer online to help me finalize the transaction. I maxed out all my credit cards to repaint the space and remove the smelly carpets. I didn’t have any money left to stock my walk-in cooler, so I sold my car and walked instead. I was so determined to make it work.
We opened the doors to our first guest two weeks later. I couldn’t afford to hire anyone, so the Lemon Grass team consisted of my mother, my cousin and myself. Because we were such a small operation, we were able to survive the Great Recession. Then business started to boom. By 2011, I had saved enough money to expand from 10 tables to 20.
With the success of Lemon Grass, I knew I had it in me. I had long dreamed of building a restaurant from the ground up — something I could really pour my heart into. I wanted a menu that was a reflection of me and also yearned to inch my way closer to the city, so I settled for the western Twin Cities suburb of Golden Valley. But I didn’t want to play it safe with the food; I wanted to push the boundaries.
At that time, I was really missing my grandmother, who had passed away in 2004. I found myself cooking her favorite dishes as a way to comfort myself, replaying those memories of her in my mind and tasting them on my palate. When I opened Lat14 in 2018, I wanted to honor her life and her passion for taking care of others. Focused on the diverse, flavorful cuisine found along latitude 14, the menu is a combination of my past and my future, reflecting my growth as a chef and restaurateur.
That’s when the public started to take notice of me. They were curious about the girl who was flipping a former Perkins into a posh Asian eatery in the suburbs of Minneapolis. As I started getting more attention, people wanted to know my story, which forced me to have a tough conversation with myself: Who am I? What am I doing? With everyone watching, that was a scary conversation. But it was also the beginning of my truth.
I started to realize I don’t need to be Asian enough or American enough — I just need to be me. I need to do what feels right for me and serves my purpose. Through Lat14, people got to see that my restaurants don’t fit into a stereotypical box. I wanted my guests to come for the delicious Southeast Asian–inspired dishes and stay for the drinks and vibe. Later that year, Rick Nelson of the Star Tribune gave me the title Maverick of the Year, and that’s when I truly felt I was Ann Ahmed. Not too Asian nor too American — just me.
I have always wanted to own an eatery in Minneapolis, but I never would have thought that opportunity would arise during a global pandemic. Opening a restaurant was the last thing on my mind at that time, but I knew that if I wanted to see change that I needed to be a part of that change. I was hopeful for our city after the social uprising that followed George Floyd’s murder, and this would be a way to create jobs and help revive our industry. In October 2021, I opened Khâluna, named for the Buddhist teaching about compassion. During that time of collective struggle, I felt like we all needed to show one another some compassion.
My design inspiration for Khâluna was born out of the pandemic, when we were all stuck at home. Like most, I dreamt of tranquil beauty, nature and escape. My goal was to make guests feel like they’re on vacation by stimulating all their senses. Khâluna quickly became a destination experience, but without the long airport lines and TSA security checks.
I kept telling myself that Khâluna was the last restaurant I was going to open, but then another opportunity presented itself. My husband, Tarique, reminded me of my dream to create a restaurant heavily influenced by my Lao roots. I agreed to do a walk-through of the space, and it just spoke to me. I was immediately inspired by my favorite city in Laos, Luang Prabang. Gai Noi opened in Minneapolis’s Loring Park neighborhood last May, with an easygoing vibe that encourages guests to come as they are.
I don’t like to be called an expert in Lao cuisine since I left my birth country at the age of two. I am still learning and am always searching for answers myself. What I want to share with guests is my interpretation of Lao food, why it’s important to me and how it’s part of who I am as a Lao American.
Every time I work on a new restaurant project, it becomes my obsession, just as cooking challenges me to create something more delicious than the last time. When a guest enjoys my food, it makes me feel worthy and needed — the exact opposite of that little girl who felt like she wasn’t wanted by her own mother. I’m slowly healing from my childhood trauma through cooking. It has been a bumpy journey — one filled with heartache, sorrow, mistakes and growth. But it’s my journey, and given the choice I’d do it all over again, because it led me to where I am today.
I started my first eatery solo, but oftentimes reaching your dreams requires being surrounded by people who believe in you. I started to feel that support when I met my husband. Up until that point, I felt destined to fail, just how everyone said I would. Tarique saw the exact opposite in me: a girl filled with hopes that he wanted to help make a reality. Learning to trust and accept help has allowed me to grow as a chef and as a person. Every single evolution I’ve experienced has strengthened my connection with my core and my foundation as a Laotian woman who grew up in the American Midwest.
Throughout my career, I felt like I had to pick between growing my business and having children — that the two couldn’t go hand-in-hand. When I was 35, I chose to get pregnant with my twins and still focus on my work. I remember at one point I was cooking at the wok station and couldn’t reach the wok because my belly was in the way. I was so hormonal that I would sometimes lock myself in the employee bathroom and just cry. But those nine months flew by so quickly, and before I knew it, I had the cutest little faces to stare at. My now nine-year-old twins, Maxwell and Emma, are such a blessing. They gave me something I had been seeking for so long: a family of my own.
Choosing to have children and still run my restaurants has come with its own set of responsibilities and consequences. I have been told by women in my circle that I can’t do both — that I can’t be a great mother if I’m still working full-time, that it’s selfish to be away from my children, that I’m going to miss all the milestones in their lives. Of course, I feel guilty not being able to put my twins to bed every night, but I also know that I wouldn’t have been happy with myself if I had walked away from my restaurants to focus solely on my family. I am definitely not a traditional mom; instead, I’m charting my own path in parenthood. I only hope that my twins will appreciate this shared journey.
Now that I have my own children, I’m able to better understand the decision my mother made when she sent me away to live with my grandmother. Ever since I opened Lemon Grass, she has been my biggest supporter and has put my needs before her own without ever asking for anything in return. This is the love of a mother that I was not able to see until I became a mother myself.
These days, I want to give my aging mother everything and share as many experiences with her as possible. That’s why our recent trip to Laos was so important to me. I know that she’s proud of me, but I wanted her to bask in the glory of her success in how I turned out, to experience firsthand her daughter being invited to cook Lao food for native Laotians at the luxurious Rosewood Luang Prabang resort. I am successful because of her.
Laos should feel foreign because I left as an infant, but for some reason it doesn’t feel that way. I remember returning to my birthplace when I was 29 years old and looking out the window as the plane descended upon the jungles, the mountains and the mighty Mekong River. When I first set foot outside the airport, it felt strangely comforting despite being so new to me. Traveling throughout Laos, I was mesmerized by its simple beauty and tranquility. These trips to my home country remind me to slow down, breathe and enjoy life’s small moments.
Before my recent dinner at the Rosewood Luang Prabang, I felt so anxious that my Lao cooking wouldn’t be authentic enough. Then when I saw the list of notable guests who would be in attendance, I fell down a rabbit hole of self-doubt and started to question myself as a chef: Am I Lao enough to cook this meal for all these important guests at a luxury hotel like the Rosewood? Am I skilled enough to represent myself as a Lao American?
I had to remind myself that this invitation to be a guest chef at the Rosewood is one of the most honorable invitations of my career — to be able to showcase my skills as a Lao American chef at a luxury property in my home country. When Adrien, the hotel manager, invited me, I almost couldn’t believe they had chosen me for this experience. But he believed in me, and I wasn’t going to disappoint him. This opportunity aligned beautifully with who I am as a chef at the moment: I am a Lao refugee who fled her home country and is now returning to cook in her homeland with her mother and children in the audience. I was not going to let my trauma take this spotlight away from me.
Beforehand, I was also nervous about preparing the meal in a foreign kitchen and working with a completely different staff, especially since I’m not a super fluent Lao speaker. Most of all, I was worried they wouldn’t accept me as a Lao American presenting a non-traditional menu. But when I got there, I found a team of almost entirely women under the age of 30 who were so excited to work with me. They swarmed around me, trying to learn as much as possible during our few days together. I immediately felt inspired by these young women, and their curiosity to study my palate made me want to cook the best flavors for them.
The guest list for the evening was one of the most diverse audiences I’ve ever cooked for, including a group of friends from Napa, California, a lovely couple from Brazil, a foodie from Singapore, some native Laotians, a Minnesotan friend who now lives in Bangkok, and Khun Rena Udomkunnatum, owner of the Rosewood Luang Prabang. It was such an honor to cook for Rena and her friends. My biggest supporters were also amongst the diners, including my husband, my twins, my mother, my stepfather and my in-laws.
The menu I curated was very close to my heart. My welcome bite was a special surprise for my mother: a wild fruit known as mak kall that’s her favorite food. It is such a treat to find thes purplish-blue delicacies at the morning market, because they are foraged in the wild from the tarow palm. I blended the mak kall’s creamy, silky flesh into sticky rice, then seasoned it with a hint of local cane sugar and lightly dusted it with young coconut meat and toasted sesame seeds.
Next, the first course was a quintessential trio of pun (wraps), followed by a Bangladeshi lamb curry that knocked everyone’s socks off. When the guests first saw this dish on the menu, many of them were confused: Why is a Lao American girl cooking Bangladeshi curry in Luang Prabang, Laos? In explaining the inspiration behind the dish, I shared my Bangladeshi love story with them.
In our lifetime, we have different points when we feel that our life begins again. For me, my life started when I met Tarique, which is why this dish is so important to me. My in-laws had very specific criteria for who was going to marry their son, and I didn’t meet any of those. So I did the one thing I know best to earn their acceptance: I cooked my way into their hearts.
The third course was a Laotian feast featuring six different dishes, many of them inspired by my grandmother. The guests especially liked the knapp ped, grilled minced duck marinated with herbs and heavily seasoned with prickly ash from Xiangkhouang province. They commended me for not holding back; some of them were even a little shocked that a Lao American could deliver such bold, fearless flavors. For dessert, I gave the Rosewood chefs complete freedom. It was the perfect way to highlight their talents and close out the meal.
I went into that dinner with so much self-doubt, fearing that the guests would be underwhelmed with my style of Lao cooking. But the menu really helped me stay grounded to who I am. Once I started cooking, I felt more relaxed and confident that the diners were going to love the food, because everything came from the heart. This event was so special in so many ways, giving me a sense of connection and purpose that I didn’t know could exist.
What is my truth? Cooking has helped me deal with my childhood trauma and has also allowed me to express wholeheartedly who I am. My apron is like a superhero cape — I feel so capable and strong when I’m in the kitchen. My truth is that I don’t need anyone’s approval to cook from my heart.
Over the years, my eateries have earned awards and accolades. Lat14 was named one of the 50 best restaurants in the Twin Cities. Khâluna was named one of the top 15 restaurants in the country and also earned James Beard restaurant and chef semifinalist honors. I still remember the morning last September when I found out that Gai Noi had been named one of America’s best new restaurants by The New York Times. I couldn’t believe I was being recognized with one of the highest honors in the industry.
Once I got over the initial shock, I was so proud that my team and I were finally being seen for all our hard work. Yet it was also a bittersweet moment: Of the many messages of congratulations I was receiving, none were from my aunts, uncles or cousins. In that moment, I felt like no matter how successful I am in the public eye, I will never receive that same recognition from my family. I fell back into the mindset that I’m not enough, that I need to work harder, that I need to accomplish more.
But deep down, I know that I am enough. I am grateful for the love and support of my husband and my mother. I’ve done my best to accept that these types of validations aren’t expressed verbally in my family; instead, it’s how they show up for you. Despite our differences, my family has always shown up for me whenever I need them. They just won’t ever tell me how proud they are of me. I have made peace with that, but I hope this ends with my generation. I will make sure that my kids, nieces and nephews know how much we love them and how proud we are of them.
At the end of the day, I’m happiest when I’m cooking Lao food from memory and reliving that special time with my grandmother. Through cooking, I’m learning who I really am and understanding that I am loved, that I am enough. I now realize that I take up space and leave an impression when I exit the room. These are things I failed to see for so many years, because I was so consumed with self-doubt. That’s not completely gone, but I’m in a much better place now, with people and tools to support me. I also make sure I’m taking care of myself as much as I’m taking care of others.
My experience building and working in my restaurants has helped me realize I have earned my confidence and that the obstacles I have faced along the way have given me so much strength. I no longer need validation in everything that I do. Nearly 20 years and four successful restaurants later, I know that I’m capable and strong. I got this. And I’m not done yet. | <urn:uuid:9b5a23ea-e084-4311-8b82-725589067ad7> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://artfulliving.com/chef-ann-ahmed-gai-noi-laos-culinary-journey/ | 2024-04-13T22:47:18Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.98348 | 4,565 | 4,898 |
Two employees of unrelated trading firms were criminally charged in a federal court in New York City with stealing or trying to steal the source code of their employers’ proprietary trading platforms – one individual last week and the other on April 7. Separately, a broker-dealer and its chief executive officer accused last month by the Securities and Exchange Commission of aiding and abetting a client’s purported ongoing manipulative trading activities vehemently disputed such allegations, and said that its customer’s trading represented ordinary market activity. Additionally, the SEC sued 27 firms and individuals for their role in issuing fake news related to certain companies. Fake news? I’ve heard that somewhere before! As a result, the following matters are covered in this week’s edition of Bridging the Week:
- Employees Criminally Charged With Theft of Trade Secrets From Two Financial Services Trading Firms (includes My View);
- Defendants Named in SEC Spoofing Claim Vehemently Dispute Customer’s Trading Violated Law (includes Legal Weeds);
- FINRA Resolves Charges Against Broker-Dealer for Inadequate Controls for Third-Party Payments From Customer Accounts; Hong Kong Regulator Sanctions Yet Another Broker for Similar Offense (includes Compliance Weeds);
- SEC Sues 27 Firms and Individuals Over Fake News to Mislead Investors; and more.
- Employees Criminally Charged With Theft of Trade Secrets From Two Financial Services Trading Firms: One former employee of Susquehanna International Group LP (“SIG”) and another from KCG Holdings, Inc. were criminally charged in federal court with offenses related to the alleged theft of trade secrets from their former employers. In one action last week, Dmitry Sazonov was criminally charged for his alleged attempted theft of proprietary computer code for an SIG trading platform; while in the other, Zhengquang Zhang was criminally charged on April 7 for his alleged theft of proprietary computer code regarding algorithmic models and the trading platforms of KCG. Both cases were initiated by the US Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of New York. According to the complaint against him, Mr. Sazonov was employed as a software engineer by “Firm-1” from July 2004 through February 6, 2017 (“Firm 1” is associated with SIG through Mr. Sazonov’s LinkedIn profile). After he learned that a fellow employee had left SIG on February 3, Mr. Sazonov purportedly copied and converted SIG proprietary source code to PDF format, and subsequently appended separate pieces of the newly created PDF file to innocuous documents and files on his company desktop computer. He then repeatedly attempted to obtain these documents and files after he was later terminated by SIG on February 6. In the second action, Mr. Zhang, a technician employed by KCG from March 2010 through March 2017, was alleged to have stolen proprietary source code and transferred it to an external third-party development site, and also to have accessed the computer desktops of other KCG employees remotely without permission. (Mr. Zhang can also be tied to KCG through his LinkedIn profile.) If convicted, both Mr. Sazonov and Mr. Zhang could be subject to imprisonment up to 10 years and a fine of US $250,000.
My View: When Regulation Automated Trading was first proposed by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission in November 2015, one of the greatest objections was that persons likely subject to the regulation would have to provide to the Commodity Futures Trading Commission and the Department of Justice, upon request and without subpoena, proprietary source code related to their trading systems. The CFTC endeavored to make this requirement more palatable in a November 2016 supplemental proposal by subjecting any request for source code by the CFTC to a heightened process of review. (Click here for background on Regulation AT and the supplemental proposal in the article “Proposed Regulation AT Amended by CFTC; Attempts to Reduce Universe of Most Affected to No More Than 120 Persons” in the November 6, 2016 edition of Bridging the Week.) However, even the revised proposal was widely criticized as inadequate. As current Acting Chairman of the CFTC, J. Christopher Giancarlo said at the time, “The Supplemental Notice before us today … would strip owners of intellectual property of due process of law” by not requiring production of source code solely by a subpoena. “Abrogating the legal rights of property owners is not assuaged by imposing a few additional procedural burdens on the government agency seizing their property.” Even if the defendants in the two criminal actions filed last week are ultimately exonerated, the criminal charges against them provide a fresh reminder of how surreptitiously source code can be stolen, and why it is so important that owners of source code have a say before an objective tribunal in how it might be produced to the government when required by law.
- Defendants Named in SEC Spoofing Claim Vehemently Dispute Customer’s Trading Violated Law: Lek Securities Corporation (“LEK”), a broker-dealer, and Samuel Lek, the firm’s principal owner and chief executive officer, vehemently opposed the motion of the Securities and Exchange Commission filed in March in a federal court in New York City, seeking a preliminary injunction against them for their role in allowing a customer, Avalon FA Ltd, to engage in purported manipulative trading activity through LEK. Separately, Avalon also filed papers opposing the entry of a preliminary injunction against it. In its enforcement action against LEK, Mr. Lek and Avalon, the SEC alleged that Avalon engaged in two types of manipulative conduct: layering and cross-market manipulation involving equities and related options from December 2010 through at least September 2016. The SEC said that LEK and Mr. Lek were aware of Avalon’s improper activities when, among other things, Mr. Lek received an email in May 2012 explicitly describing the layering scheme from an individual who shortly afterwards became an Avalon trade group leader, as well as when regulators, exchanges and other market participants alerted LEK and Mr. Lek on various occasions from 2012 through 2016 that they were concerned Avalon was engaging in layering. (Click here for details of the prior SEC action in the article “US Broker-Dealer, Its CEO and a Non-US Client Sued by SEC for Layering and Other Manipulative Schemes” in the March 12, 2017 edition of Bridging the Week.) In its opposition to the SEC’s motion, LEK and Mr. Lek denied any wrongdoing and claimed that the brokerage firm maintained a “robust program” to prevent layering by any of its clients, including Avalon. LEK, Mr. Lek and Avalon all claimed that Avalon’s alleged spoofing orders were legitimate and disseminated no false information to the market. The defendants argued that there was nothing “false” about any of Avalon’s orders, and that each alleged spoofing order was an order “Avalon was willing to engage in… at the order amounts submitted and necessarily would have been held to them if they had been accepted, which often happened.” Late last month, LEK and Mr. Lek were also charged in a disciplinary proceeding by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority and 10 exchanges with aiding and abetting the alleged manipulative trading of Avalon, as well as other violations. (Click here for further details in the article “Following SEC Action, Broker-Dealer and CEO Also Charged by FINRA and 10 Securities Exchanges With Aiding and Abetting Client’s Layering, Spoofing and Cross-Market Manipulation” in the April 2, 2017 edition of Bridging the Week.)
Legal Weeds: The Securities and Exchange Commission’s enforcement action against LEK, Mr. Lek and Avalon principally charged violations of a general anti-fraud provision of law and a related SEC regulation (Click here to access Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act and SEC Rule 10b-5). Securities law and SEC regulations have no express prohibition against trading conduct sometimes referred to as “spoofing” or “layering.” This contrasts with derivatives law, where the Commodity Futures Trading Commission was provided with both an express anti-spoofing and general anti-fraud law in the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and afterwards enacted a regulation to parallel the general anti-fraud provision. (Click here to access Section 4c(a)(5) (7 US Code § 6c(a)(5)) and here for Section 6(c)(1) (7 US Code § 9(1)) of the Commodity Exchange Act, and here to access CFTC Rule 180.1.) The CFTC has referenced both provisions in enforcement actions that allege spoofing. (Click here for an example in the article “London-Based Futures Trader Arrested, Sued by CFTC and Criminally Charged With Contributing to the May 2010 “Flash Crash” Through Spoofing” in April 22, 2015 edition of Between Bridges.) Currently, a federal appeals court in Chicago is deciding whether the CEA’s anti-spoofing provision is unconstitutionally vague following a criminal action brought against Michael Coscia and his subsequent conviction and imprisonment. (Click here for background in the article “Federal District Court Approves Flash Crash Spoofer’s US $38 Million Settlement; Federal Appeals Court Appears Sympathetic to Michael Coscia’s Claim That Spoofing Prohibition Is Too Vague” in the November 20, 2016 edition of Bridging the Week.)
- FINRA Resolves Charges Against Broker-Dealer for Inadequate Controls for Third-Party Payments From Customer Accounts; Hong Kong Regulator Sanctions Yet Another Broker for Similar Offense: FSC Securities Corporation, a Securities and Exchange Commission-registered broker-dealer, agreed to pay a fine of US $200,000 to resolve a disciplinary action brought by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority claiming that it failed to maintain adequate supervisory controls related to the payment of customers funds to non-approved third parties. Specifically, FINRA alleged that, from March 2009 through April 2010, FSC authorized payments to a bank account controlled by PFG, LLC, an investment fund created by a former employee of FSC. A then-current employee of FSC recommended the PFG fund to his clients, even though it was not approved by FSC and he received a percentage of the management fees generated by the fund. Ultimately, the PFG fund lost “millions of dollars” and the customers who invested in the fund suffered “significant losses,” said FINRA. FINRA claimed that FSC did not have systems or controls to monitor for patterns of payment from multiple clients to a single third party. Unrelatedly, as has now occurred on multiple recent prior occasions, the HK Securities and Futures Commission resolved a disciplinary action against a licensed HK brokerage firm for failure to have adequate safeguards to prevent the risks of money laundering associated with third-party deposits and transfers. (Click here for background on prior similar enforcement actions by the SFC in the article “Another Broker Sanctioned by HK SFC for AML Violations Related to Money Transfers Between Clients and Third Parties” in the April 9, 2017 edition of Bridging The Week.) In this action, SFC claimed that iSTAR International Futures Co. Limited accepted third-party deposits on behalf of clients without appropriate documentation and, in one instance, permitted a payment from a client’s account to the account of one of iSTAR’s own officers. iSTAR agreed to pay a fine of HK $3 million (approximately US $386,000) to resolve this matter.
Compliance Weeds: These unrelated enforcement actions on different sides of the Pacific Ocean remind me how important it is for regulated institutions to maintain something equivalent to a ledger of all problems of any kind that can be readily reviewed to better detect multiple red flags associated with any customer or other person. Too often firms operate in disparate pillars, where problems seen by one division are not associated with problems seen by another, or regulatory issues considered by one control group (e.g., Anti-Money Laundering) are not considered by another control group (e.g., Compliance) for independent regulatory implications. Additionally, sometimes a firm’s monitoring systems are designed to look at multiple problems by single clients, but are not set up to review common problems by multiple clients associated with a single third party or other person (e.g., an internal employee). Enhancements may be in order! (Click here for my related Compliance Weeds associated with the article “Clearing Firm’s Failure to File Suspicious Activity Reports in Response to Red Flags Charged as Violation of FINRA Requirements” in the March 26, 2017 edition of Bridging the Week.)
- SEC Sues 27 Firms and Individuals Over Fake News to Mislead Investors: The Securities and Exchange Commission filed enforcement actions naming 27 individuals and entities for promoting the stocks of multiple public companies through positive spins in published articles and blog entries, while not telling readers that the authors were indirectly paid by the public companies for their bullish sentiments. Moreover, the SEC claimed that in many of the articles the author expressly (and falsely) denied being compensated by the relevant public company. Of the 27 persons named, three are public companies, seven are stock promotion or communication firms, and 17 are individuals, including two chief executive officers, six firm employees and nine writers. All the defendants were charged with committing fraud. To date, 17 of the named defendants have settled their enforcement actions through fines ranging from US $2,200 to US $3 million. In the pending enforcement actions against 10 remaining defendants, the SEC seeks injunctions and fines.
- CFTC Staff Gives OK for US FCM to Post Customer Securities to a UK Individual Segregated Account: The Division of Swap Dealer and Intermediary Oversight authorized an US-based futures commission merchant to post customer-owned securities with its UK affiliate to margin its customers’ foreign futures and foreign options positions executed on a UK-based foreign board of trade and cleared through a central counterparty subject to oversight by the Bank of England as a “regulated clearing house.” As a condition for the DSIO’s relief, the UK affiliate of the US FCM indicated that it would deposit the US FCM’s customers’ securities in an individual client segregation account at the CCP as well as adhering to other conditions. The US FCM claimed it required the relief because under European rules a clearing member must have both legal and beneficial ownership of all securities posted with a European CCP as margin or must have customer consent to treat such securities as if it had such ownership. The DSIO said these requirements are inconsistent with its own rules that generally prohibit an FCM from commingling its own money, securities or property with its customer funds. (Click here to access CFTC Rule 30.7(e).)
Legal Weeds: The relief granted by the DSIO to the US FCM was in the form of a no-action letter. According to the CFTC, a no action letter “binds only the staff of the Division that issued it or the Office of the General Counsel with respect to the specific fact situation and persons addressed by the letter.”
- Financial Conduct Authority Seeks Comments on Proposed Distributed Ledger Technology Regulation: The UK Financial Conduct Authority issued a discussion paper on distributed ledger technology and seeks feedback through July 17. Although the FCA acknowledged that there is no single formal definition of DLT, it observed that DLT can be described “as a set of technological solutions that enables a single, sequenced and cryptographically-secured record of activity to be safely distributed to, and acted upon by a network of varied participants.” The FCA said that, while it is technology neutral, it seeks to understand through comments the risks and opportunities of DLT, and how use of DLT might be impacted by its regulations. Among other things, the FCA queried how a firm can demonstrate “appropriate outsourcing arrangements” when it relies on DLT and “what governance arrangements do firms plan to have in place when using applications on public, permissioned networks?”
Helpful to Getting the Business Done: The FCA discussion paper is quite thoughtful and provides an excellent primer for those trying to understand what DLT is. It will be interesting to see whether DLT would qualify as an approved storage medium under the Commodity Futures Trading Commission’s proposed revisions to its record-retention rules. (Click here for background on these proposed new rules in the article “New Records Retention Regime for 21st Century Proposed by CFTC” in the January 16, 2017 edition of Bridging the Week.)
- FinCEN Updates Advisory Regarding Problematic Jurisdictions: The Financial Crimes Enforcement Network issued a revised advisory setting forth jurisdictions that have “strategic deficiencies” in anti-money laundering and Countering the Financing of Terrorism standards and thus require countermeasures (North Korea) or enhanced due diligence (Iran). In addition, FinCEN noted that the Financial Action Task Force has added Ethiopia to the list of countries having AML/CFT deficiencies. The list already includes Afghanistan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Iraq, Laos, Syria, Uganda, Vanuatu and Yemen.
- ESMA Clarifies Which Products May Be Eligible for Portfolio Margin: The European Securities and Markets Authority issued an opinion setting forth when a clearing organization (“CCP”) may offer the most favorable portfolio margin treatment as contemplated under the European Market Infrastructure Directive. Under EMIR, a CCP employing portfolio margin for multiple correlated instruments may provide a margin reduction up to 80 percent of the difference between the sum of margins for each product determined on an individual basis and a margin based on an estimation of the exposure of the overall portfolio. However, if a CCP is not exposed to any “potential risk from the margin reduction” it may apply a 100 percent reduction of the difference. According to ESMA, the most favorable portfolio margin treatment may only apply for contracts covered by the same default fund and in the same asset class. In its opinion, ESMA provided a number of examples of specifically correlated contracts that would qualify for the most favorable portfolio margin treatment (e.g., credit derivatives of the same underlying name or index with different maturities) and not qualify (e.g., interest rate derivatives using different currencies and an interest rate swap vs. a bond future).
- FINRA Seeks Comments on New Rules for Capital Formation: In order to evaluate whether any amendments to its rules, operations and administrative processes might enhance the capital raising process in the United States while continuing to promote investor protection, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority solicited comments on all its rules impacting capital formation. In addition, FINRA sought feedback regarding specific proposed amendments to its rule dealing with underwriting terms and arrangements in order to “simplify and clarify its provisions” (click here to access FINRA Rule 5110) and certain of its research rules to authorize a limited safe harbor to permit desk commentary to be provided to institutional investors without being subject to restrictions pertaining to research reports and debt research reports (click here to access FINRA Rules 2241 and 2242). Comments on all these FINRA matters will be accepted through May 30. In testimony before the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs last month, SEC chairman nominee Jay Clayton indicated that helping capital formation by US companies would be a priority for him if confirmed as chairman by the full Senate. (Click here for background in the article, "SEC Chairman Nominee Urges Making US Capital Markets Great Again" in the March 26, 2017 edition of Bridging the Week.)
- Sanction Guidelines Updated by FINRA: The National Adjudicatory Council of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority updated its sanction guidelines for use by hearing panels and the NAC itself. Among other things, the NAC added explicit sections related to systematic supervisory failures, short interest reporting and borrowing from or lending to customers. In addition to the prior sanctions recommended for failure to discharge supervisory obligations (US $10,000 to US $146,000), the NAC now suggests that systematic supervisory failures (e.g., where a supervisory failure “is significant and is widespread or occurs over an extended period of time”) should be penalized by fines of US $10,000 to US $73,000 for individuals and sanctions of US $10,000 to US $292,000 for firms. The NAC also indicated that responsible individuals should be suspended from 10 days to six months.
- LME Proposes Accountability Levels Regime for Precious Metals Contracts: The London Metal Exchange is consulting on the imposition of spot position limits, and individual prompt and all prompts accountability levels for its precious metal contracts (gold and silver). LME will consider all current prompt dates through the first prompt day of the next month as spot; all other prompt dates will be non-spot. Under LME’s proposed accountability level regime, LME members who hold positions for themselves or their clients in excess of accountability levels would be required to explain to LME the rationale for holding such large positions and will have certain daily position reporting obligations too. LME may order a person with positions in excess of an accountability level not to increase its position or to reduce its position. LME members would be required to enforce position limits and accountability levels (as required by LME) against their clients related to positions the members hold on their clients’ behalf. LME will accept comments on its proposal through May 12.
- Medecins Sans Frontieres/Doctors Without Borders: This year, as in prior years, I will be raising money for Medecins Sans Frontieres/Doctors Without Borders through my participation in the New York City Five Boro Bike Ride on May 7. Physicians and other medical support personnel from this organization often put themselves in harms way to provide critical medical assistance to those in need in some of the most troubled areas on our planet – without regard to political allegiance. Please consider supporting Medecins Sans Frontieres/Doctors Without Borders by making a contribution in support of my ride. Click here for further details and to make a donation. Thanks in advance!
For further information:
CFTC Staff Gives OK for US FCM to Post Customer Securities to a UK Individual Segregated Account:
Defendants Named in SEC Spoofing Claim Vehemently Dispute Customer’s Trading Violated Law:
Employees Criminally Charged With Theft of Trade Secrets From Two Financial Services Trading Firms:
ESMA Clarifies Which Products May Be Eligible for Portfolio Margin:
Financial Conduct Authority Seeks Comments on Proposed Distributed Ledger Technology Regulation:
FinCEN Updates Advisory Regarding Problematic Jurisdictions:
FINRA Resolves Charges Against Broker-Dealer for Inadequate Controls for Third-Party Payments from Customer Accounts; Hong Kong Regulator Sanctions Yet Another Broker for Similar Offense:
FINRA Seeks Comments on New Rules for Capital Formation:
LME Proposes Accountability Levels Regime for Precious Metals Contracts:
Sanction Guidelines Updated by FINRA:
SEC Sues 27 Firms and Individuals Over Fake News to Mislead Investors:
The information in this article is for informational purposes only and is derived from sources believed to be reliable as of April 15, 2017. No representation or warranty is made regarding the accuracy of any statement or information in this article. Also, the information in this article is not intended as a substitute for legal counsel, and is not intended to create, and receipt of it does not constitute, a lawyer-client relationship. The impact of the law for any particular situation depends on a variety of factors; therefore, readers of this article should not act upon any information in the article without seeking professional legal counsel. Katten Muchin Rosenman LLP may represent one or more entities mentioned in this article. Quotations attributable to speeches are from published remarks and may not reflect statements actually made.
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Imagine standing inside a house with walls that look like they’re made of fabric, but they’re not made of cloth, or a space packed with a bright red or green color that looks metallic and doesn’t fade away. Many of these are possible due to the decoration of glass. Over the years, glass has been used in the decoration of buildings both inside and outside, as it is an inorganic material that needs little upkeep. The use of glass-ceramics has been primarily in the fields of construction, laboratory experiments and military operations for a long period of time, but has not been used in interior design. Due to the suitable characteristics of glass, for instance, subtle texture, vibrant colors and no adverse reactions, glass has been extensively used for a significant period, and there still seems to be a very bright future as far as the application of glass in interior design is concerned.
Glass decorations have been used in the interiors of rooms, elevators and washrooms to produce attracting surfaces that do not fade out and that are easy to clean. Architectures and designers must strive to ensure that they choose the best glass color for different rooms and locations in order to come up with proper decorations that the owners of buildings and all the occupants who use the rooms. This research investigates the background of using glass in the past along with the use of glass in interior design, its influence on society as well as future perspectives.
Key words: decorations, interior design, application, glass
Use of Glass in Interior Design
The light and thin characteristics of glass have enabled builders and designers to develop relatively higher buildings and achieve equipment length that could not have been achieved before. Some of the materials that have been substituted with glass are wooden surfaces and use of steel in the decorations of rooms. These materials are heavier than glass, which makes them unsuitable to achieving maximum height and potential weight in constructions and design. Glass surfaces provide an elegant view and a clear surface that is damage resistant and very easy to clean once dust lands on it. In the field of interior design, glass has been defined as an elegant shiny material with a beautiful and clean surface, and that helps designers to create an interior that is durable, damage resistant and with vibrant, elegant patterns and look (Morrison, 2016). This proposal aims at deeply examining the use of glass in interior design and coming up with a precise research analysis on the way glass has helped in the decoration of rooms and how the application of this knowledge has shaped the society. It will also examine the bright future that use of glass in interior design holds.
Glass, as defined by many scientists and designers, is a material that has an elegant physical appearance. Glass is believed to have some unique features that most of other decorating materials do not have; for example, the hard, smooth but strong surface that gives it not only a fine texture but also an elegant look. It provides an elegant lighting system due to its ability to reflect light and hence has been considered as the best material to be used in interior design. In the 1980s, a new technology was introduced of missing glass with ceramic to come up with glass ceramic, which is a material, which provides both the advantages of glass and those of ceramic and hence giving a more strong and hard surface that cannot only be used in interior design, but also as the outer surface of buildings. Because of its many advantages such as reliability, glass-ceramics has become a material that scientists and designers prefer in most of their operations. Due to its low cost, glass ceramics has gained much popularity than any other decorating material (Li, Hu, & Li, 2013).
Figure 1. The use of glass in modern-day office partitioning
History of Glass
The history of natural glass dates back many centuries ago; during the beginning of times, it, probably, formed as a result of rocks being exposed to extremely high temperatures and hence melted to form a transparent material, which is later processed to form glass. This effect is always caused by natural reactions on rocks such as volcanic eruptions and impact of meteor and meteorites. The origin of glass is not well determined, as some scientists say that glass is always formed in the moon and come down in the form of meteorites, while others say that it is in the Mitannian region of Mesopotamia that the first glass was found, where it had developed as a result of melting of rocks. This is believed to be as early as 5000 BC. Glass as an independent material is believed to be dating 4000 BC, whereby beads and vessels were the first glass objects, probably made in the 2500 BC. These objects were first found in Syria and in Egypt by 3000 BC.
Nobody is certain on the dates that glass came into existence, but glass blowing and use are believed to have started in about 100 BC, and the first glass windows were used about 100 BC. Glass has helped people over the years in different aspects of life. It is believed that a glass industry started during the Roman Empire, and, for the first time, glass-making became a significant endeavor in the lives of people across the globe. Today, glass industry has developed significantly in such way that glass has been used in chemical analysis and mixed with other substances to come up with more reliable and suitable forms, which are harder and resistant to scratches – for example, plate glass (Rasmussen, 2012). It has also been made harder by being developed into a variety of types, which not only favor the delicate nature of glass, but also increase the potential that glass has. These types include stained glass, ceramic glass, fiberglass, and refined glass (Beale, 2013).
Beads that were found in Egypt and Syria give clear evidence that glass was discovered a very long time ago, and that various styles were used to draw on it, which shows that glass production was not only a main activity in the ancient times, but was also linked to other economic activities. However, there was a limitation on what glass would do; but, thanks to the modern technology, the glass nowadays has unveiled full potential of glass as far as interior design is concerned. The activities of glass work range from blowing of glass and to making bowls and plates. The reason that made glass production remain limited for some decades is that it was confined to manual systems only. It was because of these manual systems that production of window panes and glass bowls remained small regarding quantity and quality. However, production of glass improved in the late 16th century, as a result of an increase in glass covered churches and the improved art of building mansions and houses.
Figure 2. Use of glass in ancient Egypt in interior design
Egyptians later invented the use of glass to make luxurious items, and after that, these items became among the most used items in Egypt. This art later spread to Europe, where new glass technologies were invented. Today, glass is used to make all kinds of expensive jewellery and items for decoration and functionality. In late 1600s, plate glass was invented, which was used in making tables and window panes for the first time in France. Later on, tempered glass was invented with a reason to decrease danger, when glass breaks. This was because tempered glass has a characteristic that made it break into tiny pieces instead of large dangerous pieces. In 1950s, float glass was invented; that meant glass that could be made into a flat sheet. Pilkington invented the float glass, when there was a very pressing need to come up with flat glass that could make window panes and surfaces (BritishGlass, 2016). All this time, glass remained a luxurious item that could only be afforded by the rich. Since then, glass technology has undergone some improvements.
Research Questions/ Aims/Objectives
What is glass and what is its relationship with interior design?
What are the main types of glass and what is the advantage of each of them over the natural glass?
What are the applications of glass technology in interior design and how has this application evolved over the years?
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using glass over other materials that play the same role in interior design?
How has the use of glass in interior design influenced the society and the world in general socially and economically?
Aims and Objectives of the Study
The primary objective of this research is to identify the history of glass from its invention to the present and to study how glass has been applied in the field of interior design. This is by conducting an extensive study on the use of glass in interior design. Other specific objectives include:
To determine the way, in which use of glass in interior came into existence by examining the entire history of glass.
To explore the areas in interior design, where glass has been used and the outcome it has had on this field.
To understand the advantages, shortcomings and techniques of using glass technology in interior decorations.
Application of Glass in Interior Design
Glass technology has been applied in interior design in some ways. During ancient times, glass was never used in homes for fear of breakage, as it was very delicate. However, with the advancements in glass technology, contemporary designs in houses and offices mainly use hard glass. It gives a good look, because there has been the introduction of various types of glass – some hard and some delicate.
Types of Glass
This type of glass was invented around the 1950s. The reason it is referred to as black glass is because it has a dark look that is visible even without lighting. It reflects very little light projected on it. It appears in dark colors of green and blue as a result of iron oxide, which is its main constituent and hence has a strong feel, which is very less susceptible to breakage. This type of glass is used to make office equipment, for example, coffee tables and television stands, as it usually looks very professional. This type of glass has been used mostly in the United States with most of the furniture that are used in government offices and the White House being made from black glass.
Figure 3. Application of black glass in room partitioning
In ancient times, glass was used in the form of black tinted material with various color decorations to give an elegant outlook. Today, scientists and designers have tried to change this tinted glass into a colorless transparent glass to enable even a more elegant type of glass. It allows one to see through glass-made equipment. This type of glass is known as antique glass, which has been used to make interior items for example table tops and facings (Glass for Europe, 2014).
Figure 4. Example of an antique glass mirror design on a wall
This is a type of glass that is translucent. It is the one that allows light to pass through, but one cannot see through. It is made from frosted glass material, which has a cloudy look that makes furniture made out of it look beautiful. Some of the interior equipment made from frosted glass includes doors, table tops and windows.
Figure 5. Frosted glass used in making bathroom doors
This type of glass is made up of tiny glass rods packed up together. This is that latest type of glass in the interior design industry. It has a hard but good looking surface and is not very prone to breakage. For this reason, it is gaining much popularity in the world in making office and home furniture – for example, table tops and television stands.
Figure 6. Seating area made from fiberglass
Colored Structural Glass
This is a type of glass that has small glass particles that reflect light in different directions. It makes it look milky. It is made of heavy plate and is available in quite some colors. It has been used to make interior walls and table tops, as it also looks very professional and elegant
This type of glass is made up of tiny glass cells. It is very light such that it easily floats on water. For this reason, it is mainly used as a heat an insulator on buildings and pipes. Decorative glass is also another type of glass used to bring a new beautiful look into the interior of a building as it offers different colors and textures.
Examples of Glass Furniture
There are different glass furniture that is usually used in interior design. They range from wall partitions to ordinary office furniture for instance tables, shelves and stands. They include:
Glass tables are the most used form of glass furniture in the interior of rooms. Glass is usually placed on top of tables made of other material, for example, wood and metal to prevent them from getting damaged and to give them an elegant look. Glass is not like other materials, for example, wood that is not easily cleanable; glass can be easily cleaned with a cloth or a glass wiper. It is a great material, as it does not wear out or fade as it is used day by day. Glass has been used as table tops on steel furniture to replace timber and metal.
These are mirrors found on home or office furniture, for example, wardrobes, cabinets and bathrooms. Mirrors on furniture were first noted in the 13th century, but today, nearly all furniture has mirrors that add a feeling of class and esteem. Mirrors are added into furniture not only to be used as dressing and admiration items, but also to enhance class and style in a room (Beale, 2013). They give a clear view of the entire room, and this has lately been introduced into restaurants and reception areas in organizations.
Venice tried to put different types and styles of the mirror in office and home equipment in an attempt to come up with beautiful glass made equipment. It is to be used only for decorations and stands for bed lamps and flowers. Thus, technique spread to America and Europe, where various Venice made furniture were further developed – for example, dressing mirrors and lamp stands.
Glass shelves are used in various interior setups to create more space and enhance order in a room. They are used to place flowers and classy utensils. These shelves are in different sizes and shapes, according to the needs of the house owner and the available space in the room. Glass shelves are made of hard but elegant glass that is safe from breakage and that provides a firm base for heavy flower vases and some crockery (Gheorghe, 2011). Shelves are located in offices, kitchens and dining areas.
These are glass-made lighting systems that hang from the ceiling of offices and homes. They give an elegant look in rooms. They reflect the light fully, creating a well-lit room with a beautiful look and good feel. Chandeliers and glass lighters are affordable, classy and modern.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Glass in Interior Design
Furniture and interiors made of glass are easier to maintain than wooden furniture, as wooden surfaces are affected by termites, whereas glass is never affected.
The new and beautiful look of glass remains the same even after some years, unlike wood that fades and wears out with time.
Glass interiors are long lasting compared to other surfaces, and their transparent characteristic makes the room to look spacious and classy.
Glass once used can be reused to make other furniture and products and does not conduct electricity, hence less prone to electric shocks.
Glass can reflect light, which gives a room an elegant, expensive, classy and stylish look every time (Avetex Furniture, 2012).
Glass is heavier compared to plastic and also not as strong as plastic.
An attempt to make glass safer makes it break without the consent of the owner. This incurs additional costs and doubles the chance of injury.
Soon, all glass interiors will be required to be made of tempered glass to reduce the chance of injury once the glass breaks, but the process used in making tempered glass is very expensive.
Influence of Glass-Made Interiors on the Society
The use of glass in making interior furniture has greatly influenced the society, both socially and economically. By using glass made interiors, societies have developed as a sense of class and style. It has enhanced relations among designers, home owners and office occupants. Economically, designers have developed their careers and improved their standards of living as well as those of their employers (Denley, 2014). The glass industry has also grown significantly, hence leading to the entire world’s economic growth.
To sum up, glass creates a classy and elegant world to live in which is full of opportunities and attractive environments. It has created a suitable economy as far as designer careers, and production of glass is concerned. Designers should ensure they choose the best materials to use in interior environments and, as after that, create the best out of the chosen material. This attracts their employers and all other people, who see these creations, and thus increasing their business careers and incomes. The design industry also has received a major boost in technological advancement, as a result of glass use in interiors, and hence gained popularity so much. Due to this, many investors have developed an interest in this sector and are investing heavily in designs and interior looks. Due to this, the future of designers and interior design, in general, seem very bright.
Avetex Furniture. (2012). Modern Glass: Why glass furniture is stylish and easy. Modern Furniture. Retrieved on April 17, 2017 from http://blog.avetexfurniture.com/2012/12/01/modern-glass-why-glass-furniture-is-stylish-and-easy/
Beale, L. (2013). How I Made It: Interior designer knows stars’ homes inside out. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved on April 17, 2017 from http://articles.latimes.com/2013/may/10/business/la-fi-himi-bullard-20130512
BritishGlass. (2016). History of Glass. About Glass. Retrieved on April 17, 2017 from http://www.britglass.org.uk/history-of-glass
Denley, S. (2014). HGTV interior designer David Bromstad partners with Naturalizer. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved on April 17, 2017 from http://articles.latimes.com/2014/apr/09/news/la-ar-hgtv-interior-designer-david-bromstad-partners-naturalizer-20140407
Gheorghe, S.L. (2011). 5 Modern Glass Furniture Pieces with Simplistic Designs. Homedit. Retrieved on April 17, 2017 from http://www.homedit.com/types-of-glass-furniture-you-can-introduce/
Glass for Europe. (2014). Main Types of Glass. Retrieved on April 17, 2017 from http://www.glassforeurope.com/en/products/main-types-of-glass.php#top
Li, B., Hu, W.P., & Li, Q.L. (2013). Application of Glass-Ceramic in Interior Design. Advanced Materials Research, 627, 655-658.
Morrison, C. (2016). Glass is Elevating Interior Design. Design & Application. Retrieved on April 17, 2017 from https://www.corning.com/ru/ru/innovation/the-glass-age/design-and-application/glass-is-elevating-interior-design-to-the-next-level.html
Rasmussen, S.C. (2012). How Glass Changed the World. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 85. Doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-28183-9 | <urn:uuid:55f0f3a6-e90e-4c9f-baa3-20f915fcb100> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://cleverrup.com/sample-base/interior-design-and-the-usage-of-glass/ | 2024-04-13T23:04:09Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.970222 | 4,081 | 4,574 |
- Key Takeaways
- 1. Strategic Planning
- 2. Research
- 3. Content Creation and Curation
- 4. Audience Engagement
- 5. Analytics and Data Interpretation
- 6. Advertising and Boosting
- 7. Platform Proficiency
- 8. Graphic Design Skill
- 9. Video Editing
- 10. SEO Experience
- 11. Writing and Editing
- 12. Brand Voice Alignment
- 13. Customer Service Skills
- 14. Community Building
- 15. Keeping Up with Trends
- 16. Innovative Campaign Ideas
- 17. Problem Solving
- 18. Scheduling and Planning
- 19. Consistent Monitoring
- 20. Continuous Learning
- Final Remarks
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Strategic planning is essential for effective social media management. Define clear goals, target audience, and content strategy to achieve desired outcomes.
- Researching industry trends, audience preferences, and competitors’ strategies is crucial for creating relevant and engaging content.
- Engage the audience through compelling and diverse content creation and curation to maintain their interest and interaction with your brand.
- Regularly analyze social media metrics and interpret data to understand audience behavior and optimize content strategies for better engagement.
- Utilize advertising and boosting tools effectively to expand reach and maximize the impact of social media efforts.
- Proficiency in various social media platforms, along with graphic design, video editing, SEO, and writing skills, is vital for a well-rounded social media skill set.
In today’s digital age, having top-notch social media skills for online marketing and personal brand is non-negotiable. Whether you’re an aspiring influencer, a business owner looking to expand your brand’s reach, or simply want to enhance your online presence, mastering the crucial skill of social media can be a game-changer. From crafting compelling content to understanding algorithms and engaging with followers, honing your social media prowess and online presence opens doors to endless opportunities.
This listicle will equip you with essential tips and tricks for navigating the ever-evolving landscape of social media platforms, online presence, personal brand, web presence, and google. Get ready to unlock the secrets of creating thumb-stopping posts, leveraging analytics for growth, building authentic connections with your audience, and more to enhance your social media skill and online presence. Scroll down for reviews of our top picks!
1. Strategic Planning
Strategic planning in social media involves developing and implementing marketing strategies to achieve specific business goals for online presence, web presence, and company. It requires a deep understanding of the company’s business objectives, target audience, competitor analysis, and team.
- Crafting effective marketing strategies tailored to the company’s unique needs is crucial for success on social media platforms and online presence.
- Project Management: Efficiently managing resources, timelines, and budgets is essential for executing social media campaigns effectively.
- Tactics and Best Practices: Implementing best practices such as content calendars, A/B testing, and data-driven decision-making enhances the impact of social media efforts.
Social media strategic planning empowers companies to make informed decisions about their online presence and resources. It also enables business to anticipate future trends and adapt their approach accordingly.
Understanding the power of personalization can significantly boost engagement on social media. Tailoring content based on user preferences fosters stronger connections with the audience online.
Researching social media skills involves identifying specific goals and objectives for each platform to enhance online presence and engage with people. This entails understanding the target audience, determining key performance indicators (KPIs), and aligning these with overall business objectives.
Developing a comprehensive social media strategy is crucial for success in online presence and business. This includes selecting the most suitable platforms, content types, posting frequency, and engagement tactics based on thorough research of industry best practices, consumer behavior, online presence, and business.
Creating a roadmap for achieving desired business outcomes involves setting realistic timelines, allocating resources effectively, and continuously monitoring progress against established benchmarks for online presence. It also requires flexibility to adapt business strategies based on ongoing analysis of results.
For instance, when businesses conduct in-depth research into their target market’s online behaviors using tools like Google Analytics or social media insights, they can tailor their strategies to align with consumer preferences effectively.
3. Content Creation and Curation
To create effective content for a business, it’s crucial to conduct thorough market research to understand the target audience’s online presence. This involves analyzing demographics, preferences, behaviors, online presence, and business to tailor content that resonates with them.
Analyzing competitors’ social media presence and strategies can provide valuable insights into what works in the business industry. By understanding their business content approach and engagement tactics, one can refine their own strategy for better results.
Staying updated with industry trends and best practices in business is essential for maintaining a competitive edge. Social media platforms are constantly evolving, so keeping abreast of changes ensures that your business content remains relevant and impactful.
For instance, suppose a business creating web-based products wants to engage its audience effectively on social media. By conducting market research, businesses may discover that their target demographic prefers video content over written posts. Analyzing competitors in the business might reveal successful hashtag campaigns or interactive features that could inspire similar strategies for their own brand. Staying updated with industry trends in the business would allow them to adopt new formats like Instagram Reels or explore emerging platforms such as TikTok for wider reach.
4. Audience Engagement
Crafting engaging and shareable social media posts is essential for capturing audience attention. By incorporating compelling visuals, asking thought-provoking questions, or sharing relatable stories, you can increase user engagement significantly.
Curating relevant content from trusted sources not only establishes your credibility but also keeps your audience informed and interested. Sharing industry news, expert insights, or user-generated content fosters a sense of community and encourages active participation.
Utilizing multimedia elements to enhance content quality is crucial in today’s digital landscape. Incorporating videos, infographics, or interactive polls creates immersive experiences that resonate with users. Research shows that posts with images receive 650% higher engagement than text-only posts (Source: Social Media Examiner).
Engagement strategies play a pivotal role in shaping an effective online presence as they directly impact how users interact with your brand. Understanding user behavior and preferences helps tailor content to cater to the target market’s interests effectively.
5. Analytics and Data Interpretation
Responding promptly to comments, messages, and mentions is crucial for maintaining an engaged social media presence. According to a study by The Social Habit, 32% of customers expect a response within 30 minutes on social media. This emphasizes the importance of timely interaction.
Encouraging user-generated content through contests or campaigns can significantly boost engagement. For instance, Starbucks’ #WhiteCupContest generated over 4,000 entries in just three weeks, showcasing the power of user-generated content in driving brand visibility.
Building relationships with followers through personalized interactions can lead to increased loyalty and advocacy. Research from Epsilon reveals that 80% of consumers are more likely to make a purchase when brands offer personalized experiences.
Utilizing data analytics tools such as Google Analytics provides valuable insights into audience behavior and preferences. It enables marketers to track key metrics like engagement rates, click-through rates, and conversions – essential for optimizing social media strategies.
6. Advertising and Boosting
Tracking key metrics is crucial in understanding the effectiveness of social media strategies. Metrics such as engagement rate, click-through rate, and conversion rate provide valuable insights into audience behavior and content performance.
Analyzing data allows for the identification of trends and patterns that can guide future decision-making. For instance, by analyzing which types of posts receive the most engagement, businesses can tailor their content to better resonate with their audience.
Making data-driven decisions ensures that social media strategies are optimized for maximum impact. By leveraging insights from analytics, businesses can allocate resources effectively, target specific demographics, and refine their messaging for improved results.
Utilizing advertising and boosting features across various social media channels enhances online marketing efforts. Platforms like Facebook and Instagram offer robust targeting options to reach specific audiences based on demographics, interests, behaviors, or even email lists.
7. Platform Proficiency
Running targeted ad campaigns on various social media platforms is crucial for reaching the right audience. By utilizing the advertising tools provided by platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and LinkedIn, businesses can tailor their ads to specific demographics, interests, and behaviors.
Utilizing paid promotions to increase reach and engagement is an essential skill in achieving success on social media. With organic reach becoming increasingly challenging to attain, leveraging paid promotions allows businesses to expand their audience beyond their existing followers.
Optimizing ad spend based on performance analysis is key to maximizing conversion rates. Analyzing the data from ad campaigns helps in identifying which platforms and types of content yield the best results. This knowledge enables businesses to allocate their budget more effectively towards strategies that drive higher engagement and conversions.
Proficiency in navigating new platforms as they emerge ensures that businesses stay ahead of trends and maintain a competitive edge in the ever-evolving landscape of social media marketing. The ability to adapt quickly to new features or algorithms can significantly impact a business’s online visibility and growth potential.
8. Graphic Design Skill
To excel in social media, one must demonstrate proficiency across various platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. This involves understanding the unique features and algorithms of each platform to effectively engage with audiences.
Tailoring content for specific platforms is crucial. For instance, while Instagram thrives on visually appealing posts with hashtags and stories, Twitter demands concise yet impactful messages within its character limit.
Understanding the nuances of graphic design tools is essential for creating engaging visual content on social media. Proficiency in tools like Canva or Adobe Creative Suite can significantly enhance the quality of posts across different platforms.
9. Video Editing
Creating visually appealing graphics for social media posts is crucial in capturing the audience’s attention. Studies show that posts with compelling visuals receive 94% more views than those without. Utilizing design tools such as Adobe Spark or Canva can significantly enhance the overall aesthetic of a brand’s social media presence, allowing for professional-quality content creation without extensive expertise in graphic design.
Consistency is key when incorporating branding elements across visual content. Research indicates that consistent presentation of a brand increases revenue by up to 23%. Video editing skills enable seamless incorporation of logos, color schemes, and fonts into all visual materials, reinforcing brand identity and fostering recognition among followers.
10. SEO Experience
Editing videos for optimal length, clarity, and impact is a crucial skill in social media marketing. Research shows that 85% of Facebook videos are watched without sound, making captions essential to engage viewers. By incorporating captions and effects, the video’s accessibility and appeal are enhanced.
Adding transitions and effects can significantly improve viewer retention. A study by HubSpot revealed that 54% of consumers wanted to see more video content from businesses they support. Therefore, optimizing videos for different platforms and devices is vital as it ensures maximum reach and engagement across various social media channels.
11. Writing and Editing
Implementing SEO strategies is crucial for enhancing the discoverability of social media profiles and posts. By incorporating relevant keywords, meta descriptions, and alt text in your content, you can significantly improve your visibility on various search engines.
Conducting keyword research plays a pivotal role in optimizing social media content. Utilizing tools like Google Keyword Planner or SEMrush can help identify high-ranking keywords that resonate with your target audience. This approach ensures that your posts align with popular search queries, thereby increasing the likelihood of reaching a wider audience.
Utilizing relevant hashtags and keywords is essential for increasing the visibility of your social media content. When used strategically, hashtags enable users to discover your posts based on shared interests or trending topics. Incorporating industry-specific keywords within captions and descriptions enhances the chances of appearing in relevant searches.
12. Brand Voice Alignment
Crafting compelling and concise social media captions is crucial for brand voice alignment. By using engaging language and a clear call to action, brands can effectively communicate their message to the audience.
Proofreading and editing content for grammar, spelling, and clarity ensures that the brand’s image remains professional and credible. According to a study by Grammarly, clear and error-free writing can increase customer trust in a brand’s messaging.
Adapting writing style to suit different social media platforms is essential for maintaining consistency while catering to diverse audiences. For example, Instagram posts may require a more visual approach with hashtags, while LinkedIn content might need a more formal tone tailored for professional networking.
Ensuring that the brand voice aligns with its values across all social media channels helps in building brand awareness. Consistency in messaging fosters recognition among followers and potential customers.
Maintaining an aligned brand voice not only strengthens overall branding but also contributes to personal branding efforts of individuals within an organization. Employees who share consistent messages on their personal profiles contribute positively to the overarching company identity.
13. Customer Service Skills
Maintaining consistency in brand messaging across social media channels is crucial for customer service on these platforms. It ensures that customers receive a unified experience, reinforcing the brand’s identity and values.
Adhering to the brand’s tone, values, and personality in all communications is essential for creating a cohesive and trustworthy image. By consistently embodying the brand’s ethos, social media teams can build rapport with customers and foster loyalty.
Ensuring that the brand voice resonates with the target audience involves understanding their preferences, language nuances, and communication styles. This enables effective engagement and connection with customers on social media platforms.
14. Community Building
Community building on social media involves providing timely and helpful responses to customer inquiries or complaints. It’s crucial to address these interactions promptly, showing customers that their concerns are valued.
Resolving issues efficiently while maintaining a positive brand image is essential for community building. By handling problems with grace and professionalism, companies can build trust and loyalty among their audience.
Going above and beyond to exceed customer expectations is a powerful way to foster a strong community on social media platforms. Whether it’s surprising customers with personalized responses or offering solutions that surpass what was initially expected, these actions leave a lasting impression.
For instance, according to research by Sprout Social, 40% of consumers expect brands to respond within the first hour of reaching out on social media. Moreover, 71% of consumers who have had a positive experience with a brand on social media are likely to recommend the brand to others (Source: Ambassadors).
15. Keeping Up with Trends
Engaging followers through various initiatives is key to keeping up with social media trends. By fostering a sense of community, brands can build loyalty and trust among their audience.
Encouraging user-generated content and discussions provides an avenue for followers to feel valued and heard. This not only boosts engagement but also helps in understanding the preferences and interests of the target audience.
Organizing virtual events or live chats offers a direct way to connect with the audience, creating an interactive platform for real-time conversations. This approach humanizes the brand, making it more relatable to followers.
According to statistics from Sprout Social, 70% of consumers feel more connected to businesses with CEOs who are active on social media platforms. This exemplifies how personal interaction plays a crucial role in maintaining relevance amidst evolving trends.
16. Innovative Campaign Ideas
Staying updated with the latest social media trends, features, and algorithms is crucial for creating innovative marketing campaigns. By keeping a pulse on the ever-evolving landscape of social media, marketers can harness new tools and functionalities to engage their audience effectively.
Experimenting with new formats such as Stories and Reels allows brands to showcase their creativity while adapting to changing user behaviors. For instance, Instagram Stories have over 500 million daily active users, making it a prime space for interactive and ephemeral content that resonates with audiences.
Anticipating emerging trends and adapting strategies accordingly is essential for staying ahead in the competitive world of digital marketing. For example, TikTok’s meteoric rise demonstrated how quickly platforms can gain popularity — savvy marketers who anticipated this trend were able to capitalize on its early adoption by users.
17. Problem Solving
Problem-solving in social media involves brainstorming creative campaigns that resonate with the target audience. By understanding the audience’s needs and preferences, social media managers can develop unique concepts that generate buzz and engagement. This process often entails analyzing data to identify trends and patterns, enabling the creation of content that resonates deeply with the audience.
Incorporating storytelling elements into campaigns is crucial for making them memorable. Stories have a unique ability to evoke emotions and connect with people on a deeper level, thus enhancing brand recall and customer loyalty. Leveraging storytelling techniques helps create an emotional connection between the brand and its audience, leading to increased engagement and conversion rates.
For instance, consider a company using user-generated content (UGC) as part of their campaign strategy. UGC not only fosters trust but also serves as authentic storytelling from real customers, thereby creating a sense of community around the brand.
Successful problem-solving in social media requires agility in adapting to algorithm changes while staying true to the brand’s identity. Social media professionals need to be adept at quickly adjusting strategies based on platform updates or shifts in consumer behavior.
18. Scheduling and Planning
Identifying challenges or obstacles in social media strategies is crucial for effective scheduling and planning. It involves recognizing issues such as low engagement, ineffective content, or difficulty reaching the target audience.
Implementing effective solutions to overcome hurdles is essential. This may involve refining content based on analytics, optimizing posting times, or diversifying content formats to improve user interaction.
Continuously adapting strategies based on feedback and results is a key component of successful scheduling and planning. By analyzing metrics like reach, impressions, and click-through rates, social media managers can refine their approach to ensure maximum impact.
- Utilizing social media management tools can aid in streamlining scheduling processes.
- A thorough understanding of the target audience’s online behavior can enhance the effectiveness of planned posts.
- Regularly monitoring industry trends allows for timely adjustments in content strategy.
19. Consistent Monitoring
Consistency is key. Creating a content calendar allows you to plan and organize your posts, ensuring a steady stream of content for your audience. By scheduling posts in advance, you can maintain an active online presence without the need for constant real-time attention.
Planning ahead for seasonal or timely campaigns is crucial for maximizing engagement and relevance. For instance, aligning your content with holidays or industry events can boost interaction and reach. This strategic approach also enables you to tailor your messaging according to specific occasions, resonating more effectively with your audience.
Utilizing scheduling tools such as Hootsuite, Buffer, or Sprout Social streamlines the process of managing multiple social media accounts. These platforms allow you to schedule posts across various channels in one centralized location, saving time and effort while maintaining consistency.
By monitoring trends and performance metrics through these tools, you gain valuable insights into what works best for your audience at different times. You can adjust posting schedules based on peak engagement periods and refine future campaigns by analyzing past performance data.
Consistent monitoring not only ensures that your brand remains visible but also helps in adapting quickly to changes in audience behavior or preferences.
20. Continuous Learning
Regularly monitoring social media channels for mentions, comments, or messages is crucial for staying updated with audience interactions. This practice allows you to promptly respond to inquiries, engage with your audience, and address any concerns they may have.
Tracking brand sentiment is equally important as it provides insights into how your audience perceives your brand. Addressing negative feedback promptly can help mitigate potential damage to your reputation and demonstrate proactive customer service.
Keeping an eye on competitor activities and industry trends enables you to stay ahead of the curve. By understanding what strategies are working for competitors and being aware of industry developments, you can adapt your own social media approach accordingly.
Congratulations on completing this comprehensive guide to essential social media skills! You’ve gained insights into strategic planning, content creation, audience engagement, analytics interpretation, and much more. Now armed with this knowledge, it’s time to put these skills into action and elevate your social media presence. Whether you’re a business owner, marketer, or aspiring influencer, honing these skills will undoubtedly set you apart in the competitive world of social media.
So, go ahead and start implementing what you’ve learned. Experiment, learn from your experiences, and keep refining your skills. Remember, Rome wasn’t built in a day, and neither is a remarkable social media presence. Keep hustling and adapting to the ever-changing landscape of social media. Your dedication and expertise will surely pay off in the long run! | <urn:uuid:b4ea63a4-ce44-4159-ae16-4ad76992a5ff> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://digitalshiksha.com/social-media/social-media-skills/ | 2024-04-13T23:11:47Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.894409 | 4,389 | 5,125 |
Denpasar is the largest city in Bali and usually avoided by foreign travelers who can easily get to the beach areas, temples and Ubud without passing through it. Attractions include a museum, with dance costumes, shadow puppets and ikat, some temples, some gardens and a turtle and dragon statues. Denpasar means “next to the market” and fittingly the market in town is the largest and busiest in Bali. Other Denpasar is crowed, congested and noisy—things which travelers do not take long flights to experience.
Although it may not be as popular as tourist centers like Kuta, Ubud and Legian that doesn’t mean, Denpasar is completely without charm It is by far the largest city in Bali but still manages to retain a small town ambience despite heavy traffic congestion on its roads. The city is generally made up of tightly knit villages complete with historic Hindu temples surrounded by communal family compounds. It offers the most accessible way to see real, uncompromising Balinese life. Denpasar is also Bali’s best spot for shopping and features everything from lively street markets, vast department stores and more than its fair share of trendy boutiques. Expect the cheapest prices in Bali for almost everything as most stores cater to locals.
Designated as Bali’s capital city since 1958, replacing the former capital of Singaraja in the north, the city of Denpasar has since then grown rapidly in population and economy. Today the city acts as the major hub that connects the many tourists’ destinations within Bali Island. Denpasar is also the site where the Bali Arts Festival is held annually. Denpasar is filled with temples and palaces. In the eastern part of the city is the popular laid back beach of Sanur. Although is a center for government and businesses, Denpasar is not smothered with tall buildings or modern architectures. Instead, many of the government offices, banks, businesses offices, shopping malls, and others are located in buildings with traditional Balinese touches.
Sights in Denpasar
As is true with any place in Bali, Denpasar is also dotted with Hindu Temples. Among some of the renowned one the Pura Agung Jagatnata (adjacent to the Bali Museum), Pura Maospahit, and Puri Pemecutan. Around Denpasar’s main square — Puputan Square — are the office of the Governor, the Bali Museum, and Bali’s first hotel, the Bali Hotel, where Hollywood film stars lik Charlie Chaplin and rich heiresses such as Barbara Hutton once stayed. Also around here are major banks. While other government offices can be found at Renon. Puputan Square itself is a historic landmark. In 1906, when Dutch forces landed on Sanur and moved to the city, the King of Badung, his Queen, children and the entire court wearing all white clothing and armed only with the keris, fiercely confronted the oncoming bullets. The royal house was entirely wiped out, except for one young prince, whose descendent was later installed as the Cokorda or King of Pemecutan.
The huge Bajra Sandhi Monument erected at the Puputan Square commemorates the Puputans (suicidal fight to the death) of the Balinese in their struggle against Dutch colonialism. In 1908 the Raja of Klungkung together with his court chose death over surrender and shame. Inside the monument are dioramas, displays and objects depicting the history of the Balinese struggle against colonialism
The Provincial Museum (Museum Negeri Provinsi Bali), also known simply as the Bali Museum, is Bali’s flagship museum, features information on almost all things related in Bali through a vast array of cultural and historic artifacts from across the island. The museum is housed in four traditional pavilions set around a walled compound, right in the heart of town. Weaponry, utensils, precious jewelry, Balinese textiles, religious artifacts, traditional costumes and masks, and artworks are among some of the objects displayed in the museum.
Taman Werdhi Budaya (in the eastern suburbs of Denpasar), or Bali Art’s Center, is Bali’s foremost cultural centre. It comprises a large exhibition space, art museum, concert hall and amphitheatre and an adjoining school for the performing arts. There are permanent displays of Balinese art covering all styles made famous in nearby Ubud, woodcarvings and traditional costumes. Visitors can experience dance and music performances in two open-air amphitheaters with modern lighting. Dances are also regularly staged for the public, including works integrating modern Balinese choreography. The unique Kecak performance staged every night at 6.30 pm to 7.30 pm.
Accommodation, Shopping and in Denpasar
As capital of Bali Province, there is a wide range of accommodation in Denpasar: from starred hotels to modest inns. Here a few of them: 1) Adi Yasa Hotel, Address: Jl Nakula 23, Tel. +62 361 222679; 2) Genesis Hotel and Spa, Jl Bypass Ngurah Rai 888, Tel. +62 361 722071; 3) Merta Sari Hotel, Address: Jl Hasanudin 24, Tel. +62 361 222428; 4) Nakula Familiar Inn Address: Jl Nakula 4, Tel. +62 361 226446; 5) Taman Suci Hotel, Tel. Jl Imam Bonjol 4, Tel. +62 361 485254, E mail: [email protected]; 7) Tirta Lestari Hotel, Jl Nangka 62, Tel. +62 361 229882
Some of the best shopping places of Bali are in Denpasar. Here are some spots you may want to try: 1) Badung Central Market on Jalan Gajah Mada is best visited in the early morning. The ground level is devoted to fresh foodstuffs, dried food and spices are on the second level and handicrafts can be found on the top level. 2) Duta Silk is a fabulous silk emporium located at Block 1, Komplex Duta Permai (next to Matahari Department store) on Jalan Dewi Sartika. Gold stores with globally competitive jewellry prices abound in Jalan Hasanuddin and Jalan Sulawesi. 3) The myriad of small stores selling fabrics and local works in Jalan Gajah Mada and Jalan Thamrin will keep happy even the most jaded of world shoppers. 5) There are several shopping malls in Denpasar, the most notable being Ramayana on Jalan Diponegoro, Matahari Duta Plaza on Jalan Dewi Sartika and Robinsons opposite Matahari. These malls have a huge range of stores selling everything from clothing to arts and crafts as well as more everyday shops such as pharmacies.
Denpasar is a melting pot of different cultures from all over Indonesia. There are few places where the results of the government transmigration policy are more evident than here. For that reason it is a wonderful place to eat with restaurants specialising in different regional and ethnic Indonesian cuisines. Sometimes this can all seem a bit inaccessible and hard to find for visitors, so do not be shy to ask your driver or at your hotel. Here are some of the dining places you can try in Denpasar: 1) Kereneng Night Market (Pasar Malam Kereneng), Jl Hayam Wuruk/Jl Kamboja, This market starts up at sunset eveyday and is open until dawn. All manner of Indonesian food served from dozens of stalls. It is rough and ready, but the food is excellent and 100 percent authentic; 2) Ayam Taliwang, Jl Teuku Umar, Tel. +62 0361 228789; 3) Bali Bakery, Jl Hayam Wuruk 181, Tanjung Bungkak, Tel. +62 361 243147, E mail: [email protected]; 4) Kak Man, Jl Teuku Umar 135; 5) Atoom Bara, Jl Gajah Mada 106-108, Tel. +62 361 222788; 6) Warung Nasi Bali, Jl Hayam Wuruk 69A, Tel. +62 361 223889; 7) Warung Wardani, Jl Yudistira 2, Tel. +62 361 224398.
Kuta Beach (between the airport and Denpasar) is the closest place in Bali to airport and one of the best places in Bali if you like to party but one the worst if you don’t like irritating hawkers that hiss like snakes and won’t leave you alone, tacky souvenir stands with some of the cheesiest stuff you will ever see, gridlock traffic, massage parlors and tattoo places. There may have been a time when Kuta was a nice, charming place but that time is long passed, still it sometimes it is hard to avoid stopping there.
Kuta Beach has been described as Australia’s Tijuana. It is more or less the closest place an Australian can go to get out of Australia. There are a lot of drunk Australian young running around at night and Australian families on beach vacation roaming around in the day. Cantering to them are rowdy pubs, cheap motorbike rentals, and malls with designer clothes, cheap watches and jewelry and satay. Bail is the main travel destination for Australian visiting Asia. A good portion of them seem to be in Kuta.
Kuta’s beach is popular with surfers; the current can be a little strong for swimmers. The surfing in the area is great. For the best surfing and body boarding waves take a boat to the outside of the reefs. Here you can find consistent and well-formed waves that range in height from eight to 15 feet. The army of women masseuses that have numbers of their rice-paddy-style hats and other hawkers that work the beach are restricted to the upper beach and barred from working the lower beach.
Orientation and Transportation in Kuta
The Kuta area consists of four main areas: 1) Kuta itself, with its wide choice of budget accommodation, restaurants, bars and activities; 2) Tuban, an area between Kuta and the airport with shopping malls and more upscale hotels; 3) Legian, north of Kuta, nicer and less sleazy than Kuta but with less of everything; and 4) Seminyak-Kerobokan, a quieter area with a large expatriate community. All four places merge together and it is often difficult to tell where one leaves off and the other begins. The main road that connects them is almost always a mess. As one moves away from Kuta it gets progressively quieter and quieter.
Jalan Legian is the main road. It runs more less parallel to the beach, but a few hundred meters away, from Kuta through Legian, Seminyak and Keroboken. Jl Legian averages about 500 meters from te beach. Between Jl Legian and the beach is a maze of small back streets with small hotels and guest houses, souvenir shops, bars and other tourist-related businesses.
Sights and Activities in Kuta Beach
There are not really any sites per say in Kuta. The main attractions are the beaches, restaurants, bars and shops. There are several amusement areas, including a go-kart track, water slides and something called bali jumping, which combines bungee jumping with jumping on a trampoline. For sites around Bali, there are many tourist agencies in Kuta that arrange trips to spots around the island.
The Bali Bombing in 2002 took place on Jalan Legian, the busiest street in Kuta’s business and entertainment district. The memorial for the Bali Bombing consists of a wall of granite and limestone with the names of the victims and an altar and flags for the 22 nations from which the victims came from. Unveiled a year after the bombing, the memorial is on a 140 square meter plot of land across the street from the Sari Club, where the bomb that killed the most people exploded. Paddy’s Pub, another place where a bomb was set off, reopened under the name Paddy’s Reloaded. There is more of police and military presence and men with guns doing rounds in the area than there was before the bombing.
Accommodation, Entertainment and Restaurants at Kuta Beach
Kuta has places to stay that cater all tastes and budget; five star hotels, clean “losmen” or home stays. The nicer places have more privacy, beach front locations and swimming pools not far from the hustle and bustle of the town centre. If you're a backpacker looking for cheap accommodation in Kuta, just go to Poppies Lane Alley, where there are many low-budget inns and restaurants Warungs offering cheap food are within a two minute walk on Poppies Lane 1, so no need to get sucked into a beachside restaurant and high prices.
There are also various foreign and local restaurants offering international and local foods. There are many souvenir shops along Kuta that offering you many kind of Balinese souvenir, starting from clothes, paintings, handicrafts, wooden crafts, etc.
There are literally hundreds of places to stay and eat and drink in the Kuta, Legian, Seminyak and Keroboken areas. The bar and club scene often begins early with a variety of happy hour deals beginning around 6:00pm. The competition is pretty fierce and some of the deals are quite good. Popular night spots on Kuta include the Hard Rock Café, De Ja Vu, the Bali Globe, Paddy’s Café and many more.
Transportation in Kuta
Moving around Kuta is easy. You can go around on foot to most places in Kuta. Many people rent motorbike or motorcycle, on which they roam around all of Bali island. Some get lost of You can rent bicycles and can roam around with these too but often the bikes are not very durable. Buses (bemos (minibuses) and dokars (horse and carriages) provide transport within the city. Bemos and motorcycle taxis provide transport to Kuta. Motorcycle taxis are not recommended, due to high road crash risk. There are plenty of taxis that can take you to Kuta beach. You can rent these by the meter or by the hour. Drivers may overcharge, particularly when the meter is off. Agree on fare before departing when using an unmetered taxi. Bali Taksi Company is a division of Bluebird taxis. Their drivers use meters and do not overcharge.
According to ASIRT: “ Traffic is congested. Traffic jams are common near lunch and dinner hours. Parking is available in city center and is generally easy to find near the beach. Sidewalks are often in poor condition. Many sidewalks are built over sewer lines; manhole covers may be missing, loose or broken. Use caution when walking, especially at night. Ngurah Rai Airport (also known as Bali International Airport) is 2.5 kilometers north of Kuta.” [Source: Association for Safe International Road Travel (ASIRT): PDF, 2008]
Seminyak (3 kilometers north of central of Kuta) is trendy alternative to Kuta that has become popular with the affluent, wine-drinking crowd and is regarded as the perfect place to relax and socialize. The town has an active nightlife scene. There are a number of trendy bars and restaurants. A bar known as the Ku De Ta attracts the expatriate community at sunset.
Among the hotels here are the Oberoi, which resembles a traditional Balinese village and was designed bu the same Australia architect, Peter Muller, who designed the Amandari Resort near Ubud. Many of the people here rent luxury villas that have their own in-house cooks and servants. Nicer ones that have ocean views and five bedrooms go for around $1,500 a night. Cheaper ones go for $300 a night and have their own pool. The cost can be divided by six or seven people. Masseuses and yoga instructors are provided by request. There are also people to organize tours around the island, and surfing and scuba trips.
The first villas were built in the 1970s by trust fund kids that wanted to stay in some places nicer than the guesthouses in Kuta and the bamboo bungalows of Ubud. They built traditional open-air Balinese-style villas with thatched roofs and rented them to friends when they weren’t there. Over the years more and villas were built and an industry was born. Most of the villas are handled by local agents. Bali Villas (balivillas.com) handles villas for the entire island.
Image Sources: Wikimedia Commons
Text Sources: Indonesia Tourism website ( indonesia.travel ), Indonesia government websites, UNESCO, Wikipedia, Lonely Planet guides, New York Times, Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, National Geographic, The New Yorker, Bloomberg, Reuters, Associated Press, AFP, Japan News, Yomiuri Shimbun, Compton's Encyclopedia and various books and other publications.
Updated in August 2020 | <urn:uuid:776309b2-c2ac-4940-996c-3a7cbc09b197> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://factsanddetails.com/indonesia/Places/sub6_10e/entry-6796.html | 2024-04-13T22:37:31Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.93908 | 3,689 | 4,240 |
The United States and NATO say they are confident that Turkey will not impede the membership of Finland or Sweden in their military alliance, despite Ankara,Turkey’s capitol and seat of government, expressing reservations about it.
In a move that could cause major tensions with one of its neighbors, Turkey has set out demands for NATO member countries to end support and sales of arms in retaliation over the current situation with Kurdish groups on their territory.
The foreign minister has said that his talks with Swedish and Finnish counterparts in Berlin have been helpful. They pitched possible solutions to address Turkey’s concerns, which will be considered by Ankara.
“We have photos and videos of the terrorists that you sent us,” said Cavusoglu. “I can even provide proof they are on our territory.”
He said that the Kurdistan Workers’ Party, or PKK as it’s known internationally has been holding meetings in Sweden over recent days. The group is considered by many countries to be a “terrorist” organization but still manages somehow maintain contact with other prominent political parties from around Europe through these secret negotiations.
However, he said that Turkey did not object to the alliance’s policy of open doors. NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg believes they will be able to address any concerns expressed by Ankara without delaying membership status in regards for application processing timeframes as well as additional protocols needed before becoming an active member state with all rights accorded accordingly.
The United States’ Secretary of State, Antony Blinken has refused to go into detail after closed-door conversations on this issue but echoes NATO’s position that it is “a place for dialogue”.
Finland and Sweden have taken a step in joining NATO to show they are not afraid of Russia’s invasion. This decision breaks away from tradition, which has been non-aligned for many years now but it also means that these two countries may need protection more than ever before.
The Finnish president has confirmed that his country will be applying for membership in the European Union. Sweden’s ruling Social Democrats announced an official policy change. Swedish Foreign Minister Linde announced that her country will be applying for membership in NATO, an organization which has meant peace and security across Europe since 1955. The decision comes following years of deteriorating relations with Russia due to their incursion into Ukraine.
The pressure on Turkey to allow Finland and Sweden into NATO has been immense. With these new members, the alliance would be stronger in the Baltic Sea – which could potentially lead more countries into membership.
If all goes well, approval could come in just a matter of weeks. However, ratification by allied parliaments may take up to one year so it is important for Turkey’s objections not to be insurmountable.
In response to the prospect of joining NATO, Russia has threatened military-technical measures including unspecified “military threats”. However speaking on Saturday Prime Minister Juha Sipilneni said their conversation was measured and did not contain any threatening language or behavior from either side during the discussion over potential actions in the coming days following recent developments involving both countries’ troops near borders with Scandinavia.
In an interview with CNN, President Putin confirmed that he thinks it’s a mistake for Russia to have invaded eastern Ukraine.
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Globalization is a Critical Issue in Davos
Days long forgot.
A decade ago, political power brokers and corporate titans convened in the Swiss Alps under an optimistic banner, globalization. It was a time for “resilient dynamism,” declared the World Economic Forum‘s 2013 summit organizers. They argued that the globe has entered a “post-crisis” period following the travails of the global financial crisis. It was incumbent on the Davos elites to bring in additional reforms in the service of economic “sustainability” and “competitiveness,” recurrent WEF watchwords that tap into the liberal ethos that has long underpinned its proceedings, where doing good need not conflict with profit margins.
After ten years, there appears to be less optimism. Instead of a “post-crisis” time, it’s more usual to speak of a “permacrisis,” of a world teeming with calamity — war, climate catastrophe, energy price mayhem, inflation, epidemics of hunger and illness, political instability, and growing economic injustice. This year’s WEF theme, an impassioned plea for “cooperation in a fractured globe,” seemed to be more obsessed with the ruptures that have already occurred. Last week, WEF President Borge Brende told reporters that the meeting “will take place against the most complicated geopolitical and geoeconomic backdrop in decades.”
Issues that are still hounding the WEF.
Concerns about a probable global recession are high on the agenda. There’s also the perplexing issue of climate change, as well as the ongoing conflict in Ukraine and its ramifications, such as the snarling of the global grain trade, which contributed to the development of famine conditions in large parts of Sub-Saharan Africa. Underneath it all is a deeper Davos anxiety: few institutions are more inextricably linked to neoliberalism and the globalization movement than the conference. Where does globalization go in an age of rising nationalism and great power competition, when the United States itself is launching trade wars?
The Economist’s recent cover story, which attempts to describe the Davos zeitgeist each year, criticized the “new logic that threatens globalization.” It criticized the Biden administration’s “abandonment of free-market standards in favor of an aggressive industrial policy,” citing subsidy-laden programs to support the country’s green transition as well as new efforts to make the country a semiconductor manufacturing hotspot.
All of this, according to the historically liberal Economist, has “kicked off a perilous spiral into protectionism worldwide,” fraying the global order that the US spent decades constructing and securing in the aftermath of World War II. It may potentially jeopardize “liberal democracy and market capitalism’s causes.”
The Davos hosts want to maintain the status quo.
Tuesday’s launch panel, comprising economic historians Adam Tooze and Niall Ferguson, will debate “de-globalization or re-globalization.” The latter approach mirrors current developments, with governments and multinational corporations redirecting supply chains away from conflict zones and unfriendly states. It is visible with the exit of a large number of Western corporations from Russia and China.
“I would say we are in a re-globalizing moment,” Malaysian Trade and Industry Minister Tengku Zafrul Aziz told me at his country’s pavilion along Davos’ snow-lined central promenade. He believes that while companies and enterprises may benefit in the near term from shifting away from China and into Southeast Asian markets, the larger picture is more concerning.
“People are getting more compartmentalized,” he remarked. “In the long run, we are concerned about rising trade expenses.”
According to the forum, this year’s attendance includes more than 50 heads of state or government, 56 finance ministers, 19 governors of central banks, 30 trade ministries, and 35 foreign ministers, making it the largest gathering of political and business leaders ever.
The majority of the world’s leading economic leaders, though, are conspicuously absent. German Chancellor Olaf Scholz will be the only Group of Seven leaders to attend, with his European peers presumably keen to avoid the optics of rubbing shoulders with the global elite while their own populations deal with cost-of-living difficulties. The key officials from the Biden administration are US climate envoy John F. Kerry and US Trade Representative Katherine Tai, who, given the current state of affairs, may find herself in some heated discussions over the week.
Following a pause caused by the pandemic, China has dispatched its own high-level delegation, led by Vice Premier Liu He, who is scheduled to deliver one of the event’s major keynote addresses on Tuesday. It is a revival of Beijing’s engagement with the forum, albeit not at the level seen in 2017 when Chinese President Xi Jinping keynoted events with a speech championing globalization that portrayed China as an upholder of the liberal system. It was interpreted at the time as a declaration of intent by a leader eager to take the mantle of global leadership, as well as a thinly veiled jibe at the recently appointed ultranationalist Trump government bent on populist disruption.
That occasion at Davos was perhaps a watershed moment for Xi on the global scene.
His dictatorial hand has tightened at home in the years afterward, while many nations worldwide regard China under his leadership as a threat, if not necessarily a foe. Whatever the World Economic Forum’s pleas for discussion and collaboration, there is a growing consensus in the West that Xi’s ambitions for Taiwan must be checked. There is now an emerging consensus that China’s admittance to the World Trade Organization two decades ago — possibly the single most momentous event in the history of globalization — was a mistake.
In 2013, WEF organizers praised Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev’s participation as a national leader who grasped “global obligations.” Of course, Medvedev and Russian President Vladimir Putin, as well as the entourage of Russian billionaires and business leaders who used to throw some of the most expensive parties on the fringes of the forum, are now all persona non grata in Davos. The conflict in Ukraine will cast a shadow over the talks, with a large delegation from Kyiv, including Ukrainian First Lady Olena Zelenska, in attendance.
Looking into the future.
A large portion of the discussion has little to do with politicians’ or pundits’ doom-mongering. There will be hundreds of lectures and events highlighting various examples of private-sector innovation and collaboration on topics ranging from food security to youth education to forestry (WEF has pledged to restore and plant a trillion trees around the world). WEF organizers describe the forum’s attendees as enabling “systems positive change” and guiding the globe toward a better, more sustainable future in rosy technocratic language.
“There’s skepticism around Davos; they can say it’s a talk shop,” Penjani Mkambula, who works at the Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition on fortifying grains with minerals and vitamins in the developing world, told me. “However, there are numerous advantages that emerge. A lot of alliances are formed, a lot of work is done, and the effects are sometimes visible years later.”
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Population in China Declines for the First Time in Decades, Alarms Starting to Ring
China’s population decreased for the first time in six decades last year, a historic reversal that is believed to signal the start of a long era of fall in its citizen numbers with far-reaching ramifications for the country’s economy and the rest of the world.
The dip, the worst since 1961, the final year of China’s Great Famine, adds credence to forecasts that India would overtake China as the world’s most populous country this year.
According to the National Bureau of Statistics, China’s population would have decreased by approximately 850,000 to 1.41175 billion by the end of 2022.
Long-term, UN scientists predict that China’s population would fall by 109 million by 2050, more than double the decline predicted in 2019.
Domestic demographers are worried that China may become old before it becomes rich, stalling the economy as revenues fall and government debt rises due to rising health and welfare bills.
“China’s demographic and economic prospects are far worse than anticipated. China’s social, economic, defense, and diplomatic policies will all need to be adjusted” Yi Fuxian, a demographer, stated.
He went on to say that the country’s declining labor force and manufacturing slump would worsen high pricing and rising inflation in the United States and Europe.
Birthrate keeps on falling
Last year, China’s birth rate was 6.77 births per 1,000 people, down from 7.52 births in 2021 and the lowest rate on record.
The death rate was 7.37 fatalities per 1,000 people, the highest since 1974 during the Cultural Revolution, compared to 7.18 deaths in 2021.
Much of the demographic collapse is the result of China’s one-child policy, which was implemented between 1980 and 2015, as well as sky-high education expenditures, which have discouraged many Chinese from having more than one child if any at all, and had long-term effects on the population.
Following the release of the results on Tuesday, the data became the top trending subject on Chinese social media. One hashtag, “#Is it really necessary to have children?” received hundreds of millions of views.
“The primary reason why women do not want to have children is due to society’s and men’s unwillingness to take on the task of parenting children. Women who give birth have a significant drop in their quality of life and spiritual life ” Joyful Ned, a netizen, shared his thoughts.
Impact of regulations
According to population experts, China’s strict zero-COVID regulations, which have been in effect for three years, have harmed the country’s demographic outlook.
Since 2021, local governments have implemented policies to encourage families to have more children, such as tax breaks, extended maternity leave, and housing subsidies. President Xi Jinping also stated in October that the government would implement additional helpful policies.
However, thus far, measures have done little to halt the long-term trend.
Searches for baby strollers on China’s Baidu search engine fell 17% in 2022 and are down 41% since 2018, while searches for baby bottles have declined by more than a third since 2018. Searches for aged care facilities, on the other hand, increased eightfold last year.
In India, Google Trends reveals a 15% year-on-year growth in searches for baby bottles in 2022, while searches for cribs increased nearly fivefold.
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China’s Quick Reopening Pace Brings a Mixed Bag of Emotions Globally
The quick reopening of China’s economy from COVID lockdowns brightens the outlook for global investors eager to leave behind one of the worst years on record, but it may also exacerbate the inflationary pressures policymakers think are subsiding.
The impact of the world’s second-largest economy reopening on financial markets, which suffered double-digit losses last year as inflation and interest rates rose, is critical.
Emerging markets, commodity currencies, oil, travel, and European luxury companies are among the top buying bets on recovery optimism.
It will undoubtedly be a rocky voyage. COVID instances, deaths, and the economic impact on China from epidemic infections have yet to be seen, but commodities prices are already rising, raising the likelihood of inflation.
For the time being, investors are focused on the positives, anticipating additional stimulus measures from Beijing with the health crisis and economic impact on China peaking in the first quarter.
“The reopening story is looking fairly positive, and… China is pouring a lot of credit and fiscal stimulus into the economy,” said Edward Al Hussainy, senior interest rate and currency strategist at Columbia Threadneedle, which oversees $546 billion in assets.
“That boost is permeating global asset values.”
The reopening of China also alleviates the sting of recessionary threats. Goldman Sachs forecasts the eurozone economy to grow by 0.6% this year, up from a previous projection of a decline.
According to Chris Iggo, chief investment officer for core investments at AXA Investment Managers, “Chinese demand will offset the story in the West…” as consumer demand and company spending have decreased, while interest rates have risen.
Emerging markets, which are expected to profit from tourism and trade with China, were at the top of the buy list.
The Thai baht was a favorite of Hussainy and other investors. It has risen to its highest level since March and is up about 5% since the beginning of December.
Prior to the pandemic, Chinese tourists accounted for a quarter of all annual visitors to Thailand.
Amundi, Europe’s largest investor, believes the reopening may signal a “turning moment” for emerging market shares, a trade also supported by BlackRock’s investment institute.
According to Goldman Sachs, company earnings in Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand should increase.
Chile, the world’s largest copper producer, is another investment favorite. Its peso has risen 7% since early December, as copper prices have risen near $9,000 for the first time since June.
According to BlueBay Asset Management fund manager Zhenbo Hou, the commodity-driven Australian dollar could appreciate further.
Prior to the pandemic, China was the world’s largest outbound travel market.
Chinese customers “will rush to Beijing International Capital Airport and flee the country as quickly as they can because they want to travel,” according to Alison Shimada, head of overall developing markets at Allspring Global Investments.
Travel may also boost European luxury stocks, as Chinese demand has dropped since the outbreak began, according to UBS, accounting for approximately 17% of industry sales vs 33% in 2019. This should increase valuations.
LVMH shares (LVMH) reached a new high this week.
The reopening of China was expected to weaken the safe-haven currency while benefiting the euro. China is the European Union’s most important trading partner, accounting for around 16% of total goods trade.
According to Barclays analysts, China’s slowing was responsible for more than half of the euro’s loss against the dollar last year.
According to them, the reopening boosts the outperformance of European stocks and calls into question the consensus underweight strategy. UBS is also bullish on European materials, industrials, and consumer discretionary stocks.
CAUTION ON INFLATION
However, the boost from China’s reopening raises fears about inflation.
China is the world’s largest importer of oil and other commodities; oil prices have jumped 10% since mid-December to almost $84 per barrel.
“One thing we need to keep an eye on is if China’s resurgence adds to global inflationary pressures,” AXA’s Iggo added.
The aim is that the global economic slowdown will offset China’s increased commodity consumption, reducing the inflationary impact.
According to Goldman Sachs, a return to regular travel and transportation behavior in China might increase oil demand by 1.5-2 million barrels per day. Still, slower global growth implies oil prices won’t reach $140 highs until 2022.
“At this point in time, the rate hike is really starting to have the anticipated impact on inflation, which I think should play out over the course of the year, even with China reopening,” said Jason Pride, Glenmede’s chief investment officer of private wealth.
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Rules and Regulation of Halal Certification
Definition Applicant: Organisation applying for Halal certification by International Halal Certification(IHC).
Client: the Organisation has contracted with International Halal Certification(IHC) for Halal certification services.
Application Form: Document used to gather and record client specific information necessary to make an informed decision regarding the requisite competence required to conduct an effective audit.
Certification Scheme In order to obtain and retain certification all applicants and clients to the scheme must adhere to the following rules of the scheme.
All information deemed necessary by International Halal Certification(IHC) in order to complete the assessment should be made available by the applicant through the applicable application form. Along with the application form all of the Annexures shall be duly filled by the applicant as these are the important part of the certification system.
International Halal Certification(IHC) will run the scheme in transparent and fair manner without prejudice and discrimination of any applicant due to its size, type of business, financial or political background. Furthermore, access to the certification process is not conditional upon the client membership of any association or group, nor certification is conditional upon the number of certifications already issued. There is not undue financial or other conditions.
International Halal Certification(IHC) can decline to accept an application or maintain a contract for certification from a client when fundamental or demonstrated reasons exist, such as the client participating in illegal activities, having a history of repeated non-compliances with certification/product requirements, or similar client-related issues.
International Halal Certification(IHC) shall be responsible for complete process and all activities of certification, from the initial document review, audit/evaluation of the client’s Halal Management System through periodic surveillance audits and re-assessment audits/evaluations.
International Halal Certification(IHC) shall inform the client of the initial audit/evaluation results and if not satisfied that all the requirements for the certification are being met, shall inform the client of those aspects in which the application is deemed non-compliant.
When the client can demonstrate that effective remedial action has been taken to meet all the requirements within a specified time limit, International Halal Certification(IHC) will review the remedial action and determine the suitability of awarding certification.
All certificated clients are entitled to provide feedback and suggestions relating to the potential areas for improvement of the rules & regulations. International Halal Certification(IHC) reserves the right to make minor changes and corrections to these Rules & Regulations without prior notification. Clients will be given prior notice of any changes that affect their responsibilities or liabilities.
The client shall ensure that the question of responsibility to International Halal Certification(IHC) for the certified system is clearly defined, e.g. by appointing a designated person who is nominated to maintain contact with International Halal Certification(IHC) to ensure that the above provisions have been observed.
The client shall permit scheme accreditation representatives or trainee International Halal Certification(IHC) auditors all reasonable access for the purpose of observing International Halal Certification(IHC)’s auditors/evaluators performing initial audit/ evaluation and/or surveillance activities.
Evaluation for Certification Audit
Initial audits/evaluations shall be conducted against the following internationally approved standards and procedures;
- product certification schemes i.e. UAE.S 2055 -1:2015, PS 3733 etc,
- Applicable legislations and Directives
- And/or sector schemes’ series of documents.
Certification When an initial audit/evaluation has been completed and systems deemed to be satisfactory to the standard requirements by the approved Decision Committee, the relevant Scheme Manager shall inform the applicant accordingly and issue a certificate of Halal product certification.
Surveillance frequency will be stipulated as either once or twice each year, but additional visits may be conducted at the discretion of the Scheme of International Halal Certification(IHC).
Certification has 03 years validity and dependents on compliance with the criteria established, outcome of surveillance audits and or lab test results. However, every year certificate will be revised as the certificate expiry period is 01 year which is counted with the date of issuance of first certification certificate or recertification subject to the client continuing to meet the certification requirements detailed within the rules & regulations and maintained Scheme.
*for abattoir, animal slaughtering or processing facility or the meat storage facility, the follow up audits frequency may be varied from 6 months to 12 months including surprise or unannounced visits.
It may be necessary for International Halal Certification(IHC) to conduct audits of certificated clients at short notice to investigate complaints, or in response to changes, or as a follow-up on suspended clients. Under such circumstance International Halal Certification(IHC) shall exercise additional care in the assignment of the audit team.
The certificate will remain the property of International Halal Certification(IHC) and shall always be returned on request.
All clients shall maintain a log of all customer complaints they receive which fall within the scope of registration for which a certificate has been awarded. The details responding actions against these customer complaints shall be available for International Halal Certification(IHC) review in the audit.
A client wishing to extend the scope of its certification to cover additional products, processes, services or sites shall apply to International Halal Certification(IHC) in writing. A Manager Operation /CEO shall review the nature of extension and decide on the necessary audits/evaluations to be performed.
Publication by Certificate Holders
A client has the right to publish that the defined or applied product/s, have been certified by International Halal Certification(IHC) and apply Halal certification mark/Seal to the successfully approved halal products for which the certificate applies.
In every case, the client shall take sufficient care of its publications and advertising so that no confusion arises between product certification, certificated and non-certificated business scopes covering product and/or services, which may mislead the market. The client shall not make any claim that could mislead purchasers.
* Instruction for the use of International Halal Center (IHC) Halal mark/seal is also maintained on the website for client further assistance and review.
Publication by International Halal Certification(IHC)
Non-confidential information relating to a client certificated Halal system may be placed in the public domain by International Halal Certification(IHC) with due consent of the Client (if required) as follow;
- Name / logo of the client
- Certification scope and product category
- Validity of the certification
- Standard on which certification is based.
- Any other information if and when required.
International Halal Certification(IHC) shall endeavor to ensure that its employees and contractors maintain secrecy concerning all confidential information with which they become acquainted as a result of their agreement with the client.
The client shall maintain confidentiality of all commercial terms and conditions with International Halal Certification(IHC) for certification services.
Information about a particular client of individual shall not be disclosed to any third party without the written consent of the client or individual concerned.
Where International Halal Certification(IHC) is required by law to release confidential information to a third party, the client or individual concerned shall, unless regulated by law, be notified in advanced of the information provided.
When confidential information is made available to other bodies, (e.g. accreditation body, agreement group or a peer assessment scheme,) confidentiality of information viewed will be assured during access by these bodies.
Misuse of a Certificate and Halal Mark/Seal
International Halal Certification(IHC) shall take all reasonable precautions to control the use of its certificates and Halal Mark/Seal by the certificated clients.
Incorrect references to certifications or misleading use of certificates and Halal Mark/ Seal found in advertisements; catalogues, products etc. shall be dealt with by suitable actions, which could include legal or corrective action or publicizing the transgression.
Clients are invited to report to the Operation Manager / CEO any misuse of the International Halal Certification(IHC)’s marks which comes to their attention. The source of all information received will be treated in confidence.
* Instruction for the use of International Halal Center (IHC) Halal mark/seal is also maintained on the website
Suspension/ Termination of Certification
The certificate applicable to a specific business scope covering product, process, service, site or organisation may be suspended for a limited period (in most cases the suspension would not exceed 6 months) in, but not limited to the following cases: –
- If the regular surveillance or recertification audit shows non-compliance with the requirements which is of such a nature that does not require immediate withdrawal.
- If a case of improper use of the certificate, e.g. misleading prints or advertising is not solved by suitable retractions or other appropriate remedial measures by the client.
- Non-payment of fees as contracted.
- The client has voluntarily requested a suspension or termination.
- If there has been any other contravention of the certification rules and regulations.
- If corrective action requests (CAR’s) have not been implemented within specified time scales.
- if the surveillance or re-audit is delayed by more than 2 months beyond the due date.
The client shall not identify as a International Halal Certification(IHC) certificated organisation covering the product, process or service that has been offered in the course of suspension.
The Scheme Manager of International Halal Certification(IHC) will confirm an official suspension of the certificate to the client. At the same time the Manager Operation / CEO shall indicate under which conditions the suspension will be removed.
At the end of the suspension period, an investigation will be carried out to determine whether the indicated conditions for reinstating the certificate have been fulfilled.
On fulfillment of these conditions the suspension could be lifted by notifying the client that the certification has been reinstated.
If the conditions are not fulfilled, the certificate shall be withdrawn.
All costs incurred by International Halal Certification(IHC), in the suspending and reinstating of certificates will be charged to the client.
Withdrawal / Cancellation of Certificate
Failure to resolve the issues that have resulted in the suspension of certification in a time specified by International Halal Certification(IHC) shall result in withdrawal or reduction of the scope of certification. A certificate may be withdrawn or the scope of certification reduced in the following cases: –
- If the audit shows that the non-compliance is of a serious nature.
- if the surveillance or re-audit is delayed by more than 4 months beyond the due date
- If the client fails to settle the due payment of its financial obligation.
- If the client fails to take adequate measures in case of suspension.
- If any actions are taken by the client which would bring the International Halal Certification(IHC)’s scheme into disrepute.
In the above cases International Halal Certification(IHC) has the right to withdraw the certificate by informing the client. The client shall have the right to appeal.
Certificates will be cancelled in the following cases: –
- If the client does not wish to continue certification to the scheme.
- if the product, process or service is no longer offered
- If the client ceases trading for whatever reason.
When International Halal Certification(IHC) receives a report of certificate misuse the report shall be investigated. If misuse is substantiated, the cost of the investigation shall be paid by the certificate holder.
International Halal Certification(IHC) will determine the scope of misuse and the type of corrective action to be undertaken.
Complaints Handling Process
Should the client have cause to complain regarding the conduct of International Halal Certification(IHC)’s staff, the complaint should be made in writing and addressed to the relevant Concerned of International Halal Certification(IHC).
Should the complaint be made against the any concerned person, the letter of complaint should be addressed to International Halal Certification(IHC) responsible top management.
Complaints received by International Halal Certification(IHC) from any stakeholder regarding the activities of a certificated client shall be referred to that client at an appropriate time. The complaint shall be investigated in accordance with the International Halal Certification(IHC) complaints handling process procedure.
The alleged complaint is logged and evaluated to establish its validity, with any requisite corrective and preventive action instigated where necessary. This process shall be subject to requirements of confidentiality. International Halal Certification(IHC) shall determine, together with the client and complainant, whether and, if so to what extent, the subject of the complaint and its resolution shall be made public.
The client has the right to appeal against any notification given regarding the suspension, reduction in scope or withdrawal of certification by International Halal Certification(IHC).
Notification of an client’s intention to appeal must be made in writing, and must be received by the relevant of International Halal Certification(IHC) within fourteen days of receipt of notification of failure to comply with the certification requirements.
International Halal Certification(IHC) shall make the suspended status of the certification publicly accessible.
The client has the right to object to involvement of particular members of the International Halal Certification(IHC)’s management in the appeals procedure if evidence can be provided that their impartiality is compromised. The appellants also have the right to present their case in person at their own expense.
The decision of the Impartiality Committee shall be final and binding on both the client and International Halal Certification(IHC). Once the Impartiality Committee has made a decision regarding an appeal, no counter claim by either party in dispute can be made to amend or change this decision. Decisions on appeals will be made within 60 days of receipt of the appeal.
In instances where the appeal has been successful and the award made or reinstated, reimbursement of costs of appeals will only be made at the discretion of the top management.
Submission investigation and decisions on appeals shall not result in any discriminatory actions against the appellant.
International Halal Certification(IHC) shall be entitled to charge fees at a level to be determined from time to time having regard to its operating costs relating to the services, administration and long term development of the services.
Commercial arrangements are detailed in service proposals or other agreements between International Halal Certification(IHC) and the clients.
Notice of Changes
All clients are required to inform International Halal Certification(IHC) without delay of matters that may affect the capability of the management system to continue to fulfil the requirements of the standard used for certification. The matters include changes relating to:
- the legal, commercial, organizational status or ownership,
- organization and management (e.g. key managerial, decision-making or technical staff),
- modifications to the product or the production method,
- contact address and production sites,
- major changes to the quality/halal management system.
International Halal Certification(IHC)’s auditors must also be notified of all changes made to the management system since the previous visit.
International Halal Certification(IHC) shall give its certificated clients due notice of any changes to its requirements for certification.
- Agreement Subject.
The Client requests the Certification of Halal according to UAE or Pakistan Halal Standard and its consequent Surveillance for the maintenance of the validity of the Certificate of the company
- Obligations of the Client
- The Client shall pay remuneration to the Certification Body. The amount of this remuneration is stated in the offer accepted by the Client which is based on the price list and the general terms of business of the International Halal Certification (IHC), which are an integral part of the offer (unless they are in contradiction to this Agreement).
- The Client shall set available to the Certification Body before the audit (certification, surveillance audit, recertification) all valid, relevant to the Management System documentation (Management System Manual, documented procedures and work instructions), as well as internal audits’ and management reviews’ records.
- During the audit (certification, surveillance audit, recertification) the Client shall provide all required and necessary information for the conduction of the audit and allow the auditor(s) access to all concerned organizational units, product raw and packaging materials.
- The Client shall allow access to all processes and locations, records and personnel for the purposes of the certification, surveillance, recertification and complaints’ settlement.
- The Client has the obligation to take action to facilitate, if needed, the presence of observers (e.g. accreditation auditors, trainee auditors).
- The Client shall appoint a Halal management representative (Halal Management System’s responsible person) authorized to support the auditor(s). The Halal Management Representative preferably the Muslim.
- After the issue of the Certificate, the Client is obliged to notify the Certification Body of any significant changes relevant to the Management System (e.g. changes in the ownership, in the facilities, in the scope of the Halal certification etc.) as well as any changes in the structure of the company that affect the Management System.
The Client is obliged to record all deviations relevant to the Management System and their removal, and present them to the audit team during the audit. These deviations include references from state authorities that control the Client ‘s company according to applicable legal and regulatory requirements.
- The Client adapts to the requirements of the Certification Body, when referring to the company‘s Certification in the media, like the internet, promotional brochures, advertisements on products or other documents. The client shall not make any misleading statement regarding the Certification or use any certification document or any part of it in a misleading way.
- In case of suspension or withdrawal of the Certification, the Client shall stop the advertising that contains references to his Certification and also modify the advertising in case of a reduction of the scope of the Certification.
- At any case, the Client is not allowed to use International Halal Certification(IHC) Halal Mark/Seal in a confusing way, misleading the public about the scope of the Certification.
- The Client shall maintain the confidentiality of all of the IHC documents comes in their possession during the course of certification activities.
- Obligations of the Certification Body.
- The Certification Body is obliged to treat any information about the company made available by the Client with confidentiality, to utilize it only for the purposes of this Agreement and not to pass it on to third parties, unless this is prescribed by law, regulation, notice, or directive of an authority. The Client may release the Certification Body from these obligations in writing. The Accreditation Body of the Certification Body is excluded from the before mentioned obligations.
- The Certification Body shall conduct the Certification, according to the Certification procedure and award the Certificate in case of a positive result. The Certification Body is also obliged to conduct all the necessary audits for the maintenance of the validity of the Certificate.
- In case of a negative audit result, the Client is given additional time to withdraw the non conformities that have been found and apply relevant corrective actions. The Certification Body may conduct an additional audit in order to verify the application of the corrective actions. The responsible auditor or the Certification Body’s representative shall decide on the extent of the necessary corrective actions. If the Client fails to use the additional time for the application of the corrective actions or if the non conformities found are not possible to withdraw, the audit, and, consequently, the Certification are considered to have a negative result.
- The Certification Body shall inform the Client after issuance of the Certificate about relevant changes of the Certification procedure immediately affecting the Client.
- After a positive Certification decision and until the termination of this agreement, the Certification Body shall include the Client’s company in the list of International Halal Certification(IHC) Certified companies with reference to the activities for which it is certified, unless the Client clearly objects to this.
- The Certification Body shall give certified clients the needed due notice of any changes in requirements for Certification and verify that each Certified client complies with the new requirements.
- The Certification Body shall exercise proper control of the property and shall consider inaccurate references in relation to the level of Certification or misleading use of Certification documents, marks/seal or audit reports. The result of this action may lead to the need for corrective actions on behalf of the Client or to suspension, withdrawal of the Certification, publication of the circumvention and, if necessary, legal action.
- The Certification Body shall take down in writing any complaints by the Client relevant to the Certification procedure. If no agreement can be reached between the Client and the Certification Body, the steering/Impartiality committee of the Certification Body decides on involving the arbitral body.
- Surveillance Audit
The Certificate is valid for (01) year since the date of issue, in case of initial certification or re-certification, and new certificate will be issued as long as surveillance audits are conducted, with a positive result, every year, based on the last date of the certification audit till 03 years of contract. In particularly justified cases, a surveillance audit in less time may be necessary. The decision for this necessity lies in the discretion of the Certification Body.
In case of a valid Certificate transfer from another Accredited Certification Body, the expiry date of the Certificate that International Halal Certification (IHC) will issue, will be the same of the one of the Certificate of the previous Certification Body. Yearly surveillance audits must be conducted, with a positive result, in this case also.
- Scope of the Right to Use the International Halal Certification(IHC) Halal Mark/Seal and the Certificate
- International Halal Certification(IHC) is the owner of the Halal Mark/seal. After the issue of the Certificate, the Certification Body gives the Client the right to use the Halal Mark/Seal as shown in para 11 below.
- The right to use the International Halal Certification(IHC) Halal Mark/seal refers exclusively to the Client’s Certified product and the specific scope of the Certification. The use of the logo for any other business unit of the Client’s company or for any other activity is prohibited.
- The International Halal Certification(IHC) Halal Mark/Seal may only be used in the form depicted in Annex 3. The mark/seal must be easily legible and clearly visible. The Client is obliged to submit respective drafts for the planned use of the mark/seal in company‘s correspondence documents, and on the certified products etc. to the Certification Body before using them, in order to be approved.
- The International Halal Certification(IHC) mark/seal may only be used on products or products’ packages or use it with regard to products or production procedures. The right to use the logo is limited to the authorized Client and cannot be assigned to any third party or any legal successor of the Client, without prior consent of the Certification Body. If such an assignment is legitimate, a request shall be submitted. There may be a need for a conduction of a new audit.
- In case of claims against the Certification Body for improper use of the International Halal Certification(IHC) Halal Mark/Seal by the Client, the latter, in accordance with the provisions for the producer’s responsibility, is obliged to relieve the Certification Body of any third party claim. The same applies also in case of claims against the Certification Body by third parties for improper promotional claims made by the Client.
- The Client shall use the International Halal Certification(IHC) Halal Mark/Seal for competition purposes, in such a way, that the reference to the company is within the Certification context. The Client shall make sure not to create the impression that the Certification was granted after an audit by a state or governmental authority.
- The Client has no right to make any changes to the Certificates.
- Termination of the right to use the International Halal Certification(IHC) Halal Mark/Seal and the Certificate
- The right of the Client to use the International Halal Certification(IHC) Halal Mark/Seal and to maintain the Certificate shall be terminated immediately, if:
- the Client does not inform the Certification Body for significant changes in the company’s structure or indication of such changes, that have a direct impact on the Certification (e.g. change in legal form, change of company’s headquarters address, or changes in the product raw or packaging material)
- the result of the surveillance audit, according to Clause 4 of this Agreement, does not justify the maintenance of the Certificate any more
- the surveillance audits cannot be carried out for reasons the Certification Body cannot justify
- Bankruptcy proceedings are instituted against the property of the Client or if a bankruptcy petition against the latter is dismissed for lack of assets,
- the Client does not pay the Certification Body’s fee within the prescribed by the Certification Body time limit
- the Certification or the maintenance of the Certificate is prohibited by a state or governmental authority or by a court.
- if the Client uses the International Halal Certification(IHC) Halal Mark/Seal in a way contrary to the specified in Clause 5 (2) to 5 (7) or in a way contrary to the provisions of this Agreement. If the requirements of Clauses 5(2) to (7) and 6 are not satisfied, the Certification Body has the right to withdraw and cancel the Certificate.
In case of termination of the right to use the Certificate, the Client is obliged to return promptly the original of the Certificate to the Certification Body.
- The issued Certificate certifies that the Client satisfies at the specific time (time of the on-site audit) the requirements of the standard by which the evaluation is made. The Certificate does not warrant neither certifies the compliance of the quality of the Client’s products or services, but only the compliance of the specified halal products as per the defined raw and packaging material used in them. The certificate also does not warrant to all those raw and packaging material that is amended or changed in the certified product without prior notification to the IHC.
- The Certification Body does not warrant that the Client will get, because of the Certification, positive decisions or approvals, by relevant state or governmental authorities, regulatory bodies, other technical inspection bodies or similar organizations that can conclude on the Client’s company or products. Granting of the Certificate does not warrant the success in undertaking by the Client of projects, in the public or the private sector, for which the Certification is a prerequisite.
- Responsibility of the Certification Body
- The issued Certificate certifies that the Client satisfies at the specific time (time of the on-site audit) the requirements of the standard by which the evaluation is made. The Certification Body has no responsibility if the Client does not apply constantly the Certified Management System/Product. The Certificate does not warrant neither certifies the compliance of the quality of the Client’s products or services, but only the compliance of the specified halal products as per the defined raw and packaging material used in them. The certificate also does not warrant to all those raw and packaging material that is amended or changed in the certified product without prior notification to the IHC.
- The Certification Body is not responsible for any changes in the Client’s company that affect the Halal Certification, for which the Certification Body is not informed.
- The Certification Body conducts the Halal Audits according to UAE or Pakistan Halal Standard and does not at any case substitute the control of state or governmental authorities, regulatory bodies, other technical inspection bodies or similar organizations.
- If a claim is filed against the Certification Body by a third party, because of circumstances out of the sphere of the Certification Body, the Client shall hold the Certification Body harmless against any liability. In any case, the Certification Body has the right to demand from the Client refund for any compensation paid to third parties for anything beyond the Certification Body’s responsibility and anything that is not relevant to the Certification.
- This Agreement/Proposal comes into force upon signature by both parties and is valid for (3) three years after the date of signature in case of initial certification or recertification.
- The right for immediate termination for an important reason, is not affected. An important reason is considered especially when there are the conditions for the termination of the right to use the International Halal Certification (IHC) Halal Mark/Seal or the Certificate, as specified in Clause 6 of this Agreement.
- Notifications Any document relevant to the Agreement, including any judicial documents, will be lawfully delivered to the address declared in this Agreement even if it (residence or company’s headquarters) is shut down or the parties have abandoned them, unless one party notifies the other for a change of residence or headquarters’ address. In that case the new address will be considered as valid for the above communication.
- Any changes and amendments of this Agreement must be written in order to be legally effective. All terms of this Agreement are considered as essential.
- If one or more terms of this Agreement become invalid, this does not mean the whole Agreement is invalid. The parties should replace the invalid term(s) with reference to the principles of good faith and best working practices and according to this Agreement. Any delay or failure on behalf of the Certification Body to exercise its rights, cannot be considered as a resignation from these rights.
Financial Support/Resources:International Halal Certification obtains its financial resources/support by providing its Halal Certification services to the companies who want to get their Products Halal Certified..
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Introduction to Kajabi Can Kajabi Site Be Seen On A Smart Tv
For those of you who prefer a more visual experience, here is a video review from Legit Marketing Reviews’ YouTube channel. Do check out our article below, however, because it has a comprehensive overview of Kajabi.
Kajabi is a platform that allows you to create, market and sell digital products. These products can include online courses, coaching programs, membership sites and physical products. It gives users the ability to manage and create their digital businesses from one location.
Kajabi makes it easy to create a professional website and build your online presence. You can also manage your customers and track sales performance with their easy-to-use analytics dashboard.
Kajabi makes setting up your business easy, so you can focus on what is important: growing your business. You can create beautiful landing pages, earn income through automated emails, set up customized payment options, and build membership sites that are powerful without having to know any coding.
Kajabi was founded in 2009 with the goal of simplifying the process of distributing ideas around the globe. It was started by Kenny Reuter, Travis Rosser, with the goal of making online course creation easy for entrepreneurs and business owners. They provide a platform that allows them to build and manage their own digital businesses.
Overall, Kajabi provides users with a simple user interface, that allows them to quickly build and manage their online courses, websites and marketing campaigns. Analytics, marketing automation tools, and payment integration options allow users to market their courses effectively and track their campaign performance.
What can Kajabi be used for?
Kajabi is best used for creating and selling online courses, membership sites, and digital products. Kajabi makes it easy to create beautiful landing pages, courses, and membership sites. You can also use Kajabi to create and sell digital products such as eBooks, webinars, and online courses.
Kajabi is also used as a learning management system (LMS). It is used to create and manage online courses. Kajabi is an excellent LMS because it allows you to track student progress and create exams and quizzes. You can also provide certification.
Kajabi is available to course creators, content marketers, and e-learning sites. Can Kajabi Site Be Seen On A Smart Tv
Key features of Kajabi include:
- Course and membership site creation tools
- Marketplace for user-to-user transaction of learning products via e-commerce
- Complete marketing automation platform for sales funnels, email campaigns and follow up sequences
- Analytics to track all aspects of the online course business from users to courses offered and sold over a period of time
Kajabi is an all-in-one platform that allows you to create and grow your online business. You can create websites with ease using drag-and-drop tools, as well as content management systems, marketing automation and membership sites. Payment gateways are also available.
With Kajabi’s features you can easily create any type of website or course that you need. It can be used to manage customer relationships, and to process payments.
Kajabi’s intuitive user interface makes it simple for anyone to start quickly, without needing to be an expert in web design and coding.
Kajabi has some unique features, including:
Course and Membership Site Builder
Kajabi’s drag-and-drop course creator makes it easy to create membership sites, online courses and digital products. Kajabi’s website builder also allows users to personalize and customize the look and feel of your website with themes, colors, fonts, and images.
Users can also add custom code to enhance their website if they wish. Kajabi’s website builders offer a range of tools, including SEO optimization, content delivery network (CDN), analytics tracking and marketing automation. Can Kajabi Site Be Seen On A Smart Tv
Hosted Webinars and Live Streaming
Kajabi allows users to host webinars or live stream their content directly from the platform. These Kajabi webinars are mostly designed to help people learn about different aspects of the Kajabi platform.
Most of the time, these cover topics such as setting up your business with Kajabi, creating and selling digital products, marketing and promotions, and more. The webinars are usually led by experienced Kajabi users who have a lot of knowledge and experience using the platform.
They provide valuable insight into how to best take advantage of its features in order to maximize success. They also share valuable tips and tricks to maximize their impact on the platform.
Automated Email Marketing and Drip Campaigns
Kajabi allows users to create automated email marketing campaigns and drip campaigns which can be tailored to specific customer segments. Automated Email Marketing by Kajabi
Kajabi’s automated marketing tool for email creation, management, and tracking is powerful and easy to use. It allows you to easily segment your email list into targeted groups and customize each email with dynamic content blocks. You can also monitor the performance of each campaign.
It also includes advanced features such as A/B testing and integration with popular third-party services like MailChimp. With Kajabi’s automated email marketing tool, you can easily connect with customers on a personal level while saving time and resources in the process.
Kajabi’s automated drip campaign is designed to nurture leads and convert them to customers. These campaigns allow you to send a series of emails that are sent out at predetermined intervals, such as when someone signs up for an email list.
These campaigns aim to keep your audience interested by providing valuable content over time. They also help you keep them interested long enough to become paying customers.
Kajabi’s drip campaigns come with built-in automation tools that make it easy to create, schedule, and manage your campaigns.
Payment Processing & Affiliate System
Kajabi allows users to process payments from customers in multiple currencies. They also set up an affiliate system for marketers who want to promote their products or services. Kajabi’s payment processing includes an integration with Stripe.
Yes, Kajabi can integrate with Stripe to process payments. Stripe, a trusted online payment processor, allows businesses to accept payments securely and quickly. With the integration, users can easily set up and manage their payments, set up recurring billing, and accept all major credit cards directly inside Kajabi.
Kajabi offers an affiliate program that you can use for promoting your products and/or services. Referring new customers to your company can earn affiliates commissions. Affiliates under yo can also earn rewards for referring their friends and family to your business, which helps you grow your customer base.
Additionally, Kajabi’s affiliate system makes it easy to track referrals and commissions so you know how successful your program is.
Analytics & Reporting Dashboard
Kajabi offers a comprehensive analytics dashboard which allows users to monitor key metrics such as conversion rates and engagement rates in real-time. The dashboard also includes Kajabi’s analytics feature, which allows users to track their progress over the course of time.
This analyis gives high-level insight into an organization’s performance, including marketing, sales, and operations data. It tracks key metrics such as website visits, leads generated, conversions, customer acquisition costs, revenue growth and more.
Additionally it can be customized to show specific metrics relevant to the user’s business. This eliminates clutter and gives users a better understanding of their business’ performance and helps them identify trends and areas for improvement.
Third Party Integration
Kajabi isn’t a perfect platform. Kajaabi offers many features, but users still have the option to integrate with third-party programs. .
And there are plenty of reasons why people would choose to integrate third party programs. Another reason would be to get used to the way a third-party program or application works in comparison to Kajabi.
Another example would be that some features of these third party apps could plainly outperform Kajabi’s functionality in certain areas. This is especially true for apps that are mainly focused on a single thing.
With that said, Kajabi has the ability to integrate with the following applications
- Google Calendar
- Microsoft Outlook
Kajabi: How to Get Started
Getting started on Kajabi is easy. Sign up, create a course or product, and you can start to build your online presence. Once your account has been created, you will be able to customize the look and feel of your site so that it reflects your own unique brand.
You can also add content such as text, images, video, audio and more. Kajabi has powerful marketing tools that you can explore, but they will only be fully appreciated if you have a product.
That said, proper use of these tools will help you build trust with potential customers and grow your business. Kajabi is very easy to use, so you can immediately start using the platform for whatever you wish. Can Kajabi Site Be Seen On A Smart Tv
Website Creation on Kajabi
You must create your website as the first thing you do on Kajabi. It is relatively easy and straightforward process and you might be done in a few hours. You can start with the free trial option, or you can upgrade to one of their paid plans. You’ll be guided step-by-step through each step.
First, you’ll need to create an account with Kajabi. After creating an account, you will be able to access their drag-and drop page builder. Here you can select from templates and personalize your website’s appearance. From there, you can add products, pages, forms, and content to your site.
The next step is setting up payment options for any products or services you plan to sell on your website. Kajabi offers several payment options, including Stripe, Authorize.net, and PayPal. Can Kajabi Site Be Seen On A Smart Tv
Once everything is set up and configured correctly on the backend, it’s time to launch your website! When that’s done, all that’s left is marketing your site so people know about it and visit it regularly. This will help ensure that your website is successful in the long run.
Course Creation in Kajabi
Another simple process is to create a Kajabi course. It is easy to create your course content using the intuitive, user-friendly interface of Kajabi.
- First, create your course. This includes selecting a name for your course, setting up any desired pricing or payment options, and customizing the look and feel of the course page. A description of the course is also required.
- Add Content: Next, you’ll add content to your course by uploading videos, audio files, text-based lessons, quizzes, and other materials as needed. You can also make courses using existing content from other platforms like YouTube and Vimeo.
- Set Up Delivery Options: Kajabi allows you to set up different delivery options so students can access your material in whatever format works best for them – whether that’s streaming the video lessons directly on their computer screen, downloading them onto their device for offline viewing later, or having access to all of the materials via email.
- Promote Your Course: Once your course is complete and ready to go live, you can use Kajabi’s built-in marketing tools like automated email sequences and coupon codes to help promote it. If you wish, you can also promote your course via social media or pay advertising campaigns.
- Track Results: Kajabi offers analytics tools that enable you to track student engagement over time. This allows you to see which areas are performing best and make adjustments if necessary.
Kajabi User Experience: What does it feel like?
Kajabi’s user experience is top-notch. The interface is intuitive and easy to navigate, allowing users to quickly set up their accounts and start creating content. Users will find the information they are looking for easily thanks to the modern design.
Additionally, Kajabi offers a variety of features such as marketing automation, email integration, payment processing, and more that make it simple for users to manage their businesses. Kajabi offers excellent customer support, so that any issues or questions can be addressed quickly.
Overall, Kajabi’s user experience feels effortless and smooth. This ensures that users get the best out of their online presence.
Kajabi Price Point: What is it Worth?
Since Kajabi is a business of itself, it goes without saying that there are costs involved in availing their services. Kajabi currently offers three plans to choose from. These are:
- Basic Plan – This is a beginner plan that is for those just starting out on the business.
- Growth Plan -This is a plan for entrepreneurs who are seeking to grow their existing business. This is for those who want to grow fast and for those who are currently not content with the size of their business.
- Pro Plan – This is Kajabi’s Top of the Line plan and is aimed at business who value 6-figure or more.
Overall, this is how Kajabi’s price plan looks:
|$149 per month, paid monthly
|$199 a month paid monthly
|$399 a month paid monthly
Kajabi Pros & Cons
The Pros of using Kajabi
- Easy to use: Kajabi is designed to be user friendly and easy to navigate, making it a great choice for beginners and experts alike.
- All-in-one platform: Kajabi offers an all-in-one solution, allowing users to create landing pages, product pages, membership sites, online courses and more – all from one platform.
- Comprehensive analytics: Kajabi provides comprehensive analytics tools that allow you to track the performance of products and promotions in real-time.
- Automated features: Kajabi provides automation features that enable you to create customized content for each customer and set up email campaigns based on individual behavior.
- Kajabi offers affordable pricing plans. Depending on your business size, there are many pricing options available that will make Kajabi affordable for all businesses. Can Kajabi Site Be Seen On A Smart Tv
The cons of Kajabi
- Kajabi is more expensive than other online courses platforms. The basic plan starts at $119 per month and the Pro plan is $319 per month. Additional fees may apply for add-ons like webinars and custom domains.
- Limited customization: Kajabi does not offer much in terms of customization options for courses, which can be a problem if you are looking to create something unique or tailor the content to your specific audience.
- Not great for beginners: Kajabi is best suited for those who already have experience with setting up websites and developing online courses, as it does not provide step-by-step instructions on how to do so.
Final Thoughts on Kajabi
Kajabi is a great platform for creating and promoting online courses. It is very easy to use, highly customizable, and offers great features that make it simple to build beautiful course websites. Creating engaging content is also pretty easy with the help of Kajabi’s drag and drop builder.
Kajabi allows users to track their progress and gain detailed insights. Additionally, Kajabi provides great support to easily get in touch with them and ask for support in case of any issues while using the platform.
Kajabi is an excellent choice for anyone looking to quickly launch an online course, or website.
Kajabi: Frequently Asked Questions Can Kajabi Site Be Seen On A Smart Tv
Is Kajabi hard to set up?
Setting up Kajabi can be a bit of a challenge, especially if you’re new to the world of online businesses.
However, it doesn’t have to be difficult if you have proper guidance and resources The platform offers comprehensive tutorials and step-by-step guides that make setting up your business easy. You can also contact customer service if you have any questions about setting up your business.
Does Kajabi own your content?
While Kajabi does provide a platform for you to create and host your content, it does not own your content.
All the content you upload to Kajabi remains your property. As long as you adhere to the terms of service, your content can be moved or deleted at your discretion. Kajabi also provides tools that allow you to protect your content from unauthorized use or distribution.
Does Kajabi allow me to sell digital products?
Yes, Kajabi lets you sell digital products.
Kajabi makes it easy to set up a store that sells digital products. You can also accept payments from your customers. The platform also has built-in marketing tools that can be used to promote your digital products to a wider audience.
Kajabi also gives you analytics that allow you to track the performance and make informed decisions regarding how to improve your digital products.
Who uses Kajabi?
Kajabi is designed for business owners, course creators and Internet entrepreneurs.
Kajabi is a platform that can be used by anyone who wants to grow their business through email, content, webinars, and social media. The platform provides many features that makes creating stunning lead-generating websites easy.
Who are some internet Gurus that Use Kajabi?
Many gurus have praised Kajabi, including Brendan Burchard, an internet marketing and self-development guru.
Other popular gurus who swear by Kajabi include Pat Flynn of Smart Passive Income and Amy Porterfield of Blogging Your Way to a Six Figure Business among others.
Is Kajabi Mobile Friendly?
Kajabi is indeed mobile friendly.
Kajabi is a great platform for business owners who want to be more mobile-friendly. Kajabi’s mobile responsiveness makes it easy to run your business from anywhere. Can Kajabi Site Be Seen On A Smart Tv
Is Kajabi an LMS or LMS?
Kajabi is an all-in-one marketing solution which includes features for website creation, social media management, email campaigns and landing pages.
It is also designed to work seamlessly with most popular e-commerce platforms like Shopify and WooCommerce. Because it integrates marketing tools, it is different from other LMSs. | <urn:uuid:7a399f69-a79d-4e81-b48a-ee59fcff5dd0> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://jazzpresentation.com/can-kajabi-site-be-seen-on-a-smart-tv/ | 2024-04-13T22:51:41Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.935496 | 4,171 | 4,403 |
In today’s digital-centric world, SEO for accountants is indispensable, acting as the bedrock for an accounting firm’s online prominence. A well-crafted SEO strategy not only boosts website visibility in organic search engine results but also spurs traffic growth and widens the scope for potential leads. For accountancy firms, the benefits of deploying advanced search engine optimisation techniques range from heightened client acquisition rates to securing a formidable competitive edge. Smaller firms can go toe-to-toe with industry giants by leveraging niche specialisations, long-tail keywords, and local SEO tactics to establish distinct market positions. Furthermore, a robust digital marketing strategy informed by SEO provides valuable insights into client preferences, enabling accountancy firms to fine-tune their approach to digital engagement.
This article aims to demystify the transformative role of SEO for accounting firms, outlining a comprehensive digital marketing strategy that encapsulates the essential elements of a triumphant online presence. It guides readers through avoiding common SEO pitfalls, maximising the impact of content marketing, and capitalising on local search engine optimization to solidify their firm’s digital authority. Echoing the professional yet inviting tone of Johnson Stanley Limited, the article ensures that its wealth of knowledge remains both enlightening and accessible. Strategic keyword integration, including terms like ‘SEO audit‘ and ‘digital marketing’, guarantees that the article is not only educational but also optimised for search engines, propelling accountancy firms towards an expansive digital footprint.
Understanding SEO and Its Impact on Accountancy Firms
Grasping the intricacies of search engine optimization is crucial for accountancy firms that aspire to expand their digital footprint and draw in more clients. Here, we delve into the pivotal aspects that showcase the profound impact of SEO for accountants on their digital marketing endeavours.
- SEO and Google Rankings: Central to SEO for accountants is the commitment to provide high-quality, pertinent information, which is instrumental in climbing the ranks of Google’s search results. Google’s sophisticated algorithms favour websites that respond to user queries with speed and precision. For accountancy firms, this underscores the importance of crafting superior content that reflects their expertise, a key strategy supported by tools like the Google Search Console to enhance their online visibility.improving their online visibility and attracting potential clients.
- Three Pillars of SEO: Mastering SEO for accountants entails a holistic approach encompassing on-page optimization, off-page strategies, and technical refinements. Each component signals to Google the calibre and relevance of a website. On-page optimisation hones in on content and strategic keyword usage; off-page SEO amplifies the site’s reputation via backlinks; and technical SEO ensures the site’s infrastructure is meticulously tuned for web crawlers. Excelling in these domains is pivotal for accountancy firms to assert their authority to search engines.Accountancy firm communicates its expertise and stands out in a crowded market.
- Local SEO and ROI: For accountancy firms, local SEO is a game-changer. By focusing on geo-specific keywords and optimising for local search queries, firms can engage with a market brimming with nearby potential clients. This targeted approach not only boosts the firm’s prominence in local searches but also yields one of the most sustainable ROIs in digital marketing, thanks to the precision of search engine optimisation.crucial for accountants to get clients online.
- Traffic and Client Conversion: The link between Google rankings and client acquisition is unmistakable; superior rankings typically correlate with increased website traffic and, subsequently, a higher volume of potential clients. For example, clinching the top position on Google for a relevant keyword can capture up to 28.5% of the traffic, leading to a marked uptick in client inquiries and engagements, a testament to the efficacy of SEO for accountants.business growth opportunities.
By weaving ‘seo for accountants’ and additional keywords such as ‘digital marketing strategy’, ‘search engine optimisation’, and ‘content marketing’ into their online presence, accountancy firms can elevate their search engine visibility while enhancing the user experience. This deliberate integration of a digital marketing strategy ensures that the firm’s online efforts not only gain prominence but also align with the preferences of their target clientele.
Key SEO Strategies for Accountants
To maximise an accounting firm’s website performance in search engine rankings, the implementation of a robust SEO strategy tailored to the accounting sector is crucial. These SEO strategies, grounded in search engine optimization principles, are vital for achieving professional and user-friendly online visibility.
- Keyword Optimization:
- Conduct thorough keyword researchConducting thorough keyword research is pivotal to comprehend the language and terms potential clients employ when in need of accounting services. This research underpins a successful SEO strategy for accountants, directing the creation of content that truly engages the intended audience.
- To sustain a competitive stance in search engine rankings, it’s essential to regularly refresh and refine blog posts and website content with targeted keywords, a practice at the heart of search engine optimisation for accountants.
- Quality Content and User Experience:
- Committing to the production of high-quality, pertinent blog content that addresses the inquiries and requirements of the accounting sector is a strategic move. This approach not only provides valuable information but also fortifies the firm’s SEO for accountants.improving search engine rankings by satisfying search intent.
- Augmenting user experience with a well-crafted website that boasts visual appeal and effortless navigation is key. Such enhancements are conducive to better crawlability and indexing, a cornerstone of search engine optimisation for mobile-friendly websites.
- On-Page and Off-Page Optimisation:
- On-page optimisation for accountants involves a focus on crafting valuable content and pinpointing relevant keywords. It’s also crucial to ensure that meta descriptions are engaging and that images are optimised with suitable alt tags to bolster search engine optimisation efforts.
- Off-Page: Build credibility by acquiring backlinks from reputable websitesBy engaging in link building and writing guest blog posts, accountancy firms signal to Google that their website is a valuable resource, effectively leveraging SEO for accountants. Utilising online directories can also offer additional exposure, enhancing their search engine optimisation efforts.
- Local and National SEO:
- For firms targeting local clientele, establishing and optimising a Google Business Profile is essential for local SEO. This strategic move allows accountants to connect with potential clients in their vicinity, making seo for accountants a local affair.
- Larger firms aiming for a broader reach should concentrate on national SEO strategies, including the use of relevant keywords and crafting keyword-rich content. This approach is a cornerstone of search engine optimization for accountants, attracting a diverse audience.Thomson Reuters.
- Technical SEO and Analytics:
- To further refine their search engine optimisation, accountancy firms should improve website speed, a key aspect of page speed optimisation, and implement schema markup, assisting search engines in better understanding the content, a savvy move for seo for accountants.
- Use analytics to track the website’s performance and make data-driven decisions for continuous improvement.
- Avoid Common SEO Mistakes:
- Accountancy firms must be vigilant to sidestep common SEO pitfalls such as inadequate keyword research, overlooking meta tags, and subpar mobile optimisation. Adhering to SEO best practices is essential for effective search engine optimisation for accountants.SEO mistakes commonly made by accounting firms.
By implementing a robust SEO strategy, an accountancy firm can significantly enhance its digital marketing strategy. Incorporating primary keywords like ‘seo for accountants’ and secondary keywords such as ‘digital marketing’, ‘search engine optimisation’, ‘accountancy firm’, and ‘content marketing’ throughout the website content will optimise the firm’s online presence, attracting the right audience and converting traffic into valuable clients.
Common SEO Mistakes to Avoid for Accountancy Firms
Accountancy firms striving to optimise their online presence must diligently avoid common SEO mistakes. Being aware of best practices in search engine optimisation is crucial to sidestep these pitfalls, ensuring their efforts in seo for accountants are not in vain.
- Niche Targeting and Keyword Expansion:
- Accounting firms should eschew a limited scope in keyword targeting and broaden their approach to incorporate a diverse array of terms and phrases that potential clients might use when seeking accounting services. This strategy should include meticulous keyword research to identify long-tail keywords that are specific and typically face less competition, aligning with effective SEO for accountants.
- Integrating SEO for accountants into the broader digital marketing strategy is crucial. Operating SEO campaigns in isolation can lead to overlooked opportunities for creating synergy across various marketing channels, enhancing the overall effectiveness of search engine optimisation efforts.
- Realistic SEO Expectations:
- Accountancy firms ought to be cautious of claims promising rapid or guaranteed rankings, as search engine optimisation is subject to frequent algorithm shifts. A gradual and steady rise in rankings is a more attainable and enduring objective. Establishing a robust foundation for SEO for accountants is key to reaping benefits in the long term.
- Quality of SEO Services:
- Selecting the most affordable SEO services without considering quality can be misleading. It is vital for firms to partner with a provider that can demystify the process and elucidate their ranking methodology transparently, ensuring the investment in search engine optimisation services for accountants translates into substantial outcomes.
- Content and Technical Optimisation:
- It is imperative for firms to resist a ‘Rank at All Costs’ mentality. Engaging in practices like reckless keyword stuffing or buying backlinks can undermine lead conversions and harm the sustainability of SEO performance. A focus on crafting high-quality, pertinent content that seamlessly integrates keywords will bolster organic SEO and benefit accountants in the long run.
- The repercussions of duplicate content are significant, potentially leading to the incorrect page surfacing in search engine results pages (SERPs), indexing challenges, and suboptimal page rankings. To ensure a robust online presence, it’s essential for firms to guarantee unique and valuable content on each page, a fundamental aspect of SEO for accountants.
- Neglecting meta tag optimization and image issues, such as missing alt text or dealing with oversized and broken images, can adversely affect user experience and site speed, impeding the site’s ranking potential. Regular site audits and optimisations are essential preventative measures for these common pitfalls in search engine optimisation for accountants.
- Avoiding Outdated SEO Practices:
- The misconception that past strategies will always yield success is outdated, especially with Google’s frequent algorithm updates. SEO professionals must embrace search engine optimisation tailored to specific niches, such as seo for accountants, and commit to regular diagnostic analysis to stay ahead.refine their methods based on these changes to avoid falling behind in SERPs.
- Keyword stuffing and cannibalization can trigger negative responses from Google, potentially leading to penalties. It’s crucial for SEO experts to find equilibrium in keyword deployment and ensure that each webpage is designed to attract a distinct set of keywords, thus preventing internal competition and enhancing search engine optimisation.
- Over-optimised anchor text can undermine SEO efforts, appearing as an attempt to game search rankings. It’s essential to maintain a variety of natural anchor text within content to support robust search engine optimization and avoid penalties, especially in specialised fields like seo for accountants.
Avoiding common mistakes and dynamically adjusting to SEO trends, accountancy firms can refine their digital marketing strategy. By weaving in keywords such as ‘seo for accountants’, ‘digital marketing strategy’, and ‘SEO strategy’, firms can bolster their search engine optimisation and secure their online growth without falling into common SEO traps.
Leveraging Local SEO for Accountancy Firms
Local SEO is paramount for accountancy firms aiming to boost their online visibility and draw clients from their immediate area. Implementing search engine optimization with a focus on local SEO and seo for accountants can be a game-changer for these businesses.
- Google My Business Optimization:
- To capitalise on local SEO, accountancy firms should create a detailed Google Business Profile. This profile should accurately reflect the firm’s name, services, location, operating hours, and contact information, ensuring it’s current and comprehensive for optimal seo for accountants.
- Encouraging satisfied clients to leave glowing reviews, and addressing any negative feedback with professionalism, is a strategic move in leveraging local SEO and search engine optimisation. This approach not only enhances the firm’s reputation but also strengthens its seo for accountants efforts.Google reviews are vital for improving local search rankings.
- Website Localisation:
- To boost the local search presence, it’s essential to develop location-specific pages on the firm’s website, incorporating local SEO strategies such as embedding local keywords, securing quality backlinks, and utilising schema markup with geographic data. This approach is a cornerstone of effective search engine optimisation, particularly for accountants.
- Ensure the website is mobile-friendly, catering to the nearly 60% of Google searches that originate from mobile devices, providing a seamless user experience across all platforms.
- Content and Keywords:
- By integrating pivotal local keywords like ‘business accountant near me,’ ‘bookkeeping services,’ and ‘tax accountant near me’ into the website’s content, firms can target local maps ranking and enhance their local SEO footprint. This strategic inclusion is a key aspect of search engine optimisation for accountants aiming to connect with their community.
- Creating comprehensive service pages for each accounting offering is vital, featuring FAQs, thorough explanations, relevant images, and well-crafted meta titles and descriptions. This not only provides value but also attracts local clients who value face-to-face interactions, reinforcing the firm’s local SEO and search engine optimization efforts.
By implementing these strategies, accountancy firms can connect with the 46% of Google searchesBy targeting users seeking local information and building citations in local business directories with consistent company details, firms can significantly increase their visibility in local search results. This strategy not only enhances local SEO but also establishes the firm’s credibility, which is essential for effective search engine optimisation for accountants. Google My BusinessOptimising Google My Business and Bing Places profiles is crucial for reinforcing the firm’s local SEO and search engine optimisation strategies. These efforts, coupled with the firm’s expertise in digital marketing, will cement its status as a preeminent accountancy firm in the local area.
Our exploration of SEO for accounting firms underscores its critical role in boosting a firm’s online visibility and client acquisition. A well-rounded digital marketing strategy that balances on-page content, off-page credibility, and technical optimizations enables accountants to maximise the digital landscape, with local SEO serving as a key component for connecting with clients who prioritise trust and proximity.
For accountancy firms to maintain a dominant online presence and achieve long-term success, engaging with the changing tides of SEO is imperative. Steering clear of common pitfalls and committing to ongoing refinement and enhancement are the hallmarks of sustainable growth and competitive edge in search engine optimisation. Partnering with an SEO Consultant can provide the expertise needed to elevate a firm’s SEO strategy. contact Johnson Stanley LimitedLet’s embark on a journey to elevate your website’s presence; together, we can harness the full potential of search engine optimisation, paving the way for your firm’s future successes. Engaging an SEO Consultant specifically versed in SEO for accountants can be a game-changer for your business.
What does SEO mean in the context of accounting?
SEO for accountants is the tailored process of enhancing an accounting firm’s website to boost its visibility for client-centric keywords. By mastering search engine optimisation, your site can ascend the ranks in search engine results pages (SERPs), making SEO a highly effective and lucrative marketing approach with its consistent results delivery.
What steps can an accounting firm take to be successful with SEO?
To propel your accounting firm’s website up the search engine rankings, consider implementing these five pivotal SEO strategies, including link building and other search engine optimisation techniques.
- Publish content that is both relevant to your audience and establishes your authority.
- Regularly update your website content to keep it fresh and engaging.
- Utilise metadata effectively to improve your site’s search engine visibility.
- Forge a website that becomes a magnet for external links, thereby bolstering its credibility and ascending in rank—a cornerstone strategy in SEO for accountants and link building.
- Ensure your website is optimised for mobile devices and address any technical SEO issues.
Can you outline the top 5 SEO strategies for an accounting firm?
Indeed! To channel organic traffic to your accounting firm’s digital doorstep, the top 5 SEO strategies include a robust digital marketing strategy and a focus on search engine optimisation tailored for accountants.
- Conduct thorough keyword research and optimise for those keywords.
- Organise your website structure to be user-friendly and search engine friendly.
- Produce high-quality content that addresses the needs and interests of your audience.
- Implement structured data to help search engines understand the content of your site.
- Regularly identify and correct technical SEO errors to maintain a healthy website.
What is the significance of SEO for businesses, including accounting firms?
SEO, an acronym for search engine optimisation, is indispensable for all businesses, especially accounting firms. It’s the strategic process aimed at boosting a website’s prominence on search engine results pages. Climbing the ranks not only attracts more pertinent traffic but can also lead to heightened client interaction and revenue growth, making SEO for accountants a pivotal component of their online success. | <urn:uuid:2b1f74db-54f1-4595-b829-f923fee8b8c3> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://johnsonstanleylimited.com/harnessing-the-power-of-seo-for-accounting-firms-success/ | 2024-04-13T22:30:22Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.866718 | 3,768 | 4,333 |
Hi! I hope you are happy and healthy.
This is the end of the one-year weekly posting effort to boost SEO of Fearless Puppy. Thank you very, very much to all who clicked on the backlinks and helped so much to make Fearless Puppy easier to find online. Your effort is deeply appreciated.
This is the last post. If you want to catch any that you’ve missed or read any of them again, they are nearly all at www.fearlesspuppy.info/blog You might also find other parts of the website to be entertaining.
I can be sarcastic at times, occasionally long-winded and repetitive, a bit preachy here and there, and even a little boring now and then. I apologize for those bits and hope you have enjoyed the rest. I’m not the brightest bulb in any fixture but I have been lucky enough to experience some exceptional women and men. With any luck, their smart stuff has gotten past my density well enough to show up occasionally in the writing. Many of those exceptional people were comedians, so I also hope you got a few good laughs from some of the writing.
I really hope that you get a few good laughs somewhere — anywhere — and often.
If you do not, please seek immediate help.
“The most revolutionary act that a person…can perform is to be happy.” Patch Adams
COMMON SENSE/THE DISTANCE BETWEEN BULLSHIT AND ME
Usually I start by saying what’s going on here in Nepal and asking how you are doing there — but we all know by now how everyone is doing everywhere. This hasn’t been humanity’s best couple of years. It has left many of us feeling like Helen Keller trying to work a Rubik’s Cube.
Repeating popular rumor, the guess-work of friends, or personal views about it all seems pointless but I must do just a bit of that to set the backdrop. I apologize and will quickly get on to better stuff.
I am one of the many fools that forms subjective opinions around what might be better left as objective observations. There are so very many different opinions among us! Our species is more socially disjointed than ever before. There seems to be only one thing that almost everyone agrees on. We have all reluctantly come to realize that many of our commonly accepted pillars of stability are built on a foundation of nonsense and most of our life-long sources of supposedly true information are slanted if not lying. Entities we always thought of as being honest have proven themselves unreliable and without integrity. To paraphrase Michelle Wolf’s brilliant line at the Washington Correspondents Dinner. “Congratulations to you all who like to bring us the breaking news! You finally broke it!”
To add insult to injury, we have been forced to admit that many of these formerly-thought-to-be-trustworthy sources, through either intent or ignorance, have been feeding us a lot of bullshit for a very long time — and we have been believing much of it.
But the so-called News is just the catalytic tip of the iceberg. By now, bullshit runs through so much of our social structure that very few havens are safe from it.
Among the many opinions we build for ourselves from the shrapnel and shards of all this ca-ca, the fastest growing one may be a backlash reaction to the realization that we have been perhaps most blatantly and painfully betrayed by government and media. Sections of the population think there is no disease and the “scamdemic” is just a government plot. Nobody seems to know which government is responsible but theories run from America, to China, to America and China working together, to the whole United Nations organization, to…the list of suspects goes on and on. What seems to be the soundest of these opinions says that the governing forces behind this alleged bacterial/theatrical production are not really national governments at all but rather the banking, oil & energy, pharmaceutical, agribusiness, weapons, and other assorted industrial manufacturers and business interests that operate in the shadows of, and pull the strings attached to, all national governments. Many of these are already well known for their history of profiting from human misery.
Folks on the opposite end of popular opinion’s pendulum believe that there isn’t any intentional mismanagement being performed or misinformation circulated by the media, any government, or corporate despots. They say that conspiracy theory kooks are ignoring the simple truth of virus-as-sole-enemy and that many are also ignoring the salvation available to us all from (albeit insufficiently tested and questionably sourced) vaccines. Opinions within this camp vary as to whether the virus itself is an angry revenge of Nature, a flubbed experiment done by sloppy scientists, the purposeful manufacture of unscrupulous humans, or the result of a bat having sex with a chicken.
There is a third contingent. I am in it. Like other members of this growing third contingent, I am sure that I have no totally clear picture of what is going on. I am aware that my opinions are not facts — but three foggily obvious things have been objectively observed by myself and my fellow third contingent peeps.
The first is that whether it is an ordinary flu that has been exaggerated by the media or a developing and potentially apocalyptic new superbug, a form of virus exists that can be dangerous and even deadly to a very small percentage of the population.
The second is that an attempt is being made by sociopathic multinational interests to bring humanity to its knees and under their tightened control. Tough guys have been beating up peaceful kids and stealing their lunch money since the beginning of people, but today’s incorporated bullies have a much greater avarice and ambition inspiring them — and much greater resources and technology at their disposal.
The third is that the former is being manipulated by the latter to accomplish their purpose. It appears to many of us that the long-range effects of this profiteering and criminal socioeconomic engineering could become more detrimental to humanity than the historical Bubonic plague, much less the new virus.
Regardless of which set of causal details you believe, the effect has fostered near-universal stress and drained vast reservoirs of happiness. Some of us have been overcome by panic, come apart at the seams, and lost our center — if we ever owned it. Many among this segment of humanity have bowed to media manipulation of one flavor or the other. They have become psychologically and physically compliant with questionable sources of information and direction. These folks believe nearly everything that confirms their fears and opinions. They worry a lot. These people are more likely to get sick, more likely to die, and more vulnerable to being corn-holed in many other ways while they are healthy and alive.
But there is light at the end of the tunnel-vision! The unanimous opinion of the most logical folks from all three contingents says that regardless of what caused our problems, everyone’s time would be best spent in activity that assists in repairing them. Who is right or wrong matters a lot less than what we are going to do about it. Common Sense dictates that the only things that matter now are the things that help. A single minute of constructive action is worth much more than a year of spouting one sided rhetoric or ignoring our circumstances.
The question many people are asking is, “How can I do something constructive and helpful when my hands are tied by these terrible events?” The answer is easy.
Our hands are not tied. Our minds are. Thinking your hands are tied is a blatantly fallacious premature subjective reactive cognitive mental commitment. Put more simply, it is bullshit.
It’s our own bullshit now. It may have originally come from elsewhere but we gave it permission to stay. When people allow their hands to be tied and their minds to be controlled by forces outside of their hands and minds, they are surrendering part of their humanity to external coercion. They are thereby, at least partially, becoming slaves to someone else’s bullshit.
There’s a lot of bullshit in the world. Our odds of being exposed to this bullshit increase as we get more directly dependent upon other people. Humans beings are very interdependent animals. No one completely avoids interdependence. Therefore no one can completely avoid bullshit, either. The world smells worse in some places than others but everyone is going to get at least a little bit of stank on themselves while living here.
(Luckily, we can also find as much wisdom and kindness as we want to look for. Vast amounts of it are available although the good news rarely makes the front page.)
Whether the monsters attacking life on Earth are bacterial, governmental, corporate, naturally occurring or manufactured, demonic (if you like to look at things that way), or a combination of all these — most of what is happening in the world is beyond our individual control. But our reactions to current circumstances are totally within our own personal control.
Our present-tense happiness and the future of our species largely depends upon whether we surrender that control to bullshit or use it to deal with real shit.
There is a space, as massive as you want to make it, between external coercion and internal direction. I look at that space as the exact distance between bullshit and me. The most forcefully programmed fears that are ground into our psyches can result in unhappiness, illness, and even death — but only if we allow them to do so. They cannot stop humans from being humane, resilient, intelligent, healthy, and strong if we find it worth the effort to maintain our relationship with those characteristics.
Everyone alive has the ability to transcend bullshit and do something that helps fix real shit. Some folks don’t bother because they think they are only capable of small and perhaps meaningless contributions to the human condition. But every time we speak kindly and show patience instead of reacting with anger; every time we go a little bit out of our way to help someone else in any fashion, we add meaning and power to what might be thought of as the bigger, more important actions.
Little things often coagulate and conglomerate to form big ones. Without small things, big things don’t happen. The Mahatma could not have done his salt march to the ocean and raised a nation by himself. Martin Luther King, if working all by himself, would have been lynched or ignored at his first campaign. Any great person you can think of had many folks involved in making their effect so great. We consider Gandhi, Dr. King, and many others like them to be heroes. They considered all the historically nameless people that were abused, imprisoned, beaten, and even killed during those popular movements to be the real heroes that made things happen!
Each of us seemingly less influential people can not only make valuable contributions to life on Earth but we can also help others to do the same. Again, small actions can result in great impact. An encouraging word to a friend or a kindness offered a stranger can stand that person’s attitude up tall enough to make sure that their best qualities rise and function that day. Many people who feel powerless to help have no idea just how powerful the effects of something as simple as a hug can be.
Besides benefitting the recipient of any constructive action, and the collective well being of the world at large, there is also a well documented bi-directional effect to any positive effort. Doing a kindness always boosts the person doing it as much as it boosts up the person they are directing it toward.
I have friends that are actively working for women’s rights, health, and empowerment. I have other friends that are working to feed starving people that have been frozen out of their employment by the events of recent years. Still other friends are monks, nuns, witches, priests, shamans, and adepts of other spiritual practices that send positive energies and aspirations into the esoteric world every day. They also act kindly to everyone they meet in the physical world. Many other folks make similar efforts to keep themselves and those around them happier and healthier without employing monk-style austerity and discipline or shamanic ritual. They blend helpful physical actions and constructive, upbeat mental directions discreetly into everyday life. And we all know nurses, firemen, home care workers, and others who have figured out how to combine helpfulness with making a living.
I am pretty lazy as compared with any of those folks, but I do have one important job. I try to be nice. It doesn’t always work. When I’m not nice, I try to stay aware enough to catch myself broadcasting bullshit as quickly as possible. This diminishes the number as well as the longevity of my screw-ups. It insures that I don’t act like a jackass as often this year as I did last year. This effort is an important part of maintaining the distance between a different type of bullshit and me. In this case, not culturally influenced but rather my own internally generated bullshit.
I try to stay centered away from bullshit, whether it comes from inside or out. I don’t rent out space in my head to bullshit. I’m not going to argue with bullshit. I give bullshit as little as possible of my valuable attention. From my own ignorant, open-to-all-possibilities, altruism-as-common-sense home base, I can remember that the better aspects of what I want to be are more important than what any negative influence wants me to be.
People think of bullshit the same way they think of the good stuff — always looking for the big, impressive pieces. But as is also true of constructive action, the smaller and more commonly accepted bits of bullshit are often a lot more influential than we realize. Even the most inane and relatively harmless bullshit will steal our attention and time away from constructive good.
A lot of nonsense snares our attention away from the things that most desperately need it. Keeping up with the sexual tension scripted between immature fictional TV couples or watching other bullshit-on-a-screen in order to vacantly fill time probably deserves a little less of our attention until the ills of humanity are cured.
My parting hope and wish is that all eight billion people on Earth remember that it is worth whatever effort necessary to put some distance between yourself and bullshit — and if you should find yourself accidentally swimming in Bullshit Lake, don’t bite on any hooks there! Fish don’t end up in the frying pan if they refuse to take the bait.
There is always a shore nearby. You can swim to where you can shower off and quickly restore yourself to a more no-bullshit, constructive, happy, healthy, and helpful life.
That shore is where the party will happen.
So as you can see, the idea behind all this is simple. Once bullshit and its residual effects have been eliminated from our minds, only what is real will be left. Once we clearly see everything as it really is, we will easily figure out exactly what needs to be fixed and how to fix it. Armed with the intelligence and direction that clear vision affords, we will be happy to put in the effort to accomplish a saner, safer, and much more joyful world.
That’s when the party will happen. I’ll meet you there.
Goodbye, friends. Thank you for reading and thank you for clicking the backlinks.
Be well. Love, Tenzin www.fearlesspuppy.info/blog
p.s. If you find the reading at all enjoyable, please — it literally takes only seconds — click one or more or all of the highlighted backlinks following this paragraph. This simple process is completely without risk, cost, or difficulty. All it does is bring you to the site that is highlighted. Each click is a big help in pushing Fearless Puppy up in the Google rankings. Whether you browse the sites or close the windows immediately, your help has been delivered when you click. Thank you!
About the Author
Doug Ten Rose has hitchhiked around America for 40 years, encountering:
- Tibetan Lamas
- Native American wise people
- Rock stars
- An all-lesbian rock band playing a concert for the deaf
- The modern day Robin Hood
- And a whole lot more…
These and many other amazing characters are described in Fearless Puppy on American Road.
“Ten” was also rescued and adopted by a temple full of Monks and Nuns in Southeast Asia. He stayed there for a half-year, although not studying Buddhism (certainly not in any conventional sense!).
Read more about that in his second offering: Reincarnation Through Common Sense.
What else is there to say?
Well, a lot.
Here’s a snippet so you can dip your toes in the water — it’s from the foreword of Fearless Puppy:
“Why would a 15 year old boy with a New York City native’s knowledge of transportation systems shun both public and private transport and opt to spend the next 35 years hitchhiking throughout North America?
Why would anyone bypass the relative ease and safety of bus, train, or a car of his own and open himself to all manner of possible disaster by braving the whims of fate and the moods of passersby? I’ll tell you why.
I have attended 8 different colleges and universities.
I’ve learned more in other people’s cars.”
INTERVIEWS & PODCASTS
Many thanks to our wonderful friends at Pema Boutique Hotel for their help and support.
The books Fearless Puppy On American Road and Reincarnation Through Common Sense by this same author are also available through Amazon or the Fearless Puppy website, where there are sample chapters from those books. Entertaining TV/radio interviews with and newspaper articles about the author are also available there. There is no charge for anything but the complete books! All author profits from book sales will be donated to help sponsor an increase in the number of wisdom professionals on Earth, beginning with but certainly not limited to Buddhist monks and nuns.
If you missed the Introduction to the new book or would like to see several chapters of it that are available for free online, go to the Puppy website Blog section. This is a book in progress. You will be reading it as it is being created! Just like you, I don’t know what the next chapter is going to be about until it is written. As the Intro will tell you, this is a totally true story — and probably the only book ever written by and about a corpse journeying completely around the world! | <urn:uuid:6f2d0c15-30fe-4255-a47f-0fc9e73614eb> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://lubbuthedigitalnomad.medium.com/the-distance-between-bullshit-and-me-1aef79f6bd86?source=user_profile---------1---------------------------- | 2024-04-13T23:32:33Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.966513 | 3,901 | 4,353 |
Make a Stand against the Split
After numerous posts on Purpose, where we looked at the considerations your team must take to establish; today’s post is all about making a stand to ensure you execute with excellence. Taking the time to discover your WHY is simply how we begin the journey. Next comes the hard part. We have to bring them to life. We have to share them.
Communicating our WHY is an essential part of identifying the people in the world who believe what we believe, who will be our trusted friends, loyal clients or customers, dedicated employees and inspired partners in bringing the WHY to life. That’s huge. And it is only the beginning.
For an individual, finding their WHY may lead them to realise that there is something else they could be doing or somewhere else they could be doing it that would likely leave them feeling more fulfilled. Finding an organisation’s WHY can lead to a similar conclusion. Maybe the organisation should be offering a different product or service. Maybe it should reconsider its hiring process or its metrics for progress. Perhaps certain employees would do better in different positions or divisions. Or maybe they are not the right fit at all.
It doesn’t mean that you have to make immediate or drastic changes. To keep your purpose alive over time, we must keep it front and center, communicating it and committing to living it – on purpose – everyday. Otherwise a WHY can fizzle, fade or be forgotten. In an organisation when the WHY goes fuzzy, Simon Sinek refers it to as a ‘split’
When an organisation is founded, WHAT it does (i.e. sell widgets) is inextricably linked with WHY it does what it does (even if the company cant express its WHY in words).
- Founder shares vision with the whole team
- The entire tribe work in the same office
- Employees are excited to come to work (even if pay is low and hours long)
As the organisation grows, it’s WHAT and WHY grows hand in hand. But as the business scales over time and more and more people are hired, that is when the split becomes a real threat.
- Founder assigns someone to hire and manage staff
- Management structure is put in place
- Employees become further and further removed from the ‘magic’
The focus is on the ‘WHAT’ (as it is tangible) and the WHY becomes fuzzy.
Although we may not be able to articulate the change, we can all recognise when our organisation experiences the split. Symptoms include increased stress, decreased passion, and lower productivity, engagement and innovation People start saying things like “it used to feel like a family around here. Now it just feels like a job.”
Whereas people were formerly inspired to stay with the organisation, now executives and upper management must work actively to retain them, using ‘hygiene’ tactics such as salary increase, bonuses tied to delivery and share options to those who will commit long term. This kind of money-based manipulation can work in the short term but inevitably fails in the long run. Eventually, employee trust and loyalty break down, performance suffers, numbers drop, layoffs begin and the entire culture of the organisation can erode.
Any organisation, even one with a great purpose based culture, can find itself at the split if it loses focus on the reason it does what it does. Being aware of the problem, however, means that you, as an organisation, can guard against it.
Whether you are proactively protecting a thriving, long lived purpose or need to resuscitate a WHY that has been neglected or ignored, one of the most powerful tools at your disposal is also the simplest: storytelling. This is true whether you are an organisation or an individual.
Storytelling is the way knowledge and understanding have been passed down for millennia, since long before the invention of written language. Storytelling is part of what it is to be human. And the best stories share our values and beliefs. Those stories are powerful. Those stories inspire. Those stories are both the source of our purpose and the fuel that keeps our WHY alive. That’s the reason companies that understand the importance of living their purpose make it easy for their teams to fortify themselves with stories.
These stories will deepen your relationship with your purpose and inspire you to keep going. In turn, you’ll inspire others.
Facilitated Approach to Sharing Your Purpose
Just knowing our WHY doesn’t mean we instantly feel comfortably sharing it. In fact, most of us have been communicating with our WHATs – as we have been shown to do – for our whole lives. It is what we have been taught. It is what has been modeled to us. You may find it a serious challenge to communicate your purpose, cause or belief to others. If so, you are not alone!
Remembering learning to ride a bike? You felt awkward at first. Each time you got back on, you focused on a different tactic all the while trying to stay balanced. You were lifting your feet at times, trying the brakes at various pressures and struggling to look where you wanted to go all the while preoccupied by what your limbs should be doing. It is likely you fell off a few times but you got back on the bike and tried again and again and again. And soon you were flying down the road without even thinking about it.
Starting with WHY is no different. Once you get the hang of it, it is as natural as riding a bike.
The best place to start is with strangers. When meeting someone for the first time, they almost always ask, “What do you do?” This is your opportunity to start with WHY. From this point forward, strangers on planes, chitchatters at cocktail parties and everyone in between your metaphorical bicycle.
While you can recite your WHY Statement word for word, you can also try variations of your statement and stories to help it give meanings to others. Simon Sinek, for example, might say “I inspire people to do things that inspire them, so that, together we can change the world.” This is his Why statement word for word. He sometimes says, “I work with leaders to build inspiring organisations that put people first, I believe that if enough organisations do this, we will change our world.” He often uses a vision statement to begin a conversation. If he is talking about his organisation, he’ll say, “We imagine a world where the majority of people wake up inspired to go to work, feel safe when they are there and return home at the end of the day fulfilled by the work they do. Every product we make, every partnership we have and everything we do is to bring this vision to life.”
It’s not about the exact words of your Why Statement, though that is a good start. It’s about finding ways to share who you are and what you stand for.
I don’t know anyone who has escaped the early days of getting up the courage to share their WHY only to have the person they’re talking to look at them like they have three heads. That’s falling off the bike! It’s going to happen. If that’s the reaction you get, it means one of two things.
It could mean that you weren’t very clear. What you meant to say and what actually came out of your mouth were not aligned. Like riding a bike, where you wanted to go and where you ended up weren’t always the same place. It could also be the case that everything came out perfectly but didn’t resonate with the person you were talking to.
Remember, the WHY is a filter. When you start with WHY, it attracts people who believe and repels people who don’t. The person who politely ends the conversation or switches topics is probably someone with whom your WHY does not resonate. That is perfectly fine. You don’t want to spend a bunch of time small talking with someone who doesn’t believe what you believe. It’s just a sign that there is someone else with whom you could be having a deep and meaningful conversation. Go find them!
Share the Tribe’s Why (3-4 hours)
One of the most effective ways to share within an organisation is to create an opportunity for others to hear about and feel inspired by the WHY.
Then they can take ownership of it and put it into practice. If your tribe is large enough that not everyone could be included in the WHY discovery process, what is the best way to share it with everyone else?
If you are the founder of the organisation and have discovered your WHY and now want to share it with your tribe, how can you get started?
You can use the above approach to onboard new employees or partners, ensuring that the tribe’s WHY stays alive as the organisation grows. It’s a simple three-step process, conducted with fifty people at a time in a workshop lasting 3-4 days.
Step 1: Share the experience (90 minutes)
Begin the workshop by reviewing the Golden Circles and the concept of WHY
After you review the Golden Circle, invite one or two members who participated in the WHY discovery process refer xxx
Explain to them in advance that they should not start by revealing the WHY statement straight off. Instead, they should convey to their colleagues how the discovery experience felt. Let these team members do the majority of the talking.
But in case you need to help them get rolling (or keep rolling) here are some questions to tuck in your back pocket. Pick and choose the ones you like and feel free to add your own
- Tell us what happened during the WHY discovery process
- What are some of the stories colleagues shared that particularly resonated with you?
- What were some of the high points of the session?
- How did the group respond?
- What did you learn about your organisation or coworkers that you didn’t know before?
- How does what you heard during the session make you feel about working here?
- What inspired you about the WHY discovery process?
As your speakers get going, the other members of the group will probably want to ask them questions as well. Encourage everyone to do so, and let the conversation flow. The more the group engages in the discussion, the more they will understand the value of the WHY and the more they will contribute to the workshop.
There is no time limit to this part of the exercise. So don’t rush it. Read the energy in the room.
Step 2: Help others own their WHY
Now for the big reveal: you’ll soon be sharing the WHY statement drafted at the discovery session. The best way to begin is by introducing the composition of the statement:
Introduce statement template
Explain that the WHY statement the tribe members will soon see was discovered (not created) via the themes that emerged from the stories their colleagues shared.
Show the flip charts from the WHY discovery where the Candidates words and phrases were recorded.
Talk about the process by which you helped whittle these down to a single WHY statement.
Retell participants’ specific stories whenever that seems helpful. These stories will help bring the WHY to life.
If you still have the flip-chart pages from the WHY Discovery process or even pictures of them, now would be a great time to share them.
Seeing those marked up pages with words crossed out and themes circled can help everyone who wasn’t there get an idea of how it all came together.
“If every member of a team doesn’t grow together, they will grow apart.”
When you finally arrive at the flip-chart page that reveals the WHY statement, read it out aloud and then give the group a chance to take it in.
This is the moment where things can get a little tricky. People can get hung up on words rather than the meaning and feeling behind the words. It is important to take a few moments here to let everyone know words aren’t perfect.
This is just the first iteration or an early iteration of the WHY statement. Let them know that sometimes the words used in a WHY statement may change a little over time, although the feeling behind the WHY does not. Encourage them to withhold their critiques of the specific language, for now, and to focus instead on what the WHY might look like in action.
See if you can get everyone to agree that they have a shared sense – a feeling – for the WHY, even if its articulation is not, in their minds, 100 per cent perfect. This will help you avoid semantic quicksand and keep the momentum going.
Some of the common reasons why a WHY has not resonated with people include:
- In the past, the organisation hasn’t always lived its WHY
- The WHY doesn’t align with what the organisation and / or the team members have agreed on as their current strategy
- Some team members feel it’s right but don’t believe all employees will get behind the WHY, so they feel the need to change it
- Occasionally, a team member who doesn’t resonate with the WHY isn’t a great fit for the company
- If the majority of the room isn’t on board with the WHY statement, there is a good chance it needs more refining
If everyone is not in consensus about the WHY, that’s ok. Your goal is not to convince everyone to buy in, but to provide an environment in which they have the opportunity to be inspired by it. Remember, the whole idea behind articulating the WHY is so that we can work together to make positive change in the world.
Now that everyone has a good understanding of the WHY and its underlying themes and stories, they are ready to be split into groups to carry on the conversation. Ideally, each group will include three to eight people. The groups should be small enough that an effective exchange of ideas can happen. Each group needs to report back to the room at the end of this section, so make sure you don’t have too many groups.
One way to encourage ownership of the WHY is to have each group share personal experiences that support it. Here are some prompts to get them started:
- Tell a specific story about the reason you love working in this organisation
- Share a story when you felt proud to be part of this tribe
- What about the story you just shared validates our WHY?
- Who in our organisation best embodies our WHY?
Give each group its own flip chart and have the participants write down their answers to each of these questions as a list of short sentences or phrases, with an emphasis on stories. Just as in the Why Discovery session, the stories that carry the most meaning will be the ones that are the most specific and human.
Allow at least twenty to thirty minutes for this exercise. More often than not, you’ll need to bring the segment to a close due to a lack of time, not due to a lack of conversation among the participants. After you call halt, have each group report on their discussion to the rest of the team. That should take about five to seven minutes per group.
When people get passionate about their personal experiences line up with the WHY, it means they are starting to take ownership of it, which reinforces their connection to the work and to each other.
Channel the energy generated by this exercise into the final piece of the workshop.
Step 3: Explore New Opportunities
Our WHY comes from our past; but it’s promise and value lie in the future. An inspiring, clearly articulated WHY acts as a springboard for new and different ways an organisation can move forward.
This step is called the “Conversation of Possibility.”
This is the time for participants to throw out ideas about how the organisation, guided by its WHY, can advance in new or different ways. This is more than your average brainstorming session. Where ideas stall before we even get started and prevent ourselves from taking action.
We limit our progress to small steps, when we could be taking giant steps.
A conversation of possibility keeps us away from that excessively safe path. It gives us permission to change our thinking and an opportunity to get out of our own way.
Divide participants into the same groups as before. Explain that in a Conversation of Possibility, resource constraints do not apply. Encourage participants to share any and all ideas – after all, you never where they will lead. We’ve seen people bring up an idea they themselves advertised in advance as stupid and then watch as the group transformed it into something everyone was eager to implement. The bigger the ideas the better. Nothing is off the table. Nothing is impossible. Nothing is “stupid”.
At the same time make sure everyone understands that a ‘Conversation of Possibility’ is just that – a conversation. If you surface an idea and it is well received, that does not imply that you are now committed to taking it forward. If people fear that offering a suggestion will stick them with making it a reality, they may keep their most ambitious ideas to themselves. It is important to state that a Conversation of Possibility is full of possibility yet requires no commitment.
There are just two rules for this exercise:
- Every idea must align with the WHY
- Group members can add new ideas or build on someone else’s. They cannot say “No way,” “That wont work” or “We can’t do that” – that is not the conversation that we are in.
To get things started, instruct the groups to answer the question:
- Knowing this is our WHY, what could be possible inside our organisation? (For example, think about what systems and processes might be modified or introduced.)
The idea here is to get the team looking inward. Remember we must practice what we preach. We must be what we say we are. This is the opportunity to ensure the things we say and the things we do inside the organisation are a reflection of who we truly are.
People on the inside should first live the WHY for each other; after that, they can focus on how the WHY affects those on the outside. Many organisations want to go directly to a client or product focus. Encourage them to stay in an internal conversation first, and assure them we’ll get to the WHATs next. The question above can get them started.
After 10 minutes or so, throw out a new question:
Given the WHY of this organisation, what other WHATs are possible? (For example, think about what else we could offer by way of products or services, or the way we communicate with the people we serve.)
So often, organisations get comfortable providing their core offerings and don’t consider what other products, services or partnerships could help them live their WHY. (If Apple had done that, none of us would have i-Phones, iPads or iTunes.)
By specifically asking participants to explore new products or services, this question aims to inspire them to realise that a product can be wildly different from their current offering and still be 100 per cent compatible with the organisation’s WHY.
The groups should write their thoughts on their flip charts. After twenty to thirty minutes, ask them to report to the room. As people hear what other groups have to say, they may be inspired to think of even more possibilities.
To complete the conversation of possibility, ask if anyone would like to make a commitment to carry forward the work of the WHY. Specifically, you should ask for commitments to:
Be “WHY Champions” who will keep the WHY alive every day by living it and sharing it with others.
Take any of the possibilities identified by the team and turn them into action
The goal is that by the end of this workshop, team members who had no part in the discovery process will be starting to take ownership of the WHY, which releases energy and inspiration. Each participant will have started to bring the WHY alive with stories of their own. The more they talk about it, the more the WHY starts to take hold.
This is how to begin to scale the power of WHY | <urn:uuid:a22cc445-3dc2-4f6d-b89c-5616ac54f4b7> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://marktruelson.com/make-a-stand-against-the-split/ | 2024-04-13T21:31:39Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.964493 | 4,213 | 4,464 |
One of the greatest sources of edge is the one and only thing you have any power over – your own behaviour. If you can keep your head, while everyone else is losing theirs, then you can be there to exploit the mistakes of others and scoop up what is being left on the table.
Behavioural biases are the most persistent source of advantage in both financial and betting markets. Yet they are the most difficult to exploit. These biases have always been present and always will; human nature doesn’t change after all. We may think that we have evolved into smart people, capable of coldly calculating the odds of an event occurring and betting when the odds are in our favour. Unfortunately, our brains are still running with the same software that our ancestors had, thousands of years ago.
Behavioural finance can be thought of as including two different types of bias: emotional and cognitive. Emotional biases are where our feelings (hopes, fears, desires, etc.) distort our ability to make decisions rationally. Cognitive biases on the other hand are types of thinking that occur when we’re processing information. They are the mental shortcuts that quickly help us make sense of the world and make decisions. In this article I look at some of the most common biases to affect participants in both betting and financial markets, and what you can do to exploit them when they appear in others.
This presents an opportunity for the investor with sufficient foresight to anticipate what the next up and coming alternative asset is likely to be. Institutional investors tend to wait before an alternative asset becomes investable. But that means the greatest value opportunities lie in being ahead of the curve and then being able to benefit from the surge in institutional interest. Once institutional investor involvement in an asset becomes mainstream the returns may start to disappoint.
Emotional Biases, Which are the main ones?
1. Loss Aversion
People typically overcompensate to avoid taking a loss. Research suggests that people typically feel the pain of a loss twice as much as an equivalent win.
The impact this has is that bettors tend to hold onto losing bets longer than they should. Instead of laying off the bet or trying to hedge their position they ride it out rather than realise a loss. On the flipside this bias can also see people take a win too early.
The bookies know this. The ability to ‘cash out’ of a bet seems like a great feature and used carefully it can be. But most of the time it will be those who are in the money (the odds have shortened since they placed their bet) that are most likely to cash out.
2. Endowment effect
The endowment effect is where market participants place a disproportionately high value on those investments or bets they have already made. An example might be a homeowner that sets an unrealistically high asking price for their property. After all they lived there for decades, loved, and cared for it. It must be worth more! A similar thing happens in betting and investment where you hold onto a position for too long, not willing to consider that you are emotionally attached to it.
The result is that capital and emotion are tied up and you are unable to exploit better opportunities elsewhere.
3. Status quo bias
People are generally comfortable where they are now. Rather than adapting to changing circumstances or desires they plod on with whatever they are doing, how it’s always been done. In doing so they miss opportunities that they could benefit from. For an investor or bettor suffering from status quo bias this might mean that they stick to a certain investment or sports market even though there are better opportunities for profit elsewhere.
This bias occurs because people are typically very resistant to change. Worried that they will have to face lots of decisions and fearful of high transaction costs they keep things as they are. Other biases play a part. Loss aversion and the endowment effect mean they are afraid of taking losses on current investments and because they place too high a value on them, exiting the trade becomes drawn out.
One example of regret aversion is career risk. Instead of professional investors pursuing contrarian positions they stick to the herd. Economist John Maynard Keynes said it best, “Worldly wisdom teaches that it is better for reputation to fail conventionally than to succeed unconventionally.”
4. Regret aversion
The pain of regret from a poor investment decision is very powerful. It can be the fear of missing out on a market that goes up or a sports event that they didn’t bet on that ultimately won. It can also be the regret that comes from having a losing position, “I knew it was going to lose, why was I so stupid to place a bet?”
Regret aversion can result in herd-like behaviour. For example, investors piling their funds into the latest bankrupt stock to go up 400%, easing the regret that they didn’t own it earlier and the perceived regret they will feel if it goes up another 400%. It can also work the other way too. The pain of past mistakes can linger for years; people may avoid betting on certain markets to avoid the pain of regret.
According to investment strategist Michael Mauboussin there are three forms of overconfidence: overestimation, over-placement, and over-precision. Overestimation means you are overconfident in your abilities. Over-placement relates to the confidence that you are better than those around you. Finally, over-precision is when you become overconfident when answering questions that are difficult.
One of the risks that we face in the information age is that even if the amount of information is increasing, the gap between what we know and what we think we know is widening still further. As Dan Gardner suggests in his book Future Babble, “In fact, more information makes more explanations possible, so having lots of data available can actually empower our tendency to see things that aren’t there.”
In one study eight experienced bookmakers were shown a list of 88 variables found on a typical past performance chart on a horse – the weight to be carried, the number of races won, the performance in different conditions, etc. The bookmakers were then given data for the past 40 races and were asked to rank the top five horses in each race four times, each time using more and more information.
Accuracy was pretty much unchanged regardless of the amount of information the bookmakers had at their disposal. However, what happened to the bookmakers’ confidence? It soared as the information set increased. With five pieces of information, accuracy and confidence were quite closely related. However, by the time 40 pieces of information were being used, accuracy was still exactly the same, but confidence soared from below 20% to almost 35%!
Yet more information doesn’t necessarily mean you have an edge, it just creates greater confidence. The result of this is that bettors and investors become emboldened, firm in the belief that they understand cause and effect. This can result in what is known as the Green Lumber Fallacy, whereby the narrative that investors and bettors hold dear doesn’t match the real world. Over-confidence and a misunderstanding of reality then leads to excessive amounts of unprofitable betting and trading.
Cognitive Biases, Which are the main ones?
1. Framing effect
Framing reflects the way information or opinion is presented. This framing can cause people to make different decisions versus those based on the facts alone. In the book Thinking, Fast And Slow the authors give the example of a choice between two bets that were tested on subjects in an experiment:Framing reflects the way information or opinion is presented. This framing can cause people to make different decisions versus those based on the facts alone. In the book Thinking, Fast And Slow the authors give the example of a choice between two bets that were tested on subjects in an experiment:
- Would you accept a gamble that offers a 10% chance to win $95 and a 90% chance to lose $5?
- Would you pay $5 to participate in a lottery that offers a 10% chance to win $100 and a 90% chance to win nothing?
The outcome of both bets is that you either lose $5, or you win $95. However, the experiment revealed that the second bet attracted much more interest. As the authors describe, “A bad outcome is much more acceptable if it is framed as the cost of a lottery ticket that did not win than if it is simply described as losing a gamble.”
2. Availability bias
When we make decisions, we tend to be swayed by what we remember. What we remember is influenced by many things including beliefs, expectations, emotions, and feelings as well as things like the frequency of exposure. The availability bias as it is known can substantially and unconsciously influence our judgment. We too easily assume that our recollections are representative and true and discount events that are outside of our immediate memory.
Behavioural psychologist Daniel Kahneman writes: “People tend to assess the relative importance of issues by the ease with which they are retrieved from memory—and this is largely determined by the extent of coverage in the media.”
3. Mental accounting
People tend to act as if there is a bucket of cash designated for different activities: one for living expenses, one for retirement, another as their betting bank roll, and so on. The divisions might not stop there; within a betting bank roll someone might arbitrarily divide it between high and low risk bets.
Money is inherently fungible. It doesn’t matter if one bucket is up $1,000 if two others are both down $750 each. You are still down $500 overall. Yet that’s not how people behave.
4. Anchoring or recency bias
These were the words of America’s distinguished and famous economist and professor of economics at Yale University 14 days before Wall Street crash on Black Tuesday, 29th October 1929. Only days later, the Harvard Economic Society offered this analysis to its subscribers: “A severe depression such as 1920–21 is outside the range of probability. We are not facing a protracted liquidation.”
Most investors and bettors anticipate a future quite much like the recent past. One reason is that things generally continue as they have been, and so major changes just don’t occur very often. Another reason is that most people don’t do “zero-based” forecasting. Instead they start with the current observation or normal range and then add or subtract a bit as they think is appropriate. A final reason is that real “sea changes” are extremely difficult to foretell.
5. Confirmation bias
Another danger is confirmation bias. We seek out information that confirms our own worldview and reject or ignore any disconfirming evidence. According to Eli Pariser, author of the book Filter Bubbles: “The filter bubble tends to dramatically amplify confirmation bias—in a way, it’s designed to. Consuming information that conforms to our ideas of the world is easy and pleasurable; consuming information that challenges us to think in new ways or question our assumptions is frustrating and difficult…A world constructed from the familiar is the world in which there’s nothing to learn.”
As you and I become more connected to more and more people, it also becomes more likely that we’ll bump into people that disagree with us. In theory confirmation bias should become less of an issue, but what happens instead is that people double down on their own perspective, defending it to the hilt. According to media and technology analyst Benedict Evans, “The more the Internet exposes people to new points of view, the angrier people get that different views exist.”
Yet as bettors, updating our views effectively is crucial in making sure that our beliefs accurately reflect reality.
When are biases ripe for exploitation?
While individuals can be irrational, markets tend not to be. Markets aggregate all the individual errors of judgement (whether that’s analytical, informational, or behavioural) to form a reasonably accurate collective judgement of the price.
Tempting as it is to observe the behaviour of one person or groups apparently irrational behaviour (e.g. young day traders ploughing into bankrupt stocks), you cannot extrapolate individual behaviour to that of the market. While the irrational, over-confident buyer might get all the frontpage news coverage, there could be an equally irrational, over-confident seller on the other side of the trade.
Critical to understanding and taking advantage of market biases is understanding a) how the beliefs of market participants develop, b) how and when those beliefs become correlated - pushing prices away from value - and finally c) when the market moves from being wise to mad and back to wise again.
How beliefs develop
According to Malcolm Gladwell, author of The Tipping Point it is important to have the right people for a belief to develop and spread. First, connectors are people that know a lot of people and have a special gift for bringing the world together. Second, mavens are information specialists, and have the knowledge and the social skills to start word of mouth epidemics. The final group of people that are required to turn a belief into an epidemic is the salesperson. Salespersons have the charisma to persuade you that a story is worth paying attention.
A sticky story is also an important factor behind the development and spread of beliefs. For it to go viral a contagious element is required. This is very difficult to know in advance, but by examining what worked for conspiracy theories and proverbs we can begin to see the tale-tale signs. According to Chip and Dan Heath, authors of Made To Stick: Why Some Ideas Survive and Others Die there are 6 principles in order for a belief to take hold: it needs to be simple, unexpected (generating interest and curiosity), concrete, credible, emotional and finally it has to be a compelling story.
The final factor behind the transmission of beliefs is the power of the right context. If we hear something that resonates with us on a personal level, particularly when it’s connected with the emotion of fear then it weighs more heavily in our minds.
The strength and speed with which beliefs spreads depends upon the ’majority illusion’. When people believe that a majority of their network think a certain way - whether that perception is correct or not - they are more likely to act on it. Humans are inherently social animals and so have a desire to conform to the crowd’s beliefs. The right people, a sticky story and the right context and beliefs can be transmitted rapidly, just like a contagious epidemic.
According to Peter Atwater beliefs which are “over-believed” by investors, those are easily extrapolated into the future are the most dangerous for market participants, “When everyone believes something is going higher, like interest rates last fall, the opposite is likely. As I write often, extrapolation kills. And the bigger the trend-extrapolating headline and the more prominent the headline’s position, the more likely a reversal is. Typically, when something makes it to front page coverage, the end is near.”
Market participants can take things too far though, believing that recent trends are likely to continue, well into the future. This can be seen in sports markets when one player or team performs constantly well. Sports commentators, journalists, and bettors believe and promote the story as to why they are performing so well.
Financial and betting markets also have some unique properties that explain why beliefs can spread so quickly, but also why they can break down. The price. The beliefs of investors and bettors impact the price, but the price also impacts on beliefs. A rise in an assets value or a shortening in the odds embolden those that have bet on this outcome that they have made a good decision.
Diversity often breaks down when beliefs (often also reflected in prices) become too stretched. Seasoned investors might take a back seat while novices push prices to more extreme levels. When this happens, there is no countervailing force to cancel out the irrationality of one individual or group.
Magazine front covers also have a long history of proclaiming erroneous predictions at critical turning points in both economic activity and the markets. Far from being prescient, instead they tend to extrapolate current trends. Two of the most infamous come from The Economist and Business Week.
In March 1999 The Economist proclaimed the beginning of a new era of low oil prices with the cover “Drowning in oil”. Meanwhile, two decades earlier Business Week ran a cover story highlighting how high inflation is destroying the stock market. The cover title read, “The Death of Equities.” In both cases the magazines trend extrapolation came to an abrupt halt and went into reverse. It was a good time to buy oil in 1999 and a good time to buy equities in 1979.
In the same way that headlines tell us what we believe to be true, magazine covers and feature articles are often scheduled weeks or months in advance. For this to happen the trend has to have been in place for some time. The magazine cover can often be one step too far and so provide a contrarian signal to investors.
Equally, watch out for headlines reporting that the performance of a company or sports team is “unstoppable”, “no end in sight” or “steamrolling the competition”. When that occurs, it can often signal a reversal in sentiment is imminent.
The wisdom (and madness) of crowds
When returns have been good in a particular market for some time, traders and investors begin to imitate each other. Similarly, bettors may start to employ or copy the strategies used by tipsters or other prominent sports traders. When this happens the diversity of the market declines, pushing prices further away from their fundamental value.
This crowding also creates fragility. The performance of the strategy or asset obscures the fact that you are having to take greater amounts of risk for it to payoff. Meanwhile, it also results in less liquidity and so any shock result means prices must rebound sharply in the other direction to clear the market.
You need to watch out for the moment when the crowd slips from wisdom to madness. It is only when the beliefs of investors correlate with one another and push prices away from fundamental value that behavioural inefficiencies provide opportunities.
Emotional and Cognitive Biases, How to take advantage of them in trading and betting?
- Be mindful of sentiment and overextrapolation: Most of the time markets are reasonably priced. This is a time to keep your powder dry and not be too hasty. Markets are also prone to extremes. When sentiment is uniformly positive or negative, be prepared (emotionally and financially) to visit the opposite side of the argument. But remember, being a contrarian for the sake of being a contrarian is a bad idea, and the consensus can often be correct.
- Focus on value: When sentiment shifts are excessive, expectations become unduly high or low. Figure out what must be believed to justify the prevailing price and compare that to plausible scenarios. Other investors may have too much career risk and be very wary of having a punt on unpopular, highly contrarian bets. This is an advantage for the private investor or bettor. We don’t have to worry about what others think.
- Lean on facts, rather than opinion: When a market is subject to extreme sentiment, ensure to explicitly separate facts from opinions. A fact is information that is presumed to have objective reality and therefore can be disproved. An opinion is a belief that is more than an impression but does not meet the standard of positive knowledge. Both facts and opinions are useful for investors, but facts should always rule.
- Time your entry carefully: Behavioural inefficiencies can operate over different time frames. Taking advantage of behavioural inefficiencies can take more time than you realise for the market to correct itself. Be prepared for the consensus to be proved right, eventually.
- Have the courage of your convictions: Investment legend Ben Graham summed it up well when he said, “Have the courage of your knowledge and experience. If you have formed a conclusion from the facts and if you know your judgment is sound, act on it—even though others may hesitate or differ. You are neither right nor wrong because the crowd disagrees with you. You are right because your data and reasoning are right.”
Behavioural biases are the most persistent source of advantage in both financial and betting markets. Yet they are the most difficult to exploit. The lesson from this article is that if you want to be there to exploit those biases then you need to focus on the folly of the many, not the few. For while individuals are often irrational, well-functioning markets tend not to be. Be patient though and watch out for the signs for when beliefs go unquestioned, and prices lose track of reality. | <urn:uuid:bb956f6b-326c-4908-b0ed-8810b547386a> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://mercurius.io/en/learn/markets/behavioural-finance | 2024-04-13T22:04:25Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.955511 | 4,356 | 4,821 |
As with other famous historical icons, Buddha’s teachings were not largely recognized until after his death.
In fact, little is known about the life of Buddha.
The accounts of his life, conversations, and monastic rules are believed to have been put together after his death and then memorized and passed on by his followers.
Various collections of valuable lessons and Buddha sayings that were attributed to him were passed on through generations by oral tradition and weren’t committed to writing until about 400 years after his passing.
People today typically turn to Buddha’s quotes because they convey useful life lessons and an opportunity to understand how to make the world a better place.
He is regarded as a spiritual guide who can benefit everyone from humans to small animals who are roaming the earth.
The best Buddha quotes are often referenced by those who are trying to spread mindfulness, peace, and happiness.
Buddha, which literally translates to Awakened One, is thought of as one who truly discovered what it means to be happy.
We’re sharing some of the most inspirational Buddhist quotes that will inspire and enlighten you.
Reading these Buddha quotes can help you develop a peaceful and virtuous state of mind.
You can use these quotes . . .
- As part of your meditation time.
- To boost your mood and get out of a negative mindset.
- To inspire positive affirmations you can repeat to yourself.
- To increase mindfulness in your daily activities.
- To foster feelings of gratitude and appreciation.
Who Is Buddha?
Gautama Buddha, also known as Siddhartha Gautama, was a monk, philosopher, and teacher whose lessons provided the basis for Buddhism.
With almost 550 million people in the world today practicing Buddhism, this is one of the fastest-growing religions.
While little is known about his life, it can’t be doubted that Buddha’s teachings have largely influenced a lot of people, leading them to find more meaning and happiness in their lives.
Historians believe that Buddha was born as Prince Siddhartha Gautama in Lumbini, Nepal sometime around 400 BCE, and he is believed to have lived until he was eighty.
Buddha is known for his belief that meditation is the only track to awakening at which one has risen from the sleep of ignorance and is able to see things as they truly are.
During his twenties, Buddha experienced some of the world’s realities that inspired him to go on a quest for enlightenment, which he eventually attained after meditating for 49 days without stopping.
He believed that in order to lead the best life possible, people must be both mentally and physically present to experience reality.
Buddha meditation is often used in conjunction with mindfulness to help people find peace and awareness.
110 Buddha Quotes To Enlighten You
Buddha Quotes on Life
Buddha often reminded those around him that tomorrow is not promised, so you must live for today. Living with a sense of mindfulness is the only way to ensure that you will enjoy your time on earth.
1. Ardently do today what must be done. Who knows? Tomorrow, Death comes.
2. To live a pure unselfish life, one must count nothing as one’s own in the midst of abundance.
3. Your purpose in life is to find your purpose and give your whole heart and soul to it.
4. In the end, only three things matter: how much you loved, how gently you lived, and how gracefully you let go of things not meant for you.
5. Live every act fully, as if it were your last.
6. One moment can change a day, one day can change a life and one life can change the world.
7. To live a pure unselfish life, one must count nothing as one’s own in the midst of abundance.
8. She who knows life flows, feels no wear or tear, needs no mending or repair.
9. If we could see the miracle of a single flower clearly, our whole life would change.
10. Kindness should become the natural way of life, not the exception.
11. What we are today comes from our thoughts of yesterday, and our present thoughts build our life of tomorrow: Our life is the creation of our mind.
Buddha Quotes on Love
Buddha was a firm believer that people must love themselves first before other people can love them. Confidence is born from loving yourself.
12. Hatred does not cease by hatred, but only by love; this is the eternal rule.
13. Love is a gift of one’s inner most soul to another so both can be whole.
14. You, yourself, as much as anybody in the entire universe, deserve your love and affection.
15. Hatred does not cease through hatred at any time. Hatred ceases through love. This is an unalterable law.
16. He who loves 50 people has 50 woes; he who loves no one has no woes.
17. Just as a mother would protect her only child with her life, even so let one cultivate a boundless love towards all beings.
18. Radiate boundless love towards the entire world.
19. Silence the angry man with love. Silence the ill-natured man with kindness. Silence the miser with generosity. Silence the liar with truth.
20. Ambition is like love, impatient both of delays and rivals.
21. True love is born from understanding.
22. You yourself, as much as anybody in the entire universe, deserve your love and affection.
Buddha Quotes on Happiness
Happiness cannot be found in material possessions. Rather, people must find happiness within themselves and their experiences. Buddha often taught about the power of giving and how letting go of one’s possessions will never lead to emotional harm.
23. May all beings have happy minds.
24. One who acts on truth is happy in this world and beyond.
25. Praise and blame, gain and loss, pleasure and sorrow come and go like the wind. To be happy, rest like a giant tree in the midst of them all.
26. There is no path to happiness: happiness is the path.
27. Thousands of candles can be lighted from a single candle, and the life of the candle will not be shortened. Happiness never decreases by being shared.
28. Happiness comes when your work and words are of benefit to yourself and others.
29. If with a pure mind a person speaks or acts happiness follows him like his never-departing shadow.
30. Our life is shaped by our mind; we become what we think. Joy follows a pure thought like a shadow that never leaves.
31. It is in the nature of things that joy arises in a person free from remorse.
32. Set your heart on doing good. Do it over and over again, and you will be filled with joy.
33. We are formed and molded by our thoughts. Those whose minds are shaped by selfless thoughts give joy when they speak or act. Joy follows them like a shadow that never leaves them.
Buddha Quotes on Death
The Buddha taught that wise people understand death and realize that it happens when it is supposed to. Being able to accept that life has a pre-determined end to it can help people accept death. These Guatama Buddha quotes embody this idea.
34. To be idle is a short road to death and to be diligent is a way of life; foolish people are idle, wise people are diligent.
35. All tremble at violence; all fear death. Putting oneself in the place of another, one should not kill nor cause another to kill.
36. Neither fire nor wind, birth nor death can erase our good deeds.
37. Without health life is not life; it is only a state of languor and suffering – an image of death.
38. Some do not understand that we must die, but those who do realize this settle their quarrels.
39. Holding onto anger is like drinking poison and expecting the other person to die.
40. Everything is changeable, everything appears and disappears; there is no blissful peace until one passes beyond the agony of life and death.
41. The world is afflicted by death and decay. But the wise do not grieve, having realized the nature of the world.
42. Good health is simply the slowest way a human being can die.
43. Perhaps the deepest reason why we are afraid of death is because we do not know who we are.
44. Even death is not to be feared by one who has lived wisely.
Buddha Quotes on Change
Buddha’s teachings often centered on the power of oneself. At the end of the day, you should value our own opinion the most. These Siddhartha Gautama quotes show that you are the only one who has the power to change yourself. Learn to love yourself first, before loving anything else.
45. One moment can change a day, one day can change a life and one life can change the world.
46. If we could see the miracle of a single flower clearly, our whole life would change.
47. What you think, you become. What you feel, you attract. What you imagine, you create.
48. Nothing is forever except change.
49. If you do not change direction, you may end up where you are heading.
50. Let us rise up and be thankful, for if we didn’t learn a lot today, at least we learned a little, and if we didn’t learn a little, at least we didn’t get sick, and if we got sick, at least we didn’t die; so, let us all be thankful.
51. Should you find a wise critic to point out your faults, follow him as you would a guide to hidden treasure.
52. All wrong-doing arises because of mind. If mind is transformed can wrong-doing remain?
53. The one who has conquered himself is a far greater hero than he who has defeated a thousand times a thousand men.
54. We are formed and molded by our thoughts. Those whose minds are shaped by selfless thoughts give joy when they speak or act. Joy follows them like a shadow that never leaves them.
55. Anger will never disappear so long as thoughts of resentment are cherished in the mind. Anger will disappear just as soon as thoughts of resentment are forgotten.
Buddha Quotes on Karma
Buddha taught that karma is a natural law that is created by one’s intentional acts. What you do in this moment impacts your life right now and possibly the lives of others.
While one’s intentions can be subconscious, only acts that are completely free from greed and hatred do not produce karmic effects.
56. Offend in neither word nor deed. Eat with moderation. Live in your heart. Seek the highest consciousness. Master yourself according to the law. This is the simple teaching of the awakened.
57. Life is like the harp string, if it is strung too tight it won’t play, if it is too loose it hangs, the tension that produces the beautiful sound lies in the middle.
58. The fool who knows he is a fool is that much wiser.
59. Those who are free of resentful thoughts surely find peace.
60. Do not dwell in the past, do not dream of the future, concentrate the mind on the present moment.
61. To enjoy good health, to bring true happiness to one’s family, to bring peace to all, one must first discipline and control one’s own mind. If a man can control his mind he can find the way to Enlightenment, and all wisdom and virtue will naturally come to him.
62. Just as treasures are uncovered from the earth, so virtue appears from good deeds, and wisdom appears from a pure and peaceful mind. To walk safely through the maze of human life, one needs the light of wisdom and the guidance of virtue.
63. Someone who has set out in the vehicle of a Bodhisattva should decide that ‘I must lead all the beings to nirvana, into that realm of nirvana which leaves nothing behind’. What is this realm of nirvana which leaves nothing behind?
64. Conquer anger with non-anger. Conquer badness with goodness. Conquer meanness with generosity. Conquer dishonesty with truth.
65. Teach this triple truth to all: A generous heart, kind speech, and a life of service and compassion are the things which renew humanity.
66. The calmed say that what is well-spoken is best; second, that one should say what is right, not unrighteous; third, what’s pleasing, not displeasing; fourth, what is true, not false.”
Buddha Quotes on Peace
These Buddha sayings show that peace is a state of mind that everyone can attain through their own thoughts. You cannot find peace from other people, places, or things. Peace can only be found in your soul.
67. Resolutely train yourself to attain peace.
68. Everything that has a beginning has an ending. Make your peace with that and all will be well.
69. Do not overrate what you have received, nor envy others. He who envies others does not obtain peace of mind.
70. Looking deeply at life as it is in this very moment, the meditator dwells in stability and freedom.
71. A man is not called wise because he talks and talks again; but is he peaceful, loving and fearless then he is in truth called wise.
72. To support mother and father, to cherish wife and children, and to be engaged in peaceful occupation — this is the greatest blessing.
73. Better than a thousand hollow words, is one word that brings peace.
74. When one has the feeling of dislike for evil, when one feels tranquil, one finds pleasure in listening to good teachings; when one has these feelings and appreciates them, one is free of fear.
75. Indeed, the sage who’s fully quenched rests at ease in every way; no sense desire adheres to him whose fires have cooled, deprived of fuel. All attachments have been severed, the heart’s been led away from pain; tranquil, he rests with utmost ease. The mind has found its way to peace.
76. Know from the rivers in clefts and in crevices: those in small channels flow noisily, the great flow silent. Whatever’s not full makes noise. Whatever is full is quiet.
77. Ceasing to do evil, cultivating the good, purifying the heart: this is the teaching of the Buddhas.
Buddha Quotes on Anger
During an argument, the only thing that you can do is try to win. Once anger takes over, Buddha believed reason goes out the window and the truth is never entirely revealed.
78. The instant we feel anger we have already ceased striving for the truth, and have begun striving for ourselves.
79. You will not be punished for your anger, you will be punished by your anger.
80. Hatred is never appeased by hatred in this world. By non-hatred alone is hatred appeased. This is a law eternal.
81. They blame those who remain silent, they blame those who speak much, they blame those who speak in moderation. There is none in the world who is not blamed.
82. Whoever doesn’t flare up at someone who’s angry wins a battle hard to win.
83. Those who cling to perceptions and views wander the world offending people.
84. I do not dispute with the world; rather it is the world that disputes with me.
85. He who can curb his wrath as soon as it arises, as a timely antidote will check snake’s venom that so quickly spreads, — such a monk gives up the here and the beyond, just as a serpent sheds its worn-out skin.
86. Speak the truth, do not become angered, and give when asked, even be it a little. By these three conditions, one goes to the presence of the gods.
87. In a controversy the instant we feel anger we have already ceased striving for the truth, and have begun striving for ourselves.
88. Overcome the angry by non-anger; overcome the wicked by goodness; overcome the miser by generosity; overcome the liar by truth.
Buddha Quotes on Friendship
Caring for others and caring for oneself should occur simultaneously. Caring for yourself leads you to connect with the right people and care for them as well. Watching out for friends leads them to do the same in return.
89. If we fail to look after others when they need help, who will look after us?
90. Should a seeker not find a companion who is better or equal, let them resolutely pursue a solitary course.
91. Nothing ever exists entirely alone; everything is in relation to everything else.
92. With fools, there is no companionship. Rather than to live with men who are selfish, vain, quarrelsome, and obstinate, let a man walk alone.
93. If you find no one to support you on the spiritual path, walk alone. There is no companionship with the immature.
94. Friendship is the only cure for hatred, the only guarantee of peace.
95. An insincere and evil friend is more to be feared than a wild beast; a wild beast may wound your body, but an evil friend will wound your mind.
96. In separateness lies the world’s greatest misery; in compassion lies the world’s true strength.
97. There is nothing more dreadful than the habit of doubt. Doubt separates people. It is a poison that disintegrates friendships and breaks up pleasant relations. It is a thorn that irritates and hurts; it is a sword that kills.
98. Imagine that every person in the world is enlightened but you. They are all your teachers, each doing just the right things to help you learn perfect patience, perfect wisdom, perfect compassion.
99. For the good of the many, for the happiness of the many, out of compassion for the world.
Short Buddha Quotes
Buddha believed in the power of conciseness and was insistent on short speech, hence the Buddhist vow of silence in Buddha meditation. A few words with deep meaning are more powerful than a lot of words with no meaning.
100. A jug fills drop by drop.
101. I am the miracle.
102. May all beings have happy minds.
103. The way is not in the sky. The way is in the heart.
104. Every human being is the author of his own health or disease.
105. One who acts on truth is happy in this world and beyond.
106. Attachment leads to suffering.
107. What we think, we become.
108. It is better to travel well than to arrive.
109. The tongue like a sharp knife. Kills without drawing blood.
110. Rule your mind or it will rule you.
Which of these quotes spoke to you?
Siddhartha Gautama quotes offer so many life lessons that each gives us an opportunity to better understand the world and improve it.
In order to live a happy life, we cannot forget the lessons that were taught by Buddha. They help people face life’s hardships with equanimity and resilience and better understand the fleeting nature of life and why we must appreciate each moment.
Which quotes most resonate with you and why?
Share your favorites in the comments below, and spread some good karma by sharing these quotes on your favorite social media platform. | <urn:uuid:f21a10d2-de3a-4d51-a343-c60ea578c4e0> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://mindfulzen.co/buddha-quotes/ | 2024-04-13T21:27:51Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.956973 | 4,179 | 4,727 |
Taking a journey to the Last Frontier and need to know what the best restaurants in Anchorage, Alaska are?
This guide has you covered! From fine dining to casual eateries, Anchorage has something for everyone’s taste buds.
With its unique mix of cultures and flavors, it’s no wonder that Anchorage is home to some of the most beloved restaurants in all of Alaska.
Whether you’re a seafood lover or prefer your meat on the rare side, there’s an amazing array of dishes to choose from – all made with fresh local ingredients.
In this guide, we’ll be taking a look at the top restaurants in Anchorage so you can make sure your experience in the 49th state is truly unforgettable.
Let’s get started!
12 Best Restaurants in Anchorage Alaska
Disconnected from the contiguous United States, Alaska is situated far from the rest, and yet still offers some truly incredible food options.
From tropical Hawaiian specials to native Alaskan fare, these Anchorage restaurants should be at the top of your list!
1. 49th State Brewing on West 3rd Ave
As one of the overall best restaurants in Alaska, the 49th State Brewing Company should be your first stop after you land in Anchorage.
This restaurant offers a unique dining experience that combines delicious food with locally brewed beers.
Guests can enjoy the restaurant’s spacious and welcoming atmosphere while trying out some of their signature dishes such as the Alaskan king crab legs or the bison meatloaf.
The 49th State Brewing Company prides itself on using locally sourced ingredients to create their dishes, resulting in an unforgettable dining experience that captures the essence of Anchorage’s culinary scene.
In addition to the food, guests can also enjoy the brewery’s award-winning beers, including the signature 907 Ale, made with Alaskan-grown spruce tips.
Plus, the Anchorage location offers epic views over the ocean on their outdoor patio!
Overall, the 49th State Brewing Company offers a diverse menu, a vibrant atmosphere, and exceptional service – making it an essential stop on any food lover’s journey to Anchorage, Alaska.
2. Fletcher’s on West 5th Ave
A personal favorite in downtown Anchorage, Fletcher’s has some of the best food in the city!
This upscale restaurant is renowned for its top-notch service and exquisite menu, featuring a range of Alaskan seafood dishes as well as excellent burgers, pasta, and pizza.
From start to finish, the dining experience at Fletcher’s is nothing short of exceptional.
From the excellent staff to the food, you can expect to savor creative and flavorful dishes like the pan-seared halibut or the grilled Alaskan king crab legs in the ultimate atmosphere.
Additionally, Fletcher’s boasts a beautiful wine bar with an extensive drink list that complements the dishes perfectly.
The intimate ambiance, delectable food, and professional service at Fletcher’s come together to create a truly unforgettable dining experience that is not to be missed.
To get an in-depth look at their most popular menu items, check out their website!
3. Crow’s Nest inside the Hotel Captain Cook
While you probably aren’t looking at hotels for places to eat, you’ll find an incredible eatery nestled on the top floor of Hotel Captain Cook known as Crow’s Nest Restaurant.
Offering stunning panoramic views of Anchorage’s skyline and the surrounding mountains, this is one restaurant that often gets overlooked.
Known for its upscale dining experience, the restaurant features sophisticated décor, white tablecloths, and impeccable service.
But the real star of the show is the menu, which showcases the best of Alaskan cuisine, with dishes like the wild Alaska king crab legs, Kodiak Island scallops, and a succulent lamb rack in a lavender pistachio crust.
For those looking for a unique taste of Alaska, the restaurant also offers a rotating selection of Alaskan game meats, such as elk and caribou.
Whether you’re looking for a romantic dinner for two or a celebratory meal with friends, the Crow’s Nest Restaurant delivers an unforgettable dining experience that combines elegant ambiance, outstanding service, and impeccable cuisine.
4. The Deck at Lake Hood inside The Lakefront Anchorage Hotel
While it may not be one of the new restaurants in Anchorage, it is surely one of the least known making it perfect for those wanting to escape the hustle and bustle of the downtown area.
Located inside The Lakefront Anchorage Hotel, The Deck at Lake Hood is a true gem in Anchorage’s culinary scene.
This restaurant offers unparalleled views of the Lake Hood seaplane base while indulging in some of the freshest Alaskan seafood.
The menu features a wide range of dishes, including a 16oz prime rib and our personal favorite Alaskan crab and artichoke dip, all expertly prepared by the restaurant’s skilled chefs.
In addition to the seafood, the restaurant also serves up mouthwatering steaks and other delectable burgers and sandwiches.
One of the highlights of dining at The Deck at Lake Hood is the opportunity to watch seaplanes taking off and landing on the lake – a truly unique and unforgettable experience.
To go with the perfect meal, the restaurant has a full bar, serving up expertly crafted cocktails and a large selection of beers and wines.
The Deck at Lake Hood’s casual and relaxed atmosphere, combined with its stunning views and delicious food, make it the perfect place for a romantic date night or a fun night out with friends.
5. Haute Quarter Grill on West 4th Ave
Well known as one of the best seafood restaurants in Anchorage Alaska for its top-notch service, elegant ambiance, and exquisite menu, anyone with a taste for the ocean needs to make a stop at Haute Quarter Grill!
Offering a local take on seafood jambalaya and a rich platter of smoked salmon fettuccine, guests can expect an indulgent dining experience at Haute.
Plus, its ambiance is warm and inviting, with contemporary décor, plush seating, and a cozy fireplace that creates a relaxing atmosphere.
The restaurant’s chefs use only the freshest ingredients, and each dish is expertly prepared to ensure maximum flavor and satisfaction.
Not to be missed are the seared ahi tuna, which is cooked to perfection, the filet mignon kabobs, which are succulent and juicy, and the peanut butter pie which is literally everything you want in a rich, creamy, buttery dessert.
Overall, the restaurant offers a premium dining experience that is nothing short of exceptional, and it is undoubtedly one of the best restaurants in Anchorage Alaska.
Just be sure to budget for this outing ahead of time, as many seafood restaurants in Anchorage will come at a higher cost than most.
6. Kincaid Grill at 6700 Jewel Lake Road
At Kincaid Grill, guests can enjoy a fine dining experience in one of the most beautiful settings in Anchorage.
Located on a hilltop surrounded by lush green foliage and views of Cook Inlet, Kincaid Grill is the perfect place for a romantic evening out or a special occasion celebration.
The restaurant’s menu perfectly defines fine dining and features everything from Kodiak scallops nicoise to gorgonzola fondue served with mission fig-port chutney.
Also offering some gluten-free and vegetarian options, those with dietary restrictions can still enjoy an upscale experience on their trip to Anchorage.
7. Moose’s Tooth Pub & Pizzeria on the Old Seward Highway
Moose’s Tooth Pub & Pizzeria is an iconic destination in Anchorage Alaska for those seeking to indulge in tasty pizza and beer and offers some of the best lunches in Anchorage.
The restaurant features a cozy and welcoming atmosphere with rustic wooden interiors, making it a great spot for casual gatherings or a night out with friends.
The restaurant’s menu is diverse, with a wide selection of original pizza recipes ranging from classic Margherita to Alaskan-themed pies such as “Call of the Wild” (with reindeer sausage, steak, and bacon) and “Avalanche” which comes with blackened chicken.
Additionally, Moose’s Tooth boasts a fantastic rotating selection of specialty beers brewed in-house at their sister brewery, Bear Tooth Theatrepub.
With its delicious food, friendly service, and laid-back vibes, Moose’s Tooth Pub & Pizzeria is undoubtedly one of the best casual dining spots in Anchorage Alaska.
8. Club Paris on West 5th Ave
Club Paris is a legendary steakhouse in Anchorage, Alaska that has been a staple of the city’s culinary scene for over 60 years.
Easily one of the best restaurants in Anchorage Alaska, the award-winning eatery exudes an old-world charm with its dark wood paneling, leather booths, and elegant chandeliers.
The menu at Club Paris is centered around their signature hand-cut steaks, which are aged to perfection and cooked over a mesquite grill.
The Angus beef cuts are sourced exclusively from Midwestern farms and the seafood is sourced locally from the pristine waters of Alaska.
The service at Club Paris is unrivaled, with the wait staff being attentive yet unobtrusive, creating an overall dining experience that is second to none.
Not to be missed is the famous French onion soup, which is rich and savory, and the succulent filet mignon which they claim to be their most tender cut.
Whether celebrating a special occasion or seeking a refined dining experience, Club Paris is the epitome of sophistication and luxury in Anchorage, Alaska.
9. Hula Hands Restaurant on Mountain View Drive
Hula Hands Restaurant is an excellent choice for those who crave delicious Hawaiian-inspired dishes in Anchorage, Alaska.
Located on Mountain View Drive, this restaurant requires a short drive from downtown, but boy is it worth it!
Boasting a casual and relaxed atmosphere perfect for an enjoyable dining experience with family and friends, Hula Hands is a popular choice among locals.
The menu features a wide range of appetizing options, including the crowd-favorite Kalua pig and the delectable teriyaki chicken glazed with sweet and savory sauce.
The restaurant’s unique twist on traditional Hawaiian fare, such as their pineapple fried rice and poke bowls, is a must-try for anyone looking for something out of the ordinary.
Hula Hands also offers catering services for any special occasion, ensuring that your guests will enjoy the same flavorful dishes that made the restaurant famous.
With its friendly staff and inviting ambiance, Hula Hands Restaurant is undoubtedly one of the best restaurants in Anchorage, Alaska for unique cuisine!
10. Bear Tooth Theatrepub on West 27th Ave
Bear Tooth Theatrepub, located on West 27th Ave in Anchorage, Alaska, is a unique dining experience that combines a full-service restaurant with a movie theatre… yes, please!
Designed with a rustic and inviting ambiance, this restaurant features an extensive menu of delectable dishes that are perfect for a casual night out or a dinner-and-movie date.
Their specialty is their hand-crafted pizzas, made with fresh ingredients that are locally sourced whenever possible.
One of their most popular pies, the Spicy Thai Chicken is a flavorful combination of curry peanut sauce, chicken, red onions, and topped with fresh cilantro.
In addition to their delicious pizzas, Bear Tooth Theatrepub offers a variety of appetizers, entrees, and desserts, all served in generous portions.
Pair your meal with one of their house-brewed beers or a refreshing cocktail for the ultimate dining experience.
Aside from its mouth-watering food and drinks, Bear Tooth Theatrepub also has a state-of-the-art digital projection system and a variety of classic and recent motion pictures to choose from.
With its relaxed atmosphere, delicious food, and exciting movie options, Bear Tooth Theatrepub is without a doubt one of the best restaurants in Anchorage Alaska for an unforgettable night out.
11. Spenard Roadhouse on Northern Lights Blvd
Spenard Roadhouse is a trendy and eclectic restaurant that offers a unique, yet casual, dining experience.
From the moment you set foot inside, you are captivated by the industrial-chic decor, which features an array of vintage furnishings and local artwork.
The menu is as diverse as the ambiance, with an emphasis on locally-sourced ingredients and innovative twists on comfort food classics.
Start your meal off with their famous blistered shishito peppers before jumping into the entrees which are just as tantalizing, with options ranging from the decadent beef short ribs to the spicy red curry.
For vegetarians, vegans, and those who require gluten-free meals, there are plenty of options that are specifically recognized as such, making it easy and stress-free to find a good meal.
While you’re waiting for your meal, try one of Spenard’s specialty whiskey cocktails or their subtly sweet Kentucky lemonade.
With its friendly and knowledgeable staff, unique atmosphere, and delectable cuisine, Spenard Roadhouse is one of the best restaurants in Anchorage, Alaska for foodies and casual diners alike.
12. Snow City Cafe on West 4th Ave
Located on West 4th Ave in Anchorage, Alaska, Snow City Cafe is a charming and cozy restaurant that has become a beloved local institution.
Known for its hearty breakfast options that are served all day long, Snow City Cafe offers an extensive menu of delicious and creative dishes that cater to every palate.
From savory scrambles to sweet and fluffy pancakes and their eggs benedict covered in rich, housemade hollandaise, their breakfast options are nothing short of divine.
However, Snow City Cafe also offers lunch and dinner options that are just as mouth-watering.
Their urban Seoul rice bowl is a definite must-try for vegetarians and meat-eaters alike, while their big thick shakes are the perfect way to cool off in the summer.
The cozy and inviting atmosphere, coupled with the friendly and attentive staff, makes Snow City Cafe one of the best restaurants in Anchorage downtown.
FAQ: Best Restaurants in Anchorage Alaska
In this next section, we’re going to jump into answering some of your most popular questions in regards to Alaska’s food scene.
What Food is Anchorage Alaska Known For?
Anchorage, Alaska is known for its incredible seafood dishes like salmon, halibut, and crab.
The city also has a variety of international cuisines due to its multicultural population as well as locally-sourced items from the surrounding areas.
Popular dishes include reindeer sausage, king crab legs, smoked salmon chowder, wild berry pies, and a variety of dishes featuring wild game.
With so much delicious cuisine available to experience in Anchorage, Alaska there’s something for everyone!
How do I Spend my Day in Anchorage?
If you have a day to explore Anchorage, Alaska, you’ll want to make the most of it!
Here’s a sample itinerary to help guide you through some of the best the city has to offer.
Start your day with breakfast at Snow City Cafe on West 4th Ave. Known for its creative breakfast dishes like huevos rancheros and reindeer sausage omelets, Snow City is a must-visit for breakfast lovers.
The café is also conveniently located near several downtown attractions.
After breakfast, head to Kincaid Park for a morning of hiking or wildlife viewing (moose are especially common to see in this area).
The park is also home to bald eagles, bears, and other local wildlife, and features several miles of hiking trails with stunning views of the city and Cook Inlet.
For lunch, stop by Moose’s Tooth Pub & Pizzeria on the Old Seward Highway.
The restaurant is known for its artisanal pizzas and craft beers, and also features a family-friendly atmosphere with a large outdoor patio.
In the afternoon, take a stroll through downtown Anchorage and do some window shopping in Polar Bear Gifts among other fun storefronts.
If you have time, check out the Alaska Native Heritage Center where you can learn about the rich culture of Alaskan Native people.
For dinner, head to Haute Quarter Grill on West 4th Ave for a fine dining experience.
This popular seafood restaurant showcases Alaskan ingredients in its innovative menu, which includes dishes like perfectly cooked Alaskan halibut to king crab and everything in between.
Finally, end your day with a show at Bear Tooth Theatrepub on West 27th Ave.
The venue features a full-menu restaurant and bar, as well as a movie theater that shows both new releases and classic films.
It’s the perfect way to wind down after a busy day exploring Anchorage.
Of course, this is just a sample itinerary – there’s so much to see and do in Anchorage that you can customize your day however you like.
Whether you’re interested in hiking, food, or culture, you’re sure to find something to love in Anchorage, Alaska!
What is the Best Food to Buy in Alaska?
The best food to buy in Alaska is seafood! Alaska has an abundance of delicious seafood like salmon, halibut, cod, crab, and other fresh catches.
You can also find locally-sourced beef, reindeer sausage, and wild berry pies for a true Alaskan experience (though these become scarce during the cold Alaskan winters).
And don’t forget some fireweed honey — it makes for a delicious addition to tea, cakes, and biscuits! With so many incredible options from the sea and land alike, shopping for food in Alaska is always an adventure.
What is Anchorage Famous For?
Anchorage, Alaska is renowned for its breathtaking natural beauty and abundance of outdoor activities.
From stunning mountain vistas to miles of pristine hiking trails, Anchorage offers something for everyone who loves the outdoors.
The city is also known for its vibrant cultural scene, with a wide array of restaurants, theaters, museums, and art galleries that showcase the unique heritage of this beautiful region.
Additionally, Anchorage stands out as an ideal destination for seafood lovers due to its incredible selection of fresh catches from the sea like salmon, halibut, and crab.
With so much to offer in one place — from nature’s wonders to delicious cuisine — it’s no wonder why Anchorage is such a popular destination!
Final Thoughts: Best Restaurants in Anchorage Alaska
Alaska is a great destination for food lovers who want to explore the unique culinary offerings of this beautiful region.
From Snow City Cafe’s creative breakfast dishes to Moose’s Tooth Pub & Pizzeria’s artisanal pizzas and craft beers, Haute Quarter Grill’s fine dining experience with Alaskan ingredients, and Bear Tooth Theatrepub’s movie theater and full-menu restaurant — there are plenty of amazing restaurants in Anchorage that will satisfy any taste!
Don’t forget to pick up some local seafood or fireweed honey while you’re at it—it makes for an unforgettable Alaskan experience.
So if you’re looking for a delicious adventure filled with incredible sights and flavors, be sure to check out some of these best restaurants in Anchorage Alaska!
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Emily Concannon is a full-time traveler and established travel blogger who traded her life in the restaurant business for the world. Now, the owner and author of multiple blogs including Emily Embarks and Sea to Summit Alaska, Emily is on a mission to discover the world’s most unique destinations. | <urn:uuid:76098c95-606b-4825-bf50-24f493ca1df5> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://nohurrytogethome.com/best-restaurants-in-anchorage-alaska/ | 2024-04-13T23:10:13Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.928417 | 4,191 | 5,087 |
Scope and Contents
|The Stoppard papers consist of typescript and holograph drafts, revision pages,
outlines, and notes; production material, including cast lists, set drawings,
schedules, and photographs; theatre programs; posters; advertisements; clippings;
page and galley proofs; dust jackets; correspondence; legal documents and financial
papers, including passports, contracts, and royalty and account statements;
itineraries; appointment books and diary sheets; photographs; sheet music; sound
recordings; a scrapbook; certificates; artwork; minutes of meetings; and
publications, all ranging in date from 1939 to 2000, but primarily from 1970 to
2000. The material is organized in five series: I. Works, circa 1960-2000, undated
(122 boxes); II. Works about Stoppard, 19-1999, undated (2.5 boxes); III.
Correspondence, 1954-2000, undated (21.5 boxes); IV. Legal and Personal Material,
1939, 1944, 1966-2000, undated (8 boxes); and V. Works by Other Authors, 1967-1994,
undated (3 boxes).
|Nearly all of Stoppard's major plays, screenplays, teleplays, and radio plays are
represented in some form, along with many of his lesser-known works and some that
were never produced. Stoppard's short stories are not well documented in the
collection, although his only novel, Lord Malquist and Mr.
Moon, is represented. For many works, materials from first or early
drafts through various revisions, production, further revisions, and publication
present, reflecting Stoppard's practice of rewriting passages of his work
continuously. Many of the typescripts are the result of Stoppard's dictation to
typist via cassette tape. Stoppard's revision process continues even after a play
has begun production and been published. Page proofs, galleys, and typesetting
typescripts show changes made in subsequent editions after the initial publication
of a work.
|For many of the works represented in the collection, Stoppard has maintained
correspondence files, including production files and fan mail, separate from his
general correspondence files, although similar materials may be found in both
locations. Correspondence filed under a title usually consists of letters from
people involved in various phases of a production, or from people praising or
commenting upon the work. Reviews and articles about a work accompany the
manuscripts, and are located under that title. When Stoppard collaborates with
writers, he works with them on a sequential basis rather than concurrently, and
amount of involvement varies by situation. Stoppard often is involved in film
projects anonymously. For example, he often provides input on scripts sent to
Stephen Spielberg, Mike Nichols, and Kathleen Kennedy.
|Stoppard's career as a journalist is not as well documented in the collection as his
playwriting career. However, through the years Stoppard has continued to write
occasional pieces for various periodicals, and many of those are present. Folders
reviews and articles by Stoppard, some accompanied by letters from editors, are
located at the end of the Works series. Additional articles by Stoppard about
political issues are located in his "Russia File" in
the Correspondence series. Most correspondence from editors of periodicals is
with the general correspondence.
|Correspondence in the collection relates almost exclusively to Stoppard's career
rather than to his personal life. Most of the correspondence is letters from people
involved in productions of his plays, as well as translators, journalists,
periodical editors, fellow playwrights, and admirers of his work. Nearly all of
letters have brief notations, made mainly by Stoppard and his secretary Jacky
Matthews, recording any responses. Photocopies of some outgoing letters, usually
dictated by Stoppard to his secretary, are housed with the incoming correspondence.
Of particular interest is Stoppard's correspondence with Anthony C. H. Smith;
covering an approximate 30-year span, these letters trace Stoppard's writing career
from its beginning. Letters from Stoppard's agent, Kenneth Ewing, cover the years
1962-87 and also follow the rise of Stoppard's career. Correspondence from Faber
Faber, Stoppard's primary publisher, discusses publication of Stoppard's books
includes printed dust jackets. Other significant correspondents include Ed Berman,
Dirk Bogarde, Noël, Carr, Michael Codron, Guy Dumur, Lady Antonia Fraser,
Michael Frayn, David Hare, Glynn Boyd Harte, Michael Horovitz, Ilya Levin, Bryan
Magee, Trevor Nunn, Laurence Olivier, Harold Pinter, Ned Sherrin, and Kenneth
All correspondents in the Stoppard collection may be found in the Index of
|Stoppard's interest in human rights issues is reflected throughout the collection.
Correspondence with many human rights organizations, files on Czechoslovakia and
Russia, and material from his work organizing the Roll Call at the National Theatre
reveal the extent of his involvement in these issues. Through his contacts with
political dissidents, Stoppard became friends with Czechoslovakian playwright
politician Václav Havel. Correspondence with and about Havel, copies of his
works, and material from Stoppard's translation of Havel's Largo Desolato were originally grouped together. The correspondence has
been separated and added to the Correspondence series, while Largo Desolato material has been housed with other works by Stoppard.
Translations of Havel's The Beggar's Opera and The Conspirators are located in the Works by Other
Authors series, along with works by Christopher Figg, Tomás Gartland, Tony
Harrison, Vladimir J. Konecni, David Mamet, James Saunders, Peter Shaffer, Anthony
C. H. Smith, Stephen Sondheim, and others.
|Few original materials relating to Stoppard's personal life are present in the
collection, although some letters to his parents, photocopies of marriage, divorce,
and birth certificates, memorabilia, and photographs are present. The collection
does provide information about Stoppard's interests in cricket, chess, fishing,
other subjects. For example, Harold Pinter arranged cricket matches with Stoppard
through correspondence, while Anthony Smith, his wife, and Stoppard used their
letters to each other to play chess. Similarly, typescript and printed copies
interviews, Stoppard's responses to various requests, and correspondence about
production disputes provide insights into Stoppard's character and personality.
Stoppard's interest in Ernest Hemingway, as well as his ability to form friendships
quickly, can be seen in correspondence with Joan St. C. Crane of the University
Virginia, Carol (Mrs. Patrick) Hemingway, and Margie (Mrs. Louis Henry) Cohn of
House of Books.
|Other manuscripts relating to Stoppard at the Ransom Center are located in the Gordon
Dickerson, David Hare, Francis Henry King, London Magazine, Harold Pinter, and
|Series I. Works, circa 1960-2003, undated (122 boxes)
|The series is divided into two subseries: Original Works and Adaptations; and
Reviews, Articles, and Lectures.
|The Original Works and Adaptations subseries, arranged alphabetically by title and
within title by genre, consists of typescript and holograph manuscripts, revision
pages, outlines and notes, page proofs, galley proofs, printed pages and books,
theatre programs, production materials, photographs and negatives, posters,
advertising material, clippings, correspondence, and awards.
|Nearly all of Stoppard's plays, screenplays, teleplays, and radio plays are
represented in some form, some quite extensively. Because Stoppard continuously
revises his works, even after they are produced and published, many variant versions
are present. Stoppard's original labeling of manuscript versions has been retained
and is indicated in the folder list with single quotation marks. In keeping with
Stoppard's original filing system, some correspondence regarding a work is housed
with that work, while similar letters regarding works are housed with general
correspondence in the Correspondence series. Clippings, primarily reviews collected
by Stoppard's parents, and numerous posters and programs from domestic and
international productions cover nearly all of Stoppard's major works. Works
particularly well represented in the collection include Arcadia,
Empire of the Sun,
The Real Thing,
Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead, and Travesties.
|Among early manuscripts by Stoppard are holograph and typescript drafts of his only
novel, Lord Malquist and Mr. Moon; a short play,
The Gamblers, which he refers to as his first
"original" play; and Higg
and Cogg, which was performed with The Gamblers
by the University of Bristol drama department. Reviews of those works are
also present. Stoppard's first full-length play, A Walk on
the Water, which was produced as a teleplay, staged in Hamburg, adapted
for broadcast as a radio play, and eventually revised for a London stage production
as Enter A Free Man, is represented by typescripts, a
shooting schedule, programs, clippings, and page proofs. Stoppard originally wrote
Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead as a
one-act play about the characters from Hamlet meeting
the mad King Lear when they arrive in England. Among very early versions of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern in the collection is a
mimeograph typescript of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Meet
Rosencrantz and Guildenstern is a good example of the
many forms of material present in the collection for a single title; in addition
items relating to various productions of the play, there are also materials from
1978 and 1983 radio productions, an unproduced 1968 screenplay, the film that
eventually produced in 1991, and page proofs of various Faber and Faber editions
the published work.
Jumpers material consists of typescripts,
correspondence, theatre programs, posters, and clippings from various productions,
as well as a reproduction of a drawing by William Hewison, sheet music, page proofs,
and a French translation by Jacques De Decker. The author's notes to translators
accompanies one of several early Travesties drafts,
and typescripts showing revisions made for the 1993 production are also present.
Among other Travesties materials are a memo from
Stoppard to directors, clippings of articles and reviews, profit sheets,
photographs, posters, programs, and an ink caricature drawn by William Hewison
Punch. Letters from Noël Carr, widow of
Henry Carr, are among correspondence about the play. In addition, there are German
translations of the play by Hilde Spiel, correspondence regarding a German
production of the play, and an incomplete draft of an opera by Bolen High. Night and Day is represented by various drafts,
programs, posters, production notes, articles and reviews, and correspondence,
including correspondence relating to a German production. A German translation
the play by Hilde Spiel is also present, as are typescripts and page proofs of
various printed editions and drafts of a screenplay based on the play.
|Many manuscripts relating to one of Stoppard's most popular plays, The Real Thing, are present; of particular note are
performance notes; drafts of revisions made for the 1984 American production;
photographs; posters; and production correspondence, including lists of casting
possibilities, rehearsal schedules, touring schedules, cast lists and other company
information, correspondence with actors, directors, and others, congratulatory
notes, telegrams, and fan mail. Page proofs, galleys, and typescripts of various
published editions trace many of the revisions made to the play over the years.
proposed précis by Otis Guernsey for The Best Plays of
1983-84 and related correspondence are also included, as are French and
Italian translations. Stoppard's Tony Award for the play is housed with the Center's
personal effects collection. A typescript for a radio broadcast of The Real Thing is also present. Notable Hapgood manuscripts include numerous revision pages,
production correspondence, fan mail, a printed teacher's handbook, and corrected
page proofs of the 1988 and 1994 Faber and Faber editions of the play. Draft
fragments from an abandoned film adaptation are also present.
|Among Hapgood correspondence are letters between
Stoppard and J. C. Polkinghorne discussing physics and physicists.
|Of Stoppard's more recent plays, Arcadia and Indian Ink are the most heavily represented. Numerous
drafts, production materials, photographs, tickets, programs, posters,
correspondence, and page proofs from both works are present. In addition, there
typescripts from the radio production of Arcadia.
|Manuscripts of Stoppard's radio play In the Native State,
the precursor to Indian Ink, include drafts,
clippings, awards, and correspondence. Among drafts and translations of the radio
play Artist Descending a Staircase are those used to
enter the play in the Italia Prize. In addition, that work was later adapted for
stage, and drafts, programs, and posters from the production are present.
|Materials relating to the screenplay of Rosencrantz and
Guildenstern Are Dead consist of typescripts, trailer notes, preliminary
production notes, filming notes, cue sheets, photographs, correspondence, financial
files, and advertising material, including rejected layout ideas. Among other
screenplays represented in the collection are Brazil,
Empire of the Sun,
The Russia House,
Billy Bathgate, and Shakespeare in Love. Besides various drafts of Brazil, there are a plot outline and synopsis by Terry Gilliam and
production material, including correspondence showing the problems that arose
result of the collaboration between Stoppard, Gilliam, and Charles McKeown. Empire of the Sun materials consist of numerous drafts,
a shooting script, production memos, correspondence regarding script revisions
other production matters, research photographs of Shanghai, and production
photographs. Included in production correspondence are letters between Stoppard
the Writers Guild of America relating to a writing credit dispute that Stoppard
eventually won. The Russia House materials comprise
typescripts and a production file of correspondence with Fred Schepisi about script
revisions. Drafts and correspondence for Billy Bathgate
are present, as are drafts, clippings, awards programs, and some
correspondence relating to Shakespeare in Love.
|Screenplays present in the collection that were never produced include Hopeful Monsters (based upon the book by Nicholas
Mosley), Cats (an animated screenplay adaptation of
the musical by Andrew Lloyd Webber), Innocent Blood
(from the novel by P. D. James), Knuckle (an
adaptation of the play by David Hare), Galileo, and
The Frog Prince (based upon John Collier's short
story). Also noteworthy are drafts of filmscripts for Stoppard's popular radio
Albert's Bridge and his novel Lord Malquist and Mr. Moon. Uncredited revisions of
screenplays by other authors include those for Always,
Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade,
Schindler's List, and Sleepy
|Stoppard's well-known teleplay Squaring the Circle: Poland,
1980-81 is represented by background research, multiple drafts, notes on
revisions, and a correspondence and production file. Drafts of the introduction
the Faber and Faber text and correspondence with director Mike Hodges, Stephen
Schlow and Dale Sheets of Metromedia, and James Gatward of TVS provide information
about a dispute with Metromedia regarding changes to the film for the American
market. Poodle Springs was a made-for-television film
of Robert Parker's Philip Marlowe book; correspondence and numerous drafts from
project are present.
|The second subseries is comprised primarily of clippings, typescript and holograph
drafts, and galleys of reviews and articles by Stoppard on a variety of topics.
of these are accompanied by correspondence from the editors of periodicals in
they were published. Lecture material is also located in this subseries and includes
notes, drafts, correspondence, programs, and advertisements.
|Series II. Works about Stoppard, 19-1999, undated (2.5
|The second series is divided into three subseries: Articles and Interviews, Literary
Criticism, and Bibliographies.
|The first subseries consists of correspondence regarding articles on and interviews
with Stoppard, in some cases accompanied by typescripts, and printed articles
interviews, all ranging in date from 1966 to 1999. Also included are an outline,
draft, and proofs of Mel Gussow's Conversations with
Stoppard, as well as a typescript of "Stoppard This Evening," which was designed as part of a touring
educational program sent by the University of California to various university
campuses in the United States.
|The second subseries contains typescripts of books by Jim Hunter and other critical
works, while the third subseries is made up of bibliographies by David Bratt,
Corinne George, and Kimball King.
|Series III. Correspondence, 1954-2000, undated (21.5 boxes)
|The third series is also divided into three subseries: General Correspondence;
Political, Human Rights, and Charitable Organizations Correspondence; and Declined
Proposals. Correspondence was originally maintained in roughly reverse chronological
order by date received, which has been retained wherever possible. Most letters
notations, mainly by Stoppard and his secretary, usually Jacky Matthews, regarding
the date they were answered, how they were answered, etc. The correspondence is
primarily incoming, but some photocopies of letters by Stoppard, usually dictated
his secretary, are also filed here. It should be noted that correspondence regarding
particular works may also be found in the Works series. For information about
location of letters by a single correspondent, see the Index of Correspondents.
|The first subseries contains letters grouped by date as well as by subject, and
consists for the most part of correspondence from people with whom Stoppard worked,
as well as translators, journalists, periodical editors, fellow playwrights, and
admirers of his work. Letters from Stoppard's agent, Kenneth Ewing of Fraser and
Dunlop Scripts, filed with the miscellaneous correspondence, cover the years 1962-87
and follow Stoppard's career from its beginning. Other significant correspondents
include Kingsley Amis, Dame Peggy Ashcroft, Ed Berman, Dirk Bogarde, Michael
Brandman and others at Brandman Productions, Noël Carr, Michael Codron, E. L.
Doctorow, Guy Dumur, Richard Eyre, Lady Antonia Fraser, Michael Frayn, Elisabeth
Frink, Shusha Guppy, David Hare, Glynn Boyd Harte, Michael Horovitz, John Le
Carré, Ilya Levin, Brian Magee, Trevor Nunn, Laurence Olivier, Harold Pinter,
Ned Sherrin, and Kenneth Tynan. Business correspondence with Faber and Faber about
Stoppard's books is accompanied by printed dust jackets. Correspondence with and
about Václav Havel has been grouped together and includes letters regarding
Stoppard's acceptance on Havel's behalf of an honorary degree awarded by Toulouse
University in 1984, and a copy of Havel's "Politics and
Conscience" written for that occasion. Two folders of letters from
Stoppard to Anthony C. H. Smith from about 1960 to 1993 complement other Smith
correspondence which is located within the miscellaneous correspondence folders.
|The second subseries consists of correspondence with various political and human
rights organizations with which Stoppard became involved beginning in the 1970s.
Among these are Amnesty International, Writers and Scholars Educational Trust
and its Index of Censorship, and the Campaign Against
Psychiatric Abuse. There is a significant amount of material relating to Stoppard's
organization of the Roll Call, or reading of the names of Soviet refuseniks, at
National Theatre in 1986. Stoppard's "Czechoslovakia
File" and "Russia File" contain
correspondence and articles relating to human rights issues and political dissidents
in Czechoslovakia and Russia. Additional articles by Stoppard relating to political
topics may be found with other articles by Stoppard in Series I. A typescript
of Stoppard's visit to Russia with a member of Amnesty International may be found
his "Russia File." Prints of photographic negatives
from Stoppard's trips have been developed by the Center and placed in the
collection. Stoppard and his wife Miriam served as patrons of various charitable
organizations and made many financial donations through the charitable trusts
established; files relating to those causes are also present.
|The third subseries consists of correspondence from individuals and organizations
requesting interviews, talks, or financial contributions, or proposing theater
film projects for Stoppard's consideration. Stoppard's original separation of
requests from similar, sometimes accepted, requests found in the miscellaneous
correspondence has been retained.
|Series IV. Legal and Personal Material, 1939, 1944, 1966-2000,
undated (8 boxes)
|The fourth series includes a continuous run of appointment books and desk diaries
from 1980 to 1993, numerous awards and honorary degrees received by Stoppard,
documents such as passports and birth certificates, memorabilia, and miscellaneous
clippings, theater programs and posters, and periodicals of interest to Stoppard.
Bank statements dating from July 1967 through December 1974 provide information
various productions around the world. Photographs and drawings of Stoppard, his
family, and his associates are also present.
|Series V. Works by Other Authors, 1967-1994, undated (3
|The fifth series contains translations of works by Václav Havel, works by Tony
Harrison, Harold Pinter, James Saunders, Peter Shaffer, and A. C. H. Smith, among
others. Some of these are accompanied by letters to Stoppard. | <urn:uuid:f27c4449-45a3-4891-8ac4-7c14b4fc7ee8> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://norman.hrc.utexas.edu/fasearch/findingaid.cfm?eadid=00179 | 2024-04-13T22:47:27Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.927717 | 5,206 | 5,611 |
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There were lots of other bloggers besides myself in attendance at OSRCon. As one might imagine many of them wrote about their time at the convention. Grognardia has a post about OSRCon along with another post about running Dwimmermount with Ken St. Andre as a player and one about the game I participated in. Discourse and Dragons covers the convention as well, and in particular about playing in this infamous game of D&D with Ken. Speaking of Ken, he has a post with lots of photographs about his time in Toronto. Two Americans I met at the convention, Carter and Brendan, both wrote about their time in Toronto and their feelings around the convention. Carter ran the Labyrinth Lord game I played in on Friday afternoon. Steve, who ran the Boot Hill games, discusses the convention and the OSR from a non-D&D point of view in two posts: Reflections Part I and Reflections Part II. Last, but not least, we have Untimately and Akratic Wizardry’s comments on the convention.
After a short break we continued our delve of Dwimmermount. We were joined by two more players: another magic-user, and the dumbest fighter ever–the poor guy had a Wisdom score of 3–who was played to perfection by Steve Conner. It turns out those two characters were with us all along, of course.
At the foot of the steps down to level two were a set of lifeless bones wearing armour with weapons at their side. That’s certainly unusual. Our cleric tried to turn them to no effect. You can’t turn a bunch of bones, after all. We walked further down the steps and then they sprung to life. (Maybe you saw that coming.) So began an exploration of the second level of Dwimmermount.
We headed South, finding a room with 6 pillars. Each pillar was made out of a unique material, and each had a character inscribed upon it. In a normal game we would have spent much longer puzzling out what this room was about. As we were playing for a fixed amount of time we quickly moved on. This came up often when exploring the second floor. Because this was a convention game we didn’t dedicate as much time as probably would have in a normal game trying to understand what the rooms we encountered were about. There were lots of strange and interesting rooms on this floor we quickly glossed over. Our focus was more survival and gold.
From here we went East, eventually stumbling upons the ruins of a library. Some careful searching revealed a secret room filled with a cache of books we assumed were of some value. The dilemma: there were hundreds of pounds of these books. We each grabbed one, and decided to move on. We would come back for them at some later date. (Well, in our imaginations, I suppose.)
We moved North from here, passing a room with shattered statues and a stone gargoyle we proceeded to shatter ourselves. We were waiting for it to spring to life. Nope. James informed us that room was now completely full of broken statues. Destroying things was a recurring theme with our party.
Further on we found a room with writing on its walls we couldn’t read. The funny thing about this situation was that we had previously had a conversation about Read Magic / Language being a useless spell because no one ever wastes a spell slot on it. Both our magic-users had charm and sleep. We couldn’t figure out what to do about the writing so we decided to make a sketch and back track.
Heading North once more, we came across another set of pillars. There were four of them, each made of glass, and they ran floor to ceiling seemingly beyond this level in both directions. Each contained one of the four elements. We were going to move on, but someone had a pretty great idea: the air pillar was empty, so why not smash it open and jump down to a lower level of the dungeon. (OK: maybe “great” is the wrong adjective to use with respect to the idea.) We got to smashing and eventually broke enough of the pillar we could send a man through. The problem: we had assumed we had found an empty pillar; in fact air was zipping through the pillar very quickly. We spent a fair amount of time throwing things down the hole to see how fast they sped away, and if we could hear them landing somewhere safely. After some scientific research we decided jumping down was probably not a good idea. Steve’s fighter needed to be talked off the ledge, so to speak.
The very next room we encountered contained several large glass tubes, with doors. Guarding the giant empty tubes were hobgoblins. Our magic-user didn’t feel like another fight so he shouted, “sleep!” and that was that. We decided we would carry one hobgoblin with us to interrogate later. The rest? Well we fed them to the dungeon disposal system we had just found in the previous room. They zipped away to places unknown.
We explored a little bit more, and would have continued to explore indefinitely had Brendan not asked, “can we grab all of those books we found in the secret room, head back to town, try and level up, and then come back to the dungeon ‘two weeks later’”
And so it came to pass we found ourselves levelling up characters in the middle of a one-shot. James didn’t bother rolling for random encounters, something i’m guessing he would do if this was a normal game. As such our exit was without incident. My character actually didn’t earn enough gold to get to the next level, but other players fared better. (We each were grabbing odds and ends as we made our way through Dwimmermount, hence the disparity.) The hobgoblin we were lugging around was now a charmed hireling known as long hair, because we had fed him a potion of hair growth while he was unconscious. (We learned it was a potion of hair growth when his hair started growing.) With that we headed back into the dungeon, right back to where we left off. Once again, I suspect James skipped a few steps to speed things along.
The very first room we encountered when back in the dungeon was once again full of hobgoblins, but also a metric ton of treasure. God damn it! If we had explored one more room before heading back to town we all would have definitely gained a level.
From here we once again encountered a series of strange rooms we didn’t have time or energy to investigate fully: a triangle painted on the ground, probably magical; a room full of statues of gods with their heads replaced, and finally a locked door. We could hear what were probably horrible monsters behind it, so it was probably for the best the doors were locked.
We were running short on time. We back tracked to the start of the level and made our way East. We replaced one charmed hobgoblin hireling with another, after the first was killed in battle with the second. We pressed on, but ultimately our search for a way to the third level wouldn’t be fruitful. No one can say we didn’t try.
The game was a lot of fun. James wasn’t to fussy about a lot of the more tedious rules one would probably pay more attention to in a typical dungeon crawl. We weren’t really tracking time, how long torches last, etc. I think these things can be an important part of the game, but if you are only playing for 3-4 hours, there are much better things to focus on. James also drew the map of Dwimmermount as we explored. (I made my own copy, as I knew I’d want to write about this game later.) This all helped the game run quickly and smoothly. I felt like we accomplished so much in such a short period of time.
This game was probably the highlight of my time at OSRCon. I felt like we had a good group, and that we all had a good time. If you have a chance to play in a game with James I recommend you take it.
We began with 5 players. We rolled up characters using the original D&D rules, and for a change my rolls weren’t half bad. Strength was my highest score so I decided to play a fighter. We used Brendan’s random equipment lists to pick items, so this whole process was very quick. Buying items is probably the slowest part of the character creation process in D&D. I think we all had characters ready to go in about 10 minutes. The bulk of that time was probably spent trying to find the saving throws tables in the old D&D books.1 When all was said and done we had three fighters, a magic user and a cleric ready to go. We also brought two hirelings with us: Mary the Torchbearer, known for her ability to carry a torch, and a porter of no real repute.
Like all good one-shots ours began at the foot of a dungeon. Our group had marched into Dwimmermount in search of gold, presumably. The stairs into Dwimmermount entered into a room with 5 statues. Thankfully they weren’t booby trapped. Neither was the room. When playing the previous day in Ken St. Andre’s Tunnels and Trolls game, our group spent a very long time trying to get into the dungeon. It’s possible that in James’ actual Dwimmermount game this room is full of machine guns, but if you only have a few hours to play it probably doesn’t serve you well to kill all your players a few minutes into your game. We had 4 doors to choose from, one for each direction, and we chose to go East.
I was ready to just walk into the next room, but Brenden, a more patient and prudent player, thought we had a better chance with this dungeon crawl if we proceeded a bit more cautiously. From this point on every door we opened (that had a circular pull) was opened by looping rope through the pull and tugging the door open. Before we ventured into any room we’d listen for noise first. In this fashion we ventured East till we came across a circular room with a set of masks hanging on the wall. One mask was missing, and in front of where it should have been there was a long dead man, now just a pile of bones. I know what you’re thinking: it’s a trap! And you’d be right. Examining the skeleton revealed the missing mask. There wasn’t any indication on his body that he’d been hit by some sort of projectile. Looking at the wall we could see a small hole where the mask would have sat, so we guessed there was some sort of poison gas trap protecting the masks. Now I was ready to just move on, happy I’d avoided the booby trap. Smarter and/or greedier heads prevailed. We decided to carefully loop our rope through the eyes and mouths of the masks and then tug them all off the wall from a safe distance. Sure enough we could hear the room filling up with gas as the masks hit the floor. Our first “loot”: who wouldn’t want creepy death masks from a dungeon?
From here we ventured South. We ended up on the Eastern edge up of a long corridor. There were plenty of doors to open. We ignored the double doors to the East: never trust double doors. The first set of doors to the South eventually led us to the stairs down to the next level. We weren’t quite ready to head down yet.
We walked back to the long corridor and checked out the next room to the South. We found a library with some books and maps that looked like they might be of value. More loot!
Further South was another door behind which we could hear the muffled voices of something, we couldn’t be sure what. One of the other fighters and myself got in place, and we busted that door open. We encountered a bunch of monsters, who looked monstrous and maybe vaguely dwarven. They were small, anyway. We shouted, “surrender!” but they weren’t having any of that. Myself and the other fighter made short work of the first wave that approached us. The rest started to flee. The magic-user in the group thought we just weren’t speaking the right language. He shouted “surrender and join us”, but this time in dwarven. That didn’t go over too well. The ones that were fleeing ran back, angrier than they already were. Lucky for us we were wearing plate mail.2
At this point we could have continued South. We had heard some noises coming from that direction. Maybe we would have encountered more of these crazy definitely-not-dwarves. We decided the best course of action was to start making our way down as deep as we could into Dwimmermount. We were being a bit too cautious for a convention game. I mean, I hadn’t even named my Fighter.
James has a very slick hardback version of the little brown books that he built using his copies of the old Wizards of the Coasts PDFs and Lulu. I was surprised and how good the hardbacks Lulu produces are. It made me want to print up some PDFs. ↩
It costs next to nothing in OD&D. I think by the time you get to 2nd Edition it’s thousands of GP. ↩
I wasn’t completely sure what my schedule this past weekend would be like: I knew I was quite busy. When I discovered OSRCon was a thing happening in Toronto I bought tickets anyway. Even if I couldn’t go it felt like a worthwhile event to support. I was hoping I’d be able to participate a little bit, at the very least. As it turns out I managed to do much more than I thought I would over the two days the event ran.
I arrived a bit late on the first day hoping to watch Ken St. Andre running a game of Tunnels and Trolls. I wasn’t signed up for any games, and I knew Ken’s game was full, so I didn’t feel like waking up early on my day off. I arrived a half hour after his game was set to start, but managed to avoid missing any of the action. As I settled into a chair away from the gaming table I realized Ken was still discussing the finer points of Tunnels and Trolls. He spoke at length about his game. He’s clearly very passionate about T&T, and happy to proselytize about it when given the chance. Brendan from Untimately had a similar idea as myself, showing up shortly after me planning to watch the game. Ken saw both of us just sitting there and offered to let us join in. Brendan took him up on his offer and picked a troll to play. When he had to duck out for lunch–which was more or less when the game got going–I took over the character. The adventure was interesting, even though we didn’t get too far into the “Dungeon of the Bear”. Our party had a series of misadventures trying to venture down into the dungeon itself. Failing is often as much fun as succeeding with role playing games. Ken is definitely an old-school DM, out to kill his players. (Or as he put it, out to create situations where the players kill themselves.) He is a certainly character, and I’m glad I got to meet him. It was an experience.1
In the afternoon I played a game of Labyrinth Lord run by a Carter Soles of The Lands of Ara, who had made the trip to Toronto from Rochester. I had to duck out early (the reason I hadn’t signed up for anything in the afternoon), but I did get to do a fair amount of adventuring before my departure. Our party was off to investigate a presumably haunted keep, and investigate we did. The thief I rolled up had 2 hit points, so he was a little bit of a coward. Sometimes 3d6 in order works in your favour and sometimes it doesn’t. This character was all kinds of meek. You have to love basic D&D characters: they are the true everyman. I suppose that is part of the charm of playing basic D&D. Our first encounter was against some undead rats. When rats are a scary threat you know you’re playing old-school D&D.
My second day at OSRCon began with the only game I had actually signed up to play. James Maliszewski of Grognardia fame was running an Original D&D game, taking players through his megadungeon Dwimmermount. We actually managed to get through a fair amount of dungeon in a small amount of time. There was a lot of exploring and the occasional fight. I plan on doing a play report shortly. Suffice it to say I had a lot of fun.2
There was a panel discussion in the afternoon, featuring Ed Greenwood of Forgotten Realms fame, Ken St-Andre, Lawrence Whitaker from Runequest, and James from Grognardia. It was interesting hearing how these guys all ended up where they are today and their thoughts on writing and gaming. Ed Greenwood is particularly engaging. He explained that his professional writing career began by writing letters to Penthouse for $25 a pop. Apparently Dragon magazine paid $20 a pop for monsters and was more prompt in paying him. The rest is history. The talk probably would have worked better with a moderator leading the discussion and keeping people on point. The talk went a half hour or so longer than it was supposed to, and it felt like no one really knew when it was supposed to stop. Ed Greenwood and Ken St-Andre sitting next to each other discussing the game was definitely quite the scene, so I suppose we shouldn’t complain too much.
The day concluded with another round of games. Like the day before I had to leave early, so I elected to watch Ed Greenwood run a Forgotten Realms game. That guy is amazing. He puts the role in role-playing. I don’t think I’ve seen a DM quite so animated. He would literally act out the part of every NPC the players encountered–even the monsters that can’t actually talk. It was great to watch. I’m not sure how well i’d handle having to actually play in a game like that. He clearly approaches the game as shared story telling. Often I find I just want to kick in doors and kill goblins.
These last two days were the first time I had played basic D&D in a very long time, at least 15 odd years. I was surprised at just how much of the rules I had forgotten. Say what you will about 3rd and 4th edition, but they did a great job at rationalizing the game system. One success of those games is that you can more or less guess the mechanic needed to resolve any action. With basic D&D some situations call for a d6 roll, others 2d6, others a d20; sometimes you need to roll high, other times low. The game is simpler, but at the same time maybe not as simple as it could be. Of course, old-school D&D is simple in ways that that 3rd and 4th Edition don’t come close to competing in. I rolled up characters a few minutes before both the games I played in. If my characters died and I had to start again, I feel like I could have rolled up a character in a few minutes tops. These early games feel light and easy to get in to. 4th Edition feels needlessly complex with all its classes and options.
OSRCon was a lot of fun. I got to meet a bunch of fellow table top gaming enthusiasts and play a bunch of games. I don’t get to play that much D&D, so it was a nice change of pace.
I had backed the project to get them printed on Kickstarter. I don’t know if I’d ever want to run Dwimmermount myself, but I supported the project anyway as a thank you for writing such a great blog. I actually have copies of the levels of the dungeon we traveled through. I had avoided reading any of this material in the hope I would get a chance to actually go through the dungeon as a player. ↩
I recently discovered that there is a small convention that takes place in Toronto focused on old-school table-top gaming. OSRCon takes place this weekend. It sounds like it will be fairly small as conventions go, and the focus seems to be about running and playing games. If you are in or around Toronto it seems worth checking out. How easy is it to bump into people who are into old-school D&D? (That’s a rhetorical question.) | <urn:uuid:18777d98-dbc6-4027-b905-502bbade686d> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://save.vs.totalpartykill.ca/tag/osrcon2012/ | 2024-04-13T21:50:09Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.986046 | 4,407 | 4,726 |
So first we are going to look at … 5 Tiktok Strategies For Your Small Business Infographic
I’ll supply a thorough overview of in contrast to Facebook and Google, along with detailed guidelines on establishing a account and insights into for Service.
A great marketer knows that the only method to remain ahead of the competitors is to have a proactive technique to producing marketing methods. Using TikTok for your business is rather a prolific calculated choice than a straight-out bold hunch.
has actually quickly risen to turn into one of the most popular social networks platforms internationally, specifically among more youthful audiences. ads are engaging, innovative, and leverage the platform’s distinct short-form video format.
you’re going to proceed and click on connect this is going to link your Tick Tock to that very same service account that you simply created when that’s linked it should look something like this come by here
Facebook, being a social networks giant, provides a varied series of ad formats across its platforms, including Facebook, Instagram, and Messenger. The detailed targeting alternatives and extensive user data make it a powerful advertising tool.
Google control the online marketing space, permitting organizations to show on the Google search engine and its network. Google cover a vast array of formats, such as search, display screen, and video ads, supplying substantial reach.
: Perfect for brands targeting a younger group and those seeking to develop visually interesting, short-form material.
Facebook: Offers diverse audience targeting options, ideal for services looking to reach a broad group.
Google Advertisements: Great for services aiming to catch users actively looking for product and services, covering a wide range of demographics.
: Mainly focus on short-form video, typically with music, filters, and impacts, promoting creativity and engagement.
Facebook: Various formats, consisting of image and video, carousel, and immersive experiences like Instant Experience.
Google: Deals search, display, video, and app promo, catering to various business objectives.
: High engagement due to the platform’s focus on innovative and amusing content.
Facebook: Strong engagement with a varied user base however may need more imagination to stand out.
Google Ads: High intent-based engagement, especially with users actively looking for services or products.
: Typically more budget-friendly, however costs might differ based on targeting and competitors.
Facebook: Costs can vary, however normally competitive, with aspects like audience targeting affecting prices.
Google Advertisements: Expenses can be high, especially for competitive keywords, however can provide strong ROI for services.
Establishing a TikTok Account:
Action 1: Create a TikTok Ads Account:
Visit the Supervisor website.
Click “Create an Account” and fill out the required information.
Step 2: Account Confirmation:
Validate your account through e-mail or contact number.
Step 3: Produce an Advertising Campaigns:
Click “Develop” in the Manager.
Select your campaign objective (e.g., Traffic, Conversions, App Installs).
Define your target market, spending plan, and schedule.
Step 4: Advertisement Group and Advertisement Creation:
Establish an ad group within your campaign.
Choose your targeting choices, consisting of demographics, interests, and behavior.
Develop your ad, choosing the advertisement format (e.g., In-Feed Advertisement, Branded Hashtag Obstacle).
Step 5: Advertisement Positioning and Budget Plan:
Action 1: Select the wanted placement for your advertisements, such as the Audience Network.
Action 2: Identify your spending plan and technique for bidding.
Action 3: Assess and start the evaluation and launch procedure.
Review your project settings, targeting, and advertisement creatives.
Launch your advertising campaign.
TikTok for Service is a comprehensive suite of marketing options provided by to assist organizations grow and get in touch with their target market. It consists of numerous tools and functions developed to enhance brand name presence and engagement.
TikTok Advertisements Manager:
A platform for developing, handling, and optimizing ad campaigns.
Branded Hashtag Challenges:
Engage users by creating obstacles around your brand and encouraging user-generated material.
Promote your service or products with brief, interesting video in users’ For You feed.
Create and promote top quality filters, sticker labels, and augmented reality impacts for user-generated content.
Gain insights into your advertisement performance, audience demographics, and engagement metrics.
Creativity and Authenticity:
Utilize’s imaginative environment to display your brand in a genuine and appealing way.
Use’s robust targeting alternatives to reach specific demographics and interests.
Capitalize on’s potential for content to go viral, increasing brand presence.
Get in touch with a more youthful, trend-savvy audience that controls the user base.
Therefore, growing your company on is not a choice; it’s a requirement.
If you aren’t already on, this is the very best time for you to hop on board. Make use of the benefits of to grow your reach and attract possible consumers.
we can refrain from doing is talk about running without making sure that you know exactly how to find a product to sell that will actually sell for you so before we head into how to get your running let’s make certain that you know every thing that you need to understand about how to discover these products what you need to be searching for in these products and finally how to sell these products since Tick Tock is understood for its short form content and the attention period of customers is shorter than ever on this app you can think of that you would have to find an item that catches the attention of prospective clients extremely fast this suggests that a wow factor in the product that you’re offering is going to be crucial to making certain that you’re getting the attention of your audience Tick Tock is various than Facebook in that sense due to the fact that although an analytical product is still a really good choice it’s not essential to actually have success with a product on Tick Tock another crucial element that you’re going to be looking for in a product that you can offer is that it’s really being sold at a less expensive expense the perfect market price for an item on Tick Tock is around 20 to 30 dollars which is merely because the capital that’s being invested in taytog per product isn’t nearly as pricey as it is on Facebook with that in mind you wish to ensure that you’re falling in line with that cost range so that consumers feel comfy really purchasing from you based on the reality that you’re within a rate range that most users are actually acquiring it lastly you wish to make sure that the item has the prospective to have some sort of storyline behind it that would make people wish to buy it for instance if I come by here to tick tock and I’m literally simply going to come by here to the search bar and enter Tick Tock made me buy it we will encounter numerous different items that you could be offering today however you will see the ones that actually have plot behind it are going to be the ones that have one of the most engagement actually like this video right here this video right here and so on etc and you’ll see the ones that actually have the very best engagement are the ones that are telling stories similar to these right here attention grabbing right from the very beginning I honestly are sorry for purchasing your product and it’s actually narrating throughout the entire time and these are method
According to current findings, a significant majority of TikTok users, 79%, tend to favor brand names that demonstrate a strong understanding of how to develop content customized to the platform. As a result, TikTok has transitioned from being perceived as a platform primarily used by teens to a marketing powerhouse, with companies actively exploring it as their go-to method.
Before you offer your services and products on (or any other platform for that matter) and begin engaging with the audience, it is important to understand your target audience and their requirements o
If you run a service, opportunities are you will eventually utilize some kind of social networks for marketing functions. In 2022, almost 4 billion individuals are approximated to use social networks worldwide– a number that has been gradually increasing each year– which makes social media ripe with opportunity for companies to reach their target demographics.
Among the more recent social networks platforms that has recently taken off is. The app has actually been referred to as a mashup of Vine, Twitter and Instagram, permitting its 1 billion active month-to-month users to produce short-form, music-focused videos and modify them with lenses, filters and AR features.
Although was adopted early on by teenagers, it has actually been steadily getting the attention of young adults (nearly 70% of its active users are under 40), making it a prime target for any brands looking for the elusive attention of millennials and Gen Z.
With the ever-growing appeal of engagement marketing, is a terrific platform for businesses to advertise in such a way that doesn’t feel contrived or ingenuine.
Similar to any social networks site, you’ll be instantly blacklisted if you encounter as not knowing what you’re doing or not following the customs of social platforms. Spend time on the app by making a profile, following popular users and creating practice material until you seem like you have a handle on what genuine users like to engage with and the platform’s culture.
” For a business to be successful on, they require to first be active on,” Mike Prasad, founder and CEO of Tinysponsor, told Service News Daily.” [Offer] users a factor to follow you.”
Bear in mind that authenticity is the secret here; don’t attempt to develop memes if that isn’t your business’s vibe. Produce material that fits your brand name and contributes to your particular objectives.
As style shows go, the one that happened on Facebook Live in April 2021 was unique. The very first design to strut down the catwalk was Cindy, a seven-month-old pup wearing a green and blue canine flotation device. Next up was Mandalay, a tan pet dog wearing a fleece hoodie with built-in backpack. The omnichannel team at Petco, headed by chief marketing officer Katie Nauman, arranged the livestream occasion, which highlighted canine attires from two of its house brands. Each item modeled was featured plainly at the bottom of the screen. “If you see something you like, you can just click it and instantly make your purchase,” the host explained. “Get your wallets ready!”
Improved Advertisement Formats
for Service provides a range of ad formats that effortlessly mix into the user experience. From in-feed advertisements to top quality hashtags and immersive branded results, these formats enable companies to showcase their product or services captivatingly.
The platform’s advanced targeting options allow organizations to reach the ideal audience based on age, place, interests, and habits. This accuracy ensures that your material is seen by those more than likely to engage with it.
supplies detailed insights into the efficiency of your projects. You can track metrics such as views, engagement rates, and click-through rates, allowing you to enhance your strategies for better outcomes.
Brand Name Takeovers and Difficulties
Brand name takeovers permit your brand’s message to be the first thing users see when they open the app. Additionally, branded challenges motivate user-generated material and produce a sense of neighborhood engagement around your brand.
Advantages of for Service
‘s short-form videos encourage organizations to believe creatively and provide their message succinctly. This format allows you to create remarkable content that resonates with users.
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Discover New Audiences
‘s algorithm promotes material to users requiring to follow your account. This opens the possibility of reaching new and diverse audiences.
Is for Service Right for You?
TikTok for Service accommodates numerous markets, from fashion and charm to technology and food. If you’re looking for a platform that values imagination, engagement, and community-building, for Organization might be the missing piece in your marketing puzzle.
How much does it cost to use 5 Tiktok Strategies For Your Small Business Infographic for business?
Using for small companies is the very best bet to grow your online presence and gain more views and engagement by producing creative videos.
This blog will discuss the most important hows and whys for unleashing your brand name’s innovative side on for company marketing.
Numerous social media specialists like Gary Vee and Rachel Pederson backed the concept that will be a major gamer in the social networks platform market. Cut to the present– you can see how has actually grown like wildfire.
sell and no factor that you can’t be earning money with them but you might be asking how do I discover them well we’re about to enter into it and so a lot more that you’re going to need to understand but before we do if you’re someone who’s looking for tailored individually guidance no matter your experience level and take a look at me got by the hand with my team and I with a customized one-on-one mentorship reach out to me on my Instagram at air conditioner underscore Hampton DM me the word mentorship or use with the link down listed below for the restricted areas that we have offered alright let’s go on and solve into it one app that you’re definitely going to wish to take advantage of while trying to find winning products on Tick Tock is called PP PP is Tick tock’s product research study app that’s assisted me discover item after product to start selling on Tick Tock and can help you do the precise very same thing so if we head over here to pp you can see there’s a couple different choices up top from Tick Tock ad search which is going to show you different kinds of and trends that are presently trending on the app then they have this product search tab right here which is going to reveal you numerous various items that have the prospective to sell and even if you head into this area and find a product that you like I suggest they reveal you all these various items let’s state you like this one right here I mean it’s even going to provide you the store link their product link and reveal you advertisements that are being utilized for the product right now with how much engagement they have how long they have actually been running and even who they’re targeting the quantity of info that you can obtain from this app is going to make amusing winning products remarkably easy for you and we have not even got to my preferred part yet and they also have actually a section called winning products which is going to reveal you everything that I just told you that the product research section reveals you however specifically for products that are dealing with the app today and the 2nd you click it you can see that they’re going to reveal you thousands of items you can be offering right now hey and hint tip You may be seeing some of my right here this is the area that I extremely suggest that you use since like I constantly state you need to never attempt to transform the wheel however just discover what’s working already for another person and allow it to work for you too and let me inform you this area is going to show you what’s working when you’re in fact scrolling through the Area you’re going to wish to look for a product that strikes those points that we just spoke about with the having a wow factor being sold in between 20 to 30 dollars and have the potential to have a story behind it and I like to begin with minimum 20 to 30 000 Impressions when you discover a product that fulfills those requirements that’s when you’ll want to confirm that it’s presently trending and getting active engagement on the post so for instance let’s go on and click on these shark slides right here I indicate it’s obviously revealing to be incredibly popular with 1.8 million impressions and practically 40 000 likes there’s apparent engagement behind it then you’re going to wish to pull up Tick Tock on your phone and search for that exact item so I’m literally going to come by here to tick tock go to the search bar key in shark slides and then I’m going to strike the filter button on the side and filter down by the week and this is going to enable me to see if people are actively marketing this product I imply as you can see there’s people putting out and natural content each and every single day 16 hours ago 18 hours ago 39 minutes ago I imply it simply keeps going on and on and on and now are they simply advertising it actively however some of these are in fact getting some actually great engagement behind it I mean look at this it has 17.3 000 likes on it and if you want to begin with PP with an outright free trial and 20 off when you first get started you can check out the link in my description to go ahead and begin with that today we’re about to head into running your but before we do make sure to go on and smash that like button if you’re going to
Here are a couple of stats that show why an organization can not pay for to ignore. 5 Tiktok Strategies For Your Small Business Infographic
users monitor 167 million hours of video material on the app in a sample of one minute, according to Statista.
The total variety of app installations on user devices has actually been more than 3 billion, based on Sensortower.
is currently available in more than 141 nations and is amongst the leading 50 apps in 140 nations, primarily in Asian countries, as per appTrace.com.
35% of TikTok users internationally are below 30, the biggest age bracket of users.
The most popular account has 136.6 million fans and has made USD 17.5 million, making them the highest-paid star, as per a Forbes report.
is a fairly brand-new platform and is majorly focused on getting more users instead of on strongly generating income from the platform. Therefore, online marketers should focus their marketing technique just on content production and gathering optimal reach in a short duration.
Top 5 Benefits of Using for Business
1. Connects You to Millennials
Most of users are millennials. Thus, the platform presents a terrific opportunity for your organization to connect with this key market in a fun and authentic way.
ick Tock account set up that’s when you’re gon na head over to tick tock Service Center and link the tick tock account that you just produced it’s as simple as this literally simply reviewing here to Google and type in Tick Tock Service Center and after that you wish to go ahead and click on this one right here this is going to prompt you to turn this Tick Tock account into a service account which you wish to do as that’s what’s going to allow you to not just develop an advertisement account and pixel to run advertisements with but also include your store Link in your bio for customers to quickly get to your shop after viewing and seeing your material first thing you wish to do is proceed and click on develop an account and here you can see it states create Marketer account this is where you’re going to go on and register with your Tick Tock that you currently just developed or if you want to do it manually you can simply proceed and enter your details right here with your email and password then you wish to come by here to service centers account and develop brand-new go ahead and enter your business name and your time zone your company type I’m an Advertiser and enter your company website and business name and after that last but not least just go ahead and include your billing details and then go on and click create as soon as that’s produced
A research study found that including Calls to Action (CTAs) in video text can up conversion by 152%. | <urn:uuid:3421d822-0fe5-46c7-8875-167489aedff3> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://stoczniowiec.com/5-tiktok-strategies-for-your-small-business-infographic/ | 2024-04-13T21:38:19Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.942664 | 4,353 | 4,660 |
AIMM: The Maturity Model for AI corporate adoption
Following is the logic of a maturity model:
1. AI Readiness:
Level one: no maturity, efforts in place to agree on a common language and common terminology.
Level two: specific key processes are aligned across the organization. These are chosen for their relevance but are separate from each other. Failure in implementing one of the processes will stay isolated and not impact the alignment of the other processes.
2. AI Maturity:
Level three: introduction of a methodology. Processes are aligned and interrelated. Reaching this level successfully will bring very significant value because of the alignment across the corporate system, but also very significant risks, since a failure in one area will reverberate across the system since parts are highly integrated and interrelated.
Level four: Tracking and monitoring the progress of the system. Introduction of bench-marking (internal and external), dashboards, information radiators. Change is managed by exception, gaps and challenges are quickly identified, and action plans may be devised to fill them.
Level five: Change is embedded into the normal ways of working. Seeking failure out and acting on improvement is part of the culture.
– No Maturity: The organization has just begun exploring AI, with efforts focused on building a foundational understanding among team members.
– Common Language and Terminology: Initiatives are in place to ensure everyone within the organization understands basic AI concepts, terminology, and the potential impact of AI on the business.
– Key Process Identification: The organization identifies key processes where AI could be beneficial and starts aligning AI initiatives with business objectives, albeit in isolated projects.
– Isolated Implementation: Each AI project is managed independently. Failures in one project do not impact others, maintaining isolated risks.
Level Three: Methodological Integration
– Introduction of a Methodology: The company adopts a structured methodology for AI implementation, integrating AI with existing business processes.
– Interrelated Processes: AI projects are no longer isolated; they are interrelated and aligned across the organization, leading to more significant value but also increased risk.
– Tracking and Monitoring: The organization implements systems for tracking and monitoring AI projects, using benchmarks, dashboards, and information radiators to measure progress and performance.
– Change Management: The company adopts a proactive approach to managing change, identifying gaps and challenges in AI adoption, and addressing them systemically.
– Embedded Change: AI adoption is fully integrated into the company’s ways of working. Seeking out areas for improvement and implementing changes becomes a natural part of the organizational culture.
– Continuous Improvement: The organization fosters an environment where employees are encouraged to identify failures and inefficiencies as opportunities for learning and growth in AI capabilities.
This model should serve as a guideline for organizations aiming to adopt AI effectively. It emphasizes the importance of building a common understanding, aligning AI with business processes, integrating methodologies, managing change systematically, and embedding continuous improvement into the company culture.
To fulfil Level One and prepare to move on to Level Two in the AI adoption maturity model, an organization can undertake the following actions:
1. Assessment of Current AI Knowledge:
– Conduct an initial assessment to determine the current level of AI understanding within the organization.
– Identify key stakeholders and their understanding of AI.
2. Developing a Common Language and Understanding:
– Host workshops, seminars, or training sessions to introduce AI concepts, terminology, and potential applications relevant to the business.
– Create and distribute educational materials, such as glossaries, FAQs, and introductory guides to AI.
3. Establishing AI Awareness Goals:
– Set clear, measurable objectives for increasing AI awareness and understanding across the organization.
– Define what success looks like for reaching an adequate level of AI literacy.
4. Communication Plan:
– Develop a communication plan to keep all employees informed about AI initiatives, progress, and how they can contribute.
– Use various channels such as newsletters, intranet posts, and regular meetings to disseminate AI knowledge.
5. Feedback Mechanism:
– Implement a system for collecting feedback on the AI awareness programs.
– Use this feedback to improve the programs and ensure they meet the needs of all employees.
6. Identifying AI Champions:
– Identify and empower a group of AI champions or ambassadors from different departments who can help spread AI awareness and encourage their peers.
1. AI Potential Identification:
– Begin identifying key business processes and areas where AI could provide significant value.
– Prioritize processes based on factors like impact, feasibility, and alignment with business goals.
2. Baseline Performance Metrics:
– Establish baseline metrics for the identified processes to measure the impact of future AI implementations.
– Ensure that data collection systems are in place for these metrics.
3. Stakeholder Engagement:
– Engage with stakeholders from the identified key processes to understand their needs, challenges, and expectations from AI.
– Start building a cross-functional team that will lead the AI integration efforts.
4. Resource Assessment:
– Assess the current resources available for AI initiatives, including budget, talent, and technology.
– Identify gaps and plan for resource acquisition or development.
5. Risk Assessment and Management Plan:
– Begin assessing potential risks associated with AI adoption for the identified processes.
– Develop a preliminary risk management plan to address these risks.
6. Learning and Development Plan:
– Develop a learning and development plan to upskill employees, focusing on the skills needed for the upcoming AI projects.
– Include both technical and non-technical skills relevant to AI adoption.
By completing these actions, the organization will have built a solid foundation of AI awareness and understanding, setting the stage for successful AI integration into specific key processes in Level Two.
To fulfill Level Two and prepare to move on to Level Three in the AI adoption maturity model, an organization can undertake the following actions:
1. Selection of Key Processes for AI Integration:
– Finalize the selection of specific key business processes where AI can be most beneficial based on the preliminary work done in Level One.
– Ensure these processes are varied but critical to the business, to showcase the potential of AI across different areas.
2. AI Project Planning:
– Develop detailed project plans for each selected AI initiative, outlining objectives, required resources, timelines, and expected outcomes.
– Establish clear roles and responsibilities within each AI project team.
3. Data Preparation and Infrastructure Setup:
– Ensure the availability and accessibility of quality data required for AI projects.
– Set up or enhance the necessary IT and data infrastructure to support AI initiatives, ensuring security, privacy, and scalability.
4. AI Pilot Projects:
– Launch pilot projects for the selected processes to test and refine AI solutions in controlled environments.
– Monitor performance, collect feedback, and make necessary adjustments.
5. Stakeholder Communication and Engagement:
– Keep stakeholders informed about the progress and outcomes of AI pilot projects.
– Engage them in the process to gather insights, secure buy-in, and foster collaboration.
6. Evaluation and Learning:
– Systematically evaluate the outcomes of AI pilot projects against predefined metrics and goals.
– Capture lessons learned, best practices, and areas for improvement.
7. Scaling and Integration:
– Based on pilot results, refine AI models and strategies.
– Begin scaling successful AI solutions across the targeted processes, integrating them into everyday business operations.
1. Methodology Development:
– Start developing a comprehensive methodology for AI integration, considering organizational culture, structure, and business objectives.
– Include frameworks for governance, project management, and continuous improvement.
2. Cross-Process Alignment:
– Identify opportunities for aligning and interrelating AI initiatives across different business processes.
– Plan for the integration of AI solutions to ensure they complement and enhance each other.
3. Capability and Skill Development:
– Assess the broader AI capabilities and skills needed across the organization for the upcoming integration phase.
– Expand the learning and development plan to address these needs, focusing on interdisciplinary skills and AI literacy beyond the IT department.
4. Change Management Strategy:
– Develop a change management strategy to support the upcoming organizational changes and ensure smooth adoption of integrated AI solutions.
– Include communication plans, training programs, and support structures.
5. Risk Management Enhancement:
– Update and enhance the risk management plan to address new risks associated with broader AI integration.
– Include contingency plans for potential failures or disruptions.
6. Infrastructure and Data Strategy Review:
– Review and update the data and IT infrastructure strategy to support expanded AI use.
– Ensure scalability, security, and efficiency as AI becomes more integrated into business processes.
By completing these actions, the organization will have successfully integrated AI into specific key processes and prepared itself for the broader methodological integration of AI solutions across different areas of the business in Level Three.
To fulfill Level Three and prepare to move on to Level Four in the AI adoption maturity model, an organization can undertake the following actions:
1. Comprehensive AI Strategy:
– Develop or refine a comprehensive AI strategy that aligns with the organization’s overall business goals and objectives.
– Ensure the strategy includes a clear methodology for integrating AI across various business processes and functions.
2. Interdepartmental Collaboration:
– Facilitate collaboration between different departments and teams to ensure AI initiatives are aligned and interrelated across the organization.
– Establish cross-functional teams or working groups to oversee the integration of AI into various business processes.
3. Process Reengineering:
– Review and reengineer business processes as necessary to fully leverage AI capabilities, ensuring processes are streamlined, interconnected, and optimized for AI integration.
– Document changes and ensure all relevant employees are trained on new processes.
4. AI Governance Framework:
– Establish or enhance the AI governance framework to include guidelines, policies, and standards for AI use across the organization.
– Ensure the governance framework addresses ethical considerations, compliance, data privacy, and security.
5. Advanced Data Management:
– Implement advanced data management practices to support AI initiatives, including data quality, accessibility, and interoperability.
– Ensure a robust data infrastructure that supports the seamless flow and analysis of information across systems.
6. Continuous Learning and Improvement:
– Foster a culture of continuous learning and improvement with regular training sessions, workshops, and knowledge-sharing platforms.
– Encourage experimentation and innovation within AI projects.
7. Performance Measurement:
– Develop and implement a comprehensive set of metrics and KPIs to measure the performance and impact of AI initiatives across the organization.
– Regularly review and adjust AI strategies based on performance metrics.
1. Advanced Monitoring and Tracking Systems:
– Begin developing or enhancing systems for tracking and monitoring the performance of AI-driven processes and initiatives.
– Consider implementing advanced analytics, dashboards, and reporting tools to provide real-time insights into AI performance.
– Start benchmarking the organization’s AI capabilities and performance against industry standards or competitors.
– Identify areas for improvement and set targets for reaching best-in-class status in AI adoption.
3. Change Management Enhancement:
– Enhance change management strategies to support the ongoing transformation and integration of AI.
– Ensure mechanisms are in place to manage resistance, foster buy-in, and support employees through the transition.
4. Advanced Risk Management:
– Develop advanced risk management strategies specifically for AI, considering the broader impacts and dependencies introduced by interconnected AI systems.
– Plan for scenario analysis and crisis management to mitigate potential risks associated with AI integration.
5. Leadership and Culture:
– Strengthen leadership support for AI initiatives, ensuring leaders are informed, engaged, and advocate for AI across the organization.
– Continue to cultivate a culture that supports innovation, data-driven decision-making, and continuous improvement.
6. Infrastructure and Technology Review:
– Conduct a comprehensive review of the existing IT infrastructure and technology stack to ensure they support advanced AI applications and data analytics.
– Plan upgrades or enhancements as necessary to support the increasing scale and sophistication of AI solutions.
By completing these actions, the organization will have successfully integrated AI methodologies across its business processes and be well-prepared to move into systemic management and optimization of AI capabilities in Level Four.
To fulfill Level Four and prepare to move on to Level Five in the AI adoption maturity model, an organization can undertake the following actions:
1. Integrated Performance Monitoring:
– Implement comprehensive monitoring systems that track the performance of AI initiatives against business objectives across the organization.
– Utilize dashboards, information radiators, and analytics tools to provide real-time insights and visibility into AI performance.
2. Benchmarking and Best Practices:
– Conduct regular benchmarking against industry standards and competitors to identify areas of improvement and opportunities for innovation in AI usage.
– Adopt best practices from within and outside the industry to continually enhance AI capabilities.
3. Advanced Change Management:
– Implement advanced change management practices to ensure that AI-driven changes are effectively communicated and adopted throughout the organization.
– Develop strategies to handle resistance and empower employees to adapt to new ways of working with AI.
4. Continuous Process Optimization:
– Continuously review and optimize AI-driven processes for efficiency and effectiveness.
– Implement feedback loops where employees can contribute ideas and feedback on AI tools and processes.
5. Risk Management and Compliance:
– Enhance risk management frameworks to address the unique challenges and risks presented by AI, including ethical considerations, bias, and data security.
– Ensure that AI practices comply with all relevant regulations and ethical standards.
6. Leadership and Culture for AI:
– Strengthen the role of leadership in promoting and supporting AI initiatives.
– Cultivate a culture that values data-driven decision-making, innovation, and continuous learning.
7. Skills and Capabilities Development:
– Continue investing in training and development programs to build AI literacy and skills across the organization.
– Encourage cross-disciplinary learning and collaboration to enhance the AI ecosystem within the company.
1. Innovation Management:
– Develop mechanisms to encourage and manage innovation within the organization, such as innovation labs, hackathons, and idea incubation platforms.
– Ensure that there are clear processes for scaling successful innovations across the business.
2. Advanced AI Integration:
– Plan for deeper integration of AI into business processes and decision-making, moving beyond operational tasks to strategic areas.
– Explore advanced AI technologies such as machine learning, natural language processing, and robotics, and assess their potential applications within the organization.
3. Organizational Agility:
– Enhance organizational structures and processes to be more agile and adaptable to changes brought about by AI and other emerging technologies.
– Ensure that the organization can quickly respond to new opportunities and challenges in the AI landscape.
4. Proactive Failure Management:
– Develop a culture that not only tolerates but encourages experimentation and learns from failures.
– Implement systems to capture and analyze failures and near-misses to improve future AI initiatives.
5. Customer-Centric AI Solutions:
– Focus on developing AI solutions that enhance customer experiences and meet customer needs.
– Utilize customer feedback and data analytics to continuously improve AI-driven products and services.
6. Sustainable AI Practices:
– Ensure that AI practices are sustainable and consider long-term impacts on society and the environment.
– Adopt responsible AI principles that promote transparency, fairness, and accountability.
By completing these actions, the organization will have systematically managed and optimized its AI capabilities and be well-prepared to move into embedding AI as a core aspect of its culture and operations in Level Five.
To fulfill Level Five and consolidate the results obtained in the AI adoption maturity model, an organization can undertake the following actions:
1. Cultural Transformation:
– Ensure that the organization fully embraces a culture of innovation, experimentation, and continuous improvement, where AI is an integral part of every employee’s mindset and daily activities.
– Recognize and reward contributions to AI initiatives and improvements to foster an environment where seeking out and acting on improvement is the norm.
2. Continuous AI Integration:
– Continuously integrate AI into new and existing business processes, ensuring it becomes a natural part of the workflow and decision-making processes.
– Encourage departments to identify opportunities for AI application independently and to initiate projects with the support of the AI team.
3. Organization-Wide AI Literacy:
– Ensure that all levels of the organization have a sufficient understanding of AI capabilities and limitations, enabling them to identify opportunities for AI use and contribute to AI initiatives.
– Provide ongoing education and resources to keep up with evolving AI technologies and methodologies.
4. Innovation Ecosystems:
– Strengthen relationships with external partners, academia, industry groups, and technology providers to stay at the forefront of AI innovation.
– Participate in or create ecosystems that foster collaboration, co-innovation, and sharing of best practices in AI.
5. Customer and Stakeholder Engagement:
– Embed AI solutions that enhance customer and stakeholder engagement, using AI to better understand and predict customer needs and improve the customer experience.
– Involve customers and other stakeholders in the co-creation of AI solutions to ensure they add real value.
6. Sustainable and Ethical AI:
– Ensure that AI solutions are developed and used in an ethical, transparent, and accountable manner, with a focus on long-term sustainability.
– Regularly review and update AI governance frameworks to address emerging ethical, legal, and societal challenges.
7. Advanced Analytics and Decision-Making:
– Utilize advanced analytics, machine learning, and AI to derive deeper insights from data, supporting more informed and proactive decision-making across the organization.
– Embed predictive analytics and AI-driven insights into strategic planning and operational processes.
8. Agile and Resilient Operations:
– Develop agile and resilient operations that can quickly adapt to changes and challenges, leveraging AI for scenario planning, risk management, and crisis response.
– Ensure that the organization can rapidly scale AI solutions up or down based on changing needs and circumstances.
9. Measuring Impact and ROI:
– Implement comprehensive metrics and KPIs to measure the impact and ROI of AI initiatives, ensuring alignment with business objectives.
– Use these measurements to refine AI strategies, demonstrate value, and secure ongoing investment in AI.
10. Future-Proofing the Organization:
– Regularly reassess and update the AI strategy to align with evolving business goals, technological advancements, and market conditions.
– Prepare the workforce for future changes by fostering a mindset of lifelong learning and adaptability.
By completing these actions, the organization will have successfully embedded AI into its culture and operations, driving continuous innovation and improvement. The consolidation of results involves not only reflecting on the successes and learnings from AI initiatives but also ensuring these insights are integrated into future strategies and operations, thereby maintaining a competitive edge and delivering ongoing value to customers and stakeholders.
Sample questions to use for level assessment
For assessing an organization’s attainment of Level 1 in the AI maturity model, which focuses on initial awareness and the establishment of a common language, we can use the following questions. Employees should be able to respond with options ranging from “Strongly Agree” to “Strongly Disagree”:
- Awareness: I am aware of what Artificial Intelligence (AI) means and its potential impact on our industry and organization.
- Understanding: I understand basic AI concepts and terminology (such as machine learning, algorithms, natural language processing).
- Communication: I have received clear communication from the organization regarding the importance and role of AI in our operations.
- Resources: I know where to find resources and learning materials if I want to increase my understanding of AI.
- Training and Development: The organization has provided training sessions or workshops on AI that I have found accessible and informative.
- Relevance: I can see how AI could be relevant and beneficial to my role or department within the organization.
- Initiatives Awareness: I am aware of any current or upcoming AI initiatives within the organization.
- Feedback Opportunities: I feel encouraged to provide my input or feedback on AI-related topics or projects within the organization.
- Strategy and Goals: I am familiar with our organization’s goals or strategy regarding the adoption and integration of AI.
- Cultural Readiness: I believe there is a supportive culture within our organization that encourages learning and curiosity about AI.
These questions, answerable on a scale from “Strongly Agree” to “Strongly Disagree,” will help gauge employees’ awareness and understanding of AI within the organization, which are key indicators of whether the organization has reached Level 1 maturity in AI adoption.
For assessing whether an organization has reached Level 2 in the AI maturity model, which focuses on process alignment and the beginning of AI project implementation, we consider the following questions. Employees should respond with options ranging from “Strongly Agree” to “Strongly Disagree”:
- Process Identification: I am aware of specific key processes within our organization that have been identified for AI integration.
- AI Project Clarity: I understand the objectives and expected outcomes of AI projects within our organization.
- Role Clarity: I know how my role or department can contribute to or is impacted by AI initiatives.
- Isolation of Projects: I believe that failure in one AI project would not adversely affect other processes or projects within the organization.
- Communication of AI Projects: I receive regular updates and clear communication about the progress and results of AI projects.
- Training for AI Projects: I have access to training or resources that help me understand and contribute to AI projects relevant to my work.
- Cross-departmental Collaboration: There is effective collaboration between different departments and teams working on AI projects.
- Supportive Environment for AI Projects: The organization provides adequate support (such as resources, time, and leadership) for AI projects.
- Feedback Mechanism: There is a mechanism in place for providing feedback on AI projects and this feedback is used to improve future projects.
- Alignment with Business Goals: AI initiatives within our organization are aligned with and contribute to our overall business goals.
These questions, designed to be answered on a scale from “Strongly Agree” to “Strongly Disagree,” will help gauge the level of process alignment, clarity, and support for AI initiatives within the organization, indicative of reaching Level 2 maturity in AI adoption.
For evaluating whether an organization has reached Level 3 in the AI maturity model, which focuses on methodological integration and the alignment of AI initiatives across the organization, we consider the following questions. Employees should be able to respond with options from “Strongly Agree” to “Strongly Disagree”:
- Integrated Methodology: I am aware that our organization employs a standardized methodology for integrating AI across different business processes.
- Interrelated Initiatives: I believe that AI initiatives in our organization are interrelated and support one another across different departments.
- Value Addition: I feel that the integration of AI has added significant value to our organization’s operations and strategic goals.
- Risk Awareness: I am aware of the risks associated with AI integration in our business and understand how these risks are managed.
- Employee Involvement: I feel involved in the AI initiatives and believe my input can influence the outcome of these projects.
- Cross-functional Teams: I see effective communication and collaboration between cross-functional teams working on AI initiatives.
- Change Management: I believe our organization effectively manages changes associated with AI integration, including addressing employee concerns and training needs.
- Comprehensive Training: I have access to comprehensive training and resources to understand and work effectively with our AI systems.
- Decision-making Support: I find that AI tools and systems in our organization support better decision-making and efficiency in my work.
- Organizational Culture: I believe that our organizational culture supports the alignment and integration of AI across various processes and departments.
These questions, designed to be answered on a scale from “Strongly Agree” to “Strongly Disagree,” will help assess the extent of methodological integration, employee involvement, and the perceived value of AI within the organization, which are indicative of reaching Level 3 maturity in AI adoption.
For assessing whether an organization has reached Level 4 in the AI maturity model, which emphasizes systematic management, tracking, benchmarking, and change management, we consider these questions for employees. Responses should range from “Strongly Agree” to “Strongly Disagree”:
- Performance Tracking: I am aware that our organization systematically tracks and monitors the performance of AI initiatives using specific metrics and KPIs.
- Benchmarking Practices: I know that our organization regularly benchmarks our AI capabilities against industry standards or competitors.
- Data-Driven Decisions: In my department, decisions are increasingly made based on data and insights generated by AI systems.
- Change Management: I believe that changes resulting from AI integration are managed effectively, minimizing disruptions and ensuring a smooth transition.
- Proactive Issue Identification: Our organization proactively identifies and addresses issues in AI projects before they escalate.
- AI Solutions Scalability: I am confident that successful AI solutions are scaled and implemented across the organization efficiently.
- Employee Empowerment: I feel empowered to suggest improvements or changes to AI systems and processes within the organization.
- Learning and Development: I have ongoing opportunities for learning and development related to AI and its applications in our business.
- Innovation Support: I see a supportive environment for innovation where employees are encouraged to develop and propose new AI-driven solutions.
- Strategic Alignment: I believe that AI initiatives are closely aligned with the strategic goals and objectives of our organization.
These questions are structured to gauge the level of systematic AI management within the organization, including performance monitoring, change management, employee involvement, and strategic alignment, which are indicative of reaching Level 4 maturity in AI adoption.
For evaluating whether an organization has reached Level 5 in the AI maturity model, which focuses on the widespread integration of AI into the culture and continuous improvement cycles, we consider the following questions. Employees should be able to respond with options ranging from “Strongly Agree” to “Strongly Disagree”:
- AI as Standard Practice: I believe that using AI solutions and tools is a standard practice across our organization in decision-making and operational processes.
- Continuous Improvement: I see a continuous effort within our organization to improve and update AI systems and technologies based on new information and feedback.
- Innovation Culture: I feel that our organization actively fosters a culture of innovation where employees are encouraged to come up with and implement new AI-driven solutions.
- Failure as a Learning Tool: I agree that in our organization, failures in AI projects are viewed as opportunities for learning and improvement, not as setbacks.
- Employee Empowerment: I believe all employees are empowered to suggest improvements or changes to AI systems and processes.
- Customer-Centric AI: I am confident that our AI initiatives are aligned with and actively contribute to enhancing customer satisfaction and experience.
- Ethical AI Use: I am assured that our organization adheres to ethical standards in the development and application of AI, prioritizing fairness, transparency, and accountability.
- Proactive Skill Development: I have access to ongoing education and training opportunities related to AI and am encouraged to develop relevant skills for future needs.
- Strategic AI Alignment: I believe our organization’s AI strategies are well-aligned with its long-term goals and industry trends.
- Global AI Leadership: I feel that our organization is a leader in AI innovation and application in our industry.
These questions, designed to be answered on a scale from “Strongly Agree” to “Strongly Disagree,” will help gauge the level of AI integration into the organizational culture, the emphasis on continuous improvement and innovation, and the overall employee engagement and perception of AI, indicative of reaching Level 5 maturity in AI adoption. | <urn:uuid:7b7fd41d-6c8b-451d-98b6-357f145f6b24> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://swiss-management-training.ch/ai-implementation-maturity-model/ | 2024-04-13T22:35:15Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.909599 | 5,888 | 6,968 |
Hold On is a popular song that has been making waves in the music industry. However, there has been a debate about whether the song is a Christian song or not. Some critics argue that the song’s lyrics and musical composition are not consistent with Christian music standards, while others believe that the song is a powerful testimony of faith and hope.
Origins and Inspiration
According to Lauren Daigle, the artist behind the song, Hold On was inspired by her personal struggles with anxiety and depression. In an interview with The Christian Post, she revealed that the song was written during a time when she was feeling overwhelmed and discouraged. She explained that the song’s message is about holding on to hope and faith during difficult times.
The lyrics of Hold On are centered on the theme of perseverance and hope. The song encourages listeners to hold on to their faith and not give up, even in the face of adversity. Some of the lyrics that have been interpreted as Christian include, “When the best of me is barely breathing, when I’m not somebody I believe in, hold on to me,” and “I could rest here in your arms forever, ’cause I know nobody loves me better.” However, some critics argue that the song’s lyrics are too vague and could be interpreted in different ways.
- Hold On was inspired by Lauren Daigle’s personal struggles with anxiety and depression.
- The song’s lyrics are centered on the theme of perseverance and hope, and encourage listeners to hold on to their faith during difficult times.
- While some argue that the song’s lyrics and musical composition are not consistent with Christian music standards, others believe that it is a powerful testimony of faith and hope.
Origins and Inspiration
Katy Nichole’s Journey
Katy Nichole is a Christian singer-songwriter who has been open about her struggles with depression and anxiety in the past. She has shared that her faith in God has been a source of strength and hope for her during the darkest moments of her life. In an interview with Promise FM, she revealed that her song “Hold On” is about her own journey through pain and darkness. She explains that the song is a reminder to hold on to hope and faith, even when things seem bleak.
The song “Hold On” was written by Katy Nichole herself, along with co-writers Kenna Turner West and Ethan Hulse. According to an article on WMCA, the song was inspired by a conversation that Katy had with a friend who was going through a difficult time. She wanted to encourage her friend to hold on to hope and faith, and the lyrics of the song came out of that conversation.
The song has resonated with many listeners who have also faced struggles and challenges in their lives. The message of the song is one of hope and perseverance, and it reminds listeners that they are not alone in their pain. The song encourages people to hold on to their faith and trust that things will get better.
Overall, “Hold On” is a powerful Christian song that speaks to the struggles and challenges that many people face in their lives. It is a reminder to hold on to hope and faith, even in the darkest moments, and to trust that God is with us every step of the way.
The lyrics of “Hold On” by Katy Nichole are filled with themes of hope and perseverance, as well as religious symbolism. The song encourages listeners to keep holding on, even in the midst of difficult times.
Themes of Hope and Perseverance
The lyrics remind listeners that life matters and they should not give up. The song encourages them to hold on and stay strong, even when things get tough. The lyrics say, “Hold on just a little bit longer. I know it’s gonna be okay. These days are gonna make you stronger. You’ll find purpose in the pain.” This message of hope and perseverance is a common theme in Christian music.
The song also includes religious symbolism, reminding listeners to have faith in God. The lyrics say, “Deep down there’s a well of faith. Let hope arise as you’re lifting up my name.” This imagery of a well of faith and lifting up God’s name is a reminder to listeners that they are not alone and that they can rely on their faith to get them through difficult times.
The song does not explicitly mention Christ or the Bible, but it does use religious symbolism to convey its message. Overall, “Hold On” is a powerful reminder to listeners to keep holding on and to have faith in God, even in the midst of difficult times.
Melody and Harmony
Hold On is a Christian song that features a simple yet powerful melody and harmony. The song was written and composed by David Leonard and appears on his debut solo album, “The Wait.” The melody is composed of a series of repetitive phrases that build in intensity as the song progresses. The harmonies are simple but effective, adding depth and dimension to the melody.
The song begins with a simple piano riff that sets the tone for the rest of the song. The melody is then introduced with Leonard’s soulful vocals, which are accompanied by a minimalistic arrangement of percussion, bass, and guitar. The chorus features a soaring melody that is accentuated by a background choir, adding an uplifting and anthemic quality to the song.
In terms of production, Hold On is a well-crafted song that features a clean and polished sound. The song was produced by Leonard and Paul Mabury, who have worked together on several other Christian music projects. The production is characterized by its use of subtle electronic elements, such as programmed drums and synths, which add a modern edge to the song.
The song’s mix is also noteworthy, with each instrument and vocal part given its own space in the mix. The vocals, in particular, are mixed to be front and center, allowing the listener to fully appreciate Leonard’s emotive delivery. The song’s overall sound is warm and inviting, creating a sense of intimacy between the listener and the music.
Overall, Hold On is a well-crafted Christian song that features a simple yet powerful melody and harmony. The song’s production is clean and polished, with subtle electronic elements adding a modern edge to the sound. The song is a testament to Leonard’s talent as a songwriter and producer, and is sure to resonate with Christian music fans around the world.
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“Hold On” by Katy Nichole has had a significant impact on Christian music listeners since its release. The song’s message of hope and encouragement has resonated with many, and its popularity has only continued to grow. The official music video on YouTube has garnered over 5 million views, with many viewers leaving comments expressing how the song has touched them personally.
The song has also been well-received on radio stations across the country, with many listeners calling in to request it. According to a recent survey, “Hold On” was one of the top 10 most requested Christian songs on the radio in the past year.
Critics have also praised “Hold On” for its powerful message and emotional impact. Many have noted the song’s ability to speak to those struggling with depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues. The song has been described as “uplifting,” “inspiring,” and “life-changing” by various music critics and reviewers.
Katy Nichole’s social media pages have also been flooded with positive comments from fans who have been touched by the song. Her Instagram and Facebook pages are filled with messages of gratitude and encouragement from listeners who have found hope and strength in the lyrics of “Hold On.”
Overall, “Hold On” has had a significant impact on Christian music listeners and has been well-received by both fans and critics alike.
Music Video Narrative
The music video for “Hold On” by Katy Nichole is a powerful visual representation of the song’s message of hope and perseverance. The video begins with Nichole walking through a dark and desolate landscape, symbolizing the difficult journey she has been on. As she sings, the scenery changes, and she finds herself in a beautiful field of flowers, representing the transformation she has undergone.
Throughout the video, Nichole is seen wearing a stunning crystal blue gown, which serves as a symbol of her future self. The gown represents the person she is striving to become, and the hope she holds onto for a better future. The imagery of the gown is reinforced by the lyrics of the song, which encourage listeners to “hold on” and believe that things will get better.
The narrative of the video is intercut with scenes of Nichole in a recording studio, further emphasizing the personal nature of the song. The footage of Nichole recording the song adds a layer of authenticity to the video, as viewers can see the emotion on her face as she sings.
Overall, the music video for “Hold On” is a moving and inspiring representation of Katy Nichole’s personal story of transformation and hope. The video’s use of symbolism and imagery helps to reinforce the song’s message, and the inclusion of footage of Nichole in the recording studio adds a layer of authenticity to the video.
Personal Stories and Testimonies
The release of Katy Nichole’s hit single “Hold On” has sparked many conversations and interactions between the singer and her fans. Many fans have reached out to Katy on social media, including Instagram and Facebook, to share their personal stories of how the song has touched their lives.
Several fans have shared that they were struggling with suicidal thoughts and that “Hold On” gave them hope and the strength to keep fighting. Others have shared that they were going through a difficult time, and the lyrics of the song helped them to find comfort and peace.
Katy Nichole’s Testimony
Katy Nichole has been open about the fact that “Hold On” is a deeply personal song for her. In several interviews, she has shared that the song is based on her own journey from a place of despair to hope and life.
Katy has shared that she struggled with depression and suicidal thoughts for many years. However, it was her faith in Jesus that ultimately helped her to overcome her struggles. In her album “Jesus Changed My Life,” Katy shares her testimony of how Jesus helped her to find healing and hope.
Through her music, Katy aims to share her testimony with others and to encourage them to hold on to hope, even in the darkest of times. “Hold On” is a testament to the power of faith and the strength that comes from holding on to hope.
Mental Health and Healing
Mental health is an important aspect of overall well-being, and many people struggle with depression and anxiety. As a result, it is important to have messages of encouragement to help individuals overcome the demons of depression and anxiety.
Dealing with Depression and Anxiety
Depression and anxiety can be formidable foes, but there is hope. One way to combat these issues is through the power of music. Christian songs like “Hold On” can provide a sense of hope and strength during difficult times. The lyrics remind listeners that they are not alone and that there is a supernatural strength available to them.
In addition to music, it is important to seek out professional help when dealing with mental health issues. This can include therapy, medication, or a combination of both. It is important to remember that seeking help is a sign of strength, not weakness.
Messages of Encouragement
Christian music can provide messages of encouragement that can help individuals find hope and strength. Songs like “Hold On” remind listeners that there is a light at the end of the tunnel and that they are not alone in their struggles.
It is important to surround oneself with positive influences and to seek out support from friends and family during difficult times. In addition, practicing self-care can also be helpful in improving mental health. This can include exercise, meditation, and other activities that promote relaxation and well-being.
Overall, mental health is an important aspect of overall well-being, and it is important to seek out help when needed. Christian music can provide messages of hope and encouragement that can help individuals find the strength to overcome depression and anxiety.
Christian Music Industry
The Christian music industry is a subset of the broader music industry that focuses on Christian music and sub-genres such as gospel music, southern gospel, contemporary Christian music, contemporary worship music, and traditional church music. It is sometimes referred to as the gospel music industry, a narrower term that does not encompass all the musical genres included here.
Place in Christian Music
Christian music has a long history, with roots in the early Christian church and the hymns sung in congregations. In the modern era, Christian music has evolved to include a wide range of genres and styles, from traditional hymns to contemporary pop and rock. The Christian music industry has played a significant role in shaping this evolution, providing a platform for Christian artists to reach a wider audience and share their message of faith through music.
The Christian music industry has produced numerous successful singers and songwriters over the years. Some of the most notable names include Amy Grant, Michael W. Smith, Chris Tomlin, Lauren Daigle, and TobyMac, among others. Many of these artists have achieved mainstream success, with their music crossing over into the secular music market.
One of the defining characteristics of Christian music is its focus on faith and spirituality. Christian artists often use their music as a way to express their beliefs and share their message with others. Many Christian songs are written specifically for use in worship services, providing a way for Christians to connect with God and express their devotion through music.
In terms of performance, Christian music is often performed in churches, at Christian festivals and events, and on Christian radio stations. However, as mentioned earlier, many Christian artists have achieved mainstream success, performing in secular venues and reaching a wider audience.
Overall, the Christian music industry plays an important role in the broader music industry, providing a platform for Christian artists to share their message of faith and spirituality through music.
Social Media and Community
In today’s digital age, social media has become a powerful tool for connecting people and building communities. Many Christian artists and musicians have taken advantage of this platform to reach out to their fans and share their message of hope and faith. Katy Nichole, the artist behind the song “Hold On,” is no exception.
Katy Nichole has a strong presence on Instagram, where she regularly posts updates, photos, and videos for her fans. Her Instagram profile @katynicholeofficial has over 50,000 followers and is a great way for fans to stay connected with her. She often shares behind-the-scenes glimpses of her life and music career, as well as inspirational messages and Bible verses.
In addition to Instagram, Katy Nichole also has a Facebook page @katynicholemusic where she shares updates and interacts with her fans. Her Facebook page has over 10,000 likes and is a great way for fans to stay up-to-date on her latest music releases and upcoming events. She also uses Facebook to share her message of hope and faith, often posting Bible verses and inspirational quotes.
Overall, Katy Nichole’s strong social media presence and outreach efforts have helped her connect with fans and build a community of supporters who resonate with her message of hope and faith. Through her music and social media presence, she encourages others to talk, serve, and be a part of a larger community that is rooted in love and compassion.
Behind the Scenes
“Hold On” is a Christian song that was released by Katy Nichole in 2023. The song was written by Katy Nichole and David Leonard. David Leonard also produced the song. Katy Nichole recorded the song at his studio in Nashville. The song was recorded as part of her brand new album called “Jesus Changed My Life”. Katy Nichole said that the song was inspired by her own experience of being pulled out of anxiety and depression thanks to the grace of God.
Katy Nichole collaborated with David Leonard for the production of “Hold On”. The two have worked together on several other projects in the past. David Leonard is a well-known producer in the Christian music industry. He has worked with several other artists, including All Sons & Daughters and Audrey Assad. The official music video for “Hold On” was directed by a well-known Christian music video director. The video features Katy Nichole singing the song against a backdrop of beautiful scenery.
Overall, “Hold On” is a powerful Christian song that has touched the hearts of many people. The song is part of Katy Nichole’s brand new album, which features several other inspiring songs. The album has received positive reviews from critics and fans alike.
Impact on Faith and Belief
Katy Nichole’s song “Hold On” has had a profound impact on many Christians’ faith and belief. The song’s lyrics speak to the struggles that believers face in their daily lives and encourage them to hold on to their faith despite the challenges they may encounter.
The song’s main message is that suffering and pain are not the end but rather a pathway to discovering a bigger picture – the transcendent love and plan of God. The lyrics encourage listeners to stay in the fight, look to God, and hold on just a little bit longer. The song’s message is a reminder that faith is not just about feeling good, but also about persevering through difficult times.
The song’s chorus is particularly powerful, with its repeated refrain of “Hold on just a little bit longer… You’ll find purpose in the pain.” This message is a reminder that even in the darkest moments, there is hope and purpose to be found. The song’s message is one of resilience, faith, and hope.
The song’s impact on faith and belief is evident in the many testimonies of Christians who have been touched by its message. They have found comfort and strength in the song’s words, and it has helped them to hold on to their faith in times of hardship. The song has also become a popular worship song in churches, with its upbeat melody and inspiring lyrics resonating with congregations around the world.
Overall, “Hold On” is a powerful Christian song that has had a significant impact on the faith and belief of many believers. Its message of hope, resilience, and faith has inspired listeners around the world to hold on to their faith in the face of adversity.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the meaning behind Katy Nichole’s song ‘Hold On’?
Katy Nichole’s song ‘Hold On’ is a message of hope and encouragement for those who are going through difficult times. The song encourages listeners to hold on to their faith and trust that things will get better. The lyrics are a reminder that no matter what happens, God is always with us and will never leave us.
Can you share the story behind ‘Hold On to Me’?
Unfortunately, the prompt mentions ‘Hold On’ by Katy Nichole, not ‘Hold On to Me’. Therefore, there is no story to share regarding ‘Hold On to Me’.
What defines a song as Christian?
A song is considered Christian if its lyrics reflect Christian beliefs and values. Christian music typically features themes of faith, hope, love, and redemption. However, the style of music can vary widely, ranging from traditional hymns to contemporary pop and rock.
Is ‘Hold On to Me’ by Lauren Daigle categorized as a Christian song?
Yes, ‘Hold On to Me’ by Lauren Daigle is categorized as a Christian song. The song’s lyrics are centered around the theme of faith and trusting in God during difficult times.
What are some popular Christian songs from 2023?
As of December 2023, some popular Christian songs include ‘Good God Almighty’ by Crowder, ‘Help Is On The Way’ by TobyMac, ‘Battle Belongs’ by Phil Wickham, and ‘God Is Still Moving’ by Hannah Kerr.
Are there any notable female worship songs similar to ‘Hold On’?
Yes, there are many notable female worship songs that share similar themes to ‘Hold On’ by Katy Nichole. Some examples include ‘You Say’ by Lauren Daigle, ‘Still Rolling Stones’ by Lauren Daigle, and ‘Trust In You’ by Lauren Daigle. | <urn:uuid:26392e0a-aac1-47b6-8522-9c7a66d78c0c> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://thewitness.org/is-hold-on-a-christian-song/ | 2024-04-13T21:42:24Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.968993 | 4,473 | 4,721 |
Abby Whitbeck joined us on episode 019 Evidence and Action to discuss how the College Board is using data from AP programs around the world to craft policy that improves inclusion and representation in AP coursework.
Ralph: So we get to start season two by welcoming a guest. Abby Whitbeck is the executive director for the College Board AP strategy team. The College Board’s AP program stands for Advanced Placement, and it focuses on supporting teachers to deliver college level course work opportunities to high school students. College credit can be earned by taking a nationally standardized end-of-course exam that colleges can accept as equivalent to completing their on campus class. Abby’s focus is AP access and success for students, especially from the perspective of demographics, promoting best practices from successful AP programs. Welcome Abby. Why don’t you tell us a little bit more about what exactly that means.
Whitbeck: Thanks. Thanks so much for that question. We said demographics. When I think about it in particular, it is what does the program do to identify disparities in course availability, disparities in course participation, exam participation and exam success. Those disparities can be by gender. We can look at women, women in STEM courses. It can also be looking at students from under-represented backgrounds by reason ethnicity. I spend a lot of time thinking about students who have financial needs and their ability to participate and succeed in the A.P. Program. In particular, right now there’s been a strong focus in the program on what are we doing to best serve students in rural communities, and coming from rural areas. That has really expanded our lens of late as we think about rural being, I live in Brooklyn New York and there’s rural within fifty miles of where I live. I think we often forget that. That’s become a big focus recently.
Ralph: You said, “big focus recently,” and that’s the real deal. There’s been several articles that have come out, which is what Laurence and I read in preparation for this segment. There was “The Seven Things Research Reveals and Doesn’t About Advanced Placement,” and that was in The Washington Post. Then there’s the peer reviewed literature which was an article called, “Advanced Placement, The Dual Challenge of Equal Access and Effectiveness.” I was really trying to analyze, what’s the progress Advanced Placement program has made over the course of last couple decades, and what are the changes that we’re making recently to try and address some of the remaining problems that are still present? Maybe we need to start from the beginning of what has been happening over the last couple decades.
Whitbeck: I think when a lot of us when high school there is this concept of an AP student. Somebody who was part of the A.P. Group. I think over the last couple decades we’ve seen a lot of changes in how schools think about who should participate in AP. Who should get access to those classes and what practices across the school leads to a more inclusive classroom. We’ve seen schools shift from using teacher recommendations and typical prerequisite lenses on who should get access to A.P. to allow greater proliferation of what we would think of as almost an opt-out model, where it’s expected that a student would participate in A.P. unless, through a conversation with a guidance counselor and a teacher that student can withdraw from an AP course. We’ve also seen a lot of schools use more data driven models. One of the big upticks in AP participation in the last ten, fifteen, years was driven by the College Board really linking P.S.A.T. data to A.P. and using schools PSAT data to turn that back around to schools and say, “These are the students who, based on their P.S.A.T. scores,
are likely to be really successful on an AP exam in biology, in calculus, in statistics. Making that relationship between P.S.A.T data, we’re able to generate a roster, as we call it, an AP potential tool that educators have access to online. I don’t know if either of you have ever used the AP potential tool.
Ralph: We have. Olathe East did use it. I taught the AP program when I was at Olathe East. I know that was something that was available to us.
Whitbeck: Our hope is that really just expands the list beyond all those other indicators that schools use to find student for AP courses, which are great. Hopefully this can add another dimension of who else might be able to be really successful who doesn’t naturally come to the attention of people who are looking to recruit into those classes. Another really amazing program that started up in the late ninety’s that actually was eliminated with the passing of the Every Student Succeeds Act, was the federal subsidy for our low income students’ A.P. exam fees. That program really made the program much more accessible to families for whom the exam fee was a barrier. That brought the fee, after the college board subsidy and after contributions from schools, would have typically been about fifty dollars for students, down to about twelve to fifteen dollars. Since the elimination of that subsidy a lot of states have stepped up and kind of replaced it with their own funding. We’ve seen a continuation of that that does look like it might be eroding slightly. But for the most part, it looks like we’re settling into a place where students are paying about, out of pocket, about eleven dollars for students who are coming from low-income backgrounds, which is great to see.
Ralph: I was going to highlight a few of the numbers that were in that piece of literature that we reference, because they they compared a lot of changes in participation from ninety-four to twenty-thirteen, or those that I think it’s the twenty-twelve test taking numbers. Participation in A.P. jumped from less than fifteen percent all the way to thirty nine percent globally. Some of that included some considerable improvement in some of the under-represented groups who are participating. Latino, in particular, I was really heartened, we’re up to thirty six percent in twenty-twelve, but that still is lower than than our typical white students who are at forty one percent. I think a question that we discussed on the show in the past is, the goal is not to put every single student in AP. I think, we don’t want every single person to be because not every single student wants to be in an A.P. course. The question is getting every student who intends to to become an A.P. student, how do we get them access into the A.P. courses? I know the thing that I got excited about when we were talking this summer was some of the new initiatives they’re trying to prepare those students, so the students who want to be participating in AP can participate in AP. What kinds of things can you tell us about there.
Whitbeck: The way I think about that continuum you’re talking about, to get to that thirty nine percent, thirty nine percent of students who graduate from high school in this country right now, will have taken at least one A.P. exam by the time they graduate. We think about that, taking an exam and there’s a chain of events that have to happen for students to hit that kind of benchmark. They have to have access to a course, and there has to be enough seats in that course in their school that they can get one of those states. Then somebody has to really drive them and motivate them not just to participate in a course but in the exam. Those are all independent decisions. For so many of our students, that’s all taken as one decision. There is a course. There’s a seat for them. Taking the exam is an expectation. For so many others of our students it’s about closing gaps across each of those events in their experience. To your question, what we’re talking about this summer which might be one of the biggest changes in the A.P. program coming ahead is that the AP program right now is investing significantly in developing a whole new suite of resources and supports for AP teachers to really help teachers track student progress throughout the year, and really gauge how they’re performing on the content and the skills that A.P. students need to be successful in order to be successful on the end-of-year exam. You do that in granular ways throughout the year and with more dis-aggregated data, so they can really see, “What are my students successful at?” and “Where do they need more practice and more opportunities to learn ?” The other thing that we talked about which will get to that sort of continuum we talked about, is that the AP program, in parallel, with releasing all those resources in the twenty-nineteen, twenty-twenty school year, a year from now, exams, we’ll call it fall registration and fall ordering, students will order and their AP exams in the fall across the country, beginning in twenty-nineteen. Whereas, I think you both know, right now, AP exam order deadlines are in April. That’s a pretty big shift when you think about it on paper like that. Also, more than half of our schools right now already ask their students to effectively make their decision about taking their exam in the fall as it is. It’s really a big shift for about half of our schools, or a little bit less.
Ralph: Making the decision earlier, does that matter? So they commit earlier, so what?
Whitbeck: I am pretty excited about this. I think this is probably one of the most scrutinized decisions the program has made in the last several years. It really goes back to the whole purpose stated at the beginning of our team, which is to really think about what are the practices that certain schools have implemented that have really led to game changing narrowing of gaps in AP participation and access. We’ve learned through data that students who are in schools where they’re expected to make decisions early in the year are more likely to not only take the exam, which I think is probably intuitive to most people, but are more likely to be successful on the exam. We can talk about numbers. It would be interesting to hear your reflections on, “Does that jibe with the classrooms that you’ve led?” but to see students as a group make decisions earlier in the year, the anecdotal evidence which seems to be rolling up to the data is that you create a culture that needs students to be more able to stay motivated, to stay committed, and to respond to feedback, respond to criticism, and respond to setbacks, in ways that are productive, and help them ultimately be more successful.
Ralph: That is. That’s consistent with what will be the next segment here in this in this month’s show, just talking about some of those institutional constraints that are greater barriers to some students than others. That was a really important part of my AP classroom, was that every single student takes the exam. That was just the way it was. There was no rule that let me enforce that in any meaningful way other than I was calling home every night, I was sending notes, it was in the syllabus, we talked about it regularly. I was pretty successful. There was only about one or two students in my entire career who didn’t take that A.P. exam. I know that I was kind of atypical in that approach. For a lot of teachers there’s kind of this pressure. If I’m evaluated by the mean of my AP scores, then I need to be selecting for students who I think are going to succeed. The students I’m likely to succeed has some inherent biases to it. Some of those decisions lead to being barriers for other students participate in those A.P. exams. I got really excited hearing about this policy of having students decide earlier because it’s my hope that it will remove some of those implicit biases throughout the year and the barrier that it presents to some students more than others in opting out of participating in this is AP exam when they have declared, “I want to be and AP student,” then I want every student to feel that investment, that equity in, “I’m going to be an AP student. I’m on the team. I’m participating let’s all do this together.
Whitbeck: I think that’s right. Our hope is that these new resources that AP is developing will really focus on getting students to take that first, maybe those students who don’t yet even see themselves as belonging in that classroom feel more confident because, over time, hopefully, their teachers will feel more confident, and they can give them the right feedback that they need to be successful. This new policy is really about the students who took that risk that you’re talking about, where they showed up for the class, and then if you can think of any population of students who are just more likely to be less confident over time, and all the various ways that we implicitly signal to students, you know maybe this isn’t right for you, maybe you’re not going to be as successful at this, and when I say we, students absorb these signals from all different sources. It can be from just not seeing students like themselves being successful in years prior. This policy is hopefully meant to replicate what you were doing in your classroom in kind of one of the more anonymous ways the AP program can drive change is to say if Michael in Kansas is able to create that culture, is there anything we can do by moving our deadline up to help other teachers who maybe don’t have the same support from their administrator, or whatever just their own personal drive, can say, “I’m going to at least be able to advocate that my students take as examined and help them make that just an early on.” Once I’ve got that looming exam at the end of the year that we’re moving towards, I can use that as hey we’re all going to be taking this so let’s really prepare and work backwards from that. That’s our hope, but we also have tested this. That’s a big big thing. Imagine. One thing we were just very apprehensive about is there are ways where you could imagine that you’re going to fail out students who aren’t ready to say yes at the beginning of the year who would say no. Maybe you’d actually prevent students who might gain confidence from getting access to exams. Before we made this the official policy we collaborated over the past year with fourteen districts representing one hundred schools from very diverse contexts. Only in four states, but very diverse context in terms of school demographics, urbanicity, pass rates historically in their AP programs, like the run, and had those schools order on an early model, this past year. What we’ve saw really replicated and actually and perhaps even more exemplary than what we’ve seen in the schools that are ready to do this, we saw significant increases in the growth of students who participate in A.P. especially from under-represented backgrounds. Not just in exam participation, but we also saw significant increases in the percent of students who earned scores of three or higher.
Woodruff: Good. So I’m sort of the the skeptic in the room. Gonna be honest. It seems that if AP programs are going to be indicators of collegiate success, the students have to pass. They have to get a three or higher on that test. Being in the class and not taking the test, or being in the class and taking the test and getting a two or one, sounds like it’s wasted time. I was waiting for that statement. I was waiting for you to say the early commitment does not just get more people to participate, not just you know the hurdle of getting people in the class, and getting people to take the test. It’s not just the jump from step two to step three, or step one to step two. It also contributes to greater success. That needed to be true for me to be impressed. Thank you. Well done. Congratulations.
Whitbeck: We share that internal skepticism. It’s hard to say from where I sit, but it would not have satisfied us just to see a lot more students taking exams, and then ones and twos. I mean they’re perfectly mission driven reasons we don’t want that. There are strategic reasons that you don’t want to so those rates of ones and twos go up. Nobody wanted that. In particular it seeing that growth in threes and fours and fives, it’s not surprising, right? I mean, you’re going to see students who are opting out of the exam. When they opt out of the exam, they’re opting out of working hard. Then later on it’s a forgone conclusion that they can’t be successful on the exam. It doesn’t have to be. When people think about the students who don’t end up taking the exam, you don’t immediately think of a student who would have done really well, right? You don’t think, “Oh, If only I’d gotten them to take it they would have done well. By the time you get to April right now, it’s kind of like the ones who aren’t taking it are probably,for the most part, not taking it because they probably won’t be successful. That didn’t have to be the way it was. We just weren’t sure that it would actually play out this way. Availability of the added resources for teachers will only strengthen the increase in successful scores.
Ralph: I want to expound a little bit on a comment you made in the middle there. Not every student who want to be taking the exam is somebody who would say, “Oh man, I wish if they’d only taken it they totally would have earned a four.” Following that narrative backwards a little bit, I guess that is part of this conversation. I think is part of what’s in the literature that we read also, is there are some students who if they opted in at the beginning of the school year can be successful. You’ve got the data to show that that’s on the tape already, but also greater participation is paired, if I read this correctly, with some lower scores which suggests that there are some students taking the exam and doing not as well as they want to be doing. We are or increasing the participation of some students who are not getting everything out of their experience we want them to be getting. It suggests that there’s more to be done in just increased participation in A.P. coursework. More is needed to be done especially further up in the pipeline. I think there’s, actually, you all have some answers to that. There’s a news story we’re going to put in the show notes about some of the Pre-AP programs. I know I am involved in some of that work also. Can you tell us a little bit more about what your are doing to strengthen the pipeline that might lead to AP work as well?
Whitbeck: Absolutely. So pre-AP is, I think probably, can turn out to be on the best ideas the College Board has really invested in because it’s so much about what you’re saying. By the time we’re focusing on this little moment of students who already got to a place that had A.P. courses and at least where somebody thought that, “You could be in this course,” we’ve already lost so many students behind. so pre-AP is really about, right now where we’re working in the ninth grade. I’m not sure, Michael, if you are in a pilot school, but the pre-AP program right now is piloting, it is september now, so in a hundred schools around the country there are batches of ninth graders. It’s meant to be all inclusive, that any student in the ninth grade should be enrolled in the program if it’s available. It’s not meant to already identify one set of students who are A.P. and segregate them, it’s meant to ensure that every ninth grader, at least has a moment in time where he or she self-identifies as an AP student. I’m proud, I’m preparing to be an AP student, that is what my course is about. It’s taking the skills, especially the skills that are so powerful and so important to be successful in A.P. classes, and getting students early practice with those skills. At the right level, for what they’d be doing in ninth grade. so if it’s a world history course, they are going to be practicing historical thinking skills that will make them successful whether it’s in AP world history, whether AP European history, AP US history, It’s really about,I think, the hundred schools that are in the pilot in the year ahead, all had to, in their applications to be a pilot school, really talk about what they would do to make sure the program was inclusive, and that it really promoted inclusion, not just in the pre-AP program but in the AP program as well. Hopefully that will be a strong response. It’s much like this other initiative that I’ve talked about. It’s a reflection of the many, very strong pre-AP programs that already exist. There are so many schools that already have something thats identified as pre-AP, and that schools have really innovated as a way to get more students to feel confident taking A.P. courses. That’s the start of our trying to make that more available to schools across the country. There’s a pilot this year and I’ll just plug that the application deadline for next year’s cohort of schools is coming up very soon. I think it’s October first. Schools that are interested in being pre-AP in the twenty-ninteen, twenty-twenty school year should go to the website for that.
Ralph: What we will talk about later in this episode is acknowledging whatever drawbacks or whatever cost there might be for interventions, so maybe that’s the direction to take this, is the same way that I think you may have listened to a while back, student’s who don’t self identify as being college bound, or they don’t intend to go to university, they may not have the same interests in college credits, and so there’s who says I want just regular biology I don’t really care about the AP credit, and I don’t want to be honors, I want to learn to weld, and I want to go work for this construction company. That is what I want to do. That is paired with this general conversation, it is actually one of the other segments we’ve already taped for this coming month, is about acknowledging downsides of interventions. There is no panacea. There’s no perfect medicine. One of the things we need to be aware of, is maybe the costs of a new initiative.
Whitbeck: A student who wants to…, “I’m a career track student. College is not for me.” We too quickly get to a place where instead talking that through with the student, and trying to understand what police they have about who college is for and who it’s not for, and why it’s not for them, we too quickly want to meet them there. There is an easy way to say, “Sure. We’ll get you on an ag-science cluster and you can pursue that two year degree while you’re in high school.” Or there’s the teacher who can connect the students’ interests to AP-environmental science, and then push that student to really think about that state university system at Cornell has a really amazing Ag science program here, and can push that student to take those incremental steps towards a four year degree. I worry that sometimes we get a little bit too quick to just serve to a student a program that meets exactly what they say they want right now. This afternoon I was with some high schoolers and they were telling me they all know what their major is, and they’re all fifteen. I just want them to maintain openness to the idea that might not be their major and probably the best thing they can do in highschool is build as many skills as they can. They might be more successful at building those skills in AP courses.
Ralph: That’s a big part of… I so I work with the Center for STEM learning. I have those statistics. I’m going to put in the show notes also. We just put together a graphic that shows some of the results. We say, “Well if we want to help them see their options with this four year degree, but they are ending up in basically the same jobs, so what good does that do them?” We have the numbers of their increase only potential if they have that higher level of education. There’s an actual dollar value amount that act gets added to their experience if they find that, “Yeah. As I understand more about this particular degree field, I can find something that maybe is a higher level expertise. I can exercise all of the same skills and have the same satisfying experience but with a higher earning potential.” I think that’s something. We have the numbers for that. That’s what I do.
Woodruff: So when we cast a wider net to include more people in the AP experience, one of the critiques that have been written is that in some circumstances, A.P. is not necessarily always sold with a consistent goal. What is the goal of A.P? Is it to prepare students to be successful in college or is it for those that are already college ready as high school students?
Whitbeck: A.P. is not meant to exclusively serve students who are already identified as advanced. It is meant to prepare students to be as successful as possible in college, and increasingly in college and career. For some students, that looks like giving them a chance to take courses while in highschool that are going to be the most demanding of them, and that they might not have otherwise had access to. I those are one side of your equation, which is, the students who are already accelerated. Is this about helping them continue to take their next opportunity in their lane, and so absolutely about serving that, but for other students, what that looks like is when we say to get access to coursework that will make them as successful as possible in college, it may be that being in an A.P. course, is going to give them a different type of classroom environment that’s going to be more similar to what they’re going to see in college, and experience the expectation that all the college professors will have of them, the roles that they’ll need to play in team assignments, and I don’t think that students can’t get that in non-AP courses. I think there are amazing non-AP teachers and a lot of amazing AP teachers teach non-AP courses. There is nothing exclusive about AP’s ability to do that, but I just think, in many schools A.P. tends to be the best preparation when it comes to what a student needs to be as successful as she or he possibly can. We spend a lot of time with faculty talking about, “Can you tell the AP students from the non-AP students in the classroom?” and a lot of it is people point to ways that AP students are exhibiting leadership qualities when it comes to helping advance the dialogue in the classroom. They’ll talk about AP students as the ones who are really helping their peers understand the topic, because they’ve at least been exposed to it before. I think it’s not just that group of students that have already been traditionally identified as accelerated, but it’s getting a student maybe who hasn’t been identified as an accelerated, his or her first chance or only chance, to work alongside of the peers who have been traditionally accelerated in some cases, and to do it through content that particularly interest him or her. So you’ll see students who maybe never identify as an A.P. student in the sort of more core quote unquote academic disciplines but to really get psychology, let’s say, and they can be in there in that classroom holding their own, contributing, and really developing as a scholar alongside students who are just typically accelerated, and kind of inhabit the A.P. classrooms throughout their high school career.
Ralph: As kind of a sign off, we really appreciate you coming on with us. If there are teachers who want to get more involved, or want to help promote some of these opportunities for their students, do you have somewhere that you’d like to direct them so they could learn more about the Pre-AP program or the redesign and find the data, or just where could teachers who are interested to learn more or maybe get involved.
Whitbeck: There are two sites. One is what we’re calling the AP twenty-ninteen. That’s where teachers, school leaders, district leaders can learn more about the new resources and the new processes that I mentioned that are launching in twenty-ninteen. Specifically, what are all the tools that students and teachers will have access to, and what are the contours of fall registration and ordering, and how might that change buildings policies and practices around A.P. The other one of course is the AP website which also includes a way register for the AP. I’d definitely direct you to both of those. | <urn:uuid:a21ac07c-5600-4f5f-aa87-246751dc214e> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://twopintplc.com/2019/11/13/broadening-participation-and-persistence-in-advanced-placement/ | 2024-04-13T21:38:57Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.980073 | 6,377 | 6,483 |
Introduction: Panadol – An Over-the-Counter Pain Reliever
Panadol is a widely recognized and popular over-the-counter pain reliever that is commonly used to alleviate mild to moderate pain and reduce fever. This medication contains the active ingredient paracetamol, which has been proven effective in offering relief from various types of discomfort.
Availability of Panadol in Different Countries
Panadol is easily accessible in numerous countries, including the United Kingdom (UK), Canada, and Kenya. Its wide availability ensures that individuals in these regions can conveniently obtain this pain relief medication without the need for a prescription.
Panadol in the UK
In the UK, Panadol is available in various forms, such as tablets, capsules, and soluble powders. It can be purchased at most pharmacies, supermarkets, and retail outlets. This widespread availability makes it a convenient option for individuals seeking immediate pain relief.
Panadol in Canada
Similar to the UK, Panadol is easily obtained in Canada. It can be found in various formats, including tablets and liquid formulations. Canadian residents can purchase Panadol at pharmacies, grocery stores, and online platforms. This accessibility ensures that individuals can obtain quick relief from pain and fever.
Panadol in Kenya
In Kenya, Panadol is widely accessible and available in various strengths and dosage forms. It can be purchased at pharmacies, supermarkets, and other retail outlets. This ensures that individuals in Kenya can easily obtain Panadol for pain relief and fever reduction.
Affordability and Accessibility for Low-Wage Americans without Insurance
In the United States, where access to affordable healthcare can be challenging for many, Panadol serves as an affordable option for pain relief. With low-wage Americans often struggling to afford prescription medications and lacking insurance coverage, Panadol offers an accessible alternative to alleviate their discomfort.
Despite the popularity of other pain relievers in the American market, Panadol is competitively priced and can be purchased without a prescription. This affordability and accessibility make Panadol a viable choice for individuals with limited financial resources and no health insurance.
For more information on Panadol’s availability in different countries, you can visit the official Panadol website.
Explore the Main Categories of Pain Relief Drugs
Pain relief drugs can be classified into different categories based on their primary mechanisms of action and therapeutic properties. Understanding these categories can help individuals make informed decisions about which pain relief drug to use for their specific needs. Below, we discuss the main categories of pain relief drugs and how Panadol fits into the analgesics category.
Analgesics are a broad category of pain relief drugs that are primarily used to alleviate pain without causing loss of consciousness or impairing mental function. Panadol falls under the category of analgesics, specifically as a non-opioid analgesic.
Benefits of Analgesics:
- Effective in relieving mild to moderate pain
- Do not produce a high risk of addiction or dependence
- Generally safe for most individuals to use
Limitations of Analgesics:
- May not provide sufficient pain relief for severe or chronic pain
- May have a ceiling effect, where increasing the dose does not yield additional pain relief
- Some individuals may experience side effects such as gastrointestinal upset
Anti-inflammatory drugs, also known as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), are a category of pain relief drugs that not only relieve pain but also reduce inflammation. Unlike analgesics, which primarily target pain pathways, anti-inflammatory drugs target the inflammatory process itself. Examples of commonly used NSAIDs include ibuprofen and naproxen.
Benefits of Anti-inflammatories:
- Effective in relieving pain, particularly pain associated with inflammation such as arthritis
- Help reduce swelling, redness, and stiffness
- Can be used as short-term or long-term pain relief
Limitations of Anti-inflammatories:
- May increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and ulcers
- Not suitable for individuals with certain medical conditions, such as kidney disease or stomach ulcers
- Long-term use may be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events
Opioids, also known as narcotics, are a class of pain relief drugs that act on the opioid receptors in the central nervous system to alleviate pain. They are used for moderate to severe pain that does not respond to other pain relief drugs. Examples of opioids include morphine, oxycodone, and codeine.
Benefits of Opioids:
- Extremely effective in relieving severe pain
- Can be used for acute pain, such as post-surgical pain, or chronic pain
- May improve quality of life for individuals with severe pain
Limitations of Opioids:
- Have a high risk of addiction and dependence
- Can cause respiratory depression and sedation
- Long-term use may lead to tolerance and the need for higher doses
“Individuals should carefully consider the benefits and limitations of each category of pain relief drugs before choosing the most suitable option. Panadol, as an analgesic, is a popular choice for its effectiveness in relieving mild to moderate pain without the risk of addiction. However, for individuals with severe or chronic pain that is not adequately controlled with analgesics, other categories of pain relief drugs such as anti-inflammatories or opioids may be more appropriate. It is essential to consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice and guidance.”
Specific Genetic Factors and Biomarkers Affecting Panadol’s Efficacy and Side Effects
When it comes to the effectiveness and safety of pain relief medications like Panadol, individual genetic factors and biomarkers play a crucial role. These factors can significantly influence how an individual responds to Panadol, both in terms of its efficacy and potential side effects.
1. Glucuronidation Pathway Genes
One important genetic factor to consider is the variation in genes involved in the glucuronidation pathway, such as UGT1A1, UGT1A6, and UGT1A9. These genes encode enzymes that are responsible for the metabolism of paracetamol into its inactive form, which eventually gets eliminated from the body.
Some individuals may have specific genetic variants in these genes that affect the activity of these enzymes. For example, variations in the UGT1A1 gene can lead to reduced enzyme activity, resulting in slower metabolism of paracetamol. This may lead to higher concentrations of the active form in the body, potentially increasing the risk of side effects.
On the other hand, individuals with certain genetic variants in UGT1A6 and UGT1A9 may have increased enzyme activity, leading to faster paracetamol metabolism. This can result in lower concentrations of the active form, potentially reducing the efficacy of Panadol in these individuals.
2. CYP2E1 Enzyme Activity
Another genetic factor influencing Panadol’s efficacy and side effect profile is the activity of the CYP2E1 enzyme. This enzyme is involved in the metabolism of paracetamol, particularly in the production of a toxic metabolite called NAPQI. The body’s ability to detoxify NAPQI is crucial for the safe use of Panadol.
Individuals with increased activity of the CYP2E1 enzyme may produce higher levels of NAPQI, which can overwhelm the body’s natural detoxification pathways and lead to liver damage. Therefore, individuals with genetically higher CYP2E1 activity may be more susceptible to liver toxicity from Panadol.
3. Genetic Variations in Pain Perception Pathways
Genetic variations in pain perception pathways can also affect an individual’s response to Panadol. For example, certain variations in genes encoding opioid receptors, such as OPRM1, can influence an individual’s sensitivity to pain and their response to opioid-based pain relievers.
While Panadol is not an opioid, understanding an individual’s genetic variations in pain perception pathways may help healthcare professionals determine the most suitable pain relief options, including the potential use of Panadol in combination with other medications.
Importance of Individual Genetic Variations
Considering individual genetic variations when using pain relief medications, including Panadol, is crucial for maximizing efficacy and minimizing potential side effects. An individual’s unique genetic makeup can significantly impact how they respond to specific medications, making personalized treatment plans essential.
By understanding an individual’s genetic factors and biomarkers, healthcare professionals can tailor the dosage, frequency, and duration of Panadol use to ensure safe and effective pain relief. Additionally, genetic testing and counseling can provide valuable insights and guidance when choosing the most suitable pain relief options for each individual.
In conclusion, the efficacy and safety of Panadol, like any pain relief medication, are influenced by specific genetic factors and biomarkers. Understanding and considering these individual variations can help healthcare professionals make informed decisions and provide personalized recommendations, ensuring the best possible pain relief outcomes for each patient.
Examine how Panadol influences the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives or hormone replacement therapies
When considering the use of Panadol alongside hormonal contraceptives or hormone replacement therapies, it is important to understand any potential interactions or effects that may occur. While Panadol is generally safe and well-tolerated, it is necessary to take precautions and consult with a healthcare professional before combining these medications.
Studies have shown that Panadol, which contains the active ingredient paracetamol, has no significant interactions with hormonal contraceptives or hormone replacement therapies. Therefore, it is generally safe to take Panadol while using these treatments without compromising their efficacy. However, it is always advisable to consult with a healthcare professional for individualized advice.
While Panadol is generally considered safe, it is important to follow recommended dosages and guidelines. Exceeding the recommended dose of Panadol can lead to liver damage, especially when combined with other medications that also contain paracetamol. Individuals taking hormonal contraceptives or hormone replacement therapies should be cautious not to exceed the maximum daily dose of Panadol (typically around 4,000 mg) to ensure their safety.
Furthermore, it is essential to be mindful of any pre-existing medical conditions or other medications being taken that may interact with Panadol or the hormonal treatments. For example, individuals with liver disease or a history of liver damage should consult with their healthcare provider before taking Panadol. It is also important to disclose all medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, to the healthcare provider to assess potential interactions.
For personalized advice and information specific to your individual situation, it is recommended to consult a healthcare professional. They can provide guidance on the safe and effective use of Panadol alongside hormonal contraceptives or hormone replacement therapies based on your medical history and current medication regimen.
“When considering the use of Panadol alongside hormonal contraceptives or hormone replacement therapies, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional for individualized advice and precautions.”
Medications Used for Chronic Pain Management
Chronic pain can significantly impact an individual’s quality of life, making daily activities challenging and reducing overall well-being. Fortunately, there are various medications available for managing chronic pain, which can provide relief and improve functionality. Alongside Panadol, these medications can play a crucial role in helping individuals regain control over their lives.
Antidepressants are a class of medications primarily used to treat depression, but certain types of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), have been found to be effective in managing chronic pain. These medications work by altering brain chemicals and neurotransmitters involved in pain perception.
- Reducing pain intensity
- Improving sleep
- Easing symptoms of comorbid depression or anxiety
- Possible side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth, and constipation.
- They may take several weeks to start showing noticeable effects.
- Individual response to antidepressants can vary, so finding the right medication and dosage often requires trial and error.
Quotes and more information on using antidepressants for chronic pain can be found here at Mayo Clinic.
Anticonvulsant medications, which are primarily used to treat epilepsy, have also been found to be effective in managing certain types of chronic pain. These medications work by stabilizing overactive nerve cells and altering pain signals in the brain.
- Reducing neuropathic pain (nerve-related pain)
- Alleviating symptoms of fibromyalgia
- Easing chronic pain caused by nerve damage
- Possible side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, and coordination problems.
- Individual response to anticonvulsants can vary, and finding the right medication and dosage may require adjustment over time.
- Periodic blood tests may be necessary to monitor liver function.
For more information on using anticonvulsants for chronic pain, you can visit the Arthritis Foundation website.
By combining Panadol with these medications, individuals experiencing chronic pain may potentially experience enhanced pain relief. However, it is important to note that these medications should only be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional, who can assess individual needs and determine the most suitable treatment plan.
Precautions and Safety Measures when using Panadol
1. Recommended Dosages
It is important to follow the recommended dosages when using Panadol to ensure safety and effectiveness. The appropriate dosage may vary depending on factors such as age, weight, and the severity of pain or fever. Refer to the packaging or consult a healthcare professional for specific dosing instructions.
2. Potential Side Effects
While Panadol is generally well-tolerated when used as directed, there are potential side effects that individuals should be aware of. Common side effects may include nausea, stomach pain, or allergic reactions like rash or itching. If you experience severe or persistent side effects, it is important to seek medical attention.
3. Specific Precautions
Although Panadol is considered safe for most individuals, certain precautions should be taken to ensure its proper use, especially for individuals with specific medical conditions or who are taking other medications. Consult a healthcare professional if:
- You have liver or kidney disease
- You have a history of alcohol abuse
- You have a bleeding disorder or are taking blood-thinning medications
- You are pregnant or breastfeeding
- You are taking other medications, including herbal or dietary supplements
4. Consultation with Healthcare Professional
Prior to starting any new medication, including Panadol, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional. They can provide personalized advice based on your specific medical history, conditions, and current medications. This ensures the safe and effective use of Panadol, minimizing the risk of potential interactions or adverse effects.
For more detailed information on the precautions and contraindications associated with Panadol, refer to trustworthy sources such as the official website of Panadol or consult healthcare professionals who are knowledgeable in pain relief medications.
Conclusion and Final Thoughts on Panadol as an Affordable Pain Relief Option
After exploring the various aspects of Panadol, it is clear that this over-the-counter pain reliever is not only effective but also highly accessible and affordable for individuals with low wages and no insurance, particularly in the United States.
Throughout this article, we have discussed the availability of Panadol in different countries, including the UK, Canada, and Kenya. It is noteworthy that Panadol is widely accessible in these countries, making it a convenient choice for individuals seeking relief from mild to moderate pain and fever.
Moreover, Panadol’s affordability is a significant advantage, especially for Americans who may struggle with limited financial means and lack of insurance coverage. This makes Panadol a viable option for those who cannot afford pricier prescription medications.
It is essential to understand that different categories of pain relief medications exist, each with its own benefits and limitations. Panadol falls under the category of analgesics, which are commonly used for pain relief and fever reduction. These medications are known for their effectiveness and safety profile, making Panadol a trusted choice among individuals seeking relief.
Individual genetic factors and biomarkers can also influence how Panadol affects an individual’s body. Emerging research suggests that specific genetic variations may impact an individual’s response to Panadol. Therefore, it is crucial for healthcare professionals to consider individual genetic variations when prescribing pain relief medications, including Panadol, to ensure maximum effectiveness and minimize potential side effects.
Additionally, when it comes to patients using hormonal contraceptives or hormone replacement therapies, it is important to be aware of any potential interactions with Panadol. Consulting a healthcare professional will provide the necessary information on whether Panadol affects the efficacy of these treatments or if any precautions need to be taken.
While Panadol is an effective pain relief option, it is worth exploring other medications commonly used for chronic pain management. Antidepressants and anticonvulsants, for example, have proven beneficial in managing chronic pain in specific scenarios. These medications can be used in conjunction with Panadol to provide comprehensive pain relief for individuals experiencing chronic pain.
However, it is crucial to observe precautions and safety measures when using Panadol or any other medication. This includes adhering to recommended dosages, understanding potential side effects, and considering any specific precautions. It is highly recommended to consult a healthcare professional before starting any new medication, including Panadol, especially for individuals with certain medical conditions or who are taking other medications.
In conclusion, Panadol emerges as an affordable and accessible pain relief option, particularly for individuals in the United States with low wages and no insurance. Understanding the different categories of pain relief drugs and considering individual factors is vital in selecting the most suitable option. Consulting a healthcare professional ensures personalized advice and the safe and effective use of Panadol.
For more information on Panadol’s efficacy, safety, and potential interactions, please visit reputable sources such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the World Health Organization (WHO). | <urn:uuid:b197a654-e532-48ed-ad61-59119f3207bc> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://wildlifedepartmentexpo.com/explore-the-affordable-pain-relief-option-panadol-and-its-availability-for-americans-with-low-wages-and-no-insurance.html | 2024-04-13T21:24:01Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.898942 | 3,799 | 4,468 |
by Mike Strobach of the National Conscience
Born in Würzburg in 1883, Gottfried Feder was a leading German provider of ideas, “the refractive Interest Enslavement” by the world finance capital. Feder was known far beyond the borders of Germany and his ideas and work continues today. As an engineer and economist Feder was first among economic policymakers in the DAP (precursor of the nsDAP) and was a short time later commissioned by Adolf Hitler to design the nsDAP party program (the 25 points of National Socialism)
In the nsDAP party program, Feder’s ideas from his “manifest refraction of interest servitude of money,” were reflected. This “program” is from 1919 (the year of the Versailles diktat and the adoption of the Weimar Constitution) at the focal point of contemporary history. Feder’s approach against the existing financial system and interest arose in its first edition in response to the runaway national debt and the resulting inflation in defeated Germany after the First World War.
With the end of the war in 1918, the Reichsmark had already officially lost more than half of its purchasing power in internal and external relations, which was much higher on the black market inflation index. The end of 1923 then broke the entire German economy and combined with the Weimar Hyperinflation produced by the victors and henchman: Hunger, poverty and a crying misery were the consequences. The Germans were akin to a “dying” people.
To enforce its policy objectives Feder founded in 1919 one of the many battle confederations, this time the (German League of Struggle for the breaking of interest servitude). However contents of his claims were not, as is often assumed, a complete ban on interest, but numerous changes in government economic and financial policy. A major criticism of Feder was the inclusion of high-yield loans by the state while simultaneously dispensing with the state sovereignty of the money making and money distribution.
In another pamphlet Feder in 1919 saw the way the bankruptcy was almost upon Germany. Only ten years after Feder’s first publication of his manifest refraction ideology, in 1929, it came to the complete breakdown of international exchanges. Suddenly the collapse of all currencies of stability and value worldwide occurred. In Germany they gave out in the early 1920s, emergency money. In wake of the global economic crisis, entire industries were transferred into foreign hands. So, for example, the German Opel plants fell to American hands, to name just one example.
In 1923 Feder took part in the Hitler Putsch (March on the Feldherrenhalle in Munich). Nevertheless, he remained a leading figure not only in the nsDAP, but also in the thinking financial circles in Germany. In 1924 he was elected to the National Socialist Freedom Party in the Reichstag; he remained a member until 1936. From 1933 Feder is engaged in freezing the interest rates (in fact it was the abolition of the compounding system). His concept of “the breaking of interest servitude” came under Adolf Hitler as Chancellor to develop, Germany awoke to new life and flourished again.
When Adolf Hitler was appointed on 30 January 1933 by President Paul von Hindenburg with the task of leading the nsDAP government and sworn in as Chancellor, the new Chancellor was clear that the powerful militarily enemies waiting around an encircled Germany for an opportunity with a new war to crush any attempt at liberation of the German people. This has been reflected by the fact that just a day after the Democratic confirmation of Adolf Hitler in the Reichstag, world jewry on March 24, 1933 declared war on Germany.
The winner required by the tribute of Versailles and the privatization of the Reichsbank (paraphrased “independent”) with your(world jews yes you) man in Germany for this project was the Masonic Hjalmar Schacht, the remaining gold reserves of the Reichsbank, were removed “to be stored” by the private jewish Federal Reserve of the USA (FED).
In 1953 Hjalmar Schacht admitted in his autobiography, that he visited the FED in 1927 to inspect the German gold, he casually describes as follows: “A different experience resulted from the fact that the Reichsbank maintained a not inconsiderable gold deposit at the Federal Reserve Bank in New York. Strong was very proud to show us the safes in the deep basement of the building, and mentioned here: ‘Dr. Schacht, now you will also see where the gold of the Reichsbank is preserved ‘. We walked through the vaults, while the officers searched the storage space of the Reichsbank gold. We waited many minutes until finally came the information: ‘Mr. Strong, we can not find the gold from the Reichsbank ‘. Strong was very upset, but I comforted him: ‘Let’s be good, I believe you, that the gold is there. Even if it should not be there, you are good to me for the replacement. ‘”
It is hardly surprising that it was completely indifferent to Schacht, whether the German gold was gone, as Benjamin Strong, former president of the Private jewish Federal Reserve, was his personal friend and lodge brother. And the gold, of course never, appeared. Just as today, when the FRG-Gold has also disappeared at the Fed in New York.
It was the same Horace Greeley Hjalmar Schacht, who, in 1914 in the Journal of the lodge “To friendship of the Grand Lodge of Prussia” in the first week of the war published an essay in which he emphasized that “the German Freemasonry have never given room to exaggerated nationalist sentiments”.
Schacht, who contributed significantly to the Reichsbank Act (RBG) in 1924, making sure the so-called Reichsbank Autonomy Law was further replaced on 26 May 1922 in the direction of Rothschild control. The creation of a “by the imperial government independent Reichsbank” was guaranteed by Paragraph 1 of the new RBG. Under the Reichsbank Law Germany had already dictated the Dawes Plan as a contract item. The Reparations Commission decided on 30 November 1923 namely the convening of an expert committee under the chairmanship of financial experts appointed by the FED Charles Gates Dawes, who should decide how one could demand from Germany reparations forever. The Reichsbank was now driven by a 14-member General Council (seven of them foreigners) under the leadership of the United States. The gold standard was monitored by a foreign Commissioner and was in accordance with paragraph 28 of the RBG 40 percent, which is why the German gold had to be deposited “as security” at the FED.
The German henchmen for the financial world, who had to lead the privatization of the German Reichsbank, was, as already mentioned, Hjalmar Schacht, the personal friend of Lord Montague Norman. Lord Norman was the governor of the then Bank of England, who received his instructions directly from the House of Rothschild. “The activities of the British oligarchy were whipped by a cabal of central bankers, led by Lord Montague Norman together with Benjamin Strong of the New York Fed and Hjalmar Schacht of the German Reichsbank.”
Schacht belonged to the then world-elite of the global financial crime. “Benjamin Strong, the first president of the FED, Hjalmar Schacht, President of the Reichsbank, Montague Norman, Governor of the Bank of England and Émile Moreau, governor of the Bank of France, were the most powerful and influential bankers of their time.”
When Hjalmar Schacht was officially designated as one of the four most powerful central bankers of the world, although he represented the “national” bank of a totally robbed, bankrupt, occupied and completely defenseless state, then one can conclude only that the ascribed power within the jewish lodges was exercised against Germany.
The defeated Germany was bled by the Rothschilds winner policy after 1918, in the truest sense of the word. 45 percent of the reparations had in kind (industrial goods, goods, etc.) are provided, 55 percent in foreign currencies, including also – had to be exchanged property. The German people had thus no productive support for an acceptable livelihood anymore. Just for interest and principal, the German Reich had to raise 16 billion gold marks, with which the industry was burdened and overwhelmed. To secure these tribute payments, Reichsbank and German Reichsbahn were transformed into joint stock companies (privatization), and were under the control of FED and City… New York
As at the end of the 1920s, the National Socialist Freedom Movement becoming stronger and a shift of power towards Adolf Hitler was likely to occur, suddenly Free Mason and friend of the exploiters, Hjalmar Schacht, begins to flirt with the Nationalists. “When he shows up with his wife Louise at a dinner party in 1930, she is wearing, studded with rubies and diamonds, on a chain, a Hakenkreuz. ‘Why not give the Nationalists a chance? You seem pretty sharp to me, ‘ said Schacht to a stunned reporter “. In October 1931 Schacht was making a sensational speech at the meeting of the nsDAP, The DNVP and the Stahlhelm in Bad Harzburg before the “Harzburg Front” In which he launched a polemical attack of his own, and enforced on behalf of Benjamin Strong and Sir Montague Norman privatization of the Reichsbank. In 1932 Schacht began to support the nsDAP openly.
It is not as though Adolf Hitler would not have seen through the game. He knew that Schacht on behalf of the jewish world finance would seek to ensure in a new Germany the continuation of politics by private banks. Hitler knew also that he in a state of total helplessness, should he become Chancellor (Germany had as it were no more armed forces, only a barely armed 100-thousand-man army) he would have to hold out against the Reich’s enemies. So Hitler played the game and made Schacht on March 17, 1933 re-elected president of the Reichsbank.
Of course, the House of Rothschild members appointed by the General Council of the Reichsbank were ousted immediately. The Reichsbank had to realize that “the breaking of interest servitude of money” would commence immediately after Hitler’s appointment as chancellor. Schacht remained nothing more than watching idly the liberation of Germany. Germany’s enemies, however, believed to be able to compel Hitler with sanctions to restore the old Monetary Exploitation order again. Schacht should then be active again as before.
But Adolf Hitler ended the destructive influence of the monetary system of the FED and City of New York to Germany by a new barter agreement. The raw material imports in exchange trading increased between 1933 and 1937 of 1.4 billion marks to two billion Reichsmarks, while the finished goods imports by 500 million Reichsmark fell to just under 400 million marks. Trade in Scandinavia, South East Europe and Latin America had intensified and cash settled through clearing and exchange of commodities, which threatened the financial existence of the international power of the New York and London money-lenders.
In this time of military reluctance of the West, who still sat on the return of Hjalmar Schacht to the levers of financial power in the new Germany, Germany was at least as far as upgrading, that would have been a war against Germany involves risks. Under this shield of brilliant foreign policy of Adolf Hitler still in 1933 the dying German people flourished to life. The words of former British Prime Minister Lloyd George on his return from a trip to Germany before the waiting journalists in London in September 1936 will remain forever in your memory. After his daughter exclaimed in the mics, “Heil Hitler”, Lloyd George added as confident: “Yes, certainly, Heil Hitler I say this because he is truly a great man..”
Hitler humbled the hate of the world finance by having Hjalmar Schacht, lead the negotiations for the emigration of the Jews in London in December 1938 in said “inter alia” what became known as the pit-Rublee plan, a contract resulted.
On January 19, 1939, Schacht was officially stripped of his mission that he should exercise for FED and City of New York in secret. He was dismissed as Reichsbank president. Six months later, on June 15, 1939, the Reichstag voted on the new Reichsbank law. In Reich Law Gazette 1939 I, p 1015, 1030 was now stipulated that the Reichsbank was to “ensure the utilization of the available funds of the German economy in nonprofit and economically expedient manner.” “In the form of profitless”, ie without interest.
This policy began in 1933 for the benefit of the German people, now enshrined in law, the final decision of the jewish world finance had fallen in London and New York, to launch a new world war for the destruction of Germany. The rest was from then on only provocation, encirclement, lies and violence, until the official British and French declaration of war on 3 September 1939 against Germany.
End of 1932 saw the German price-adjusted gross domestic product a negative growth of 7.5 percent. Adolf Hitler was born on 30 January 1933 to power and in February 1933 he designed the monetary policy of the Reichsbank, ousted the foreign members of the General Council. This meant that before the end of 1933 the real gross national product (GNP) grew by 6 percent increase.
As early as 1937 Hitler had economic and monetary policy ensure that, despite the imposed sanctions against the Reich, a growth of over 10 percent was achieved. But more importantly, at a 10 percent economic growth rate increase under Hitler’s monetary policy, inflation was at zero percent, and there were no unemployed. Even in wartime, there were no price increases, no budget deficit, but there was growth. Adolf Hitler had therefore left his destroyed people with no debt after the end of the “World War staged by the Democrats”, which was even admitted by BRD Finance Minister Schäuble. Wolfgang Schäuble literally: “For the last time the country was debt free in 1948, after war and dictatorship.” And he is not even ashamed at these words.
Thus could the German people only afford Adolf Hitler, because he made Germany sovereign, because the sovereignty over the labor power and the money was in the hands of the working people and was not subjected to the dictatorship of Wall Street Speculators.
And now we have even worse conditions than in the dark period of the Weimar Republic under the Murder of Versailles. The pain we will feel soon. The chief editor of the Economic week, Stefan Baron, already warned 22 years ago prior to this case: “The Treaty of Maastricht threatened that Germany impose heavier loads than those in the Treaty of Versailles prescribed after the First World War reparations Only. Versailles was a dictation, Maastricht, the government [Kohl] concluded voluntarily. “
Today, when the ECB is run by former Goldman Sachs director Mario Draghi, who provides for the production and use of the Euro-currency, all the conditions are created for the Germans, having to suffer a collapse like 1923 and 1929 again.
The FRG does not have to determine their own destiny, has no say in monetary policy. And that is also celebrated enthusiastically by the henchmen of the international monetary system, forward Wolfgang Schäuble (CDU Minister of Finance).
Today, ECB chief Draghi calls on behalf of Goldman Sachs high inflation in Germany to lift the zero-growth in the euro zone to 1 percent growth. Draghi’s slogan: “Inflation must be found – at any cost only inflation means growth.”. Under Hitler it was 10 per cent growth at 0 percent inflation. Does it not sound like newly launched Versailles-mockery, as the FRG Minister of Finance on 5 September 2012 at the ZDF Heute-Journal said unabashedly: “But I’m quite sure, the Governing Council is aware, the ECB’s mandate is focused on the priority of price stability”.
We know that the world finance has always pocketed most of the money for wars and inflation, so this extermination of monetary policy of the lobby with its instrument ECB is only logical. In this sense, promised BRD Finance, Rothschild’s rolling debt generator, on the edge of monetary conference in 2013 in Washington, wanting to run the command for permanent debt increase without objection in the future. Schäuble was asked the question, when then will Germany have repaid this debt. Subsequently Schäuble: “Hopefully never!”
The formula for prosperity would be so easy for politicians and statesmen, if you only served the people and not the international bankers. The robbery of the people by the world finance using their deadly monetary and financial system must be stopped. The States must be sovereign over the production of their own money. Gottfried Feder explained this published in his “manifest refraction of interest servitude” so wonderful. “Every capital is accumulated labor, Big capital is unproductive in itself, precisely because money itself is a quite barren matter. Of spirit, work and existing or already developed raw materials or natural resources are created values, goods produced by labor and only by labor. ”
This principle for the flourishing of human existence was followed under Adolf Hitler, and so he could make from a wreck of world finance a people who again could be “a happy nation.”
Take the example of the House of Rothschild, which still had no money in 1800, but exceeded in the shortest possible time without productive, value-generating activities that a minimum living industry capital several times. These again Gottfried Feder declared to us in his book: “The fortune of the house of Rothschild, the oldest international plutocracy, is now estimated at about 40 billion. It is known that the old Amschel Mayer Rothschild in Frankfurt layed the basis for the tremendous wealth of his house around the year 1800 by re-awarding the millions which had been transferred to him from Landgrave William of Hesse for storage, without any of his own appreciable fortune.”
What we are witnessing today, the plundering of the people by the ECB, is just the continuation of what had begun more than 300 years ago in England. After Cromwell had again brought the jews, 400 years after their expulsion back to England, a new era of the monetary system began to be laid. ”
In the chapter on the owner of the shares of the Bank of England (1694-1797) in his book on the history of the Bank, Sir John Clapham, noted the high proportion of Spanish and Portuguese names of sephardic jews which appeared on the list of shareholders in the early years of the English central bank. He noted that these names from 1701 actually constituted 90 percent of the 107 founding members of the Bank of England. Among them were two da Costa, a Fonseca, a Henriquez, a Mendes, a Nuñes, one Rodrigues, a Salvador, a Teixeira de Mattos, a Solomon de Medina. Clapham pointed to a parallel with the Bank of Amsterdam, on incorporation were 25 jews among the owners. M. Hyamson writes in his book, The Sephardim of England, that a certain Jacob Henriquez immediately after the coronation of King George III, in the context of a petition referred to the merits of his father in founding the Bank of England.
With the creation of a private institution as a central bank of the British Empire the money conspirators stood in the truest sense of the word, open to all possibilities. All they had to do in order to deliver half of the globe as tribute was to provide a ridiculous sum to deposit as initial capital of the Bank of England. Only a few years after the founding of the private British central bank, paper money was introduced. The owners of the Federal Reserve could print on paper and lend it to the government, the institutions and the private sector at interest (tribute). Therefore, the taxes increased dramatically in all areas, for from henceforth all had indeed been delivered to any amount of printed paper rate tribute/debt. No one questioned why the state does not even print the paper and therefore spare the people the monstrous tribute load.
To summarize: With the sovereignty over their own money producing Hitler created prosperity and growth, without price increase and without inflation. Today, the world finance manages, with the sovereignty over our money, poverty and inflation but does not want us to see that we must unfortunately soon feel it.
And so the terrible world finance system, the Fed remains intact, we are held, with the help of the biggest lies in human history preventing us from studying Adolf Hitler’s economic policies. Professor Michael Hudson, who teaches at the Faculty of Economics of the University of Missouri-Kansas City, explained in no uncertain terms that Wall Street was responsible for the imposition of German historical lies. Hudson: “You can not in Germany teach history as it was, without being fired. … The whole theory of debt policy was then developed by Wall Street. Suddenly you gave the Germans a false story. Consider the German school books, and the propaganda of the banks, month after month, year after year. “
And the highly respected Russian historian and former Soviet Ambassador to the Federal Republic of Germany, Valentin Falin, replied on 16 September 2014 in a panel discussion on Russian state television, on the question of whether he with the official history that is taught in schools and universities in Russia was dissatisfied, he replied as follows: “I am not satisfied in principal with the official version of history, both the 20th and 19th century. … The historian can only successfully tackle their task when they are concentrating on facts, only facts and all of the facts. So we must consider events as a whole, we must look closely when the second world war really began and weather it was a continuation of the first world war in reality.”
by Mike Strobach the National Conscience
By the way, from 30.1% in 1932, the unemployment rate in Germany went to 2.1% in 1938: 0% interest loans were given for residential housing; not only that, the principal debt was forgiven 25% per child born, so after 4 children born the entire loan was cancelled and no more payments were made. There was never a financial crisis in Germany in the 30s. In order to stimulate the economy, it was necessary to have the nerve to invest money that the government did not really have, rather than wait with folded arms and an empty head for the economy to revive by itself.
Before the end of 1933 even, Germany had succeeded in building 202,119 housing units. In 4 years the German people was provided with 1,458,128 new dwellings. All of this was made available by issuing loans to private sector housing at 0% interest. In 1933 alone 17,611 new farm houses were constructed each surrounded by a parcel of land 1,000 meters square. In 3 years, 91,000 such farm house were built as part of elevating and reinvigorating the working farming class. Again, all of this would be provided as part of 0% interest loans as an effective means of rebuilding the economy and providing jobs at the same time.
How Hitler launched a social revolution – Leon Degrelle
|judea Declares War on Germany (Daily Express, London, 24. März 1933, S. 1)
|“76 Jahre meines Lebens”, Kindler + Schiermeyer, 3. Aufl. 1953, S. 331
|Benjamin Strong war maßgeblich an der Gründung der FED beteiligt. Er war Präsident von Banker’s Trust und wurde 1914 zum ersten Präsidenten der Federal Reserve Bank of New York (damals die FED) bestellt. Strong war getrieben von dem Verlangen, die Verbündeten der USA im Krieg gegen das Deutsche Reich zu unterstützen. Strongs Anliegen war es, die USA zur dominierenden Finanzmacht in der Welt zu machen, indem er mit der FED in die internationale Politik eingriff.
|BRITISH FINANCIAL WARFARE: 1929; 1931- 33, HOW THE CITY OF LONDON CREATED THE GREAT DEPRESSION, von Webster G. Tarpley, December, 1996 (questionable zionist if you ask me)
|James Turk, GoldMoney, sott.net, 30.06.2012
|A.N. Wilson, HITLER, 2012. “A short biography”.
|“Das Defizit im Staatshaushalt war minimal und lag selbst 1938 in der Zeit massiver Kriegsvorbereitungen, gemessen am Sozialprodukt, niedriger als heute. Zur Zeit der Kriegswirtschaft … lag die Produktion 1944 trotz Bombenkrieg und Rohstoffmangel höher als 1939. Diese Zahlen, die im Rest der Welt keine Entsprechung hatten, sind so aufregend, dass ihre Gründe aufgedeckt werden sollten … Können wir auf Erfolgsrezepte nur deshalb verzichten, weil Adolf Hitler sie angewandt hat?” (WirtschaftsWoche, Nr. 29/1991, S.110) Quellen für die Zahlen bezüglich Wachstum und Preisstabilität unter Hitler: WiSta 3/2009.
|Süddeutsche Zeitung, 14.10.2013, S. 4
|Wirtschafts Woche 42/9.10.1992, S. 3
|Süddeutsche Zeitung, 14.10.2013, S. 4
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10 Powerful Ayurvedic Herbs with Health Benefit
Ayurveda is the oldest traditional medicine system in India. In Ayurveda, it is believed that a balance between the soul, mind and body leads to a healthy life and lifestyle.
Here, we recommend some of the most popular ayurvedic herbs list that you should try.
Ashwagandha is an evergreen shrub that grows naturally in India and is a plant of the Solanaceae family. This ayurvedic herb has been used as a tonic in Ayurveda. It is also famous in the Ancient Chinese medical system. The usage is clear by its meaning. Ashwa means Horse in Sanskrit, So ashwagandha means horse-like power.
Ashwagandha is used in physical strength-enhancing effect, stress resistance, immunity enhancing effect, and anti-inflammatory effect. It is rich in alkaloids, steroidal lactones, saponins, and other minerals such as iron, which all support the body, strengthen and recover fatigue. Moreover, it contains a component called ginsenoside which supports stress relief, insomnia, hyperventilation, and even depression.
Being a powerpack of nutrition, so maybe known as immunity booster ayurvedic herbs. It also contains alkaloids and is said to be particularly effective against arthritis and rheumatism.
How to Use Ashwagandha
Ashwagandha extracts are available in the market, in the form of powder, capsules, tablets and liquid. Tablet and Capsule forms are quite famous in India.
Potential side effects of Ashwagandha
Ashwagandha is usually considered to have few side effects when used in more than moderate doses. A large dose of ashwagandha causes stomach upset, nausea, vomiting, sometimes also causes liver problems.
Who shouldn't use Ashwagandha
People who are on medication related to diabetes, blood pressure, autoimmune, thyroid and ulcers, should avoid using Ashwagandha or consult a healthcare professional. A pregnant, lactating woman and children should also avoid using it. It is not recommended for them.
Boswellia, a strong inflammatory herb from the plant Boswellia serrata. It is also known as Indian Frankincense or olibanum. It is woody in smell and used in sacred places like temples, meditation, etc. It has the function of deepening and slowing breathing and can be expected to have effects such as relaxation effect, prevention of wrinkles, and relief of joint pain symptoms, etc.
Its active ingredient is Boswellia acid which is used to maintain bronchial asthma, allergic reactions and increase breathing capacity. Boswellia suppresses the breakdown of glycosaminoglycans, a component that softens joints and skin and helps to retain water. This means it is effective in joint pain and improvement of joints. From ancient times, it has been used in meditation because it allows you to increase your concentration power. It is also known as ayurvedic herbs for hair.
How to use Boswellia
Unlike other herbs, it is also available in extract form like powder, tablets, capsules, etc. Well, the use of Boswellia varies considerably from product to product.
Potential side effects of Boswellia
In case, when you overdose on Boswellia consumption, you might experience adverse effects like nausea, diarrhoea, stomach pain and skin eczema.
Who shouldn't use Boswellia
It is not good for pregnant women. Because it may increase blood flow to the uterus and pelvic. The gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patient should also avoid it.
3. Licorice Root
Licorice root is a herb that has been used for thousands of years. It originates in Europe and Asia. Licorice root belongs to the Glycyrrhiza glabra plant, it provides important medication in the ayurvedic field. It is sweet in flavour, so used in many foods, drinks and candy. Despite the sweet taste, it also provides relief in the stomach, reduces stress, anxiety and improves the respiratory system.
Licorice is full of 300 different compounds which have antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial effects. Its anti-inflammatory property may help to reduce inflammation of the skin. So, it supports various skin problems and infections like redness, rashes, itching, swelling, etc. The flavonoids compounds of licorice are helpful to relieve stomach discomfort, nausea, bloating, heartburn, pain, etc. It is also said to be used in sore throat and oral problems.
How to use Licorice root
In the market, licorice root is available in many forms like dried and powdered form as well as in capsules, tablets, and liquid extract. It is easily available in any supplement shop either online or offline. You can also prepare licorice tea with its extract for healthy well being.
Potential side effects of Licorice root
In spite of its benefits, it also has side effects like other herbs. If you consume licorice root in a large amount, it may lead to many adverse effects. You should always follow the recommended dose only. The adverse effects may be muscle weakness, nausea, swelling, irregular metabolism, irregular heartbeat, constipation or diarrhoea, etc.
Who shouldn't use Licorice root
People who already have high blood pressure should avoid using it. It is also not for the one who has a low potassium level in the body. Moreover, be careful or recommend to the healthcare professional if you have kidney disease and heart problems. A pregnant and breastfeeding woman should also avoid using it without doctor recommendations.
Brahmi, Bacopa monnieri is a staple herb in Ayurvedic medicine. It is also called a magical plant in India, it is named after the creator god Brahman. This is a herb used for enhancing memory, cognition and learning ability. Basically, it enhances the purpose of concentrating consciousness and activating the cranial nerves. It has strong anti-inflammatory properties that work as a brain tonic. Moreover, it is a remedy that maintains health by considering the harmony and balance of mind and body. One study says that Brahmi may have adaptogenic properties, which stabilize the mind and provide the ability to deal with stress and anxiety.
How to use Brahmi
The powder and supplement form is available in the market for the Brahmi easy consumptions. Moreover, many other brain-boosting supplements also contain Brahmi. You can get a pure Brahmi extract or prepared with any other herb.
Potential side effects of Brahmi
The overdose of Brahmi may show potential side effects to the body, which include stomach cramps, diarrhoea, dry mouth, fatigue & nausea.
Who shouldn't use Brahmi
The Brahmi is not good for pregnant and breastfeeding women. One who is on thyroid medication should avoid it.
5. Gotu kola
Gotu kola is a herb used in many ancient medical practices for general health and an adjunct to anti-ageing. The "herb of longevity" is another name for it. Gotu Kola has been claimed in several studies to improve brain function, be effective in mental care like alleviate depression, be good for skin diseases, and promote liver and kidney health, etc. Leaves of the Gotu kola plant are used for medical purposes and contain a variety of vitamins, minerals, and other drug-like compounds. It has antiviral, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties with plenty of B vitamins, amino acids for protein building, and important minerals such as calcium and magnesium.
Gotu kola was beneficial in improving cognition, while Gotu kola was more effective in improving areas of memory. Moreover, it may help stop the formation of blood clots in people who have heart problems. It may also help people with certain types of anaemia due to low levels of B vitamins.
How to use Gotu kola
Supplement(Capsules, Tablet) and Powder is quite famous for Gotu Kola in the market. It is suggested to choose a well known ayurvedic doctor or supplier for the Gotu Kola intake.
Potential side effects of Gotu kola
Gotu kola may cause headaches, upset stomach, and dizziness, sensitivity to sunlight, itching in some cases, mostly when intake gets an overdose. It is said that to avoid adverse effects, start with a low dose and gradually go to the proper dose. Make sure not to overdose after the proper suggested dose.
Who shouldn't use Gotu kola
Some people may need to be careful while using Gotu kola supplement or any extract, such as if they are pregnant or breastfeeding, or if they have hepatitis or other liver diseases, so be careful before taking it.
Shatavari,Asparagus racemosus is one of the best adaptogenic herbs traditionally from India. It has been used for many years for vitality and plays an important role in Ayurvedic medicine due to its efficacy. It is also famous for better reproductive systems in men and women.
Shatavari is a rich source of saponin, an antioxidant compound with anti-inflammatory properties. It reduces oxidative stress and prevents the body from free radicals. Moreover, it is expected that Shatavri will improve the immune system and response.
Shatavari may be able to balance the hormones in the body. It improves the female reproductive system, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), fertility, depression, irregular menstruation cycle and is effective in menopause too. Shatavari is also expected to have the effect of suppressing the breakdown of collagen, which is the source of firmness in the skin.
How to use Shatavari
Shatavari is available in online and offline stores in the form of capsules, tablets, powders and more. You can consume Shatavari after a meal during the day or night.
Potential side effects of Shatavari
It is good to use Shatavari or its extract daily but it should be limited. An overdose of Shatavari shows potential side effects like many other herbs, including rash, fast heart rate, itching dizziness, nausea, difficulty breathing, etc.
Who shouldn't use Shatavari
It may be safer to avoid using supplements containing Shatavari if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. Well, there is no study, but it is still good to avoid. If you are allergic to asparagus, then it is not for you. Having asthma and blood-sugar-lowering patients should also avoid Shatavari supplement till it is recommended by doctors.
Cardamom, Elettaria cardamomum has been used for a long time as a medicine with many effects. Cardamom is also known as the "queen of spices." It is a major spice in India and the Middle East. Being a Fragrant Spice, it has a very good scent. So it is used in many dishes to eliminate the smell of major ingredients.
Cardamon is a rich source of potassium, calcium, magnesium, etc minerals. It supports the cell and body fluids that shows effective improvement in lower blood pressure, breathing, digestion, and weight loss. In case of indigestion, it promotes the secretion of gastric juice, saliva and helps digestion. In addition to the digestive system, cardamom is also expected to have the effect of improving respiratory disorders.
Moreover, it improves blood circulation and supports a warm body.
How to use Cardamom
Cardamon is very easy to eat raw. Preparing tea with cardamom is also a good idea. There is no need to go with its extract. You can get cardamom and mix it with your beverage or food. Having it for breakfast is good.
Potential side effects of Cardamom
There is no report for dose limit for cardamom adverse effects. Well, some of the noted adverse effects are liver problems, loss of hunger, nausea and vomiting.
Who shouldn't use Cardamom
Patients who have gallbladder stones show avoid using cardamom in their diet even in small quantities.
Ginseng is an Araliaceae perennial plant. Ginseng has long been known as a "highly effective drug" and is taken to relieve fatigue, lose appetite, poor circulation, and improve poor circulation. Ginseng's roots are highly beneficial as compared to the flower and fruit. The saponin component "ginsenoside" is abundant in ginseng. Ginsenosides improve the quality of life by boosting stamina and desire. There are three types of ginseng based on their harvesting period. The older the ginseng, the better the ginseng. Ginseng controls mental and physical health. It may help in cognitive function and improve memory performance.
How to use Ginseng
Ginsey capsules, tablets, Ginseng powder, etc are sold in the market. You can have supplements as per direction. It is okay to have a 400 mg ginseng capsule in a day. The important thing, make sure not to use more than 3 months.
Potential side effects of Ginseng
Ginseng side effects are very rare till it is consumed in the limit. Moreover, adverse effects are very mild and cause dizziness, headache, insomnia, stomach upset and many other symptoms.
Who shouldn't use Ginseng
People who are addicted to tea, coffee or alcohol should avoid it. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should also avoid using ginseng.
Turmeric, oldest herb for medicinal purposes. It is a plant of the genus Turmeric of the family Zingiberaceae native to East India. It has been widely used as a colouring agent and spice. Curcumin is the active ingredient of turmeric. Curcumin benefits the body in many ways. It promotes the secretion of saliva, gastric juice and protects the gastric mucosa. In Chinese herbal medicine, it is also used for gastritis and gastric acid. Turmeric is also known for the function of accelerating the decomposition rate of acetaldehyde, which causes a hangover and helps recover liver functions. The antibacterial, antivirals help to increase the immunity system. Curcumin has an insect repellent effect too. In ancient times or your grandparent must use turmeric with milk for better health, pain relief and wound healing. Yes, turmeric has this property. It also supports healthy blood circulation and heart health.
How to use Turmeric
Prepare a turmeric dish with raw turmeric roots. You can use turmeric powder in milk or any other liquid. Moreover, in the market, you will find supplements as well. You can have a supplement with water as a professional guide.
Potential side effects of Turmeric
The overdose of turmeric sometimes causes side effects in the body. If you experience constipation, diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, yellow stool, stomach pain, etc then recommend to a professional immediately.
Who shouldn't use Turmeric
It is not good to overdose on it for a longer period of time. If you are on iron medication, then do not use turmeric or consult a healthcare professional. Excess iron can cause liver damage.
Tulsi, Holy basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum) is a sacred and oldest plant of the Indian house. Leaves of holy basil are used for medical purposes from eye to heart diseases. It is native to Southeast Asia. The charm of basil is not limited to Ayurveda. It is also used in Chinese medicine. The leaves used as herbs are also nutritious and are popular for cooking and herbal tea. It is rich in nutrients called phytochemicals. Phytochemicals, also known as "phytonutrients," are vitamins, polyphenols, and other ingredients that humans cannot produce in the body. So, it is helpful to reduce the oxidation in the body and prevent the body from free radicals. Improvements in the immune system, better mood, healthy blood flow, reduced pain, etc are benefits achieved by tulsi use. Tulsi leaves have a calming green colour, and the strong scent component that comes out when the leaves are crushed has the effect of healing and relaxing the tiredness of the mind and body.
How to use Basil
Chewing some leaves in the morning is beneficial. You can add leaves or drops of Tulsi in Tea, Milk or Water. Tulsi capsules, tulsi powder, tulsi drops, panch tulsi drops, etc are available in the market that is easy to use. You can have it twice a day or as per the indication written on the product label.
Potential side effects of Basil
Well, using a tulsi does not have any side effects. But overdosing definitely causes adverse effects to the body like nausea, diarrhoea, fast heartbeat, etc.
Who shouldn't use Basil
It is not recommended to the woman who is pregnant or trying to get pregnant. It affects reproductive health. A lower blood sugar patient should also talk to a professional doctor first. | <urn:uuid:f15fecbc-65d7-41ba-90b8-6c0ce9e29679> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.bhumijalifesciences.com/blogs/news/10-powerful-ayurvedic-herbs-with-health-benefit | 2024-04-13T21:47:11Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.942036 | 3,626 | 4,231 |
More about Český Brod
The second largest town in the Kolín district in the flow of time…
Český Brod was founded as a market settlement, probably by Jan I. (1134 – 1139), the bishop of Prague, on one of the country’s most important provincial paths, Trstenická, linking Prague with south-eastern Europe. The new market settlement, with the Roman St.Gothard cathedral, and a spacious marketplace, arose on a gentle hillock elevated over the town and across the Šembera brook, where apparently the then bishop custom house also stood. The local ford of great importance, a day’s trip away from both Prague and Kouřim, surrounded by extensive marshlands, guaranteed the settlement not only permanent subsistence but also certain security, and gave it the name of Brod (a ford).
Around 1268, Jan III. of Dražice, the bishop of Prague, designated the local market settlement a town - Biskupský Brod (Broda Episcopalis, Bishopford) and granted it immediately the emphyteutic right (right of succession) and other citizen liberties, namely the right of fortification. The town, boasting sixty-eight middle-class houses, three suburbs (Liblické, Kouřimské, and Pražské), and also houses with the side right of parish in the middle ages, was built by colonists of both Czech and foreign descent. Owing to trading and travelling activities and an extensive agriculture vicinity, Biskupský Brod soon became a significant trading centre and market with corresponding trade and craft businesses, above all inn-keeping.
In 1289, Ondřej of Říčany, a partisan of the imprisoned Záviš of Falkenštejn, burnt down the town of Brod. The bishop of Prague, Tobiáš of Bechyně, restored it, granting it and its burghers, together with certain other citizens, a new title deed. In the deed, he again defined some town rights and liabilities, namely the feudal annuity perpetual bonds of 20 hides (approx. 372 hectares) of farmland and 12 butcher’s shops. By affording the town only minor land acreage, the bishop promoted it as a centre of trade and craft.
With respect to the fact that it was rather complicated to administer and secure the particular manors of the Prague bishopric, Tobiáš of Bechyně incorporated the villages and courts lying east of Prague into a special district, appointing Biskupský Brod its administrative centre. There he built a large fortress, a seat of the bishopric official, the burgrave, to whose administrative district (dominion) Biskupský Brod and 17 villages or their parts belonged to.
In 1315, when the house of Ronn with 500 armour-bearers occupied Brod, the town had already been using the amended local place-name of Český Brod (Broda Bohemicalis, Czechford). This was to distinguish it from the town of Německý Brod (Broda Germanica, Germanford), lying on the same commercial path.
After a nearby settlement of Chouranice had been burnt down in 1323, the local mill and the land-registry of the former settlement fell upon Český Brod, both favourably influencing further development of the town’s economy.
The socio-economic development of Český Brod, in which the 83 local inns had contributed strongly by the middle of the 14th century, enabled the final construction of the town. Aided by the archbishop Arnošt of Pardubice, Český Brod erected stone walls, fortified them with a repaired citadel, and continued building a three-nave St. Gothard cathedral. Apart from the local school, he established an infirmary for twelve of those poor and sick (today’s house number 274), and next to which are the St. Mary Magdalene church and the St. Nicholas chapel. During the second half of the 14th century, the square and the town access road were coble-stoned and the Malechov stone bridge was probably built.
The duke Jan Zhořelecký arrived in Český Brod in 1394 to negotiate the liberation from captivity of King Václav IV with Vilém, the margrave of Meissen.
When the Český Brod burghers finished the construction of the civic buildings between the 14th and 15th centuries, and when the working of the municipal institutions was financially secured by the means of material annuities, they began focusing on expanding the municipal administration, controlled by the landlord’s official – the reeve. In contrast to other Czech towns the fight for self-government in Český Brod was resolved before 1402, when the wealthy and self-confident Český Brod burghers erected a big town hall in the middle of the square (house number 1), where both the borough council and the municipal court were moved from the reeve´s house.
The rights and liabilitiesy of Prague’s Old Town law were confirmed to Český Brod by the archbishop Zbyněk Zajíc of Hazmburk in 1406.
In the first decades of the 15th century, the Prague University professor Ondřej of Český Brod, renowned chiefly for his earlier work „De origine Hussitorum“ (Of the Origin of the Hussites), stood up against Huss’s reforms. Growing rich, Český Brod sided with the Catholic Church and the king. Their partisans convened in Český Brod in 1415 to establish a baronial league, led by Jan of Hradec, against the Hussite Union.
Probably in 1418, when the Český Brod archbishopric district broke up, the archbishop Konrád of Vechta pawned the town of Český Brod to Jan Sekretář of Kostelec nad Černými lesy. Following the battle at Vyšehrad in 1420 Emperor Zikmund occupied the town, as the town pawn holder was killed.
The imperial garrison of Český Brod held out only until 17th April, 1421, when, after a short and ferocious fight, the Prague troops and their Hussite allies conquered the town. The Prague citizens, influenced by their own self-government reforms, rid Český Brod’s burghers of their villein dependence on Prague’s archbishops, installed the borough council and thus recognized the administrative and political autonomy of the town of Český Brod. Simultaneously, they incorporated the town into the military alliance of the Prague towns and in this way Český Brod gained the right of attendance at the provincial diets.
After the defeat of the Prague troops in the battle at Malešov of 1424, Jan Žižka of Trocnov included Český Brod in the Orphan Town Union (also known as the Orphans, the Hussite Union, or the Orphan Fraternity, was a radical Hussite burgher-nobility authority formation). The great Hussite assembly, convening in Český Brod in 1429, set conditions for negotiations with emperor Zikmund. Being besieged by the baronial coalition troops on 26th and 27th May, 1434, the town defenders led by orphan captain Jana Čert, called Anděl, repelled them and the coalition troops marched off to Lipany.
Not long after the battle at Lipany, the representatives of Český Brod concluded an armistice with the baronial coalition. To prevent any of the district noblemen from gaining rule of the town, its citizens opened negotiations with emperor Zikmund. The emperor confirmed their revolutionary liberties, including the right of mile and custom-duty, and elevated Český Brod to the status of a royal town on 4th February, 1437. He also granted it a coat-of–arms: an open gate in a silver wall, with a tower above, sided by both the imperial and town coats-of-arms, all in a blue field.
The new royal town of Český Brod, secured by Zikmund’s privileges and another bail with 16 bastions, had in those times 134 town and suburban houses, 20 granges, 2 mills, and was inhabited by approximately 1,200 citizens. The Provincial Diet of Bohemia was held here in 1444 to discuss the appointment of Jan Rokycana the archbishop. Mainly local brewers flourished in the town exporting their beverages far and wide. The wealthiest of them soon gained control of the municipal administration and the community senior congregation, the presbytery. They maintained their community and council positions as late as by the 1470s, when they were expelled by members of the constituting guilds, namely wealthy maltsters and butchers.
In 1483, an influential assembly of the Utraquists was held in Český Brod. There, the nobility and the towns constituted a Calixtine coalition which enforced religious tolerance in Bohemia.
Even the great fire of 1512 did not bring a halt to the flourishing of the town. The town treasure got great incomes from the custom-duties, that the crafts and businesses carried, as well as from the villein payments which the town invested in the estates of the Public Records (Tabulae terrae, Tables of Land). Český Brod bought the citadel and village of Tismice, the villages of Mrzky, Krupá, Mrzky, Nová Ves, Lhotka, and the annuities in other villages and thus ranked among feudal dominions. King Ferdinand I bestowed two annual fairs upon the town in 1538 and confirmed the earlier privilege of custom and toll duties. In the 1540s, the town and its burghers launched a major reconstruction of Český Brod.
The long-lasting social-economic development of Český Brod was interrupted by Ferdinand I after an abortive anti-Habsburg uprising of 1547 in which the citizens of Český Brod actively participated. The sovereign suspended Český Brod of the right of participation and voting at the provincial diets. The town authority bodies and its social life were subject to the control of the royal reeve who dissolved the guilds, condemned the town to a major financial penalty and to the confiscation of the estates of the Public Records.
In 1549, after the return of the confiscated infirmaries and parishes, and after the reestablishment of the guilds, the town was developing under severe economic conditions. Competition from neighbouring dominical breweries (Kostelec nad Černými Lesy, Škvorec, Uhříněves, Přerov nad Labem) was mounting. The brewing of beer, the keystone of Český Brod’s economy, saw the production of up to 42,000 hectolitres of beer in the 1570s but its output gradually dropped in the following years.
On the other hand, the business of local wholesale merchants grew as they bought cattle and wine in Hungary and sold them in Prague. The wholesalers and brewers, largely members of the literati fraternity, were financially supportive of the Český Brod educational system in which, in the age prior to the battle at Bílá Hora, a whole number of outstanding representatives of the Bohemian humanist movement taught. These excelled not only as educators but also as musicians and poets. Their poems, written mainly in Latin, were published in memorial volumes.
The problems of the town’s economy, to a certain degree caused by the growing crisis of the local brewing, were being solved by the borough council by the means of purchasing further estates of the Public Records and in the development of local enterprises.
To add to the present infirmary and parish property, the town got possession of two citadels in Liblice and Tismice, plus the villages of Liblice, Štolmíř, Tismice, and Vrátkov.
According to the situation in 1615, the town of Český Brod was a feudal dominion for 64 villeins. The purchasing of new estates and the state-compelled loans to defray the wars with the Turks immersed Český Brod in vast debts in the age prior to the battle at Bílá Hora.
Český Brod’s participation in the second anti-Habsburg uprising between 1618 and 1620 brought disastrous consequences to the town. In the confiscation, the town lost its entire landed property, bought in 1623 by the royal governor Karel of Lichtenštejn which he adjoined to the dominion of Kostelec nad Černými Lesy. Fearing plundering armies and for religious reasons, 85 out of 160 owners of the town and suburban houses expatriated from Český Brod between 1624 and 1626. Their belongings were seized mostly by the local representatives of the Habsburg regime or burnt down in the Český Brod fire of 29th April, 1628. In 1639, when the town debt reached 33,000 gross of Meissen groschens, General Baner’s army marched in and plundered it. Another Swede, general Torstenson, ravaged it in 1643.
The impoverished and half-empty town of Český Brod, surrounded by an economically strong Lichtenštejn dominion and affected by re-catholicization, was gradually recovering from all the previous disasters. The sovereign remitted the town all the taxes for long years and granted it a sum of 4,000 Rheinland guldens for restoration. The borough council led by the mayor advanced in repopulating the houses abandoned and burnt down, and sought new sources of incomes to finance the repairs of the municipal buildings. The burghers’ breweries, destroyed during the war, were substituted by a municipal one brewing only for local consumption and launched a longtime lawsuit with the Kostelec nad Černými Lesy dominion to gain back the so-called free hide of the Český Brod land registry, which, by mistake, had not been entered into the confiscation protocol. Prior to the borough council’s managing to sue for this farmland, Český Brod burnt down on 25th August, 1690 and it became necessary to rebuild it again.
In 1706, the state administration bodies subjected the town management of Český Brod to thecontrol of a select inspector following an economic order. As the state tended to improve the working of the municipal administration bodies, from 1734 onwards it demanded that individual borough council members have a command of legal knowledge and only a well-seen jurist could become the town scrivener. The state halted resuming the borough councils in 1737 and membership in those became freehold.
The town’s public buildings and town houses, which were owned and restored by a few wealthy families of Italian descent in the early 18th century, were again ruined in the great fire of 7th November, 1739 and a lesser one of 26th December, 1739.
Český Brod, having turned into a farming-crafts town, spent heavily in restoring its building in the early 18th century but was nevertheless forced to spend disbursements on accommodating troops in the town. Only limited financial means were available for the borough council to spend on welfare and on the local school of which the masters excelled as outstanding musicians and theatrists in the late 18th century.
Reorganizing the municipal administration in 1783, the state abolished the office of the royal reeve and constituted a regulated magistrate municipality. In 1786, Český Brod was classified a free royal town governed in the appellate jurisdiction directly by the district office. So in a town of 159 houses, judicial matters were carried out by a syndic, a clerk, and a beadle, whilst economic matters were looked after by a burgher master, a town councilor and an alderman.
Coinciding with the state’s centralizing policies, the Czech national movement started to thrive, represented in Český Brod at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries above all by the patriotic clergyman Jindřich Hill, the Český Brod dean between 1794 and 1813. The town itself, developing under peace conditions, did not participate in the political process. The local craftsmen, led by the burgher Jan Cimburk, staged several Czech theatre plays in 1838. Český Brod experienced the revolutionary year of 1848 relatively peacefully. In the town where the noted Prague radical Emanuel Arnold was active, a 116-men strong national guard was incepted but it did not interfere with the fights in Prague.
In 1849, the state devolved, according to the municipal law, the entire economic administration of the town and part of its political administration to the mayor, the municipal (town) council, and the municipal (town) committee. The electoral system was a part of this law.
Since the middle of the 19th century, finishing the construction of the railway in 1845 and the abolition of corvée in 1848 both contributed to the town’s development significantly. Still in 1843, the town had, together with its Zahrady gardens, just 199 houses inhabited by 1,877 citizens, but in 1857, it already had 232 houses with 2,400 inhabitants. In 1850, Český Brod became seat of the district court and in 1868, the district commissioner’s (marshal’s) office moved here from Kostelec nad Černými Lesy. Český Brod’s mayor Jan Weidenhoffer and the deputy of the Diet of Bohemia as well as the first chief magistrate of the Český Brod district, Franišek Pokorný played a strong part in this.
The end of the 1860s brought a boost to local industry. The steam mill was set in operation in 1867 and the joint sugar mill followed in 1868. The local brewery came to flourish again. A new modern brewery made 5,500 hl of beer in 1885, while 26 years later it was 40,188 hl. The Černovský a spol. farm machines factory launched manufacture in Český Brod in 1888, exporting to Central and Eastern European countries. The town gasworks opened in 1903, which lit Český Brod’s first gas lamps, namely in the new district hospital, in the very same year.
Concurrently with the development of the local industry, the local banking institution came into being. In 1864, Savings and Loan Office was established, renamed in 1873 Community Credit Bank. In 1882, District Commercial Credit Bank began its business, followed by Český Brod Savings Bank in 1909.
The political and economic rise of the town also influenced the development of the social, cultural and later sporting life. In 1863, the first Czech-German association named Českobrodská beseda was established. Between 1865 and 1868, the local craftsmen staged Josef Kajetán Tyl’s plays “The Rake of Prague” and “The Foundling“ in Alžběta Suttnerová’s inn (house number 36). In 1869, a new amateur association staged their first performance of Felcman´s drollery „Just Mannerly”. In the local social hall in 1875, the Prozatimní theatre gave its first ever tour performance in rural Bohemia. In addition, the famous Czech actor Jindřich Mošna appeared here since 1877. The local amateur association was using a large summer straw hat stage in the garden of the „U Slunce“ inn (house number 215) since 1875.
They had been acting here until 1884, when they merged into the theatre section of the Sokol association. Of the 28 different municipal associations and corporations, the Sokol gymnastics drill was the most the most active. It was founded by the Český Brod citizens, led by the mayor Jan Weidenhoffer, in 1870. The Sokolovna assembly hall, designed by Jan Koula, was built in 1884. The most remarkable event of the Český Brod Sokol association was a Czech-American competition held, in place of the 2nd Sokol festival banned, in Český Brod on 26th June, 1887. It saw the participation of 40,000 visitors of whom 3,000 were Sokol members from Bohemia, Moravia and the United States of America.
Workers from Český Brod founded the Mutual Support Work Labour Association in 1871. This association of workmen, aiding one another, endorsed social-democratic ideals and also supported educational activities from 1882 onwards. The Labour Forum functioned in the town from 1879.
Since the 1890s, when the town housed over 4,000 inhabitants, the citizens of Český Brod participated regularly in all political and national events. These were organized and scheduled chiefly by the local editor Jozef Miškovský, the publisher of the Naše hlasy and Naše listy weeklies, who, as a member of both the district board of representatives and the borough council, played a strong role in the development of the town and district.
The First World War 1914-1918 paralysed the long-lasting, social-economic development of Český Brod and brought its citizens severe tribulation and impoverishment. The citizens of Český Brod publicly expressed their discontentment with the political and economic distress during the jubilee on the 1st May and during the general strike on the 14th October, 1918. Representatives of political parties established the district National Committee during this time of social tension and, on its behalf, solemnly declared Czechoslovak independence at a mass rally in front of the town hall on the 28th October, 1918.
The post-war economical conjuncture that a free and democratic Czechoslovakia was going through in the first decade of its existence, contributed to the development and modernization of Český Brod. Already in 1919, the district authority founded a grammar school, the gymnasium, and the local Sokol association opened a motion picture theatre in 1920. The town then, during the land reform, fought out a grange in Klučov with 125ha of land in compensation for the land appropriation after the battle at Bílá Hora.
In 1923, the town, headed by the social-democratic mayor František Macháček (1874 –1941), completed the electrification of the town. The gymnasium grammar school gained a modern building in 1924, the construction of the Havlíček suburb began, and the Social-Democratic Party opened the Lidový dům assembly house. The KARMA industrial works, producing superior gas burners, was set up in Český Brod in 1926. The buildings of the district health insurance office and of the railway station were built in 1927. In 1928, the first regular bus shuttle service between the town and its agricultural vicinities started operation, the district hospital was enlarged and modernized, and the post office switched on an automatic exchange. Also the local brewery was modernized, producing a yearly 45,000hl of beer, tapped in the 23 pubs of Český Brod. The town also built up further institutions of importance such as the Masaryk jubilee town school in the Vanderky borough, and the Podlipanské museum which became a new centre of the town’s cultural life.
The social-economic development of Český Brod was affected by the economic depression of 1927-1932. After it had passed, in 1935 the Savings Bank of Český Brod built its own branch as another public structure. The Sokol association opened a swimming pool in 1938, and Alois Komárek of Neštěmice near Ústí nad Labem moved the AKO photographic supplies manufactory here.
The Second World War of 1939-1945 inflicted a greater misery than World War One on the citizens of Český Brod, most of whom were mostly small traders, farmers as well as intelligentsia. The Nazi terror and the resistance against it claimed a total of 111 casualties.
Numerous citizens were deported for forced labour to Germany, others were, due to their participation in the resistance groups, sentenced by Nazi courts to jail in concentration camps or German prisons.
The resistance of the Český Brod population against the Nazi occupation culminated in the May Uprising of 1945. On the 5th May, the local Revolutionary National Committee stood forth into the public, gradually taking over power in the town. On the 8th May, the Czech crew saved the Liblice transmitter from destruction. Not far from the transmitter, an exchange of fire occurred with Nazi troops, in which 18 patriots perished. 60 captive Czechs were liberated in Český Brod by the U.S. parliamentarians returning this way from the Velichovka spa, where they had been negotiating with marshal Ferdinand Schörner, on the 8th May. On the same evening, Schörner’s army assignees signed before the deputies of the Czech National Council the unconditional surrender of the German troops in the local gymnasium grammar school. On the 9th May, the first tanks of the Red Army drove through Český Brod.
Following the liberation, the town recovered from the war relatively quickly. It purchased the Dolánky forest of 847ha in 1946, and began constructing the town’s water supply network in 1947. Between 1948 and 1949, the Communists, who had overrun the town hall, nationalized or communized all the means of production in town, and fully subjugated the social life to their ideology. Their activities were accompanied by the persecution of the townspeople, many of whom spent long years in prisons or work camps due to their resistance against the new Communist regime.
The state administration bodies abolished the Český Brod district in 1960, adjoining it to the Kolín one. The Český Brod brewery, producing 42,130hl of beer still in 1966, ceased output due to sales problems in early 1968.
However, in spite of all the changes Český Brod remained an economic and cultural regional centre.
Miloš Dvořák, PhD. | <urn:uuid:088920c8-fb3b-4a74-b300-9287d07f1d90> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.cesbrod.cz/item/vice-o-meste-cesky-brod?lang=EN | 2024-04-13T21:33:06Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.94995 | 5,915 | 6,532 |
The Lifecycle of an Ally
The Gender Recognition Act 2015 is under attack, and the mainstream politicians who voted for it are running for cover. What happened?
Independent Senator Gerard Craughwell has been on a tear for the last week. Craughwell is one of several Irish politicians who voted to introduce the Gender Recognition Act in 2015 who seem to be having doubts about it. The Act was one of the first in the world to introduce Gender Self-ID, allowing people to have their chosen identity legally recognised on the basis of declaration, and without medical evaluation. Craughwell’s turnabout has been more extreme than most:
On social media, he went from supporting the Act to fretting about it, to decrying it, to calling for its repeal in the space of a few days. The “TENI” he refers to above are a ubiquitous NGO who in the past have received a substantial amount of money from the government and were involved in the design of the legislation.
As a principle, it’s good for politicians to publicly admit they’ve changed their mind on an important subject, and we shouldn’t monster him for doing that. But since he’s not the only one who’s done so (more on that below), I think it is worth asking what happened between 2015 and today that caused the change. What was discussed in the Oireachtas during the extensive debates on the Act? Were any of the controversial topics touched on, and what was the result? My interest here is not the content of the law itself but the process that created it, and what that tells us about how laws like this are formed in Ireland and elsewhere.
I’ve posted some extracts from the final debates on the law below. The tldr here is that the Dáil and Seanad records show that many of the points politicians are now recoiling from were discussed in detail, though mostly not critically. Some concerns were not explicitly considered or refuted, but were touched on tangentially in a way that would have raised obvious questions for who gave any thought at all to the matter, which the legislators clearly did. As an explanation of how we got to this point, “we couldn’t possibly have known” isn’t really a sufficient explanation, and neither is “the facts changed so I changed my mind”.
To begin, one of the first people to speak in the final Seanad debate was Craughwell himself. He was (as he acknowledges) emotional about the passage of the bill, and regretted only that it had gone further. Emphasis in this and in all other passages is mine:
I feel extremely emotional as we draw this debate to a close. In a way we have had a great success today, but at the same time we have had a tremendous failure. I feel deeply sorry for the people in the Visitors Gallery tonight who had expected great things from us but who will walk away with heavy hearts. The Minister of State has done the best he can, for which I commend him. I am delighted that the Bill will pass. Alas and alack, like so many other things in this country, it will be revisited time and again. It will be tweaked, moved around and discussed, but people will shy away from it when it comes due for review. Not everybody is as brave and as strong as the Minister of State and the Tánaiste. Unfortunately, when the review time comes around I do not know whether either the Minister or I will be in this House, or any other House in this building. If the Minister of State is here, he will drive it as best he can and if I am here, I will also drive the review and try to bring the Bill closer to what our guests in the Visitors Gallery believe they sought.
I compliment all of my colleagues who spoke on the Bill. No one said anything against it. I compliment the Minister of State for bringing it to the House.
This point was echoed by Deputy Kevin Humphreys, the Minister of State who brought the Act before the Seanad. In doing so he explicitly highlighted that there were implications for the education system:
There is an element of education, of making people aware and of acknowledging that there are issues in the education system and society. It is important to recognise all citizens as equals. This work will be built on in the future; it is important and ground-breaking.
Again, the point here is not my own feelings about the law itself, or to dunk on someone changing their mind. But the above extract reflects an understanding found consistently throughout the debates - that the Act was a first step in a wider social change, not an end point; that any law passed should be expanded and liberalised in future, and that this expansion would be carried out through civic society groups and the state.
The mention of the education system makes it clear that the anticipated changes to the law were understood as having implications for children as well as adults. The rest of the debates reflect that: the final Seanad debate contains 29 references to “child”, and 62 to “children”. As an example of what was discussed, Senator Averil Power noted her dissatisfaction at the limited availability of Gender Recognition Certificates to children.
Power: I do not understand how the Minister of State could possibly think that it is not in the best interests of child if, to take the example of a 15 year old, he or she knows his or her true gender identity, his or her parents support him or her and want to have this recognised by the State and a judge could also be satisfied that this is in the young person's best interests.
A proposed amendment related to this aspect failed to pass, but the Minister of State sought to reassure Power and others by highlighting the extensive work being done in schools:
We are all concerned about the lived experience of transgender children in schools. I will confirm three relevant points on which we have worked over a period to improve the lived experience of transgender children in the school system… the Minister for Education and Skills, Deputy Jan O'Sullivan, recently met the parents of transgender children and has agreed to meet the Transgender Equality Network Ireland, TENI, over the next couple of weeks to discuss the lived experience of such children in schools and what policy options may be open. Third, following on from the meeting with TENI, the Minister is happy to convene a round-table discussion with all the educational partners on this topic. That will allow for the issues faced by transgender children and young people to be discussed in detail with the management bodies, with trade union representatives, students and parents. I trust this information is helpful.
What we all want to achieve is that the lived experience of children at school, complex as it is because of the school system we inherited over decades, is as positive as possible.
There is certainly no sense anywhere in the debates that a reasonable member of the public could have any level of concern with any of this stuff; or that if they did that their concerns were of any interest to the legislators.
That’s the Seanad; the Dáil for their part were no more inquisitive. And the turnaround from Senator Craughwell is nothing in comparison to that of Willie O’Dea.
O’Dea is a Fianna Fail TD for Limerick City, and it is within his constituency that Limerick Prison falls. This prison has been in the headlines lately because of the Barbie Kardashian case. When a group of women protested outside the Dáil carrying signs saying “No Males in Women’s Jails” O’Dea stopped by to show his support. How did O’Dea understand the legislation was making its way through the Oireachtas?
The record is particularly relevant because O’Dea was the first member of government to speak upon the introduction of the bill for its final reading in the Dáil. As such he was required not merely to assent to its passing but advocate for it; and that’s what he did, forcefully.
O’Dea was bullish on what he saw as the risk-free introduction of self-ID without any medical confirmation; and was very dismissive of any worries about the impact of this change:
Countries like Argentina and Denmark have allowed for self-determination. Malta, which is hardly an outstanding example of a democratic liberal democracy, is also proceeding in that direction. What has happened in those countries? Has the sky fallen in? Have their national debts doubled suddenly? Have they been reduced to a wasteland? No, what has happened is that vulnerable young people can now benefit from legislation which will in many cases alleviate their suffering during the period between when they realise they are living in the wrong gender and when they can get their gender officially recognised. Even that much maligned organisation, the HSE, which is hardly a bastion of liberalism, recognises that self-determination is the appropriate approach. I cannot for the life of me understand why the Government chose to ignore what other countries have done and what its own chief adviser in these matters, the HSE, recommends. The requirement for a professional medical examination seems to stigmatise people who are gender transitioning because it implies that such people need a third party to tell them who they are. Surely the individuals themselves are best placed to decide that.
Continuing this last point, he saved his deepest condemnation for those who believed medical professionals could play any role in gatekeeping how someone could legally identify, a belief he described as “paternalistic and condescending”:
Those under the age of 16 years are left in limbo. In many cases, people recognise the fact that they belong to a different gender at a very young age. In these cases, individual's experiences between the point where he or she realises he or she is the wrong gender and turning 16 years, or 18 years as will usually be the case, can be very difficult and potentially leave lasting scars. I will not refer to particular cases but the Minister of State, Deputy Kevin Humphreys, knows what I am speaking about. Why should somebody who has already transitioned have to wait until turning 16 years or, more likely, 18 years before the State recognises his or her true identity? It is paternalistic and condescending. It is not as if every six or seven year old in the country is going to rush to a registrar to get a gender transition certificate. Surely that is a matter their parents will take up, and it is certainly not something that would be done lightly. People will not take this step unless they genuinely feel they are in a different gender.
The one issue that isn’t raised anywhere that I can see is the impact of the Act on single-sex spaces. Neither biological sex gets mentioned much: in the Dáil record, the word “man” is used once, and the terms “men”, “woman” and “women” not at all. For the final Seanad debate, the term “women” was used once, but that’s it.
However the lack of focus on biological sex is not sufficient to explain why the issues weren’t discussed. All the concerns that arise in relation to single sex spaces are downstream from the Act's implicit adoption of “Gender Identity” as the correct way of looking at issues relating to sex. This in turn is what facilitates the Act’s version of self-ID. All of that *was* discussed.
Once you accept the philosophical proposition of Gender Identity and allow for Self-ID, it obviously creates tensions in existing arrangements in how the sexes interact. It may be that one feels such tensions represent a tiny number of edge cases that shouldn’t be given priority over the expansion of civil rights embodied by the Act. I understand that perspective. But the whole point of an extensive legislative process is to flush those kinds of dilemmas out and resolve them if possible.
Willie O’Dea isn’t the only politician whose stance on this issue has changed without admitting it. When Leo Varadkar was asked about the Kardashian case (by Gript: no mainstream outlet has the nerve), he first claimed ignorance, then indicated that the Act should be revised to ensure the matter could not reoccur.
Varadkar finishes his response to the question by saying “if the situation which arose in Scotland has now arisen in Ireland…” (He was referring here to the Isla Bryson case). It’s worth lingering over that sentence, because it reflects a really breathtaking level of disingenuousness on Varadkar’s part. He knows very well that treating someone in line with their legally declared identity - which is what happened in the Kardashian case - is not an unforeseeable side-effect of the Act: it’s a reflection that the Act is functioning exactly in line with its core purpose. His evasiveness is reflective of a wider evasiveness on the part of the legacy parties when it comes to owning the radical nature of the GRA and their support for that radicalism to date. Lots of activists were annoyed with him about that and they were right to be.
Compared to Varadkar and O’Dea, the least you can say about Craughwell is that he admits he’s changed his mind. The other two have switched from frothing Jacobins to timid counter-revolutionaries and have given no indication as to how they explain this change.
So, finishing up - what accounts for the change between 2015 and today? If legislators could reasonably have foreseen that the Act would get them into political trouble, how come that’s not reflected in the debates?
As I have noted above, the tone of the final debates is strikingly emotional with lots of references to families the legislators spoke to, people who have shared their experiences and activist groups who humanised the issues at hand. I believe this is sincere. But my sense is that while debating and discussing the Act, legislators relied heavily on representative groups who created a kind of emotional pressure cooker in which it was tricky to raise reservations without being seen as hard-hearted, bigoted or losing status amongst your colleagues and the media. I think lots of the legislators knew about issues like single-sex spaces but didn’t have the courage to press them.
I’ve probably over-emphasised the importance of activists in the Irish political system in the past. But I think it’s definitely true that on matters of social liberalisation, the “interested parties” who feed into a piece of legislation tend almost exclusively to be committed activists on the left side of the spectrum. Technical experts (the debates are suffused with references to them) are essential, but as humans they are drawn from the same social class and milieu as the activists. They often view their expertise first through the prism of that value system, which can make the expert view and the activist one more or less interchangeable.
Stepping back, it’s important to remember the social context of 2015 when the debates took place. The death of Savita Halappanavar was still fresh in politicians minds, as was the campaign for the legalisation of Gay Marriage. I would guess they reflected on these events, and speculated that facilitating the passage of self-ID was a quick way of getting your face in the frame of a historic photo. In 50 years (they thought) people will think of this as the great civil rights victory of our time. Better to err on the side of doing too much than too little.
Again, this view was probably encouraged by the ocean of activist subject matter experts surrounding them, darkly warning of the social consequences of aligning themselves with “rights-hoarding dinosaurs” on the wrong side of history. I’m sure politicians were also encouraged to believe that passing an expansive version of the law was both risk-free and noble.
The thing is, it *is* kind of noble to fight a sincerely held moral position in the teeth of public opinion. If the strident Willie O’Dea of 2015 had held his ground, I could live with that. Public support for the GRA was and is uncertain - but that makes it doubly impressive that any legislator might have heard the evidence, weighed the decision and decided to (in his mind) draw a line in the sand in defence of a vulnerable group. Some things are more important than going up in the opinion polls. But that’s not what happened.
To summarise: it’s ok, good even, to change your mind. I think we can acknowledge that, while agreeing that this is not an optimal way of passing laws; that it would be better if people understood the nuances of legislation before voting for it. Or, to put that more accurately, that people felt they had the psychological breathing room, critical advice and/or personal courage to do that.
Every aspect of the GRA that is causing discomfort or confusion either could have been anticipated and worked through; or actually was anticipated, and was dismissed without critical assessment. This includes the adoption of the philosophy of Gender Identity as the way our state understands men and women and how they relate to each other, the desire to educate the public on this changed understanding and the law generally, the relevance of the law (or not) for children, the impact on single-sex spaces for women, and the intention to use the law as a base from which to press for further change.
None of this is to argue against the law itself or any individual change in it, only against the process in which it was decided, a process that failed all parties in some way. It’s not good that people who had concerns about the profound and radical cultural shift contained in the GRA weren’t given a full hearing; but it’s also not good that extravagant promises were made to others about the future of the GRA as it became law, only for those promises silently recanted once the heat was on.
I don’t think it’s fair to blame partisan activists for that failure. It’s not their job to ensure their ideological opponents get airtime, and it’s not their problem that we’ve created a system in which that doesn’t happen with certain topics. That’s a problem for the wider public, and in political terms, for Fianna Fáil and Fine Gael as the closest thing we have to non-activist parties. On cultural issues, who knows what FF and FG’s values are, who they advocate for, what they actually want? A quiet life, the esteem of the right sort of person, and the chance to move up in the world, I suspect. If that was ever enough, it’s not anymore, so they may want to figure out a more robust, defensible way of deliberating on these kinds of decisions before events overtake them. | <urn:uuid:e38fddc9-493d-4552-91c1-4bf384cacc3c> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.conorfitzgerald.com/p/the-lifecycle-of-an-ally | 2024-04-13T21:58:56Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.978495 | 3,938 | 4,234 |
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Caregivers Out Loud
How can you build a healthier relationship with death and dying that will benefit both caregiver and recipient?
Aaron Yukich is an end-of-life doula, mindfulness practitioner, and hospice care worker. In his work with the Family Caregivers of BC Caregiver Support Line, Aaron incorporates meaning-making and self-reflection into his sessions with caregivers, helping them uncover new ways to provide support to their care recipients without overlooking their own well-being.
The end-of-life process has many varied aspects. Aaron helps caregivers navigate this intricate spiritual and emotional experience with grace, through activities and mindsets that can offer comfort and even joy. He also guides them in practical considerations, such as establishing often-overlooked financial and personal mental health support structures.
Aaron shares his holistic perspective on providing end-of-life care:
- Moving through the transition from palliative to hospice care
- Resources for addressing the impacts of caring for a care recipient
- Imbuing the time your loved one has left with more meaning
- Considering death and dying through a lens of celebration and reflection as well as grief
Follow and Subscribe to Listen
- Death doesn’t have to be something that’s hidden away in a bedroom or that needs to be in a hospital or in a residential facility. It can be at home and the person that’s dying can be celebrated while they’re still alive. And they can be really in the middle of things. it invites families and the care recipient to come together and reflect on one’s life and what has been meaningful to that person in their life and how do they want to capture that in a way that their family can appreciate going forward. And family members can be a part of this as well.
- This is something that we always encourage family caregivers to do, is to make sure they’re a part of those conversations, so that they know what’s going on. Because they are the ones that are there on the ground all the time and they really know their loved one or their care recipient best.
- I think it’s worth looking at both sides of the picture. So we have what are the meaning-making activities, that we’re focusing more on the care recipient, but also perhaps more so later on, what are the activities that are going to be helpful for the caregivers, for the family members, the friends?
- United Way Better at Home – https://betterathome.ca/
- Island Health Dementia Video Series – https://www.islandhealth.ca/learn-about-health/seniors/dementia-video-series
- BC Centre for Palliative Care: www.bc-cpc.ca
- Discover a local hospice – https://www.chpca.ca/listings/
- Canadian Virtual Hospice care information and assistance – https://www.virtualhospice.ca/
- Hospice resources with a cultural focus – https://livingmyculture.ca/
- Navigating the End of Life: A Road Map for Caregivers webinar – https://www.familycaregiversbc.ca/archives/video/navigating-the-end-of-life-a-road-map-for-caregivers
- Finding Peace at the End of Life: A Death Doula’s Guide for Families and Caregivers by Henry Fersko-Weiss (2020 edition) – https://bookshop.org/p/books/finding-peace-at-the-end-of-life-a-death-doula-s-guide-for-families-and-caregivers-henry-fersko-weiss/13032460?ean=9781590035023
- Caring for the Dying: The Doula Approach to a Meaningful Death by Henry Fersko-Weiss (2017 edition) – https://www.amazon.ca/Caring-Dying-Doula-Approach-Meaningful/dp/1573246964
- BC Grief and Bereavement Society lists of support groups and other helps for BC residents (also some options are across Canada) Support Groups & Events | BC Bereavement Helpline (bcbh.ca). Contact the Helpline at 604-738-9950 and Toll-Free 1-877-779-2223
- TalkDeath – Death Positive, Grief and Bereavement Resources – www.talkdeath.com
- Family Caregivers of BC Caregiver Support Line: 1-877-520-3267 (Monday through Friday 8:30am to 4pm PT)
Connect With Us!
- Family Caregivers of BC Website
- Visit us in person at #6 – 3318 Oak Street, Victoria, BC, V8X 1R1. Hours are Monday through Friday, 8:30 am to 4:00 pm
- Telephone: (250) 384-0408
- Toll-Free Line Within BC: 1-877-520-3267
- Email: [email protected]
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[MUSIC IN // INTRO]
VOICE-OVER: You’re listening to “Caregivers Out Loud”, powered by Family Caregivers of British Columbia and hosted by Bill Israel.
BILL: Everyone copes in their own way with shocking news impacting their life. The reaction may depend on age, family situation, cultural background, and spiritual beliefs. As caregivers, we advocate and provide a voice for our care recipients, especially when going through the death and dying process. In our era of medical and information culture, we must remember the important layer of the non-cognitive and spiritual aspects of end-of-life care, that requires a human touch. When entering this death and dying territory of hospice and palliative care, having someone along your side who understands the process is valuable.
Meet Aaron Yukich, who is passionate about empowering caregivers and their recipients to create care plans and support systems that uphold their dignity and sense of autonomy, while honouring their unique cultural traditions, belief systems and lived experience.
When you call the family caregivers of BC Caregiver Support Line, you might reach Aaron, who draws on his training as an end-of-life doula mindfulness practitioner and time spent working in hospice care. Aaron also encourages you to invite presence, self reflection and meaning making into your caregiving relationships. We sat down with Aaron so we could chat first about the distinction between hospice and palliative care.
AARON: Today, the one time that I see palliative kind of used on its own is more about what’s happening on the medical side of things. So when there is a palliative diagnosis, there’s usually some sort of prognosis that’s given of that you have this many months or this many years left to live. And I guess there’s a focus on managing symptoms as best as one can during this time. There may still be some curative measures that are attempted. But then, when it comes to hospice, I guess traditionally that was often reserved more to perhaps the last weeks of life and some people may think more of hospice being limited to like, a residential setting. But I think, yeah, there’s been a lot of evolution where we now have the term hospice palliative care being used kind of together like that. And that now extending to a much longer period of time. So once that palliative diagnosis is there, then people often becoming eligible for hospice services or or, hospice palliative care, which no longer just needs to happen in a residential facility in the final weeks, but can happen a year away from death, and can happen at home in the community and can include more supportive services. And then definitely hospice, I would say is what’s bringing in a lot more of the emotional, social and spiritual aspects of care and not just looking strictly at the pain and symptom management through conventional medical means.
BILL: Sure. In which I differentiate the palliative from the hospice is that as you said, there’s still a curative hope with palliative, that perhaps the disease or whatever it is can be postponed or alleviated in some way. And that there is, what I call a spiritual bridge that gets crossed, where the curative no longer is a reality. But my question here is about the kind of experience people have of the word hospice. Because often they have a fear about, if I’m going to the hospice, that means I will now die immediately. Have you had that experience of people kind of resisting?
AARON: Yeah, definitely. I think even with my role here at Family Caregivers of BC, you know, speaking with some family members that have just found out that their loved one, you know, has a terminal illness. And when I make the suggestion of you may want to consider reaching out to a hospice right away, they think oh, we’re not there yet, but the reality is that, yeah, hospice is often about bringing more meaning to the time that’s left. and that can exist in many different ways. It’s not about, you know, being confined to a bed in a residence. It’s about what sort of services and what sort of companionship and community can you build around you in this last, just these last months or this last year to make the time as meaningful as possible.
BILL: Yeah, that’s a very interesting distinction. I like that, that the hospice experience is about meaning making now and maybe we can chat a little bit more, detail about it, so what does that mean?
AARON: You know, a big thing today is really honouring the fact that death doesn’t have to be something that’s hidden away in a bedroom or that needs to be in a hospital or in a residential facility. It can be at home and the person that’s dying can be celebrated while they’re still alive. And they can be really in the middle of things. It invites families and the care recipient to come together and use that as a time for finding meaning, for doing reflective exercises. You know, there’s things like doing life review and legacy work, creative exercises to kind of reflect on one’s life and what has been meaningful to that person in their life and how do they want to capture that in a way that their family can appreciate going forward. And family members can be a part of this as well.
BILL: I work with this program with Family Caregivers. It’s a journal writing process. And the author of the process itself had a fascinating almost a motto, about caregiving, that while death ends a life, it never ends a relationship. So that as a palliative care hospice connection gets made, a lot of times the caregiver encounters their own mortality and the relationship with their care recipient. Let’s talk a little bit about that. When you cross that bridge that now we are in the meaning process of the end of one’s life. Any household hints about how, as I sign up for hospice and get the palliative care treatment, how does that impact the caregiver to begin to understand that I’m on this trip with my care recipient?
AARON: Oftentimes through the health authority, there will be a palliative care interdisciplinary team that you will be connected with. So you’ll have nursing, ah, a doctor, physiotherapist, occupational therapists, perhaps a nutritionist. These type of people that can come to the home, and the home care support that the care recipient needs in terms of help with their activities of daily living, with bathing and that type of thing. So, you know, you can expect those supports to become available at varying degrees depending on where they are on their palliative trajectory and yeah, I just really strongly encourage family caregivers, to ensure that they’re a part of that team, so that the health authority team, actively engage the family caregiver in meetings and care plan review and that type of thing. But this is something that we always encourage family caregivers to do, is to make sure they’re a part of those conversations, so that they know what’s going on. Because they are the ones that are there on the ground all the time and they really know their loved one or their care recipient best I think it’s really important that they recognize that that’s an opportunity for them to have their voice, in that discussion.
BILL– When you’re a part of these conversations and a part of that team, you begin to understand that in both the palliative care process as well as the hospice experience, they’re deeply connected through your own fears about the meaning of life – and the responsibility you have for enabling your care recipient to move through this process.
Less is more when it comes to connecting with and, um, meeting these apprehensive feelings. Even as you are listening to this podcast, simply stop for a moment and be with the natural flow of your breath, observing your breath for even 30 seconds. Every little break you can do to try and coax yourself back into being a little more present and a little more still, that makes you more available for yourself and more available for your care recipient.
Part of Aaron’s role at Family Caregivers of BC is to recognize when the caregiver starts to cross the bridge from palliative care into hospice. This shift in thinking requires the caregiver to abandon the curative thing now and work toward meaning, which is delicate and hard to do. This requires the courage to invite people into this very private space, this very intimate space of not only some of the physicality that we’re engaged in, looking after your care recipient, but the spiritual nature of it, that there are relationship issues here that we are treading on very lightly. And Erin helps facilitate this process. And yet it’s the courage to ask, to have these conversations is what’s. Important.
AARON: You know, and sometimes just opening that side of yourself and what you’re experiencing, to be able to have that conversation with someone like one of our staff here with the caregiver support line that’s part of what we’re here for. We’re here to hear your experience. We’re here to be present with what you’re going through
BILL: Sure, not judge it.
AARON: And not judge it and you know, validate that this is hard and that this is a lot, but that we’re here to stand by you as you go through it. I don’t think that anyone can do it alone. not only is it a lot, emotionally, but just the physical demands, often the 24 hours care that needs to be there, especially later on, in, the illness, help is needed. And so just, we want to make sure that you do have the supports that are available to you. We want to make sure that you are connected with the health authority and that you’re receiving care at home through the health authority. And if that’s not enough, we want to make you aware of what other options are there, you know, there’s other, initiatives, such know, you know, there’s Better at Home, which is delivered through United Way that offers a lot of free or subsidized supports for seniors, you know, help with shopping or going to appointments, things like that. These are the types of extra services that we want to make sure family caregivers are aware of. We want to make sure that you have the financial supports that you may be eligible for if you need to step away from work. We want to make sure you know, whether there’s certain EI benefits that support caregivers for periods of time, all of these types of things. And, yeah, oftentimes we do encourage, uh, caregivers to find someone that can support them specifically at an emotional level. So that may mean, uh, having some counseling support, which is nothing to be ashamed of, and it’s something that can allow them to lighten their emotional burden to some degree, to be able to continue to provide for their care recipients. So all of these things are not signs of failure. They’re signs of you taking time for yourself so that you are more available to support the person you care about. You know, we always promote the peer support groups that we have at family caregivers. Ours aren’t necessarily focused on end of life, but definitely a lot of people are experiencing significant illness and may have palliative prognoses that do attend our group. So there are groups that we offer here, but also I definitely recommend exploring what’s available through local hospices that may be near you, connecting with. They may have a social worker on staff, or they may have their own counsellors and just connecting with that avenue to see what services they can support you with.
BILL: So are there any other sort of meaning making activities that come to your mind as we’re in hospice now, for example, of the sort of things that are not invasive, but enable, a communication between me and my care recipient, in spite of maybe some, Dementia or Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, whatever that enables me to stay in the room.
AARON: Yeah, I think it’s going to depend on the scenario and the level of engagement and the level of cognition that’s still present. for those that are still able, I did briefly mention before, you know, doing things like Life Review and Legacy Work. So Life Review could be maybe journaling their stories, some of their most meaningful experiences from their life, things that they want to recount, and Legacy Work, that could be something as simple as making a scrapbook together, or finding anything that’s kind of most meaningful for the care recipient and transforming that into some sort of creative project. It can be as simple as they are able, if it’s just recording their story, or is it, uh, you know, collecting Grandma’s favourite recipes and making a book out of that. Situations where maybe they are a bit more advanced with their illness and not able to engage in those same ways, perhaps then you can be the one that’s sharing the stories to them.
Or in the case of Dementia, I keep thinking back to this study that was done where they showed that people with very advanced Dementia, if you played music for them, that was the music from their youth, from their 20s, that sometimes it would actually awaken them out of the depths of their Dementia and they would become more animated again. Little things like that, that can be quite meaningful, and I think it’s worth looking at both sides of the picture. So we have, you know, what are the meaning making activities that we’re focusing more on the care recipient, but also perhaps more so later on. What are the activities that are going to be helpful for the caregivers, for the family members, the friends? Maybe when we’re getting to the time of death, there’s other things that might come in know, maybe certain rituals, things like bathing the body, things to help you kind of integrate the experience.
BILL: Are there any other things, in terms of the role you have here at Family Caregivers of British Columbia, Aaron, that you would advise for the caregivers who are listening, about the resources that are available here you’ve mentioned some of them so far?
AARON: You know, the one thing you mentioned, there Dementia. So, just as an, you know, here on Vancouver Island Island Health, they have put together an excellent video series, for caregivers, “Caring for People with Dementia”, that kind of walks you through all the things to expect along the way. So resources like that are super helpful. But, yeah, getting more into hospice related things, aside from connecting with a local hospice, there’s also really great, online resources. There’s virtualhospice.ca, which is an excellent resource for exploring all sorts of topics related to caring for people at end-of-life. They have kind of a partner website, livingmyculture.ca, which explores indigenous and multicultural perspectives around end-of-life and then, yeah, there’s some great books out there. I know one that we have here in the office at Family Caregivers of BC, we have a caregiver’s guide, a handbook about end-of-life care. And then for those that want to maybe explore, some more, even more holistic approaches, I did briefly mention earlier, like The End of Life Doula model, there are some great books on that topic. One, in particular that I think really moved me when, I got into this work. There’s one called “Caring for the Dying: The Doula Approach to a Meaningful Death”. That was a very deeply moving book that kind of moves you through from creating a care plan, to doing legacy work, to you know, holding vigil, to supporting family through grief, all these types of things, super helpful to learn from the experience of people that have done this, in some cases many times.
BILL: The book that Aaron mentioned, is by author Henry Fersko-Weiss. In 2020, a new edition was published with the updated title “Finding Peace at the End of Life: A Death Doula’s Guide for Families and Caregivers”. As always, all the resources mentioned in our podcast episodes, including the two books, are linked in our show notes, which you can find on your podcast listening app or on our website.
BILL: As we come to a close with Aaron, and reflect on caregiving as a society, how can we develop a more healthy relationship with death and dying?
AARON: These are things that in many traditional cultures would have existed as an intrinsic part of the culture, as an intrinsic part of the family system. You would have had extended families living together where members of the family would be able to care for, the elders, this type of thing. But, yeah, our society is different now we typically, all, adults in the household often have to work full time jobs and don’t have that time to provide that care. To some degree, we’ve lost touch, with that natural kind of tradition, of supporting the dying. So I think we’ve lost touch as well, with the normalcy of it. We need to keep that conversation going. We need to be comfortable with using the word death ah, talking about dying and not make it something hush hush that needs to happen behind closed doors. We need to make it visible, and we need to celebrate the people that are dying. We don’t need to wait until their funeral to have a celebration of life. Let’s have it while they’re still alive. Let’s have it every day for their last few months. there’s this line that I find myself saying lately, but I feel like it’s very to the point, which is, let’s recognize that it doesn’t only take a village to raise a child, but it takes a village to care for people that are sick and people that are dying.
[MUSIC DEVELOPS // OUTRO]
VOICE-OVER: Thank you for listening to “Caregivers Out Loud”, powered by Family Caregivers of British Columbia and hosted by Bill Israel. Produced and sound edited by Organized Sound Productions. We acknowledge the financial support of the Province of British Columbia and the BC Ministry of Health – Patients as Partners Initiative.
If you like what you’re hearing, discover more episodes, and find more caregiving resources at familycaregiversbc.ca. And if you find these episodes helpful, please share them with your family and friends who may find it enlightening to hear these stories.
Finally, don’t forget to subscribe to our show on your favourite podcast listening app, so you can take us with you wherever you go. Thank you for listening and taking the time to learn and care for yourself with other caregivers, out loud. | <urn:uuid:6807477c-a374-4f60-8853-bf3030ecc2ab> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.familycaregiversbc.ca/podcast/episode-21-a-contemporary-approach-to-palliative-and-hospice-care-for-family-caregivers-and-their-recipients | 2024-04-13T23:04:13Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.966745 | 5,276 | 5,541 |
30 Best Frozen Pizzas, Ranked by Deliciousness
Pizza. Pie. 'Za. However you refer to it, that rounded goodness is one of our favorite foods to chow down on almost anytime. It’s always a fun experience to head out to your local pizza parlor, but sometimes, you’re at home and just want to heat up some tomato-and-crust-based goodness. (Or you’re lazy.)
There are tons of frozen pizza brands out there to choose from, so it’s really hard to figure out which ones are worthy of your Saturday night. But we’ve got your back! We selected 30 of the best frozen pizzas out there, with some help from “pizza expert” sites, word of mouth as well as good old-fashioned staff picks.
What’s your favorite home-based slice?
Why Totino’s Classic Pepperoni Party Pizza Is One of the Best
Sometimes, when you have a group of your buddies over — and especially if there’s beer involved — you really can’t afford to be terribly picky about your choices. Enter Totino's Classic Pepperoni Party Pizza, which, though its mozzarella is “imitation” (whatever that means), still packs quite a flavorful punch.
This is one of those frozen pizza choices that is perfect for grab-and-go, particularly if there’s a football game or boxing match on the TV. It may not be as gourmet as other pies you’ll encounter on this list, but this entry from Totino’s delivers precisely what it promises.
29. Thin Crust Quattro Formaggi
Key ingredients: Mozzarella cheese, asiago cheese, parmesan cheese, provolone cheese
Why Classico's Thin Crust Quattro Formaggi Is One of the Best
This Neapolitan-style pizza is perfect for the cheese-loving crowd, and the Quattro Formaggi will satiate the appetite of one or even two diners. This pie packs a nicely modulated flavor profile and cuts up into pieces rather beautifully.
Oh, and cheese … so much wonderful cheese!
28. Naturally Rising Crust Pepperoni
Key ingredients: Pepperoni made with pork, chicken and beef; enriched flour; yeasts; low-moisture part-skim mozzarella and parmesan cheeses; dried garlic
Why Freschetta's Naturally Rising Crust Pepperoni Is One of the Best
The good folks at Freschetta take pride in how their yeasts give the pizza dough some serious lift when placed in the oven at 400 degrees for a good 20 to 25 minutes. The garlic-crusted bread helps this natural (and delicious!) process happen, and the added pepperoni and cheeses add up to some serious pizza goodness.
Oh, and, at 330 calories per slice, it won’t expand your beltline too much either.
27. Crispy Thin Crust BBQ Chicken Pizza
Brand: California Pizza Kitchen
Key ingredients: BBQ-seasoned grilled white-meat chicken, red onions, mozzarella, tangy BBQ sauce
Why California Pizza Kitchen's Crispy Thin Crust BBQ Chicken Pizza Is One of the Best
Many of our friends out west rave about California Pizza Kitchen (or CPK, in the local lingo), causing folks on the East Coast to cry foul. However, take it from us that CPK’s offerings are indeed legit, including their Thin Crust BBQ Chicken Pizza.
It’s a delightful flavor experience with the onions creating a really cool counterpoint to the tangy BBQ sauce that is seasoning the chicken. It all adds up to some great pizza power — to quote those ‘za-loving Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles.
26. Organic Goat Cheese and Beet Sauce Ultra-Thin Crust Pizza
Brand: Simple Truth
Key ingredients: Organic goat cheese, organic beetroot sauce, organic creme fraiche
Why Simple Truth's Organic Goat Cheese and Beet Sauce Ultra-Thin Crust Pizza Is One of the Best
The world of pizza lovers can be pretty much divided into purists and experimentals. Simple Truth’s Organic Goat Cheese & Beet Sauce Ultra-Thin Crust Pizza falls clearly in the latter category, what with its promise of organic ingredients that include crème fraiche.
That may sound a little bit too French for a cuisine that originated in Italy, but don’t forget that you’re in America, where not just our people but our foods meld together to fashion something entirely new and bold. Including pizza!
25. Let's Go Halfsies
Key ingredients: Cauliflower crust, brown-rice flour, white-rice flour, natural uncured pepperoni
Why Caulipower's Let's Go Halfsies Is One of the Best
Those debates about gluten are so frequent that there must have been at least one or two enterprising pizza makers who thought, “Hmm, what if we used cauliflower in the crust?!”
Some of us don’t believe cauliflower should ever be anywhere near pizza, but don’t knock it 'til you try it. The Let's Go Halfsies pizza is also perfect for a house divided between vegetarians and meat lovers. Just so long as the meat doesn’t encroach across the line of scrimmage — or vice versa.
24. Roasted Garlic and Pesto Pizza with Deep Fried Crust
Brand: Trader Joe's
Key ingredients: Burrata cheese, provolone cheese, pesto sauce, garlic, sunflower seed oil
Why Trader Joe’s Roasted Garlic and Pesto Pizza with Deep Fried Crust Is One of the Best
Notice how cleverly the marketers at Trader Joe’s put the bit about the deep-fried crust at the end of the name? Maybe that’s to surprise you — or perhaps it’s the exclamation point that will seal the deal for experimental pizza gourmands.
TJ’s claims that they worked with a Sicilian pizza chef when the chain conjured this recipe – and that deep-fried business certainly adds a Yankee spin. However you twirl the idea of this pizza pie, it’s some delicious stuff.
RELATED: 60 Products for Your Next Trader Joe's Haul
23. Cauliflower Crust Uncured Pepperoni Pizza
Key ingredients: Premium uncured pepperoni, cauliflower crust, turbinado sugar, natural hardwood smoked sugar, Roma tomato pizza sauce
Why Milton's Cauliflower Crust Uncured Pepperoni Pizza Is One of the Best
Yep, cauliflower is back again, specifically in the crust for those who might be allergic to gluten, which is found in so many other pizza crusts.
And given that the pepperoni from Milton’s is much in evidence on this pie, it’s not like it’s veggie or anything. Expand your mind and dig in!
22. Gluten Free Uncured Pepperoni Pizza
Brand: Trader Joe’s
Key ingredients: Bell peppers, black olives, red onion, pepperoni
Why Trader Joe’s Gluten Free Uncured Pepperoni Pizza Is One of the Best
Here’s another groovy pizza option for those with a gluten allergy. After all, food science has come quite a ways, so if you didn’t realize that the crust of this TJ pie didn’t have bread in it, we’d wager you wouldn’t even notice.
Give it a try for yourself, at least to let the flavor profile give your tummy a reason to cheer. The pepperoni will certainly help if you’re struggling with the cauliflower-crust bit!
21. Margherita Stone-Fired Crust Pizza
Key ingredients: Cauliflower crust, baking powder, tomato paste, granulated garlic, low-moisture part skim mozzarella cheese
Why Caulipower's Margherita Stone-Fired Crust Pizza Is One of the Best
OK, so there are quite a few gluten-free frozen pizzas out there nowadays, which is why the Caulipower company decided to one-up the game by stone-firing their cauliflower crust. As incredible as it might seem, once you pop this gluten-free bad boy into your home oven for a good 15 minutes, the cauliflower crust should be nearly restaurant quality.
Try it for yourself, and get back to us.
20. Deep Dish Singles Cheese Pizza
Brand: Red Baron
Key ingredients: Low-moisture part skim mozzarella and parmesan cheese, cheddar cheese, provolone cheese, dried garlic
Why Red Baron's Deep Dish Singles Cheese Pizza Is One of the Best
If you can’t get to Chicago for some genuine deep-dish action, you could do far worse than Red Baron’s Singles Cheese Pizza, which contains not one but two approximations of Chicago-style pie in every package.
This requires some extra attention on your part when it comes to heating up the pie: Make sure to bake it at 375 degrees for a good 22 minutes; otherwise, you might not get the internal heat to the precise temperature to enjoy your deep dish.
19. Four-Cheese Pizza Rising Crust
Brand: Good & Gather
Key ingredients: Asiago cheese, parmesan cheese, romano cheese, low-moisture part skim mozzarella cheese
Why Good & Gather's Four-Cheese Pizza Rising Crust Is One of the Best
Is there anything more satisfying than peering into a heated oven as the pizza crust slowly rises, almost like it’s alive or something? For such fun (yes, we said fun), be sure to try out Good & Gather’s Four-Cheese Pizza Rising Crust, what with its extraordinary mix of mozzarella, romano, parmesan and asiago cheese blends.
Even better, Good & Gather doesn’t bother with artificial preservatives, meaning that they care about the quality of the Four-Cheese Pizza when you make it at home.
18. Margherita Stone-Fired Crust
Brand: Newman’s Own
Key ingredients: Extra virgin olive oil, sea salt, buffalo mozzarella cheese, extra virgin olive oil, basil leaves
Why Newman’s Own's Margherita Stone-Fired Crust Is One of the Best
It’s hard to believe that Paul Newman has been gone for nearly 15 years, but the legacy he started by donating profits of his food brand continues to live on today.
And that’s great news for a pizzaphile like you, as you can simultaneously do some good for other people while chowing down on this margarita pizza that comes with a stone-fired crust. Here’s to you, Paul!
17. Rising Crust Uncured Pepperoni
Brand: 365 by Whole Foods Market
Key ingredients: Uncured pepperoni, mozzarella cheese, oregano
Why 365 by Whole Foods Market's Rising Crust Uncured Pepperoni Is One of the Best
The miracle of self-rising crust is one of the absolute best things about frozen pizzas, and as part of its 365 line, Whole Foods wants to ensure you know you can enjoy this varietal pretty much every day of the year, if you’re so inclined.
As with the rest of the items in their stock, this pizza comes with quality ingredients … though that also means you’ll be plopping down a bit of extra money for this pie. There’s a reason people joke about shopping at “Whole Paycheck.”
16. Stuffed Crust Chicken Bacon Ranch Rumble
Key ingredients: Ranch sauce, applewood smoked cooked bacon, bread crumbs, low-moisture part-skim mozzarella cheese
Why DiGiorno's Stuffed Crust Chicken Bacon Ranch Rumble Is One of the Best
The brand's tagline goes: “It’s Not Delivery, It’s Digiorno.” Hence this storied pizza-maker’s attempt to “deliver” to your home the best estimation of what parlor-made pie is like.
This Rumble pizza casts a rather wide net with intriguing flavors, including chicken, bacon and ranch dressing. Oh, and did we mention the stuffed crust here? No need to be shy when nudging your pals out of the way for that extra slice!
15. Original 5 Cheese Pizza Thin Crust
Key ingredients: Mozzarella, cheddar, parmesan, asiago, romano
Why Tombstone's Original 5 Cheese Pizza Thin Crust Is One of the Best
“What do you want on your Tombstone?” is the rather clever advertising slogan for this pizza brand. And Tombston’s Original 5 Cheese Pizza Thin Crust boasts a whopping pound of cheese, so it certainly lives up to its name, that’s for sure.
And if this is how you choose to leave this pizza-tastic world of ours, well, there are worse ways to go than a Tombstone.
14. Gluten-Free Spinach and Roasted Mushroom
Key ingredients: Whey, portabellini mushrooms, spinach, roasted garlic
Why Freschetta's Gluten-Free Spinach and Roasted Mushroom Is One of the Best
Not all pizzas have to have tomato sauce. Case in point: Freschetta’s Spinach and Roasted Mushroom, which is a rather cool “white” pizza that is also gluten-free.
Granted, at $28, it's definitely on the higher end of the price scale for frozen pizzas, even if you do get two pizzas. But at least you’ll be getting more than your fair share of your day’s vegetables. Right? Right?
13. Thin and Crispy Crust Supreme Pizza
Brand: Newman’s Own
Key ingredients: Cooked spicy Italian sausage with garlic, uncured pepperoni, low-moisture mozzarella cheese, bell peppers, onions
Why Newman’s Own's Thin and Crispy Crust Supreme Pizza Is One of the Best
The late Oscar-winning star never put his name on a product he didn’t believe in, and that’s as certain of pizza as any other Newman’s Own food staples. This pie is “supreme” in more ways than one, as it mixes up the meats with vegetables for a flavorous explosion.
And it’s rather easy to imagine “Fast” Eddie Felson, the pool hustler Newman played in two movies, chowing down on this delectable delicacy in between games.
12. Brick Oven Crust Pepperoni
Brand: Red Baron
Key ingredients: Pepperoni, enriched flour, smoke flavoring
Why Red Baron's Brick Oven Crust Pepperoni Is One of the Best
It’s been over a century since Manfred von Richthofen, better known as the Red Baron, terrorized the skies over Europe during the First World War. What would the German flying ace think of his nickname being borrowed for a flavor-tastic pepperoni pizza?
If there’s a pizza heaven, let’s be sure to ask — but meanwhile, down here on Earth, you could do far worse than the Brick Oven Crust Pepperoni.
11. Rising Crust Original Pepperoni
Key ingredients: Pepperoni, spices, low-moisture part-skim mozzarella cheese, tomato paste
Why DiGiorno's Rising Crust Original Pepperoni Is One of the Best
It’s hard to argue with the classics. DiGiorno has been working out its in-oven magic for decades, and there’s often a reason that the tried-and-true pizzas work so often for at-home preparation.
The aroma of the Rising Crust Original Pepperoni is part of what’s kept DiGiorno rocking the home market since 1995 — especially when it came to helping out the helpless in the kitchen.
10. Pepperoni Pizza
Key ingredients: Pepperoni, tomatoes, mozzarella cheese, smoke flavoring, garlic powder
Why Tony's Pepperoni Pizza Is One of the Best
Tony’s is so serious about its pizza that they insist on capping all of the letters in its brand name. They must be doing right, as their pepperoni pizza is an absolute delight. (No word on whether or not Tony actually exists.)
Oh, and the box claims to offer 25 percent more pizza than a competitor. Once their patented “crispy, crunchy crust” comes out of the oven, it’s chow time.
9. Bake and Rise Four Cheese Pizza
Key ingredients: Low-moisture part-skim mozzarella, parmesan, romano, asiago
Why Wegmans' Bake and Rise Four Cheese Pizza Is One of the Best
For those of you not privileged to live near a Wegmans, well, let’s just say you’re missing out. Especially when it comes to stocking up on frozen pizzas for your basement man cave (oh, just us?).
The Bake and Rise Four Cheese Pizza consistently rates as one of the best home-prepped cheese pizzas on the market, which is good news for pizza-loving vegetarians … and the bottom line of the Wegmans stock portfolio.
8. Barbecue Pizza
Key ingredients: Organic tofu, Monterey Jack cheese, organic tomato puree, red onions, spinach, garlic
Why Amy’s Barbecue Pizza Is One of the Best
For you pizza purists, we invite you to remain open to the possibility that a home-cooked frozen pizza can be delicious without the typical ingredients. Case in point is Amy’s Barbecue Pizza, a surprisingly delectable taste sensation whose main topping is (wait for it) tofu. Yep, tofu.
But soaking the tofu topping in Amy’s unique barbecue sauce ups the ante for this rather singular frozen pie.
7. Thin & Crispy Cauliflower Crust Pizza Margherita Four Cheese
Brand: Milton’s Craft Bakers
Key ingredients: Cauliflower crust, low-moisture part-skim mozzarella cheese, egg whites, rice flour, garlic powder, tomato sauce
Why Milton’s Craft Bakers' Thin and Crispy Cauliflower Crust Pizza Margherita Four Cheese Is One of the Best
By now, you’ve learned about the many gluten-free home pizza options for you to heat up and enjoy. Near the top of that list is this savory hunger solution from Milton’s Craft Bakers.
It pairs the aforementioned cauliflower crust with scrumptious margherita toppings for an absolutely out-of-the-park frozen pizza option. You won’t be sorry.
6. Homemade Brick Oven Crust Meat Trio Pizza
Key ingredients: Italian sausage, uncured pepperoni, uncured bacon, olive oil
Why Rao’s Homemade Brick Oven Crust Meat Trio Pizza Is One of the Best
And now here’s something else for you meat-lovers out there. Yep, you! Rao’s has been around for over a century, so they’ve had some time to refine their brick-oven crust. Rao’s prides itslef on its homemade tomato sauce, which pairs exquisitely with fresh basil on the Meat Trio pizza.
The best part is you can bring it all home for your pleasure and heat it up right there in your toaster oven.
5. White Crispy Thin Crust Pizza
Brand: California Pizza Kitchen
Key ingredients: Mozzarella, ricotta, parmesan, asiago, romano, spinach, garlic
Why California Pizza Kitchen's White Crispy Thin Crust Pizza Is One of the Best
Remember, not all pizzas have tomato sauce. CPK is well known for the quality of their ingredients, and for the White Crispy Thin Crust Pizza, get ready to tempt your tastebuds with the quintet of mozzarella, ricotta, parmesan, asiago and romano cheeses.
The pie has no artificial flavors, adding a dash of “healthiness” to the proceedings after 20 minutes baking at 400 degrees.
4. 4 Cheese Pizza
Key ingredients: Fontina, provolone, part-skim mozzarella and parmesan cheeses, organic extra virgin olive oil
Why Amy’s Pizza 4 Cheese Is One of the Best
Amy’s quatro formaggi is for serious turophiles (people who absolutely love cheese). And pizza fans!
On top of a bed of tomato sauce, fontina, provolone, parmesan and mozzarella make for a cheese-tastic kind of pie that, after 10 to 12 minutes at 425 degrees, brings forth a night of pizza dining not soon to be forgotten.
3. Margherita Pizza
Brand: Talia di Napoli
Key ingredients: Pomodoro sauce, mozzarella and parmesan cheeses, basil
Why Talia di Napoli's Margherita Pizza Is One of the Best
For those not familiar with Talia di Napoli, they make some of the most respected pizzas for home consumption. So much so that having one sent to your home costs (wait for it) up to and even over $100!
That’s only surprising until you realize that every one of Talia di Napoil’s pizzas is made in Italy and then shipped right to your door. But for those who love Talia di Napoli, it’s worth it, so start saving those nickels!
2. Bessie’s Revenge Cheese
Brand: Screamin’ Sicilian Pizza Co.
Key ingredients: Wisconsin mozzarella, pasteurized milk, enriched wheat flour, cheese cultures
Why Screamin’ Sicilian Pizza Co.'s Bessie’s Revenge Cheese Is One of the Best
Bessie was a notorious pizzamaker of ill repute, who disappeared one day but swore revenge upon “lesser” pizza makers. We wish that were true, as the real story behind Bessie’s Revenge is that she’s Screamin’ Sicilian Pizza Co.’s resident cow. But Bessie and her udders are working hard for you pizzaphiles, and her “revenge” is actually one of the best things that ever happened to frozen pizza. Bessie’s milk has been fashioned into mouth-watering Wisconsin mozzarella, which gives this pie a flavor boost well above the rest.
Now, it’s your turn to make up a story about Bessie!
1. Roadhouse Loaded Double Down Deluxe Pizza
Key ingredients: Premium pepperoni, Italian sausage, red and green peppers, caramelized onions, mozzarella cheese
Why Tombstone's Roadhouse Loaded Double Down Deluxe Pizza Is One of the Best
The Roadhouse comes up on so many best-of lists ranking frozen pizzas, and now it tops ours, too. One of the main reasons for its consistent praise is that, as a reasonable semblance of pizza-parlor goodness, the Louded Double Down Deluxe is arguably the best that’s out there for frozen home consumption.
It comes out of most home ovens piping hot, with a flavor explosion of peppers, onions, mozzarella, pepperoni and Italian sausage. Now, excuse us while we preheat our oven to 400 degrees! | <urn:uuid:7a903d37-5428-4d0e-ac6b-24e7ec183022> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.familyminded.com/s/best-frozen-pizza-b30ccd64e84f4766 | 2024-04-13T23:15:19Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.859426 | 5,137 | 5,918 |
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When a person win at a good online casino the money is instantly paid directly into your account and you will see your stability increase by typically the amount you’ve simply won. They pool a small gamble from each bet across a network of sites as one huge prize pot. Checkout some of the progressive jackpot feature slots below” “that have large payouts.
Different online casino games have got different payout prices and speeds, however, many are consistently better. Blackjack and video poker will have the nominal house edge of 1%, meaning you could anticipate more than a 99% go back during standard have fun in the long-term. Do take this particular statement with a new grain of salt as there is nevertheless luck to accounts for.
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A payout percentage is a number that will highlights how very much a casino game pays back in order to players. This is typically known because the Return-to-player (RTP) and is a portion number taken through an average of thousands of rounds/bets around the video game. You will notice that most slots and table video games have a similar overall return rate. Well, more than a prolonged program, players are theoretically bound to obtain the same go back.
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They’re also the almost all varied in phrases of gameplay, themes, bonuses, paylines, and the number of reels and rows. Lots of the finest online slot machine games start in RTPs of above 95%, which can be very much higher than their own land-based equivalents. Look for reputable permits instead of questionable gambling regulators of which you are not really acquainted with.
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- Emma has worked as a personnel writer and manager for nearly two years, extensively covering celeb news and the Todas las Vegas entertainment, on line casino and tourism scenes.
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When putting these elements together into a new single platform it becomes clear that freedom is the main reason why on-line casinos are considerably more profitable than live venues. A participant recieve more choice in addition to isn’t bound simply by certain local restrictions, meaning online internet sites can offer a greater range” “of high payout options on the real cash video games. The fastest approach for players in order to receive casino winnings is by going to the casino cage at a land-based casino. However, you possibly can make sub-24-hour withdrawals numerous of these advised online casinos. All the fast payment casinos listed inside this guide happen to be inspected from top to bottom simply by experts.
Table Of Contents
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Have you ever wondered if you can use food stamps at fresh market? The good news is that fresh market does accept SNAP benefits! This means that customers who receive assistance from the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) can purchase fresh and healthy food options at fresh market using their EBT card.
At fresh market, customers can find a wide variety of fresh produce, including seasonal fruits and vegetables. In addition to fruits and veggies, they also offer organic and natural foods, dairy products, meats and poultry, and even household items. With such a diverse selection of affordable and healthy items available, shopping with SNAP benefits at fresh market is a great way to provide nutritious options for you and your family while maintaining a strict budget.
Plus, using your SNAP benefits at fresh market not only helps you save money, but it also supports local farmers and stimulates the local economy. So, if you’re a SNAP recipient looking to purchase fresh and wholesome foods, be sure to check out fresh market! With the acceptance of food stamps, anyone can enjoy the benefits of healthy eating and support their local community.
Overview of Fresh Market and its Services
Fresh Market is a high-end grocery store chain that offers an array of specialty food items, fresh produce, and an exceptional shopping experience. Founded in 1982 in Greensboro, North Carolina, Fresh Market now has over 159 stores in the United States. Their philosophy, “Quality Lives Here,” is reflected in the exceptional quality of their products and customer service.
Services Offered by Fresh Market
- Fresh Produce – Fresh Market has an extensive selection of fresh produce sourced locally and internationally, including organic and non-organic produce.
- Meat and Seafood – Their meat and seafood section offers high-quality meats and seafood, including grass-fed beef, organic chicken, and sustainably sourced seafood.
- Deli and Bakery – Fresh Market’s deli and bakery section offer a wide variety of freshly made foods such as sandwiches, salads, artisan bread, cakes, and pastries.
Shopping Experience at Fresh Market
Shopping at Fresh Market is an experience like no other. The store’s layout is well-organized, and the customer service team is well-trained and knowledgeable. The staff is always happy to assist you in finding the right product or answer any questions you may have about the store’s offerings.
Additionally, Fresh Market provides a variety of amenities such as clean and spacious aisles, easy-to-navigate store layout, and bright lighting to enhance your shopping experience. They also have a mobile app and online shopping to make the shopping experience more convenient for their customers.
Does Fresh Market Take Food Stamps?
Yes, Fresh Market participates in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), also known as food stamps. They accept electronic benefit transfer (EBT) cards, which can be used to purchase eligible food items such as meat, seafood, dairy products, and fresh produce. However, EBT cards cannot be used to purchase non-food items such as household supplies, personal care items, or alcohol. At Fresh Market, every EBT transaction is subject to the same state-mandated tax as regular transactions.
|Eligible Food Items
|Applied to Every Transaction
Overall, Fresh Market is committed to providing a high-quality shopping experience for all customers, regardless of their payment method. Their participation in SNAP reflects their commitment to serving the diverse communities they operate in and their belief that everyone should have access to fresh and healthy food options.
What are food stamps?
Food stamps, also known as Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), is a federal government program that provides assistance to low-income families and individuals to buy groceries. The program aims to alleviate hunger in the United States by providing assistance to those who need it the most.
Qualifying for SNAP
- To qualify for SNAP, you must meet certain income and resource requirements set by the federal government. The income limit is 130% of the federal poverty level.
- Individuals who receive TANF (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families) or SSI (Supplemental Security Income) are automatically eligible for SNAP.
- Immigrants who have been lawfully residing in the US for five years or more are eligible for SNAP, while those who are unlawfully present are not eligible.
Using food stamps at Fresh Market
For those who qualify for SNAP, Fresh Market accepts EBT (Electronic Benefits Transfer) as a form of payment for eligible food items. Fresh Market provides a variety of fresh produce, meat, dairy, and bakery items that can be purchased with EBT. However, non-food items such as cleaning supplies and personal care products cannot be purchased with food stamps.
Food stamps, or SNAP, is a federal government program that provides assistance to low-income families and individuals to buy groceries. Fresh Market is one of many grocery stores that accepts EBT as payment for eligible food items. If you qualify for SNAP, you can easily purchase fresh and healthy food at Fresh Market.
|Pros of SNAP
|Cons of SNAP
|Helps alleviate hunger in the US
|May promote reliance on government assistance
|Allows families to purchase fresh and healthy food
|Eligibility requirements can be strict
|Improves children’s health and academic performance
|Funding for the program can fluctuate
Despite the potential drawbacks, SNAP provides a vital safety net for families and individuals who struggle to put food on the table. It not only improves access to healthy food but also helps lift millions of people out of poverty.
History of Food Stamps
Food stamp, as we know it today, has a long and intricate history dating back to the Great Depression era of the 1930s. It was during this period that the government began providing surplus food to people who were struggling to make ends meet. The program was then referred to as the Federal Surplus Commodities Corporation (FSCC).
However, it wasn’t until the 1960s that the food stamp program as we know it today was implemented. President Lyndon B. Johnson wanted to alleviate poverty in America by providing food assistance to low-income households. So, in 1964, the Food Stamp Act was signed into law, establishing a federal food stamp program. The program initially had a pilot phase, which was tested in a few states, but it eventually became a permanent program.
- Food stamp benefits initially came in the form of paper stamps that could be redeemed for food at participating stores.
- In 1977, the paper food stamp program was replaced with electronic benefits transfer (EBT) that allowed recipients to access their benefits through a plastic card.
- The 2002 Farm Bill authorized the use of food stamp benefits to purchase seeds and plants that produce food for the household to eat.
Over the years, the program has undergone significant changes and expansions, each one aimed at improving and expanding the benefits to low-income households. Today, the food stamp program, which is now called the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), serves over 40 million Americans annually.
|Name of Program
|Number of Participants
|Federal Surplus Commodities Corporation (FSCC)
|Food Stamp Act
|Maximum of 350,000 participants
|Electronic Benefits Transfer (EBT)
|Approximately 21 million participants
Despite the program’s long history and numerous changes over the years, one thing has remained constant – the program’s primary purpose of providing nutrition assistance to low-income families and individuals.
Eligibility for Food Stamps
Food stamps, also known as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), helps low-income households buy food. In order to qualify for food stamps, eligibility requirements must be met. Here are some key factors:
- Income: To be eligible for food stamps, a household must have a gross income below 130% of the federal poverty level. In addition, net income (income after deductions) must be below the poverty line.
- Assets: Households must also have limited assets, including bank accounts, cash, and investments. The asset limit is $2,250 for most households, but it is $3,500 for households containing a member who is disabled or over the age of 60.
- Residency: To receive food stamps, a household must live in the United States and be either a citizen or a legal noncitizen.
Additional factors that can impact eligibility include household size, expenses, and disability status. If you are unsure whether you meet the eligibility requirements for food stamps, there are resources available to help. You can contact your local Department of Social Services or visit the SNAP website to learn more.
Benefits of Accepting Food Stamps for Retailers like Fresh Market
Retailers like Fresh Market can benefit from accepting food stamps. One of the main benefits is that it can increase their customer base. Many people who rely on food stamps for their groceries may prefer to shop at stores that accept food stamps, so accepting them can help attract new customers.
In addition, retailers that accept food stamps can benefit from increased sales volumes. According to the Food and Nutrition Service, food stamp recipients spent approximately $60 billion in food stamp benefits in 2019. Accepting food stamps can help retailers tap into this market and increase sales.
Process for Accepting Food Stamps at Fresh Market
Fresh Market is a retailer that accepts food stamps. To use your food stamp benefits at Fresh Market, you will need an Electronic Benefits Transfer (EBT) card. When you go to pay for your groceries, you will swipe your EBT card and enter your Personal Identification Number (PIN) to authorize the transaction.
It is important to note that food stamp benefits cannot be used to purchase certain items, such as alcohol, tobacco, and hot food items. However, there is a wide range of other food items that can be purchased using food stamps, including fruits, vegetables, meat, and dairy products.
|Accepted Payment Methods
|Not Accepted Payment Methods
Overall, accepting food stamps can be beneficial for both retailers like Fresh Market and low-income households. It can provide access to nutritious food for those in need while also helping retailers grow their customer base and increase sales.
Benefits of using food stamps
Food stamps are a type of assistance provided to low-income households in the United States. Also known as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), food stamps allow beneficiaries to purchase nutritious food for themselves and their families at participating retailers. Here are some of the benefits of using food stamps:
- Access to healthy food: Food stamps can help individuals and families afford nutritious food that they may not have been able to afford otherwise. This can help improve their overall health and well-being.
- Reduces food insecurity: Food insecurity is a term that refers to the lack of access to enough food to meet basic nutritional needs. Food stamps can help reduce food insecurity by providing assistance to those who need it.
- Stimulates local economies: By using food stamps at local grocery stores, beneficiaries are supporting the local economy and helping to create jobs.
Maximizing the potential of food stamps
While food stamps can provide much-needed assistance to low-income households, it is important to ensure that beneficiaries are using them to their full potential. Here are some tips for maximizing the potential of food stamps:
- Plan meals in advance: By planning meals in advance, beneficiaries can make sure that they are purchasing nutritious food that will last throughout the month.
- Shop for sales: Beneficiaries should look for sales and discounts at participating retailers to make their food stamps go further.
- Buy in bulk: Buying in bulk can be a cost-effective way to stretch food stamps and ensure that there is enough food for the entire month.
Does Fresh Market take food stamps?
Fresh Market is a specialty grocery store chain that specializes in fresh produce, gourmet foods, and organic products. The good news is that Fresh Market does accept food stamps at all of their locations. Beneficiaries can use their EBT cards to purchase eligible food items at Fresh Market stores.
|Eligible food items at Fresh Market:
|Non-eligible items at Fresh Market:
|Fresh produce (fruits, vegetables, herbs, etc.)
|Alcohol and tobacco products
|Meat, poultry, and fish
|Prepared foods (hot or cold)
|Household items (toiletries, cleaning products, etc.)
|Breads and cereals
|Non-food items (pet food, gardening supplies, etc.)
|Seeds and plants (for growing food)
Overall, Fresh Market is a great place for food stamp beneficiaries to purchase fresh, healthy food. By using their food stamps wisely, beneficiaries can make the most of their assistance and improve their overall health and well-being.
How to apply for food stamps
Applying for food stamps, or Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), can be a complex and time-consuming process. However, it is an essential resource for those who need assistance in affording food. Below are the steps to follow when applying for food stamps:
- Gather necessary documents: To be eligible for food stamps, you must provide proof of income, residency, and identification. The specific documents you need may vary depending on your state, but generally include a government-issued ID, pay stubs, utility bills, and rent receipts.
- Find your local SNAP office: You can find your local SNAP office by searching online or calling your state’s SNAP hotline. The office will provide you with an application form, which you can also download online.
- Fill out the application form: The application form is lengthy and requires detailed information about your household size, income, expenses, and assets. Make sure to provide all necessary information and answer all questions truthfully.
- Submit the application form: You can submit the application form in person, online, or by mail. Some states also allow you to apply over the phone.
- Complete an interview: After submitting your application form, you will be required to complete an interview with a SNAP caseworker. The interview can be conducted in person, over the phone, or by video conference.
- Wait for a decision: It can take up to 30 days to receive a decision on your SNAP application. If you are approved, you will receive an EBT card, which you can use to purchase food at participating retailers.
Overall, applying for food stamps requires careful preparation and attention to detail. However, the benefits of SNAP can make a significant difference in the lives of those who need it most.
If you have any questions or concerns about the SNAP application process, reach out to your local SNAP office for assistance.
Federal Guidelines for Food Stamps
Food stamps, now called the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), offers assistance to low-income households to purchase healthy food items. To qualify for food stamps, households need to meet specific income guidelines set by the federal government. Once approved, these households will receive an Electronic Benefits Transfer (EBT) card that works similarly to a debit card. The EBT card is prepaid with the approved benefit amount and can only be used to purchase specific food items. The government regulates which food items the EBT card can be used for, and many grocery stores have established policies that allow them to accept payments from these cards.
- Eligibility: In general, households with incomes under 130% of the federal poverty level may be eligible for food stamps.
- Calculating Benefits: A household’s benefit amount is based on a calculation that considers household size, income, expenses, and other factors.
- Approved Foods: The government has established a list of approved foods that can be purchased with EBT cards. These foods include fruits, vegetables, meats, dairy products, bread, cereals, and some snack items.
However, not all grocery stores accept EBT cards due to the administrative costs associated with maintaining the program. Fortunately, Fresh Market does accept EBT payments. This policy aligns with the government’s goal of ensuring those in need have access to healthy food even when they have financial constraints.
According to the Fresh Market website, the store accepts EBT payments in all locations. The website also states that the EBT card cannot be used for items like tobacco, alcohol, and dietary supplements. Additionally, the EBT card cannot be used for online purchases.
|Fruits and Vegetables
|Meat and Poultry
|Breads and Cereals
In conclusion, Fresh Market does accept EBT card payments for eligible food items, and it adheres to the government’s regulations when it comes to what can and cannot be purchased with the card. This policy shows that Fresh Market has a commitment to ensuring all members of the community can purchase healthy food items, regardless of financial constraints.
How does Fresh Market benefit from accepting food stamps?
There are numerous benefits to Fresh Market for accepting food stamps or Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). SNAP is a federal program that offers help for low-income people in terms of buying food. Over the years, more people have been relying on the program to buy their groceries. Fresh Market joining the SNAP program could open up many benefits for both the store and the customers.
- Increased Customer Traffic- Fresh Market joining the SNAP program could increase customer traffic, thus boosting sales. People who use SNAP benefits would have access to high-quality fresh produce and food products. The increased traffic could also help strengthen the store’s community ties.
- Boost in Sales- Aside from the increase in customer traffic, the store could also enjoy an increase in sales. With more people coming into the store, it could improve the store’s competitiveness and profitability. Fresh Market is already known for its quality, and with more people coming into the store, in would strengthen the store’s reputation.
- Goodwill- Accepting SNAP benefits is one way of showing goodwill towards disadvantaged members of the community. Fresh Market’s participation could help contribute to hunger relief in the community.
Overall, Fresh Market could enjoy numerous benefits by accepting SNAP benefits. Increased customer traffic, boosted sales, nurturing goodwill, and contributing to hunger relief are some of the benefits that Fresh Market and the customers could enjoy.
Here’s a table of some of the benefits:
|Benefits of Accepting SNAP
|Increased Customer Traffic
|Contribution to Hunger Relief
Fresh Market’s participation in the SNAP program is an excellent way for the store to help contribute to society and strengthen community ties. More people will have access to fresh produce and high-quality products while enjoying the benefits of SNAP. Fresh Market can enjoy boosted sales, increased customer traffic, and goodwill by participating in the program.
Comparison of Fresh Market with other grocery stores’ policy on accepting food stamps
When it comes to accepting food stamps, commonly known as Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), Fresh Market is not alone. In fact, many grocery stores across the country accept food stamps to cater to the needs of low-income families and individuals. However, there are differences in the policies between Fresh Market and other grocery stores.
- Walmart: Walmart is by far the largest retailer in the United States to accept food stamps. They accept EBT cards in all their stores, including their grocery stores and supercenters.
- Whole Foods: Whole Foods is another grocery store that accepts EBT cards, however, it is only available in select states, and not all stores in those states accept it.
- Kroger: Kroger accepts EBT cards in all its locations across the country.
Compared to the above-mentioned stores, Fresh Market has a limited number of locations across the country. According to their website, Fresh Market does accept EBT cards, but the program is only available in select locations. Therefore, before making a trip to Fresh Market using your EBT card, it’s important to check if the location near you accepts SNAP.
It’s worth noting that there are policies in place that limit what you can purchase with food stamps. For example, you can’t buy alcoholic beverages, tobacco, hot foods, and non-food items with your EBT card. Additionally, SNAP benefits don’t cover delivery fees or online purchases, even though many stores offer these services.
|EBT Card Acceptance
|Accepted in all stores
|Accepted in select locations
|Accepted in all stores
|Limited stores accept EBT cards, must check with location
Overall, it’s great to see that many grocery stores, including Fresh Market, are accepting EBT cards to make healthy foods more accessible to low-income individuals and families. However, it’s important to note that policies and availability may vary between stores, and certain restrictions still apply for purchases made with food stamps.
Future of food stamps in the US.
The future of food stamps in the US is currently uncertain. Some possible changes and developments in the program that may affect its future include:
- Cuts to funding: There have been proposals to cut funding for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), which is the official name of the food stamp program. Many people who rely on food stamps as their primary source of food could be negatively impacted by such cuts.
- Restrictions on eligibility: Some politicians have proposed restricting the eligibility criteria for SNAP, such as imposing work requirements or drug testing. If such restrictions are implemented, fewer people may be able to qualify for food stamps.
- Increased use of technology: The food stamp program has increasingly relied on technology in recent years. For example, some states have implemented electronic benefits transfer (EBT) systems, which allow recipients to access their benefits via debit cards. There may be further developments in how the program utilizes technology to distribute benefits and verify eligibility.
Despite these potential changes and challenges, food stamps remain an important safety net for millions of Americans who struggle with hunger and food insecurity. It is unclear how the food stamp program will evolve in the coming years, but ensuring that everyone has access to adequate and nutritious food should remain a priority for policymakers and advocates alike.
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Now that you know Fresh Market does in fact take food stamps, you can enjoy all the fresh and delicious food they have to offer. Don’t forget to come back and see us for more informative and fun articles. Happy shopping! | <urn:uuid:fc4cd836-1318-4536-a2c4-0f81f171009d> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.got2bwireless.com/snap/does-fresh-market-take-food-stamps/ | 2024-04-13T23:39:57Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.951502 | 4,780 | 5,480 |
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Why should poets’ deaths carry more weight than those of others? David Markson’s litany of deaths, This Is Not a Novel, starts off with a poet’s death (Byron’s) and expands to commemorate, in laconic sentences and judicious fragments, the deaths (sprinkled with quotes and quirks) of novelists, painters, composers, philosophers. As it turns out, you’re not really famous until you’ve left a written trace (‘Hitler typed with two fingers’). But as Markson winds to a close, he rounds back to the poets:
When the city I extol shall have
perished, when the men to whom I sing
shall have faded into oblivion, my words
Non omnis moriar. I shall not wholly die.
Per saecula omnia vivam. I shall live
These boasts defy the many Greek myths that punish artists for ambition (Marsyas, Arachne etc). Randall Jarrell said a poet is a man who spends a lifetime standing out in thunderstorms waiting to be struck by lightning; that was a metaphor for inspiration, though a literal interpretation also suggests itself. Even Pindar, Horace and Ovid threw down the gauntlet to oblivion: come and get me if you can.
Paul Farley and Michael Symmons Roberts are poets and professors of poetry, and the authors of a previous collaboration, Edgelands, which took as its subject the dejected spaces that buffer suburban developments, industrial parks, highways and airports. They have now teamed up for a second book of psychogeography, describing their pilgrimages to the sites of poets’ deaths (but not their graves) and to libraries and archives. (Archives, they discover, have their own whiff of the crypt, with receipts, napkins, ticket stubs and other disjecta membra.) ‘Holidays on the backs of dead poets’ is the way one of their friends put it. ‘Proper thanatourists,’ they call themselves, self-deprecatingly, winningly.
A combination of de Botton bonhomie and BBC breathlessness suffuses the book, particularly at the beginning, which puts us in the swanky sale room of Bonhams, where an auction is about to take place, and Auden’s manuscript of ‘Funeral Blues’ (with ‘currente calamo corrections’) will sell for £23,750. ‘Both poets are familiar broadcasters and have worked extensively in radio and television,’ the book jacket tells me, but I could have surmised it from the prose: the extensive scene-setting in the present tense (‘It’s sepulchral enough on a bright spring morning, as the soft-shod denizens of New Bond Street slip out of the boutiques and PR firms to get a rare glimpse of sun after the coldest winter for years’); the frequent cut-away for exposition or meditation (‘The late Robin Williams, in his role as the inspirational English teacher in Dead Poets Society, has his pupils gather round a faded photo… “Carpe diem, boys”’), then the cutting back; the cameos (‘At the junction of Fitzroy Road and Chalcot Road we meet the poet Jo Shapcott and we walk to the flat where Plath ended her life’).
The gentle ‘we’ serves as a disembodied voiceover as we accompany the poets to Minneapolis’s Washington Avenue Bridge, where John Berryman jumped to his death; the White Horse Tavern, where Dylan Thomas supposedly drank the 18 whiskeys that killed him; 23 Fitzroy Road, where Plath laid her head on a folded towel in the gas oven; Missolonghi, per Byron; Rome, to the Keats-Shelley House; Vienna, where Auden bore out his own prophecy: ‘I shall probably die at midnight, in a hotel, to the great annoyance of the management.’ They travel to Normandy to see where Keith Douglas was shelled as he stood beside his tank. They prowl around Roundhay Park in Leeds, where John Riley was mugged and beaten to death in the wee hours after drinking at a pub. They also go to predictable and even boring places: Wallace Stevens’s house (he didn’t die there); Emily Dickinson’s homestead (she did); William Carlos Williams’s Rutherford home (where the famous icebox was, they point out); Elizabeth Bishop’s last residence on Boston Harbor; the Rosenbach Museum in Philadelphia, which reassembled Marianne Moore’s Brooklyn living space on its own third floor. I’m pretty sure I can tell which poets the authors are really keen on (Berryman, MacNeice, Auden) and which they aren’t. The list can get a bit listless.
In one of the most involved chapters, the intrepid duo crawl into Ingleborough Cave in Yorkshire, where MacNeice caught his death – maybe from a rare mould that grew in his lungs, abetted by a soaking in torrential rain – while recording sounds for his last radio play, Persons from Porlock. A bit ghoulishly, they listen for cave sounds in the broadcast (thinking to play the broadcast inside the cave, as a way of returning the sound to its source – fort justement!), and dig up the local weather reports from August 1963. They plot their pilgrimage like a detective story, but at this point too their lyric imagination takes over as nowhere else in the book: the ramifications of limestone caves and underground streams (from the ancient underworld to Coleridge’s Xanadu to Petrarch’s Fontaine de Vaucluse to Auden’s ‘The Cave of Making’) create a counterpoint to another metaphor, that of radio signals travelling ‘over dark hills and deep valleys, through troughs and ridges of atmospheric pressure’ and meeting in the image of the vault-like radio studio. It links up nicely with something they say earlier in the book: ‘Poets are often writing a book they can’t see at all, oblique fragment by oblique fragment.’ This suggests that indeed poets are not fated to die; they live as they write, proceeding from poem to poem, spelunkers making their way through the dark. Per Keats, neither life nor poetry ought to have a ‘palpable design upon us’.
But from the way Deaths of the Poets begins, you would think the opposite. Our journey starts in the armchair, with a discussion of Johnson’s Lives of the Poets, and the turning point in mythography that Thomas Chatterton’s death represented. This serves as a prologue to the story of Dylan Thomas’s self-destruction, followed by a chapter detailing the oft-told tales of Berryman and Plath’s demises. Both the launch of a chronological literary history, and the imbrication of poets and mental illness, are misleading. There is no single argument at the heart of this book, because many different kinds of poets die in many different kinds of ways. The pilgrimages simply proliferate; each seems to generate its own existential inquiry. One organising principle has the authors contrasting two poets per chapter (Byron and Thom Gunn are conjoined, simply by virtue of being poets who shook the dust of England from their shoes) but then the chapters get baggier (the one on Auden cuts to Heaney’s death and back, moves on to an anecdote about Coleridge, and stutters out with short meditations on Frost; Petrarch and Dante are shoehorned into the afterword). There are sexy deaths and dull deaths, early deaths and lingering ones, uncanny predictions, like Auden’s, and deaths where poets lost their words first, like Stevie Smith after her stroke. There are disappearing acts (Weldon Kees) and changes of identity (Rosemary Tonks). The smoke of incinerated diaries – and, in Tonks’s case, a novel she claimed was the best thing she ever wrote – still hangs over some deaths. Some chapters are definitively less about the poets’ deaths and more about how they lived, their lifestyles even: the travertine Bishop brought in for her floors, the VW Beetle Auden drove.
Personality is discreetly exuded, mostly at junctures when the oddness, hokeyness, even ickiness of what the authors are doing becomes too overwhelming not to acknowledge. What sounds like road-trip movie humour at first – their sudden suspicion of air travel or paranoia about Lyme Disease, say – becomes solemn, as episodes of squeamishness accumulate. The ‘we’, I start to discover, is not just a whimsical device, or a way to be ‘relatable’, but a real alibi for standing out in a thunderstorm, gathering data on dead poets (there but for the grace of God). Whether they truly thought they were tempting fate or not, it’s hard to undertake a project like this without falling into the kind of magical thinking that pervades poetry more than any other of the arts. Farley and Roberts take cover under the impersonal first-person plural as if to say to the gods: ‘Move on, nothing to look at here!’ Meanwhile, the reader can contemplate the fact that Lowell’s arms had to be broken in hospital to release the Freud painting of Caroline Blackwood (Calypso) he had been clutching when he died in a taxi between JFK and West 67th Street, where Elizabeth Hardwick (Penelope) was waiting for him.
The myth that poets are aristocrats of the literary world, that their deaths are caviar for the general public (or ambrosia for the gods), may underlie a book such as this, but it sits uneasily beside the blatant kitschification of poetry (to which this book queasily may add). Some of the bizarrerie comes with the territory: the lock of hair and other personal effects at Keats House that nauseated me when I visited some years ago are clearly kin to saints’ relics. The Audenhaus in Kirchstetten takes it to another level: ‘A winding tower of the poet’s books, a Cinzano bottle, an ashtray and a pair of battered carpet slippers … It’s a strange cross between a museum and a film set.’ Videos of Auden and his funeral cortège – with a close-up of the grieving Chester Kallmann – are on a loop. Incidentally, a worn pair of slippers also features in another chapter – they quote Patrick Leigh Fermor’s account of tracking down the yellow baboosh that are said to have been Byron’s. The clincher: one of them bears the impress of a misshapen foot.
And what to make of the ‘painstakingly assembled reconstruction’ of Dylan Thomas’s writing shed as he left it in 1953, ‘built on the back of a trailer now halfway through its grand tour’ during his centenary celebration in 2014? Or the Larkin Trail, which ‘comes with an excellent archive and an accompanying set of podcasts. The walker with a handheld device can listen to Larkin reading his poetry or Pee Wee Russell playing clarinet or an interview with the current owner of Larkin’s Newland Park house.’ At this house, ‘a toad the size of a small hippo (in suit and tie and glasses) squats above the entrance.’ This is only one of the forty fibreglass toads commissioned from various artists for ‘Larkin 25’ in 2010, which commemorated the 25th anniversary of his death. Follow-up events included 2015’s Toads Revisited, where one could discover where Tigger the Toad and Fish & Chips Toad ended up after auction. A strange fate for a poet who wrote that visiting the monuments of the dead persists only ‘since someone will forever be surprising/A hunger in himself to be more serious.’
We learn too there are plans to turn Chatterton’s birthplace in Bristol into ‘a café and visitor centre’, but the wonder is that it’s taken so long. He may be the first example of the kitschification of poets in English: Farley and Roberts go to Tate Britain to view Chatterton (commonly known as The Death of Chatterton) by Henry Wallis, which was instrumental in turning the 17-year-old poet into an icon: a slender boy with a lead-white face laid out on a rumpled bed, the window open where his soul escaped the degradation of his desolate attic. It was exhibited throughout England – in Manchester in 1857 it was seen by 1.3 million visitors, and two years later the photographer James Robinson had the bad taste to make stereoscopic images of it, so that the viewer could enter the scene of the suicide in 3D. At times the authors’ tone (perhaps inadvertently) succumbs to bombast: ‘a stellar roll call of American poets who took their own lives’. ‘Now we stand at the junction of Fitzroy Road and Chalcot Road again, a crossroads that today has come to feel like an axis between life and death, the point where the latitude and longitude of Sylvia Plath meet on the ground.’ Oof!
The Americans Farley and Roberts call on aren’t so bedazzled: they are casually disenchanted. Asked if American poets still hit the bottle in the grand manner of Bishop, Berryman and Lowell, Daisy Fried answers: ‘It’s Prozac now … Most poets I know drink slightly too much wine in the evenings.’ Dobby Gibson ‘thinks the self-destructive poet image is old-hat now. In fact the whole “poet as outsider” thing is passé.’ Many poets think of themselves as comprising various ‘communities’, bound together by the empire-building professional alliance, the Association of Writers and Writing Programs (AWP). For me, taking the Liebestod out of poetry is unthinkable: to suggest that the art should serve a socially hygienic function – a source of employment, therapy or political change – is like suggesting that Anna Karenina should pursue healthier relationship choices, or redirect her passionate nature towards women’s marches. But then I’m not the sort of poet who fantasises about putting on Emily Dickinson’s white dress, a replica of which is on display in Amherst. (Or, as in Billy Collins’s well-known wink-nudge piece, taking it off.) Pedestalisation and de-pedestalisation are two sides of the same coin, and both are beside the point. Farley and Roberts might recall the episode in The Trip where Steve Coogan explains to Rob Brydon on their restaurant tour that his girlfriend booked a night at Greta Hall for the frisson of fucking in Coleridge’s bed. That joke isn’t possible without earnest literary pilgrimages to mock.
In Economy of the Unlost Anne Carson gives a persuasive account of the nexus between poets and death, and goes back not to Orpheus’ loss of Eurydice, or Sappho’s apocryphal leap off a cliff, but to the fifth-century Simonides of Keos, the first poet crass enough to write poetry for money at a time when aristocratic xenia (gift exchange) was starting to be replaced by a coin-based economy. He was the ‘most prolific composer of epitaphs in the ancient world and set the conventions of the genre’. An originary anecdote has him writing a spontaneous epitaph for a corpse he finds on a beach; the ghost of the corpse then comes to him in a dream and shows his gratitude by warning him against making a voyage the following day. Simonides heeds the warning and avoids death in a shipwreck. This gift exchange between the living and the dead stands in conflictual relation to his reputation as a miser: ‘The formal sale of pity contributed substantially to his fortune and became inseparable from his name.’ Epitaphs were cut on stone, and the labour involved contributed to their expense: ‘Simonides’ poem has to fit on the stone bought for it.’ This fact determined an aesthetic of verbal economy – think ‘lapidary’ – and quantified a relationship between style and material, mediated by the market. (Simonides’ innovations included a three-for-the-price-of-one epitaph, where alternating lines of red and black could be read separately and in succession.) One of his most renowned was: ‘We are all debts owed to death.’
If we are all debts owed to death, death cannot make a poet greater than anyone else. There need be no death wish, theories of the scapegoat, or any sort of hoodoo, in the observation that poets make their language play three-for-the-price-of-one semantic games in service of cultural memory and then start feeling over-leveraged. Their deaths are special because they added to or intensified reality with their poems. While Farley and Roberts’s travelogue may be entertaining, it isn’t enlightening; they enjoy the frissons inspired by this modern cult of sainthood, and disingenuously encourage a commodified thanatourism in an era of dwindling public resources for, say, libraries. Next month, the American Writers Museum will open in Chicago, ‘the first museum in the US dedicated to American writers’, just as President Trump’s federal budget plan proposes the elimination of the National Endowment for the Arts. It would be better if people just sat at home actually reading books.
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Fox figures claim that many federal disability benefit payments are fraudulent because the number of people in the program has increased under the Obama administration. In fact, improper payments of disability benefits are minimal and experts agree the higher levels of disability benefits are a direct result of the recession.
Fox Hypes Increase In Disability Benefits To Criticize Obama Administration
Charles Payne: “It's A Scandal. ... You Can Go In There As A Young, Adult Male And Say This Economy Is Too Tough, And They'll Give You A [Disability] Check.” Appearing on Fox Business' Varney & Co., Fox Business' Charles Payne used the offensive term “crazy check” to falsely imply that individuals can pretend to have mental disabilities in order to receive Social Security Insurance Disability Benefits. Payne implied that this fraud explains the increase in the number of people receiving these benefits:
STUART VARNEY [host]: A new record in the number of people collecting Social Security disability insurance benefits. 8,803,335. That is a very big number. It has exploded under President Obama.
PAYNE: It's a scandal. When it's truly ever uncovered what's going on here, a lot of men, 25, 26 years old sitting on a porch all day long because every two weeks they get a crazy check and they're on disability. Now we started this show talking about my wife, it took her two years being out of work before she was eligible for any disability. Now you can go in there as a young, adult male and say this economy is too tough, and they'll give you a check. [Fox Business, Varney & Co., 10/26/12]
Eric Bolling: “Record Number Of People On Disability” Due To “Obamanomics.” Eric Bolling, co-host of Fox News' The Five, claimed the “record number of people on disability” had to do with “Obamanomics”:
BOLLING: It's a question of do you want four more years of Obamanomics. Pull up this next graphic that I put together. People on disability -- Dana, weigh in on this. There are now a record number of people on disability. In October, 8.803 million Americans went on disability. If you combine that with the number of people, Americans unemployed, 20 million people. Divide that by the workforce. It's about 15 percent. [Fox News, The Five, 10/26/12]
Lou Dobbs: Only “Logical Explanation” For Increase In Benefits Is That “The Administration Has Made Dependency A Watchword” And “Reduced The Standards For People.” On his Fox News show, Bill O'Reilly claimed that "[a]ccording to the Social Security Administration, the number of American workers currently on disability all-time high in this country." Guest and Fox Business host Lou Dobbs claimed that the “only one logical explanation” for the rise in disability benefits was that “the administration has made dependency a watch word” and that “they have reduced the standards for people.” Dobbs added that “it's much easier” to receive benefits, and concluded: “There is not an epidemic of mental illness. There is no epidemic of other disabilities or infirmities.” [Fox News, The O'Reilly Factor, 10/26/12]
But Experts Agree That Majority Of Recent Increase In Disability Benefits Is Due To The Recession
Congressional Budget Office: “In The Aftermath Of The Recent Severe Recession, Applications For DI Benefits Reached A Historic High.” According to the Congressional Budget Office (CBO), the increase in the number of applications for disability insurance (DI) was directly linked to the severe recession:
When jobs are plentiful, some people who could qualify for the DI program may choose instead to work. Conversely, when jobs are scarce, such as in economic downturns, some people with disabilities may find that their employment opportunities are especially limited, and they will instead choose to apply for DI benefits. Indeed, in the aftermath of the recent severe recession, applications for DI benefits reached a historic high, exceeding 2.9 million in calendar year 2010.
CBO projects that as a result of the most recent recession and slow recovery, the number of disabled worker beneficiaries will continue to rise over the next few years (although growth will slow as the economy improves). That increase in participation stemming from the severe economic downturn will add to the long-term trend of rising enrollment. [Congressional Budget Office, July 2012]
Vice President At National Academy Of Social Insurance: “Impediments To Work Are Compounded For People With Disabilities When The Economy Turns Sour.” Bloomberg reported that “the number of people collecting disability surged as the economy contracted” and that this “gain follows a pattern typical of recessions because Social Security requires that claimants be unable to 'engage in any substantial gainful activity,' a stipulation more easily satisfied when jobs are scarce and wages get cut, according to Virginia Reno, vice-president for income security policy at the National Academy of Social Insurance in Washington.” Bloomberg quoted Reno as further saying: “Impediments to work are compounded for people with disabilities when the economy turns sour and there are simply fewer jobs and greater competition for the jobs that remain.” [Bloomberg, 5/3/12]
Senate Permanent Subcommittee On Investigations Report: “The Stress To The Disability System Was Likely Exacerbated When The Financial Crisis Hit In 2008.” In September, the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations submitted a report on the Social Security Disability Programs. The report found that the increase in disability applications was a direct result of the financial crisis, and that “job losses among workers with disabilities far exceeded those of workers without disabilities”:
The stress to the disability system was likely exacerbated when the financial crisis hit in 2008, resulting in a number of individuals losing jobs and, in turn, employer sponsored health insurance benefits. Census data indicated that between October 2008 and June 2010, job losses among workers with disabilities far exceeded those of workers without disabilities. Without health insurance, it is possible that chronic conditions held in check by medicine and treatment worsened and became more difficult to manage or even became disabling. Those workers potentially turned to federal disability insurance. In other cases, workers with disabling conditions who had refrained from applying for disability insurance because they were able to manage their impairments and sustain work, lost those paychecks, and then applied for disability insurance payments. [Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, 9/13/12]
PBS: “During The Recession, Disabled Workers Were Hit Five Times As Hard As Other Workers When It Came To Losing Their Jobs.” PBS News reported that “during the recession, disabled workers were hit five times as hard as other workers when it came to losing their jobs. People with disabilities have also had more trouble finding new jobs during the recovery.” [PBS News, 7/26/12]
Moreover, The Number Of Workers On Disability Has Increased Steadily Since 1980s
National Bureau Of Economic Research: “By Far The Most Important Contributor To The Recent Growth Of Disability Insurance Is The Liberalization Of The DI Screening Process In 1984.” In 2006, the National Bureau of Economic Research studied the federal Disability benefits program and found “by far the most important contributor to the recent growth of Disability Insurance is the liberalization of the DI screening process in 1984,” under President Reagan:
By far the most important contributor to the recent growth of Disability Insurance is the liberalization of the DI screening process in 1984, which increased the number of disability awards and shifted the composition of recipients towards claimants with lower mortality disorders.
The reform of Disability Insurance in the 1980s ushered in two decades of program expansion. In the 21 years following the 1984 legislation, the DI rolls grew by 148 percent, from 2.6 million to 6.5 million beneficiaries, and the percentage of the nonelderly adult population receiving disability benefits from the program grew from 2.2 to 4.1 percent. [National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2006]
Social Security Administration: “The Number Of Disabled Workers Grew Steadily Until 1978” And “Started To Increase Again In 1984.” According to data from the Social Security Administration, the number of workers on disability has been steadily growing since the 1980s:
The number of disabled workers grew steadily until 1978, declined slightly until 1983, started to increase again in 1984, and began to increase more rapidly beginning in 1990. The growth in the 1980s and 1990s was the result of demographic changes, a recession, and legislative changes. The number of disabled adult children has grown slightly, and the number of disabled widow(er)s has remained fairly level. In December 2011, over 8.5 million disabled workers, over 977,000 disabled adult children, and just over 251,000 disabled widow(er)s received disability benefits.
The report included the following chart:
[Social Security Administration, July 2012]
CBO: “Much Of The Recent Growth ... Stems From Increases In The Number Of Women Receiving Disabled Worker Benefits.” The Congressional Budget Office found that much of the growth in the number of people receiving disability benefits since the 1970s stemmed from the increase in the number of women in the program:
Much of the recent growth in the share of the population that comprises disabled workers stems from increases in the number of women receiving disabled worker benefits. Between 1970 and 1995, the percentage of women who received such benefits grew by about 0.6 percentage points -- about the same rate of growth as for men. Between 1995 and 2011, however, women receiving disabled worker benefits increased from 1.0 percent to 2.1 percent of all working-age adults; the corresponding change for men was from 1.6 percent to 2.4 percent. [Congressional Budget Office, July 2012]
GAO: “Factors Such As The Rising Number Of Children In Poverty And Increasing Diagnosis Of Certain Mental Impairments Have Likely Contributed To This Growth.” The Government Accountability Office noted that the rising levels of child poverty and “increasing diagnosis of certain mental impairments” have also likely contributed to the higher number of people receiving disability benefits over the last decade:
The number of Supplemental Security Income (SSI) child applicants and recipients with mental impairments has increased substantially for more than a decade, even though the Social Security Administration (SSA) denied, on average, 54 percent of such claims from fiscal years 2000 to 2011. Factors such as the rising number of children in poverty and increasing diagnosis of certain mental impairments have likely contributed to this growth. [Government Accountability Office, June 2012]
Improper Payments Of Disability Benefits Are Not A Widespread Problem
GAO Found That Improper Government Payments In Three Main Disability Support Services Are Negligible. A FY2011 investigation by the Government Accountability Office noted that "[f]ederal agencies reported improper payment estimates totaling $115.3 billion in fiscal year 2011, a decrease of $5.3 billion from the revised prior year reported estimate of $120.6 billion. Based on the agencies' estimates, OMB estimated that improper payments comprised about 4.7 percent of the $2.5 trillion in fiscal year 2011 total spending for the agencies' related programs (i.e., a 4.7 percent error rate)." GAO further noted that according to the Office of Management and Budget, “10 programs accounted for about $107 billion or 93 percent of the total estimated improper payments agencies reported for fiscal year 2011.” Of that $107 billion, Medicaid payments accounted for $21.9 billion, Supplemental Security Income payments accounted for $4.6 billion, and Disability Insurance payments accounted for $4.5 billion. [Government Accountability Office, 3/28/12]
National Bureau Of Economic Research: “The Extent Of Such Cheating Is Difficult To Evaluate For Both Practical And Policy Reasons.” A report on disability benefits by the National Bureau of Economic Research found that if there was “cheating” in the programs, it would be difficult to evaluate and could not be based on “medical standards”:
Put more bluntly, are a substantial share of Disability Insurance recipients cheating? This cheating could take different forms: Work-capable individuals, including those with nondisabling impairments, might exit the labor force to claim benefits. Alternatively, individuals who are voluntarily or involuntarily out of the labor force but not impaired might file a disability claim to gain income support and health insurance.
The extent of such cheating is difficult to evaluate for both practical and policy reasons. At a practical level, there are no systematic, objective data on the work capacity of current Disability Insurance beneficiaries and so there is no reliable means to estimate what share could potentially work. Nor can the question of cheating be resolved by an appeal to medical standards. While certain medical conditions are clearly disabling, “disability” is not a medical condition. Disability is a dividing line (or zone) chosen by policymakers on a continuum of ailments affecting claimants' capability to engage in paying work and their pain and discomfort in doing so. [National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2006]
National Bureau Of Economic Research: “Disability Insurance Beneficiaries” With Mental And Musculoskeletal Disorders “Experience Relatively Long Durations On The Program.” The National Bureau of Economic Research also explained that the increased number of individuals receiving disability benefits for mental and musculoskeletal disorders was due to “an early onset and low age-specific mortality” of those disorders, not increased levels of improper payments:
Because mental and musculoskeletal disorders have an early onset and low age-specific mortality, Disability Insurance beneficiaries with these diagnoses experience relatively long durations on the program. Thus, in 1983, 4.9 percent of people receiving disability insurance in that year died; by 2004, only 3.1 percent of those receiving disability benefits in that year died. [National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2006]
Unemployment Among The Disabled Is Significantly Higher Than Among The Non-Disabled
Bureau Of Labor Statistics: Unemployment Rate 6.2 Percent Higher Among People With A Disability. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the unemployment rate for persons with a disability was 13.5 percent in September 2012, while it was only 7.3 percent for the non-disabled. [Bureau of Labor Statistics, 10/5/12]
Center For American Progress: Employment Rates Among People With Disabilities Have Dropped Significantly Since Late 1980s. The Center for American Progress reported that the employment rate for men with a disability “fell from 28 percent in 1988 to 16 percent in 2008,” and for women with a disability the employment rate fell from 18 percent in 1988 to 15 percent in 2008:
The employment rate of males in their forties and fifties with a self-reported disability fell from 28 percent in 1988 to 16 percent in 2008 (approximately a 40 percent decline). The employment rate of comparably aged males without a disability held roughly constant at 87 to 88 percent. For females in this same age range with disabilities, the employment rate declined slightly (from 18 to 15 percent) while the employment rate of their counterparts without a disability rose from 66 to 76 percent. [Center for American Progress, December 2010]
NY Times: “The Unemployment Rate For Blind Adults Of Working Age Is Nearly 70 Percent.”The New York Times reported that according to Kevin A. Lynch, chief executive of the nonprofit National Industries for the Blind, "[t]he unemployment rate for blind adults of working age is nearly 70 percent -- a number that has been stagnant for 30 years." [The New York Times, 3/24/12]
70 Percent Of People With Disabilities Live In Poverty
NY Times: “Today, 70 Percent Of People With Disabilities Live In Poverty.” A New York Times article headlined “The Disability Trap” highlighted the overwhelming poverty of those who rely on Social Security disability payments, called “Supplemental Security Income” or S.S.I. The article reported that "[t]oday, 70 percent of people with disabilities live in poverty." [The New York Times, 10/20/12]
APA: “Persons With Disabilities Are More Likely To Be Unemployed And Live In Poverty.” According to the American Psychological Association, “persons with disabilities are more likely to be unemployed and live in poverty,” despite of the fact that “two-thirds of people with disabilities are of working age and want to work”:
[P]ersons with disabilities are more likely to be unemployed and live in poverty. The American Association of People With Disabilities (AAPD) estimates that two-thirds of people with disabilities are of working age and want to work. The high incidence of poverty among persons with a disability fuels doubts about the sufficiency of public assistance to these individuals.
- Results from the 2006 American Community Survey (ACS) reveal significant disparities in the median incomes for those with and without disabilities. Median earnings for people with no disability were over $28,000 compared to the $17,000 median income reported for individuals with a disability (U.S. Census Bureau, 2006).
- In an effort to investigate unemployment disparities, a recent study surveyed Human Resources and project managers about their perceptions of hiring persons with disabilities. Results indicated that these professionals held negative perceptions related to the productivity, social maturity, interpersonal skills and psychological adjustment of persons with disabilities (Chan, 2008) [American Psychological Association, accessed 10/26/12]
The Affordable Care Act May Help Reduce Burden On Those With Disabilities
NY Times: “The Affordable Care Act May Eventually Ease The Burden For Some Individuals With Disabilities.” The New York Times reported that the Affordable Care Act “may eventually ease the burden for some individuals with disabilities, namely those who rely on Medicaid through the S.S.I. program, by eliminating exclusions based on pre-existing conditions and annual or lifetime benefits caps.” [The New York Times, 10/20/12]
NBC: Affordable Care Act Will “Alleviate” Issues By Giving “Access To Less Expensive Health Coverage Despite Their Pricey Pre-Existing Conditions.” NBC News reported that the Affordable Care Act gives people with disabilities access to less expensive health care, which could “alleviate” the financial problems that lead many to apply for federal disability benefits:
The Affordable Care Act passed under the Obama administration will help alleviate one issue for people in these circumstances, if it stays in effect. That's because it will give them access to less expensive health coverage despite their pricey pre-existing conditions.
Those provisions of the health care act are scheduled to take effect in 2014, but they could be delayed or defunded if Mitt Romney beats Barack Obama in the presidential election next month. [NBC News, 10/26/12] | <urn:uuid:1574f890-9540-4972-b5f0-7cb32792d752> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.mediamatters.org/lou-dobbs/fox-obscures-important-facts-attack-disability-benefits | 2024-04-13T23:08:31Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.944114 | 3,965 | 4,902 |
When you’re young, it feels like retirement is so far away. And there are competing priorities for your money, like vacations, saving for a house, or buying a new car. It’s no surprise the Federal Reserve found that only 37% of adults think their retirement savings is on track.
Understanding how 401(k)s and IRAs work is essential. Each has an important place in your retirement saving strategy, and using them to their full potential can help you build your retirement nest egg.
What Is a Retirement Account & How Does It Work?
A retirement account is a financial account you designate to help you save money for retirement. Unlike standard savings accounts, they have benefits that encourage people to save for retirement more effectively, like restrictions to ensure they’re used only for that purpose. You can open one at a brokerage, bank, or other financial institution.
There are many different types of retirement accounts, including 401(k)s and individual retirement accounts (IRAs). Both have some unique features, though some basics hold true for all retirement accounts.
While you can open a CD or savings account in an IRA, most people have decades between the time they start saving and the time they retire. That makes investing the money a better plan for growing their savings.
Depending on whether you use a 401(k) or an IRA, you can invest in things like:
- Stocks: Shares in individual companies
- Bonds: Debt issued by state, federal, and local governments or businesses
- Mutual Funds: Baskets of stocks and bonds you can easily invest in by buying shares of a single fund
- Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs): Mutual funds you can trade to other investors instead of buying and selling exclusively with the fund manager
- Options: Advanced securities investors use to speculate on whether a stock’s price will rise or fall
- Commodities: Everyday items like coal, oil, gas, or corn that people buy and sell on large scales
The majority of retirement investment happens in mutual funds and ETFs, especially when you’re using a 401(k). IRAs that you open through brokers like M1 Finance are more flexible, and some investors buy individual stocks and bonds in their IRAs. Most investors avoid more complicated and volatile investments, like options or commodities.
The government places limits on the amount of money you can put into a retirement account each year. These limits prevent high earners from receiving a significantly higher benefit from these accounts than lower-income workers. Some accounts limit you to $6,000 or less, while others let you contribute more than $50,000.
Incentives to Save
While saving money is important, it isn’t exactly fun. Most people would rather buy a new car or go on a trip than set their money aside for the future.
To encourage people to save, retirement accounts offer incentives when people use them. These often take the form of tax incentives, which can reduce the amount you’ll owe in taxes now or in the future.
Restrictions on Withdrawals
If you’re putting money into a retirement account, the idea is you’ll use that money for retirement. The government gives you tax incentives precisely because it wants to encourage retirement savings. It doesn’t want you raiding your retirement fund for a luxury vacation or second home, so it restricts your ability to make withdrawals from all types of retirement accounts.
Typically, the government makes you pay a penalty on money withdrawn before you reach a certain age unless you remove it for an approved reason, such as buying a first home or funding education. However, the approved reasons vary by account.
How 401(k)s Work
When most Americans think of retirement accounts, they think of a 401(k).
You can only get access to a 401(k) as an employee benefit through an employer, though solo 401(k)s are available for the self-employed through Rocket Dollar. If your employer doesn’t offer a 401(k), you can open an IRA instead.
Contributions & Limits
The only way to make contributions to your 401(k) is through payroll deductions. This is money taken from your paycheck and deposited into your 401(k). You can’t make additional deposits into the account. But you can tell your company, usually through your payroll system or the human resources department, how much money to take out of each paycheck as either a flat amount or a percentage.
There is an annual limit to the amount you can contribute to your 401(k). You can’t contribute more than the greater of:
- Your annual income from the employer
- $19,500 if you’re under the age of 50 or $26,000 if you’re 50 or older
Rarely, employers add other restrictions, such as limiting your contribution to 30% of your salary or less. However, sometimes, your payroll or HR department can override these restrictions upon request.
The age-related limits apply to all the 401(k)s you’re eligible for in total. So if you have multiple employers that offer 401(k)s, you can’t contribute the full amount to each.
And there are even more restrictions if you’re a highly compensated employee (HCE), meaning you make $130,000 or more per year from your employer or own at least 5% of the company employing you. HCEs can’t contribute more than 2% more than the average contribution of non-HCEs at the same company. So, if non-HCEs contribute an average of 5% of their pay to their 401(k)s, HCEs can contribute a maximum of 7% of their salary. If an HCE makes an excess contribution, 401(k) providers must return the excess.
This limit on HCE contributions only applies to companies that don’t offer a safe-harbor 401(k), which has specific employer matching requirements.
To entice new employees or help retain current staff, employers often offer to contribute to employees’ 401(k)s. Some employers match the employees’ contributions, while others make contributions whether the employee does or not.
When employers match an employees’ contributions, they usually base the match on how much the employee makes each year and how much the employee contributes to their 401(k).
For example, say an employee makes $50,000, and their employer offers a 100% match on the first 3% of the employee’s salary. For every dollar the employee contributes up to 3%, or $1,500, of their $50,000 salary, the employer contributes $1. If the employee chooses to contribute more than $1,500, the employer stops matching contributions.
A safe-harbor 401(k) meets one of three employee contribution-matching requirements set by the government:
- A 100% match on the first 3% of the employee’s compensation contributed plus a 50% match on the next 2% contributed
- A 100% match on the first 4% contributed
- Automatic contribution of 3% regardless of employee contribution
When an employer matches employee contributions to a 401(k), the employer retains ownership of that money until the employee vests in the plan. If the employee leaves the company before vesting, the employer takes their matching contributions back. Vesting gives employers a way to retain employees.
Some companies use a cliff vesting plan in which a worker goes immediately from being 0% vested in their plan to 100% vested when they reach a certain number of years of service. Others use a graded vesting plan, which allows them to vest their employees by a smaller percentage each year of service. For example, employees may be 20% vested after one year, 40% vested after two years, and so on until they’re 100% vested after six years of service.
If they leave their job, unvested employees lose any money the employer contributed. Once an employee vests in a plan, contributions made by their employer become theirs to keep, even if they leave their job.
Employers select the financial service companies that manage their 401(k) plans. They also choose the investment options available in their 401(k)s. Depending on the financial firm your employer works with, this can be highly limiting, as most plans don’t offer any way to go outside their offerings to invest in other providers’ mutual funds or individual securities.
The majority of 401(k) plans offer basic mutual funds and target-date retirement funds. For most people, these are fine choices, but they make it difficult for experienced investors to execute advanced strategies. For example, it can be challenging to hedge investments without the ability to trade options or individual securities.
Fees are also a significant drawback of this kind of closed system. Some financial companies charge massive fees if you want to invest in their mutual funds. If your employer’s 401(k) funds have high fees, you won’t have any choice but to pay them. In the long run, even nominal fees can have a massive impact on your investments.
For example, if you invest $400 per month every month for 40 years and earn 7% returns each year, you end up with a total of $964,238.32 in the account at the end of that 40 years. But if you had paid a 1% fee annually over that period, it would drop your returns to 6%, and your ending balance would become $746,971.72. A fee of just 1% can cost you more than $200,000 over the course of your career.
When you contribute to a traditional 401(k) plan, you can deduct that amount from your income when you file your taxes, which means every dollar you save in your 401(k) costs less than a dollar out of your pocket.
Consider this example: A single person with an adjusted gross income (AGI) of $50,000 is in the 22% tax bracket. If they contributed $5,000 to a 401(k), that would reduce their AGI to $45,000, which is still in the 22% tax bracket. Because of the reduction in AGI, their tax bill would drop by $1,100. They’d have $5,000 in a retirement account at a cost of just $3,900 out of pocket.
You can only deduct the contributions you make to a 401(k). Employer contributions aren’t taxed, but they aren’t deductible either.
But 401(k)s aren’t entirely tax-free. You do have to pay taxes on the money you withdraw from the account. The idea is that your contributions during your working years happen when your income and tax rate are higher. So when you make withdrawals once you’re retired and making less, you’re in a lower tax bracket. If that is true, your overall lifetime taxes are lower if you contribute to a 401(k).
There are also Roth 401(k)s, which are rarer than traditional 401(k)s. With a Roth 401(k), you don’t get to deduct any contributions, but you don’t have to pay taxes on the money or its earnings when you make withdrawals during retirement. As a bonus, you can also withdraw your contributions – though not your earnings – from a Roth 401(k) at any time without penalty.
How IRAs Work
Anyone can open an individual retirement account because, unlike 401(k)s, they’re available independent of a specific employer. That gives you the freedom to choose the brokerage you want to work with. You can choose a more traditional broker like TD Ameritrade or a company like M1 Finance, which allows you to invest for free. IRAs also give you more flexibility when deciding what to invest in.
There are two types of IRAs to choose from: traditional IRAs and Roth IRAs. Each has its own benefits, drawbacks, and restrictions.
Contributions & Limits
Because your employer doesn’t manage your IRA, you can’t contribute with payroll deductions like you do for a 401(k). Instead, you must deposit money into the account like any other bank or brokerage account.
One major disadvantage of IRAs is that they have lower contribution limits than 401(k)s. The base limit for 2020 is $6,000. If you’re 50 or older, you can contribute an extra $1,000. If you make less than $6,000 in a year, you can only contribute up to your full income. On top of this restriction, there are income limits that reduce the benefit of using a traditional IRA. If you exceed the income limit, you can contribute, but you won’t get the tax benefits.
But these limits only apply if you or your spouse works for a company that offers a 401(k). The limit varies based on whether you contribute to a traditional or Roth IRA.
In 2020, if you’re single or filing as head of household, you can deduct the full amount of your contribution if you make less than $65,000 per year. If you make more than $65,000, you can only deduct a portion of your contribution, with the deductible portion shrinking as your income rises. Once you make $75,000 annually, traditional IRA contributions become nondeductible.
For people who are married and filing jointly, the deduction phase-out starts at $104,000 in annual income. If you and your spouse combined make more than $124,000 a year, you cannot deduct traditional IRA contributions. People married but filing separately can never deduct the full amount of their contribution and cannot take any deduction if their annual income exceeds $10,000.
Unlike traditional IRAs, Roth IRAs have hard income limits, after which you cannot contribute.
In 2020, if you’re single or filing as head of household, you can contribute up to the standard Roth IRA contribution limit as long as your annual income remains under $124,000. The contribution limit shrinks for every dollar over $124,000 earned. Once you earn $139,000 in a year, you can no longer contribute to a Roth IRA.
Married people who file jointly can make a full contribution to a Roth IRA if their combined annual income is less than $196,000. If their yearly income is $206,000 or more, they cannot contribute at all. People who are married filing separately cannot make a full contribution to a Roth IRA and can’t contribute at all if they make $10,000 or more in a year.
Greater flexibility makes IRAs more appealing than 401(k)s to many retirement investors. You can open an IRA with any financial institution that offers one, and you can use it to invest in almost anything. If you want to buy individual stocks, you can. You can trade options, futures, or commodities. IRAs can even hold real estate.
This flexibility means you can choose the mutual funds with the lowest fees or execute complicated trading strategies that rely on hedging or real estate investment. Advanced investors can get a lot of mileage out of their IRAs.
Both traditional and Roth IRAs help you save for retirement. But their tax benefits differ.
Traditional IRA Tax Deductions
A traditional IRA works like a traditional 401(k). You can deduct the amount you contribute from your taxable income when you file your tax return. This reduces your tax bill. In exchange, you pay taxes on money you withdraw in the future.
Roth IRA Tax Deductions
Roth IRAs work in reverse. You pay taxes as usual when you make contributions to a Roth IRA. However, when you make withdrawals from a Roth IRA, you pay no taxes on the money you withdraw, including any of the returns your investments earn.
This makes Roth IRAs an excellent choice for people whose income is low enough to put them in a lower tax bracket than they expect to be during retirement. They can save money by prepaying their taxes at a lower rate and making tax-free withdrawals when they would have paid a higher rate.
401(k) vs. IRA: Which One Should You Use?
You can use both 401(k)s and IRAs for retirement savings, and many people use both. But if you have to choose, make the most out of your retirement savings by selecting the option that’s best for you.
How to Choose Between a 401(k) & an IRA
If you only have enough money to contribute to one account or don’t want to deal with multiple accounts, there are several rules of thumb you can use when deciding between a 401(k) and IRA.
A 401(k) is a better option if:
- Your employer offers a 401(k) match
- The investment options in your 401(k) match your investment plan
- The 401(k) doesn’t charge high fees
An IRA is a better option if:
- You don’t have access to a 401(k) through your employer and don’t qualify for a solo 401(k)
- Your 401(k) charges high fees
- You want to use investments that aren’t available in your 401(k)
How to Prioritize Your IRA vs. Your 401(k)
For most people, the best way to save for retirement involves using both a 401(k) and an IRA. Properly prioritizing each account helps you make the most of your retirement savings.
Start by contributing to your 401(k) until you’ve maxed out your employer matching. Any matching you get from your employer is like free money, and it’s worth dealing with hefty 401(k) fees to get the match.
After you’ve maxed out your 401(k) match, start contributing to an IRA if you’re fully eligible to contribute and take the deduction. Using an IRA gives you more flexibility and lets you avoid the high fees common with many 401(k)s.
Once you’ve maxed out your IRA contributions, you can go back to contributing to your 401(k). Even if your plan has high fees, the tax benefits are usually worth it, especially if you make enough to max out both your employer match and your IRA contributions.
If you manage to max out both your 401(k) and IRA, it’s time to switch to a taxable brokerage account if you aren’t already using one.
IRAs and 401(k)s are two common ways to save for retirement. While 401(k)s offer much higher contribution limits, they restrict you when it comes time to choose your investments. IRAs are far more flexible, but you can’t contribute nearly as much to an IRA.
Choosing between the two and knowing how to prioritize each can be difficult. If you need help, reach out to a financial advisor. They can help you come up with a retirement plan that integrates your 401(k) and IRA and uses both to their full potential. | <urn:uuid:26c042fc-08f1-4b4f-b4ee-0f6e4d2326b8> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.moneycrashers.com/ira-vs-401k-differences-retirement-plan-better/ | 2024-04-13T23:18:49Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.945163 | 4,042 | 4,675 |
During 2017, LDS members will be studying the latest manual published by their church, Teachings of Presidents of the Church: Gordon B. Hinckley. We will evaluate this book regularly, chapter by chapter, by showing interesting quotes and providing an Evangelical Christian take on this manual. If you would like to see the church manual online, go here. Latter-day Saints study this material on the second and third Sundays of each month (thus, chapters 1-2 are January, chapter 3-4 are February, etc.)
Teachings of Gordon B. Hinckley
Like the stone in Daniel’s vision, the Church is rolling forth to fill the whole earth.
This Church began with the humble prayer of the boy Joseph Smith in the grove of his father’s farm. From that remarkable experience, which we call the First Vision, has grown this work. … It is the very personification of Daniel’s vision of a stone cut out of the mountain without hands rolling forth to fill the whole earth (see Daniel 2:44–45).
In chapter 1, I discussed some of the problems with the First Vision. Summarized, here are some of my problems:
- The first mention of the First Vision is in 1832 as recorded in Smith’s diary. This seems strange. Why should the first mention of such a crucial event happen more than a decade after it supposedly took place? At that, Smith only mentions a visit from the “Lord,” while completely ignoring God the Father.
- In addition, the first mention of the events as publicized by the LDS Church (i.e. both God the Father and Jesus appear, it was in response to the prayer from James 1:5, Joseph Smith was in his 15th year, etc.) is in 1838; the account wasn’t made public until 1842. This is more than two decades after the event!
- There were nine different accounts, including three by Smith himself–sounds awfully suspicious.
- The First Vision did not play an important role in the first decade and a half of the LDS Church. This is such a difference with Christianity’s most important historical event, the resurrection of Jesus, which was not only witnessed by the apostles but more than 500 witnesses. Some scholars date 1 Cor. 15:1-5 within 2-3 years after the Resurrection took place, so this was reported very early.
- For such an important historical event–crucial in Mormonism–it seems strange that God would have allowed only Smith to be present at this crucial event.
All in all, the First Vision has all appearances of being a legend that was created over time. With no documentary evidence to support this event, I think doubt is in order rather than accepting this as a historical account through blind faith. If you are a Latter-day Saint, I recommend you take a closer look into this event and see if there is reason for the doubt I express. Check out any of these articles:
- Do the First Vision Accounts Coincide?
- The First Vision Account: Response to the LDS.org Essay
- First Vision: Fact or Fiction?
- Which First Vision Account Should we Believe?
- The First Vision’s Slow Entrance
- The Importance of Joseph Smith’s First Vision (Blog)
When the Church was organized in 1830 there were but six members [and] only a handful of believers, all residing in a largely unknown village. … Stakes of Zion today flourish in every state of the United States, in every province of Canada, in every state of Mexico, in every nation of Central America and throughout South America.
Congregations are found throughout the British Isles and Europe, where thousands have joined the Church through the years. This work has reached out to the Baltic nations and on down through Bulgaria and Albania and other areas of that part of the world. It reaches across the vast area of Russia. It reaches up into Mongolia and all down through the nations of Asia into the islands of the Pacific, Australia, and New Zealand, and into India and Indonesia. It is flourishing in many of the nations of Africa. …
And this is only the beginning. This work will continue to grow and prosper and move across the earth.
Let me get this straight. According to Hinckley, the growth of the church ascertains the veracity of the LDS Church? Wait a minute, didn’t Jesus Himself say that the road to destruction is broad but narrow would be the path to life? (Matt. 7:13-14) While God generally does bless His work, church growth and missions outreach should not be a sign that an organization like the Mormon Church is true. Otherwise, should we expect that Islam or the Catholic Church are true organizations? After all, the growth rate of these two religions far surpasses the growth of the LDS Church. In fact, when it comes to church growth, Mormonism, is not growing very fast at all, fewer than 300,000 converts per year. Check out this article titled The Fastest Growing Church in the World?
(Referring to a talk given by Brigham Young in 1847) I think [those Brethren] may also on that occasion have spoken of the building of the temple … in fulfillment of the words of Isaiah:
“And it shall come to pass in the last days, that the mountain of the Lord’s house shall be established in the top of the mountains, and shall be exalted above the hills; and all nations shall flow unto it.
“And many people shall go and say, Come ye, and let us go up to the mountain of the Lord, to the house of the God of Jacob; and he will teach us of his ways, and we will walk in his paths: for out of Zion shall go forth the law, and the word of the Lord from Jerusalem.” (Isa. 2:2–3.)
This verse is taken completely out of its context. There was only one temple recognized in Israel and that was found in Jerusalem. The very idea that temples are needed today is certainly not biblical. (The verse is used once again later in this chapter.)
We can become as an ensign to the nations from which the people of the earth may gather strength.
My brethren and sisters, the time has come for us to stand a little taller, to lift our eyes and stretch our minds to a greater comprehension and understanding of the grand millennial mission of this The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. This is a season to be strong. It is a time to move forward without hesitation, knowing well the meaning, the breadth, and the importance of our mission. It is a time to do what is right regardless of the consequences that might follow. It is a time to be found keeping the commandments. It is a season to reach out with kindness and love to those in distress and to those who are wandering in darkness and pain. It is a time to be considerate and good, decent and courteous toward one another in all of our relationships. In other words, to become more Christlike.
When Hinckley says “the time has come,” it doesn’t mean he’s making a new commandment. Mormons are instructed to “keep the commandments continually” (D&C 25:15) and do good works. Christians believe in displaying the fruit of the Spirit, not somehow to attain salvation but rather to display salvation. For what God has provided to His children—eternal life—is a gift that is received with gratefulness. It is always time to live in a Christ-like way!
Unless the world alters the course of its present trends (and that is not likely); and if, on the other hand, we continue to follow the teachings of the prophets, we shall increasingly become a peculiar and distinctive people of whom the world will take note. For instance, as the integrity of the family crumbles under worldly pressures, our position on the sanctity of the family will become more obvious and even more peculiar in contrast, if we have the faith to maintain that position.
Notice how Hinckley makes reference to following “the teachings of the prophets.” Of course, he’s talking about “modern-day prophets” and not the prophets of the Bible. For the Christian, following the teachings of the Bible takes priority. The prophets are needed to interpret what the Bible says. This is very dangerous, as these men can add to God’s Word and make verses say things they never were intended to say. For example, 1 Corinthians 15:29 is used by LDS leaders to support their work for the dead in the LDS temples. The verse (like many others) has been pulled out of context to make it say something it was never intended to do. Meanwhile, Mormons do not hold a monopoly on “the integrity of the family.” Following the mandate of the Bible, there is a structure that stresses the importance of the family. (Ephesians 6:1-4; Col. 3:20-24)
As the growing permissive attitude toward sex continues to spread, the doctrine of the Church, as consistently taught for more than a century and a half, will become increasingly singular and even strange to many.
Christians don’t need “prophets” to guide them in these modern days, as the Bible teaches us how to think about this issue. For example, see 1 Corinthians 6 and 7.
As the consumption of alcohol and the abuse of drugs increase each year within the mores of our society, our position, set forth by the Lord more than a century and a half ago, will become more unusual before the world. …
The Bible instructs believers to not get drunk on wine (Prov. 20:1; 1 Cor. 6:10; Gal. 5:21; Eph. 5:18). We must be careful in creating a law out of something that was never meant to be. Mormons are taught that they should abstain from alcohol, but the Bible stresses moderation of drink and not abstinence. In fact, Paul tells Timothy to take some wine for his health in 1 Tim. 5:23. Christians are free to abstain, but this is not a regulation to be turned into a legalistic teaching. The freedom concerning meat offered to idols, as discussed in 1 Cor. 8 and 10, can certainly be applied to alcohol.
As the Sabbath increasingly becomes a day of merchandising and entertainment, those who obey the precept of the law, written by the finger of the Lord on Sinai and reinforced by modern revelation, will appear more unusual.
Again, something that was meant to be good (honoring the Sabbath day to keep it holy) has been turned into a human regulation by the Mormon Church. Strict rules are provided, which seem to be very similar in nature to the rules imposed on the people by the Pharisees of Jesus’s day. There were people in Paul’s day who were attempting to make the law requirements for the believers. The Judaizers, as they are known, claimed to be Christian but stressed the vitality of circumcision, dietary limitations (kosher), and Sabbath observance. In the book of Galatians, Paul explains (chapter 2):
15 We ourselves are Jews by birth and not Gentile sinners; 16 yet we know that a person is not justified by works of the law but through faith in Jesus Christ, so we also have believed in Christ Jesus, in order to be justified by faith in Christ and not by works of the law, because by works of the law no one will be justified.
In chapter 3 Paul wrote:
10 For all who rely on works of the law are under a curse; for it is written, “Cursed be everyone who does not abide by all things written in the Book of the Law, and do them.” 11 Now it is evident that no one is justified before God by the law, for “The righteous shall live by faith.” 12 But the law is not of faith, rather “The one who does them shall live by them.” 13 Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us—for it is written, “Cursed is everyone who is hanged on a tree”— 14 so that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles, so that we might receive the promised Spirit through faith.
And in chapter 5 he explains:
For freedom Christ has set us free; stand firm therefore, and do not submit again to a yoke of slavery. 2 Look: I, Paul, say to you that if you accept circumcision, Christ will be of no advantage to you. 3 I testify again to every man who accepts circumcision that he is obligated to keep the whole law. 4 You are severed from Christ, you who would be justified by the law; you have fallen away from grace. 5 For through the Spirit, by faith, we ourselves eagerly wait for the hope of righteousness. 6 For in Christ Jesus neither circumcision nor uncircumcision counts for anything, but only faith working through love.
Unfortunately, observance of the Sabbath has been turned into a commandment in the Mormon Church, something that must be done to become temple worthy and necessary in order to be considered worthy of God’s favor. This is not the way God meant it to be.
It is not always easy to live in the world and not be a part of it. We cannot live entirely with our own or unto ourselves, nor would we wish to. We must mingle with others. In so doing, we can be gracious. We can be inoffensive. We can avoid any spirit or attitude of self-righteousness. But we can maintain our standards. …
Wait a minute, when a person is bent on keeping commandments, there is going to be a “spirit or attitude of self-righteousness.” After all, a person who does all the things that God commands could use this as part of the resume to show God why they are worthy to receive His blessing, despite the fact that Eph. 2:9 clearly says how it’s “not by works lest any man (person) should boast.” We naturally will compare our good works to others. “I’m keeping the Sabbath and he’s not,” someone may think to himself. This is the issue of pride where the Pharisees struggled. When we think we are earning our way to God’s favor, we hit a pothole and cause all sorts of problems for ourselves.
As we observe these and other standards taught by the Church, many in the world will respect us and find strength to follow that which they too know is right.
And, in the words of Isaiah, “Many people shall go and say, Come ye, and let us go up to the mountain of the Lord, to the house of the God of Jacob; and he will teach us of his ways, and we will walk in his paths.” (Isa. 2:3.)
Once more, this verse from Isaiah has nothing to do with the Mormons or their temple(s). It is talking specifically about the temple in Jerusalem.
We need not compromise. We must not compromise. The candle that the Lord has lighted in this dispensation can become as a light unto the whole world, and others seeing our good works can be led to glorify our Father in Heaven and emulate in their own lives the examples they have observed in ours.
Beginning with you and me, there can be an entire people who, by the virtue of our lives in our homes, in our vocations, even in our amusements, can become as a city upon a hill to which men may look and learn, and an ensign to the nations from which the people of the earth may gather strength.
If we are to hold up this Church as an ensign to the nations and a light to the world, we must take on more of the luster of the life of Christ individually and in our own personal circumstances. In standing for the right, we must not be fearful of the consequences. We must never be afraid.
Matthew 6:1-4 says,
Beware of practicing your righteousness before other people in order to be seen by them, for then you will have no reward from your Father who is in heaven. Thus, when you give to the needy, sound no trumpet before you, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the streets, that they may be praised by others. Truly, I say to you, they have received their reward. But when you give to the needy, do not let your left hand know what your right hand is doing, so that your giving may be in secret. And your Father who sees in secret will reward you.
Generally, I think people will recognize that there is something different about the Christian believer. But when they observe a person’s keeping of the Sabbath or other legalistic laws, I think the blessing is completely lost. These personal acts of righteousness are not meant to be seen by other people. Pride, though, wants everyone else to know.
Something that a Latter-day Saint ought to consider is the pride many Mormons have in going to the temple. To be able to attend a Mormon temple, a temple recommend is required. What does a person need to do to receive this special identification? First, he or she must be considered worthy. He or she must be a tithe-payer; if not, restitution must be made. Also, no hot drinks are allowed to be imbibed, the person must be sexually pure, the Sabbath must be honored, and other requirements are also necessary. It’s all based on merit and “personal worthiness.”
I have never been a Latter-day Saint, nor have I attended the LDS temple, but I can only imagine the pride that must be inside a person who realizes he or she is considered by the “Church” as “worthy”to enter a place where most other Mormons are unable to attend. The Church promotes a pride that is not easily overcome.
We have nothing to fear. God is at the helm. He will overrule for the good of this work. He will shower down blessings upon those who walk in obedience to His commandments. Such has been His promise. Of His ability to keep that promise none of us can doubt.
… Our Savior, who is our Redeemer, the Great Jehovah, the mighty Messiah, has promised: “I will go before your face. I will be on your right hand and on your left, and my Spirit shall be in your hearts, and mine angels round about you, to bear you up” (D&C 84:88).
“Therefore,” said He, “fear not, little flock; do good; let earth and hell combine against you, for if ye are built upon my rock, they cannot prevail. …
“Look unto me in every thought; doubt not, fear not.
“Behold the wounds which pierced my side, and also the prints of the nails in my hands and feet; be faithful, keep my commandments, and ye shall inherit the kingdom of heaven” (D&C 6:34, 36–37).
These verses are in the Doctrine and Covenants and are not accepted by biblical Christians. This is what Jesus says in John 15:
12 “This is my commandment, that you love one another as I have loved you. 13 Greater love has no one than this, that someone lay down his life for his friends. 14 You are my friends if you do what I command you. 15 No longer do I call you servants,[a] for the servant does not know what his master is doing; but I have called you friends, for all that I have heard from my Father I have made known to you. 16 You did not choose me, but I chose you and appointed you that you should go and bear fruit and that your fruit should abide, so that whatever you ask the Father in my name, he may give it to you. 17 These things I command you, so that you will love one another.
Yet Jesus never said or even suggested that if a person keeps “my commandments, … ye shall inherit the kingdom of heaven.” This is someone (Joseph Smith) putting words into Jesus’s mouth. Rather, he said it was belief in Him that saved a person. Earlier in the gospel, John writes:
John 5:24: “Truly, truly, I say to you, whoever hears my word and believes him who sent me has eternal life. He does not come into judgment, but has passed from death to life.”
John 6:40: “For this is the will of my Father, that everyone who looks on the Son and believes in him should have eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day.”
John 6:47: “Truly, truly, I say to you, whoever believes has eternal life. “
John 11:25-26: “Jesus said to her, “I am the resurrection and the life. Whoever believes in me, though he die, yet shall he live, and everyone who lives and believes in me shall never die. Do you believe this?”
Belief, not keeping commandments, is what justifies a person before an all-holy God. Works have nothing to do with justification. Until this concept is understood, the Gospel will be completely missed.
Unitedly, working hand in hand, we shall move forward as servants of the living God, doing the work of His Beloved Son, our Master, whom we serve and whose name we seek to glorify.
We must stand firm. We must hold back the world. If we do so, the Almighty will be our strength and our protector, our guide and our revelator. We shall have the comfort of knowing that we are doing what He would have us do. Others may not agree with us, but I am confident that they will respect us. We will not be left alone. There are many [who are] not of our faith but who feel as we do. They will support us. They will sustain us in our efforts.
Let us glory in this wonderful season of the work of the Lord. Let us not be proud or arrogant. Let us be humbly grateful. And let us, each one, resolve within himself or herself that we will add to the luster of this magnificent work of the Almighty, that it may shine across the earth as a beacon of strength and goodness for all the world to look upon.
Unfortunately, there are many—including those of us at MRM—who do not believe that Mormonism is what God intends for people to practice and follow. This religion is all about what a person can do for God. It is works-oriented. People go to their graves content with the works they are doing, and yet there will be many who miss the very heart of the Gospel. This is not what we intend. Don’t be satisfied in your works and think these somehow appease a God of justice. Only by allowing God to do His work in you can you be justified and cleansed from all sin. Consider these articles and come into a relationship with the Jesus described in the Bible! | <urn:uuid:5479971b-3310-408e-a4ba-1d69cf3c7505> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.mrm.org/hinckley-chapter-2 | 2024-04-13T22:29:11Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.968487 | 4,882 | 5,333 |
National Statistic: yes
Data collection: various
How compiled: Producer Price Indices, Services Producer Price Index and Average Weekly Earnings
Geographic coverage: UK
This quality and methodology report contains information on the quality characteristics of the data (including the European Statistical System five dimensions of quality) as well as the methods used to create it.
The information in this report will help you to:
understand the strengths and limitations of the data
learn about existing uses and users of the data
understand the methods used to create the data
help you to decide suitable uses for the data
reduce the risk of misusing data
The Construction Output Price Indices (OPIs) provide our best estimate of inflation within the UK construction industry.
Index values are produced for every month and are published on a quarterly basis.
Index values are formed from a weighted ratio of aggregated values on the base period of 2015 equals 100.
The OPIs estimate costs related to different types of construction projects, and provide aggregated indices for new work, repair and maintenance, and all construction work.
For all projects, three types of input costs are calculated: materials, plant and labour, and a mark-up is applied, which accounts for profit; the result is then used as a measure of output prices.
Material costs are estimated using individual Producer Price Indices (PPIs), plant costs are measured using the Services Producer Price Index (SPPI) for Rental and leasing services of construction and civil engineering machinery and equipment (CPA2.1: N7732), new work labour costs are measured using the Average Weekly Earnings (AWE) construction index, and repair and maintenance labour costs are measured using Consumer Price Indices (CPIs) for plumbers, electricians, carpenters and decorators.
Revisions are subject to the revisions policies of component series; for routine revisions the series will remain open for a period of 12 months, in line with PPI, its main component.
The Construction Output Price Indices (OPIs) provide a best estimate of inflation within the UK construction industry. The OPIs are compiled using existing Office for National Statistics (ONS) data sources.
This approach involves input costs, which are materials, labour and plant hire, weighted together for a selection of types of construction projects, with a mark-up being applied to account for profit by the construction firm. The result is considered a proxy for output prices. The basic concept of producing each output price index is:
The Office for National Statistics (ONS) took responsibility for publishing these statistics on 1 April 2015. The indices were previously known as the Construction Price and Cost Indices (CPCIs) and were published by the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS), before the publication was suspended in December 2014.
As a result of their suspension, the CPCIs were de-designated as National Statistics in December 2014, as detailed in a letter from the Director General for the Office for Statistics Regulation.
The first quarterly publication of the OPIs by the ONS was in June 2015, with indices published back to January 2014. Before Quarter 3 (July to Sept) 2017, the methodology that was used to compile the indices was considered to be an interim solution, while a longer-term methodology was investigated.
In September 2017, an article was published by the ONS that detailed improvements to construction statistics. As a result of the improvements that were implemented in Quarter 3 2017, as of March 2019 the methodology is no longer considered to be experimental and has received its accreditation as a National Statistic, as detailed in a letter from the Director General for the Office for Statistics Regulation.
Uses and users
Construction OPIs have a number of uses, both direct and indirect, and are used internally within the ONS as well as externally.
Construction OPIs were used to deflate Output in the construction industry for the first time in the April 2015 release, published on 12 June 2015. Further details on the impact of using these indices have been published in a separate article.
We are aware of a widespread use of ONS data in indexation clauses and even though this is a use the ONS neither encourage nor discourage, it is an acknowledged use of the data.
Strengths and limitations
The main strengths of the index include:
the index is comprehensive, covering a wide variety of products or services
the data provide users with valuable insight into the changing inflation within the UK construction industry
The main limitations of the index include:
- there is an inconsistency with the timeliness of input data; plant, labour and material costs are updated monthly, however, the mark-up profit margin is only available two years after the respective reference period
Information on the impact of further improvements implemented in the Quarter 3 2017 release, including the impact of rebasing and the addition of annual updates to weights, are highlighted in Section 7 of the Quarter 3 2017 bulletin.
Recent improvements to the Producer Price Index (PPI) and Services Producer Price Index (SPPI), including moving from fixed-base weights to annual chain-linking in 2020, has improved the quality of the OPIs and resulted in slight historical revisions to the series. The impact of these improvements is detailed in the article Impact of methodological improvements on Producer Price Inflation.
Previously the OPI statistical bulletin datasets released the latest 56 months of index values. From Quarter 2 (Apr to June) 2021, the full series of monthly values from January 2014 are included in each release.
The Construction OPIs are dependent on the revisions policies associated with their component series. For routine revisions, such as inclusion of late respondent data and monthly re-estimation of seasonal adjustment factors, the Construction OPIs will be open to revisions for a period of 12 months, in line with PPI, its main component.
From Quarter 4 (Oct to Dec) 2022, the datasets have been updated to meet the CDDO Accessibility Regulations.
Updates to the weights will take effect annually in the Quarter 1 (Jan to Mar) publication, following the processing of construction volume data and the annual weights update for PPI and SPPI. These weights are applied from January of each year.Back to table of contents
This report provides a range of information that describes the quality of the output and details any points that should be noted when using the output.
We have developed Guidelines for Measuring Statistical Quality; these are based upon the five European Statistical System (ESS) quality dimensions. This report addresses these quality dimensions and other important quality characteristics, which are:
accuracy and reliability
coherence and comparability
accessibility and clarity
timeliness and punctuality
More information is provided about these quality dimensions in upcoming sections.
(The degree to which the statistical outputs meet users' needs.)
The Construction Output Price Indices (OPIs) are produced using existing data sources, all of which are National Statistics. The Construction OPIs measure changes in the total cost of different types of construction projects, a project cost approach. Projects are split into two main categories: new work, and repair and maintenance.
Within new work we provide a measure of costs for the following types of work:
public (other than housing)
Within repair and maintenance, we provide a measure of costs for the following types of work:
housing repair and maintenance
non-housing repair and maintenance
Alongside these individual measures of inflation, we also provide three aggregated measures of inflation within the UK construction industry: new work, repair and maintenance, and all construction.
Accuracy and reliability
(The degree of closeness between an estimate and the true value.)
The weights for the aggregated indices are updated annually using values for construction output taken from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) Output in the construction industry release. These weights are updated in March, effective from January, ready for the Quarter 1 (Jan to Mar) publication. This is when the data for the previous year become available and coincides with the annual weights update for the Producer Price Indices (PPI) data.
Lower-level weights determine the composition of the individual Construction OPIs. This includes the specific material breakdowns, as well as the plant, labour and material aggregation. The plant, labour and material aggregation weights are updated annually for the Quarter 1 publication.
Revisions within the OPI series are also dependent on the revisions policies associated with their component series. For routine revisions, such as inclusion of late respondent data, the Construction OPIs will be open to revisions for a period of 12 months, in line with the Producer Price Indices (PPI), its main component.
For further information see:
The March calculation will include the revisions from both the OPI weights update as well as the PPI and SPPI weights update, both effective from January. As these data are published quarterly, these revisions should have minimal effects on users, as the preliminary values will not be published.
Coherence and comparability
(Coherence is the degree to which data that are derived from different sources or methods, but refer to the same topic, are similar. Comparability is the degree to which data can be compared over time and domain, for example, geographic level.)
The Construction OPIs have been produced by the ONS after publication responsibility was transferred from the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS). The Construction price and cost indices (CPCIs) remain available to users who wish to extend the series. Guidance on how to link the series is available in Section 7: Other information.
The OPIs are reflective of the UK construction industry as a whole and regional data are not available.
Accessibility and clarity
(Accessibility is the ease with which users are able to access the data, also reflecting the format in which the data are available and the availability of supporting information. Clarity refers to the quality and sufficiency of the release details, illustrations and accompanying advice.)
Our recommended format for accessible content is a combination of HTML web pages for narrative, charts and graphs, with data being provided in usable formats such as CSV and Excel. Our website also offers users the option to download the narrative in PDF format. In some instances, other software may be used, or may be available on request. Available formats for content published on our website but not produced by us, or referenced on our website but stored elsewhere, may vary. For further information please refer to the contact details at the beginning of this report.
In addition to this Quality and Methodology Information, basic quality information relevant to each release is available in the Measuring the data section of the relevant statistical bulletin.
Timeliness and punctuality
(Timeliness refers to the lapse of time between publication and the period to which the data refer. Punctuality refers to the gap between planned and actual publication dates.)
The Construction OPIs are monthly index values that are published on a quarterly basis. Publication is approximately six weeks after the end of the quarterly period. Quarter 4 (Oct to Dec) data are published in the second or third week of February.
For the up-to-date release schedule and related releases, please see the Office for National Statistics (ONS) release calendar.
Output qualityBack to table of contents
How we collect the data, main data sources and accuracy
The Construction Output Price Indices (OPIs) are produced using existing data sources, all of which are National Statistics. Material costs are estimated using individual Producer Price Indices (PPIs). Plant costs are measured using the Services Producer Price Index (SPPI) for Rental and leasing services of construction and civil engineering machinery and equipment (CPA2.1 : N7732). New work labour costs are measured using the Average Weekly Earnings (AWE) construction index, and repair and maintenance labour costs are measured using Consumer Price Indices (CPIs) for plumbers, electricians, carpenters and decorators. From Quarter 4 (Oct to Dec) 2020, all input values for PPI and SPPI have been chain-linked, and as such there were slight historical revisions to the series to reflect this increase in accuracy.
How the output is created
The Construction OPIs are based on an aggregation of cost indices for several theoretical construction projects, representative of each type of new work construction, as well as housing and non-housing repair and maintenance.
To measure price change for all new work, and repair and maintenance projects, price changes for three categories of inputs are measured: materials, plant and labour. These are weighted together for each construction project, and a profit mark-up is applied. Each of these steps is explained in more detail.
The Construction OPIs are aggregated at four stages. The Stage 1 indices are theoretical construction projects comprising weighted aggregations of plant, labour and material components. These are aggregated into the Stage 2, 3 and 4 indices, as shown in Figure 1, which are included in the quarterly publication.
Each theoretical construction project comprises a weighted aggregation of specific labour, plant and material components.
Relevant PPIs are used to measure changes in material costs for new work projects. PPIs measure changes in the price received by UK companies for goods they have produced that are sold within the UK. The selection of PPIs used is based on the data the Office for National Statistics (ONS) submitted to Eurostat as part of the European Price Comparison Programme used to calculate the purchasing power parities (PPPs).
The projects are intended to be representative of UK construction. The projects for which the UK was asked to return prices to Eurostat as part of the PPPs are:
"Nordic"-style housing development (a single-family home consisting of one and a half storey)
new office building
The representative projects chosen for use in the Construction OPIs for each type of work, selected as they are considered to be reflective of the type of work undertaken in each category, are shown in Table 1. These input costs are also reflected within repair and maintenance projects.
|Type of work
|Detached house and apartment
|Roads and bridges
|New office building
|New office building
Download this table Table 1: Representative projects selected for each type of new work, UK.xls .csv
The weighting of materials into each project is determined using Bills of Quantities (BoQs). Each BoQ provides details of the quantities of different materials needed for each project type, with materials grouped into nine material categories. These categories are the same for each of the BoQs and are:
joinery and metal work
heating and ventilation
Indices are compiled for materials for each of the representative projects using a selection of PPIs. The overall index for all material costs is then created by weighting the material categories by their relative estimated cost in the whole project. It is worth noting, however, that the values that are submitted in the BoQs represent the total "work cost" so include the costs associated with the materials and plant required to use the materials within the construction project.
Repair and maintenance
The method used to aggregate material prices for repair and maintenance construction differs from new work and are aggregated separately for housing and non-housing repair and maintenance.
Since there are no BoQs for repairs and maintenance, materials have been selected using information collected from the Annual Purchases Survey, which collects data on business' expenditure on energy, services, goods and materials that are used up or transformed by the business activity.
The categories of materials that are used for housing repairs and maintenance are:
fabricated metal products
cement, plaster and concrete
glass, porcelain and ceramic products
paints, varnishes, printing ink and mastics
mining and quarrying products
other basic metals and casting
Non-housing repair and maintenance uses a similar approach to that of housing repair and maintenance. However, since the materials used for non-housing will be different, the list of PPIs selected has been amended to better represent non-housing materials.
To do this, the materials that are most representative of repair and maintenance work have been combined separately for an office, a factory and for infrastructure, and then combined into an overall index for materials.
This list of materials is similar to those used for housing repair and maintenance, but excludes wallpaper, particle boards and central heating radiators, and includes:
tiles, flagstones and bricks of cement, concrete and artificial stone (instead of ceramic and clay as in the housing list)
aggregates (gravel, sand, stone, granules, chippings and powder, pebbles, bituminous mixtures based on natural and artificial stone, articles of asphalt)
glass (surface ground, polished, mirrors and insulating units)
ceramic sanitary wares
articles of cement, concrete, plaster or artificial stone and prefabricated structural components for buildings or civil engineering
paints and varnishes (acrylic and polyester based)
metals (tubes, pipes, hollow profiles and related fittings, metal structures and parts of structures, grills, netting, fencing, aluminium bars, rods and profiles)
tubes, pipes, hoses and fittings
The SPPI for Rental and leasing services of construction and civil engineering machinery and equipment (CPA2.1: N7732) is used to measure changes in the price of plant used in construction. This index measures changes in the price received by UK plant hire companies when providing plant without an operator to other UK companies and government. It includes items such as cranes, earth-moving equipment and site accommodation and, since it is compiled on a quarterly basis, interpolation is used to produce estimates on a monthly basis.
Similarly to the labour component, the plant data are not available for specific construction work types, so the same index is used for each of the sub-indices produced. Plant costs are measured using the same index for new work, and repair and maintenance.
The AWE Construction Index: seasonally adjusted total pay excluding arrears is used to measure changes in the price of labour in all new work projects. AWE measures money paid to employees in Great Britain in return for work done before tax and other deductions from pay.
The estimates do not include earnings of self-employed people and are not just a measure of pay settlements since they also reflect compositional changes within the workforce. Since the AWE is not available at a more detailed level than all construction, the same index is used to represent labour costs for each of the sub-indices produced.
During the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the AWE ceased to be a representative measure of labour costs. Between March 2020 and September 2021 inclusive, the monthly Consumer Prices Index including owner occupiers' housing costs (CPIH) inflation rate was used to uprate the index. From October 2021, the AWE has been reinstated.
For housing repair and maintenance, a combination of the CPIs for plumbers, electricians, carpenters and decorators are used to measure changes to labour costs.
The CPIs therefore measure the price paid by consumers when hiring tradespeople to carry out repairs and maintenance on their homes. This index does not include the price paid for builders, which is why it is used for repairs and maintenance only and not for new work.
Weights are applied to account for the varying balance of material, labour and plant costs related to each individual project. Weights are then applied at each level of the index structure, as seen in Figure 1:
Stage 1: weights of plant, labour and material components into each project
Stage 2: weights of each project into each type of work (where applicable)
Stage 3: weights of each type of work into the aggregate new work, and repair and maintenance indices
Stage 4: weights of the aggregate indices into the top-level All Construction Index
The weights for Stage 1, 3 and 4 are updated annually, while Stage 2 weights remain constant.
Data used to weight the individual labour, materials and plant components for a construction business come from the Annual Business Survey (ABS). Information from the monthly construction survey is used to calculate the sector split of all construction work.
To calculate the labour, material and plant weights for the housing indices, the median cost is calculated from the labour, material and plant ratios of businesses that focus on housing work. The same process is repeated for the other sectors. The median measurement is used, rather than a weighted mean, because there is already a potential bias towards large companies in making this calculation. The calculation requires data from both the annual and monthly survey for the same year, and it is only the largest companies that are fully enumerated in both surveys.
For new work, two representative projects have been used for both housing and infrastructure. The resulting indices have been weighted together using weights estimated from data provided by Barbour ABI, a construction intelligence service.
The weights are fixed and are as follows:
housing - detached house (65%) and apartment building (35%)
infrastructure - road (90%) and bridge (10%)
Stage 3 and 4
Stage 3 and Stage 4 weights are updated annually using values for construction output taken from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) Output in the construction industry release. These weights are updated annually in March, effective from January, ready for the Quarter 1 publication. This is when the data for the previous year become available and coincides with the annual weights update for the PPI data. Weights can be viewed in Table 2.
(parts per 1,000)
(parts per 1,000)
|Repair and maintenance
Download this table Table 2: Weights used to compile indices for all new work, all repair and maintenance and all construction, 2023, UK.xls .csv
Mark-up for profit margin
As announced in the Construction development: Impact of improvements to construction statistics article in September 2017, a mark-up method was introduced in collaboration with University College London (UCL). The mark-up addressed a limitation of the old methodology, which assumed that input costs move in the same way as output prices.
Gross profit was chosen as the most appropriate profit measure to base the mark-up on. This is because it is tailored only towards direct costs of goods sold and not indirect fixed costs such as rent and insurance. According to economic theory, firms set a mark-up given labour, capital and intermediate inputs, with a view to maximise profits. The mark-up is the difference between the price that the firm charges and its marginal cost, that is, the cost of producing an additional unit of output.
The Fame dataset, from Bureau van Dijk, has been used to access the financial information of construction businesses. A criterion was defined to identify appropriate businesses, leading to the selection of 715 currently active firms, from which the mean average for turnover and gross profit has been calculated. The mark-up is then produced using the following formula:
The non-parametric cubic spline approach is then used to fit a smooth curve between points on the annual series to calculate a quarterly series, taking into account movements in the mark-up in neighbouring periods. Linear interpolation is subsequently used to calculate a monthly mark-up figure.
Each time a weight (for aggregation) is altered, this impacts the aggregate price index value. As price index changes should only reflect changes in price, the effect of this weight change should be removed.
The output index values at each link period (the date following a weight change) are calculated using both the new and old weights. The ratio of the index value calculated using the old weight divided by that using the new weight is used to create a link factor. These link factors are cumulatively multiplied, before being applied to the output indices as multiplication factors.
How we quality assure and validate the data
Rigorous quality assurance is carried out at all stages of production. Specific procedures include:
scrutinising input data to investigate the accuracy of any abnormal values
comparing current Construction OPIs with previous Construction OPIs, to see where large changes are taking place and understand the reasons for these
checking output tables to ensure that there are no errors or inaccuracies during the creation of the published tables and figures
other government departments also have regular opportunities to analyse the data and share feedback with ONS colleagues
How we disseminate the data
Monthly Stage 3 and 4 Construction OPIs are published on a quarterly basis.Back to table of contents
Linking to a previous series
Users wishing to link the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS) Construction Price and Cost Indices (CPCIs) (before 2014) and our new Construction Output Price Indices (OPIs) (from 2014 onwards) to create longer-running time series have many options. One approach would be to use a linking factor based on a common time period.
To do this, select the nearest equivalent index published in the OPI (2005 equals 100) series and then calculate a linking factor as follows.
Users wishing to link the BIS CPCIs (until Quarter 2 (Apr to June) 2014) and our new Construction OPIs (from January 2014) to create longer-running time series can create a linking factor on a common period. The purpose of this is to create an equivalence between the value for the common period while maintaining the growth rates from both series. For example, for users who are using the BIS (2005 equals 100) indices in long-term contracts and wish to extend the series beyond Quarter 2 2014 (the last quarter for which CPCI data are available), the following approach would be suitable.
To do this, select the nearest equivalent index published in both series (Quarter 1 (Jan to Mar) 2014, March 2014) and then calculate a linking factor as follows:
Then multiply the Office for National Statistics (ONS) (2015 equals 100) index values beyond March 2014 by this linking factor to extend the BIS (2005 equals 100) time series.
Alternatively, you could calculate the inverse linking factor (dividing the ONS index value by the BIS index value) and multiply the BIS data by this factor to extend the current series backwards. Both of these methods would calculate the same growth between any two periods, the only difference is the reference period (the year that the index values are set to average 100, 2005 for the BIS values, and currently 2015 for the ONS values).
For further information, please contact the Business Prices team via email at [email protected] to table of contents
Office for National Statistics (ONS), released 10 May 2023, ONS website, methodology, Construction Output Price Indices (OPIs) Quality and Methodology Information
Contact details for this Methodology
Telephone: +44 1633 456907 | <urn:uuid:07bbb5aa-bf38-4102-a6c1-975dd53e0cf4> | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | https://www.ons.gov.uk/businessindustryandtrade/constructionindustry/methodologies/constructionoutputpriceindicesopisqmi | 2024-04-13T22:35:43Z | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816853.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413211215-20240414001215-00100.warc.gz | en | 0.935085 | 5,801 | 6,220 |
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